CA1324299C - Medication infusion system with disposable pump/battery combination - Google Patents
Medication infusion system with disposable pump/battery combinationInfo
- Publication number
- CA1324299C CA1324299C CA000553423A CA553423A CA1324299C CA 1324299 C CA1324299 C CA 1324299C CA 000553423 A CA000553423 A CA 000553423A CA 553423 A CA553423 A CA 553423A CA 1324299 C CA1324299 C CA 1324299C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- cassette
- disposable
- infusion system
- medication infusion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/1413—Modular systems comprising interconnecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0814—Preventing re-use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/14244—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S128/00—Surgery
- Y10S128/12—Pressure infusion
Abstract
MEDICATION INFUSION SYSTEM WITH DISPOSABLE PUMP/BATTERY CASSETTE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A disposable cassette for use with a main infusion pump unit is disclosed which contains both a disposable pump and a battery, thereby requiring the simultaneous replacement of both the pump and the battery. The controller contained in the main pump unit includes a timer which prevents the cassette from being used for longer than a predetermined time, which is substantially less than the life of the battery. An interlock prevents a cassette from being reinstalled following a single use.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A disposable cassette for use with a main infusion pump unit is disclosed which contains both a disposable pump and a battery, thereby requiring the simultaneous replacement of both the pump and the battery. The controller contained in the main pump unit includes a timer which prevents the cassette from being used for longer than a predetermined time, which is substantially less than the life of the battery. An interlock prevents a cassette from being reinstalled following a single use.
Description
132~9 , 1 MEDICATION INFUSION SYSTEM ~ITH DISPOSABLE PUMP/BATTERY CASSETTE
`:' `
, . .
BACKGROUND OF_THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention - The present invention relates generally to an electromechanical system for continuously ~in*using m~dication into a patient, and more particularly to such -~ a system having a main pump unit onto which is installed a disposable cassette which includes the actual fluid pump used to precisely meter the amount of medication supplied, as well as a ~- 10 battery used as the primary power source for the medication lnfusion system.
,,. -,., ~In the past there have been two techniques used to deliver ;~drugs which may not be orally ingested to a patient. The first ... ~ , such technique is through an in~ection, or shot, which delivers a large dosage at relatively infrequent intervals to the patient.
.. ~
This technique is not always satisfactory, particularly when the drug being administered is potentially lethal or has negative side effects when delivered in a large dosage. This problem re~ults in smaller in~ections being given at more frequent intervals.
;~Alternatively, the second technique involve~ administering a continuous flow of medication to the patient through an IV
bottle. Medication may also be delivered through an IV system with an in~ection being made into a complex maze of IV tubes, l~ 25 hoses, and other paraphernalia. As an alternative to these two `i techniques of administering medication to a patient, the recent addition of medication infusion pumps has come as a welcome . improvement.
~ Infusion pumps are utilized to administer drugs to a patient 4 30 in 6mall~ metered doses at frequent intervals or, alternatively, in the case of some devices, at a low but essentially continuous ; rate. In~usion pump therapy may be electronically controlled to deliver precise, metered doses at exactly determined intervals, ,.
~ 3 2 '~
.
" .
thereby providing a beneficial gradual infusion of medication to the patient. In this manner, the infusion pump is able to mimic the natural proces6 whereby chemical balances are maintained ~ precisely by operating on a continuous time basis.
`~a 5 Such infusion pumps typically use as a power source a battsry, which i8 contained inside the housing of the device.
Most battery-powered infusion pumps use the battery a8 the power .~"
~^~ source for the electrical or electronic components used to ;~ control the infusion system in addition to using the battery to "~ ., ^~^ 10 power the motor or other apparatus used to pump~the medication being infused. It may be desirable to include an auxiliary ~;~ battery such as a small lithium battery to power memory circuits j during times when the main battery is being changed, thereby `~ maintaining operating information stored in the solid state . 15 memory of the device.
In a battery operated infusion pump it may be appreciated that the state of charge of the battery is critical to ensure the continued operation of the device. In a hospital environment a nurse would have to remember to periodically recharge or change the battery in the device, making continued operation of the device absolutely dependent on changing the battery. Since a dead battery would result in the interruption of medication supplied to the patient, most infusion pumps have included some ~ type of alarm to indicate when the battery must be changed.
;~ 25 Since safety and reliability of medication infusion pumps are of prl~ary importance, it i8 essential to have adequate safeguards 3 in the design and operation of the device, and to avoid failure, even for relatively short periods of time.
An additional requirement has been imposed by the important ~' 30 design consideration of disposability. Since the portion of the device through which medication is pumped must be sterile, in most applications of infusion equipment some portions of the equipment are used only once and then disposed of, typically at ;- ~ 3~2~
....
~regular intervals such as once daily. It i8 therefore desirable ,i ; that the fluid pump portion of the infusion pump device be ~ .
~`disposable, with the fluid pump being designed a3 an attachable cassQtte which i8 of inexpensive design, and which is easily 5 installable onto the main pump unit. Any change in pump design must take this disposable nature of the pump portion into r~account.
. ~
;It is desirable that the present invention ensure that tha battery used to provide the primary power source for the infusion 10 system be replaced at regular intervale, specifically at the same i,jtim~ the disposable pump cassette is replaced. Ensuring the simultaneous replacement of the pump cassette and the battery is ' ''2therefore the primary ob;ective of the present invention. The present invention must also retain the antiseptic nature of the 15 di~posablQ pump cassette whlle providing for the use of a fresh '~rbattery each time a new pump cassette i8 installed.
,.~
An incident advantage obtained in tying the replacement of the pump cassette to the replacement of the battery is that the dl~posal of the pump cassette will therefore be mandated with the sinstallation of a replacement battery, thereby obviating the possibility of a disposable pump cassette being used beyond the period for which it was designed. The maximum period of use for . "
æithe pump cassette will therefore be the period defined by the life of the battery. The installation of the pump cassette 25 8hould therefore in the preferred embodiment involve the use of interlock means to prevent the pump cassette from being reueed following its removal from the body of the infusion system after a single use of the cassette.
It is also desirable to retain a simple design to minimize 30 the cost of construction of the disposable cassette, and to , .~
accomplish all these ob;ects in a manner which will retain all of the advantages of reliability, durability, and safety of operation. All the advantages of the present invention will . --32~29~
,., 'j result in a superior medication infusion system having a number of advantages making the system a highly desirable alternative to ~, systems presently available.
. . ;~, -;;
.
, :~ 5 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
~i * The disadvantages and limitations of the background art .~, discussed above are overcome by the present invention. With this invention, the disposable pump cassette is aonstructed integrally with the battery which will furnish the primary power supply for operation of the infusion system. This invention imposes the advantageous requirement that the battery and the fluid pump be simultaneously and periodically replaced. The period of replacement of the pump cassette will be dictated by the life of i the battery contained in the cassette, with the cassQtte being .~; 15 replaced at an interval determined by the life of the battery, the operation of the device, and a subetantial margin of safety.
The chances of error are reduced since a nurse or other person need no longer remember to periodically change the battery. In . ,~
addition, the device has an obvious advantage over systems requiring the sy~tem to be plugged in to recharge a non-removable ~;~ battery, in that it is always portable due to the replaceable battery design. Al~o, the time spent ln recharging batteries is - also eliminated, resulting in one less step in operating the device, an attractive prospect for USQ by medical professionals.
In the preferred embodiment, a fluid pump is mounted in one end of a plastic cassQtte housing, with the battery being mounted .i at the other end of the cas6ette housing. The cassette is snapped into place on the main pump housing, bringing the output of the prime mover into operational contact with the fluid pump.
The prime mover may be any of a number of devices, such a~ a motor having a shaft output, a solenoid, or a hydraulic motor ~i~ supplying varying pressure or vacuum.
.i, . . .
~ - 4 `` 132~2~
~ . .
,.;,..;
Snapping the cassette into place also brings two contacts on ~, j -~ the ~xterior of the cassette housing which are connected to the battery into contact with a pair of receiving contacts mounted on the main pump housing, thereby supplying power to the prime mover ~ . -s and a6sociated elQctronics contained in the main pump housing.
snapping the cassette into place also causes a safety interlock -i mechanism to be operated, which safety mechanism will allow a cassette to be inserted into the pump housing only once. This , ., : interlock may be either of a mechanical or electrical nature, 10 with several possible embodiments being suggested in the detailed description below.
The present invention also includes a timer feature which is .,;
.;
-~ used to ensure the cassette is replaced prior to battery failure.
..,~,~
~ The device may be disabled after a preset period of time -~i 15 following installation of a new CassQtte. Another approach of ,,.
the preferred embodiment is to provide additional checks which ~` are used to disable operation of the device unless a new ca6sette - is installed. If the prime mover does not operate for an ; extended period, or if battery voltage falls off, the device is 20 disabled. Appropriate alarms or signals may be used to indicate the occurrence of such conditions.
The present invention therefore represents a solution to the problems discussed above in that a battery is packaged lntegrally with the disposable fluid pump. A fresh battery is always ; 25 present when a new cassette is installed, and the cassette and .~:
1 battery are usable only once, therefore preventing reuse of a .,~, Gassette which may be contaminated and a battery which may be less than fresh. Tying the battery and the fluid pump together ~i also has the benefit of making periodic replacement of the pump , . .
~ 30 mandatory.
-; Built in safeguards prevent the cassette from being u6ed beyond a period in which an acceptable battery level is assured, ? and al60 en6ure that the device will not be usable after an ~ 5 132~
., ~` extended period of disuse. The present invention therefore repre6ents a highly desirable improvement in the art, ~- encompassing the advantages enumerated above with substantially ~ no relative disadvantage.
; 5 DESCRIPTION OF ~HE DRAWI~GiS
These and other advantages of the present invention are best ~; understood with reference to the drawings, in which:
. ~ .;
Figure 1 is a highly schematic drawing of an infusion system - 10 embodying the present invention and illustrating the pump and ~i battery contained in a single disposable cassette;
-~ Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an implementation ~$j of the infusion system of Figure 1 using a mechanical interlock to prevent reuse of the cassette;
.~ 15 Figure 3 is an alternate embodiment to the mechanical interlock of Figure 2 in which an electrical interlock is used;
Figure 4 is an additional alternate embodiment illustrating a second configuration for an electrical interlock; and Figure 5 is a cutaway view of a simple pump driven by pressure or vacuum.
