CA2211238A1 - Inkjet print head apparatus - Google Patents
Inkjet print head apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA2211238A1 CA2211238A1 CA002211238A CA2211238A CA2211238A1 CA 2211238 A1 CA2211238 A1 CA 2211238A1 CA 002211238 A CA002211238 A CA 002211238A CA 2211238 A CA2211238 A CA 2211238A CA 2211238 A1 CA2211238 A1 CA 2211238A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- print head
- face
- ink
- metallization layer
- base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1632—Manufacturing processes machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2/14201—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/14209—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1607—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/1609—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1623—Manufacturing processes bonding and adhesion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/164—Manufacturing processes thin film formation
- B41J2/1646—Manufacturing processes thin film formation thin film formation by sputtering
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/42—Piezoelectric device making
Abstract
The present invention comprises an inkjet print head structure wherein the placement of the transducer electrodes in combination with the particular poling direction of the print head transducer material provides for an efficient combination of shear and normal mode actuation of the print head. The preferred print head structure may be formed as a densely packed linear series of substantially parallel ink channels interspaced between and adjacent to a series of substantially parallel air channels.
Further, the present invention provides for a print head structure wherein structures in contact with ink are maintained at ground potential. The present invention provides for a method to manufacture a print head having an array of densely packed ink channels having the characteristics of reduced mechanical crosstalk.
Further, the present invention provides for a print head structure wherein structures in contact with ink are maintained at ground potential. The present invention provides for a method to manufacture a print head having an array of densely packed ink channels having the characteristics of reduced mechanical crosstalk.
Description
PATENT
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
INKJET PRINT HEAD APPARATUS
Backqround of the Invention 1. Field of the Invention The present invention pertains to the field of inkjet printers, and more specifically, to piezoelectric inkjet print heads.
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
INKJET PRINT HEAD APPARATUS
Backqround of the Invention 1. Field of the Invention The present invention pertains to the field of inkjet printers, and more specifically, to piezoelectric inkjet print heads.
2. Description of Related Art Ink jet printers, and more particularly, drop-on-demand -inkjet print heads having a piezoelectric transducer actuated by electrical signals, are known in the art. Typical print heads ~5 consist of a transducer mechanically coupled to an ink chamber, wherein the application of an electrical signal to the transducer material causes the transducer to deform in shape or dimension within or into the ink chamber, thereby resulting in the expulsion of ink from an ink chamber orifice. One disadvantage of prior art print head structures is that they are relatively large in overall dimension, and thus cannot be placed together into a densely packed array; this reduces available output dot density, which will decrease the overall output definition of a printer. Another disadvantage with prior art devices is that the large number of components in these devices tend to increase the costs and difficulty of manufacture. Further, the prior art PATENT
structures, when placed next to each other within an array to create a multi-channel print head, tend to produce undesirable "crosstalk" between adjacent ink chambers, which interferes with the accurate ejection of ink from the print head.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a print head structure which can be advantageously and economically manufactured, but can also be placed in a densely packed array of such structures for a multiple-channel print head for increased output dot density. Further, there is a need for a multi-channel print head structure which minimizes undesirable crosstalk effects.
- Summarv of the Invention The present invention comprises an inkjet print head wherein the placement of the transducer electrodes in combination with the particular poling direction (overall polarization direction) of the print head transducer material provides for an efficient combination of shear and normal mode actuation of the print head. According to one embodiment of the invention, a print head transducer is defined by a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion, in which the interior walls of these wall and base portions form three sides of an ink channel. The upper surfaces of the wall portions define a first face of the print head transducer, and the lower surface of the base portion defines a second, opposite face of the transducer.
A metallization layer, forming a common electrode, is deposited PATENT
on the interior surfaces of the ink channel and along the upper surfaces of the first and second wall portions. A second metallization layer, forming the addressable electrode, is deposited on the entire outer surface of the base portion, and on a portion of the outer surfaces of the first and second wall portions. The poling direction of the piezoelectric material ~ forming the print head transducer is substantially perpendicular to the electric field direction between the addressable electrodes and the common electrode at the first and second wall portions, providing fo~ shear mode deflection of the wall portions, toward or away from each other, upon the application of an electrical drive signal to the addressable electrodes. The -poling direction of the piezoelectric material forming the print head transducer is substantially parallel to the electric field direction between the addressable electrodes and the common electrode at the center of the base portion, providing for normal mode actuation of the center of the base portion when an electrical drive signal is applied. The metallization layer forming the addressable electrodes preferably extends halfway along the height of the wall portions. The metallization layer forming the common electrode is preferably maintained at ground potential.
The present invention also comprises a plurality of ink ejecting structures capable of being densely packed into a linear array of multiple ink channels. This array comprises a transducer formed from a sheet, wafer or block of piezoelectric PATENT
material, into which a series of ink channels are cut into a first face of the piezoelectric sheet material. A second opposite face of the piezoelectric sheet contains a series of air channels, each of which are interspaced between each of the ink channels. A metallization layer forming the common electrode is coated over the first face of the sheet and on the interior surface of each ink channel. A second metallization layer forming the addressable electrodes is coated over the second face and on the interior surface of each air channel, with the second metallization layer initially connected from air channel to air channel. An electrode-separation channel is cut into the bottom of each air channel, which breaks the connection of the second - metallization layer between adjacent air channels, and which also extends the gap depth within the combined air/electrode-separation channels further toward the first face of thepiezoelectric block. This transducer structure for an array of ink channels is particularly advantageous in that it provides for minimal mechanical crosstalk between adjacent ink channels. An alternate embodiment further minimizes crosstalk, by feeding ink from an ink reservoir to the ink channels via one or more slotted ink passages, which serve to reduce the transfer of pressure waves from one ink channel to another.
These and other aspects of the present invention are described more fully in following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing figures.
PATENT
Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinas Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of an inkjet print head structure for a single ink channel according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 iS a partial perspective view of the inkjet print head structure of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3A is a front view of a portion of the structure of a sheet of transducer material for an array of ink channels according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 3B is a perspective view of the sheet of transducer material shown in Fig. 3A.
- Figs. 4A-B illustrate the normal mode actuation of a block of piezoelectric material.
Figs. 5A-B illustrate the shear mode actuation of a block of piezoelectric material.
Fig. 6 is a partial diagram of the preferred print head transducer structure showing electric fields established therein.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the mechanical movement of the transducer in the preferred print head structure constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 9 depicts an alternate print head structure constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 10 depicts an ink feed structure for an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 shows the front view of an alternate print head CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
transducer structure according to the present invention, wherein the addressable electrode metallization layer is not symmetrically coated on the first and second wall portions.
Fig. 12 depicts the front view of a print head transducer according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a single channel of an inkjet print head structure 20 for a piezoelectric inkjet printer constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Print head structure 20 comprises a print head transducer 2, formed of a piezoelectric material, into which is cut an ink channel 29. The ink channel 29 iS bordered along one end with a nozzle plate 33 having an orifice 38 defined therethrough. A rear cover plate 4 8 iS suitably secured to the other end of ink channel 29. A base portion 36 of the print head transducer 2 forms the floor of the ink channel 29, while an ink channel cover 31 iS secured to the upper opening of the print head transducer 2. Ink channel 29 iS supplied with ink from an ink reservoir 10 through ink feed passage 47 in rear cover plate 48. As explained in more detail below, the actuation of the print head transducer 2 results in the expulsion of ink drops from ink channel 29 though the orifice 38 in nozzle plate 33.
Referring to Fig. 2, the print head transducer 2 of Fig. 1 iS shown in greater detail. The preferred print head transducer 2 comprises a first wall portion 32, a second wall portion 34, PATENT
and a base portion 36. The upper surfaces of the first and second wall portions 32 and 34 define a first face 7 of the printed head transducer 2, and the lower surface of the base portion 36 defines a second, opposite face 9 of the print head transducer 2. Ink channel 29 iS defined on three sides by the inner surface of the base portion 36 and the inner wall surfaces of the wall portions 32 and 34, and is an elongated channel cut into the piezoelectric material of the print head transducer 2, leaving a lengthwise opening along the upper first face 7 of the print head transducer 2. As described above, one end of ink channel 29 iS closed off by an nozzle plate 33 (Fig. 1) while the other end is closed off by a rear cover plate 48 (plates 33 and - 48 are not shown in Fig. 2). A metallization layer 24 coats the inner surfaces of ink channel 29 and is also deposited along the upper surfaces of the first wall portion 32 and second wall portion 34. An ink channel cover 31 is bonded over the first face 7 of the print head transducer 2, to close off the lengthwise lateral opening in the ink channel 29. A second metallization layer 22 coats the outer surfaces of the base portion 36, and also extends approximately halfway up each of the outer surfaces of the first and second wall portions 32 and 34.
The metallization layer 22 defines an addressable electrode 60, which is connected to an external signal source to provide electrical drive signals to actuate the piezoelectric material of print head transducer 2. In the preferred embodiment, the metallization layer 24 defines a common electrode PATENT
62 which is maintained at ground potential. Alternatively, the common electrode 62 may also be connected to an external voltage source to receive electrical drive signals. However, it is particularly advantageous to maintain the common electrode 62 at ground potential since the metallization layer 24 is in contact with the ink within ink channel 29. Having the common electrode at ground minimizes possible electrolysis effects upon the common electrode 62 and the ink within ink channel 29, which may degrade the performance and structure of both the common electrode 62 and/or the ink.
The preferred piezoelectric material forming the print head transducer 2 is PZT, although other piezoelectric materials -may also be employed in the present invention. The overall polarization vector direction ("poling direction") of print head transducer 2 lies substantially in the direction shown by the arrow 30 in Fig. 2, extending in a perpendicular direction from the second face 9 to the first face 7 of the print head transducer 2. The print head transducer 2 may have other poling directions within the scope of the present invention, including, but not limited to, a poling direction which lies substantially opposite (approximately 180 degrees) to the direction indicated by the arrow 30 in Fig 2.
In the preferred embodiment, print head transducer 2 is preferably formed from a single piece of piezoelectric material, rather than an assembly of separate components which are secured together into the desired structure (i.e., where the respective PATENT
wall portions are distinct components which are bonded or glued to a separate base portion). By forming the entire print head transducer 2 from a single piece of piezoelectric material, the deflection capability of the print head transducer 2 is thus not limited by the strength or stiffness of glue lines or joints between different transducer components.
In operation, the present invention works upon the principle of the piezoelectric effect, where the application of an electrical signal across certain faces of piezoelectric materials produces a corresponding mechanical distortion or strain in that material. In general, and of particular importance to the present invention, the mechanical reaction of a piezoelectric material to an electrical signal is heavily dependent upon the poling direction of the piezoelectric material, as well as the orientation of the applied electrical field to that piezoelectric material.
Figs. 4A and 4B depict the normal mode actuation of a typical piezoelectric material. In Fig. 4A, the piezoelectric material 72 has a poling direction as indicated by arrow 70. A
voltage source 74 is connected across two exterior faces of piezoelectric material 72, with the voltage source 74 applying an electric field parallel to the poling direction 70 of the material 72. As shown in Fig. 4B, this electric field causes a normal mode mechanical distortion of the piezoelectric material 72, wherein one polarity of the applied voltage will cause material 72 to elongate, becoming longer and thinner parallel to PATENT
the poling direction 70 of the piezoelectric material 72. The application of an opposite polarity voltage will cause material 72 to compress, becoming shorter and thicker, also parallel to the poling direction 70 of the piezoelectric material 72 (as shown in dashed lines in Fig. 4B).
Figs. 5A and 5B depict the shear mode actuation of a typical piezoelectric material 76. In Fig. 5A, the piezoelectric material 76 has a poling direction as indicated by arrow 78.
This time, however, the voltage source 74 iS connected across the 0 piezoelectric material 76 such that the application of voltage by the voltage source 74 creates an electric field which runs perpendicular to the poling direction of the piezoelectric -material 76. As shown in Fig. 5b, this electric field causes a shear mode mechanical distortion of the piezoelectric material 76, which causes material 76 to generally react by deflecting towards a parallelogram shape, rather than the elongated or compressed reaction of the normal mode. Depending upon the manner in which material 76 iS restrained or held by an external force, the material 76 may deform in a bending or twisting manner. The particular direction, type of movement, and field of movement for this mechanical distortion is dictated in part by the shape, dimensions and/or composition of the piezoelectric material 76, and also by the amplitude, polarity or frequency of the electrical signal which is applied to the material 76. In general, an applied voltage of one polarity will cause material 76 to bend in a first direction, and an applied voltage of the PATENT
opposite polarity will cause material 76 to bend in a second direction opposite that of the first.
Fig. 6 is a front view of one-half of the piezoelectric material for the preferred single channel print head transducer 2 (i.e., one wall portion and one-half of the base portion). As stated above, metallization layer 24 iS deposited on the interior surfaces of ink channel 29 and on the upper surface of the wall portion 34 to form the common electrode 62, which is preferably maintained at ground potential. Metallization layer 22 iS coated over approximately half the outer surface of wall portion 34 and over the lower outer surface of base portion 36 to define an addressable electrode 60, which is selectively connected to an -electrical signal source to drive the print head transducer 2.
Upon the application of a positive voltage signal to the addressable electrode 60, the orientation of the applied electric field established in the transducer material is substantially as shown in Fig. 6. At the center of the base portion 36 of the print head transducer 2, it can be seen that a substantial portion of the electric field generated between addressable electrode 60 and common electrode 62 iS in the same direction as the poling direction 30 of piezoelectric material, thereby substantially actuating that portion of the transducer material in the normal mode. At the wall portion 34, a substantial portion of the electric field generated between addressable electrode 60 and common electrode 62 iS perpendicular to the poling direction 30, thereby substantially actuating that portion CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
of the transducer in the shear mode toward the other lateral wall 32 (see Fig. 7). In the preferred embodiment, the electric field established between addressable electrode 60 and common electrode 62 changes in orientation, from the base portion 36 to the wall portion 34, substantially as shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 illustrates the movement of the transducer material in the preferred embodiment upon application of a positive voltage to the addressable electrode 60. The dashed lines in Fig. 7 indicate the directional extent of movement by the print head transducer 2 upon the application of a positive voltage.
Since the material of base portion 36 iS substantially actuated in the normal mode, that portion of the transducer material -becomes elongated in a direction substantially parallel to the poling direction 30 of the piezoelectric material, inwardly into the ink channel 29. Since portions of the piezoelectric material of the wall portion 32 and 34 substantially deflect in the shear mode, the wall portion bend inward, substantially perpendicular to the poling direction 30 of the piezoelectric material.
Therefore, the application of positive voltage to electrode 60 results in the movement of the base portion 36 and wall portions 32 and 34 of the print head transducer 2 inward, toward the ink channel 29, resulting in a diminishment of the interior volume of the ink channel 29. The extent of transducer movement illustrated in Fig. 7 has been exaggerated for clarity of explanation, and the particular range of movement actually produced by an embodiment of the present invention depends upon CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
the particular parameters of the print head transducer and/or electrical drive signal employed.
Fig. 8 illustrates the movement of transducer material in the preferred embodiment upon application of negative voltage to the addressable electrode 60. The dashed lines in Fig. 8 indicate the directional extent of movement by the transducer material upon the application of voltage to the electrode 60.
For the application of negative voltage, since the material of base portion 36 iS substantially actuated in the normal mode, that portion of the transducer material becomes shorter and wider. Portions of the piezoelectric material of wall portion 32 and 34 are actuated in the shear mode, and thus, the wall -portions bend outward, away from the ink channel 29. Therefore, the application of negative voltage results in a net volume increase in the interior area of the ink channel 29. Like the depiction in Fig. 7, the extent of transducer movement illustrated in Fig. 8 has been exaggerated for clarity of explanation, and the particular range of movement actually produced by an embodiment of the present invention depends upon the particular parameters of the print head transducer and/or electrical drive signal employed.
In operation, the application of an electrical drive signal to the addressable electrode 60 of the print head transducer 2 causes a mechanical movement or distortion of the walls of the ink channel 29, resulting in a volume change within the ink channel 29. This change in volume within the ink channel CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
29 generates an acoustic pressure wave within ink channel 29, and this pressure wave within the ink channel 29 provides energy to expel ink from orifice 38 of print head structure 20 onto a print medlum .
Of particular importance to the operation of the print head structure 20, and to the creation of acoustic pressure waves within the ink channel 29, are the particular parameters of the electrical drive signal which is applied to the transducer material of the print head structure 20. Manipulating the parameters of an applied electrical drive signal (e.g., the amplitude, frequency, and/or shape of the applied electrical waveform) may significantly affect the mechanical movement of the -print head transducer structure, which affects the characteristics of the acoustic pressure wave(s) acting within the ink channel 29, which in turn affects the size, volume, shape, speed, and/or quality of the ink drop expelled from the print head 20. Details of the preferred method to operate print head structure 20 are disclosed in copending application serial no. (N/A), entitled "Inkjet Print Head for Producing Variable Volume Droplets of Ink", Lyon & Lyon Docket No. 220/105, which is being filed concurrently with the present application, and the details of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. As disclosed in that copending application, the print head structure 20 iS preferably operated with variable amplitude multi-pulse sinusoidal input waveforms at the resonant frequency of the ink channel 29, which allows the expulsion of PATENT
variable volume ink drops from the print head structure 20 at substantially constant drop speeds.
