CA2441880A1 - Radially expanding interbody spinal fusion implants and instrumentation for insertion thereof - Google Patents

Radially expanding interbody spinal fusion implants and instrumentation for insertion thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2441880A1
CA2441880A1 CA002441880A CA2441880A CA2441880A1 CA 2441880 A1 CA2441880 A1 CA 2441880A1 CA 002441880 A CA002441880 A CA 002441880A CA 2441880 A CA2441880 A CA 2441880A CA 2441880 A1 CA2441880 A1 CA 2441880A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
implant
expander
bone
side portions
leading end
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002441880A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2441880C (en
Inventor
Gary Karlin Michelson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
Original Assignee
Gary Karlin Michelson
Sdgi Holdings, Inc.
Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc.
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gary Karlin Michelson, Sdgi Holdings, Inc., Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. filed Critical Gary Karlin Michelson
Priority to CA2715716A priority Critical patent/CA2715716C/en
Publication of CA2441880A1 publication Critical patent/CA2441880A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2441880C publication Critical patent/CA2441880C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/446—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or elliptical cross-section substantially parallel to the axis of the spine, e.g. cylinders or frustocones
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    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/907—Composed of particular material or coated
    • Y10S606/908—Bioabsorbable material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/907—Composed of particular material or coated
    • Y10S606/909—Bone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/907—Composed of particular material or coated
    • Y10S606/91—Polymer

Abstract

Interbody spinal fusion implants (100) being at least in part radially expandable at one of the leading (104) or trailing (102) ends to expand both the height and at least a portion of the width of the implant (100).
Instruments (300) and methods for inserting the implants (100) into an implantation space in the spine are disclosed.

Claims (136)

  1. WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

    An interbody spinal fusion implant for implantation from at least in part a posterior approach at least in part within and across the height of a disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of an adult human spine, said implant comprising:

    a body having a leading end for insertion first into the disc space, a trailing end opposite said leading end, and a mid-longitudinal axis along the length of said body, said body having an upper portion adapted to contact one of the adjacent vertebral bodies, a lower portion opposite said upper portion adapted to contact another one of the adjacent vertebral bodies, and at least one side portion between said upper and lower portions, each of said upper, lower, and side portions extending from said trailing end of said body and being spaced apart from one another to form a hollow interior therebetween, said hollow interior being configured to hold at least some bone growth promoting material therein, said upper and lower portions configured to permit far the growth of bone from adjacent vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through said body of said implant, each of said upper, lower, and side portions configured to move at least in part in a direction away from the mid-longitudinal axis of the body allowing for expansion of the height and at least a portion of the width of said body, said upper, lower, and side portions having a collapsed position relative to one another allowing for a collapsed height and width of said body and an expanded position relative to one another allowing for an expanded height and width of said body, the expanded height and width of said body being greater than the collapsed height and width of said body, respectively; and an expander at least in part within said hollow interior, said expander configured to cooperatively engage an instrument adapted to be inserted through said trailing end of said body to engage and to move said expander from a position proximate said leading end when said body is in the collapsed position away from said leading end and toward said trailing end of said body to place said body in the expanded position, said expander adapted to contact and to move said upper, lower, and side portions away from the mid-longitudinal axis of said body, said upper, lower, and side portions of said body adapted to cooperatively engage said expander to locate said expander at a location along the length of said body between and away from each of said leading and trailing ends and to resist dislodgment of said expander from that location when said implant is in use, said expander adapted to hold at least a portion of said upper, lower, and side portions apart so as to maintain the expanded height and width of said body and to resist the collapse of said body to the collapsed body height and width when said body is in the expanded position.
  2. 2. The implant of claim 1, wherein said expander includes a threaded opening for threadable engagement with a tool used to move said expander from an initial position to a final position to increase the height and width of said body.
  3. 3. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant in the expanded position has at feast one hollow inferior portion that is substantially unobstructed by any mechanism to move said expander so as to permit growth of bone from adjacent vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through said body.
