CA1079184A - Fluid resonator - Google Patents
Fluid resonatorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1079184A CA1079184A CA243,090A CA243090A CA1079184A CA 1079184 A CA1079184 A CA 1079184A CA 243090 A CA243090 A CA 243090A CA 1079184 A CA1079184 A CA 1079184A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fluid flow
- accordance
- tubular members
- tubular
- leading edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K5/00—Whistles
- G10K5/02—Ultrasonic whistles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
- B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
- B01F31/81—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations by vibrations generated inside a mixing device not coming from an external drive, e.g. by the flow of material causing a knife to vibrate or by vibrating nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/003—Vibrating earth formations
Abstract
FLUID RESONATOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A fluid resonator is disclosed in which a fluid flow through and around a tubular or cylindrical member positioned parallel to the direction of the fluid flow causes vibration or vibratory waves in the fluid flow. The fluid resonator may may take on a number of different forms. Preferably, a plurality of cylindrical members may be concentrically positioned in the fluid flow stream. Variations may also be provided in the structure of the tubular element to produce desired effects in specific cases. The fluid resonator may be used for many purposes, including recovery of oil, drilling, emulsification apparatus and the secondary recovery of oil or hydrocarbon from oil or hydrocarbon formations.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A fluid resonator is disclosed in which a fluid flow through and around a tubular or cylindrical member positioned parallel to the direction of the fluid flow causes vibration or vibratory waves in the fluid flow. The fluid resonator may may take on a number of different forms. Preferably, a plurality of cylindrical members may be concentrically positioned in the fluid flow stream. Variations may also be provided in the structure of the tubular element to produce desired effects in specific cases. The fluid resonator may be used for many purposes, including recovery of oil, drilling, emulsification apparatus and the secondary recovery of oil or hydrocarbon from oil or hydrocarbon formations.
Description
B~CP;GROUND OF T'IE I?iVE~'TION
The present invention relates to a fluic resonator.
~lore particula-lv, the present in~-ention rela~ 2s t_ 2 fluic resonator using one or more tubular elements mount^r7- parallel to the direction of the fluid flow stream.
The present invention is intended to be used with all types of fluids, includins all tvpes of gases, inc uding air, and all other tvpes of fluids, including water anc mixtures of water and steam.
One of the more important uses of the present invention is in the secondary recover~ of cil or hyarocarbon from oil o-hvdrocarbon for~ations. ';hen ar. oil well is origi^ally drilled, a certain amount o' oil ~ill usu~-.lly flow out o- the bcre hole uncer its own ?~essu-e. I~hen thc cil s~o?s flow_r._ out o~ the oil ~ell unce- ils c;;n prcssurc, usually '~-60~ of -:e o~i-i.-a7 , ~ _ iO'791~ ~
oil remains in place. At this point, it is necessary to use some type of a secondary recovery process to get the oil out of the ground.
The present invention is particularly useful in the secondary recovery of oil or hydrocarbon and the primary recovery of oil or hydrocarbon where the oil or hydrocarbon does not flow out of the bore hole naturally. For example, heavy oil in cer-tain areas requires recovery techniques to get the crude oil to the surface. The present invention may be mounted in an oil well bore hole. A fluid medium of steam, hot water, water, or a combination of steam and hot water may be forced under pressure down through the bore hole. The fluid medium may preferably be heated, such as hot water or steam, but any suitable fluid medium such as cold water may be used. Heating of the fluid medium tends to reduce the viscosity of the oil. The present invention provides a vibration effect in the fluid medium. This vibration effect or vibratory motion in the fluid medium tends to cause the oil within the formations, such as sandstone, to be freed and emulsified in the fluid medium. The emulsification is then caused, by the continual forcing of the fluid medium, such as hot water and steam, into the bore hole, to flow up through other bore holes. Vibratory motions of high intensity may be set up in the fluid medium, that is, the hot water and steam, by using concentric tubular and preferably cylindrical elements and by cascading the tubular or cylindrical element groups.
This structure will result in an efficient secondary recovery of oil.