,~
~, DE~a~LED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRE~ERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention, which is schematically illustrated in its simplest form in Figure 1, has two main components- a main pump unit 10 and a disposable ca~6ette 12. The main pump unit 10 includes a prime mover 14 which functions to provide motive power, and a controller portion 16, both of which are mounted in i i~
a main pump housing 18. The cassette 12 has a pump 20 and a battery 22 mounted within a cassette housing 24. The pumping ` 30 capacity of the pump 20 may vary, according to the rate `~ reguirements of the pump 20 for a particular fluid to be pumped.
`` Different cassettes 12 may be manufactured with different capacity pumps 20 for use with a variety of therapeutic fluids.
, -~`` ~32~2~9 ~ Likewise, it may be desirable to use a different size ,:
~ battery 22 for different capacity pumps 20. If large quantitie~
~ .
- of fluid are to be pumped, a larger ~attery 22 may be required.
- The battery 22 for a high capacity pump 20 may be larger than - 5 that shown in the drawings, and the battery 22 could extend down one ~ide of the main pump unit 10, since the cassette 12 is lnstalled at the edge of the main pump unit 10.
. ,~
-~ When the cassette 12 is attached to the main pump unit 10, the batt~ry 22 i8 connected to furnish electrical power to the . . ~
10controller 16 and the prime mover 14, and the pump 20 i8 placed : ., in position to be driven by the prime mover 14. The pump 20 has an inlet 26 which is used to supply the pump 20 with a therapeutic fluid ~rom a fluid source (not 6hown). Likewise, the ,; pump 20 has an outlet 28 through which the therapeutic fluid i8 pumped in precisely metered quantlties, with fluid leaving the pump 20 through the outlet 28 being directed eventually to a patient (not shown).
g The prime mover 14 may be any of a number of drive mechanisms, including but not limited to an electric motor, a ~...................................... .
stepper motor, a solenoid apparatus, or a hydraulic motor providing a variable pressure or vacuum. The pump 20 will be adapted to be driven by the prime mover 14, as those skilled in the art will appreciate. The 6pecific typQs of prime mover 14 and pump 20 used in not particularly pertinent to the present invention, inasmuch as the present invention works equally well with any drive/pump scheme.
The controller 16 operates the prime mover 14 according to programmed instructions, to thereby cause the pump 20 to pump -;specific amounts of therapeutic fluid at specific times. It is `~ 30 apparent that the present invention as thus far disclosQd has ,,.
particular advantages over the art, due to the fact that the pump 20 and the battery 22 are contained in a single disposable cassette 12. A new pump 20 may not be installed without .' ' ~ .
``` ~32~2~
~, simultaneously installing a new battery 22. This eliminates the possibility of ~ystem failure due to medical personnel changing a ~ j.
di~posable pump but failing to install new batterie~ in the -- device.
;-~ 5 The use of a new battery 22 also necessitates the use of a ^ new pump 20, which is an incidental advantage obtained by the ; system of the present invention. Since the battery 22 ha~ a ~ relatively well defined lifetime and must be periodically ;~ replaced in order for the system to operate, the pump 20 will therefore al~o be periodically replaced. Other features and embodiments of the present invention require a more detailed example than that depicted in Figure 1 and discussed to this point.
.:
Referring now to Figure 2, an example of one pos6ible . lS configuration utillzing the present invention is shown. The ;~ cassette 12 has the pump 20 at one end and the battery 22 at the ~ other end, with the portions of the cassette 12 in which the pump~ ~q 20 and the battery 22 are contained fitting into recesses in the :~ main pump unit 10 to help provide a strong attachment between the`',`''J 20 cassette 12 and the main pump unit 10. The cassette 12 may be i~ removably held in place by a connecting screw 30 having a knob 32at the end of the screw 30 extending from the cassette 12. After placing the cassette 12 into position on the main pump unit 10, the screw 30 is turned to securely fasten the cassette 12 to the main pump unit 10.
Of course, those skilled in the art will immediately realize that there are a number of different ways to removable secure the i cas~ette 12 to the main pump unit 10. For example, plastic clips (not shown) made as an inteqral part of the cassette housing 24 -~ 30 may be used, with the plastic clip~ fitting into mating surfaces i$
(not ~hown) ln the main pump housing 18. There are numerous i other alternatives, none of which depart from the spirit of the invention.
:
:, :` 13~2~
..
. .
~- The cassette housing 24 holds the pump 20 and the battery 22 in an integral package, and may do 60 in various way~. The ~-; cassette housing 24 may be two or more piece~ of molded plastic, :."~
- for ~xamplo, or it may be a rigid portion cast or molded around ~;:
.- 5 the battery 22 and the pump 20. In any event, the pump 20 and ~` the battery 22 are contained in the cassette housing 24 80 that -:?.
~-~ the cas6ette 12 as a unit must be removed and disposed of, thereby making the simultaneous replacement of the pump 20 and the battery 22 a necessity.
This requirement ensures that the pump 20 and associated ~; portions having contact with the therapeutic fluid will be replaced and a fresh battery 22 will be provided each time the cassette 12 iB replaced. Both the reliability and the antiseptic nature of the infusion system are therefore enhanced. As i6 ~,7!, 15 apparent, the battery 22 is a non-rechargeable battery, since the cassette 12 is not to be reused. Since under usual operating circumstances the pump 20 would require replacement before the battery 22 i8 exhausted, it is apparent that a reserve of energy repre~enting a substantial margin of safety exists.
In Figure 2 the prime mover 14 iB schematically shown to be -s connected to the pump 20 by a mechanical drive connection 40.
These components are shown in highly schematic fashion since any of a number of different drive, pump, and connection means may be used without affecting the nature of the present invention.
Varlous drive schemes are well known in the art, and any o~ thesa schemes could be adapted for U88 with the present invention.
One possible type of pump 20 is illu~trated in Figure S, 3 which has the various components mounted between two halves of a $ ca~sette housing 24A and 248. The pump 20 illustrated in Figure 5 is one which would be driven by a hydraulic motor ~not shown), .
:~ which would supply alternating air pressure and vacuum. Two '!~, chambers separated by a diaphragm 42 located between the two _g_ . .
, 1 3 ~
::
halve~ of the cassette housing 24A and 24B form the working part of the pump 20.
An upper or pumping chamber 44 in one of the cassette housing halves 24A is the chamber in which the therapeutic fluid will be present. The therapeutic fluid enters the pumping chamber 44 through a one-way inlet valve 46 which i8 supplied ....
with the therapeutic fluid from the inlet 26. The one-way inlet valve 46 permits fluid flow only from the inlet 26 into the . :~
pumping chamber 44. The therapeutic fluid leaves the pumping chamber 44 through a one-way outlet valve 48 which communicates with the outlet 28, through which it will be supplied to a patient. The one-way outlet valve 48 likewise permits fluid flow in one direction only, from the pumping chamber 44 to the outlet ~X 28.
A lower or drive chamber 50 is located in the other half of `~l the cassette housing 24B, on the other side of the diaphragm 42 from the pumping chamber 44. ~he drive chamber 50 i8 supplied with pressure and vacuum from the hydraulic motor (not shown) ., ',~',G, contained in the main pump unit 10 (Figure 2)- An 0-ring 52 is 20 located about a channel 54 in the other half of the cassette housing 24B, which o-ring is used to provide a seal between portions o~ the mechanical drive connection 40 ~Figure 2) connecting to the channel 54.
p By alternately supplying pressure to the drive chamber 50, ;~ 25 fluid will be pumped by the pumping chamber 44 from the inlet 26 to the outlet 28. The description of the pump 20 is given by way ~; of example only, and is not intended as a limitation of any kind -;~ on the present invention. In fact, a number of different types oP pump 20 could be used equally well, such as piston type pumps, rotary pumps, cam actuated pumps, and double acting pumps.
;::
Referring again to Figure 2, the electrical connection of the disposable battery 22 contained in the cassette 12 to the controller 16 located in the main pump unit 10 is illustrated.
J
.
:
~`~
132~2 : .~
.~ The two poles of the battery 22 are connected inside the cassette 12 to two battery terminals 56, 58 which are mounted on the , ,:.
.~ outside of the cassette housing 24, on portions of the cassette housing 24 contacting or closely ad~acent to the main pump ~ 5 housing 18. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the ;~ battery terminals 56, 58 are mounted on a portion of the cassettQ
~, .
-~ housing 24 extending into a recess in the main pump unit 10.
` There are two corresponding electrical contacts 60, 62 ''~? mounted on the exterlor of the main pump housing 18, which contacts 60, 62 will be in electrical communication with the battery terminal~ 56, 58, respectively, when the cassette 12 is mounted onto the main pump unit 10. In the preferred embodiment i~ illu~trated in Figure 2, the battery terminals 56, 58 protrude from the cassette housing 24, and the electrical contacts 60, 62 are es8entially flush with the surface of the main pump housing 18. Of course other designs may be utilized, and one variation ~: would be to have a snap type fit or ~pring loading between the battery terminals 56, 58 and the electrical contacts 60, 62, with r ?`
~ the snap ~it being u~ed to help retain the cassette 12 in .~; 20 position on the main pump unit 10.
' `. 1 -;~ Electrical power is thus supplied from the battery 22 to thecontroller 16, with a switch 64 typically belng included in the electrical path between the battery 22 and the controller 16.
The controller 16 has several components likely to be included j 25 illu~trated schematically in Figure 2, with a central processing .~
unit (CP~) 66 representing the heart of any electronic design for ;~ the controller 16. The CPU 66 will control the application of ; power to the prime mover 14 to cause the therapeutic fluid to be ''`~;.,'? pumped at specific selected rates or in specific amounts and at ~ 30 ~pecific selected timas.
~jl s. A programmer 68 is used to set or enter the various parameters o~ operation of the system, which parameters are - supplied to the CPU 66. The programmer 68 may be a keyboard or "
i, --11--~' . .~
~``` 132~9 ~ .
: -`
other manual input device, or it may include either alternatively or in addition to the manual input device recelving facilities ~` for obtaining programming information from an external programming unit (not shown). Typical information entered through the programmer may include various times for variou~
; operations to take place, the rate o~ operations (wh~ch would set '~ pump rate), and the lengths of such operations.