  4. 4. The implant of claim 1, wherein each of said upper and lower portions are adapted to cooperate with and to fixedly locate said expander therebetween.
  5. 5. The implant of claim 4, wherein each of said upper and lower portions are configured to permit said expander to seat therein in at least said expanded position.
  6. 6. The implant of claim 1, wherein said expander has at least one truncated side so as to avoid contact with one of said at least one side portions of said body.
  7. 7. The implant of claim 1, wherein said expander is configured to expand the width of said body on one side by contacting only one of said side portions of said body.
  8. 8. The implant of claim 1, wherein said expander is configured to receive at least a portion of at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions.
  9. 9. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said upper, lower, and side portions are separated by a space, said expander includes at least one guide peg extending therefrom and configured to be placed in said space between at least a portion of at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions.
  10. 10. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant includes only a single expander.
  11. 11. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions comprises a plurality of arms separated from one another at least in part by a space, said space being at least one of an opening, slit, and slot.
  12. 12. The implant of claim 11, wherein said space is configured to permit for the growth of bone from vertebral body to vertebral body through said body.
  13. 13. The implant of claim 11, wherein said arms are of different lengths.
  14. 14. The implant of claim 11, wherein said side portion includes at least one arm having a length less than the length of the arms of said upper and lower portions.
  15. 15. The implant of claim 11, wherein said implant includes opposite side portions.
  16. 16. The implant of claim 14, wherein said arm having a lesser length provides for a reduced width of said leading end of said body relative to the height of said implant in the expanded position.
  17. 17. The implant of claim 11, wherein said arms are aligned parallel with the mid-longitudinal axis of said body in the collapsed position.
  18. 18. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant is at least in part open opposite said side portion.
  19. 19. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions has an interior surface, at least a portion of said interior surface forming a ramp adapted to contact said expander.
  20. 20. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions has an interior surface, at least a portion of said interior surface forming a seat adapted to receive and locate said expander along the length of said body.
  21. 21. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions is sufficiently resilient so as to bend to be moved away from said mid-longitudinal axis of said body.
  22. 22. The implant of claim 1, wherein said upper, lower, and side portions when said implant is in the collapsed position form a generally cylindrical shape.
  23. 23. The implant of claim 1, wherein said upper, lower, and side portions when said implant is in the expanded position form a generally frusto-conical shape.
  24. 24. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions is at least in part concave along at least portion of the length of said body.
  25. 25. The implant of claim 1, further in combination with a post adapted to be inserted at least in part within said hollow interior of said body for moving said expander along at least a portion of the length of said body between said upper and lower portions of said implant.
  26. 26. The implant of claim 25, wherein said post has a shaft with a first end adapted to be coupled to one of said leading and trailing ends of said body and a second end opposite said first end configured to cooperatively engage a tool used for inserting said post into said body.
  27. 27. The implant of claim 26, wherein said shaft is at least in part threaded and said expander has a threaded opening configured to threadably engage said shaft so that rotation of said post within said body moves said expander along at least a portion of the length of said body to force apart said upper, lower, and side portions.
  28. 28. The implant of claim 27, wherein at least a portion of shaft of said post is smooth.
  29. 29. The implant of claim 25, wherein said post is configured to pass through at least a portion of at least one of said leading and trailing ends of said body.
  30. 30. The implant of claim 1, wherein said trailing end of said body is configured to cooperatively engage a driver for inserting the implant into the implantation space.
  31. 31. The implant of claim 1, wherein said trailing end of said body includes at least one non-threaded opening.
  32. 32. The implant of claim 1, further comprising a bone engaging surface formed on the exterior of at least said upper and lower portions for engaging the adjacent vertebral bodies, said bone engaging surface including at least one of a thread, a ratchet, a spline, surface roughenings, and knurling.
  33. 33. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant comprises an artificial material other than bone.
