CA1162918A - Mixing drum with a compressed air purged inlet chute - Google Patents
Mixing drum with a compressed air purged inlet chuteInfo
- Publication number
- CA1162918A CA1162918A CA000371346A CA371346A CA1162918A CA 1162918 A CA1162918 A CA 1162918A CA 000371346 A CA000371346 A CA 000371346A CA 371346 A CA371346 A CA 371346A CA 1162918 A CA1162918 A CA 1162918A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- air
- inlet
- mixing drum
- mixer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
- B01F33/402—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes comprising supplementary stirring elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/711—Feed mechanisms for feeding a mixture of components, i.e. solids in liquid, solids in a gas stream
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A continuously operating mixer for loose or flowable material. The mixer includes a cylindrical mixing drum, a shaft which rotates in the drum and is provided with mixing instruments, a feeding or supply device with an inlet chute, and structure to deflect the incoming material to be mixed in the direction of the axis of the mixing drum, which in an end region thereof has a mixed material discharge. A nozzle-like air inlet channel, which conveys a compressed air flow, opens into the lower region of the inlet chute; an injection channel is connected to the air inlet channel and is directed toward the inlet opening of the mixing drum; this injection channel is flow-connected with an air suction channel which faces away from the inlet opening of the mixing drum; and these channels are consecutively subjected to the air flow of at least one blower.
A continuously operating mixer for loose or flowable material. The mixer includes a cylindrical mixing drum, a shaft which rotates in the drum and is provided with mixing instruments, a feeding or supply device with an inlet chute, and structure to deflect the incoming material to be mixed in the direction of the axis of the mixing drum, which in an end region thereof has a mixed material discharge. A nozzle-like air inlet channel, which conveys a compressed air flow, opens into the lower region of the inlet chute; an injection channel is connected to the air inlet channel and is directed toward the inlet opening of the mixing drum; this injection channel is flow-connected with an air suction channel which faces away from the inlet opening of the mixing drum; and these channels are consecutively subjected to the air flow of at least one blower.
Description
~ ~ ~2~31B
The present invention relates to a continuously operating mixer for loose or flowable material, and includes a cylindrical mixing drum, a shaft which rotates in the drum and is provided with mixing instruments, a feed or supply device with an inlet chute, and means for deflec~ing or diverting the arriving material to be mixed from an entry direction to a direction more axially of the mixing drum, which has a discharge for the mixed material in its end region.
~ ixers of this type are suitable for mixing a great variety of material~, including small and ~ery small particles, for instance fibers of synthetic material, lignin cellulose containing materials, granulate, chip part-icles, and the like. These mixers are generally simultaneously equipped with adevice for wetting the material to be mixed with fluids or liquids, for example softeners, ~ater, glue, adhesive3 or the like. The supply or feeding of the ~luid or liquid can occur either from the outside b~ way of small tubes which pass through the cylinder wall of the mixer, or can occur from the inside by way of the central drive shaft.
~ ith known mixers of this type, strong impact or crushing effects on the material to be mixed occur in the region of the inlet zone ~or in a ring-forming zone ~hich is present ~ith ring or rotar~ mixers~ since this material to be mixed must be picked up at great speed from the essentially tangential direct-2Q ion of entry by the instruments ~hich rotate at high speed ~ith tha mixer shaft,and must be deflected and accelerated into an essentially axial direction, i.e.
in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical mixer drum. If a so-called ring or rotary mixer is used, then th~ material must be deflected in such a way that if possible directl~ behind the inlet opening of the material into the cylindrical mixer drum there can be formed a rapidly rotating ring of material to be mixed on the inner wall of the mixer drum. The mixer tools or instruments, which with the known mixers rotate in the region of the inlet and ring-forming ~ 1~2~
~ones, impact or strike the incoming material to be mixed at great speed. The material to be mixed is consequently subjected to strong extcrior and interior friction, par~icularl~ to undesired impact and crushing stress. As a result, destruction of the structure o the particles of material to be mixed occurs, which is disadvantageous with certain materials~ for example synthetic material granulates of prescribed particle size, fibers, chip particles, etc., since such changes or destruction of the particle structure can lead to an unacceptable reduction of quality of the end product, for example with the production of chip or particle board. If the material to be mixed is to be wetted with liquid or fluid, for example glue or adhesive, and undesirably high glue or adhesive consumption occurs as a consequence of the enlargement of the surace of the particles to be mixed.
It is an object o the present invention to embody a mixer of the initially mentioned type in such a way that the loose or flowable material to be mixed, and which is to be introduced into the mixer, is deflected or diverted under the effect of a directed air flow from the incoming direction of the mater-ial prescribed by the inlet chute into a direction more closely parallel to the axis of the mixer drum in such a ~a~ that the material is guided into the mixer drum in the direction of rotation of the instruments arranged on the mixer shaf~
2Q without destruction of the material structure by crushing or impact action.
According to the invention there is provided a continuously operating mixer for loose or flowa~le material, said mixer comprising;a cylindrical mixing drum, which at a first end region thereof is provided with an inlet opening for ma-terial to be mixed, and at a second end region thereof is provided with an outlet for mixed material; a mixer shaft ~hich rotates in said drum and is provided ~ith mixing instruments; a feed device located in the vicinit~ of said first end region of said drum and having an inlet chute, with a lower end segment,
The present invention relates to a continuously operating mixer for loose or flowable material, and includes a cylindrical mixing drum, a shaft which rotates in the drum and is provided with mixing instruments, a feed or supply device with an inlet chute, and means for deflec~ing or diverting the arriving material to be mixed from an entry direction to a direction more axially of the mixing drum, which has a discharge for the mixed material in its end region.