~ A display 70 may be provided to provide a visual indication `~ of information entered through the programmer 68, which di~play 70 receives output signals from the CPU 66. The display 70 may also be used to provide information on the operation of the system during operation of the system, in which case the display ;~ 70 would be of a low power type, such as an LCD display. An audible alarm 72 may also be used to indicate successful entry of information, errors in entering the information, etc. The CPU 66 .~, `~ i8 able to store and access information from a memory 74, and i8 ~ supplied with signals from a clock 76. The memory 74 may also be ~i ~; reset through the programmer 68 for use with a new patient, but will be preserved for the same patient even when the device is ;'j 20 reprogrammed for different medications, rates, or times.
; An auxiliary battery 77, typically a long life lithium or similar battery, is used to sustain the memory 74 and the CPU 66 during times when a new cassette 12 is being installed and no ~Y main power source is present. Alternately, a low-leakage, hiqh `'A" 25 value capacitor may be used instead of the auxiliary battery 77, with such a capacitor being capable of powering the memory 74 for at lea~t a week or 30. In this case, the battery 22 is used to recharge the low-leakage high value capacitor. Note that the battery 22 could also be used to recharge the auxiliary battery 77. A timer 78 supplies information indicative of various elapsed times to the CPU 66.
The timer 78 may be started upon installation of the cassette 12 and a fresh battery 22, with a specific time interval ~.,.
,, ,;, 132l~2~
-^.
embodled in the device as a maximum operating time interval without a ca~sette change. For example, three days could be set as the maximum operatlonal period wlthout a new cassette 12 being installed. This time period would alway~ include a 6ubstantial - 5 margin of 6afety, with the system being as6umed to be operating at a maximum operational power draw for the time period. After .this time period is reached, the system could be 6hut down, with ...-~
`{no further power being 6upplied to drive the prime mover 14. At ~-~thi6 time, a visual indication could be pre6ented on the display 10 70, and an audible alarm ¢ould be emitted from the alarm 72.
Alternatlvely, the 6ystem could drive a display and/or alarm at a ccentral nursing 6tation in a hospital environment.
Another approach to the shutdown of the system when the battery 22 is not replaced is the monitoring of the voltage .....
produced by the battery 22. When the battery 22 voltage falls to a predetermined level, the aiarm 72 i8 sounded. When the battery i~ 22 voltage falls to a second lower predetermined level, the system is shut down, with the battery 22 being used only to help ','3 maintai-n the memory 74.
An additional feature which may be included in the system is the incorporation of a system shutdown for other reasons, such as a system failure or the absence of operation of the prime mover 14 over a shorter period of time, such as a two day period.
Undar such circumstances, the controller 16 would be disabled ~ 25 untll a new cassette 12 is installed.
-"'$ While the timing operations could be controlled by the use of an initial startup sequence at which time the timer 78 is reset and started, the preferred embodiment 6hown in Figure 2 uses a flip-flop 80 and a three-way switch 82 to perform this 30 functlon. When no cas6ette 12 i~ installed, the switch 82 will - toggle the re~et of the fllp-flop 80, to indicate to the CPU 66 that the cassette 12 has been removed..When a cassette 12 i8 ~. ~
,~ installed the switch 82 will toggle the set of the flip-flop 80, ",:
-~ -13-:
` ~ ~
~ 132~2 -:~',`.' , .
to ¢au~e the timer 78 to begin the three day sequence. It will be realized by those skllled in the art that many alternatives to the described use of the flip-flop 80 exist, all of which are "
acceptable and do not depart from the present invention.
, ,.,<
Finally, another aspect which may be incorporated into the ; present invention involves the use of an interlock to prevent the ~~` reuse of a cassette 12. In a hospital when trained professionals -`~ are maintaining the system, the need for such an interlock may be `~ minimal, but for home use of the system such an interlock is - 10 hlghly desirable. Interlocks may be either electrical or mechanical, and a mechanical interlock is illustrated in Figure 2. This interlock utilizes the switch 82, which is spring loaded ~ to bias the pln 84 of the switch 82 to extend out of the maln -` pump housing 18. The cassette housing 24 has a lower corner with a notch 86 therein, with a sloped link 88 extending at an angle across the notch 86. The sloped link 88 permits the cassette 12 s~ to be inserted past the pin 84, with the angled surface of the sloped link 88 sliding the pin 84 back into the switch 82.
. i After the pin 84 is pushed in and the cassette 12 iB lowered further towards its position on thé main pump unit 10, the sloped .:, x link 88 will be met by a bumper 90 protruding from the main pump ~j ~ housing 18 and sized to fit within the notch 86 when the cassette -~ 12 is attached to the main pump unit 10. The bumper 90 will break off the sloped link 88, or alternately bend it back so as i~ 25 to permanently deform it. It is thus apparent that if the cassette 12 is removed from the main pump unit 10, it will not be able to be replaced since the pin 84 of the switch 82 will hang ~ .
up in the notch 86, since the sloped link 88 i5 either broken off `1 or bent back. After a cassette 12 has been removed, it will therefore be nece8sary to use a new cassette 12.
Alternate embodiments u~ing an electrical interlock are illustrated in Figure 3 and 4. In Figure 3, on the bottom of the portion of the cassette 12 containing the battery 2~ is a small, . .
't -14 : ~ _ ~32'~2~
:
readily breakable link 92 covering a small recess 94.. A 6pring ' t~ 9 6, which is made of conductive material, is mounted in the portion of the main pump unit 10 receiving the portion of the ca~sette 12 containing the battery 22 will act to break the link 5 92, which is mad~ of nonconductive material. The link 92 will be ~orced against the top of the recess 94, insulating the spring from a contact 98 contained in the top side of the recess 94.
When the cassette 12 is removed and subsequently ~- reinstalled, the link 92 will no longer remain to insulate the - 10 spring 96, which will touch the contact 98. This complete~ a circuit including a re6istor 100 connected between the spring 96 and the electrical contact 58, and di~charges the battery 22.
The reus~ of the cassette 12 is thereby effectively prevented.
-` The resistor 100 is small enough to discharge the battery 22 15 relatively quickly, but large enough to prevent overheating , J~
* caused by the discharging of the battery 22 and to have adequate ~;
~ heat dissipating capacity.
. . .
Another electrical interlock is illustrated in Figure 4, which again has a breakable link 102 disposed on the bottom of tho portion of the cassette 12 containing the battery 22, with the link 102 covering a recess 104. This time, however, the link 102 is made of a conductive material. A spring 106 similar to the spring 96 of Figure 3 ls again used, with the spring 106 being made of nonconductive or insulated material. A small wedge . 25 108 mounted on the main pump unit 10 next to the spring 106, which wedge 108 breaks the link 102 as the cassette 10 i8 attached to the main pump unit 10, and the spring 106 force~ the ~, link 102 against the top of the recess 104.
< Two contacts 110, 112 are located in the top of the recess . `
104, with ths contact 110 being attached to the battery 22 and ~ .:
~'~ tho contact 112 being attached to the battery terminal 58 (The battery terminal 58 is no longer directly connected to the ;,.
battery 22. The link 102 will close the circuit ànd operate the ` i .
13~2~9 .....
.. ~
~-- system when the cas6ette 12 is attached to the main pump unit 10 for the first time. When the cas6ette 12 is removed, the link 102 will no longer be in the recess 104, and the nonconductive spring 106 will not complete the circuit. The system will thus not receive any power if the cassette 12 is installed more than .-................ .
~ once.
. - , ~;. It may therefore be appreciated that the present invention : `"
presents a system having a disposable cassette containing both a .. .
~ pump and a battery. The system has an interlock preventing a .:;:,.i cassette which ls removed from being reinstalled. The system ~ further requires that the cassette be changed periodically, ;~ otherwise the system is shut down and an alarm is given. The $ result o~ the integration of the pump and the battery is that both must be periodically changed, and the system thus prevents too long a use of both the disposable pump and the battery, ~' thereby eliminating problems attending overly extended use of . ,~
either the pump or the battery.
Although an exemplary embodiment of the present invention .~ ~
; has been shown and dQscribed, it will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that a number of changes, modifications, or alterations to the invention as described herein may be made, none o~ which depart from the spirit of the present invention. All such changes, modifications, and alterations should therefore be seen as within the scope of the pre6ent inventlon.
. ~ _ ,,.j .!
:`.i : -.
. .
~ .r '"S
:
.~
~,. . .
`:' `
, . .
BACKGROUND OF_THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention - The present invention relates generally to an electromechanical system for continuously ~in*using m~dication into a patient, and more particularly to such -~ a system having a main pump unit onto which is installed a disposable cassette which includes the actual fluid pump used to precisely meter the amount of medication supplied, as well as a ~- 10 battery used as the primary power source for the medication lnfusion system.
,,. -,., ~In the past there have been two techniques used to deliver ;~drugs which may not be orally ingested to a patient. The first ... ~ , such technique is through an in~ection, or shot, which delivers a large dosage at relatively infrequent intervals to the patient.
.. ~
This technique is not always satisfactory, particularly when the drug being administered is potentially lethal or has negative side effects when delivered in a large dosage. This problem re~ults in smaller in~ections being given at more frequent intervals.
;~Alternatively, the second technique involve~ administering a continuous flow of medication to the patient through an IV
bottle. Medication may also be delivered through an IV system with an in~ection being made into a complex maze of IV tubes, l~ 25 hoses, and other paraphernalia. As an alternative to these two `i techniques of administering medication to a patient, the recent addition of medication infusion pumps has come as a welcome . improvement.
~ Infusion pumps are utilized to administer drugs to a patient 4 30 in 6mall~ metered doses at frequent intervals or, alternatively, in the case of some devices, at a low but essentially continuous ; rate. In~usion pump therapy may be electronically controlled to deliver precise, metered doses at exactly determined intervals, ,.
~ 3 2 '~
.
" .
thereby providing a beneficial gradual infusion of medication to the patient. In this manner, the infusion pump is able to mimic the natural proces6 whereby chemical balances are maintained ~ precisely by operating on a continuous time basis.
`~a 5 Such infusion pumps typically use as a power source a battsry, which i8 contained inside the housing of the device.