Referring to Fig. 11, an alternative embodiment of the present invention is shown comprising a print head transducer 102 wherein the metallization layer forming the addressable electrode 104 is not symmetrically coated over the exterior surfaces of the first and second side wall portions 106 and 108. As shown in Fig. 11, the addressable electrode metallization layer 104 coated on the first side wall portion 106 extends to a height H1, while the coating at the second side wall portion 108 extends to a height H2, where H1 and H2 are not equal. Thus, application of voltage to the addressable electrode 104 in this embodiment will -tend to produce non-symmetrical movements of the side wall portions 106 and 108. Another embodiment of the present invention is depicted in Fig. 12, wherein a print head transducer 110 has an addressable electrode metallization layer 118 which coats only one-half of the exterior surface of the base portion 112 along with the exterior surface of only a single wall portion 116. In this embodiment, the application of voltage to the addressable electrode 118 will significantly actuate only half the print head transducer structure 110.
With reference to Figs. 3A and 3B, a multiple-channel inkjet print head constructed in accordance with the present invention comprises an array of print head structures 20, each having an ink channel 29 in the array linearly adjacent and substantially parallel to its neighboring ink channel 29. A
CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
single block, sheet, or wafer of piezoelectric material 21 is preferably used to manufacture the transducer portion of the array of ink channels. Figs. 3A and 3~3 show a portion of piezoelectric sheet 21 into which a series of substantially identical and generally parallel ink channels 29 have been cut into a first face 51 of sheet 21. Directly opposite from the first face 51 of sheet 21, a series of substantially identical and generally parallel air channels 50 are cut into a second face 53, with each air channel 50 interspaced between an adjacent ink channel 29. During the manufacturing process, the air channels 50 are initially cut to a depth approximately halfway along the cut depth of each ink channel 29, to approximately the relative distance marked by dashed lines 54 in Fig. 3A. A metallization layer 24, defining common electrode 62, iS deposited onto the inner surfaces and interior end of each ink channel 29, and over the first face S1 of sheet 21. Metallization layer 24 iS
connected continuously from ink channel to ink channel, and is preferably maintained at ground potential. Another metallization layer 22, defining the addressable electrodes 60, iS deposited onto the inner surfaces and interior end of each air channel 50 (up to and including the surface marked by dashed lines 54) and over the second face 53 of sheet 21, wlth the metallization layer 22 initially connected from air channel to air channel at the bottom 54 of each air channel 50. An electrode-separation channel 52 iS then cut into each air channels 50, which also breaks the connection between the individual metallization layers CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
22 within each air channel 50. Thus, the metallization layer 22 for each addressable electrode 60 is a discrete element, and the addressable electrodes 60 can then be separately and selectively connected to an electrical drive signal source. The electrode-separation channel 52 significantly extends the cut gap createdby the combined cut depths of the air channel S0 and the electrode-separation channel 52 towards the first face 51 of piezoelectric sheet 21. In the preferred embodiment, this method of manufacture results in the metallization layer 22 forming addressable electrode 60 extending down each air channel 50 to a position corresponding to approximately half the total cut depth of the adjacent ink channel 29. If the metallization layer 22 -extends to a position which is too far towards the first face 51 of sheet 21, then the actuation of the transducer material in the shear mode may cause the wall portions 32 and 34 to bend both towards and away from the interior of ink channel 29 at the same time, resulting in less than optimal volume displacement of the ink channel 29. If the metallization layer 22 does not extend far enough towards the first face 51, then the actuation of the transducer material will not produce the desired maximal movement of the wall portions 32 and 34, again resulting in less than optimal volume displacement of the ink channels 29. However, the above-disclosed metallization depth for the addressable electrodes may differ depending upon the specific application or print head configuration in which the present invention is utilized. For manufacturing purposes, the electrode-separation PATENT
channel 52, the air channels 50, and the ink channels 29 are all preferably cut with interior end-surfaces having a rounded bottom.
The lower cross-section of the base portion 36 of print head transducer 2 preferably has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front. The combination of the physical geometry of a rectangularly shaped cross-section for the base portion 36, along with the particular shape and orientation of the generated electric field resulting from a rectangularly shaped base portion 36, provides for an efficient combination of shear and normal mode actuation of the print head transducer 2. Further, a rectangular cross-sectional shape results in the lower surface of - base portion 36 having a relatively wide lower surface area on which to deposit a metallization layer 22 to form the addressable lS electrode 60. The relatively wide surface area on the lower surface of the base portion 36 provides for a greater portion of the electric field created between the addressable and common electrodes at the base portion 36 to have an orientation which actuates the base portion 36 in the normal mode, i.e., electric field orientation which is substantially parallel to the poling direction 30. Employing a base portion rectangular shape having rounded corners, rather than the sharp angular corners shown in Fig. 2, would not significantly affect the actuation of the print head transducer 2, and is expressly within the scope of the present invention. Alternatively, the lower cross-section of base portion 36 can be formed in the shape of an inverted CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
trapezoid, wherein the outer walls of the base portion 36 slant inward, toward each other, thereby narrowing the width of the lower surface of the base portion 36. This embodiment is less preferred than the above-described rectangular shape, since less surface areas is available along the lower surface of base portion 36 for the addressable electrode metallization layer, and the physical geometry is less efficient for actuation of the print head. A base portion having a lower cross-section in the shape of an inverted triangle is much less preferred than a rectangular shape, since the geometry is less efficient for actuating the print head, and since less lower surface area is available for deposition of an addressable electrode metallization layer, thereby decreasing efficient normal mode actuation of the base portion 36.
With reference to Fig. 9, the height H of the base portion 36 iS preferably equal to the width W of the wall portions 32 and 34. However, the present invention can be practiced with other height dimensions for base portion 36, and alternatively preferred embodiments comprise a base height range of approximately 0. 5 to 5 times the width W of wall portions 32 and 34.
An alternate embodiment of the present invention further comprises a base cover plate 61 which is bonded or glued to the lower outer surface of the base portion 36 (Fig. 9). The base cover plate 61 enhances the movement of the normal mode deflection of the base portion 36 when the print head transducer CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
2 iS actuated. When the base portion 36 is actuated in the normal mode with a positive polarity electrical signal, the material of the base portion has a tendency to deform in an elongated manner parallel to the poling direction 30, with the upper surface of the base portion 36 elongating upward toward the ink channel 29, and the lower surface of the base portion 36 elongating downward, away from the ink channel 29. The base cover plate 61 provides a restraining force on the outer lower surface of base 36, resisting the movement of the lower surface of the base portion 36. The physical result of the restraining force applied by the base cover plate 61 is for the upper surface of base portion 36 to further elongate upward, increasing the - volume displacement within ink channel 29 by enhancing the distance that the base portion 36 elongates into the ink channel 29. Likewise, when the base 36 is actuated with a negative polarity electrical drive signal, the base cover plate 61 restrains the tendency of the lower surface of the base portion 36 to deform in a compressive manner. The base portion 36 physically compensates for this restraining force by increasing the movement of the upper surface of the base portion 36 downward, away from the ink channel 29, thereby enhancing the volume change within the ink channel 29 from the normal mode deflection of the base portion 36.
In the preferred embodiment, metallization layers 22 and 24 are formed of gold, and are sputter-deposited onto the piezoelectric sheet 21. The cuts made in the piezoelectric sheet -220~202 PATENT
21 are preferably made with diamond saws, utilizins techniques and apparatuses familiar to those skilled in the semiconductor lntegrated circuit manufacturing arts. The ink channel cover 31 is preferably glued or bonded to the metallization layer 24 on the upper surface of sheet 21 to close off the ink channels 29.
The nozzle plate 33 and rear cover plate 48 are preferably glued or bonded to the front and rear surfaces of sheet 21, respectively. The ink channel cover 31, base cover plate 61, and nozzle plate 33 should preferably be formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with each other.
The nozzle is formed of gold-plated nickel in the preferred embodiment, although other materials such as PZT are within the -scope of this invention. The ink channel cover 31 and base cover plate 61 are preferably formed of PZT, although other materials may also be appropriately used within the scope of this invention, including but not limited to silicon, glass, and various metallic materials.
An advantageous aspect of the present invention is that a multiple-channel print head can be formed from a single sheet of piezoelectric material that has been pre-polarized in an appropriate poling direction prior to manufacture of the print head structure 20. This ability to manufacture with a pre-polarized block of material is a significant advantage over the prior art piezoelectric print head structures, which may require the polarization of the piezoelectric material later in the manufacturing cycle. By using a pre-polarized sheet of PATENT
piezoelectric material, more consistency is obtained with regard to the overall polarization of the piezoelectric material employed. For example, a pre-polarized sheet of piezoelectric material can be thoroughly tested for the appropriate piezoelectric properties prior to machining, rather than after the expense and efforts of machining have already been performed on a particular sheet of piezoelectric material.
Another advantageous aspect of the present invention is that the alternating air/ink channel design of the preferred print head serves to reduce mechanical crosstalk between adjacent ink channels normally resulting from the motion of the actuated piezoelectric transducer material. Thus, although the preferred -embodiment allows a densely packed array of ink channels to be placed together, this structure also tends to reduce interference which may occur from one ink channel to the next. This favorable reduction in crosstalk in the preferred design is due to the comparatively small extent of mechanical coupling between the adjacent ink channels, and is also due to the insulating properties of the cut gap formed by the combined air channels 50 and electrode separation channels 52.
Supplying ink to the individual ink channels from a common ink reservoir 10 may create a crosstalk path, since pressure waves from one ink channel 29 may travel through the ink feed passageway 49 to an adjacent ink channel, and these unwanted pressure waves will, in turn, affect the efficient operation of the adjacent ink channel. Thus, to further reduce crosstalk, in PATENT
an alternate embodiment of the present invention there is provided a protective ink feed structure to supply ink from the ink reservoir 10 to the ink channel 29. Fig. 10 is a view of the rear of print head structure 20, showing the path of a central ink feed passage 49, which may be formed as part of rear cover plate 48 (not shown in Fig. 10), that extends from the ink reservoir 10 the individual ink channels 29. One or more slotted passageways 47 extend from the central ink feed passage 49 to each ink channel 29. Each slotted passageway 47 is a grooved indentation formed in the rear cover plate 48, extending in length from the ink feed passageway 49 to the bottom of each ink channel 29. Each slotted passageway 47 in rear cover plate 48 has a tapering curve along its length substantially as shown in Fig. 1. Each slotted passageway 47 preferably has a slot width which is approximately the same width as the ink channels 29.
In operation, ink is constantly supplied to the central ink supply passage 49 from the ink reservoir 10, and when required by an individual ink channel 29, the ink is then drawn from the ink supply passage 49 through a slotted passageway 47 into the ink channel 29 by the pressure difference caused by the movement of the print head transducer 2, along with the pressure difference caused by the surface tension forces of the meniscus at the ink channel orifice. The use of slots or slotted passageway to supply ink to an ink channel, such as slotted passageway 47, helps to reduce the amplitude of pressure waves which escape the ink channels 29, reducing the probably that the PATENT
escaping pressure waves will affect the operation of neighboring ink channels. This is in due in part to the length of the slotted passageways 49, which increases the distance that a pressure wave must travel to affect a neighboring ink channel 29, thereby diminishing the strength of the escaping pressure waves.
In addition, the slotted passageways 49 are small enough in width to substantially prevent high frequency pressure waves from intruding into other ink channels.
Set forth in Table I are acceptable parameters for the block 21 of piezoelectric material forming the transducer for the preferred embodiment:
- TABLE I
Structure Dimension A. Thickness of PZT sheet 0.0240 in.
B. Cut width of ink channel 0.0030 in.
C. Cut depth of ink channel 0.0193 in.
D. Length of ink channel 0.2000 in.
E. Cut width of air channel 0.0030 in.
F. Cut depth of air channel 0.0118 in.
~ G. Cut width of electrode-separation channel 0.0020 in.
H. Cut depth of combined air channel 0.0213 in.
and electrode-separation channel I. Distance from ink channel center to 0.0100 in.
adjacent ink channel center J. Distance from ink channel center to 0.0050 in.
adjacent air channel center K. Diameter of orifice in nozzle plate 0.0014 in.
PATENT
The particular dimensions set forth above are the respective parameters of the preferred embodiment, and are not intended to be limiting in any way, since alternate print head structures within the scope of the present invention may have structural dimensions which differ from those set forth in Table I, depending upon the particular application in which this invention is used. In addition, those of skill in the art will realize that the voltage polarities or piezoelectric material poling directions employed and described above for the preferred embodiments could be reversed without affecting the scope or breadth of the disclosed invention. Further, the range and/or type of mechanical movement or distortion described and/or shown - in connection with Figs. 6-9 are for the purposes of illustration only, to pictorially facilitate the explanation of the invention, and are not intended to be limiting in any way, since different shapes, dimensions or parameters of the transducer material could be employed within the scope of the present invention to create or actuate other types of transducer movement or distortion. In addition, positional orientation terms such "lateral", "top", and "rear" are used to describe certain relative structural aspects of the preferred embodiment; however, these relative positional terms are used only to facilitate the explanation of the invention, and are not intended to limit in any way the scope of the invention.
While embodiments, applications and advantages of the invention have been shown and described with sufficient clarity to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the invention, it PATENT
would be equally apparent to those skilled in the art that many more embodiments, applications and advantages are possible without deviating from the inventive concepts disclosed, described, and claimed herein. The invention, therefore, should only be restricted in accordance with the spirit of the claims appended hereto or their equivalents, and is not to be restricted by specification, drawings, or the description of the preferred embodiments.
structures, when placed next to each other within an array to create a multi-channel print head, tend to produce undesirable "crosstalk" between adjacent ink chambers, which interferes with the accurate ejection of ink from the print head.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a print head structure which can be advantageously and economically manufactured, but can also be placed in a densely packed array of such structures for a multiple-channel print head for increased output dot density. Further, there is a need for a multi-channel print head structure which minimizes undesirable crosstalk effects.
- Summarv of the Invention The present invention comprises an inkjet print head wherein the placement of the transducer electrodes in combination with the particular poling direction (overall polarization direction) of the print head transducer material provides for an efficient combination of shear and normal mode actuation of the print head. According to one embodiment of the invention, a print head transducer is defined by a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion, in which the interior walls of these wall and base portions form three sides of an ink channel. The upper surfaces of the wall portions define a first face of the print head transducer, and the lower surface of the base portion defines a second, opposite face of the transducer.
A metallization layer, forming a common electrode, is deposited PATENT
on the interior surfaces of the ink channel and along the upper surfaces of the first and second wall portions. A second metallization layer, forming the addressable electrode, is deposited on the entire outer surface of the base portion, and on a portion of the outer surfaces of the first and second wall portions. The poling direction of the piezoelectric material ~ forming the print head transducer is substantially perpendicular to the electric field direction between the addressable electrodes and the common electrode at the first and second wall portions, providing fo~ shear mode deflection of the wall portions, toward or away from each other, upon the application of an electrical drive signal to the addressable electrodes. The -poling direction of the piezoelectric material forming the print head transducer is substantially parallel to the electric field direction between the addressable electrodes and the common electrode at the center of the base portion, providing for normal mode actuation of the center of the base portion when an electrical drive signal is applied. The metallization layer forming the addressable electrodes preferably extends halfway along the height of the wall portions. The metallization layer forming the common electrode is preferably maintained at ground potential.
The present invention also comprises a plurality of ink ejecting structures capable of being densely packed into a linear array of multiple ink channels. This array comprises a transducer formed from a sheet, wafer or block of piezoelectric PATENT
material, into which a series of ink channels are cut into a first face of the piezoelectric sheet material. A second opposite face of the piezoelectric sheet contains a series of air channels, each of which are interspaced between each of the ink channels. A metallization layer forming the common electrode is coated over the first face of the sheet and on the interior surface of each ink channel. A second metallization layer forming the addressable electrodes is coated over the second face and on the interior surface of each air channel, with the second metallization layer initially connected from air channel to air channel. An electrode-separation channel is cut into the bottom of each air channel, which breaks the connection of the second - metallization layer between adjacent air channels, and which also extends the gap depth within the combined air/electrode-separation channels further toward the first face of thepiezoelectric block. This transducer structure for an array of ink channels is particularly advantageous in that it provides for minimal mechanical crosstalk between adjacent ink channels. An alternate embodiment further minimizes crosstalk, by feeding ink from an ink reservoir to the ink channels via one or more slotted ink passages, which serve to reduce the transfer of pressure waves from one ink channel to another.