In addition, the present invention has numerous other uses. The present invention may be used to provide a fluid with ultrasonic vibrations for use in drilling, such as in the drilling of oil wells. The p-esent invention mav also . r ~, 10'7918~
be used in fluid separation processes such as separating oil and water and in the cleaning of used oil. Furthermore, the present invention may be used in any industrial process where it is necessary or desirable to create emulsions. For example, it is necessary to create emulsions in the manufac-ture of salad dressing. The present invention may also be used to create dispersions. The present invention may find uses in many wide and varied fields including use in fog dispersion and use in causing condensation in clouds resulting in rain. These, of course, would use the fluid medium of air. The present invention may also be used in the construction industry to enable the more efficient flowing of concrete into forms. The present invention may be used in any area where it is desirable to create vibratory waves in a fluid.
S~MARY OF THE INVENTION
An advantage of the present invention is that the fluid resonator is adapted to be mounted completely within the flow stream.
Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a maximum power output for a given set of dimensional restrictions.
Another advantage of t:he present invention is ~hat it is comprised of relatively simple structural elements, and is substantially maintenance-free.
Another advantage of the present invention is that a number of basic elements may be arranged concentrically and in series or cascade to provide the desired power and frequency ranges required in the particular application of the fluid resonator.
1079~8~
Briefly and basically, the present invention comprises an apparatus for producing vibratory motion in a fluid flow using at least one tubular member mounted parallel to the direction of fluid flow.
Another embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular members, which are preferably cylindrical members, to form a composite resonator element. Resonator elements maY be cascaded in series alon~ the fluid flow path. Also, variations may be made in the structure of the resonator members, such as by varying the leading edge and the addition of sections of increasing or decreasing diameter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~IE DRAWINGS
For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there are shown in the drawings forms which are presently preferred;
it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
Figure 1 is a side elevation view, partially in cross-section, of one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation view, partially in cross-section, of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is an elevation view, partially in cross-section, of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 5 is an elevation view in cross-section of an-other embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 6 is a view in perspective of the leading edge of an embodiment of a cylindrical member in accordance with 1079~8~
the present invention.
Figure 7 is a view in perspective of another embodiment of a leading edge in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 8 is a view in perspective of an embodiment of a cylindrical member provided with a section of increasing diameter in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 9 is a view in perspective of another embodiment of a cylindrical member provided with a section of decreasing diameter in accordance with the pres~nt invention.
Figure 10 is a view in perspective of another embodiment of a cylindrical member provided with a section of decreasing diameter in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODI~.NTS
Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like numerals indicate like elements, there is sho~m in Figure 1, a nozzle 10 mounted within a pipe or casing 12. The casing 12 is adapted to carry a fluid flow stream in the direction of arrow 14. The pipe or casing 12 may be a pipe carrying fluid flow in an industrial emulsification process or it may be a casing or other conduit mounted in an oil well bore hole. A cylindrical or tubular member 16 is mounted with its longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of the fluid flow within casing 12 by means of rib members 18. The cylindrical member 16 is preferably provided with a knife edge 20. Member 16 and the other resonating members referred to throughout may-be interchangeably referred to as cylindrical or tubular. The members may be preferably circular in cross section, but it is understood that resonator members of various other cross-sectional sllapes may be used, for example, elliptical, irreg-ular, rectangular and square.
107918~
The fluid flow from nozzle 10 is provided with a vibratory or oscillatory motion after passing through and around cylindrical member 16. Altllougll Lhe ~heory of op-eration of the preseIIt inven.ion has not been proven, it is believed that the fluid flow emanating from the lower edge of nozzle 10 is set into vibratory oscillation at the leading edge of knife edge 20 causing the fluid flow to oscillate back and forth across leading edge 20 as shown by arrows 22 and 24. In other words, the fluid flow stream from nozzle 10 may initially be drawn to flow outside of cylindrical member 16 as shown by arrow 22. This may cause pressure differ-entials causing the flow stream to be drawn back across knife edge or leading edge 20 to flow in the direction of arrow 24. The switching or oscillating across the leading edge 20 may occur at ultrasonic frequencies. This is~
believed to result in the sonic or ultrasonic vibratory motion which is imparted to the fluid flow.
Referring now to Figure 2, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention utilizing nozzle 26 mounted within casing 2$. Fluid flow is in the direction of arrow 3~. Mounted downstream of nozzle 26 and within casing 28 are a plurality of concentrically positioned cylindrical or tubular members 32, 34, 36 and 38. The cylindrical members 32, 34, 36 and 38 are secured by means of rib members 40. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that more or less than four concentrically arranged cylindrical members mav be used. Furthermore, the selection of the diameters of cylindrical members 32 will vary de-pending upon the specific application.