Most battery-powered infusion pumps use the battery a8 the power .~"
~^~ source for the electrical or electronic components used to ;~ control the infusion system in addition to using the battery to "~ ., ^~^ 10 power the motor or other apparatus used to pump~the medication being infused. It may be desirable to include an auxiliary ~;~ battery such as a small lithium battery to power memory circuits j during times when the main battery is being changed, thereby `~ maintaining operating information stored in the solid state . 15 memory of the device.
In a battery operated infusion pump it may be appreciated that the state of charge of the battery is critical to ensure the continued operation of the device. In a hospital environment a nurse would have to remember to periodically recharge or change the battery in the device, making continued operation of the device absolutely dependent on changing the battery. Since a dead battery would result in the interruption of medication supplied to the patient, most infusion pumps have included some ~ type of alarm to indicate when the battery must be changed.
;~ 25 Since safety and reliability of medication infusion pumps are of prl~ary importance, it i8 essential to have adequate safeguards 3 in the design and operation of the device, and to avoid failure, even for relatively short periods of time.
An additional requirement has been imposed by the important ~' 30 design consideration of disposability. Since the portion of the device through which medication is pumped must be sterile, in most applications of infusion equipment some portions of the equipment are used only once and then disposed of, typically at ;- ~ 3~2~
....
~regular intervals such as once daily. It i8 therefore desirable ,i ; that the fluid pump portion of the infusion pump device be ~ .
~`disposable, with the fluid pump being designed a3 an attachable cassQtte which i8 of inexpensive design, and which is easily 5 installable onto the main pump unit. Any change in pump design must take this disposable nature of the pump portion into r~account.
. ~
;It is desirable that the present invention ensure that tha battery used to provide the primary power source for the infusion 10 system be replaced at regular intervale, specifically at the same i,jtim~ the disposable pump cassette is replaced. Ensuring the simultaneous replacement of the pump cassette and the battery is ' ''2therefore the primary ob;ective of the present invention. The present invention must also retain the antiseptic nature of the 15 di~posablQ pump cassette whlle providing for the use of a fresh '~rbattery each time a new pump cassette i8 installed.
,.~
An incident advantage obtained in tying the replacement of the pump cassette to the replacement of the battery is that the dl~posal of the pump cassette will therefore be mandated with the sinstallation of a replacement battery, thereby obviating the possibility of a disposable pump cassette being used beyond the period for which it was designed. The maximum period of use for . "
æithe pump cassette will therefore be the period defined by the life of the battery. The installation of the pump cassette 25 8hould therefore in the preferred embodiment involve the use of interlock means to prevent the pump cassette from being reueed following its removal from the body of the infusion system after a single use of the cassette.
It is also desirable to retain a simple design to minimize 30 the cost of construction of the disposable cassette, and to , .~
accomplish all these ob;ects in a manner which will retain all of the advantages of reliability, durability, and safety of operation. All the advantages of the present invention will . --32~29~
,., 'j result in a superior medication infusion system having a number of advantages making the system a highly desirable alternative to ~, systems presently available.
. . ;~, -;;
.
, :~ 5 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
~i * The disadvantages and limitations of the background art .~, discussed above are overcome by the present invention. With this invention, the disposable pump cassette is aonstructed integrally with the battery which will furnish the primary power supply for operation of the infusion system. This invention imposes the advantageous requirement that the battery and the fluid pump be simultaneously and periodically replaced. The period of replacement of the pump cassette will be dictated by the life of i the battery contained in the cassette, with the cassQtte being .~; 15 replaced at an interval determined by the life of the battery, the operation of the device, and a subetantial margin of safety.
The chances of error are reduced since a nurse or other person need no longer remember to periodically change the battery. In . ,~
addition, the device has an obvious advantage over systems requiring the sy~tem to be plugged in to recharge a non-removable ~;~ battery, in that it is always portable due to the replaceable battery design. Al~o, the time spent ln recharging batteries is - also eliminated, resulting in one less step in operating the device, an attractive prospect for USQ by medical professionals.
In the preferred embodiment, a fluid pump is mounted in one end of a plastic cassQtte housing, with the battery being mounted .i at the other end of the cas6ette housing. The cassette is snapped into place on the main pump housing, bringing the output of the prime mover into operational contact with the fluid pump.
The prime mover may be any of a number of devices, such a~ a motor having a shaft output, a solenoid, or a hydraulic motor ~i~ supplying varying pressure or vacuum.
.i, . . .
~ - 4 `` 132~2~
~ . .
,.;,..;
Snapping the cassette into place also brings two contacts on ~, j -~ the ~xterior of the cassette housing which are connected to the battery into contact with a pair of receiving contacts mounted on the main pump housing, thereby supplying power to the prime mover ~ . -s and a6sociated elQctronics contained in the main pump housing.
snapping the cassette into place also causes a safety interlock -i mechanism to be operated, which safety mechanism will allow a cassette to be inserted into the pump housing only once. This , ., : interlock may be either of a mechanical or electrical nature, 10 with several possible embodiments being suggested in the detailed description below.
The present invention also includes a timer feature which is .,;
.;
-~ used to ensure the cassette is replaced prior to battery failure.
..,~,~
~ The device may be disabled after a preset period of time -~i 15 following installation of a new CassQtte. Another approach of ,,.
the preferred embodiment is to provide additional checks which ~` are used to disable operation of the device unless a new ca6sette - is installed. If the prime mover does not operate for an ; extended period, or if battery voltage falls off, the device is 20 disabled. Appropriate alarms or signals may be used to indicate the occurrence of such conditions.
The present invention therefore represents a solution to the problems discussed above in that a battery is packaged lntegrally with the disposable fluid pump. A fresh battery is always ; 25 present when a new cassette is installed, and the cassette and .~:
1 battery are usable only once, therefore preventing reuse of a .,~, Gassette which may be contaminated and a battery which may be less than fresh. Tying the battery and the fluid pump together ~i also has the benefit of making periodic replacement of the pump , . .
~ 30 mandatory.
-; Built in safeguards prevent the cassette from being u6ed beyond a period in which an acceptable battery level is assured, ? and al60 en6ure that the device will not be usable after an ~ 5 132~
., ~` extended period of disuse. The present invention therefore repre6ents a highly desirable improvement in the art, ~- encompassing the advantages enumerated above with substantially ~ no relative disadvantage.
; 5 DESCRIPTION OF ~HE DRAWI~GiS
These and other advantages of the present invention are best ~; understood with reference to the drawings, in which:
. ~ .;
Figure 1 is a highly schematic drawing of an infusion system - 10 embodying the present invention and illustrating the pump and ~i battery contained in a single disposable cassette;
-~ Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an implementation ~$j of the infusion system of Figure 1 using a mechanical interlock to prevent reuse of the cassette;
.~ 15 Figure 3 is an alternate embodiment to the mechanical interlock of Figure 2 in which an electrical interlock is used;
Figure 4 is an additional alternate embodiment illustrating a second configuration for an electrical interlock; and Figure 5 is a cutaway view of a simple pump driven by pressure or vacuum.
,~
~, DE~a~LED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRE~ERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention, which is schematically illustrated in its simplest form in Figure 1, has two main components- a main pump unit 10 and a disposable ca~6ette 12. The main pump unit 10 includes a prime mover 14 which functions to provide motive power, and a controller portion 16, both of which are mounted in i i~
a main pump housing 18. The cassette 12 has a pump 20 and a battery 22 mounted within a cassette housing 24. The pumping ` 30 capacity of the pump 20 may vary, according to the rate `~ reguirements of the pump 20 for a particular fluid to be pumped.
`` Different cassettes 12 may be manufactured with different capacity pumps 20 for use with a variety of therapeutic fluids.
, -~`` ~32~2~9 ~ Likewise, it may be desirable to use a different size ,:
~ battery 22 for different capacity pumps 20. If large quantitie~
~ .
- of fluid are to be pumped, a larger ~attery 22 may be required.
- The battery 22 for a high capacity pump 20 may be larger than - 5 that shown in the drawings, and the battery 22 could extend down one ~ide of the main pump unit 10, since the cassette 12 is lnstalled at the edge of the main pump unit 10.
. ,~
-~ When the cassette 12 is attached to the main pump unit 10, the batt~ry 22 i8 connected to furnish electrical power to the . . ~
10controller 16 and the prime mover 14, and the pump 20 i8 placed : ., in position to be driven by the prime mover 14. The pump 20 has an inlet 26 which is used to supply the pump 20 with a therapeutic fluid ~rom a fluid source (not 6hown). Likewise, the ,; pump 20 has an outlet 28 through which the therapeutic fluid i8 pumped in precisely metered quantlties, with fluid leaving the pump 20 through the outlet 28 being directed eventually to a patient (not shown).
g The prime mover 14 may be any of a number of drive mechanisms, including but not limited to an electric motor, a ~...................................... .
stepper motor, a solenoid apparatus, or a hydraulic motor providing a variable pressure or vacuum. The pump 20 will be adapted to be driven by the prime mover 14, as those skilled in the art will appreciate. The 6pecific typQs of prime mover 14 and pump 20 used in not particularly pertinent to the present invention, inasmuch as the present invention works equally well with any drive/pump scheme.
The controller 16 operates the prime mover 14 according to programmed instructions, to thereby cause the pump 20 to pump -;specific amounts of therapeutic fluid at specific times. It is `~ 30 apparent that the present invention as thus far disclosQd has ,,.
particular advantages over the art, due to the fact that the pump 20 and the battery 22 are contained in a single disposable cassette 12. A new pump 20 may not be installed without .' ' ~ .
``` ~32~2~
~, simultaneously installing a new battery 22. This eliminates the possibility of ~ystem failure due to medical personnel changing a ~ j.
di~posable pump but failing to install new batterie~ in the -- device.
;-~ 5 The use of a new battery 22 also necessitates the use of a ^ new pump 20, which is an incidental advantage obtained by the ; system of the present invention. Since the battery 22 ha~ a ~ relatively well defined lifetime and must be periodically ;~ replaced in order for the system to operate, the pump 20 will therefore al~o be periodically replaced. Other features and embodiments of the present invention require a more detailed example than that depicted in Figure 1 and discussed to this point.