  34. 34. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said upper, lower, and side portions of said implant include a material selected from at least one of titanium, plastic, stainless steel, and carbon fiber.
  35. 35. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant is made of an artificial material that is stronger than bone.
  36. 36. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant comprises at least in part of one of bone and bone growth promoting material.
  37. 37. The implant of claim 36, wherein said bone growth promoting material is selected from one of bone, bone derived products, demineralized bone matrix, ossifying proteins, bone morphogenetic protein, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
  38. 38. The implant of claim 1, in combination with a bone growth promoting material.
  39. 39. The implant of claim 38, wherein said bone growth promoting material is selected from one of bone, bone derived products, demineralized bone matrix, ossifying proteins, bone morphogenetic protein, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
  40. 40. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant is treated with a bone growth promoting substance.
  41. 41. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant is a source of osteogenesis.
  42. 42. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant comprises at least one of the following materials: metal, titanium, plastic, and ceramic appropriate for implantation in the human body.
  43. 43. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant is at least in part resorbable.
  44. 44. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant is formed of a porous material.
  45. 45. The implant of claim 1, in combination with a chemical substance adapted to inhibit scar formation.
  46. 46. The implant of claim 1, in combination with an antimicrobial material.
  47. 47. The implant of claim 1, wherein said hollow inferior of said implant includes bone growth promoting material selected from one of bone, bone derived products, demineralized bone matrix, ossifying proteins, bone morphogenetic protein, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
  48. 48. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said implant is treated to promote bone ingrowth between said implant and said adjacent vertebral bodies.
  49. 49. The implant of claim 1, in combination with an implant holder.
  50. 50. The implant of claim 1, in combination with an expander driver.
  51. 51. The implant of claim 1, in combination with a remover instrument for removing said expander from within said hollow inferior of said body.
  52. 52. The implant of claim 1, in combination with an instrument for loading bone growth promoting material into at least a portion of the implant.
  53. 53. The implant of claim 1, further in combination with at least one of spinal fixation hardware, a bone screw, a plate, a rod, a tether of synthetic chord, and a tether of wire.
  54. 54. An interbody spinal fusion implant for implantation from at least in part an anterior approach at least in part within and across the height of a disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of an adult human spine, said implant comprising:
    a body having a leading end for insertion first into the disc space, a trailing end opposite said leading end, and a mid-longitudinal axis along the length of said body, said body having a base proximate said leading end, an upper portion adapted to contact one of the adjacent vertebral bodies, a lower portion opposite said upper portion adapted to contact another one of the adjacent vertebral bodies, and at least one side portion between said upper and lower portions, each of said upper, lower, and side portions extending from said base of said body and being spaced apart from one another to form a hollow interior therebetween, said hollow interior being configured to hold at least some bone growth promoting material therein, said upper and lower portions configured to permit for the growth of bone from adjacent vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through said body of said implant, each of said upper, lower, and side portions configured to move at least in part in a direction away from the mid-longitudinal axis of said body allowing for expansion of the height and at least a portion of the width of said body, said upper, lower, and side portions having a collapsed position relative to one another allowing for a collapsed height and width of said body and an expanded position relative to one another allowing for an expanded height and width of said body, the expanded height and width of said body being greater than the collapsed height and width of said body, respectively; and an expander at least in part within said hollow interior, said expander configured to contact an instrument adapted to be inserted through said trailing end of said body to move said expander from a position proximate said trailing end when said body is in the collapsed position away from said trailing end and toward said base of said body to place said body in the expanded position, said expander adapted to contact and to move said upper, lower, and side portions away from the mid-longitudinal axis of said body, said upper, lower, and side portions of said body adapted to cooperatively engage said expander to locate said expander at a location along the length of said body between and away from each of said leading and trailing ends and to resist dislodgment of said expander from that location when said implant is in use, said expander adapted to hold at least a portion of said upper, lower, and side portions apart so as to maintain the expanded height and width of said body and to resist the collapse of said body to the collapsed body height and width when said body is in the expanded position.