~07918~
Referring now to Figure 3, there is sho~ another embodiment of the present invention wherein a second set of concentrically mounted members 42, 44, 46 and 48 are mounted in cascade downstream from the first set of cylindrical members 32, 34, 36 and 38 by a selected distance in the direction of fluid flow enabling interaction between the leading edge of members 44, 46, 48 and 50 and the fluid flow. Cylindrical or tubular members 42, 44, 46 and 48 are structurally positioned in place by means of rib mem-bers 50 and also mounted to casing 52 by means of rib members 50. Any number of additional groups of concentrically arranged tubular members may be added in series in the fluid flow ~ath depending on the desired output.
Referring now to Figure 4, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention wherein cylindrical members 54, 56, 58 and 60 are mounted within casing 62 so that their longitudinal axis is parallel to the direction of fluid flow in the direction of arrow 64. The shortest and outermost cylindrical member 60 is mounted to casing 62 by means of ribs 66.
Referring now to Figure 5, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention wherein a cylindrical or tubular member 68 is mounted within casing 70 by means of ribs 72 with its longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of the flow stream as indicated by arrow 74. Cylindrical member 68 is provided with double walls 76 and 78. Double walls 76 and 78 are closed together at 80 near the downstream end of the cylindrical member 68. The closed double wall provides significant additional vibration by creating shock waves when the fluid flow hits the closed portion 80 connecting the double walls 76 and 78. The double wall embodiment also increases the intensity of the vibration by sympathetic 107918~
vibration of the double walls or elements 76 and 78 similar to the effect created by a tuning fork.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate modifications to the embodiments of the present invention wherein the leading edges of cylindrical members are provided with variations in the direction of the fluid flow. Figure 7 illustrates a cylindrical member 82 provided with a sinusoidal varia-tion 84 in the direction of fluid flow as shown by arrow 86. In other words, the leading edge 84 varies sinus-oi~a~ly, tlle amplitude of the sinusoid being in the direction of arrow 86 for abscissa points travelling around the circumference of cylindrical member 82.
Figure 7 illustrates a block tooth shaped leading edge 88 on cylindrical member 90. It may be more clearly seen from Figure 7 that the variations in the leading edge will have an additional vibratory effect on the fluid flow.
For example, fluid flow in the direction of arrow 92 will first come in contact with the peak 94 of a tooth and, at a slightly later time, come in contact with the lower portion 96 between the teeth. This will cause pressures on the teeth causing deformations and deflections of the teeth. This, in turn, causes additional vibration in the fluid flow.
Referring now to Figure 8, there is shown a cylindrical member 98 provided with a section of increasing diameter 100.
The increasing section of the diameter 100 is illustrated as a conical section. However, it is understood that this may be of any other suitable shape, such as an exponentially increasing diameter.
Figure 9 illustrates an embodiment wherein a cylindrical member 102 is provided with a section of decreasing diameter ~079~84 Figur~ 10 illustrates an embodiment of a cylindrical element 106 provided ~ith an exponentially decreasing section lOg.
It will be apparent to those ~k~lled in the art that ~arious modifications may be made to the ~tructure of the present invention within the spirit of the teachings of the present invention. As discu~ed previo w ly, variou~ non-circular cross-s~ction m~mbers may be used. Furthermore, it i8 not n~cessary that tho elements be s~parate and distinct as indicated. For example, the central element may be com-prised of a pipe with d its cut through major portions of the sides allowing narrow portions of material tc remain for support. Likewise, a similar co~struction may be used for each of the r~mainiDg cylindrical elements. M~ny other varlations aro also possible within the scope of the pr~sent teachings. For examplo~ a ~a~ tooth ~hape may be pro~ided on the leading odgc of the cylind~ical ~mber~.
Y~riou~ othor types of support structurcs and ~arious dif~rcnt nozzle structure~ may bc used within the spirit and scope of the pre~ent invention.
In vie~ of the above, the pre~ent in~entlon may be embodied i~ oth-r specific form~ wlthout departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and~ accordingly, reference ~hould be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification as indicating thc scops of the in~ontion.
_g_
The present invention relates to a fluic resonator.
~lore particula-lv, the present in~-ention rela~ 2s t_ 2 fluic resonator using one or more tubular elements mount^r7- parallel to the direction of the fluid flow stream.
The present invention is intended to be used with all types of fluids, includins all tvpes of gases, inc uding air, and all other tvpes of fluids, including water anc mixtures of water and steam.