.:
Referring now to Figure 2, an example of one pos6ible . lS configuration utillzing the present invention is shown. The ;~ cassette 12 has the pump 20 at one end and the battery 22 at the ~ other end, with the portions of the cassette 12 in which the pump~ ~q 20 and the battery 22 are contained fitting into recesses in the :~ main pump unit 10 to help provide a strong attachment between the`',`''J 20 cassette 12 and the main pump unit 10. The cassette 12 may be i~ removably held in place by a connecting screw 30 having a knob 32at the end of the screw 30 extending from the cassette 12. After placing the cassette 12 into position on the main pump unit 10, the screw 30 is turned to securely fasten the cassette 12 to the main pump unit 10.
Of course, those skilled in the art will immediately realize that there are a number of different ways to removable secure the i cas~ette 12 to the main pump unit 10. For example, plastic clips (not shown) made as an inteqral part of the cassette housing 24 -~ 30 may be used, with the plastic clip~ fitting into mating surfaces i$
(not ~hown) ln the main pump housing 18. There are numerous i other alternatives, none of which depart from the spirit of the invention.
:
:, :` 13~2~
..
. .
~- The cassette housing 24 holds the pump 20 and the battery 22 in an integral package, and may do 60 in various way~. The ~-; cassette housing 24 may be two or more piece~ of molded plastic, :."~
- for ~xamplo, or it may be a rigid portion cast or molded around ~;:
.- 5 the battery 22 and the pump 20. In any event, the pump 20 and ~` the battery 22 are contained in the cassette housing 24 80 that -:?.
~-~ the cas6ette 12 as a unit must be removed and disposed of, thereby making the simultaneous replacement of the pump 20 and the battery 22 a necessity.
This requirement ensures that the pump 20 and associated ~; portions having contact with the therapeutic fluid will be replaced and a fresh battery 22 will be provided each time the cassette 12 iB replaced. Both the reliability and the antiseptic nature of the infusion system are therefore enhanced. As i6 ~,7!, 15 apparent, the battery 22 is a non-rechargeable battery, since the cassette 12 is not to be reused. Since under usual operating circumstances the pump 20 would require replacement before the battery 22 i8 exhausted, it is apparent that a reserve of energy repre~enting a substantial margin of safety exists.
In Figure 2 the prime mover 14 iB schematically shown to be -s connected to the pump 20 by a mechanical drive connection 40.
These components are shown in highly schematic fashion since any of a number of different drive, pump, and connection means may be used without affecting the nature of the present invention.
Varlous drive schemes are well known in the art, and any o~ thesa schemes could be adapted for U88 with the present invention.
One possible type of pump 20 is illu~trated in Figure S, 3 which has the various components mounted between two halves of a $ ca~sette housing 24A and 248. The pump 20 illustrated in Figure 5 is one which would be driven by a hydraulic motor ~not shown), .
:~ which would supply alternating air pressure and vacuum. Two '!~, chambers separated by a diaphragm 42 located between the two _g_ . .
, 1 3 ~
::
halve~ of the cassette housing 24A and 24B form the working part of the pump 20.
An upper or pumping chamber 44 in one of the cassette housing halves 24A is the chamber in which the therapeutic fluid will be present. The therapeutic fluid enters the pumping chamber 44 through a one-way inlet valve 46 which i8 supplied ....
with the therapeutic fluid from the inlet 26. The one-way inlet valve 46 permits fluid flow only from the inlet 26 into the . :~
pumping chamber 44. The therapeutic fluid leaves the pumping chamber 44 through a one-way outlet valve 48 which communicates with the outlet 28, through which it will be supplied to a patient. The one-way outlet valve 48 likewise permits fluid flow in one direction only, from the pumping chamber 44 to the outlet ~X 28.
A lower or drive chamber 50 is located in the other half of `~l the cassette housing 24B, on the other side of the diaphragm 42 from the pumping chamber 44. ~he drive chamber 50 i8 supplied with pressure and vacuum from the hydraulic motor (not shown) ., ',~',G, contained in the main pump unit 10 (Figure 2)- An 0-ring 52 is 20 located about a channel 54 in the other half of the cassette housing 24B, which o-ring is used to provide a seal between portions o~ the mechanical drive connection 40 ~Figure 2) connecting to the channel 54.
p By alternately supplying pressure to the drive chamber 50, ;~ 25 fluid will be pumped by the pumping chamber 44 from the inlet 26 to the outlet 28. The description of the pump 20 is given by way ~; of example only, and is not intended as a limitation of any kind -;~ on the present invention. In fact, a number of different types oP pump 20 could be used equally well, such as piston type pumps, rotary pumps, cam actuated pumps, and double acting pumps.
;::
Referring again to Figure 2, the electrical connection of the disposable battery 22 contained in the cassette 12 to the controller 16 located in the main pump unit 10 is illustrated.
J
.
:
~`~
132~2 : .~
.~ The two poles of the battery 22 are connected inside the cassette 12 to two battery terminals 56, 58 which are mounted on the , ,:.
.~ outside of the cassette housing 24, on portions of the cassette housing 24 contacting or closely ad~acent to the main pump ~ 5 housing 18. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the ;~ battery terminals 56, 58 are mounted on a portion of the cassettQ
~, .
-~ housing 24 extending into a recess in the main pump unit 10.
` There are two corresponding electrical contacts 60, 62 ''~? mounted on the exterlor of the main pump housing 18, which contacts 60, 62 will be in electrical communication with the battery terminal~ 56, 58, respectively, when the cassette 12 is mounted onto the main pump unit 10. In the preferred embodiment i~ illu~trated in Figure 2, the battery terminals 56, 58 protrude from the cassette housing 24, and the electrical contacts 60, 62 are es8entially flush with the surface of the main pump housing 18. Of course other designs may be utilized, and one variation ~: would be to have a snap type fit or ~pring loading between the battery terminals 56, 58 and the electrical contacts 60, 62, with r ?`
~ the snap ~it being u~ed to help retain the cassette 12 in .~; 20 position on the main pump unit 10.
' `. 1 -;~ Electrical power is thus supplied from the battery 22 to thecontroller 16, with a switch 64 typically belng included in the electrical path between the battery 22 and the controller 16.
The controller 16 has several components likely to be included j 25 illu~trated schematically in Figure 2, with a central processing .~
unit (CP~) 66 representing the heart of any electronic design for ;~ the controller 16. The CPU 66 will control the application of ; power to the prime mover 14 to cause the therapeutic fluid to be ''`~;.,'? pumped at specific selected rates or in specific amounts and at ~ 30 ~pecific selected timas.
~jl s. A programmer 68 is used to set or enter the various parameters o~ operation of the system, which parameters are - supplied to the CPU 66. The programmer 68 may be a keyboard or "
i, --11--~' . .~
~``` 132~9 ~ .
: -`
other manual input device, or it may include either alternatively or in addition to the manual input device recelving facilities ~` for obtaining programming information from an external programming unit (not shown). Typical information entered through the programmer may include various times for variou~
; operations to take place, the rate o~ operations (wh~ch would set '~ pump rate), and the lengths of such operations.
~ A display 70 may be provided to provide a visual indication `~ of information entered through the programmer 68, which di~play 70 receives output signals from the CPU 66. The display 70 may also be used to provide information on the operation of the system during operation of the system, in which case the display ;~ 70 would be of a low power type, such as an LCD display. An audible alarm 72 may also be used to indicate successful entry of information, errors in entering the information, etc. The CPU 66 .~, `~ i8 able to store and access information from a memory 74, and i8 ~ supplied with signals from a clock 76. The memory 74 may also be ~i ~; reset through the programmer 68 for use with a new patient, but will be preserved for the same patient even when the device is ;'j 20 reprogrammed for different medications, rates, or times.
; An auxiliary battery 77, typically a long life lithium or similar battery, is used to sustain the memory 74 and the CPU 66 during times when a new cassette 12 is being installed and no ~Y main power source is present. Alternately, a low-leakage, hiqh `'A" 25 value capacitor may be used instead of the auxiliary battery 77, with such a capacitor being capable of powering the memory 74 for at lea~t a week or 30. In this case, the battery 22 is used to recharge the low-leakage high value capacitor. Note that the battery 22 could also be used to recharge the auxiliary battery 77. A timer 78 supplies information indicative of various elapsed times to the CPU 66.
The timer 78 may be started upon installation of the cassette 12 and a fresh battery 22, with a specific time interval ~.,.
,, ,;, 132l~2~
-^.
embodled in the device as a maximum operating time interval without a ca~sette change. For example, three days could be set as the maximum operatlonal period wlthout a new cassette 12 being installed. This time period would alway~ include a 6ubstantial - 5 margin of 6afety, with the system being as6umed to be operating at a maximum operational power draw for the time period. After .this time period is reached, the system could be 6hut down, with ...-~
`{no further power being 6upplied to drive the prime mover 14. At ~-~thi6 time, a visual indication could be pre6ented on the display 10 70, and an audible alarm ¢ould be emitted from the alarm 72.
Alternatlvely, the 6ystem could drive a display and/or alarm at a ccentral nursing 6tation in a hospital environment.
Another approach to the shutdown of the system when the battery 22 is not replaced is the monitoring of the voltage .....
produced by the battery 22. When the battery 22 voltage falls to a predetermined level, the aiarm 72 i8 sounded. When the battery i~ 22 voltage falls to a second lower predetermined level, the system is shut down, with the battery 22 being used only to help ','3 maintai-n the memory 74.
An additional feature which may be included in the system is the incorporation of a system shutdown for other reasons, such as a system failure or the absence of operation of the prime mover 14 over a shorter period of time, such as a two day period.
Undar such circumstances, the controller 16 would be disabled ~ 25 untll a new cassette 12 is installed.
-"'$ While the timing operations could be controlled by the use of an initial startup sequence at which time the timer 78 is reset and started, the preferred embodiment 6hown in Figure 2 uses a flip-flop 80 and a three-way switch 82 to perform this 30 functlon. When no cas6ette 12 i~ installed, the switch 82 will - toggle the re~et of the fllp-flop 80, to indicate to the CPU 66 that the cassette 12 has been removed..When a cassette 12 i8 ~. ~
,~ installed the switch 82 will toggle the set of the flip-flop 80, ",:
-~ -13-:
` ~ ~
~ 132~2 -:~',`.' , .
to ¢au~e the timer 78 to begin the three day sequence. It will be realized by those skllled in the art that many alternatives to the described use of the flip-flop 80 exist, all of which are "
acceptable and do not depart from the present invention.