  55. 55. The implant of claim 54, wherein said expander is adapted to cooperatively engage a tool used to move said expander from an initial position to a final position to increase the height and width of said body.
  56. 56. The implant of claim 54, wherein said expander includes a threaded opening for threadable engagement with a tool used to move said expander from an initial position to a final position to increase the height and width of said body.
  57. 57. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant in the expanded position has at least one hollow interior portion that is substantially unobstructed by any mechanism to move said expander so as to permit growth of bone from adjacent vertebral body to adjacent vertebral body through said body.
  58. 58. The implant of claim 54, wherein each of said upper and lower portions are adapted to cooperate with and to fixedly locate said expander therebetween.
  59. 59. The implant of claim 58, wherein each of said upper and lower portions are configured to permit said expander to seat therein in at least said expanded position.
  60. 60. The implant of claim 54, wherein said expander has at least one truncated side so as to avoid contact with one of said at least one side portions of said body.
  61. 61. The implant of claim 54, wherein said expander is configured to expand the width of said body on one side by contacting only one of said side portions of said body.
  62. 62. The implant of claim 54, wherein said expander is configured to receive at least a portion of at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions.
  63. 63. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least a portion of said upper, lower, and side portions are separated by a space, said expander includes at least one guide peg extending therefrom and configured to be placed in said space between at least a portion of at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions.
  64. 64. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant includes only a single expander.
  65. 65. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions comprises a plurality of arms separated from one another at least in part by a space, said space being at least one of an opening, slit, and slot.
  66. 66. The implant of claim 65, wherein said space is configured to permit for the growth of bone from vertebral body to vertebral body through said body.
  67. 67. The implant of claim 65, wherein said arms are of different lengths.
  68. 68. The implant of claim 65, wherein said side portion includes at least one arm having a length less than the length of the arms of said upper and lower portions.
  69. 69. The implant of claim 65, wherein said implant includes opposite side portions.
  70. 70. The implant of claim 67, wherein said arm having a lesser length provides for a reduced width of said trailing end of said body relative to said height of said implant in the expanded position.
  71. 71. The implant of claim 65, wherein said arms are aligned parallel with the mid-longitudinal axis of said body in the collapsed position.
  72. 72. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant is at least in part open opposite said side portion.
  73. 73. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions has an interior surface, at least a portion of said interior surface forming a ramp adapted to contact said expander.
  74. 74. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions has an interior surface, at least a portion of said interior surface forming a seat adapted to receive and locate said expander along the length of said body.
  75. 75. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions is sufficiently resilient so as to bend to be moved away from said mid-longitudinal axis of said body.
  76. 76. The implant of claim 54, wherein said upper, lower, and side portions when said implant is in the collapsed position form a generally cylindrical shape.
  77. 77. The implant of claim 54, wherein said upper, lower, and side portions when said implant is in the expanded position form a generally frusto-conical shape.
  78. 78. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least one of said upper, lower, and side portions is at least in part concave along at least a portion of the length of said body.
  79. 79. The implant of claim 54, further in combination with a post adapted to be inserted at least in part within said hollow interior of said body for moving said expander along at least a portion of the length of said body between said upper and lower portions of said implant.
  80. 80. The implant of claim 79, wherein said post has a shaft with a first end adapted to be coupled to one of said leading and trailing ends of said body and a second end opposite said first end configured to cooperatively engage a tool used for inserting said post into said body.
  81. 81. The implant of claim 80, wherein said shaft is at least in part threaded and said expander has a threaded opening configured to threadably engage said shaft so that rotation of said post within said body moves said expander along at least a portion of the length of said body to force apart said upper, lower, and side portions.
  82. 82. The implant of claim 81, wherein at least a portion of shaft of said post is smooth.
  83. 83. The implant of claim 79, wherein said post is configured to pass through at least a portion of at least one of said leading and trailing ends of said body.