~ ixers of this type are suitable for mixing a great variety of material~, including small and ~ery small particles, for instance fibers of synthetic material, lignin cellulose containing materials, granulate, chip part-icles, and the like. These mixers are generally simultaneously equipped with adevice for wetting the material to be mixed with fluids or liquids, for example softeners, ~ater, glue, adhesive3 or the like. The supply or feeding of the ~luid or liquid can occur either from the outside b~ way of small tubes which pass through the cylinder wall of the mixer, or can occur from the inside by way of the central drive shaft.
~ ith known mixers of this type, strong impact or crushing effects on the material to be mixed occur in the region of the inlet zone ~or in a ring-forming zone ~hich is present ~ith ring or rotar~ mixers~ since this material to be mixed must be picked up at great speed from the essentially tangential direct-2Q ion of entry by the instruments ~hich rotate at high speed ~ith tha mixer shaft,and must be deflected and accelerated into an essentially axial direction, i.e.
in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical mixer drum. If a so-called ring or rotary mixer is used, then th~ material must be deflected in such a way that if possible directl~ behind the inlet opening of the material into the cylindrical mixer drum there can be formed a rapidly rotating ring of material to be mixed on the inner wall of the mixer drum. The mixer tools or instruments, which with the known mixers rotate in the region of the inlet and ring-forming ~ 1~2~
~ones, impact or strike the incoming material to be mixed at great speed. The material to be mixed is consequently subjected to strong extcrior and interior friction, par~icularl~ to undesired impact and crushing stress. As a result, destruction of the structure o the particles of material to be mixed occurs, which is disadvantageous with certain materials~ for example synthetic material granulates of prescribed particle size, fibers, chip particles, etc., since such changes or destruction of the particle structure can lead to an unacceptable reduction of quality of the end product, for example with the production of chip or particle board. If the material to be mixed is to be wetted with liquid or fluid, for example glue or adhesive, and undesirably high glue or adhesive consumption occurs as a consequence of the enlargement of the surace of the particles to be mixed.
It is an object o the present invention to embody a mixer of the initially mentioned type in such a way that the loose or flowable material to be mixed, and which is to be introduced into the mixer, is deflected or diverted under the effect of a directed air flow from the incoming direction of the mater-ial prescribed by the inlet chute into a direction more closely parallel to the axis of the mixer drum in such a ~a~ that the material is guided into the mixer drum in the direction of rotation of the instruments arranged on the mixer shaf~
2Q without destruction of the material structure by crushing or impact action.
According to the invention there is provided a continuously operating mixer for loose or flowa~le material, said mixer comprising;a cylindrical mixing drum, which at a first end region thereof is provided with an inlet opening for ma-terial to be mixed, and at a second end region thereof is provided with an outlet for mixed material; a mixer shaft ~hich rotates in said drum and is provided ~ith mixing instruments; a feed device located in the vicinit~ of said first end region of said drum and having an inlet chute, with a lower end segment,
-2-2 ~
for delivering said material to he mixed; a nozzle~like air inlet channel for guiding a flow of compressed air, said air inlet channel opening into said lowerend segment of said inlet chute; an injection channel,which is directed toward said inlet opening of said mixing drum, said injection channel communicating with said lower end segment of said inlet chute, and with said air inlet channel, for receiving material to be mixed, and compressed air; means arranged in said injection channel for deflecting incoming material to be mixed from an entry direction to a direction more axially of said mixing drum; an air-suction channel ~hich :Eaces a~ay from said inlet opening of said mixing drum, sai.d air-suctionchannel being flow-connected with said inJ.ection channel; and at least one bla~er associated with sai.~ mixing drum for producing an air flo~ said air inlet channel, said injection channel, and said air-suction channel being conseclltively subjected to the air flow of said at least one blower.
The above object, and other objects and advantages of the present invention, ~ill appear more clearly from the follo~ing specifi.cation in connection ~ith the àccompanying drawings, in which:
Pigure 1 is a side view of an inventive drum ~barrel) mixer having an inlet chute and a material outlet or discharge opening located at the other end of the mixer;
Figure 2 is a front view of the mixer of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a section taken along line III-III of Flgure l;
and Figure ~ is a section taken along line I~-IV of Figure 3.
~he mixer of the present invention is characterized primarily in that a nozzle-like air inlet channel, which guides a compressed air flo~, opens into the lo~Yer region of the inlet chute; an injection channel, which is directed to~ard the inlet opening of the mixing drum, is connected to the air inlet
for delivering said material to he mixed; a nozzle~like air inlet channel for guiding a flow of compressed air, said air inlet channel opening into said lowerend segment of said inlet chute; an injection channel,which is directed toward said inlet opening of said mixing drum, said injection channel communicating with said lower end segment of said inlet chute, and with said air inlet channel, for receiving material to be mixed, and compressed air; means arranged in said injection channel for deflecting incoming material to be mixed from an entry direction to a direction more axially of said mixing drum; an air-suction channel ~hich :Eaces a~ay from said inlet opening of said mixing drum, sai.d air-suctionchannel being flow-connected with said inJ.ection channel; and at least one bla~er associated with sai.~ mixing drum for producing an air flo~ said air inlet channel, said injection channel, and said air-suction channel being conseclltively subjected to the air flow of said at least one blower.