These and other aspects of the present invention are described more fully in following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing figures.
PATENT
Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinas Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of an inkjet print head structure for a single ink channel according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 iS a partial perspective view of the inkjet print head structure of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3A is a front view of a portion of the structure of a sheet of transducer material for an array of ink channels according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 3B is a perspective view of the sheet of transducer material shown in Fig. 3A.
- Figs. 4A-B illustrate the normal mode actuation of a block of piezoelectric material.
Figs. 5A-B illustrate the shear mode actuation of a block of piezoelectric material.
Fig. 6 is a partial diagram of the preferred print head transducer structure showing electric fields established therein.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the mechanical movement of the transducer in the preferred print head structure constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 9 depicts an alternate print head structure constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 10 depicts an ink feed structure for an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 shows the front view of an alternate print head CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
transducer structure according to the present invention, wherein the addressable electrode metallization layer is not symmetrically coated on the first and second wall portions.
Fig. 12 depicts the front view of a print head transducer according to an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a single channel of an inkjet print head structure 20 for a piezoelectric inkjet printer constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Print head structure 20 comprises a print head transducer 2, formed of a piezoelectric material, into which is cut an ink channel 29. The ink channel 29 iS bordered along one end with a nozzle plate 33 having an orifice 38 defined therethrough. A rear cover plate 4 8 iS suitably secured to the other end of ink channel 29. A base portion 36 of the print head transducer 2 forms the floor of the ink channel 29, while an ink channel cover 31 iS secured to the upper opening of the print head transducer 2. Ink channel 29 iS supplied with ink from an ink reservoir 10 through ink feed passage 47 in rear cover plate 48. As explained in more detail below, the actuation of the print head transducer 2 results in the expulsion of ink drops from ink channel 29 though the orifice 38 in nozzle plate 33.
Referring to Fig. 2, the print head transducer 2 of Fig. 1 iS shown in greater detail. The preferred print head transducer 2 comprises a first wall portion 32, a second wall portion 34, PATENT
and a base portion 36. The upper surfaces of the first and second wall portions 32 and 34 define a first face 7 of the printed head transducer 2, and the lower surface of the base portion 36 defines a second, opposite face 9 of the print head transducer 2. Ink channel 29 iS defined on three sides by the inner surface of the base portion 36 and the inner wall surfaces of the wall portions 32 and 34, and is an elongated channel cut into the piezoelectric material of the print head transducer 2, leaving a lengthwise opening along the upper first face 7 of the print head transducer 2. As described above, one end of ink channel 29 iS closed off by an nozzle plate 33 (Fig. 1) while the other end is closed off by a rear cover plate 48 (plates 33 and - 48 are not shown in Fig. 2). A metallization layer 24 coats the inner surfaces of ink channel 29 and is also deposited along the upper surfaces of the first wall portion 32 and second wall portion 34. An ink channel cover 31 is bonded over the first face 7 of the print head transducer 2, to close off the lengthwise lateral opening in the ink channel 29. A second metallization layer 22 coats the outer surfaces of the base portion 36, and also extends approximately halfway up each of the outer surfaces of the first and second wall portions 32 and 34.
The metallization layer 22 defines an addressable electrode 60, which is connected to an external signal source to provide electrical drive signals to actuate the piezoelectric material of print head transducer 2. In the preferred embodiment, the metallization layer 24 defines a common electrode PATENT
62 which is maintained at ground potential. Alternatively, the common electrode 62 may also be connected to an external voltage source to receive electrical drive signals. However, it is particularly advantageous to maintain the common electrode 62 at ground potential since the metallization layer 24 is in contact with the ink within ink channel 29. Having the common electrode at ground minimizes possible electrolysis effects upon the common electrode 62 and the ink within ink channel 29, which may degrade the performance and structure of both the common electrode 62 and/or the ink.
The preferred piezoelectric material forming the print head transducer 2 is PZT, although other piezoelectric materials -may also be employed in the present invention. The overall polarization vector direction ("poling direction") of print head transducer 2 lies substantially in the direction shown by the arrow 30 in Fig. 2, extending in a perpendicular direction from the second face 9 to the first face 7 of the print head transducer 2. The print head transducer 2 may have other poling directions within the scope of the present invention, including, but not limited to, a poling direction which lies substantially opposite (approximately 180 degrees) to the direction indicated by the arrow 30 in Fig 2.
In the preferred embodiment, print head transducer 2 is preferably formed from a single piece of piezoelectric material, rather than an assembly of separate components which are secured together into the desired structure (i.e., where the respective PATENT
wall portions are distinct components which are bonded or glued to a separate base portion). By forming the entire print head transducer 2 from a single piece of piezoelectric material, the deflection capability of the print head transducer 2 is thus not limited by the strength or stiffness of glue lines or joints between different transducer components.
In operation, the present invention works upon the principle of the piezoelectric effect, where the application of an electrical signal across certain faces of piezoelectric materials produces a corresponding mechanical distortion or strain in that material. In general, and of particular importance to the present invention, the mechanical reaction of a piezoelectric material to an electrical signal is heavily dependent upon the poling direction of the piezoelectric material, as well as the orientation of the applied electrical field to that piezoelectric material.
Figs. 4A and 4B depict the normal mode actuation of a typical piezoelectric material. In Fig. 4A, the piezoelectric material 72 has a poling direction as indicated by arrow 70. A
voltage source 74 is connected across two exterior faces of piezoelectric material 72, with the voltage source 74 applying an electric field parallel to the poling direction 70 of the material 72. As shown in Fig. 4B, this electric field causes a normal mode mechanical distortion of the piezoelectric material 72, wherein one polarity of the applied voltage will cause material 72 to elongate, becoming longer and thinner parallel to PATENT
the poling direction 70 of the piezoelectric material 72. The application of an opposite polarity voltage will cause material 72 to compress, becoming shorter and thicker, also parallel to the poling direction 70 of the piezoelectric material 72 (as shown in dashed lines in Fig. 4B).
Figs. 5A and 5B depict the shear mode actuation of a typical piezoelectric material 76. In Fig. 5A, the piezoelectric material 76 has a poling direction as indicated by arrow 78.
This time, however, the voltage source 74 iS connected across the 0 piezoelectric material 76 such that the application of voltage by the voltage source 74 creates an electric field which runs perpendicular to the poling direction of the piezoelectric -material 76. As shown in Fig. 5b, this electric field causes a shear mode mechanical distortion of the piezoelectric material 76, which causes material 76 to generally react by deflecting towards a parallelogram shape, rather than the elongated or compressed reaction of the normal mode. Depending upon the manner in which material 76 iS restrained or held by an external force, the material 76 may deform in a bending or twisting manner. The particular direction, type of movement, and field of movement for this mechanical distortion is dictated in part by the shape, dimensions and/or composition of the piezoelectric material 76, and also by the amplitude, polarity or frequency of the electrical signal which is applied to the material 76. In general, an applied voltage of one polarity will cause material 76 to bend in a first direction, and an applied voltage of the PATENT
opposite polarity will cause material 76 to bend in a second direction opposite that of the first.
Fig. 6 is a front view of one-half of the piezoelectric material for the preferred single channel print head transducer 2 (i.e., one wall portion and one-half of the base portion). As stated above, metallization layer 24 iS deposited on the interior surfaces of ink channel 29 and on the upper surface of the wall portion 34 to form the common electrode 62, which is preferably maintained at ground potential. Metallization layer 22 iS coated over approximately half the outer surface of wall portion 34 and over the lower outer surface of base portion 36 to define an addressable electrode 60, which is selectively connected to an -electrical signal source to drive the print head transducer 2.
Upon the application of a positive voltage signal to the addressable electrode 60, the orientation of the applied electric field established in the transducer material is substantially as shown in Fig. 6. At the center of the base portion 36 of the print head transducer 2, it can be seen that a substantial portion of the electric field generated between addressable electrode 60 and common electrode 62 iS in the same direction as the poling direction 30 of piezoelectric material, thereby substantially actuating that portion of the transducer material in the normal mode. At the wall portion 34, a substantial portion of the electric field generated between addressable electrode 60 and common electrode 62 iS perpendicular to the poling direction 30, thereby substantially actuating that portion CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
of the transducer in the shear mode toward the other lateral wall 32 (see Fig. 7). In the preferred embodiment, the electric field established between addressable electrode 60 and common electrode 62 changes in orientation, from the base portion 36 to the wall portion 34, substantially as shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 illustrates the movement of the transducer material in the preferred embodiment upon application of a positive voltage to the addressable electrode 60. The dashed lines in Fig. 7 indicate the directional extent of movement by the print head transducer 2 upon the application of a positive voltage.
Since the material of base portion 36 iS substantially actuated in the normal mode, that portion of the transducer material -becomes elongated in a direction substantially parallel to the poling direction 30 of the piezoelectric material, inwardly into the ink channel 29. Since portions of the piezoelectric material of the wall portion 32 and 34 substantially deflect in the shear mode, the wall portion bend inward, substantially perpendicular to the poling direction 30 of the piezoelectric material.
Therefore, the application of positive voltage to electrode 60 results in the movement of the base portion 36 and wall portions 32 and 34 of the print head transducer 2 inward, toward the ink channel 29, resulting in a diminishment of the interior volume of the ink channel 29. The extent of transducer movement illustrated in Fig. 7 has been exaggerated for clarity of explanation, and the particular range of movement actually produced by an embodiment of the present invention depends upon CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
the particular parameters of the print head transducer and/or electrical drive signal employed.
Fig. 8 illustrates the movement of transducer material in the preferred embodiment upon application of negative voltage to the addressable electrode 60. The dashed lines in Fig. 8 indicate the directional extent of movement by the transducer material upon the application of voltage to the electrode 60.
For the application of negative voltage, since the material of base portion 36 iS substantially actuated in the normal mode, that portion of the transducer material becomes shorter and wider. Portions of the piezoelectric material of wall portion 32 and 34 are actuated in the shear mode, and thus, the wall -portions bend outward, away from the ink channel 29. Therefore, the application of negative voltage results in a net volume increase in the interior area of the ink channel 29. Like the depiction in Fig. 7, the extent of transducer movement illustrated in Fig. 8 has been exaggerated for clarity of explanation, and the particular range of movement actually produced by an embodiment of the present invention depends upon the particular parameters of the print head transducer and/or electrical drive signal employed.
In operation, the application of an electrical drive signal to the addressable electrode 60 of the print head transducer 2 causes a mechanical movement or distortion of the walls of the ink channel 29, resulting in a volume change within the ink channel 29. This change in volume within the ink channel CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
29 generates an acoustic pressure wave within ink channel 29, and this pressure wave within the ink channel 29 provides energy to expel ink from orifice 38 of print head structure 20 onto a print medlum .
Of particular importance to the operation of the print head structure 20, and to the creation of acoustic pressure waves within the ink channel 29, are the particular parameters of the electrical drive signal which is applied to the transducer material of the print head structure 20. Manipulating the parameters of an applied electrical drive signal (e.g., the amplitude, frequency, and/or shape of the applied electrical waveform) may significantly affect the mechanical movement of the -print head transducer structure, which affects the characteristics of the acoustic pressure wave(s) acting within the ink channel 29, which in turn affects the size, volume, shape, speed, and/or quality of the ink drop expelled from the print head 20. Details of the preferred method to operate print head structure 20 are disclosed in copending application serial no. (N/A), entitled "Inkjet Print Head for Producing Variable Volume Droplets of Ink", Lyon & Lyon Docket No. 220/105, which is being filed concurrently with the present application, and the details of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. As disclosed in that copending application, the print head structure 20 iS preferably operated with variable amplitude multi-pulse sinusoidal input waveforms at the resonant frequency of the ink channel 29, which allows the expulsion of PATENT
variable volume ink drops from the print head structure 20 at substantially constant drop speeds.
Referring to Fig. 11, an alternative embodiment of the present invention is shown comprising a print head transducer 102 wherein the metallization layer forming the addressable electrode 104 is not symmetrically coated over the exterior surfaces of the first and second side wall portions 106 and 108. As shown in Fig. 11, the addressable electrode metallization layer 104 coated on the first side wall portion 106 extends to a height H1, while the coating at the second side wall portion 108 extends to a height H2, where H1 and H2 are not equal. Thus, application of voltage to the addressable electrode 104 in this embodiment will -tend to produce non-symmetrical movements of the side wall portions 106 and 108. Another embodiment of the present invention is depicted in Fig. 12, wherein a print head transducer 110 has an addressable electrode metallization layer 118 which coats only one-half of the exterior surface of the base portion 112 along with the exterior surface of only a single wall portion 116. In this embodiment, the application of voltage to the addressable electrode 118 will significantly actuate only half the print head transducer structure 110.
With reference to Figs. 3A and 3B, a multiple-channel inkjet print head constructed in accordance with the present invention comprises an array of print head structures 20, each having an ink channel 29 in the array linearly adjacent and substantially parallel to its neighboring ink channel 29. A
CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
single block, sheet, or wafer of piezoelectric material 21 is preferably used to manufacture the transducer portion of the array of ink channels. Figs. 3A and 3~3 show a portion of piezoelectric sheet 21 into which a series of substantially identical and generally parallel ink channels 29 have been cut into a first face 51 of sheet 21. Directly opposite from the first face 51 of sheet 21, a series of substantially identical and generally parallel air channels 50 are cut into a second face 53, with each air channel 50 interspaced between an adjacent ink channel 29. During the manufacturing process, the air channels 50 are initially cut to a depth approximately halfway along the cut depth of each ink channel 29, to approximately the relative distance marked by dashed lines 54 in Fig. 3A. A metallization layer 24, defining common electrode 62, iS deposited onto the inner surfaces and interior end of each ink channel 29, and over the first face S1 of sheet 21. Metallization layer 24 iS
connected continuously from ink channel to ink channel, and is preferably maintained at ground potential. Another metallization layer 22, defining the addressable electrodes 60, iS deposited onto the inner surfaces and interior end of each air channel 50 (up to and including the surface marked by dashed lines 54) and over the second face 53 of sheet 21, wlth the metallization layer 22 initially connected from air channel to air channel at the bottom 54 of each air channel 50. An electrode-separation channel 52 iS then cut into each air channels 50, which also breaks the connection between the individual metallization layers CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
22 within each air channel 50. Thus, the metallization layer 22 for each addressable electrode 60 is a discrete element, and the addressable electrodes 60 can then be separately and selectively connected to an electrical drive signal source. The electrode-separation channel 52 significantly extends the cut gap createdby the combined cut depths of the air channel S0 and the electrode-separation channel 52 towards the first face 51 of piezoelectric sheet 21. In the preferred embodiment, this method of manufacture results in the metallization layer 22 forming addressable electrode 60 extending down each air channel 50 to a position corresponding to approximately half the total cut depth of the adjacent ink channel 29. If the metallization layer 22 -extends to a position which is too far towards the first face 51 of sheet 21, then the actuation of the transducer material in the shear mode may cause the wall portions 32 and 34 to bend both towards and away from the interior of ink channel 29 at the same time, resulting in less than optimal volume displacement of the ink channel 29. If the metallization layer 22 does not extend far enough towards the first face 51, then the actuation of the transducer material will not produce the desired maximal movement of the wall portions 32 and 34, again resulting in less than optimal volume displacement of the ink channels 29. However, the above-disclosed metallization depth for the addressable electrodes may differ depending upon the specific application or print head configuration in which the present invention is utilized. For manufacturing purposes, the electrode-separation PATENT
channel 52, the air channels 50, and the ink channels 29 are all preferably cut with interior end-surfaces having a rounded bottom.
The lower cross-section of the base portion 36 of print head transducer 2 preferably has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front. The combination of the physical geometry of a rectangularly shaped cross-section for the base portion 36, along with the particular shape and orientation of the generated electric field resulting from a rectangularly shaped base portion 36, provides for an efficient combination of shear and normal mode actuation of the print head transducer 2. Further, a rectangular cross-sectional shape results in the lower surface of - base portion 36 having a relatively wide lower surface area on which to deposit a metallization layer 22 to form the addressable lS electrode 60. The relatively wide surface area on the lower surface of the base portion 36 provides for a greater portion of the electric field created between the addressable and common electrodes at the base portion 36 to have an orientation which actuates the base portion 36 in the normal mode, i.e., electric field orientation which is substantially parallel to the poling direction 30. Employing a base portion rectangular shape having rounded corners, rather than the sharp angular corners shown in Fig. 2, would not significantly affect the actuation of the print head transducer 2, and is expressly within the scope of the present invention. Alternatively, the lower cross-section of base portion 36 can be formed in the shape of an inverted CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
trapezoid, wherein the outer walls of the base portion 36 slant inward, toward each other, thereby narrowing the width of the lower surface of the base portion 36. This embodiment is less preferred than the above-described rectangular shape, since less surface areas is available along the lower surface of base portion 36 for the addressable electrode metallization layer, and the physical geometry is less efficient for actuation of the print head. A base portion having a lower cross-section in the shape of an inverted triangle is much less preferred than a rectangular shape, since the geometry is less efficient for actuating the print head, and since less lower surface area is available for deposition of an addressable electrode metallization layer, thereby decreasing efficient normal mode actuation of the base portion 36.
