CA2501329A1 - Fabric crepe process for making absorbent sheet - Google Patents

Fabric crepe process for making absorbent sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2501329A1
CA2501329A1 CA002501329A CA2501329A CA2501329A1 CA 2501329 A1 CA2501329 A1 CA 2501329A1 CA 002501329 A CA002501329 A CA 002501329A CA 2501329 A CA2501329 A CA 2501329A CA 2501329 A1 CA2501329 A1 CA 2501329A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
web
creping
percent
belt
stretch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002501329A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2501329C (en
Inventor
Steven L. Edwards
Guy H. Super
Stephen J. Mccullough
Dean J. Baumgartner
Richard W. Eggen
David P. Duggan
Jeffrey E. Krueger
David W. Lomax
Colin A. Jones
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GPCP IP Holdings LLC
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to CA2724119A priority Critical patent/CA2724119C/en
Priority to CA2724104A priority patent/CA2724104C/en
Priority to CA2724121A priority patent/CA2724121C/en
Publication of CA2501329A1 publication Critical patent/CA2501329A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2501329C publication Critical patent/CA2501329C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D21F11/145—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper including a through-drying process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/006—Making patterned paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/005—Mechanical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
    • D21H21/20—Wet strength agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
    • Y10T428/24455—Paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness

Abstract

A process for making absorbent cellulosic paper products such as sheet for towel, tissue and the like, includes compactively dewatering a nascent web followed by wet belt creping the web at an intermediate consistency of anywhere from about 30 to about 60 percent under conditions operative t redistribute the fiber on the belt, which is preferably a fabric. In preferred embodiments, the web is thereafter adhesively applied to a Yankee dryer using a creping adhesive operative to enable high speed transfer of the web of intermediate consistency such as a poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyamide adhesive. An absorbent sheet so prepared from a papermaking furnish exhibits an absorbency of at least about 5 g/g, a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent, and an MD/CD tensile ratio of less than about 1.1, and also exhibits a maximum CD
modulus at a CD strain of less than 1 percent and sustains a CD modulus of a t least 50 percent of its maximum CD modulus to a CD strain of at least about 4 percent. Products of the invention may also exhibit an MD modulus at break 1.5 to 2 times their initial MD modulus.

Claims (125)