The above object, and other objects and advantages of the present invention, ~ill appear more clearly from the follo~ing specifi.cation in connection ~ith the àccompanying drawings, in which:
Pigure 1 is a side view of an inventive drum ~barrel) mixer having an inlet chute and a material outlet or discharge opening located at the other end of the mixer;
Figure 2 is a front view of the mixer of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a section taken along line III-III of Flgure l;
and Figure ~ is a section taken along line I~-IV of Figure 3.
~he mixer of the present invention is characterized primarily in that a nozzle-like air inlet channel, which guides a compressed air flo~, opens into the lo~Yer region of the inlet chute; an injection channel, which is directed to~ard the inlet opening of the mixing drum, is connected to the air inlet
-3-'~ 162C~8 channel; this injection channel is connected aerodynamically or from a flow standpoint with an air-suction channel which faces away from the inlet opening of the mixing drum; and these channels are Consecutively subjected to the air flow of at least one blower.
According to further advantageous features of the present invention, the nozzle-like air inlet channel may open into a fulmel-shaped, tapered end segment of the inlet chute. The end segment may have a quadrilateral horizontal cross section into which the air inlet channel opens over the entire width of the inlet chute. The injection channel may extend helically in a direction toward the inlet opening of the drumJ and may be limited by an appropriately curved deflector or guide plate in such a way *hat the injection channel opens into the drum in the rotational direction of the mixer shaft. The air-suction channel ma~ be coaxial to the mixer shaft, and ma~ be formed by a pipe or tube which is open to~ard the inlet opening. The air-suction channel, on that side facing away from the inlet opening, ma~ open into a suction chamber connected to the suction side of the blower. An annular diaphragm may be arranged between the ~uction tube and the ~Yall of the drum in the region of the inlet opening.
The discharge opening of the injection channel may terminate in the region of the annular diaphragmJ with the injection channel being formed by the ou~er ~all of ~he suction tube, the inner wall of the mixing drum, and the guide plate, which extends ~elically forward; preferably, the injection channel is kapered in the manner of a funnel in the direction toward the interior of the drum. At least one blade or paddle, which rotates with ~he shaft, may, in the direction of ~lo~ of the material to be mixed, be arranged after the amlular dia-phragm and the discharge opening of the injection channel in the direction of the material outlet or discharge opening of the drum.
The pressure side of the blower, for the purpose of branching off ~ .~
~ 1~2~
a partial air flo~ into the inlet chute, may be flow-connected with the inlet chute. Nozzles may be arranged in the inlet chute in the region above the funnel-shaped end segment for introducing a par~ial compressed-air flow. Air-guide plates may be arranged in the region of and behind the nozzle in such a way that the compressed-air flow coming from the blower is guided into the rounding or curvature of the mixing drum after discharge from the injection channel. A
closed circuit may be formed by the suction chamber (with the intake connection of the blo~er), the channel ~ith the nozzle, the injection channel, and the suc-tion channel.
The inventive mixer may be opera~ed in such a way that the particles of the material to be mixed may be accelerated b~ the compressed air flow in such a manner that in the region of the inlet opening of the injection channel into the drum, these particles have the same peripheral speed as the instruments rotating in the mixer.
B~ ~a~ of the inventive embodiment of the mixer, the material which is to be mixed and which arrives by ~ay of ~he inlet chute is deflected, guided, and accelerated by compressed air flo~, while avoiding the use of mechanically operating tools, for example rotating collecting tools, in such a way that the material enters the mixer in an at least substantiall~ axial direction and in the 2a at least substantially identical rotational direction as the direction of rota-tion of the instruments in the mixer, ~ithout under such circumstances leading to undesired turbulence of the air which guides the material particles and which has been accelerated to the necessar~ speed of the rotating instruments. Further-more, by t~ay of the present invention, the previously conventional tools of the so-called collecting zone ~collecti.ng tools), which are subjected to continuous ~éar and are complicated in construction, are made needless and unnecessary. The material to be mixed is consequentl~ no longer subjected to the kno~n friction 219 ~ ~
and crushing action ~hich previously led to the undesired destruction of the structure of the particles of the material to be mixed.
Referring no~ to the dra~ings in detail, the mixer of Figures 1 and 2 has a mixing drum 7 ~hich is divided in the middle and has a hinged cover 1 capable ofbeing s~ung open or raised. A mixer shaft 14 drlven b~ a motor 16 rotates in the cylindrical mixing drum 7. Mixing instruments not illustrated in detail are located on the mixer shaft 1~. The material to be mixed drops in the direction of the arro~ FG through an inlet chute 9 which has a preferably quadri-lateral horizontal cross section, and has a funnel-shaped end segment 9' in the lo~er portion thereof. A no~zle-like air inlet channel 2 i5 inventivel~ provided above the narro~est part of th~s funnel-shaped end segment ~'. The jet or nozzle 2' of the air inle~ passage 2 opens into the inlet chute 9 over the entire width thereof. The compressed or pressurized air flo~Ying through the nozzle-like channel 2 enters over the entire ~Yidth of the inlet chute 9 at high speed by means of the nozzle or jet 2'. The compressed air mixes ~Yith the dropping mater-ial to be mixed, and passes into an injection channel 3 which is disposed in the lo~er part of the drum 7 along the wall 7' of the drum at an incline to the act-ual inlet opening 15 to the mixing chamber of the drum 7 ~see Figure ~). The arro~s FL in Figures 3 and 4 of the dra~ings sho~ the floly direction of the pres-sure guided air, and the arrolys FG represent the direction of movement of thematerial particles ~Yithin the pressure air -flo~.