With reference to Fig. 9, the height H of the base portion 36 iS preferably equal to the width W of the wall portions 32 and 34. However, the present invention can be practiced with other height dimensions for base portion 36, and alternatively preferred embodiments comprise a base height range of approximately 0. 5 to 5 times the width W of wall portions 32 and 34.
An alternate embodiment of the present invention further comprises a base cover plate 61 which is bonded or glued to the lower outer surface of the base portion 36 (Fig. 9). The base cover plate 61 enhances the movement of the normal mode deflection of the base portion 36 when the print head transducer CA 022ll238 l997-07-23 PATENT
2 iS actuated. When the base portion 36 is actuated in the normal mode with a positive polarity electrical signal, the material of the base portion has a tendency to deform in an elongated manner parallel to the poling direction 30, with the upper surface of the base portion 36 elongating upward toward the ink channel 29, and the lower surface of the base portion 36 elongating downward, away from the ink channel 29. The base cover plate 61 provides a restraining force on the outer lower surface of base 36, resisting the movement of the lower surface of the base portion 36. The physical result of the restraining force applied by the base cover plate 61 is for the upper surface of base portion 36 to further elongate upward, increasing the - volume displacement within ink channel 29 by enhancing the distance that the base portion 36 elongates into the ink channel 29. Likewise, when the base 36 is actuated with a negative polarity electrical drive signal, the base cover plate 61 restrains the tendency of the lower surface of the base portion 36 to deform in a compressive manner. The base portion 36 physically compensates for this restraining force by increasing the movement of the upper surface of the base portion 36 downward, away from the ink channel 29, thereby enhancing the volume change within the ink channel 29 from the normal mode deflection of the base portion 36.
In the preferred embodiment, metallization layers 22 and 24 are formed of gold, and are sputter-deposited onto the piezoelectric sheet 21. The cuts made in the piezoelectric sheet -220~202 PATENT
21 are preferably made with diamond saws, utilizins techniques and apparatuses familiar to those skilled in the semiconductor lntegrated circuit manufacturing arts. The ink channel cover 31 is preferably glued or bonded to the metallization layer 24 on the upper surface of sheet 21 to close off the ink channels 29.
The nozzle plate 33 and rear cover plate 48 are preferably glued or bonded to the front and rear surfaces of sheet 21, respectively. The ink channel cover 31, base cover plate 61, and nozzle plate 33 should preferably be formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with each other.
The nozzle is formed of gold-plated nickel in the preferred embodiment, although other materials such as PZT are within the -scope of this invention. The ink channel cover 31 and base cover plate 61 are preferably formed of PZT, although other materials may also be appropriately used within the scope of this invention, including but not limited to silicon, glass, and various metallic materials.
An advantageous aspect of the present invention is that a multiple-channel print head can be formed from a single sheet of piezoelectric material that has been pre-polarized in an appropriate poling direction prior to manufacture of the print head structure 20. This ability to manufacture with a pre-polarized block of material is a significant advantage over the prior art piezoelectric print head structures, which may require the polarization of the piezoelectric material later in the manufacturing cycle. By using a pre-polarized sheet of PATENT
piezoelectric material, more consistency is obtained with regard to the overall polarization of the piezoelectric material employed. For example, a pre-polarized sheet of piezoelectric material can be thoroughly tested for the appropriate piezoelectric properties prior to machining, rather than after the expense and efforts of machining have already been performed on a particular sheet of piezoelectric material.
Another advantageous aspect of the present invention is that the alternating air/ink channel design of the preferred print head serves to reduce mechanical crosstalk between adjacent ink channels normally resulting from the motion of the actuated piezoelectric transducer material. Thus, although the preferred -embodiment allows a densely packed array of ink channels to be placed together, this structure also tends to reduce interference which may occur from one ink channel to the next. This favorable reduction in crosstalk in the preferred design is due to the comparatively small extent of mechanical coupling between the adjacent ink channels, and is also due to the insulating properties of the cut gap formed by the combined air channels 50 and electrode separation channels 52.
Supplying ink to the individual ink channels from a common ink reservoir 10 may create a crosstalk path, since pressure waves from one ink channel 29 may travel through the ink feed passageway 49 to an adjacent ink channel, and these unwanted pressure waves will, in turn, affect the efficient operation of the adjacent ink channel. Thus, to further reduce crosstalk, in PATENT
an alternate embodiment of the present invention there is provided a protective ink feed structure to supply ink from the ink reservoir 10 to the ink channel 29. Fig. 10 is a view of the rear of print head structure 20, showing the path of a central ink feed passage 49, which may be formed as part of rear cover plate 48 (not shown in Fig. 10), that extends from the ink reservoir 10 the individual ink channels 29. One or more slotted passageways 47 extend from the central ink feed passage 49 to each ink channel 29. Each slotted passageway 47 is a grooved indentation formed in the rear cover plate 48, extending in length from the ink feed passageway 49 to the bottom of each ink channel 29. Each slotted passageway 47 in rear cover plate 48 has a tapering curve along its length substantially as shown in Fig. 1. Each slotted passageway 47 preferably has a slot width which is approximately the same width as the ink channels 29.
In operation, ink is constantly supplied to the central ink supply passage 49 from the ink reservoir 10, and when required by an individual ink channel 29, the ink is then drawn from the ink supply passage 49 through a slotted passageway 47 into the ink channel 29 by the pressure difference caused by the movement of the print head transducer 2, along with the pressure difference caused by the surface tension forces of the meniscus at the ink channel orifice. The use of slots or slotted passageway to supply ink to an ink channel, such as slotted passageway 47, helps to reduce the amplitude of pressure waves which escape the ink channels 29, reducing the probably that the PATENT
escaping pressure waves will affect the operation of neighboring ink channels. This is in due in part to the length of the slotted passageways 49, which increases the distance that a pressure wave must travel to affect a neighboring ink channel 29, thereby diminishing the strength of the escaping pressure waves.
In addition, the slotted passageways 49 are small enough in width to substantially prevent high frequency pressure waves from intruding into other ink channels.
Set forth in Table I are acceptable parameters for the block 21 of piezoelectric material forming the transducer for the preferred embodiment:
- TABLE I
Structure Dimension A. Thickness of PZT sheet 0.0240 in.
B. Cut width of ink channel 0.0030 in.
C. Cut depth of ink channel 0.0193 in.
D. Length of ink channel 0.2000 in.
E. Cut width of air channel 0.0030 in.
F. Cut depth of air channel 0.0118 in.
~ G. Cut width of electrode-separation channel 0.0020 in.
H. Cut depth of combined air channel 0.0213 in.
and electrode-separation channel I. Distance from ink channel center to 0.0100 in.
adjacent ink channel center J. Distance from ink channel center to 0.0050 in.
adjacent air channel center K. Diameter of orifice in nozzle plate 0.0014 in.
PATENT
The particular dimensions set forth above are the respective parameters of the preferred embodiment, and are not intended to be limiting in any way, since alternate print head structures within the scope of the present invention may have structural dimensions which differ from those set forth in Table I, depending upon the particular application in which this invention is used. In addition, those of skill in the art will realize that the voltage polarities or piezoelectric material poling directions employed and described above for the preferred embodiments could be reversed without affecting the scope or breadth of the disclosed invention. Further, the range and/or type of mechanical movement or distortion described and/or shown - in connection with Figs. 6-9 are for the purposes of illustration only, to pictorially facilitate the explanation of the invention, and are not intended to be limiting in any way, since different shapes, dimensions or parameters of the transducer material could be employed within the scope of the present invention to create or actuate other types of transducer movement or distortion. In addition, positional orientation terms such "lateral", "top", and "rear" are used to describe certain relative structural aspects of the preferred embodiment; however, these relative positional terms are used only to facilitate the explanation of the invention, and are not intended to limit in any way the scope of the invention.
While embodiments, applications and advantages of the invention have been shown and described with sufficient clarity to enable one skilled in the art to make and use the invention, it PATENT
would be equally apparent to those skilled in the art that many more embodiments, applications and advantages are possible without deviating from the inventive concepts disclosed, described, and claimed herein. The invention, therefore, should only be restricted in accordance with the spirit of the claims appended hereto or their equivalents, and is not to be restricted by specification, drawings, or the description of the preferred embodiments.
Claims (38)
1. An inkjet print head comprising:
a print head transducer having a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion;
said first wall portion comprising a first inner wall surface, a first outer wall surface, and a first upper surface;
said second wall portion comprising a second inner wall surface, a second outer wall surface, and a second upper surface;
said base portion comprising a base inner surface and base outer surfaces;
a base cover affixed to said base portion;
an ink channel defined on three sides by said first inner wall surface, said second inner wall surface, and said base inner surface;
a first metallization layer coated on the wall surfaces of said ink channel;
a second metallization layer coated on said base outer surfaces and on a portion of said first and said second outer wall surfaces; and said base, said first lateral wall, and said second lateral wall comprising a piezoelectric material having a poling direction, said piezoelectric material having electric fields established therein when a voltage difference exists between said first electrode metallization layer and said second electrode metallization layer, said electric fields substantially perpendicular to said poling direction of said piezoelectric material in said first and said second wall portions, said electric fields substantially parallel to said poling direction of said piezoelectric material in the center of said base portion.
a print head transducer having a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion;
said first wall portion comprising a first inner wall surface, a first outer wall surface, and a first upper surface;
said second wall portion comprising a second inner wall surface, a second outer wall surface, and a second upper surface;
said base portion comprising a base inner surface and base outer surfaces;
a base cover affixed to said base portion;
an ink channel defined on three sides by said first inner wall surface, said second inner wall surface, and said base inner surface;
a first metallization layer coated on the wall surfaces of said ink channel;
a second metallization layer coated on said base outer surfaces and on a portion of said first and said second outer wall surfaces; and said base, said first lateral wall, and said second lateral wall comprising a piezoelectric material having a poling direction, said piezoelectric material having electric fields established therein when a voltage difference exists between said first electrode metallization layer and said second electrode metallization layer, said electric fields substantially perpendicular to said poling direction of said piezoelectric material in said first and said second wall portions, said electric fields substantially parallel to said poling direction of said piezoelectric material in the center of said base portion.
2. The print head of claim 1 wherein said poling direction is substantially parallel to a direction extending perpendicularly from said base portion to said first or second upper surfaces.
3. The print head of claim 2 wherein said poling direction extends directionally from said base portion to said first or said second upper surfaces.
4. The print head of claim 2 wherein said poling direction extends directionally from said first or said second upper surfaces to said base portion.
5. The print head of claim 1 wherein said second metallization layer extends to a position corresponding to approximately half the height of said first or second wall portions.
6. The print head of claim 1 wherein said first metallization layer is grounded.
7. The print head of claim 1 wherein said piezoelectric material comprises PZT.
8. The print head of claim 1 wherein said base has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
9. The print head of claim 1 further comprising an ink feed structure coupled to said ink channel.
10. The print head of claim 9 wherein said ink feed structure comprises a manifold structure having a slotted passageway communicating between a supply of ink and said ink channel.
11. The print head of claim 1 wherein said second metallization layer coats said first outer wall surface to a different height than is coated on said second outer wall surface.
12. The print head of claim 1 further comprising an ink channel cover secured to said print head transducer.
13. An inkjet print head comprising:
a transducer formed from a piezoelectric material; said transducer comprising a base portion, a first side wall portion, and a second side wall portion; said base portion, said first side wall portion, and said second side wall portion defining an ink channel;
a first electrode metallization layer which is deposited on the interior surfaces of ink channel;
a second electrode metallization layer deposited on the outer surfaces of said transducer; and said base portion being polarized for normal mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second metallization layers; said first and second side wall portions being polarized for shear mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second metallization layers.
a transducer formed from a piezoelectric material; said transducer comprising a base portion, a first side wall portion, and a second side wall portion; said base portion, said first side wall portion, and said second side wall portion defining an ink channel;
a first electrode metallization layer which is deposited on the interior surfaces of ink channel;
a second electrode metallization layer deposited on the outer surfaces of said transducer; and said base portion being polarized for normal mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second metallization layers; said first and second side wall portions being polarized for shear mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second metallization layers.
14. The inkjet print head of claim 13 further comprising a base cover affixed to said base portion.
15. The inkjet print head of claim 13 wherein said base portion has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
16. The inkjet print head of claim 13 wherein said second electrode metallization layer extends along said first and said second side wall portions to a position corresponding to approximately half the depth of said ink channel.
17. The inkjet print head of claim 13 wherein said first electrode metallization layer is at ground potential.
18. The inkjet print head of claim 13 wherein the interior of said ink channel terminates in a substantially rounded bottom.
19. The print head of claim 13 further comprising a rear cover plate affixed to said transducer, said rear cover plate having one or more grooved passages extending therethrough for supplying ink to said ink channel.
20. The print head of claim 13 wherein said base portion has a height which is .5 to 5 times the thickness of said first or said second side wall portions.
21. A method of manufacturing a print head comprising the steps of:
(a) cutting a plurality of substantially parallel ink channels into a first face of a piezoelectric sheet;
(b) cutting a plurality of substantially parallel air channels into a second opposite face of said piezoelectric sheet, said air channels being interspaced between and generally parallel to said ink channels;
(c) depositing a first electrode metallization layer to said first face and in said plurality of ink channels;
(d) depositing a second electrode metallization layer to said second opposite face and in said plurality of air channels;
(e) cutting an electrode-separation channel extending through and beyond said second electrode metallization layer at the bottom of each of said plurality of air channels.
(a) cutting a plurality of substantially parallel ink channels into a first face of a piezoelectric sheet;
(b) cutting a plurality of substantially parallel air channels into a second opposite face of said piezoelectric sheet, said air channels being interspaced between and generally parallel to said ink channels;
(c) depositing a first electrode metallization layer to said first face and in said plurality of ink channels;
(d) depositing a second electrode metallization layer to said second opposite face and in said plurality of air channels;
(e) cutting an electrode-separation channel extending through and beyond said second electrode metallization layer at the bottom of each of said plurality of air channels.
22. The method of claim 21 further comprising the step of grounding said first electrode metallization layer.
23. The method of claim 21 wherein the cut depth of said plurality of air channels of step (b) extend toward said first face to a position corresponding to approximately half the depth of each of said plurality of ink channels.
24. The method of claim 21 further comprising the step of attaching a base cover to said second face.
25. The method of claim 21 wherein said plurality of ink channels of step (a) are cut with a rounded bottom.
26. The method of claim 21 wherein said electrode-separation channel of step (e) or said plurality air channels of step (b) are cut with a rounded bottom.
27. A print head structure comprising:
a piezoelectric sheet having a plurality of substantially parallel ink channels along a first face and a plurality of substantially parallel air channels along an opposite second face each of said plurality of air channels interspaced between and adjacent to said plurality of ink channels;
.
PATENT
a first metallization layer coated along said first face and in each of said plurality of ink channels;
a second metallization layer coated along said second face, and partially deposited in each of said plurality of air channels;
said piezoelectric sheet having a poling direction, said poling direction substantially parallel to a direction extending perpendicularly from said first face to said second face; and a base cover affixed to said second face.
a piezoelectric sheet having a plurality of substantially parallel ink channels along a first face and a plurality of substantially parallel air channels along an opposite second face each of said plurality of air channels interspaced between and adjacent to said plurality of ink channels;
.
PATENT
a first metallization layer coated along said first face and in each of said plurality of ink channels;
a second metallization layer coated along said second face, and partially deposited in each of said plurality of air channels;
said piezoelectric sheet having a poling direction, said poling direction substantially parallel to a direction extending perpendicularly from said first face to said second face; and a base cover affixed to said second face.
28. The print head structure of claim 27 wherein said poling direction is in a direction extending from said second face to said first face.
29. The print head structure of claim 27 wherein said poling direction is in a direction extending from said first face to said second face.
30. The print head structure of claim 27 wherein said second metallization layer is grounded.
31. The print head structure of claim 27 further comprising an ink channel cover affixed to said first face.
32. A multi-channel print head comprising:
a piezoelectric sheet, said piezoelectric sheet having a
a piezoelectric sheet, said piezoelectric sheet having a
33 plurality of ink channels formed in a first face and having a plurality of air channels formed in a second face;
a first electrode formed along said first face and in said ink channels;
a second electrode formed along said second face and in said air channels;
each of said plurality of ink channels defined by a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion;
said base portion being polarized for normal mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second electrodes; and said first and second wall portions being polarized for shear mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second electrodes.