  84. 84. The implant of claim 54, wherein said trailing end of said body is configured to cooperatively engage a driver for inserting the implant into the implantation space.
  85. 85. The implant of claim 54, wherein said trailing end of said body includes at least one non-threaded opening.
  86. 86. The implant of claim 54, further comprising a bone engaging surface formed on the exterior of at least said upper and lower portions for engaging the adjacent vertebral bodies, said bone engaging surface including at least one of a thread, a ratchet, a spline, surface roughenings, and knurling.
  87. 87. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant comprises an artificial material other than bone.
  88. 88. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least a portion of said upper, lower, and side portions of said implant include a material selected from at least one of titanium, plastic, stainless steel, and carbon fiber.
  89. 89. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant is made of an artificial material that is stronger than bone.
  90. 90. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant comprises at least in part of one of bone and bone growth promoting material.
  91. 91. The implant of claim 90, wherein said bone growth promoting material is selected from one of bone, bone derived products, demineralized bone matrix, ossifying proteins, bone morphogenetic protein, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
  92. 92. The implant of claim 54, in combination with a bone growth promoting material.
  93. 93. The implant of claim 92, wherein said bone growth promoting material is selected from one of bone, bone derived products, demineralized bone matrix, ossifying proteins, bone morphogenetic protein, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
  94. 94. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant is treated with a bone growth promoting substance.
  95. 95. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant is a source of osteogenesis.
  96. 96. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant comprises at least one of the following materials: metal, titanium, plastic, and ceramic appropriate for implantation in the human body.
  97. 97. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant is at least in part resorbable.
  98. 98. The implant of claim 54, wherein said implant is formed of a porous material.
  99. 99. The implant of claim 54, in combination with a chemical substance adapted to inhibit scar formation.
  100. 100. The implant of claim 54, in combination with an antimicrobial material.
  101. 101. The implant of claim 54, wherein said hollow interior of said implant includes bone growth promoting material selected from one of bone, bone derived products, demineralized bone matrix, ossifying proteins, bone morphogenetic protein, hydroxyapatite, and genes coding for the production of bone.
  102. 102. The implant of claim 54, wherein at least a portion of said implant is treated to promote bone ingrowth between said implant and said adjacent vertebral bodies.
  103. 103. The implant of claim 54, in combination with an implant holder.
  104. 104. The implant of claim 54, in combination with an expander driver.
  105. 105. The implant of claim 54, in combination with a remover instrument for removing said expander from within said hollow interior of said body.
  106. 106. The implant of claim 54, in combination with an instrument for loading bone growth promoting material into at least a portion of the implant.
  107. 107. The implant of claim 54, further in combination with at least one of spinal fixation hardware, a bone screw, a plate, a rod, a tether of synthetic chord, and a tether of wire.
  108. 108. An apparatus for inserting at least in part within and across the height of a disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of the human spine a spinal implant having upper and lower portions, and an expander for expanding the height and at least a portion of the width of the implant from a collapsed position to an expanded position, said apparatus comprising:
    an inserter guide having a leading end and a trailing end, said leading end of said inserter guide being configured to cooperatively engage the trailing end of the implant, said inserter guide having a hollow interior forming a passage from said trailing end to said leading end through said inserter guide;
    a post adapted to be inserted at least in part through the trailing end of the implant and into a hollow interior of the implant for moving the expander along at least a portion of the length of the implant between the upper and lower portions of the implant, said post having a leading end configured to cooperatively engage the expander and a trailing end adapted to be coupled to the implant and cooperatively engage an instrument for moving said post; and an inner shaft configured to be inserted at least in part within said passage of said inserter guide, said inner shaft having a leading end and a trailing end, said leading end of said inner shaft being configured to cooperatively engage the trailing end of said post, said inner shaft adapted to move said post so as to move the expander toward the trailing end of the implant to expand the height and at least a portion of the width of the implant.