As is apparent from Figure 3, the material particles FG sho~n in k~ section o~ Figure 3 and represented by points surrounded by circles, move for~ardl~ out of the plane of the dralying. As a consequence of the fact that the injection channel 3 inventivel~ extends to~Yard the drum inlek opening 15 in a helical path from A to B and is limited rear~ardly by an appropriately bent de-fleckor or guide plate 6~ there results that the injectioh channel 3 opens into 1 1~2~1~
the drum 7 in the rotational direction of the mixer shaft 14~ and accordingly inthe rotational direction of the instruments, particularly a blade or paddle 8, arranged on the mixer shaft 14 ~see Figure 4~.
The material dropping ln the inlet chute 9 is broken up or loosened by the air strearn entering by way of the no~zle 2', and accordingly passes to-gether with the compressed air through the nearly helical, forwardly directed injection channel 3, at the front end of ~hich the material, as a consequence of the direction and speed obtained hereby, discharges axially into the mixing drum 7 with a speed ~hich approximates the rotating speed of the rotating paddle 8.
Consequently, crushing or impacts of the material, ~hich comprises solid particl-es, is avoided upon collision ~ith the rotating paddle 8 and the remaining instru-ments ~hich are fastened to the sha~t 14. The injec~ion channel 3 is limited imYardly to~ard the shaft 14 by a suction tube 4 which coaxially surrounds the shaft 14. This suction tube 4 surrounds an air-suction channel 4' which extends inside the suction tube 4, coaxial ~ith the mixer shaft, rom the inlet opening 15 rear~ardly in conformity to the direction o:E the arrows FL and opposite to the direction of movement V of the particles of material to be mixed. The air leav-ing the injection channel 3 is reversed or deflected by 180 in this suction passage 4' as a consequence of the strong suction effect of the blower o~ fan 11, ~o that ~ ~hirling of this air ~ithin the actual dru~ 7 is avoided, and accord-ingly an undesired influencing of the particles of material entering this drum 7 is avoided. According to Figure 3, the air, in conformity to the arrous FI, flo~s ~ithin the helical injection channel 3~ ~hich is directed forwardly toward the mixer drum, is accordingly sharply reversed or deflected in the region of the front end-segment o~ the suction tube 4, and is accordingly hindered from a furt~er flo~ing into the drum region. The air flows along the direction of the arro~s FL coaxially to the shaft 14 into a suction chamber 1l ~see Figure 4~, .
~ ~2918 from which the air flow passes to the blower 11, by way of the suction or intake connection 12, and from there, back into the circuit to the noz~le-l.ike channel 2, and, by wa~ of the noz~le ~', again to the injection channel 3. In Figure 3, the flow of the air ~ithin the suction tube ~ is indicated with symbols (x in a circle). The curved arrows FL, in the direction toward the shaft 1~, show the air flow in the region of the front end face o :the tube ~ at the reversing or deflecting location.
The air-suction channel 4', on that side facing away rom the inlet opening 15, opens into the suction chamber 1', which is connected to the suction side of the blower 11.
A diaphragm ring 5 is arranged bet~een the suction tube 4 and the wal]. of the drum 7 in the upper region of~the inlet opening 15 toward the mixing drum 7; the diaphragm ring 5 reduces the suction cross section and prevents a penetration of particles of material to be mixed into the suction chamber 1' located before the intake connection 12. The air flows back to the blower 11 in conformity wit}l the arro~s FL sho~n in Figure ~, and from there the air flows fro~ the pressure side of the blo~er back into the nozzle-like channel 2, and by wa~ of the nozzle 2' into the injection channel 3. As a consequence of the arrangement of the annular diaphragm, the opening of the injection channel 3, 2a which is formed by the outer ~all of the suction tube ~, the inner ~all of the mixing drum 7, and the guide plate 6 which extends helicall~ forwardly, terminates in the region of the annular diaphragm 5. Furthermore, when viewed in the direc-tion of flow of the material to be mixed, at least one blade or paddle 8, which ro~ates ~th the shaft 1~, is provided after the annular diaphragm 5 and the ~pening qf t~e injection channel 3 in the direction of the material outlet or dischaxge opening 13. The paddle 8 picks up the arriving material particles and brings them into a desired helical rotational movement, which is directed toward ~ ~2~ 8 the material discharge 13, along the inner ~all of the drum 7.
The pressure side of tlle blower 11 is advantageously -flow-connected with the inlet chute 9 by way of a connecting channel for the purpose of branch-ing-off or diverting a partial air -flow into the inlet chute 9. Jets or nozzles lO~see Figure 3) are advantageously provided at the opening location of this connecting channel. These nozzles 10 open directly above the funnel-shaped end segment 9' into the inlet chute 9 in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 3, i.e., in a downNard direction. Consequently, there already occurs a first loosening of the material in a down~ard direction toward the inlet openlng of the injection channel 3, so that blocking of the material in the region of the restricted or narrowed cross section 9'of the inlet chute 9 is substantially avoided.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, provision is made so that the air flo~ of the blower 11 is guided in the region of the nozzle 2' by air-guiding plates (not illustrated in detail~ in such a ~ay that the compressed air flo~ FL coming from the blower 11 is guided into the curvature of the mixing drum 7 after discharge from the injection channel 3.
As already set forth, the suction chamber li with the intake connection 12 to the blower 11, the channel Z Nith the nozzle 2', the injection channel 3J a~d the suction channel 4' form a closed circuit~ so that the air discharging from the pressure side of the blower 11 continuously arrives with a desired high speed, by way of the nozzle-like channel 2 and the nozzle 2', after mixing Nith the ma~erial particles, into the injection channel 3, which extends in a funnel-like manner and helically winds in the rotational direction of the instruments ~ into the drum 7, from ~here the material particles enter the drum 7 in a controlled direction and, as a consequence of the arrangement of the ~uction tube 4 in connection with the diaphragm 5, are separated from the ' .