, ,.,<
Finally, another aspect which may be incorporated into the ; present invention involves the use of an interlock to prevent the ~~` reuse of a cassette 12. In a hospital when trained professionals -`~ are maintaining the system, the need for such an interlock may be `~ minimal, but for home use of the system such an interlock is - 10 hlghly desirable. Interlocks may be either electrical or mechanical, and a mechanical interlock is illustrated in Figure 2. This interlock utilizes the switch 82, which is spring loaded ~ to bias the pln 84 of the switch 82 to extend out of the maln -` pump housing 18. The cassette housing 24 has a lower corner with a notch 86 therein, with a sloped link 88 extending at an angle across the notch 86. The sloped link 88 permits the cassette 12 s~ to be inserted past the pin 84, with the angled surface of the sloped link 88 sliding the pin 84 back into the switch 82.
. i After the pin 84 is pushed in and the cassette 12 iB lowered further towards its position on thé main pump unit 10, the sloped .:, x link 88 will be met by a bumper 90 protruding from the main pump ~j ~ housing 18 and sized to fit within the notch 86 when the cassette -~ 12 is attached to the main pump unit 10. The bumper 90 will break off the sloped link 88, or alternately bend it back so as i~ 25 to permanently deform it. It is thus apparent that if the cassette 12 is removed from the main pump unit 10, it will not be able to be replaced since the pin 84 of the switch 82 will hang ~ .
up in the notch 86, since the sloped link 88 i5 either broken off `1 or bent back. After a cassette 12 has been removed, it will therefore be nece8sary to use a new cassette 12.
Alternate embodiments u~ing an electrical interlock are illustrated in Figure 3 and 4. In Figure 3, on the bottom of the portion of the cassette 12 containing the battery 2~ is a small, . .
't -14 : ~ _ ~32'~2~
:
readily breakable link 92 covering a small recess 94.. A 6pring ' t~ 9 6, which is made of conductive material, is mounted in the portion of the main pump unit 10 receiving the portion of the ca~sette 12 containing the battery 22 will act to break the link 5 92, which is mad~ of nonconductive material. The link 92 will be ~orced against the top of the recess 94, insulating the spring from a contact 98 contained in the top side of the recess 94.
When the cassette 12 is removed and subsequently ~- reinstalled, the link 92 will no longer remain to insulate the - 10 spring 96, which will touch the contact 98. This complete~ a circuit including a re6istor 100 connected between the spring 96 and the electrical contact 58, and di~charges the battery 22.
The reus~ of the cassette 12 is thereby effectively prevented.
-` The resistor 100 is small enough to discharge the battery 22 15 relatively quickly, but large enough to prevent overheating , J~
* caused by the discharging of the battery 22 and to have adequate ~;
~ heat dissipating capacity.
. . .
Another electrical interlock is illustrated in Figure 4, which again has a breakable link 102 disposed on the bottom of tho portion of the cassette 12 containing the battery 22, with the link 102 covering a recess 104. This time, however, the link 102 is made of a conductive material. A spring 106 similar to the spring 96 of Figure 3 ls again used, with the spring 106 being made of nonconductive or insulated material. A small wedge . 25 108 mounted on the main pump unit 10 next to the spring 106, which wedge 108 breaks the link 102 as the cassette 10 i8 attached to the main pump unit 10, and the spring 106 force~ the ~, link 102 against the top of the recess 104.
< Two contacts 110, 112 are located in the top of the recess . `
104, with ths contact 110 being attached to the battery 22 and ~ .:
~'~ tho contact 112 being attached to the battery terminal 58 (The battery terminal 58 is no longer directly connected to the ;,.
battery 22. The link 102 will close the circuit ànd operate the ` i .
13~2~9 .....
.. ~
~-- system when the cas6ette 12 is attached to the main pump unit 10 for the first time. When the cas6ette 12 is removed, the link 102 will no longer be in the recess 104, and the nonconductive spring 106 will not complete the circuit. The system will thus not receive any power if the cassette 12 is installed more than .-................ .
~ once.
. - , ~;. It may therefore be appreciated that the present invention : `"
presents a system having a disposable cassette containing both a .. .
~ pump and a battery. The system has an interlock preventing a .:;:,.i cassette which ls removed from being reinstalled. The system ~ further requires that the cassette be changed periodically, ;~ otherwise the system is shut down and an alarm is given. The $ result o~ the integration of the pump and the battery is that both must be periodically changed, and the system thus prevents too long a use of both the disposable pump and the battery, ~' thereby eliminating problems attending overly extended use of . ,~
either the pump or the battery.
Although an exemplary embodiment of the present invention .~ ~
; has been shown and dQscribed, it will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that a number of changes, modifications, or alterations to the invention as described herein may be made, none o~ which depart from the spirit of the present invention. All such changes, modifications, and alterations should therefore be seen as within the scope of the pre6ent inventlon.
. ~ _ ,,.j .!
:`.i : -.
. .
~ .r '"S
:
.~
~,. . .
Claims (23)
1. A medication infusion system for infusing fluid into a living body, comprising:
a disposable fluid pump having an inlet to which said fluid is supplied from a source, and an outlet from which said fluid is pumped in precisely metered amounts at preselected times;
a prime mover for driving said disposable fluid pump;
an electronic controller for controlling the operation of said prime mover to cause said disposable fluid pump to pump said precisely metered amounts at said preselected times; and a battery for powering at least one of said prime mover and said electronic controller, said battery being attached to and disposable with said disposable fluid pump.
a disposable fluid pump having an inlet to which said fluid is supplied from a source, and an outlet from which said fluid is pumped in precisely metered amounts at preselected times;
a prime mover for driving said disposable fluid pump;
an electronic controller for controlling the operation of said prime mover to cause said disposable fluid pump to pump said precisely metered amounts at said preselected times; and a battery for powering at least one of said prime mover and said electronic controller, said battery being attached to and disposable with said disposable fluid pump.
2. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 1, wherein said battery is adapted to supply power to at least one of said prime mover and said electronic controller.
3. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 1, additionally comprising:
means for coupling an output of said prime mover to drive said fluid pump.
means for coupling an output of said prime mover to drive said fluid pump.
4. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 1, additionally comprising:
main pump housing means for containing said prime mover and said electronic controller in an assembly defining a main pump unit; and cassette housing means for containing said disposable fluid pump and said battery in an integral package defining a disposable cassette, said disposable cassette for removable attachment to said main pump unit.
main pump housing means for containing said prime mover and said electronic controller in an assembly defining a main pump unit; and cassette housing means for containing said disposable fluid pump and said battery in an integral package defining a disposable cassette, said disposable cassette for removable attachment to said main pump unit.
5. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 4, additionally comprising:
means for connecting said battery to provide electrical power to at least one component contained in said main pump unit.
means for connecting said battery to provide electrical power to at least one component contained in said main pump unit.
6. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 5, wherein said connecting means comprises:
electrical battery terminals located on said disposable cassette and engaging in sliding contact with electrical contacts located on said main pump housing when said disposable cassette is attached to said main pump unit.
electrical battery terminals located on said disposable cassette and engaging in sliding contact with electrical contacts located on said main pump housing when said disposable cassette is attached to said main pump unit.
7. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 5, wherein said connecting means is usable only once to prevent reuse of said disposable cassette.
8. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 4, additionally comprising:
means for preventing reuse of said disposable cassette after initial detachment from said main pump unit.
means for preventing reuse of said disposable cassette after initial detachment from said main pump unit.
9. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 8, wherein said preventing means comprises:
a spring loaded switch having a pin biased to extend out of said main pump housing;
a notch in a lower corner of said cassette housing;
a sloped link extending at an angle across said notch, which sloped link permits said disposable cassette to be inserted past said pin, the angled surface of said sloped link sliding said pin back into said switch; and a bumper protruding from said main pump housing and sized to fit within said notch when said disposable cassette is attached to said main pump unit after said pin is slid back into said switch, said bumper either breaking off said sloped link, or bending it back so as to permanently deform it, thus preventing reinsertion of said disposable cassette since said pin will hang up in said notch upon reinsertion of said disposable cassette since said sloped link is either broken off or bent back.
a spring loaded switch having a pin biased to extend out of said main pump housing;
a notch in a lower corner of said cassette housing;
a sloped link extending at an angle across said notch, which sloped link permits said disposable cassette to be inserted past said pin, the angled surface of said sloped link sliding said pin back into said switch; and a bumper protruding from said main pump housing and sized to fit within said notch when said disposable cassette is attached to said main pump unit after said pin is slid back into said switch, said bumper either breaking off said sloped link, or bending it back so as to permanently deform it, thus preventing reinsertion of said disposable cassette since said pin will hang up in said notch upon reinsertion of said disposable cassette since said sloped link is either broken off or bent back.
10. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 9, wherein said switch is used to detect the presence of said disposable cassette and cause said system to be reset.
11. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 8, wherein said preventing means comprises:
means for discharging said battery upon reuse of said disposable cassette to disable said system.
means for discharging said battery upon reuse of said disposable cassette to disable said system.
12. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 4, wherein said cassette housing is a rigid portion cast or molded around said battery and said disposable pump.
13. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 1, additionally comprising:
means for limiting the use of said system in response to the occurrence of specific circumstances.
means for limiting the use of said system in response to the occurrence of specific circumstances.
14. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 13, wherein said limiting means comprises:
means for limiting the time said system will operate after the installation of a new disposable cassette without the replacement of that cassette, thereby shutting the system down if the disposable cassette is not replaced within a preset maximum time period.
means for limiting the time said system will operate after the installation of a new disposable cassette without the replacement of that cassette, thereby shutting the system down if the disposable cassette is not replaced within a preset maximum time period.
15. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 13, wherein said limiting means comprises:
means for preventing further use of said system if said fluid pump has not operated to pump said fluid for a predetermined maximum period of time.
means for preventing further use of said system if said fluid pump has not operated to pump said fluid for a predetermined maximum period of time.
16. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 1, wherein said electronic controller comprises:
a CPU for controlling the application of power to said prime mover to cause said fluid to be pumped by said fluid pump;
a programmer for setting the various parameters of operation of said system, which parameters are supplied to said CPU;
a display for providing a visual indication of information entered through said programmer and for providing information on the operation of said system;
a memory for storing information which may be accessed by said CPU;
a long life power source for sustaining said memory and said CPU during times when a new disposable cassette is being installed and no main power source is present.
a CPU for controlling the application of power to said prime mover to cause said fluid to be pumped by said fluid pump;
a programmer for setting the various parameters of operation of said system, which parameters are supplied to said CPU;
a display for providing a visual indication of information entered through said programmer and for providing information on the operation of said system;
a memory for storing information which may be accessed by said CPU;
a long life power source for sustaining said memory and said CPU during times when a new disposable cassette is being installed and no main power source is present.
17. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 16, wherein said long life power source is a battery.
18. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 16, wherein said long life power source is a low-leakage long life capacitor.
19. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 1, additionally comprising:
means for monitoring said battery;
means, responsive to said monitoring means, for providing an alarm if the level of said battery falls below a first predetermined level.
means for monitoring said battery;
means, responsive to said monitoring means, for providing an alarm if the level of said battery falls below a first predetermined level.
20. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 19, wherein said providing means will cause said system to cease pumping fluid if the level of said battery falls below a second predetermined level which is lower than said first predetermined level.
21. A medication infusion system, comprising:
a fluid pump having an input to which said fluid is supplied from a source, and an outlet from which said fluid is pumped;
a battery for providing electrical power for said medication infusion system;
cassette housing means for containing said fluid pump and said battery in an integral package defining a disposable cassette, said disposable cassette for removable attachment to a main pump unit, said disposable cassette being disposable after one use;
a prime mover for providing a mechanical output used to drive said fluid pump;
an electronic controller for driving said prime mover; and main pump housing means for containing said prime mover and said electronic controller in an assembly defining said main pump unit.
a fluid pump having an input to which said fluid is supplied from a source, and an outlet from which said fluid is pumped;
a battery for providing electrical power for said medication infusion system;
cassette housing means for containing said fluid pump and said battery in an integral package defining a disposable cassette, said disposable cassette for removable attachment to a main pump unit, said disposable cassette being disposable after one use;
a prime mover for providing a mechanical output used to drive said fluid pump;
an electronic controller for driving said prime mover; and main pump housing means for containing said prime mover and said electronic controller in an assembly defining said main pump unit.
22. A medication infusion system as defined in Claim 21, further comprising:
means to ensure said disposable cassette is not reused after detachment from said main pump unit.
means to ensure said disposable cassette is not reused after detachment from said main pump unit.
23. A medication infusion system, comprising:
a prime mover for providing a mechanical output:
an electronic controller for driving said prime mover;
main pump housing means for containing said prime mover and said electronic controller in an assembly defining a main pump unit;
a disposable fluid pump having an input to which said fluid is supplied from a source, and an outlet from which said fluid is pumped in precisely metered amounts at preselected times;
means for coupling said mechanical output of said prime mover to drive said disposable fluid pump;
a disposable battery for providing electrical power for said prime mover and said controller;
cassette housing means for containing said disposable fluid pump and said disposable battery in an integral package defining a disposable cassette, said disposable cassette for removable attachment to said main pump unit, said disposable cassette being disposable after one use; and means to ensure said disposable cassette is not reused after initial detachment from said main pump unit.
a prime mover for providing a mechanical output:
an electronic controller for driving said prime mover;
main pump housing means for containing said prime mover and said electronic controller in an assembly defining a main pump unit;
a disposable fluid pump having an input to which said fluid is supplied from a source, and an outlet from which said fluid is pumped in precisely metered amounts at preselected times;
means for coupling said mechanical output of said prime mover to drive said disposable fluid pump;
a disposable battery for providing electrical power for said prime mover and said controller;
cassette housing means for containing said disposable fluid pump and said disposable battery in an integral package defining a disposable cassette, said disposable cassette for removable attachment to said main pump unit, said disposable cassette being disposable after one use; and means to ensure said disposable cassette is not reused after initial detachment from said main pump unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/004,352 US4808167A (en) | 1987-01-16 | 1987-01-16 | Medication infusion system with disposable pump/battery cassette |
| US004,352 | 1987-01-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1324299C true CA1324299C (en) | 1993-11-16 |
Family
ID=21710351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000553423A Expired - Lifetime CA1324299C (en) | 1987-01-16 | 1987-12-03 | Medication infusion system with disposable pump/battery combination |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4808167A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0275213B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63272359A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1324299C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3869142D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (126)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5935099A (en) | 1992-09-09 | 1999-08-10 | Sims Deltec, Inc. | Drug pump systems and methods |
| US6241704B1 (en) | 1901-11-22 | 2001-06-05 | Sims Deltec, Inc. | Drug pump systems and methods |
| US4818190A (en) * | 1987-12-01 | 1989-04-04 | Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. | Cassette loading and latching apparatus for a medication infusion system |
| US4878896A (en) * | 1987-12-01 | 1989-11-07 | Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. | Cassette optical identification apparatus for a medication infusion system |
| US5019041A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1991-05-28 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Balloon catheter inflation device |
| US4930495A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-06-05 | The Upsher Laryngoscope Corporation | Laryngoscope including a disposable blade and its method of use |
| US4950134A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-08-21 | Cybor Corporation | Precision liquid dispenser |
| EP0379792A3 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-10-03 | Graymills Corporation | Disposable pump assembly |
| FR2659856B1 (en) * | 1990-03-23 | 1992-06-05 | Asulab Sa | PORTABLE PUMP FOR ADMINISTERING A LIQUID THERAPEUTIC SUBSTANCE. |
| FR2664818B1 (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1995-04-21 | Deglaude Lab Sa | ELECTRO-STIMULATION APPARATUS. |
| US5149322A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-09-22 | Kensey Nash Corporation | Motor driven apparatus having means to prevent reuse and method of use of said apparatus |
| US5250027A (en) * | 1991-10-08 | 1993-10-05 | Sherwood Medical Company | Peristaltic infusion device with backpack sensor |
| US5984894A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1999-11-16 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Infuser |
| DK69491D0 (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Novo Nordisk As | PUMP |
| EP0521184B1 (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1995-06-14 | Asulab S.A. | Portable pump for the administration of therapeutic liquids |
| CA2137772A1 (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1993-12-23 | Shan Padda | Programmable infusion pump with interchangeable tubing |
| US5490765A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1996-02-13 | Cybor Corporation | Dual stage pump system with pre-stressed diaphragms and reservoir |
| US5531697A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-07-02 | Sims Deltec, Inc. | Systems and methods for cassette identification for drug pumps |
| US5609575A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1997-03-11 | Graseby Medical Limited | Infusion pump and method with dose-rate calculation |
| ES2213752T3 (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 2004-09-01 | Allegheny-Singer Research Institute | BLOOD PUMP DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PUMPING BLOOD FROM A PATIENT. |
| US5795327A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1998-08-18 | Sabratek Corporation | Infusion pump with historical data recording |
| US5620312A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1997-04-15 | Sabratek Corporation | Infusion pump with dual-latching mechanism |
| US5904668A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1999-05-18 | Sabratek Corporation | Cassette for an infusion pump |
| US5628619A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1997-05-13 | Sabratek Corporation | Infusion pump having power-saving modes |
| US5637093A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1997-06-10 | Sabratek Corporation | Infusion pump with selective backlight |
| US6328712B1 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 2001-12-11 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical Corporation | Rapid infusion system |
| US5853386A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-12-29 | Alaris Medical Systems, Inc. | Infusion device with disposable elements |
| US6852090B2 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 2005-02-08 | Nxstage Medical, Inc. | Fluid processing systems and methods using extracorporeal fluid flow panels oriented within a cartridge |
| US7776014B2 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2010-08-17 | Peter Visconti | Disposable surgical suction/irrigation trumpet valve tube cassette |
| US6468242B1 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 2002-10-22 | Baxter International Inc. | Medical apparatus with patient data recording |
| US6358237B1 (en) | 1999-01-19 | 2002-03-19 | Assistive Technology Products, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for delivering fluids to a patient |
| US6554791B1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2003-04-29 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical, Llc | Rapid infusion system |
| US7780619B2 (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2010-08-24 | Nxstage Medical, Inc. | Blood treatment apparatus |
| US7632248B2 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2009-12-15 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Surgical irrigation system |
| CA2434731C (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2010-01-26 | Insulet Corporation | Modular infusion device and method |
| US7771379B2 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2010-08-10 | Nxstage Medical, Inc. | Functional isolation of upgradeable components to reduce risk in medical treatment devices |
| US20030130624A1 (en) * | 2002-01-07 | 2003-07-10 | Kowalik Francis C. | Medical infusion system with integrated power supply and pump therefor |
| US8250483B2 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2012-08-21 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Programmable medical infusion pump displaying a banner |
| US8504179B2 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2013-08-06 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Programmable medical infusion pump |
| WO2003097156A1 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-27 | Scott Laborotories Inc. | Kits of medical supplies for sedation and analgesia |
| CA2523267C (en) | 2003-04-23 | 2013-09-03 | Biovalve Technologies, Inc. | Hydraulically actuated pump for long duration medicament administration |
| US8954336B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2015-02-10 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Server for medical device |
| US7758491B2 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2010-07-20 | Genesee Biomedical, Inc. | Method and apparatus for the surgical treatment of congestive heart failure |
| WO2006014425A1 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2006-02-09 | Biovalve Technologies, Inc. | Methods and devices for delivering glp-1 and uses thereof |
| US7775966B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2010-08-17 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Non-invasive pressure measurement in a fluid adjustable restrictive device |
| US8066629B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2011-11-29 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Apparatus for adjustment and sensing of gastric band pressure |
| US8016744B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2011-09-13 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | External pressure-based gastric band adjustment system and method |
| US7658196B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2010-02-09 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | System and method for determining implanted device orientation |
| US7699770B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2010-04-20 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Device for non-invasive measurement of fluid pressure in an adjustable restriction device |
| US7927270B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2011-04-19 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | External mechanical pressure sensor for gastric band pressure measurements |
| US7775215B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2010-08-17 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | System and method for determining implanted device positioning and obtaining pressure data |
| US7975491B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2011-07-12 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical Llc | Heat exchange system for a pump device |
| US7563248B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2009-07-21 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical Llc | Infusion fluid heat exchanger and cartridge |
| US7794427B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2010-09-14 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Operating an infusion pump system |
| US8105279B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2012-01-31 | M2 Group Holdings, Inc. | Dispensing fluid from an infusion pump system |
| CN103239773B (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2015-08-26 | 瓦莱里塔斯公司 | Multi-cartridge fluid delivery device |
| EP1839695A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-03 | Debiotech S.A. | Medical liquid injection device |