One of the more important uses of the present invention is in the secondary recover~ of cil or hyarocarbon from oil o-hvdrocarbon for~ations. ';hen ar. oil well is origi^ally drilled, a certain amount o' oil ~ill usu~-.lly flow out o- the bcre hole uncer its own ?~essu-e. I~hen thc cil s~o?s flow_r._ out o~ the oil ~ell unce- ils c;;n prcssurc, usually '~-60~ of -:e o~i-i.-a7 , ~ _ iO'791~ ~
oil remains in place. At this point, it is necessary to use some type of a secondary recovery process to get the oil out of the ground.
The present invention is particularly useful in the secondary recovery of oil or hydrocarbon and the primary recovery of oil or hydrocarbon where the oil or hydrocarbon does not flow out of the bore hole naturally. For example, heavy oil in cer-tain areas requires recovery techniques to get the crude oil to the surface. The present invention may be mounted in an oil well bore hole. A fluid medium of steam, hot water, water, or a combination of steam and hot water may be forced under pressure down through the bore hole. The fluid medium may preferably be heated, such as hot water or steam, but any suitable fluid medium such as cold water may be used. Heating of the fluid medium tends to reduce the viscosity of the oil. The present invention provides a vibration effect in the fluid medium. This vibration effect or vibratory motion in the fluid medium tends to cause the oil within the formations, such as sandstone, to be freed and emulsified in the fluid medium. The emulsification is then caused, by the continual forcing of the fluid medium, such as hot water and steam, into the bore hole, to flow up through other bore holes. Vibratory motions of high intensity may be set up in the fluid medium, that is, the hot water and steam, by using concentric tubular and preferably cylindrical elements and by cascading the tubular or cylindrical element groups.
This structure will result in an efficient secondary recovery of oil.
In addition, the present invention has numerous other uses. The present invention may be used to provide a fluid with ultrasonic vibrations for use in drilling, such as in the drilling of oil wells. The p-esent invention mav also . r ~, 10'7918~
be used in fluid separation processes such as separating oil and water and in the cleaning of used oil. Furthermore, the present invention may be used in any industrial process where it is necessary or desirable to create emulsions. For example, it is necessary to create emulsions in the manufac-ture of salad dressing. The present invention may also be used to create dispersions. The present invention may find uses in many wide and varied fields including use in fog dispersion and use in causing condensation in clouds resulting in rain. These, of course, would use the fluid medium of air. The present invention may also be used in the construction industry to enable the more efficient flowing of concrete into forms. The present invention may be used in any area where it is desirable to create vibratory waves in a fluid.
S~MARY OF THE INVENTION
An advantage of the present invention is that the fluid resonator is adapted to be mounted completely within the flow stream.
Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a maximum power output for a given set of dimensional restrictions.
Another advantage of t:he present invention is ~hat it is comprised of relatively simple structural elements, and is substantially maintenance-free.
Another advantage of the present invention is that a number of basic elements may be arranged concentrically and in series or cascade to provide the desired power and frequency ranges required in the particular application of the fluid resonator.
1079~8~
Briefly and basically, the present invention comprises an apparatus for producing vibratory motion in a fluid flow using at least one tubular member mounted parallel to the direction of fluid flow.
Another embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular members, which are preferably cylindrical members, to form a composite resonator element. Resonator elements maY be cascaded in series alon~ the fluid flow path. Also, variations may be made in the structure of the resonator members, such as by varying the leading edge and the addition of sections of increasing or decreasing diameter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~IE DRAWINGS
For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there are shown in the drawings forms which are presently preferred;
it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
Figure 1 is a side elevation view, partially in cross-section, of one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation view, partially in cross-section, of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is an elevation view, partially in cross-section, of another embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 5 is an elevation view in cross-section of an-other embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 6 is a view in perspective of the leading edge of an embodiment of a cylindrical member in accordance with 1079~8~
the present invention.
Figure 7 is a view in perspective of another embodiment of a leading edge in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 8 is a view in perspective of an embodiment of a cylindrical member provided with a section of increasing diameter in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 9 is a view in perspective of another embodiment of a cylindrical member provided with a section of decreasing diameter in accordance with the pres~nt invention.