1 ~2g~8 compressed air flo~, which is suctioned off in ~he opposite direction by means of the channel ~'. The arriving material to be mixed is then taken over by the instrument 8 and is further transported in the direction toward the discharge 13.
Due to the special arrangement of the suction tube 4 concentrically with the shaft 14, the air i5 suctioned only in the vicinity of the shaft and, because of the centrifugal effects of the rotating mixing instruments, in a region free of mixing material.
The air volume and the flo~ speed of the air can be control]ed or r~gulated, in conformity to the particular conditions of th~ material to be mixed, by a suitable deviceJ for example a thro~tle valve. As a result, the particles of material to be mixed are accelerated by the air ~low to such an exten-~ that the speed of the particles themselves corresponds approximately to tha~ of the rotating instruments 8 mounted on the shaft 14. The helical movement of the mix-ture presses the material to be mixed, with onLy minimal speed diferences bet-ween the material to ~e mixed and the instruments 8, into the drum 7 of the mixer, withQut under such circumstances having the material particles subjected to destructive crushing forces or impact forces. The front view of the mixer illus-trated in Figure 2 schematically sho~s the blower 11, the intake connection 12, as ~ell as the injection connection leading from the blower 11 to the channel 2.
Accordingl~, it is seen that the blo~er 11 can advantageously be embodied as a co~mterweight for the hinged upper part of the mixer cover.
The present invention is, of course~ in no wa~ restricted to the specific disclosure of the specification and drawings~ but also en~ompasses any modifications ~ithin the scope of the appended claims.
~lQ-
According to further advantageous features of the present invention, the nozzle-like air inlet channel may open into a fulmel-shaped, tapered end segment of the inlet chute. The end segment may have a quadrilateral horizontal cross section into which the air inlet channel opens over the entire width of the inlet chute. The injection channel may extend helically in a direction toward the inlet opening of the drumJ and may be limited by an appropriately curved deflector or guide plate in such a way *hat the injection channel opens into the drum in the rotational direction of the mixer shaft. The air-suction channel ma~ be coaxial to the mixer shaft, and ma~ be formed by a pipe or tube which is open to~ard the inlet opening. The air-suction channel, on that side facing away from the inlet opening, ma~ open into a suction chamber connected to the suction side of the blower. An annular diaphragm may be arranged between the ~uction tube and the ~Yall of the drum in the region of the inlet opening.
The discharge opening of the injection channel may terminate in the region of the annular diaphragmJ with the injection channel being formed by the ou~er ~all of ~he suction tube, the inner wall of the mixing drum, and the guide plate, which extends ~elically forward; preferably, the injection channel is kapered in the manner of a funnel in the direction toward the interior of the drum. At least one blade or paddle, which rotates with ~he shaft, may, in the direction of ~lo~ of the material to be mixed, be arranged after the amlular dia-phragm and the discharge opening of the injection channel in the direction of the material outlet or discharge opening of the drum.
The pressure side of the blower, for the purpose of branching off ~ .~
~ 1~2~
a partial air flo~ into the inlet chute, may be flow-connected with the inlet chute. Nozzles may be arranged in the inlet chute in the region above the funnel-shaped end segment for introducing a par~ial compressed-air flow. Air-guide plates may be arranged in the region of and behind the nozzle in such a way that the compressed-air flow coming from the blower is guided into the rounding or curvature of the mixing drum after discharge from the injection channel. A
closed circuit may be formed by the suction chamber (with the intake connection of the blo~er), the channel ~ith the nozzle, the injection channel, and the suc-tion channel.
The inventive mixer may be opera~ed in such a way that the particles of the material to be mixed may be accelerated b~ the compressed air flow in such a manner that in the region of the inlet opening of the injection channel into the drum, these particles have the same peripheral speed as the instruments rotating in the mixer.
B~ ~a~ of the inventive embodiment of the mixer, the material which is to be mixed and which arrives by ~ay of ~he inlet chute is deflected, guided, and accelerated by compressed air flo~, while avoiding the use of mechanically operating tools, for example rotating collecting tools, in such a way that the material enters the mixer in an at least substantiall~ axial direction and in the 2a at least substantially identical rotational direction as the direction of rota-tion of the instruments in the mixer, ~ithout under such circumstances leading to undesired turbulence of the air which guides the material particles and which has been accelerated to the necessar~ speed of the rotating instruments. Further-more, by t~ay of the present invention, the previously conventional tools of the so-called collecting zone ~collecti.ng tools), which are subjected to continuous ~éar and are complicated in construction, are made needless and unnecessary. The material to be mixed is consequentl~ no longer subjected to the kno~n friction 219 ~ ~
and crushing action ~hich previously led to the undesired destruction of the structure of the particles of the material to be mixed.