33. The multi-channel print head of claim 32 wherein said first electrode is grounded.
a first electrode formed along said first face and in said ink channels;
a second electrode formed along said second face and in said air channels;
each of said plurality of ink channels defined by a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion;
said base portion being polarized for normal mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second electrodes; and said first and second wall portions being polarized for shear mode actuation when a voltage difference exists between said first and said second electrodes.
33. The multi-channel print head of claim 32 wherein said first electrode is grounded.
34. The multi-channel print head of claim 32 further comprising a base cover affixed to said second face.
35. The multi-channel print head of claim 32 wherein said second electrode extends to a position corresponding to approximately half the depth of said plurality of ink channels.
36. An inkjet print head comprising:
a print head transducer having a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion;
said first wall portion comprising a first inner wall surface, a first outer wall surface, and a first upper wall surface;
said second wall portion comprising a second inner wall surface, a second outer wall surface, and a second upper wall surface;
said base portion comprising a base inner surface, base outer wall surfaces, and a base outer bottom surface;
a first face defined by said first and second upper wall surfaces;
a second face defined by said base outer bottom surface;
an ink channel defined on three sides by said first inner wall surface, said second inner wall surface, and said base inner surface;
a first metallization layer coated on the wall surfaces of said ink channel;
a second metallization layer coated on said base outer wall surfaces, base outer bottom surface, and on a portion of said first and said second outer wall surfaces; and said print head transducer comprising a piezoelectric material having poling direction, said a poling direction substantially parallel to a direction extending perpendicularly from said second face to said first face.
a print head transducer having a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a base portion;
said first wall portion comprising a first inner wall surface, a first outer wall surface, and a first upper wall surface;
said second wall portion comprising a second inner wall surface, a second outer wall surface, and a second upper wall surface;
said base portion comprising a base inner surface, base outer wall surfaces, and a base outer bottom surface;
a first face defined by said first and second upper wall surfaces;
a second face defined by said base outer bottom surface;
an ink channel defined on three sides by said first inner wall surface, said second inner wall surface, and said base inner surface;
a first metallization layer coated on the wall surfaces of said ink channel;
a second metallization layer coated on said base outer wall surfaces, base outer bottom surface, and on a portion of said first and said second outer wall surfaces; and said print head transducer comprising a piezoelectric material having poling direction, said a poling direction substantially parallel to a direction extending perpendicularly from said second face to said first face.
37. The print head of claim 36 wherein said poling direction extends directionally from said second face to said first face.
38. The print head of claim 36 wherein said poling direction extends directionally from said first face to said second face.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US70392496A | 1996-08-27 | 1996-08-27 | |
US08/703,924 | 1996-08-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2211238A1 true CA2211238A1 (en) | 1998-02-27 |
Family
ID=24827333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002211238A Abandoned CA2211238A1 (en) | 1996-08-27 | 1997-07-23 | Inkjet print head apparatus |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5901425A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0827833A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH1086369A (en) |
KR (1) | KR19980018995A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3530197A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2211238A1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG65011A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW403701B (en) |
Families Citing this family (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999003683A1 (en) | 1997-07-16 | 1999-01-28 | Topaz Technologies, Inc. | Carriage mounted densitometer |
AU8765398A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-22 | Topaz Technologies, Inc. | Integrated head assembly for an ink jet printer |
JPH11157065A (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 1999-06-15 | Fujitsu Ltd | Ink jet head |
US6074046A (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2000-06-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Printer apparatus capable of varying direction of an ink droplet to be ejected therefrom and method therefor |
US6033059A (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2000-03-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Printer apparatus and method |
US6076917A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-06-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Ink jet printing of color image and annotations |
US6126283A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-10-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Format flexible ink jet printing |
US6170943B1 (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2001-01-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Large and small format ink jet printing apparatus |
EP1002647A3 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 2001-02-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and article for electroforming process for an ink jet nozzle plate |
US6341859B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 2002-01-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Format flexible and durable ink jet printing |
US6214192B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 2001-04-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Fabricating ink jet nozzle plate |
US6334677B1 (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2002-01-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Format flexible ink jet printing having efficient receiver usage |
US6217167B1 (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2001-04-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Ink jet printing having format flexibility and reduced receiver waste |
US6209999B1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2001-04-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Printing apparatus with humidity controlled receiver tray |
EP1013428A3 (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-12-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ink-jet recording head |
US6161270A (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-12-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | Making printheads using tapecasting |
US6168746B1 (en) | 1999-02-22 | 2001-01-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Injection molding of ferroelectric articles |
US6303042B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2001-10-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Making ink jet nozzle plates |
US6214245B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2001-04-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Forming-ink jet nozzle plate layer on a base |
US6258286B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2001-07-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Making ink jet nozzle plates using bore liners |
US6238584B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2001-05-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of forming ink jet nozzle plates |
EP1046505A1 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-10-25 | Océ-Technologies B.V. | Inkjet printhead |
EP1046506A1 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2000-10-25 | Océ-Technologies B.V. | Inkjet printhead |
US6193361B1 (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2001-02-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Apparatus for forming textured layers over images |
US6428157B1 (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2002-08-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Forming ink images having protection films |
US6254819B1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2001-07-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Forming channel members for ink jet printheads |
CN1182966C (en) * | 1999-08-14 | 2005-01-05 | 萨尔技术有限公司 | Droplet deposition apparatus |
US6394577B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2002-05-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Ink jet printing on a receiver attached to a drum |
US6755511B1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2004-06-29 | Spectra, Inc. | Piezoelectric ink jet module with seal |
US6513894B1 (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2003-02-04 | Purdue Research Foundation | Method and apparatus for producing drops using a drop-on-demand dispenser |
US6561607B1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2003-05-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Apparatus and method for maintaining a substantially constant closely spaced working distance between an inkjet printhead and a printing receiver |
US6428135B1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2002-08-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electrical waveform for satellite suppression |
US6450602B1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2002-09-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electrical drive waveform for close drop formation |
US7052117B2 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2006-05-30 | Dimatix, Inc. | Printhead having a thin pre-fired piezoelectric layer |
US8491076B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2013-07-23 | Fujifilm Dimatix, Inc. | Fluid droplet ejection devices and methods |
US7281778B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2007-10-16 | Fujifilm Dimatix, Inc. | High frequency droplet ejection device and method |
GB0415529D0 (en) * | 2004-07-10 | 2004-08-11 | Xaar Technology Ltd | Droplet deposition apparatus |
KR20070087223A (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2007-08-27 | 후지필름 디마틱스, 인크. | Ink jet printing |
GB0514202D0 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2005-08-17 | Xaar Technology Ltd | Droplet deposition apparatus |
US8733274B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2014-05-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Tube mounted inkjet printhead die |
US7988247B2 (en) | 2007-01-11 | 2011-08-02 | Fujifilm Dimatix, Inc. | Ejection of drops having variable drop size from an ink jet printer |
US8186790B2 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2012-05-29 | Purdue Research Foundation | Method for producing ultra-small drops |
JP5925067B2 (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2016-05-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid discharge head |
JP6322369B2 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2018-05-09 | エスアイアイ・プリンテック株式会社 | Liquid ejecting head, liquid ejecting apparatus, and method of manufacturing liquid ejecting head |
JP6209383B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2017-10-04 | エスアイアイ・プリンテック株式会社 | Liquid ejecting head, liquid ejecting apparatus, and method of manufacturing liquid ejecting head |
JP6278692B2 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2018-02-14 | エスアイアイ・プリンテック株式会社 | Liquid ejecting head and liquid ejecting apparatus |
Family Cites Families (517)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH547713A (en) * | 1969-04-23 | 1974-04-11 | Ananda Anlageanst | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A BALLPOINT REFILL. |
JPS4836188Y1 (en) * | 1969-05-19 | 1973-10-30 | ||
US3667678A (en) * | 1970-03-13 | 1972-06-06 | Ibm | Nozzle structure for jet printers |
US4339763A (en) * | 1970-06-29 | 1982-07-13 | System Industries, Inc. | Apparatus for recording with writing fluids and drop projection means therefor |
US3776461A (en) * | 1971-10-04 | 1973-12-04 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Nozzle device for ink jet printing equipments |
SE371901B (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1974-12-02 | Facit Ab | |
CH581357A5 (en) * | 1974-03-12 | 1976-10-29 | Facit Ab | |
US3927410A (en) * | 1974-04-30 | 1975-12-16 | Ibm | Ink jet nozzle |
US3955953A (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-05-11 | Teletype Corporation | Methods of making self filtering nozzles |
US4095237A (en) * | 1974-12-26 | 1978-06-13 | Aktiebolaget Electrolux | Ink jet printing head |
US3958255A (en) * | 1974-12-31 | 1976-05-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ink jet nozzle structure |
US3921916A (en) * | 1974-12-31 | 1975-11-25 | Ibm | Nozzles formed in monocrystalline silicon |
US4007464A (en) * | 1975-01-23 | 1977-02-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ink jet nozzle |
JPS51142230A (en) * | 1975-06-03 | 1976-12-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Device for jetting ink |
US4002230A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1977-01-11 | Houston Engineering Research Corporation | Print head apparatus |
SE390673B (en) * | 1975-07-23 | 1977-01-03 | Facit Ab | PRINT HEAD FOR A BLECKSTRAL PRINTER |
US4008111A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1977-02-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | AlN masking for selective etching of sapphire |
US4047186A (en) * | 1976-01-26 | 1977-09-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Pre-aimed nozzle for ink jet recorder and method of manufacture |
DE2604939C3 (en) * | 1976-02-09 | 1978-07-27 | Ibm Deutschland Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Method for producing at least one through hole, in particular a nozzle for inkjet printers |
US4106976A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1978-08-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ink jet nozzle method of manufacture |
US4025928A (en) * | 1976-04-19 | 1977-05-24 | Gould Inc. | Unitary ink jet and reservoir |
DE2626420C3 (en) * | 1976-06-12 | 1979-11-29 | Ibm Deutschland Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Process for the simultaneous etching of several through holes |
US4112170A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-09-05 | Corning Glass Works | Composite glass articles for channel plate fabrication |
US4153901A (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1979-05-08 | Recognition Equipment Incorporated | Variable frequency multi-orifice IJP |
DE2659398A1 (en) * | 1976-12-29 | 1978-07-06 | Siemens Ag | HEATING DEVICE FOR WRITING HEADS IN INK MOSAIC WRITING DEVICES |
USRE31357E (en) * | 1977-02-24 | 1983-08-23 | The Mead Corporation | Glass nozzle array for an ink jet printer and method of forming same |
US4112436A (en) * | 1977-02-24 | 1978-09-05 | The Mead Corporation | Glass nozzle array for an ink jet printer and method of forming same |
US4121227A (en) * | 1977-03-14 | 1978-10-17 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet array with isolated fluid rectifier layers |
US4169008A (en) * | 1977-06-13 | 1979-09-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for producing uniform nozzle orifices in silicon wafers |
DE2728657A1 (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-04 | Siemens Ag | NOZZLE PLATE FOR INK WRITING DEVICES |
US4106975A (en) * | 1977-06-30 | 1978-08-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for etching holes |
US4122460A (en) * | 1977-08-10 | 1978-10-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ink jet nozzle structures |
US4123571A (en) * | 1977-09-08 | 1978-10-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for forming smooth self limiting and pin hole free SiC films on Si |
CA1127227A (en) | 1977-10-03 | 1982-07-06 | Ichiro Endo | Liquid jet recording process and apparatus therefor |
US4146899A (en) * | 1977-10-13 | 1979-03-27 | The Mead Corporation | Formed orifice plate for ink jet printing apparatus |
US4185290A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1980-01-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Compensation for aerodynamic drag on ink streams from a multi-nozzle ink array |
US4157935A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1979-06-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for producing nozzle arrays for ink jet printers |
US4187140A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-02-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for etching silicon and a residue and oxidation resistant etchant therefor |
US4296421A (en) | 1978-10-26 | 1981-10-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording device using thermal propulsion and mechanical pressure changes |
US4330787A (en) * | 1978-10-31 | 1982-05-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording device |
US4245225A (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1981-01-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ink jet head |
US4222060A (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-09-09 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Ink jet printing apparatus |
US4248823A (en) * | 1978-12-15 | 1981-02-03 | Ncr Corporation | Method of making ink jet print head |
US4281333A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-07-28 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Ink-on-demand type ink-jet printer with coordinated variable size drops with variable charges |
JPS5830830B2 (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1983-07-01 | 株式会社リコー | Multi-nozzle head for inkjet |
AU531269B2 (en) | 1979-03-06 | 1983-08-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet printer |
US4335389A (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1982-06-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid droplet ejecting recording head |
DE3011919A1 (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1980-10-09 | Canon Kk | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A RECORDING HEAD |
US4334234A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1982-06-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid droplet forming apparatus |
US5204689A (en) | 1979-04-02 | 1993-04-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head formed by cutting process |
JPS593152B2 (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1984-01-23 | 株式会社リコー | Micropore formation method |
US4301585A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-11-24 | Ricoh Co., Ltd. | Method of forming plate having fine bores |
US4224627A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1980-09-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Seal glass for nozzle assemblies of an ink jet printer |
US4239586A (en) * | 1979-06-29 | 1980-12-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Etching of multiple holes of uniform size |
US4336548A (en) * | 1979-07-04 | 1982-06-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Droplets forming device |
US4257052A (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-03-17 | The Mead Corporation | Molded orifice plate assembly for an ink jet recorder and method of manufacture |
US4246076A (en) * | 1979-12-06 | 1981-01-20 | Xerox Corporation | Method for producing nozzles for ink jet printers |
JPS5689569A (en) * | 1979-12-19 | 1981-07-20 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4282533A (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1981-08-04 | Celanese Corporation | Precision orifice nozzle devices for ink jet printing apparati and the process for their manufacture |
US4430784A (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1984-02-14 | Celanese Corporation | Manufacturing process for orifice nozzle devices for ink jet printing apparati |
DE3006726C2 (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1982-03-11 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Ink writing device |
US4417251A (en) * | 1980-03-06 | 1983-11-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head |
DE3019822A1 (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1981-12-03 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | ARRANGEMENT FOR A WRITING HEAD IN INK MOSAIC WRITING DEVICES |
US4409596A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1983-10-11 | Epson Corporation | Method and apparatus for driving an ink jet printer head |
EP0047609B1 (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1985-06-05 | Epson Corporation | Ink jet head |
US4338611A (en) * | 1980-09-12 | 1982-07-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
JPS5764563A (en) * | 1980-10-07 | 1982-04-19 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Ink particle jet apparatus of multi-nozzle ink jet printer |
US4343013A (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1982-08-03 | Ncr Corporation | Nozzle plate for ink jet print head |
US4429321A (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1984-01-31 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording device |
AT368283B (en) * | 1980-11-07 | 1982-09-27 | Philips Nv | NOZZLE PLATE FOR AN INK JET PRINT HEAD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A NOZZLE PLATE |
US4437109A (en) * | 1980-11-07 | 1984-03-13 | General Electric Company | Silicon-on-sapphire body with conductive paths therethrough |
