CA2048905C - High pulp content nonwoven composite fabric - Google Patents
High pulp content nonwoven composite fabricInfo
- Publication number
- CA2048905C CA2048905C CA002048905A CA2048905A CA2048905C CA 2048905 C CA2048905 C CA 2048905C CA 002048905 A CA002048905 A CA 002048905A CA 2048905 A CA2048905 A CA 2048905A CA 2048905 C CA2048905 C CA 2048905C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven
- percent
- pulp
- weight
- composite fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/407—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing absorbing substances, e.g. activated carbon
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
- D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
- A61F2013/15406—Basis weight
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/253—Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/689—Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/695—Including a wood containing layer
Abstract
A high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric is disclosed.
The composite fabric contains more than about 70 percent, by weight, pulp fibers which are hydraulically entangled into a continuous filament substrate. This high pulp content composite nonwoven fabric may be used as a heavy duty wiper or as a fluid distribution material, cover material, and/or absorbent material in an absorbent personal care product. Also disclosed is a method of making the high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric.
The composite fabric contains more than about 70 percent, by weight, pulp fibers which are hydraulically entangled into a continuous filament substrate. This high pulp content composite nonwoven fabric may be used as a heavy duty wiper or as a fluid distribution material, cover material, and/or absorbent material in an absorbent personal care product. Also disclosed is a method of making the high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric.
Claims (28)
1. A high pulp content hydraulically entangled nonwoven composite fabric comprising:
less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate component; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component consisting of pulp, with the absence of staple length fiber.
less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate component; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component consisting of pulp, with the absence of staple length fiber.
2. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 1 comprising from about 10 to about 25 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate component.
3 . The nonwoven composite fabric of claim 1 or 2, comprising from about 75 to about 90 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component consisting of pulp.
4. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 1 wherein said continuous filament nonwoven substrate component is a nonwoven web of continuous spunbondedfilament.
5. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 1 having a base weight of from about 20 to about 200 grams per square meter.
6. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 1 wherein the fibrous component is selected from the group consisting of virgin hardwood pulp fibers, virgin softwood pulp fiber, secondary fibers, and mixtures of the same.
7. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 6 wherein the fibrous component is a mixture of more than 50 percent, by weight, low-average fiber length pulp and less than about 50 percent, by weight, high-average fiber length pulp.
8. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 1 further comprising clays, starches, particulates, and superabsorbent particulates.
9. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 1 further comprising up to about 3 percent of a de-bonding agent.
10. A wiper comprising one or more layers of the nonwoven composite fabric of any one of Claims 1 to 9, said wiper having a base weight of from about 20 gsm to about 200 gsm.
11. The wiper according to Claim 10 having a base weight of from about 40 to about 150 gsm.
12. A fluid distribution component of an absorbent personal care product comprising one or more layers of the nonwoven composite fabric of any one of Claims 1 to 9, said fluid distribution component having a base weight of from about 20 gsm to about 300 gsm.
13. The fluid distribution component of an absorbent personal care product according to Claim 12 having a base weight of from about 30 to about 170 gsm.
14. A hydraulically entangled high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric comprising:
less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate component having a bond density greater than about 250 pin bonds per square inch and a total bond area of less than about 30 percent; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component composing of pulp, with the absence of staple length fiber.
less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate component having a bond density greater than about 250 pin bonds per square inch and a total bond area of less than about 30 percent; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component composing of pulp, with the absence of staple length fiber.
15. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 14 wherein the continuous filament substrate component has a bond density of from about 250 to about 450 pin bonds per square inch and an overall bond area of from about 5 percent to about 25 percent.
16. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 14 wherein said continuous filament nonwoven substrate component is a nonwoven web of continuous spunbondedfilaments.
17. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 14 wherein the fibrous component is selected from the group consisting of virgin hardwood pulp fibers, virgin softwood pulp fiber, secondary fibers, and mixture same.
18. The nonwoven composite fabric of Claim 17 wherein the fibrous component is a mixture of more than 50 percent, by weight, low-average fiber length pulp and less than about 50 percent, by weight, high-average fiber length pulp.
19. A method of making a high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric having less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate component; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component consisting of pulp in the absence of staple length fiber, said method comprising:
superposing a pulp fiber layer over a nonwoven continuous filament substrate having a bond density greater than about 100 pin bonds per square inch and a total bond area less than about 30 percent;
hydraulically entangling said layers to form a composite material; and drying said composite material.
superposing a pulp fiber layer over a nonwoven continuous filament substrate having a bond density greater than about 100 pin bonds per square inch and a total bond area less than about 30 percent;
hydraulically entangling said layers to form a composite material; and drying said composite material.