  109. 109. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said leading end of said inserter guide includes an implant engaging head to cooperatively engage the implant to hold and manipulate the implant during insertion of the implant into the disc space.
  110. 110. The apparatus of claim 109, wherein said implant engaging head includes at least one of a flange and a pin.
  111. 111. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said inserter guide further comprises a handle proximate said trailing end of said inserter guide.
  112. 112. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said trailing end of said inserter guide is funnel-shaped to facilitate the introduction of bone growth promoting material through said passage of said inserter guide and into at least a portion of the spinal implant.
  113. 113. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said inserter guide is configured to be inserted at least in part within a guard for providing protected access to the disc space and the adjacent vertebral bodies.
  114. 114. The apparatus of claim 108, further in combination with a guard for providing protected access to the disc space and the adjacent vertebral bodies.
  115. 115. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said inner shaft is adapted to rotate within said inserter guide to rotate said post and move the expander toward the trailing end of the implant to expand the height and at least a portion of the width of the implant.
  116. 116. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said leading end of said inner shaft is adapted hold said post such that upon disengagement of said post from the implant said inner shaft withdraws said post through said inserter guide.
  117. 117. The apparatus of claim 117, wherein said leading end of said inner shaft includes at least one of a detent and a spring flange.
  118. 118. The apparatus of claim 117, wherein said leading end of said inner shaft forms an interference fit with said post.
  119. 119. The apparatus of claim 108, wherein said trailing end of said inner shaft is configured to cooperatively engage a device for rotating said inner shaft.
  120. 120. The apparatus of claim 108, further comprising a plunger configured to be inserted at least in part within said passage of said inserter guide, said plunger adapted to advance bone growth promoting material through said passage of said inserter guide and into at least a portion of the implant.
  121. 121. The apparatus of claim 120, wherein said plunger has an outer shaft and an inner rod at least in part within said outer shaft in slideable relationship to said outer shaft.
  122. 122. The apparatus of claim 121 wherein said outer shaft has a leading end for insertion first into said inserter guide and a trailing end opposite said leading end, said plunger being configured to limit the extension of said inner rod from the leading end of said outer shaft.
  123. 123. The apparatus of claim 122, further comprising a clamp having a tightened position for holding said inner rod in fixed relationship to said outer shaft of said plunger and a released position for permitting travel of said inner rod beyond said leading end of said outer shaft of said plunger.
  124. 124. The apparatus of claim 123, further comprising a stop to limit travel of said inner rod relative to said outer shaft of said plunger.
  125. 125. The apparatus of claim 124, wherein at least a portion of said plunger is configured to extend beyond the leading end of said inserter guide and at least in part within the spinal implant.
  126. 126. An apparatus for use with a spinal implant having an expander for expanding the height of the implant from a collapsed position to an expanded position, the implant having a leading end for insertion first into a disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of the human spine and a trailing end opposite said leading end, the implant having at least upper and lower portions adapted to be moved away from one another by the expander when positioned therebetween, said apparatus comprising:
    an elongated shaft having a leading end and a trailing end opposite said leading end, and a mid-longitudinal axis;
    an enlarged head proximate said leading end of said shaft configured to be inserted at least in part between the upper and lower portions of the implant, said enlarged head adapted to move apart the upper and lower portions to release the expander therebetween; and a projection extending from said enlarged head adapted to cooperatively engage the expander for removal of the expander from within the implant.
  127. 127. The apparatus of claim 126, wherein said projection is a threaded rod configured to threadably engage an opening in the expander.
  128. 128. The apparatus of claim 126, wherein said trailing end of said shaft is adapted to cooperatively engage a handle.
  129. 129. An apparatus for inserting at least in part within and across the height of a disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of the human spine a spinal implant having an expander for expanding the height and at least a portion of the width of the implant from a collapsed position to an expanded position, the implant having upper, lower, and side portions comprising a plurality of arms separated by spaces, said apparatus comprising:

    an inserter having a leading end and a trailing end opposite said leading end, said leading end of said inserter guide having a plurality of spaced apart portions, said spaced apart portions of said inserter configured to fit in the spaces between the arms of the spinal implant to cooperatively engage said inserter to the implant.