DE3042483A1 (en) * | 1980-11-11 | 1982-06-16 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR PRODUCING A NOZZLE PLATE FOR INK JET WRITER |
AT372651B (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1983-11-10 | Philips Nv | INK-JET PRINT HEAD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH INK-JET PRINT HEAD |
JPS57102366A (en) * | 1980-12-18 | 1982-06-25 | Canon Inc | Ink jet head |
DE3048259A1 (en) * | 1980-12-20 | 1982-07-29 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | "NOZZLE FOR INK JET PRINTER" |
JPS57109669A (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Ink injection head |
US4394670A (en) * | 1981-01-09 | 1983-07-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head and method for fabrication thereof |
JPS57131567A (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1982-08-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Nozzle for ink jet printer |
DE3104077A1 (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-09-09 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | "WRITING HEAD FOR INK JET PRINTER" |
US4392145A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1983-07-05 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Multi-layer ink jet apparatus |
US4374707A (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1983-02-22 | Xerox Corporation | Orifice plate for ink jet printing machines |
DE3113239A1 (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1982-10-21 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | "METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND ARRANGING AN INK JET PRINTER" |
US4376944A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1983-03-15 | Ncr Corporation | Ink jet print head with tilting nozzle |
NL8102026A (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-11-16 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING WRITE HEADS FOR INK-PRINT PRINTERS AND WRITE HEAD MADE ACCORDING TO THAT METHOD |
JPS57181875A (en) * | 1981-05-06 | 1982-11-09 | Nec Corp | Ink jet head and ink jet recording device |
JPS57182449A (en) * | 1981-05-07 | 1982-11-10 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Forming method of ink jet multinozzle |
US4429317A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1984-01-31 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Ink ejection head |
US4437100A (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1984-03-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink-jet head and method for production thereof |
US4450455A (en) | 1981-06-18 | 1984-05-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head |
GB2104452B (en) | 1981-06-29 | 1985-07-31 | Canon Kk | Liquid jet recording head |
US4558333A (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1985-12-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
US4631553A (en) | 1981-07-17 | 1986-12-23 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Printer head of an ink-jet printer |
JPS5816856A (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-01-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Nozzle head for ink jet |
JPS5833472A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-02-26 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US4390883A (en) * | 1981-09-08 | 1983-06-28 | The Mead Corporation | Fluid jet print head and method of terminating operation thereof |
US4418356A (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-11-29 | Ncr Corporation | Ink jet print head |
US4389654A (en) * | 1981-10-01 | 1983-06-21 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet droplet generator fabrication method |
US4499480A (en) | 1981-10-13 | 1985-02-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording device |
US4415909A (en) * | 1981-10-26 | 1983-11-15 | Ncr Corporation | Multiple nozzle ink jet print head |
US4449135A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1984-05-15 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Ink ejection head |
US4611219A (en) | 1981-12-29 | 1986-09-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid-jetting head |
US4424521A (en) * | 1982-01-04 | 1984-01-03 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Ink jet apparatus and reservoir |
US4429322A (en) * | 1982-02-16 | 1984-01-31 | Mead Corporation | Method of fabricating a glass nozzle array for an ink jet printing apparatus |
US4414553A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-11-08 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet array |
DE3311956A1 (en) | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-13 | Ricoh Co., Ltd., Tokyo | COLOR JET PRINTER HEAD |
US4446469A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1984-05-01 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printer array |
JPS58220756A (en) | 1982-06-18 | 1983-12-22 | Canon Inc | Manufacture of ink jet recording head |
JPS58220757A (en) | 1982-06-18 | 1983-12-22 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
JPS58220754A (en) | 1982-06-18 | 1983-12-22 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4609427A (en) | 1982-06-25 | 1986-09-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing ink jet recording head |
DE3226746C1 (en) * | 1982-07-15 | 1984-01-26 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Process for casting a plastic body, in particular a writing mechanism of an ink pen |
JPS5919168A (en) | 1982-07-26 | 1984-01-31 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4480259A (en) | 1982-07-30 | 1984-10-30 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink jet printer with bubble driven flexible membrane |
US4499479A (en) | 1982-08-30 | 1985-02-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Gray scale printing with ink jet drop-on demand printing head |
DE3331488A1 (en) | 1982-09-01 | 1984-03-01 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo | HEAD PIECE FOR A PAINT SPRAY PRINTING DEVICE |
US4521786A (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1985-06-04 | Xerox Corporation | Programmable driver/controller for ink jet printheads |
US4456916A (en) | 1982-09-28 | 1984-06-26 | Burroughs Corporation | Ink jet cartridge with hydrostatic controller |
US4471364A (en) | 1982-09-28 | 1984-09-11 | Burroughs Corporation | Ramp style constant head ink jet cartridge |
GB2131745B (en) | 1982-10-14 | 1986-06-25 | Epson Corp | Ink jet head assembly |
US4539569A (en) | 1982-10-26 | 1985-09-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording apparatus |
JPS5985766A (en) | 1982-11-09 | 1984-05-17 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4514741A (en) | 1982-11-22 | 1985-04-30 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet printer utilizing a printhead resistor having a central cold spot |
US4528577A (en) | 1982-11-23 | 1985-07-09 | Hewlett-Packard Co. | Ink jet orifice plate having integral separators |
US4438191A (en) * | 1982-11-23 | 1984-03-20 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Monolithic ink jet print head |
US4616408A (en) | 1982-11-24 | 1986-10-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Inversely processed resistance heater |
US4542389A (en) | 1982-11-24 | 1985-09-17 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Self cleaning ink jet drop generator having crosstalk reduction features |
US4734563A (en) | 1982-11-24 | 1988-03-29 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Inversely processed resistance heater |
JPS59106974A (en) | 1982-12-11 | 1984-06-20 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US4621273A (en) | 1982-12-16 | 1986-11-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Print head for printing or vector plotting with a multiplicity of line widths |
US5285215A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1994-02-08 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Ink jet apparatus and method of operation |
JPS59123672A (en) | 1982-12-28 | 1984-07-17 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recorder |
US4646110A (en) | 1982-12-29 | 1987-02-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid injection recording apparatus |
DE3302617A1 (en) | 1983-01-27 | 1984-08-02 | Cyklop International Emil Hoffmann KG, 5000 Köln | COLOR SPRAY HEAD |
US4587534A (en) | 1983-01-28 | 1986-05-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid injection recording apparatus |
US4528070A (en) | 1983-02-04 | 1985-07-09 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Orifice plate constructions |
JPH0643128B2 (en) | 1983-02-05 | 1994-06-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet head |
IT1159357B (en) | 1983-02-08 | 1987-02-25 | Olivetti & Co Spa | PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PROFILED ELEMENTS OF DEFORMABLE MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FOR INK-JET PRINTERS |
DE3306098A1 (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1984-08-23 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | PIEZOELECTRICALLY OPERATED WRITING HEAD WITH CHANNEL MATRICE |
US4528574A (en) | 1983-03-28 | 1985-07-09 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Apparatus for reducing erosion due to cavitation in ink jet printers |
US4583690A (en) | 1983-04-05 | 1986-04-22 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Anti-wetting in fluid nozzles |
US4555062A (en) | 1983-04-05 | 1985-11-26 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Anti-wetting in fluid nozzles |
JPH062414B2 (en) | 1983-04-19 | 1994-01-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet head |
JPS59194860A (en) | 1983-04-19 | 1984-11-05 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
JPH062410B2 (en) | 1983-04-19 | 1994-01-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head and method for manufacturing inkjet recording head |
JPS59194867A (en) | 1983-04-20 | 1984-11-05 | Canon Inc | Manufacture of liquid jet recording head |
JPH0624855B2 (en) | 1983-04-20 | 1994-04-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head |
JPH062415B2 (en) | 1983-04-20 | 1994-01-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | INKJET HEAD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE INKJET HEAD |
JPH0613219B2 (en) | 1983-04-30 | 1994-02-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet head |
US4502060A (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1985-02-26 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Barriers for thermal ink jet printers |
US4500895A (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1985-02-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Disposable ink jet head |
US4550326A (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1985-10-29 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Fluidic tuning of impulse jet devices using passive orifices |
US4513298A (en) | 1983-05-25 | 1985-04-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet printhead |
IT1159033B (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1987-02-25 | Olivetti & Co Spa | SELECTIVE INK JET PRINT HEAD |
IT1159032B (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1987-02-25 | Olivetti & Co Spa | SELECTIVE INK JET PRINT HEAD |
JPS6024957A (en) | 1983-07-20 | 1985-02-07 | Seiko Epson Corp | Ink jet recording head and manufacture thereof |
DE3326580A1 (en) | 1983-07-23 | 1985-01-31 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR PRODUCING A NOZZLE PLATE FOR INK JET PRINTER |
US4672397A (en) | 1983-08-31 | 1987-06-09 | Nec Corporation | On-demand type ink-jet print head having an air flow path |
US4626875A (en) | 1983-09-26 | 1986-12-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for liquid-jet recording wherein a potential is applied to the liquid |
US4535343A (en) | 1983-10-31 | 1985-08-13 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet printhead with self-passivating elements |
JPS60105553A (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1985-06-11 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Thermal head |
JPS60116451A (en) | 1983-11-30 | 1985-06-22 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
JPS60116452A (en) | 1983-11-30 | 1985-06-22 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US4513299A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1985-04-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Spot size modulation using multiple pulse resonance drop ejection |
US4546360A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1985-10-08 | Xerox Corporation | Electrothermic ink jet |
JPS60137661A (en) | 1983-12-26 | 1985-07-22 | Canon Inc | Ink storage device |
IT1160247B (en) | 1983-12-27 | 1987-03-04 | Olivetti & Co Spa | ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE INK JET SERIAL PRINT HEAD |
US4628333A (en) | 1983-12-29 | 1986-12-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head and ink jet recorder |
US4549188A (en) | 1984-01-09 | 1985-10-22 | The Mead Corporation | Orifice plate for ink jet printer |
US4547330A (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1985-10-15 | The Mead Corporation | Method of preparing an orifice plate for an ink jet printer |
JPH062416B2 (en) | 1984-01-30 | 1994-01-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head manufacturing method |
JPH0626887B2 (en) | 1984-01-31 | 1994-04-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head |
US5153610A (en) | 1984-01-31 | 1992-10-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
JPS60159062A (en) | 1984-01-31 | 1985-08-20 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
JPH0643129B2 (en) | 1984-03-01 | 1994-06-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head |
JPS60183154A (en) | 1984-03-01 | 1985-09-18 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4578687A (en) | 1984-03-09 | 1986-03-25 | Hewlett Packard Company | Ink jet printhead having hydraulically separated orifices |
US4532530A (en) | 1984-03-09 | 1985-07-30 | Xerox Corporation | Bubble jet printing device |
JPS60204366A (en) | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-15 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head and preservation thereof |
US4630078A (en) | 1984-03-30 | 1986-12-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid recording head |
JPH0753450B2 (en) | 1984-03-31 | 1995-06-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording device |
JPS60206657A (en) | 1984-03-31 | 1985-10-18 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US5202659A (en) | 1984-04-16 | 1993-04-13 | Dataproducts, Corporation | Method and apparatus for selective multi-resonant operation of an ink jet controlling dot size |
US4728392A (en) | 1984-04-20 | 1988-03-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ink jet printer and method for fabricating a nozzle member |
US4544932A (en) | 1984-04-26 | 1985-10-01 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Ink jet apparatus and method of making the apparatus |
JPH064324B2 (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1994-01-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head |
US4881318A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1989-11-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing a liquid jet recording head |
JPH064325B2 (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1994-01-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet head |
JPS6119367A (en) | 1984-07-05 | 1986-01-28 | Canon Inc | Liquid injection recording head |
US4663640A (en) | 1984-07-20 | 1987-05-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording head |
JPS6135955A (en) | 1984-07-30 | 1986-02-20 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US4733823A (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1988-03-29 | At&T Teletype Corporation | Silicon nozzle structures and method of manufacture |
JPS6194767A (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1986-05-13 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Ink jet head and manufacture thereof |
US4809024A (en) | 1984-10-16 | 1989-02-28 | Dataproducts Corporation | Ink jet head with low compliance manifold/reservoir configuration |
JPH0822594B2 (en) | 1984-10-19 | 1996-03-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head |
US4727012A (en) | 1984-10-25 | 1988-02-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of manufacture for print heads of ink jet printers |
US4564846A (en) | 1984-10-26 | 1986-01-14 | Kiwi Coders Corporation | Drop on demand dot matrix printing head |
US4723136A (en) | 1984-11-05 | 1988-02-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Print-on-demand type liquid jet printing head having main and subsidiary liquid paths |
US4571599A (en) | 1984-12-03 | 1986-02-18 | Xerox Corporation | Ink cartridge for an ink jet printer |
JPS61167574A (en) | 1985-01-21 | 1986-07-29 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Thermal head and its manufacture |
IT1182402B (en) | 1985-02-04 | 1987-10-05 | Olivetti & Co Spa | METHOD ID MANUFACTURE OF METAL ELEMENTS OF INK JET PRINTING AND RELATED PRINTING ELEMENTS |
US4580148A (en) | 1985-02-19 | 1986-04-01 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printer with droplet ejection by bubble collapse |
US4580149A (en) | 1985-02-19 | 1986-04-01 | Xerox Corporation | Cavitational liquid impact printer |
US4643948A (en) | 1985-03-22 | 1987-02-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Coatings for ink jet nozzles |
USRE32572E (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1988-01-05 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead and process therefor |
US4601777A (en) | 1985-04-03 | 1986-07-22 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead and process therefor |
JPS61237648A (en) | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-22 | Sharp Corp | Printing head of ink jet printer |
GB2176443B (en) | 1985-06-10 | 1990-11-14 | Canon Kk | Liquid jet recording head and recording system incorporating the same |
US4725851A (en) | 1985-07-01 | 1988-02-16 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Method and assembly for mounting fluid-jet orifice plate |
NL8501881A (en) | 1985-07-01 | 1987-02-02 | Philips Nv | INK JET PRESSURE. |
US4688054A (en) | 1985-07-09 | 1987-08-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
US4688056A (en) | 1985-07-13 | 1987-08-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head having a layer of a resin composition curable with an active energy ray |
JPS6216147A (en) | 1985-07-13 | 1987-01-24 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US4688052A (en) | 1985-07-13 | 1987-08-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head having a layer of a resin composition curable with an active energy ray |
US4688053A (en) | 1985-07-13 | 1987-08-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head having a layer of a resin composition curable with an active energy ray |
US4612554A (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1986-09-16 | Xerox Corporation | High density thermal ink jet printhead |
US4638337A (en) | 1985-08-02 | 1987-01-20 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead |
US4625373A (en) | 1985-08-02 | 1986-12-02 | Advanced Color Technology, Inc. | Method of making a printing head for an ink jet printer |
GB2179007B (en) | 1985-08-12 | 1990-09-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Thermal head for printer |
EP0212943B1 (en) | 1985-08-13 | 1991-02-27 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ink jet recording apparatus |
JPH0639166B2 (en) | 1985-09-12 | 1994-05-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Recording equipment |
IT1183958B (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1987-10-22 | Olivetti & Co Spa | PERFECTED INK JET PRINT HEAD |
SE453173B (en) | 1985-09-20 | 1988-01-18 | Swedot System Ab | PREFERRED IN A BLACK RADIATION PRESENT IN HEALTH |
US4719478A (en) | 1985-09-27 | 1988-01-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Heat generating resistor, recording head using such resistor and drive method therefor |
US4639748A (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1987-01-27 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead with integral ink filter |
US4623906A (en) | 1985-10-31 | 1986-11-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Stable surface coating for ink jet nozzles |
US4680595A (en) | 1985-11-06 | 1987-07-14 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Impulse ink jet print head and method of making same |
IT1182682B (en) | 1985-11-14 | 1987-10-05 | Olivetti & Co Spa | ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE INK JET PRINT AND RELATED PRINTING DEVICE |
US4716423A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1987-12-29 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Barrier layer and orifice plate for thermal ink jet print head assembly and method of manufacture |
US4746935A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1988-05-24 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Multitone ink jet printer and method of operation |
US4635073A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1987-01-06 | Hewlett Packard Company | Replaceable thermal ink jet component and thermosonic beam bonding process for fabricating same |
US4827294A (en) | 1985-11-22 | 1989-05-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet printhead assembly employing beam lead interconnect circuit |
US5258774A (en) | 1985-11-26 | 1993-11-02 | Dataproducts Corporation | Compensation for aerodynamic influences in ink jet apparatuses having ink jet chambers utilizing a plurality of orifices |
US4683481A (en) | 1985-12-06 | 1987-07-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet common-slotted ink feed printhead |
US4680859A (en) | 1985-12-06 | 1987-07-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet print head method of manufacture |
JPS62151358A (en) | 1985-12-26 | 1987-07-06 | Toshiba Corp | Thermal head |
JPS62152860A (en) | 1985-12-27 | 1987-07-07 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