Referring no~ to the dra~ings in detail, the mixer of Figures 1 and 2 has a mixing drum 7 ~hich is divided in the middle and has a hinged cover 1 capable ofbeing s~ung open or raised. A mixer shaft 14 drlven b~ a motor 16 rotates in the cylindrical mixing drum 7. Mixing instruments not illustrated in detail are located on the mixer shaft 1~. The material to be mixed drops in the direction of the arro~ FG through an inlet chute 9 which has a preferably quadri-lateral horizontal cross section, and has a funnel-shaped end segment 9' in the lo~er portion thereof. A no~zle-like air inlet channel 2 i5 inventivel~ provided above the narro~est part of th~s funnel-shaped end segment ~'. The jet or nozzle 2' of the air inle~ passage 2 opens into the inlet chute 9 over the entire width thereof. The compressed or pressurized air flo~Ying through the nozzle-like channel 2 enters over the entire ~Yidth of the inlet chute 9 at high speed by means of the nozzle or jet 2'. The compressed air mixes ~Yith the dropping mater-ial to be mixed, and passes into an injection channel 3 which is disposed in the lo~er part of the drum 7 along the wall 7' of the drum at an incline to the act-ual inlet opening 15 to the mixing chamber of the drum 7 ~see Figure ~). The arro~s FL in Figures 3 and 4 of the dra~ings sho~ the floly direction of the pres-sure guided air, and the arrolys FG represent the direction of movement of thematerial particles ~Yithin the pressure air -flo~.
As is apparent from Figure 3, the material particles FG sho~n in k~ section o~ Figure 3 and represented by points surrounded by circles, move for~ardl~ out of the plane of the dralying. As a consequence of the fact that the injection channel 3 inventivel~ extends to~Yard the drum inlek opening 15 in a helical path from A to B and is limited rear~ardly by an appropriately bent de-fleckor or guide plate 6~ there results that the injectioh channel 3 opens into 1 1~2~1~
the drum 7 in the rotational direction of the mixer shaft 14~ and accordingly inthe rotational direction of the instruments, particularly a blade or paddle 8, arranged on the mixer shaft 14 ~see Figure 4~.
The material dropping ln the inlet chute 9 is broken up or loosened by the air strearn entering by way of the no~zle 2', and accordingly passes to-gether with the compressed air through the nearly helical, forwardly directed injection channel 3, at the front end of ~hich the material, as a consequence of the direction and speed obtained hereby, discharges axially into the mixing drum 7 with a speed ~hich approximates the rotating speed of the rotating paddle 8.
Consequently, crushing or impacts of the material, ~hich comprises solid particl-es, is avoided upon collision ~ith the rotating paddle 8 and the remaining instru-ments ~hich are fastened to the sha~t 14. The injec~ion channel 3 is limited imYardly to~ard the shaft 14 by a suction tube 4 which coaxially surrounds the shaft 14. This suction tube 4 surrounds an air-suction channel 4' which extends inside the suction tube 4, coaxial ~ith the mixer shaft, rom the inlet opening 15 rear~ardly in conformity to the direction o:E the arrows FL and opposite to the direction of movement V of the particles of material to be mixed. The air leav-ing the injection channel 3 is reversed or deflected by 180 in this suction passage 4' as a consequence of the strong suction effect of the blower o~ fan 11, ~o that ~ ~hirling of this air ~ithin the actual dru~ 7 is avoided, and accord-ingly an undesired influencing of the particles of material entering this drum 7 is avoided. According to Figure 3, the air, in conformity to the arrous FI, flo~s ~ithin the helical injection channel 3~ ~hich is directed forwardly toward the mixer drum, is accordingly sharply reversed or deflected in the region of the front end-segment o~ the suction tube 4, and is accordingly hindered from a furt~er flo~ing into the drum region. The air flows along the direction of the arro~s FL coaxially to the shaft 14 into a suction chamber 1l ~see Figure 4~, .
~ ~2918 from which the air flow passes to the blower 11, by way of the suction or intake connection 12, and from there, back into the circuit to the noz~le-l.ike channel 2, and, by wa~ of the noz~le ~', again to the injection channel 3. In Figure 3, the flow of the air ~ithin the suction tube ~ is indicated with symbols (x in a circle). The curved arrows FL, in the direction toward the shaft 1~, show the air flow in the region of the front end face o :the tube ~ at the reversing or deflecting location.
The air-suction channel 4', on that side facing away rom the inlet opening 15, opens into the suction chamber 1', which is connected to the suction side of the blower 11.
A diaphragm ring 5 is arranged bet~een the suction tube 4 and the wal]. of the drum 7 in the upper region of~the inlet opening 15 toward the mixing drum 7; the diaphragm ring 5 reduces the suction cross section and prevents a penetration of particles of material to be mixed into the suction chamber 1' located before the intake connection 12. The air flows back to the blower 11 in conformity wit}l the arro~s FL sho~n in Figure ~, and from there the air flows fro~ the pressure side of the blo~er back into the nozzle-like channel 2, and by wa~ of the nozzle 2' into the injection channel 3. As a consequence of the arrangement of the annular diaphragm, the opening of the injection channel 3, 2a which is formed by the outer ~all of the suction tube ~, the inner ~all of the mixing drum 7, and the guide plate 6 which extends helicall~ forwardly, terminates in the region of the annular diaphragm 5. Furthermore, when viewed in the direc-tion of flow of the material to be mixed, at least one blade or paddle 8, which ro~ates ~th the shaft 1~, is provided after the annular diaphragm 5 and the ~pening qf t~e injection channel 3 in the direction of the material outlet or dischaxge opening 13. The paddle 8 picks up the arriving material particles and brings them into a desired helical rotational movement, which is directed toward ~ ~2~ 8 the material discharge 13, along the inner ~all of the drum 7.