| US8152710B2 (en) | 2006-04-06 | 2012-04-10 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Physiological parameter analysis for an implantable restriction device and a data logger |
| US8870742B2 (en) | 2006-04-06 | 2014-10-28 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | GUI for an implantable restriction device and a data logger |
| US8057464B2 (en) * | 2006-05-03 | 2011-11-15 | Light Sciences Oncology, Inc. | Light transmission system for photoreactive therapy |
| US8149131B2 (en) | 2006-08-03 | 2012-04-03 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Interface for medical infusion pump |
| US8965707B2 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2015-02-24 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Interface for medical infusion pump |
| US20080126969A1 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-05-29 | Blomquist Michael L | Interface for medical infusion pump |
| US8435206B2 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2013-05-07 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Interface for medical infusion pump |
| US8858526B2 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2014-10-14 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Interface for medical infusion pump |
| US7833196B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2010-11-16 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Illumination instrument for an infusion pump |
| US7892199B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2011-02-22 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Occlusion sensing for an infusion pump |
| US7794426B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2010-09-14 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump system with contamination-resistant features |
| US7981102B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2011-07-19 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Removable controller for an infusion pump |
| US8287514B2 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2012-10-16 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Power management techniques for an infusion pump system |
| US8187163B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2012-05-29 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Methods for implanting a gastric restriction device |
| US8100870B2 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2012-01-24 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Adjustable height gastric restriction devices and methods |
| US8377079B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2013-02-19 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Constant force mechanisms for regulating restriction devices |
| US8142452B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2012-03-27 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Controlling pressure in adjustable restriction devices |
| US8986253B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2015-03-24 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Two chamber pumps and related methods |
| US8192350B2 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2012-06-05 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Methods and devices for measuring impedance in a gastric restriction system |
| US8591395B2 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2013-11-26 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Gastric restriction device data handling devices and methods |
| US8337389B2 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2012-12-25 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Methods and devices for diagnosing performance of a gastric restriction system |
| US7844342B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2010-11-30 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Powering implantable restriction systems using light |
| US8221439B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2012-07-17 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Powering implantable restriction systems using kinetic motion |
| US8114345B2 (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2012-02-14 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | System and method of sterilizing an implantable medical device |
| US8057492B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2011-11-15 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Automatically adjusting band system with MEMS pump |
| US8591532B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2013-11-26 | Ethicon Endo-Sugery, Inc. | Automatically adjusting band system |
| US8034065B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-10-11 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Controlling pressure in adjustable restriction devices |
| US8187162B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2012-05-29 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Reorientation port |
| US8233995B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2012-07-31 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | System and method of aligning an implantable antenna |
| US8133197B2 (en) | 2008-05-02 | 2012-03-13 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Display for pump |
| US7938797B2 (en) | 2008-05-05 | 2011-05-10 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump system |
| US20090287180A1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-19 | Diperna Paul M | Disposable pump reservoir and related methods |
| US7959598B2 (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2011-06-14 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump systems and methods |
| US8287487B2 (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2012-10-16 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump system and methods |
| US8974439B2 (en) | 2009-01-02 | 2015-03-10 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump system and methods |
| WO2011014704A2 (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-03 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Infusion pump system with disposable cartridge having pressure venting and pressure feedback |
| USD669165S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2012-10-16 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump |
| US8936447B2 (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2015-01-20 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | IV pump dual piston disposable cassette and system |
| US8852152B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2014-10-07 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump systems and methods |
| US8808230B2 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2014-08-19 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Occlusion detection for an infusion pump system |
| US9180242B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2015-11-10 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Methods and devices for multiple fluid transfer |
| US20130310738A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | Lifemedix, Llc | Portable intravenous fluid delivery device with a user interface |
| US9555186B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2017-01-31 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Infusion pump system with disposable cartridge having pressure venting and pressure feedback |
| US8454557B1 (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2013-06-04 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump system and method |
| US8454562B1 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2013-06-04 | Asante Solutions, Inc. | Infusion pump system and method |
| US9901677B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 | 2018-02-27 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump system and methods |
| EP2948204B1 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2021-08-25 | Smiths Medical ASD, Inc. | Medication safety devices and methods |
| US9173998B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-11-03 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | System and method for detecting occlusions in an infusion pump |
| US20140276042A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Syntheon, Llc | Integrated catheter and powered injector system for use in performing radial angiography |
| US9180243B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-10 | Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. | Detection of infusion pump conditions |
| US9457141B2 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2016-10-04 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump system and method |
| US9561324B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2017-02-07 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump system and method |
| US10569015B2 (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2020-02-25 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump system and method |
| US9629901B2 (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2017-04-25 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Glucagon administration system and methods |
| US10137246B2 (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2018-11-27 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump assembly and method |
| US9919096B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-03-20 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump system and method |
| US20160058940A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2016-03-03 | Zyno Medical, LLC. | Low-cost ambulatory medical pump |
| US9878097B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2018-01-30 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Operating an infusion pump system |
| EP3374900A1 (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2018-09-19 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Operating multi-modal medicine delivery systems |
| US10449294B1 (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2019-10-22 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Operating an infusion pump system |
| US10363111B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2019-07-30 | Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision, Inc. | Phacoemulsification surgical multi-use pack usage tracker system |
| USD809134S1 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2018-01-30 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Infusion pump assembly |
| WO2018064219A1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Personalizing preset meal sizes in insulin delivery system |
| AU2017376111B2 (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2023-02-02 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Alarms and alerts for medication delivery devices and related systems and methods |
| USD836769S1 (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2018-12-25 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Insulin delivery controller |
| USD839294S1 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2019-01-29 | Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. | Display screen with graphical user interface for closed-loop medication delivery |
| WO2019014594A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | Desborough Lane | Multi-scale display of blood glucose information |
| US20230042236A1 (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-02-09 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Lockout mechanism for single use device |
| CN117357182B (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-03-12 | 微至（苏州）医疗科技有限公司 | Electric anastomat |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3252623A (en) * | 1965-07-22 | 1966-05-24 | C F Liquidation Corp | Apparatus for monitoring dispensing of liquid |
| US3543662A (en) * | 1968-10-10 | 1970-12-01 | Polaroid Corp | Film cassette including battery power supply |
| US3985133A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1976-10-12 | Imed Corporation | IV pump |
| US4074295A (en) * | 1976-04-23 | 1978-02-14 | Polaroid Corporation | Compact accessory strobe for cameras with battery enclosed film pack |
| US4142524A (en) * | 1977-06-02 | 1979-03-06 | Andros Incorporated | Cassette for intravenous delivery system |
| IL55980A (en) * | 1977-12-02 | 1982-04-30 | Baxter Travenol Lab | Flow metering apparatus for a fluid infusion system |
| US4256437A (en) * | 1978-02-01 | 1981-03-17 | Stewart Naumann Laboratories, Inc. | Peristaltic infusion pump and method |
| US4266545A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1981-05-12 | Moss James P | Portable suction device for collecting fluids from a closed wound |
| US4336800A (en) * | 1980-08-01 | 1982-06-29 | Oximetrix, Inc. | Intravenous metering device |
| US4324473A (en) * | 1980-10-03 | 1982-04-13 | Polaroid Corporation | SX-70 Film pack with battery hold down structure |
| US4396385A (en) * | 1980-12-05 | 1983-08-02 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Flow metering apparatus for a fluid infusion system |
| GB2120003B (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1985-06-26 | Robin Bransbury | Improvements in battery-powered equipment |
| US4519792A (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1985-05-28 | Abbott Laboratories | Infusion pump system |
| EP0149613A4 (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1987-02-12 | Baxter Travenol Lab | Solution container having integral power source. |
| DE3408331C2 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-06-12 | Fresenius AG, 6380 Bad Homburg | Pumping arrangement for medical purposes |
| US4557725A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-12-10 | Oximetrix, Inc. | I. V. Pump cassette |
-
1987
- 1987-01-16 US US07/004,352 patent/US4808167A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-03 CA CA000553423A patent/CA1324299C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-01-15 DE DE8888300340T patent/DE3869142D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-01-15 EP EP88300340A patent/EP0275213B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-16 JP JP63007375A patent/JPS63272359A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63272359A (en) | 1988-11-09 |
| US4808167A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| EP0275213A2 (en) | 1988-07-20 |
| EP0275213A3 (en) | 1989-03-22 |
| EP0275213B1 (en) | 1992-03-18 |
| DE3869142D1 (en) | 1992-04-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1324299C (en) | Medication infusion system with disposable pump/battery combination | |
| US4850972A (en) | Progammable multiple pump medication infusion system with printer | |
| US5131816A (en) | Cartridge fed programmable ambulatory infusion pumps powered by DC electric motors | |
| ES2851200T3 (en) | Solution for the direct elimination of sodium reducing hypervolemia in patients with heart failure | |
| EP0168472B1 (en) | External infusion pump apparatus and method of use | |
| US4650469A (en) | Drug delivery system | |
| US4562751A (en) | Solenoid drive apparatus for an external infusion pump | |
| JPH04221574A (en) | Portable type pump for injecting thera- peutic medicine liquid | |
| JPH08509898A (en) | Portable injection pump | |
| EP1370311B1 (en) | Implantable therapeutic substance infusion device with active longevity projection | |
| CN114377245A (en) | Liquid medicine injection device | |
| WO2008038202A2 (en) | Remaining time indication for a rechargeable implantable medical device | |
| JPH0634824B2 (en) | Medical pump device | |
| EP0182502B1 (en) | Drug delivery system | |
| KR20030097746A (en) | Ambulatory infusion pump having a multi-sensor | |
| US20030130624A1 (en) | Medical infusion system with integrated power supply and pump therefor | |
| KR100561243B1 (en) | Ambulatory infusion pump | |
| JP3299094B2 (en) | Syringe pump | |
| US20220143315A1 (en) | System and method for extending the storage duration of a rechargeable battery of an infusion pump | |
| JP3343182B2 (en) | Syringe pump | |
| MXPA00002397A (en) | An infusion pump system and an infusion pump unit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) |
Effective date: 20121205 |