Figure 10 is a view in perspective of another embodiment of a cylindrical member provided with a section of decreasing diameter in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODI~.NTS
Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like numerals indicate like elements, there is sho~m in Figure 1, a nozzle 10 mounted within a pipe or casing 12. The casing 12 is adapted to carry a fluid flow stream in the direction of arrow 14. The pipe or casing 12 may be a pipe carrying fluid flow in an industrial emulsification process or it may be a casing or other conduit mounted in an oil well bore hole. A cylindrical or tubular member 16 is mounted with its longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of the fluid flow within casing 12 by means of rib members 18. The cylindrical member 16 is preferably provided with a knife edge 20. Member 16 and the other resonating members referred to throughout may-be interchangeably referred to as cylindrical or tubular. The members may be preferably circular in cross section, but it is understood that resonator members of various other cross-sectional sllapes may be used, for example, elliptical, irreg-ular, rectangular and square.
107918~
The fluid flow from nozzle 10 is provided with a vibratory or oscillatory motion after passing through and around cylindrical member 16. Altllougll Lhe ~heory of op-eration of the preseIIt inven.ion has not been proven, it is believed that the fluid flow emanating from the lower edge of nozzle 10 is set into vibratory oscillation at the leading edge of knife edge 20 causing the fluid flow to oscillate back and forth across leading edge 20 as shown by arrows 22 and 24. In other words, the fluid flow stream from nozzle 10 may initially be drawn to flow outside of cylindrical member 16 as shown by arrow 22. This may cause pressure differ-entials causing the flow stream to be drawn back across knife edge or leading edge 20 to flow in the direction of arrow 24. The switching or oscillating across the leading edge 20 may occur at ultrasonic frequencies. This is~
believed to result in the sonic or ultrasonic vibratory motion which is imparted to the fluid flow.
Referring now to Figure 2, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention utilizing nozzle 26 mounted within casing 2$. Fluid flow is in the direction of arrow 3~. Mounted downstream of nozzle 26 and within casing 28 are a plurality of concentrically positioned cylindrical or tubular members 32, 34, 36 and 38. The cylindrical members 32, 34, 36 and 38 are secured by means of rib members 40. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that more or less than four concentrically arranged cylindrical members mav be used. Furthermore, the selection of the diameters of cylindrical members 32 will vary de-pending upon the specific application.
~07918~
Referring now to Figure 3, there is sho~ another embodiment of the present invention wherein a second set of concentrically mounted members 42, 44, 46 and 48 are mounted in cascade downstream from the first set of cylindrical members 32, 34, 36 and 38 by a selected distance in the direction of fluid flow enabling interaction between the leading edge of members 44, 46, 48 and 50 and the fluid flow. Cylindrical or tubular members 42, 44, 46 and 48 are structurally positioned in place by means of rib mem-bers 50 and also mounted to casing 52 by means of rib members 50. Any number of additional groups of concentrically arranged tubular members may be added in series in the fluid flow ~ath depending on the desired output.
Referring now to Figure 4, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention wherein cylindrical members 54, 56, 58 and 60 are mounted within casing 62 so that their longitudinal axis is parallel to the direction of fluid flow in the direction of arrow 64. The shortest and outermost cylindrical member 60 is mounted to casing 62 by means of ribs 66.
Referring now to Figure 5, there is shown another embodiment of the present invention wherein a cylindrical or tubular member 68 is mounted within casing 70 by means of ribs 72 with its longitudinal axis parallel to the direction of the flow stream as indicated by arrow 74. Cylindrical member 68 is provided with double walls 76 and 78. Double walls 76 and 78 are closed together at 80 near the downstream end of the cylindrical member 68. The closed double wall provides significant additional vibration by creating shock waves when the fluid flow hits the closed portion 80 connecting the double walls 76 and 78. The double wall embodiment also increases the intensity of the vibration by sympathetic 107918~
vibration of the double walls or elements 76 and 78 similar to the effect created by a tuning fork.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate modifications to the embodiments of the present invention wherein the leading edges of cylindrical members are provided with variations in the direction of the fluid flow. Figure 7 illustrates a cylindrical member 82 provided with a sinusoidal varia-tion 84 in the direction of fluid flow as shown by arrow 86. In other words, the leading edge 84 varies sinus-oi~a~ly, tlle amplitude of the sinusoid being in the direction of arrow 86 for abscissa points travelling around the circumference of cylindrical member 82.
Figure 7 illustrates a block tooth shaped leading edge 88 on cylindrical member 90. It may be more clearly seen from Figure 7 that the variations in the leading edge will have an additional vibratory effect on the fluid flow.