  130. 130. The apparatus of claim 129, wherein at least a portion of said leading end of said inserter has a hollow interior.
  131. 131. The apparatus of claim 129, wherein said leading end includes a longitudinal bore extending into at least a portion of said inserter.
  132. 132. The apparatus of claim 129, wherein at least a portion of said leading end of said inserter is tapered to facilitate insertion between the arms of the implant.
  133. 133. An apparatus for holding a spinal implant having an expander for expanding the height and at least a portion of the width of the implant from a collapsed position to an expanded position, the implant having upper, lower, and side portions comprising a plurality of arms separated by spaces, said apparatus comprising:
    a sleeve having a leading end and a trailing end and a passageway from said trailing end to said leading end, said passageway providing access to the implant through said sleeve, said leading end of said sleeve having a plurality of spaced apart portions, said spaced apart portions of said sleeve configured to fit in the spaces between the arms of the spinal implant to cooperatively engage said sleeve to the implant.
  134. 134. The apparatus of claim 133, further comprising a handle proximate said trailing end of said sleeve.
  135. 135. The apparatus of claim 133, wherein said spaced apart portions of said sleeve are flexible at least in part.
  136. 136. An apparatus for use with a spinal implant having an expander for expanding the height of the implant from a collapsed position to an expanded position, the implant having a leading end for insertion first into a disc space between two adjacent vertebral bodies of the human spine and a trailing end opposite said leading end, the implant having at least upper and lower portions adapted to be moved away from one another by the expander when positioned therebetween, said apparatus comprising:
    an elongated shaft having a mid-longitudinal axis, a leading end, and a trailing end opposite said leading end, said leading end having a bore therein and an enlarged head with a collar in movable relationship to said head that permits rotational movement of said head independent of said collar, said collar and said head being configured to be inserted at least in part between the upper and lower portions of the implant, said collar adapted to bear against and move apart the upper and lower portions of the implant to release the expander therebetween; and a post adapted to be inserted at least in part through the trailing end of the spinal implant for guiding the elongated shaft along the mid-longitudinal axis between the upper and lower portions of said implant, said post having a leading end configured to cooperatively engage the implant and a trailing end adapted to be received within said bore of said elongated shaft, said head of said elongated shafted adapted to rotate about said post.
CA2441880A 2001-03-27 2002-03-26 Radially expanding interbody spinal fusion implants and instrumentation for insertion thereof Expired - Fee Related CA2441880C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2715716A CA2715716C (en) 2001-03-27 2002-03-26 Radially expanding interbody spinal fusion implants and instrumentation for insertion thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27920501P 2001-03-27 2001-03-27
US60/279,205 2001-03-27
US28171401P 2001-04-04 2001-04-04
US60/281,714 2001-04-04
US10/105,839 US7128760B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2002-03-25 Radially expanding interbody spinal fusion implants, instrumentation, and methods of insertion
US10/105,839 2002-03-25
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US7128760B2 (en) 2006-10-31
AU2002245583B2 (en) 2006-10-26
EP1385457A4 (en) 2008-02-20
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US20050021041A1 (en) 2005-01-27
US8262736B2 (en) 2012-09-11
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US7445636B2 (en) 2008-11-04
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EP2327377B1 (en) 2012-03-14
US20050010295A1 (en) 2005-01-13
ATE548993T1 (en) 2012-03-15
JP2005523732A (en) 2005-08-11
US20020143401A1 (en) 2002-10-03
AU2002245583A1 (en) 2002-10-08
EP1385457A2 (en) 2004-02-04
CA2715716C (en) 2014-06-03
CA2715716A1 (en) 2002-10-03
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JP4154238B2 (en) 2008-09-24
US20060058878A1 (en) 2006-03-16

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