The pressure side of tlle blower 11 is advantageously -flow-connected with the inlet chute 9 by way of a connecting channel for the purpose of branch-ing-off or diverting a partial air -flow into the inlet chute 9. Jets or nozzles lO~see Figure 3) are advantageously provided at the opening location of this connecting channel. These nozzles 10 open directly above the funnel-shaped end segment 9' into the inlet chute 9 in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 3, i.e., in a downNard direction. Consequently, there already occurs a first loosening of the material in a down~ard direction toward the inlet openlng of the injection channel 3, so that blocking of the material in the region of the restricted or narrowed cross section 9'of the inlet chute 9 is substantially avoided.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, provision is made so that the air flo~ of the blower 11 is guided in the region of the nozzle 2' by air-guiding plates (not illustrated in detail~ in such a ~ay that the compressed air flo~ FL coming from the blower 11 is guided into the curvature of the mixing drum 7 after discharge from the injection channel 3.
As already set forth, the suction chamber li with the intake connection 12 to the blower 11, the channel Z Nith the nozzle 2', the injection channel 3J a~d the suction channel 4' form a closed circuit~ so that the air discharging from the pressure side of the blower 11 continuously arrives with a desired high speed, by way of the nozzle-like channel 2 and the nozzle 2', after mixing Nith the ma~erial particles, into the injection channel 3, which extends in a funnel-like manner and helically winds in the rotational direction of the instruments ~ into the drum 7, from ~here the material particles enter the drum 7 in a controlled direction and, as a consequence of the arrangement of the ~uction tube 4 in connection with the diaphragm 5, are separated from the ' .
1 ~2g~8 compressed air flo~, which is suctioned off in ~he opposite direction by means of the channel ~'. The arriving material to be mixed is then taken over by the instrument 8 and is further transported in the direction toward the discharge 13.
Due to the special arrangement of the suction tube 4 concentrically with the shaft 14, the air i5 suctioned only in the vicinity of the shaft and, because of the centrifugal effects of the rotating mixing instruments, in a region free of mixing material.
The air volume and the flo~ speed of the air can be control]ed or r~gulated, in conformity to the particular conditions of th~ material to be mixed, by a suitable deviceJ for example a thro~tle valve. As a result, the particles of material to be mixed are accelerated by the air ~low to such an exten-~ that the speed of the particles themselves corresponds approximately to tha~ of the rotating instruments 8 mounted on the shaft 14. The helical movement of the mix-ture presses the material to be mixed, with onLy minimal speed diferences bet-ween the material to ~e mixed and the instruments 8, into the drum 7 of the mixer, withQut under such circumstances having the material particles subjected to destructive crushing forces or impact forces. The front view of the mixer illus-trated in Figure 2 schematically sho~s the blower 11, the intake connection 12, as ~ell as the injection connection leading from the blower 11 to the channel 2.
Accordingl~, it is seen that the blo~er 11 can advantageously be embodied as a co~mterweight for the hinged upper part of the mixer cover.
The present invention is, of course~ in no wa~ restricted to the specific disclosure of the specification and drawings~ but also en~ompasses any modifications ~ithin the scope of the appended claims.
~lQ-
Claims (15)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A continuously operating mixer for loose or flowable material, said mixer comprising:
a cylindrical mixing drum, which at a first end region thereof is provided with an inlet opening for material to be mixed, and at a second end region thereof is provided with an outlet for mixed material;
a mixer shaft which rotates in said drum and is provided with mixing instruments;
a feed device located in the vicinity of said first end region of said drum and having an inlet chute, with a lower end segment, for delivering said material to be mixed;
a nozzle-like air inlet channel for guiding a flow of compressed air, said air inlet channel opening into said lower end segment of said inlet chute;
an injection channel, which is directed toward said inlet opening of said mixing drum, said injection channel communicating with said lower end segment of said inlet chute, and with said air inlet channel, for receiving material to be mixed, and compressed air;
means arranged in said injection channel for deflecting incoming material to be mixed from an entry direction to a direction more axially of said mixing drum;
an air-suction channel which faces away from said inlet opening of said mixing drum, said air-suction channel being flow-connected with said injec-tion channel; and at least one blower associated with said mixing drum for producing an air flow, said air inlet channel, said injection channel, and said air-suction .11.
channel being consecutively subjected to the air flow of said at least one blower.
a cylindrical mixing drum, which at a first end region thereof is provided with an inlet opening for material to be mixed, and at a second end region thereof is provided with an outlet for mixed material;
a mixer shaft which rotates in said drum and is provided with mixing instruments;
a feed device located in the vicinity of said first end region of said drum and having an inlet chute, with a lower end segment, for delivering said material to be mixed;
a nozzle-like air inlet channel for guiding a flow of compressed air, said air inlet channel opening into said lower end segment of said inlet chute;
an injection channel, which is directed toward said inlet opening of said mixing drum, said injection channel communicating with said lower end segment of said inlet chute, and with said air inlet channel, for receiving material to be mixed, and compressed air;
means arranged in said injection channel for deflecting incoming material to be mixed from an entry direction to a direction more axially of said mixing drum;
an air-suction channel which faces away from said inlet opening of said mixing drum, said air-suction channel being flow-connected with said injec-tion channel; and at least one blower associated with said mixing drum for producing an air flow, said air inlet channel, said injection channel, and said air-suction .11.
channel being consecutively subjected to the air flow of said at least one blower.
2. A mixer according to claim 1, in which said end segment of said inlet chute is funnel-shaped and tapers toward said injection channel.
3. A mixer according to claim 2, in which said end segment of said inlet chute has a quadrilateral horizontal cross section into which said air in-let channel opens over the entire width of said inlet chute.
4. A mixer according to claim 3, in which said injection channel ex-tends helically toward said inlet opening of said drum, and in which said means for deflecting incoming material to be mixed is an appropriately curved guide plate, said guide plate limiting said injection channel in such a way that said injection channel opens into said drum in the direction of rotation of said mixer shaft.