JPS62152864A (en) | 1985-12-27 | 1987-07-07 | Canon Inc | Manufacture of liquid jet recording head |
US4719477A (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1988-01-12 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Integrated thermal ink jet printhead and method of manufacture |
JPS62176860A (en) | 1986-01-30 | 1987-08-03 | Canon Inc | Recording head and recording method using said recording head |
JPS62179949A (en) | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-07 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4740800A (en) | 1986-02-18 | 1988-04-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
US4916468A (en) | 1986-02-27 | 1990-04-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Movable ink jet thermal printing head to prevent ink stoppage |
US4803499A (en) | 1986-02-27 | 1989-02-07 | Soartec Corp | Moveable ink jet thermal printing head |
US4965594A (en) | 1986-02-28 | 1990-10-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head with laminated heat resistive layers on a support member |
JPH0729431B2 (en) | 1986-03-04 | 1995-04-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | How to make a liquid jet recording head |
JPH0729433B2 (en) | 1986-03-05 | 1995-04-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | How to make a liquid jet recording head |
US4675083A (en) | 1986-04-02 | 1987-06-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Compound bore nozzle for ink jet printhead and method of manufacture |
US4922265A (en) | 1986-04-28 | 1990-05-01 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink jet printhead with self-aligned orifice plate and method of manufacture |
US4894664A (en) | 1986-04-28 | 1990-01-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Monolithic thermal ink jet printhead with integral nozzle and ink feed |
US4638328A (en) | 1986-05-01 | 1987-01-20 | Xerox Corporation | Printhead for an ink jet printer |
DE3717294C2 (en) | 1986-06-10 | 1995-01-26 | Seiko Epson Corp | Ink jet recording head |
US5025271A (en) | 1986-07-01 | 1991-06-18 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thin film resistor type thermal ink pen using a form storage ink supply |
US4771295B1 (en) | 1986-07-01 | 1995-08-01 | Hewlett Packard Co | Thermal ink jet pen body construction having improved ink storage and feed capability |
US4678529A (en) | 1986-07-02 | 1987-07-07 | Xerox Corporation | Selective application of adhesive and bonding process for ink jet printheads |
US4727379A (en) | 1986-07-09 | 1988-02-23 | Vidoejet Systems International, Inc. | Accoustically soft ink jet nozzle assembly |
JPS6356455A (en) | 1986-08-27 | 1988-03-11 | Tokyo Electric Co Ltd | Printer |
US4862197A (en) | 1986-08-28 | 1989-08-29 | Hewlett-Packard Co. | Process for manufacturing thermal ink jet printhead and integrated circuit (IC) structures produced thereby |
US4685185A (en) | 1986-08-29 | 1987-08-11 | Tektronix, Inc. | Method of manufacturing an ink jet head |
JPH0751687B2 (en) | 1986-09-05 | 1995-06-05 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Recording ink |
US4723131A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1988-02-02 | Diagraph Corporation | Printhead for ink jet printing apparatus |
US4771298A (en) | 1986-09-17 | 1988-09-13 | International Business Machine Corporation | Drop-on-demand print head using gasket fan-in |
JPH0698759B2 (en) | 1986-10-13 | 1994-12-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head |
JPH0698760B2 (en) | 1986-10-13 | 1994-12-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head |
JPS63120656A (en) | 1986-11-10 | 1988-05-25 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording system |
EP0268204B1 (en) * | 1986-11-14 | 1991-09-18 | Qenico AB | Piezoelectric pump |
JP2681350B2 (en) | 1986-11-19 | 1997-11-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ink jet device |
JPS63139749A (en) | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-11 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head |
US4695853A (en) | 1986-12-12 | 1987-09-22 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thin film vertical resistor devices for a thermal ink jet printhead and methods of manufacture |
US4734717A (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1988-03-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Insertable, multi-array print/cartridge |
GB8700203D0 (en) | 1987-01-07 | 1987-02-11 | Domino Printing Sciences Plc | Ink jet printing head |
US5003679A (en) | 1987-01-10 | 1991-04-02 | Xaar Limited | Method of manufacturing a droplet deposition apparatus |
US4879568A (en) | 1987-01-10 | 1989-11-07 | Am International, Inc. | Droplet deposition apparatus |
US4786303A (en) | 1987-01-27 | 1988-11-22 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Method of fabricating a glass nozzle array for an inkjet printer |
US4860033A (en) | 1987-02-04 | 1989-08-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Base plate having an oxidation film and an insulating film for ink jet recording head and ink jet recording head using said base plate |
JP2611981B2 (en) | 1987-02-04 | 1997-05-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | Substrate for ink jet recording head and ink jet recording head |
JP2656481B2 (en) | 1987-02-13 | 1997-09-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head |
JP2815146B2 (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1998-10-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | Substrate for inkjet recording head, inkjet recording head, and inkjet recording apparatus equipped with the recording head |
JPS63242647A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-07 | Canon Inc | Ink jet head and driving circuit therefor |
US4806106A (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1989-02-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Interconnect lead frame for thermal ink jet printhead and methods of manufacture |
DE3712891A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1988-11-03 | Siemens Ag | PLANART INK PRINT HEAD IN DUAL-INLINE HOUSING |
JPS63272558A (en) | 1987-04-30 | 1988-11-10 | Nec Corp | Ink jet recorder |
US4791440A (en) | 1987-05-01 | 1988-12-13 | International Business Machine Corporation | Thermal drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US4806032A (en) | 1987-05-11 | 1989-02-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Conical vent containing capillary bore |
US4794410A (en) | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Barrier structure for thermal ink-jet printheads |
US4792818A (en) | 1987-06-12 | 1988-12-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermal drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US4801947A (en) | 1987-06-25 | 1989-01-31 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Electrodeposition-produced orifice plate of amorphous metal |
US4953287A (en) | 1987-07-01 | 1990-09-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal-bonding process and apparatus |
US4885932A (en) | 1987-07-10 | 1989-12-12 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Determination of cleanliness level of foam reservoir |
US4789425A (en) | 1987-08-06 | 1988-12-06 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead fabricating process |
CA1303904C (en) | 1987-08-10 | 1992-06-23 | Winthrop D. Childers | Offset nozzle droplet formation |
US4843407A (en) | 1987-08-18 | 1989-06-27 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Fluid distribution bar for fluid-jet printing |
US4812859A (en) | 1987-09-17 | 1989-03-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Multi-chamber ink jet recording head for color use |
US5189437A (en) | 1987-09-19 | 1993-02-23 | Xaar Limited | Manufacture of nozzles for ink jet printers |
US4931813A (en) | 1987-09-21 | 1990-06-05 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink jet head incorporating a thick unpassivated TaAl resistor |
JPS6490768A (en) | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-07 | Toshiba Corp | Thermal recording head |
US4794411A (en) | 1987-10-19 | 1988-12-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink-jet head structure with orifice offset from resistor |
US4847636A (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-07-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermal drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US4920362A (en) | 1988-12-16 | 1990-04-24 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Volumetrically efficient ink jet pen capable of extreme altitude and temperature excursions |
US4961076A (en) | 1987-10-28 | 1990-10-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Reliability improvement for ink jet pens |
US4791438A (en) | 1987-10-28 | 1988-12-13 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Balanced capillary ink jet pen for ink jet printing systems |
US4882595A (en) | 1987-10-30 | 1989-11-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Hydraulically tuned channel architecture |
US4774530A (en) | 1987-11-02 | 1988-09-27 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead |
US4829319A (en) | 1987-11-13 | 1989-05-09 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Plastic orifice plate for an ink jet printhead and method of manufacture |
US4791436A (en) | 1987-11-17 | 1988-12-13 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Nozzle plate geometry for ink jet pens and method of manufacture |
US4786357A (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1988-11-22 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead and fabrication method therefor |
JP2612580B2 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1997-05-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head and substrate for the head |
JP2683350B2 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1997-11-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid jet recording head and substrate for the head |
JP2846636B2 (en) | 1987-12-02 | 1999-01-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | Method of manufacturing substrate for inkjet recording head |
EP0570021B1 (en) | 1987-12-02 | 1997-03-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head, substrate therefor, process for preparing thereof and ink jet apparatus having said head |
US4794409A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1988-12-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink jet pen having improved ink storage and distribution capabilities |
US4809428A (en) | 1987-12-10 | 1989-03-07 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thin film device for an ink jet printhead and process for the manufacturing same |
US4847630A (en) | 1987-12-17 | 1989-07-11 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Integrated thermal ink jet printhead and method of manufacture |
US4829324A (en) | 1987-12-23 | 1989-05-09 | Xerox Corporation | Large array thermal ink jet printhead |
US4831390A (en) | 1988-01-15 | 1989-05-16 | Xerox Corporation | Bubble jet printing device with improved printhead heat control |
US4890126A (en) | 1988-01-29 | 1989-12-26 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Printing head for ink jet printer |
US4808260A (en) | 1988-02-05 | 1989-02-28 | Ford Motor Company | Directional aperture etched in silicon |
US4947184A (en) | 1988-02-22 | 1990-08-07 | Spectra, Inc. | Elimination of nucleation sites in pressure chamber for ink jet systems |
US4825227A (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1989-04-25 | Spectra, Inc. | Shear mode transducer for ink jet systems |
IT1216475B (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1990-03-08 | Augusto Marchetti | NOZZLE HOLDER HEAD FOR INK-JET MARKER. |
US4947192A (en) | 1988-03-07 | 1990-08-07 | Xerox Corporation | Monolithic silicon integrated circuit chip for a thermal ink jet printer |
US4839001A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1989-06-13 | Dynamics Research Corporation | Orifice plate and method of fabrication |
JPH0284343A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1990-03-26 | Canon Inc | Liquid jet recording head |
US5008689A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1991-04-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Plastic substrate for thermal ink jet printer |
US4926197A (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1990-05-15 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Plastic substrate for thermal ink jet printer |
DE68907434T2 (en) | 1988-04-12 | 1994-03-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Inkjet head. |
GB8810241D0 (en) | 1988-04-29 | 1988-06-02 | Am Int | Drop-on-demand printhead |
US4899180A (en) | 1988-04-29 | 1990-02-06 | Xerox Corporation | On chip heater element and temperature sensor |
DE3814720A1 (en) | 1988-04-30 | 1989-11-09 | Olympia Aeg | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BASE PLATE WITH INTEGRATED WORKINGS FOR AN INK PRINT HEAD |
US4866461A (en) | 1988-05-17 | 1989-09-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Thermal, drop-on-demand, ink jet print cartridge |
ES2091990T3 (en) | 1988-06-03 | 1996-11-16 | Canon Kk | HEAD FOR LIQUID EMISSION PRINTING, SUBSTRATE FOR THE SAME AND APPARATUS FOR LIQUID EMISSION PRINTING USED BY SUCH HEAD. |
EP0345724B1 (en) | 1988-06-07 | 1995-01-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head and recording device having the same head |
US5210549A (en) | 1988-06-17 | 1993-05-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head having resistor formed by oxidization |
JP2607274B2 (en) | 1988-06-21 | 1997-05-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head |
US4994825A (en) | 1988-06-30 | 1991-02-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head equipped with a discharging opening forming member including a protruding portion and a recessed portion |
US5081474A (en) | 1988-07-04 | 1992-01-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording head having multi-layer matrix wiring |
US5017946A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1991-05-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head having surface treatment layer and recording equipment having the head |
US5243363A (en) | 1988-07-22 | 1993-09-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink-jet recording head having bump-shaped electrode and protective layer providing structural support |
US5182581A (en) | 1988-07-26 | 1993-01-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording unit having an ink tank section containing porous material and a recording head section |
US5212503A (en) | 1988-07-26 | 1993-05-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head having a substrate with minimized electrode overlap |
US5175565A (en) | 1988-07-26 | 1992-12-29 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet substrate including plural temperature sensors and heaters |
DE68914897T2 (en) | 1988-07-26 | 1994-08-25 | Canon Kk | Liquid jet recording head and recording apparatus provided with this head. |
US4870433A (en) | 1988-07-28 | 1989-09-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermal drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US4853718A (en) | 1988-08-15 | 1989-08-01 | Xerox Corporation | On chip conductive fluid sensing circuit |
US4863560A (en) | 1988-08-22 | 1989-09-05 | Xerox Corp | Fabrication of silicon structures by single side, multiple step etching process |
US4835553A (en) | 1988-08-25 | 1989-05-30 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with increased drop generation rate |
JPH0234246U (en) | 1988-08-29 | 1990-03-05 | ||
US4990939A (en) | 1988-09-01 | 1991-02-05 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Bubble jet printer head with improved operational speed |
US4875619A (en) | 1988-09-01 | 1989-10-24 | Anderson Jeffrey J | Brazing of ink jet print head components using thin layers of braze material |
US4883219A (en) | 1988-09-01 | 1989-11-28 | Anderson Jeffrey J | Manufacture of ink jet print heads by diffusion bonding and brazing |
US5121143A (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1992-06-09 | Graphtec Corp. | Ink printing head with variable-size heat elements |
US4864329A (en) | 1988-09-22 | 1989-09-05 | Xerox Corporation | Fluid handling device with filter and fabrication process therefor |
EP0361034A3 (en) | 1988-09-28 | 1990-07-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ink writing head |
US4915718A (en) | 1988-09-28 | 1990-04-10 | On Target Technology, Inc. | Fabrication of ink jet nozzles and resulting product |
US4878070A (en) | 1988-10-17 | 1989-10-31 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet print cartridge assembly |
CA1329341C (en) | 1988-10-19 | 1994-05-10 | Rosemary Bridget Albinson | Method of forming adherent fluorosilane layer on a substrate and ink jet recording head containing such a layer |
US5208604A (en) | 1988-10-31 | 1993-05-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head and manufacturing method thereof, and ink jet apparatus with ink jet head |
US5095321A (en) | 1988-10-31 | 1992-03-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head joined by a biasing member |
US4887098A (en) | 1988-11-25 | 1989-12-12 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printer having printhead transducers with multilevelinterconnections |
US4878992A (en) | 1988-11-25 | 1989-11-07 | Xerox Corporation | Method of fabricating thermal ink jet printheads |
EP0371457B1 (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1995-02-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording head and recording apparatus provided with the same |
US4851371A (en) | 1988-12-05 | 1989-07-25 | Xerox Corporation | Fabricating process for large array semiconductive devices |
EP0479784B1 (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1993-07-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement for heating the ink in the write head of an ink-jet printer |
DE58905857D1 (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1993-11-11 | Mannesmann Ag | HEATING DEVICE FOR HEATING THE INK IN THE WRITING HEAD OF AN INK PRINTING DEVICE. |
US4994824A (en) | 1988-12-16 | 1991-02-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Modal ink jet printing system |
US5103243A (en) | 1988-12-16 | 1992-04-07 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Volumetrically efficient ink jet pen capable of extreme altitude and temperature excursions |
US4992802A (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1991-02-12 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and apparatus for extending the environmental operating range of an ink jet print cartridge |
DE3900142A1 (en) | 1989-01-04 | 1990-07-05 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | METHOD FOR LABELING LONG STRETCHED GOODS |
ATE116599T1 (en) | 1989-01-13 | 1995-01-15 | Canon Kk | RECORDING HEAD. |
JP2575205B2 (en) | 1989-01-13 | 1997-01-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ink tank |
JP2845916B2 (en) | 1989-01-13 | 1999-01-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid storage container, liquid jet recording head, and liquid discharge recording device |
US4899181A (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1990-02-06 | Xerox Corporation | Large monolithic thermal ink jet printhead |
US4931811A (en) | 1989-01-31 | 1990-06-05 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet pen having a feedtube with improved sizing and operational with a minimum of depriming |
US4875968A (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1989-10-24 | Xerox Corporation | Method of fabricating ink jet printheads |
US4899178A (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1990-02-06 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with internally fed ink reservoir |
JPH02204048A (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1990-08-14 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head and manufacture thereof |
JPH02204044A (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1990-08-14 | Canon Inc | Ink jet head |
EP0412171B1 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1996-05-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Non-monocrystalline substance containing iridium, tantalum and aluminum |
US5211754A (en) | 1989-03-01 | 1993-05-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing a substrate for a liquid jet recording head, substrate manufactured by the method, liquid jet recording head formed by use of the substrate, and liquid jet recording apparatus having the head |
US5140345A (en) | 1989-03-01 | 1992-08-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing a substrate for a liquid jet recording head and substrate manufactured by the method |
JP2849109B2 (en) | 1989-03-01 | 1999-01-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | Method of manufacturing liquid jet recording head and liquid jet recording head manufactured by the method |
US5189438A (en) | 1989-03-06 | 1993-02-23 | Spectra, Inc. | Dual reservoir and valve system for an ink jet head |
US4965611A (en) | 1989-03-22 | 1990-10-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Amorphous diffusion barrier for thermal ink jet print heads |
US5237343A (en) | 1989-03-24 | 1993-08-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet head substrate, ink jet head having same and manufacturing method for ink jet head |
JP3009049B2 (en) | 1989-03-24 | 2000-02-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ink jet recording head, surface treatment method for ink jet recording head, and ink jet recording apparatus |
DE69027363T2 (en) | 1989-03-24 | 1996-11-14 | Canon Kk | Process for the manufacture of ink jet recording heads |
US4935752A (en) | 1989-03-30 | 1990-06-19 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet device with improved heating elements |
US5150132A (en) | 1989-04-07 | 1992-09-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Material containing a cured substance for use with a liquid ejection recording head and apparatus |
DE69010381T2 (en) | 1989-04-18 | 1994-11-17 | Canon Kk | Carrier material for an ink jet head, an ink jet head formed from this material and ink jet device equipped with this head. |
US4942408A (en) | 1989-04-24 | 1990-07-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bubble ink jet print head and cartridge construction and fabrication method |
US4947193A (en) | 1989-05-01 | 1990-08-07 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with improved heating elements |
JP2836749B2 (en) | 1989-05-09 | 1998-12-14 | 株式会社リコー | Liquid jet recording head |
US4956653A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1990-09-11 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bubble jet print head having improved multi-layer protective structure for heater elements |
US4947189A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1990-08-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bubble jet print head having improved resistive heater and electrode construction |
US4951063A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1990-08-21 | Xerox Corporation | Heating elements for thermal ink jet devices |
US4949102A (en) | 1989-05-30 | 1990-08-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bubble jet print head orifice construction |
US5066533A (en) | 1989-07-11 | 1991-11-19 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Boron nitride membrane in wafer structure and process of forming the same |
US5013383A (en) | 1989-07-11 | 1991-05-07 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Epoxy adhesive for use with thermal ink-jet printers |
IT1232551B (en) | 1989-07-13 | 1992-02-19 | Olivetti & Co Spa | PRINT HEAD FOR A INK-JET THERMAL PRINTER |
US4931812A (en) | 1989-07-18 | 1990-06-05 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Flow control system for ink cartridges |
US4924241A (en) | 1989-08-01 | 1990-05-08 | Diagraph Corporation | Printhead for ink jet printing apparatus |
US5157420A (en) | 1989-08-17 | 1992-10-20 | Takahiro Naka | Ink jet recording head having reduced manufacturing steps |
US4972204A (en) | 1989-08-21 | 1990-11-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Laminate, electroformed ink jet orifice plate construction |
US4929969A (en) | 1989-08-25 | 1990-05-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Ink supply construction and printing method for drop-on-demand ink jet printing |
US4935750A (en) | 1989-08-31 | 1990-06-19 | Xerox Corporation | Sealing means for thermal ink jet printheads |
US5019675A (en) | 1989-09-05 | 1991-05-28 | Xerox Corporation | Thick film substrate with highly thermally conductive metal base |
AU626457B2 (en) | 1989-09-18 | 1992-07-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head and ink jet recording apparatus having same |
SG75790A1 (en) | 1989-09-18 | 2000-10-24 | Canon Kk | Ink jet head and ink jet recording apparatus |
US5262802A (en) | 1989-09-18 | 1993-11-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording head assembly with single sealing member for ejection outlets and for an air vent |
US5189443A (en) | 1989-09-18 | 1993-02-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Recording head having stress-minimizing construction |
DK0419191T3 (en) | 1989-09-18 | 1997-02-24 | Canon Kk | |
US5121132A (en) | 1989-09-29 | 1992-06-09 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink delivery system for printers |
US5016023A (en) | 1989-10-06 | 1991-05-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Large expandable array thermal ink jet pen and method of manufacturing same |
DE69015953T2 (en) | 1989-10-10 | 1995-05-11 | Xaar Ltd | Printing process with several tonal values. |
JP2752466B2 (en) | 1989-10-24 | 1998-05-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ink tank, inkjet cartridge, and inkjet apparatus |
US5087930A (en) | 1989-11-01 | 1992-02-11 | Tektronix, Inc. | Drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US5017941A (en) | 1989-11-06 | 1991-05-21 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with recirculating cooling system |
US4961821A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1990-10-09 | Xerox Corporation | Ode through holes and butt edges without edge dicing |
US5000811A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1991-03-19 | Xerox Corporation | Precision buttable subunits via dicing |
US5010354A (en) | 1989-11-28 | 1991-04-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink jet pen with improved volumetric efficiency |
US4985710A (en) | 1989-11-29 | 1991-01-15 | Xerox Corporation | Buttable subunits for pagewidth "Roofshooter" printheads |
US5030971B1 (en) | 1989-11-29 | 2000-11-28 | Xerox Corp | Precisely aligned mono- or multi-color roofshooter type printhead |
JP2662446B2 (en) | 1989-12-11 | 1997-10-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | Printhead and printhead element substrate |
US5103246A (en) | 1989-12-11 | 1992-04-07 | Hewlett-Packard Company | X-Y multiplex drive circuit and associated ink feed connection for maximizing packing density on thermal ink jet (TIJ) printheads |
US5170177A (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1992-12-08 | Tektronix, Inc. | Method of operating an ink jet to achieve high print quality and high print rate |
US4971665A (en) | 1989-12-18 | 1990-11-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of fabricating orifice plates with reusable mandrel |
US4999650A (en) | 1989-12-18 | 1991-03-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bubble jet print head having improved multiplex actuation construction |
US5010355A (en) | 1989-12-26 | 1991-04-23 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead having ionic passivation of electrical circuitry |
US4957592A (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1990-09-18 | Xerox Corporation | Method of using erodable masks to produce partially etched structures in ODE wafer structures |
JP2752486B2 (en) | 1989-12-29 | 1998-05-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | INK JET PRINT HEAD, INSPECTION METHOD THEREOF, AND INK JET PRINTING APPARATUS |
EP0437106B1 (en) | 1990-01-08 | 1995-01-25 | Tektronix Inc. | Method and apparatus for printing with ink drops of varying sizes using a drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US5016024A (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1991-05-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Integral ink jet print head |
US4954225A (en) | 1990-01-10 | 1990-09-04 | Dynamics Research Corporation | Method for making nozzle plates |
US5047790A (en) | 1990-01-12 | 1991-09-10 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Controlled capillary ink containment for ink-jet pens |
US5057855A (en) | 1990-01-12 | 1991-10-15 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead and control arrangement therefor |
DE69116176T2 (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1996-05-30 | Canon Kk | Liquid jet recording head |
US4994826A (en) | 1990-01-19 | 1991-02-19 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with increased operating temperature and thermal efficiency |
EP0441503B1 (en) | 1990-01-25 | 1994-04-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording head, substrate for said head and ink jet recording device |
ATE107231T1 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1994-07-15 | Canon Kk | LIQUID JET RECORDING HEAD AND DEVICE. |
JP2863241B2 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1999-03-03 | キヤノン株式会社 | Printhead and printhead driving method |
GB2240951B (en) | 1990-02-09 | 1994-10-05 | Canon Kk | Ink jet recording system |
JPH03240546A (en) | 1990-02-19 | 1991-10-25 | Silk Giken Kk | Ink jet printing head |
US5040002A (en) | 1990-03-16 | 1991-08-13 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Regulator for ink-jet pens |
US5086307A (en) | 1990-03-21 | 1992-02-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
US5187499A (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1993-02-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head with protective layer having an ion exchanger |
US5045870A (en) | 1990-04-02 | 1991-09-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermal ink drop on demand devices on a single chip with vertical integration of driver device |
JP2657957B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1997-09-30 | キヤノン株式会社 | Projection device and light irradiation method |
US5073785A (en) | 1990-04-30 | 1991-12-17 | Xerox Corporation | Coating processes for an ink jet printhead |
US5041190A (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1991-08-20 | Xerox Corporation | Method of fabricating channel plates and ink jet printheads containing channel plates |
US5059989A (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1991-10-22 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Thermal edge jet drop-on-demand ink jet print head |
US5006202A (en) | 1990-06-04 | 1991-04-09 | Xerox Corporation | Fabricating method for silicon devices using a two step silicon etching process |
US5036337A (en) | 1990-06-22 | 1991-07-30 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with droplet volume control |
US5039999A (en) | 1990-06-26 | 1991-08-13 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Accumulator and pressure control for ink-ket pens |
US5040001A (en) | 1990-06-27 | 1991-08-13 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Collapsible storage bladder for ink cartridges |
US5041844A (en) | 1990-07-02 | 1991-08-20 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with location control of bubble collapse |
JP2756023B2 (en) | 1990-07-02 | 1998-05-25 | アルプス電気株式会社 | Inkjet head |
GB2249054B (en) | 1990-07-10 | 1994-10-19 | Canon Kk | Ink tank,ink jet cartridge having the tank,and ink jet recording apparatus having the cartridge |
US5081473A (en) | 1990-07-26 | 1992-01-14 | Xerox Corporation | Temperature control transducer and MOS driver for thermal ink jet printing chips |
US5057853A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1991-10-15 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with stepped nozzle face and method of fabrication therefor |
US5068006A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1991-11-26 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet printhead with pre-diced nozzle face and method of fabrication therefor |
US5187500A (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1993-02-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Control of energy to thermal inkjet heating elements |
US5206667A (en) | 1990-09-07 | 1993-04-27 | Fujitsu Limited | Fleming-type ink jet head |
US5169806A (en) | 1990-09-26 | 1992-12-08 | Xerox Corporation | Method of making amorphous deposited polycrystalline silicon thermal ink jet transducers |
US5136310A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1992-08-04 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet nozzle treatment |
US5212496A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1993-05-18 | Xerox Corporation | Coated ink jet printhead |
US5272491A (en) | 1990-10-31 | 1993-12-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal ink jet print device having phase change cooling |
US5243755A (en) | 1990-11-02 | 1993-09-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink-jet head assembling apparatus and method |
US5229785A (en) | 1990-11-08 | 1993-07-20 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method of manufacture of a thermal inkjet thin film printhead having a plastic orifice plate |
US5255017A (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1993-10-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Three dimensional nozzle orifice plates |
US5124717A (en) | 1990-12-06 | 1992-06-23 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead having integral filter |
US5132707A (en) | 1990-12-24 | 1992-07-21 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead |
US5233369A (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1993-08-03 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus for supplying ink to an ink jet printer |
US5075250A (en) | 1991-01-02 | 1991-12-24 | Xerox Corporation | Method of fabricating a monolithic integrated circuit chip for a thermal ink jet printhead |
US5153612A (en) | 1991-01-03 | 1992-10-06 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink delivery system for an ink-jet pen |
US5122812A (en) | 1991-01-03 | 1992-06-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal inkjet printhead having driver circuitry thereon and method for making the same |
US5083137A (en) | 1991-02-08 | 1992-01-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Energy control circuit for a thermal ink-jet printhead |
US5063393A (en) | 1991-02-26 | 1991-11-05 | Videojet Systems International, Inc. | Ink jet nozzle with dual fluid resonances |
US5126755A (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1992-06-30 | Videojet Systems International, Inc. | Print head assembly for ink jet printer |
US5198834A (en) | 1991-04-02 | 1993-03-30 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink jet print head having two cured photoimaged barrier layers |
US5194877A (en) | 1991-05-24 | 1993-03-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Process for manufacturing thermal ink jet printheads having metal substrates and printheads manufactured thereby |
US5204690A (en) | 1991-07-01 | 1993-04-20 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead having intergral silicon filter |
US5159353A (en) | 1991-07-02 | 1992-10-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal inkjet printhead structure and method for making the same |
US5214449A (en) | 1991-07-02 | 1993-05-25 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet bubble containment chamber design for acoustic absorption |
US5257042A (en) | 1991-07-09 | 1993-10-26 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet transducer protection |
US5149419A (en) | 1991-07-18 | 1992-09-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for fabricating long array orifice plates |
US5141596A (en) | 1991-07-29 | 1992-08-25 | Xerox Corporation | Method of fabricating an ink jet printhead having integral silicon filter |
US5160577A (en) | 1991-07-30 | 1992-11-03 | Deshpande Narayan V | Method of fabricating an aperture plate for a roof-shooter type printhead |
US5189787A (en) | 1991-07-30 | 1993-03-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Attachment of a flexible circuit to an ink-jet pen |
US5160403A (en) | 1991-08-09 | 1992-11-03 | Xerox Corporation | Precision diced aligning surfaces for devices such as ink jet printheads |
US5235352A (en) | 1991-08-16 | 1993-08-10 | Compaq Computer Corporation | High density ink jet printhead |
US5461403A (en) | 1991-08-16 | 1995-10-24 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Droplet volume modulation techniques for ink jet printheads |
US5208605A (en) | 1991-10-03 | 1993-05-04 | Xerox Corporation | Multi-resolution roofshooter printheads |
US5154815A (en) | 1991-10-23 | 1992-10-13 | Xerox Corporation | Method of forming integral electroplated filters on fluid handling devices such as ink jet printheads |
US5218754A (en) | 1991-11-08 | 1993-06-15 | Xerox Corporation | Method of manufacturing page wide thermal ink-jet heads |
US5257043A (en) | 1991-12-09 | 1993-10-26 | Xerox Corporation | Thermal ink jet nozzle arrays |
US5392064A (en) | 1991-12-19 | 1995-02-21 | Xerox Corporation | Liquid level control structure |
US5211806A (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1993-05-18 | Xerox Corporation | Monolithic inkjet printhead |
US5208980A (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1993-05-11 | Compag Computer Corporation | Method of forming tapered orifice arrays in fully assembled ink jet printheads |
US5255022A (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1993-10-19 | Xerox Corporation | Ink manifold having elastomer channel plate for ink jet printhead and process for making |
US5278584A (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1994-01-11 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink delivery system for an inkjet printhead |
US5258781A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1993-11-02 | Xerox Corporation | One-step encapsulation, air gap sealing and structure bonding of thermal ink jet printhead |
US5230926A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-07-27 | Xerox Corporation | Application of a front face coating to ink jet printheads or printhead dies |
US5218381A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-06-08 | Xerox Corporation | Hydrophobic coating for a front face of a printhead in an ink jet printer |
US5278585A (en) | 1992-05-28 | 1994-01-11 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead with ink flow directing valves |
US5287126A (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1994-02-15 | Xerox Corporation | Vacuum cleaner for acoustic ink printing |
US5504507A (en) | 1992-10-08 | 1996-04-02 | Xerox Corporation | Electronically readable performance data on a thermal ink jet printhead chip |
US5306370A (en) | 1992-11-02 | 1994-04-26 | Xerox Corporation | Method of reducing chipping and contamination of reservoirs and channels in thermal ink printheads during dicing by vacuum impregnation with protective filler material |
US5412412A (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1995-05-02 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead having compensation for topographical formations developed during fabrication |
US5322594A (en) | 1993-07-20 | 1994-06-21 | Xerox Corporation | Manufacture of a one piece full width ink jet printing bar |
US5495270A (en) | 1993-07-30 | 1996-02-27 | Tektronix, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing dot size modulated ink jet printing |
US5450108A (en) | 1993-09-27 | 1995-09-12 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead which avoids effects of unwanted formations developed during fabrication |
US5385635A (en) | 1993-11-01 | 1995-01-31 | Xerox Corporation | Process for fabricating silicon channel structures with variable cross-sectional areas |
US5646661A (en) * | 1993-11-11 | 1997-07-08 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink ejecting device having alternating ejecting channels and non-ejecting channels |
DE69517720T2 (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 2001-02-01 | Seiko Epson Corp | Ink jet recorder |
US5487483A (en) | 1994-05-24 | 1996-01-30 | Xerox Corporation | Nozzles for ink jet devices and method for microfabrication of the nozzles |
US5534901A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1996-07-09 | Xerox Corporation | Ink jet printhead having a flat surface heater plate |
US5589864A (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1996-12-31 | Xerox Corporation | Integrated varactor switches for acoustic ink printing |
JP3147680B2 (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 2001-03-19 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | Ink ejecting apparatus and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1997
- 1997-07-10 US US08/891,131 patent/US5901425A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-16 EP EP97112172A patent/EP0827833A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-07-23 CA CA002211238A patent/CA2211238A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-23 SG SG1997003025A patent/SG65011A1/en unknown
- 1997-08-25 TW TW086112189A patent/TW403701B/en active
- 1997-08-26 KR KR1019970040864A patent/KR19980018995A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-26 AU AU35301/97A patent/AU3530197A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-27 JP JP9230916A patent/JPH1086369A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SG65011A1 (en) | 1999-05-25 |
KR19980018995A (en) | 1998-06-05 |
US5901425A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
TW403701B (en) | 2000-09-01 |
JPH1086369A (en) | 1998-04-07 |
EP0827833A3 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
AU3530197A (en) | 1998-03-05 |
EP0827833A2 (en) | 1998-03-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5901425A (en) | Inkjet print head apparatus | |
CA1306899C (en) | Droplet deposition apparatus | |
US4992808A (en) | Multi-channel array, pulsed droplet deposition apparatus | |
US5438739A (en) | Method of making an elongated ink jet printhead | |
US5003679A (en) | Method of manufacturing a droplet deposition apparatus | |
EP0484983B1 (en) | Ink-jet recording head and its use | |
JP2666087B2 (en) | Electric pulse type droplet deposition device with high density multiple groove arrangement | |
AU647653B2 (en) | Method of manufacturing a high density ink jet printhead array | |
EP0653303B1 (en) | Ink ejecting device | |
US6986189B2 (en) | Method of manufacturing a piezoelectric vibrator unit | |
US20080204509A1 (en) | Droplet Deposition Apparatus | |
JPH07132596A (en) | Ink jet device | |
US7780273B2 (en) | Droplet deposition apparatus | |
JP3147680B2 (en) | Ink ejecting apparatus and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN1177543A (en) | Inkjet print head apparatus | |
JPH08258261A (en) | Ink jet device | |
JPH07132589A (en) | Driving of ink jet device | |
JPH02208051A (en) | Ink jet recorder | |
JPH02206556A (en) | Ink jet recording device | |
JPH06305132A (en) | Ink jet device | |
JP2002046269A (en) | Ink jet head | |
JPH06305139A (en) | Ink jet device | |
JPH0381153A (en) | Ink jet recording device | |
JP2000309095A (en) | Ink-jetting device and production therefof | |
JPH06305138A (en) | Ink jet printer |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FZDE | Discontinued |