20. The method of Claim 19 wherein the layers are superposed by depositing pulp fibers onto the nonwoven continuous filament substrate by dry forming or wet-forming.
21. The method of Claim 19 wherein the layers are superposed by combining a coherent sheet of pulp fibers with the nonwoven continuous filament substrate layer.
22. The method of Claim 19 wherein the coherent sheet of pulp fibers is selected from the group consisting of a re-pulpable paper sheet, a re-pulpable tissue sheet, and a batt of wood pulp fibers.
23. The method of claim 19 wherein the hydraulically entangled composite is subjected to a chemical post-treatment selected from dyes and additives.
24. The method of claim 19 wherein the hydraulically entangled composite is subjected to a finishing step selected from mechanical softening, pressing, creping, and brushing.
25. A method of making a high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric having less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component consisting of pulp in the absence of staple length fiber, said method comprising:
superposing a pulp fiber layer over a nonwoven continuous filament substrate;
hydraulically entangling said layers to form a composite material; and drying said composite material.
superposing a pulp fiber layer over a nonwoven continuous filament substrate;
hydraulically entangling said layers to form a composite material; and drying said composite material.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the hydraulically entangled composite is subjected to a chemical post-treatment selected from dyes and additives.
27. The method of claim 25 wherein the hydraulically entangled composite is subjected to a finishing step selected from mechanical softening, pressing, creping, and brushing.
28. A method of improving the abrasion resistance of a high pulp content nonwoven composite fabric having less than about 30 percent, by weight, of a nonwoven continuous filament substrate; and more than about 70 percent, by weight, of a fibrous component consisting of pulp in the absence of staple length fiber, said method comprising adding up to about 3 percent of a debonding agent to the high pulp content nonwoven fabric.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63359490A | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | |
US633,594 | 1990-12-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2048905A1 CA2048905A1 (en) | 1992-06-22 |
CA2048905C true CA2048905C (en) | 1998-08-11 |
Family
ID=24540281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002048905A Expired - Lifetime CA2048905C (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1991-08-09 | High pulp content nonwoven composite fabric |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5284703A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0492554B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2533260B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100212255B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU649284B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9105555A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2048905C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69115002T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2082105T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9102510A (en) |
MY (1) | MY107494A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA919343B (en) |
Families Citing this family (592)
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US5436094A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1995-07-25 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Bulky synthetic pulp sheet useful as a separator for sealed lead batteries and process for preparing the same |
US5599420A (en) * | 1993-04-06 | 1997-02-04 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Patterned embossed nonwoven fabric, cloth-like liquid barrier material and method for making same |
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1991
- 1991-08-09 CA CA002048905A patent/CA2048905C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-25 AU AU88149/91A patent/AU649284B2/en not_active Expired
- 1991-11-26 ZA ZA919343A patent/ZA919343B/en unknown
- 1991-12-11 MX MX9102510A patent/MX9102510A/en unknown
- 1991-12-16 MY MYPI91002320A patent/MY107494A/en unknown
- 1991-12-19 JP JP3335404A patent/JP2533260B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-20 ES ES91122031T patent/ES2082105T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-20 DE DE69115002T patent/DE69115002T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-20 EP EP91122031A patent/EP0492554B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-20 BR BR919105555A patent/BR9105555A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-20 KR KR1019910023700A patent/KR100212255B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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1993
- 1993-01-06 US US08/000,908 patent/US5284703A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-09 US US08/074,571 patent/US5389202A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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MY107494A (en) | 1995-12-30 |
EP0492554B1 (en) | 1995-11-29 |
JP2533260B2 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
US5284703A (en) | 1994-02-08 |
MX9102510A (en) | 1992-06-01 |
AU8814991A (en) | 1992-06-25 |
BR9105555A (en) | 1992-09-01 |
JPH05179545A (en) | 1993-07-20 |
DE69115002T2 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
US5389202A (en) | 1995-02-14 |
ES2082105T3 (en) | 1996-03-16 |
KR100212255B1 (en) | 1999-08-02 |
KR920012594A (en) | 1992-07-27 |
CA2048905A1 (en) | 1992-06-22 |
ZA919343B (en) | 1992-09-30 |
EP0492554A1 (en) | 1992-07-01 |
DE69115002D1 (en) | 1996-01-11 |
AU649284B2 (en) | 1994-05-19 |
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