5. A mixer according to claim 4, in which said air-suction channel is formed by a suction tube which is coaxial to said mixer shaft and is open toward said inlet opening.
6. A mixer according to claim 5, which includes a suction chamber connected to the suction side of said blower, and in which that side of said air-suction channel which faces away from said inlet opening opens into said suction chamber.
7. A mixer according to claim 6, in which said mixing drum includes a wall located radially outwardly of said suction tube, and which includes an annular diaphragm arranged between said suction tube and said wall of said drum in the radially outer region of said inlet opening.
.12.
.12.
8. A mixer according to claim 7, in which said injection channel has a discharge opening toward the axis of said mixing drum formed by said suction tube, said wall of said mixing drum, and said curved guide plate, said discharge opening of said injection channel terminating in the region of said annular diaphragm.
9. A mixer according to claim 8, in which said injection channel is tapered in the manner of a funnel toward the interior of said mixing drum.
10. A mixer according to claim 8, in which said mixing instruments include at least one paddle which rotates with said mixer shaft and, in the direction of flow of said material to be mixed, is arranged after said annular diaphragm and said discharge opening of said injection channel, said at least one paddle being arranged so as to forward material toward said outlet of said mixing drum.
11. A mixer according to claim 10, in which the pressure side of said blower is flow connected with said inlet chute for the purpose of branching off a partial air flow into said inlet chute.
12. A mixer according to claim 11, which includes nozzles arranged in said inlet chute in the region above said funnel-shaped end segment for introducing said partial air flow.
13. A mixer according to claim 12, which includes air-guide plates arranged in the region of, and behind, said nozzle-like air inlet channel in such a way that compressed air flow coming from said at least one blower is guided into the curvature of said mixing drum after discharge from said injection channel.
14. A mixer according to claim 13, in which said at least one blower in-cludes an intake connection, said suction chamber, said in-take connection, said air inlet channel, said injection channel, and said air-suction channel forming a closed circuit.
15. A method of operating the mixer of claim 14, which includes the step of accelerating the particles of the material to be mixed with said compressed air flow in such a manner that in the region of said inlet opening of said injection channel into said mixing drum, said particles have the same peripheral speed as said mixing instruments rotating in said mixing drum.
.14.
.14.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3006438A DE3006438C2 (en) | 1980-02-21 | 1980-02-21 | Process for charging a continuous mixer and continuous mixer |
| DEP3006438.1 | 1980-02-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1162918A true CA1162918A (en) | 1984-02-28 |
Family
ID=6095152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000371346A Expired CA1162918A (en) | 1980-02-21 | 1981-02-20 | Mixing drum with a compressed air purged inlet chute |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4349280A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1162918A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3006438C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3313380C2 (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1985-11-14 | Bison-Werke Bähre & Greten GmbH & Co KG, 3257 Springe | Method and device for continuously mixing solid particles with at least one liquid |
| US6203249B1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2001-03-20 | Mitsui High-Tec Inc. | Particulate objects conveying apparatus for conveying particles of a predetermined size |
| DE10032592C1 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2001-10-31 | Binos Technologies Gmbh & Co K | Dry adhesive application process for fibers and chips involves supplying exhaust air from cyclone directly to mixing device to serve as transporting air |
| US8006613B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2011-08-30 | Lyco Manufacturing, Inc. | Transfer mechanism for use with a food processing system |
| US11560276B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2023-01-24 | Lyco Manufacturing, Inc. | Transfer mechanism for use with a food processing system |
| US9060530B2 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2015-06-23 | Lyco Manufacturing, Inc. | Transfer mechanism for use with a food processing system |
| RU2558449C1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ярославский государственный технический университет" (ФГБОУВПО "ЯГТУ") | Agitator |
| RU169754U1 (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-03-31 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" | FLOW-THROUGH AIR MIXER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DISPERSED-REINFORCED MIXTURES |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2148998A (en) * | 1937-01-27 | 1939-02-28 | Augustus J Sackett | Mixing and drying apparatus |
| DE1404968B1 (en) * | 1960-12-08 | 1972-02-03 | Draiswerke Gmbh | MIXING MACHINE |
| DE1432998C3 (en) * | 1964-04-24 | 1975-12-11 | Wilhelm Loedige | Device for completely emptying a mixing container or the like |
| US4006887A (en) * | 1974-08-13 | 1977-02-08 | Draiswerke Gmbh | Device for continuous coating of fibers |
| DE2534649A1 (en) * | 1975-08-02 | 1977-02-10 | Draiswerke Gmbh | Continuous mixer for wood chips or fibres and liq. glue - with feed grooves on mixer arms of hollow shaft revolving at supercritical speed |
| DE2736812A1 (en) * | 1977-08-16 | 1979-03-01 | Loedige Maschbau Gmbh Geb | Cylindrical mixer for liquids plus solids - shaft has blades with curved ends to prevent changing particle structure |
| DE7824931U1 (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1978-12-14 | Mti-Mischtechnik Industrieanlagen Gmbh, 4930 Detmold | MIXING OR STIRRING DEVICE |
-
1980
- 1980-02-21 DE DE3006438A patent/DE3006438C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-02-19 US US06/236,125 patent/US4349280A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-02-20 CA CA000371346A patent/CA1162918A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3006438C2 (en) | 1983-09-01 |
| DE3006438A1 (en) | 1981-12-03 |
| US4349280A (en) | 1982-09-14 |
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