For example, fluid flow in the direction of arrow 92 will first come in contact with the peak 94 of a tooth and, at a slightly later time, come in contact with the lower portion 96 between the teeth. This will cause pressures on the teeth causing deformations and deflections of the teeth. This, in turn, causes additional vibration in the fluid flow.
Referring now to Figure 8, there is shown a cylindrical member 98 provided with a section of increasing diameter 100.
The increasing section of the diameter 100 is illustrated as a conical section. However, it is understood that this may be of any other suitable shape, such as an exponentially increasing diameter.
Figure 9 illustrates an embodiment wherein a cylindrical member 102 is provided with a section of decreasing diameter ~079~84 Figur~ 10 illustrates an embodiment of a cylindrical element 106 provided ~ith an exponentially decreasing section lOg.
It will be apparent to those ~k~lled in the art that ~arious modifications may be made to the ~tructure of the present invention within the spirit of the teachings of the present invention. As discu~ed previo w ly, variou~ non-circular cross-s~ction m~mbers may be used. Furthermore, it i8 not n~cessary that tho elements be s~parate and distinct as indicated. For example, the central element may be com-prised of a pipe with d its cut through major portions of the sides allowing narrow portions of material tc remain for support. Likewise, a similar co~struction may be used for each of the r~mainiDg cylindrical elements. M~ny other varlations aro also possible within the scope of the pr~sent teachings. For examplo~ a ~a~ tooth ~hape may be pro~ided on the leading odgc of the cylind~ical ~mber~.
Y~riou~ othor types of support structurcs and ~arious dif~rcnt nozzle structure~ may bc used within the spirit and scope of the pre~ent invention.
In vie~ of the above, the pre~ent in~entlon may be embodied i~ oth-r specific form~ wlthout departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and~ accordingly, reference ~hould be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification as indicating thc scops of the in~ontion.
_g_
Claims (17)
1. Apparatus for producing resonant vibrations in a fluid flow, comprising: a plurality of vibrational tubular mem-bers, each tubular member having a leading and a trailing edge, said plurality of tubular members being mounted in series in the fluid flow path with their longitudinal axes substantially par-allel to the direction of fluid flow and allowing fluid flow on both sides of said tubular members, said plurality of tubular member being separated from each other by a predetermined dis-tance in the direction of fluid flow such that a separation is provided between the trailing edge of a preceeding tubular mem-ber and the leading edge of a succeeding tubular member, and means for directing fluid flow of a predetermined velocity in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the tubular members towards a leading edge of at least one of said tubular members, said tubular members being dimensioned to cause resonant vibration of the fluid flow exiting from said plurality of tubular members.
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said tubular members are circular in cross-section.
3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein at least one of said tubular members is provided with a knife edge on its loading edge.
4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including at least one additional tubular member mounted concentric with at least one of said tubular members.
5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said means for directing fluid flow towards the leading edge of at least one of said tubular members includes a nozzle.
6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein at least one of the said tubular members is provided with a leading edge which varies in the direction of the fluid flow path.
7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 wherein the leading edge of at least one of said tubular members is provided with a sinusoidal shape.
8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 wherein the leading edge of at least one of said tubular members is provided with a tooth shape.
9. Apparatus for producing resonant vibrations in a fluid flow, comprising: at least one tubular member mounted in the fluid flow path wherein said tubular member is provided with a section of varying diameter.
10. Apparatus in accordance with claim 9 wherein said tubular member is provided with a section of increasing diameter.
11. Apparatus in accordance with claim 9 wherein said tubu-lar member is provided with a section of decreasing diameter.
12. Apparatus for producing resonant vibrations in accordance with claim 1 wherein at least one of said plurality of vibrational tubular members is comprised of a tubular member with at least a partial double wall and a space or volume between the walls of said double wall being at least partially closed near its down-stream end.
13. Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 wherein said space or volume between the walls of said double wall structure being completely closed near its down-stream end.
14. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including a plura-lity of concentrically mounted tubular members, said plurality of concentric tubular members varying in length.
15. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including at least one additional tubular member mounted concentrically with at least one of said plurality of tubular members.
16. Apparatus in accordance with claim 15 in including at least one additional group of at least two concentrically mounted tubular members mounted in the fluid flow path in series with said previously recited tubular members.
17. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 which is adapted to be mounted concentrically within an oil well bore hole casing or equivalent structure in an oil well bore hole.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/541,549 US4266879A (en) | 1975-01-16 | 1975-01-16 | Fluid resonator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1079184A true CA1079184A (en) | 1980-06-10 |
Family
ID=24160054
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,090A Expired CA1079184A (en) | 1975-01-16 | 1976-01-07 | Fluid resonator |
| CA347,449A Expired CA1096298A (en) | 1975-01-16 | 1980-03-11 | Fluid resonator |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA347,449A Expired CA1096298A (en) | 1975-01-16 | 1980-03-11 | Fluid resonator |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4266879A (en) |
| CA (2) | CA1079184A (en) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5499871A (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1996-03-19 | Tecno-Bio Co., Ltd. | Device for producing liquid emulsion of hydrophobic and hydrophilic liquid |
| DE59204320D1 (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1995-12-21 | Sulzer Chemtech Ag | Mixing device for small amounts of fluid. |
| KR19990001064A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1999-01-15 | 나이또오도미히사 | Atomization Method and Apparatus |
| US5836389A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-11-17 | Wave Energy Resources | Apparatus and method for increasing production rates of immovable and unswept oil through the use of weak elastic waves |
| US7160516B2 (en) | 2002-07-30 | 2007-01-09 | Sonics & Materials, Inc. | High volume ultrasonic flow cell |
| US7819335B2 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2010-10-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Control system and method for operating an ultrasonic liquid delivery device |
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| US7963458B2 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2011-06-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid delivery device |
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| US7703698B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2010-04-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid treatment chamber and continuous flow mixing system |
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| US8622608B2 (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2014-01-07 | M-I L.L.C. | Process for mixing wellbore fluids |
| US9283188B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2016-03-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Delivery systems for delivering functional compounds to substrates and processes of using the same |
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| US7712353B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2010-05-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid treatment system |
| US7673516B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2010-03-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid treatment system |
| CN101328796B (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2011-08-24 | 汪必启 | Environment protection type wax-proof anti-scaling viscosity reduction machine |
| US7947184B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2011-05-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Treatment chamber for separating compounds from aqueous effluent |
| US7785674B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2010-08-31 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Delivery systems for delivering functional compounds to substrates and processes of using the same |
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| US8858892B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2014-10-14 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Liquid treatment system |
| US8454889B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2013-06-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Gas treatment system |
| US8632613B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2014-01-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Process for applying one or more treatment agents to a textile web |
| US20090166177A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for preparing emulsions |
| US8215822B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-07-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for preparing antimicrobial formulations |
| US7533830B1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-05-19 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Control system and method for operating an ultrasonic liquid delivery device |
| US9421504B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2016-08-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for preparing emulsions |
| US8206024B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2012-06-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for particle dispersion into formulations |
| US8057573B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2011-11-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for increasing the shelf life of formulations |
| US8163388B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2012-04-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Compositions comprising metal-modified silica nanoparticles |
| US8685178B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2014-04-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Methods of preparing metal-modified silica nanoparticles |
| WO2014113549A2 (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method and apparatus for in-well wireless control using infrasound sources |
| US9718037B2 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-08-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Mixing system for aftertreatment system |
| WO2016167666A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2016-10-20 | Resonator As | Improved oil recovery by pressure pulses |
| CN116920676B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-11-17 | 烟台拉斐尔生物科技有限公司 | Warm water vibration dissolving device for dehydrated medicine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA535259A (en) * | 1957-01-01 | J. Fontein Freerk | Process and apparatus for thickening suspensions and emulsions | |
| FR1171059A (en) * | 1957-04-10 | 1959-01-22 | Soc Fr Regulateurs Arca | Apparatus for mixing fluids by injecting one of the fluids into a pipe through which another fluid passes |
| US3232267A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1966-02-01 | Sonic Dev Corp | Sonic pressure wave generator |
| US3520362A (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1970-07-14 | Hughes Tool Co | Well stimulation method |
| US3582365A (en) * | 1970-04-27 | 1971-06-01 | Food Enterprises Inc | Method and apparatus for treating milk and other liquid products |
-
1975
- 1975-01-16 US US05/541,549 patent/US4266879A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-01-07 CA CA243,090A patent/CA1079184A/en not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-03-11 CA CA347,449A patent/CA1096298A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1096298A (en) | 1981-02-24 |
| US4266879A (en) | 1981-05-12 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |