CA2441190A1 - Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration - Google Patents

Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2441190A1
CA2441190A1 CA002441190A CA2441190A CA2441190A1 CA 2441190 A1 CA2441190 A1 CA 2441190A1 CA 002441190 A CA002441190 A CA 002441190A CA 2441190 A CA2441190 A CA 2441190A CA 2441190 A1 CA2441190 A1 CA 2441190A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
frequency
electrical characteristic
piezoelectric
values
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002441190A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2441190C (en
Inventor
Craig Litherland
Rob Burnside
Kamran Behzadian
Michael A. Klimowicz
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Novartis AG
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Individual
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Publication of CA2441190A1 publication Critical patent/CA2441190A1/en
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Publication of CA2441190C publication Critical patent/CA2441190C/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0638—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced by discharging the liquid or other fluent material through a plate comprising a plurality of orifices
    • B05B17/0646—Vibrating plates, i.e. plates being directly subjected to the vibrations, e.g. having a piezoelectric transducer attached thereto
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/005—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes using ultrasonics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0085—Inhalators using ultrasonics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/14—Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired places; Arrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0653—Details
    • B05B17/0669—Excitation frequencies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/802—Drive or control circuitry or methods for piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/081—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to the weight of a reservoir or container for liquid or other fluent material; responsive to level or volume of liquid or other fluent material in a reservoir or container

Abstract

A method for aerosolizing a liquid comprises providing an aerosol generator (16) having a plate (20) with a plurality of apertures and a piezoelectric element (22) to vibrate the plate (20). Liquid is supplied to the plate (20) and the piezoelectric element (22) is energized to vibrate the plate (20) at an initial frequency. The energy level is adjusted to vibrate the plate at its instantaneous resonant frequency during aerosolization of the liquid.

Claims (40)

1. A method for aerosolizing a liquid, comprising:
providing an aerosol generator comprising a plate having a plurality of apertures therein and a piezoelectric element disposed to vibrate the plate;
supplying a liquid to the plate;

energizing the piezoelectric element to vibrate the plate at an initial frequency;
and adjusting energization of the piezoelectric element to vibrate the plate at a desired frequency during aerosolization of the liquid through the plurality of apertures.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the energization adjusting step comprises:
detecting a first value of an electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric element at the initial frequency;
energizing the piezoelectric element to vibrate the plate at a second frequency, the initial and second frequencies differing from each other by a predetermined amount;
detecting a second value of the electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric element at the second frequency; and comparing the first and second values of the electrical characteristics.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the electrical characteristic is selected from the group consisting of voltage, current and phase difference between voltage and current in the piezoelectric element.
4. A method according to claim 2, further comprising:
energizing the piezoelectric element at a third frequency, the second and third frequencies differing from each other by an amount dependent upon the comparison between the first and second values of the electrical characteristic.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the amount is substantially equal to the predetermined amount when the first and second values of the electrical characteristic are substantially equal.
6. A method according to claim 4, wherein the amount is less than the predetermined amount when the first and second values of the electrical characteristic are substantially unequal.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the amount differs from the predetermined amount in inverse proportion to the difference between the first and second values of the electrical characteristic.
8. A method according to claim 4, further comprising:
detecting a third value of the electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric element at the third frequency;
comparing the second and third values of the electrical characteristic; and energizing the piezoelectric element at a fourth frequency, the third and fourth frequencies differing from each other by an amount dependent upon the comparison between the second and third values of the electrical characteristic.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the steps of detecting, comparing, and energizing are iterativley repeated until the desired frequency is determined.
10. A method according to claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring a parameter indicative of instantaneous resonant frequency to detect any rapid change in instantaneous resonant frequency.
11. A method according to claim 10, further comprising:
reducing energy to the piezoelectric element upon detection of a rapid change in instantaneous resonant frequency, wherein back puff is reduced.
12. A method according to claim 10, further comprising:
providing an indication upon detection of a rapid increase in instantaneous resonant frequency.
13. A method according to claim 12, wherein the indication is an end of dose indication.
14. A method according to claim 10, further comprising:

reducing energization of the piezoelectric element upon detection of a rapid increase in instantaneous resonant frequency.
15. A method according to claim 10, wherein the parameter monitored is the impedance of the piezoelectric element.
16. A method according to claim 1, further comprising:
energizing the piezoelectric element at to vibrate the plate at its resonant frequency at a first power level prior to supplying the liquid to the plate.
17. A method according to claim 16, further comprising:
increasing power level to a second power level when liquid is supplied to the plate.
18. A method according to claim 1, further comprising comparing a parameter indicative of instantaneous resonant frequency with a predetermined range of values.
19. A method according to claim 16, further comprising providing an indication when the parameter falls outside the predetermined range of values.
20. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting energization of the piezoelectric element is controlled by a PLL circuit.
21. A method according to claim 1, wherein the desired frequency is the instantaneous resonant frequency of the plate.
22. A method according to claim 1, wherein the desired frequency is the anti-resonant frequency of the piezoelectric plate.
23. A method of controlling piezoelectric vibration in an apparatus comprising a piezoelectric vibrating element and a vibratable structure to which the piezoelectric vibrating element is attached, the method comprising:
energizing the piezoelectric vibrating element to vibrate the vibratable structure at a first frequency;
detecting a first value of an electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric vibrating element at the first frequency;

energizing the piezoelectric vibratable element to vibrate the vibratable structure at a second frequency, the first and second frequencies differing from each other by a predetermined amount;
detecting a second value of the electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric vibrating element at the second frequency;
comparing the first and second values of the electrical characteristic; and energizing the piezoelectric element at a third frequency, the second and third frequencies differing from each other by a variable amount dependent upon the comparison made between the first and second values of the electrical characteristic.
24. A method according to claim 23, wherein the electrical characteristic is selected from the group consisting of voltage, current and phase difference between voltage and current in the piezoelectric vibrating element.
25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the variable amount is substantially equal to the predetermined amount when the first and second values of the electrical characteristic are substantially equal.
26. A method according to claim 25, wherein the variable amount is less than the predetermined amount when the first and second values of the electrical characteristic are substantially unequal.
27. A method according to claim 26, wherein the variable amount differs from the predetermined amount in inverse proportion to the difference between the first and second values of the electrical characteristic.
28. A method according to claim 23, further comprising:
detecting a third value of the electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric vibrating element at the third frequency;
comparing the second and third values of the electrical characteristic; and energizing the piezoelectric vibrating element at a fourth frequency, the third and fourth frequencies differing from each other by an amount dependent upon the comparison made between the second and third values of the electrical characteristic.
29. A method according to claim 23, wherein the apparatus comprises a piezoelectric structure.
30. A method according to claim 23, further comprising supplying a liquid to the vibratable structure.
31. An aerosolizing apparatus comprising:
an aerosol generator comprising a plate having a plurality of apertures therein and a piezoelectric element disposed to vibrate the plate;
a liquid supplier that is adapted to supply liquid to the plate;
an energizing unit that is adapted to energize the piezoelectric element to vibrate the plate at an initial frequency; and a controller for controlling the energizing unit, the controller being configured to control energization of the piezoelectric element such that the plate vibrates at its instantaneous resonant frequency during aerosolization of supplied liquid through the plurality of apertures.
32. An aerosolization apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the controller comprises:
a detector configured to detect a first value of an electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric element at the initial frequency and a second value of the electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric element at a second frequency;
a comparator configured to compare the first and second values of the electrical characteristic; and a selector adapted to select a third frequency of energization of the piezoelectric element, wherein the third frequency differs from the second frequency by an amount selected by the selector based upon a comparison of the first and second values of the electrical characteristic.
33. An aerosolization apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising:
a monitor configured to monitor for a rapid change in instantaneous resonant frequency; and an indicator configured to indicate a rapid increase in instantaneous resonant frequency.
34. An aerosolization apparatus according to claim 31, further comprising:
a sensor for sensing when a parameter indicative of instantaneous resonant frequency falls outside a predetermined range of, values for the parameter.
35. A piezoelectric vibration control system in an apparatus comprising a piezoelectric vibrating element and a vibratable structure to which the piezoelectric vibrating element is attached, the system comprising:
a detector configured to detect values of an electrical characteristic of the piezoelectric vibrating element at a first and a second frequency of vibration;
a comparator configured to compare the detected values of the electrical characteristic; and a selector configured to select a third frequency of vibration, wherein the third frequency differs from the second frequency by an amount selected by the selector based upon a difference between the first and second frequencies and a comparison of the first and second values of the electrical characteristic.
36. A piezoelectric vibration control system according to claim 35, wherein the electrical characteristic detected by the detector is selected from the group consisting of voltage, current and phase difference between the voltage and current in the piezoelectric vibrating element.
37. A method of determining degradation of a piezoelectric vibration device, the method comprising:
at a first time, determining a first resonant frequency of the a piezoelectric vibration device;
at a second time, determining a second resonant frequency of the a piezoelectric vibration device; and comparing the first and second resonant frequencies to determine a difference, wherein the difference indicates degradation in the piezoelectric vibration device.
38. A method according to claim 37, wherein the first and the second resonant frequencies are determined when the piezoelectric vibration device is unloaded.
39. A method according to claim 38, wherein the degradation in the piezoelectric vibration device includes a crack in the piezoelectric vibration device.
40. A method according to claim 37, wherein the degradation in the piezoelectric vibration device includes a clog in the piezoelectric vibration device
CA2441190A 2001-03-13 2002-03-08 Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration Expired - Lifetime CA2441190C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/805,498 US6546927B2 (en) 2001-03-13 2001-03-13 Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration
US09/805,498 2001-03-13
PCT/US2002/007471 WO2002078424A1 (en) 2001-03-13 2002-03-08 Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2441190A1 true CA2441190A1 (en) 2002-10-10
CA2441190C CA2441190C (en) 2011-05-10

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CA2441190A Expired - Lifetime CA2441190C (en) 2001-03-13 2002-03-08 Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration

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US (1) US6546927B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1370129A4 (en)
CA (1) CA2441190C (en)
WO (1) WO2002078424A1 (en)

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CA2441190C (en) 2011-05-10

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