1. A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt to form a web with a reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights including at least (i) a plurality of fiber enriched pileated regions of high local basis weight, interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased toward the direction between-pileated regions; and d) drying the web.
2. The method according to Claim 1, operated at a Fabric Crepe of at least about 20 percent.
3. The method according to Claim 1, operated at a Fabric Crepe of at least about 40 percent.
4. The method according to Claim 1, operated at a Fabric Crepe of at least about 60 percent.
5. The method according to Claim 1, operated at a Fabric Crepe of at least about 80 percent.
6. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has a CD stretch of from about 5 percent to about 20 percent.
7. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has a CD stretch of from about 5 percent to about 10 percent.
8. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has a CD stretch of from about 6 percent to about 8 percent.
9. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has an MD stretch of at least about 15 percent.
10. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has an MD stretch of at least about 30 percent.
11. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has an MD stretch of at least about 55 percent.
12. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has an MD stretch of at least about 75 percent.
13. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web has an MD/CD tensile ratio of less than about 1.1.
14. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web exhibits an MD/CD
tensile ratio of from about 0.5 to about 0.9.
15. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web exhibits an MD/CD
tensile ratio of from about 0.6 to about 0.8.
16. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web is belt-creped at a consistency of from about 35 percent to about 55 percent.
17. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the web is belt-creped at a consistency of from about 40 percent to about 50 percent.
18. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping nip pressure is from about 40 PLI to about 80 PLI.
19. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping nip pressure is from about 50 PLI to about 70 PLI.
20. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping belt is supported in the creping nip with a backing roll having a surface hardness of from about 20 to about 120 on the Pusey and Jones hardness scale.
21. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping belt is supported in the creping nip with a backing roll having a surface hardness of from about 25 to about 90 on the Pusey and Jones hardness scale.
22. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping nip extends over a distance of at least about 1/16".
23. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping nip extends over a distance of at least about 1/8".
24. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the creping nip extends over a distance of from about 1/2" to about 2".
25. A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt, c) drying the web;
wherein the web has an absorbency of at least 5 g/g.
26. The method according to Claim 25, wherein the web has an absorbency of at least about 6 g/g.
27. The method according to Claim 25, wherein the web has an absorbency of at least about 7 g/g.
28. The method according to Claim 25, wherein the web has an absorbency of at least about 8 g/g.
29. A method of making a fabric-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web;
b) applying the dewatered web to the surface of a rotating transfer cylinder rotating at a first speed such that the surface velocity of the cylinder is at least about 1000 fpm;
c) fabric-creping the web from the transfer cylinder at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent in a high impact fabric creping nip defined between the transfer cylinder and a creping fabric traveling at a second speed slower than said transfer cylinder, wherein the web is creped from the cylinder and rearranged on the creping fabric; and d) drying the web, wherein the web has an absorbency of at least-about 5 g/g and a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent.
30. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the surface velocity of the transfer cylinder is at least about 2000 fpm.
31. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the surface velocity of the transfer cylinder is at least about 4000 fpm.
32. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the surface velocity of the transfer cylinder is at least about 6000 fpm.
33. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the web has an absorbency of from about 5 g/g to about 12 g/g.
34. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the absorbency of the web (g/g) is at least about 0.7 times the specific volume of the web (cc/g).
35. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the absorbency of the web (g/g) is from about 0.75 to about 0.9 times the specific volume of the web cc/g).
36. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the aqueous furnish includes a wet strength resin.
37. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the wet strength resin comprises a polyamide-epicholorohydrin resin.
38. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the web is dewatered to a consistency of at least 10 percent prior to applying it to the transfer cylinder.
39. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the web is dewatered to a consistency of at least about 20 percent prior to applying it to the transfer cylinder.
40. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the web is dewatered by wet pressing it with a papermaking felt while applying the web to the transfer cylinder.
41. The method according to Claim 40, wherein the step of wet-pressing the web with a papermaking felt while applying it to the transfer roll is carried out in a shoe press.
42. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the transfer roll is a shoe press roll and the nascent web is further dewatered by wet-pressing the web while applying it to the transfer roll.
43. The method according to Claim 29, further comprising the steps of forming a nascent web on a forming fabric, transferring the nascent web to a papermaking felt and dewatering the web by wet pressing it between the papermaking felt and the transfer cylinder.
44. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the fabric creping nip extends over a distance corresponding to at least twice the distance between wefts of the creping fabric.
45. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the fabric creping nip extends over a distance corresponding to at least 4 times the distance between wefts of the creping fabric.
46. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the fabric creping nip extends over a distance corresponding to at least 10 times the distance between wefts of the creping fabric.
47. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the fabric creping nip extends over a distance corresponding to at least 20 times the distance between wefts of the creping fabric.
48. The method according to Claim 29, wherein the fabric creping nip extends over a distance corresponding to at least 40 times the distance between wefts of the creping fabric.
49. A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having a generally random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having a generally random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the surface and redistributed on the creping belt to form a web with a reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different fiber orientation including at least (i) a plurality of fiber enriched regions of having an orientation bias in a direction transverse to the machine-direction, interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of colligating regions whose fiber orientation bias is offset from the fiber orientation of the fiber enriched regions; and d) drying the web.
50. The method according to Claim 49, wherein the plurality of fiber enriched regions and colligating regions recur in a regular pattern of interconnected fibrous regions throughout the web where the orientation bias of the fibers of the fiber enriched regions and colligating regions are transverse to one another.
51. The method according to Claim 49, wherein the fibers of the fiber enriched regions are substantially oriented in the CD.
52. The method according to Claim 49, wherein the plurality of fiber enriched regions have a higher local basis weight than the colligating regions.
53. The method according to Claim 49, wherein at least a portion of the colligating regions consist of fibers that are substantially oriented in the MD.
54. The method according to Claim 49, wherein there is a repeating pattern including a plurality of fiber enriched regions, a first plurality of colligating regions whose fiber orientation is biased toward the machine-direction, and a second plurality of colligating regions whose fiber orientation is biased toward the machine-direction but offset from the fiber orientation bias of the first plurality of colligating regions.
55. The method according to Claim 54, wherein the fibers of at least one of the plurality of colligating regions are substantially oriented in the MD.
56. The method according to Claim 49, wherein the fiber enriched regions exhibit a plurality of U-shaped folds transverse to the machine-direction.
57. The method according to Claim 49, wherein the creping belt is a creping fabric provided with CD knuckles defining creping surfaces transverse to the machine-direction.
58. The method according to Claim 57, wherein the distribution of the fiber enriched regions corresponds to the arrangement of CD knuckles on the creping fabric.
59. A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface wherein the creping belt is urged into contact with the transfer surface over a nip length by way of a deformable creping roll wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt; and d) drying the web.
60. The method according to Claim 59, wherein the creping roll is provided with a deformable cover having a thickness of at least 25% of the nip length.
61. The method according to Claim 59, wherein the creping roll is provided with a deformable cover having a thickness of at least 50% of the nip length.
62. A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt to form a web with a reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights including at least (i) a plurality of fiber enriched pileated regions of high local basis weight, interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased toward the direction between pileated regions;

d) transferring the web from the creping belt to a drying cylinder at the consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent, wherein the web is adhered to the drying cylinder with a hygroscopic, re-wettable adhesive adapted to secure the web to the drying cylinder;
e) drying the web on the drying cylinder; and f) creping the web from the drying cylinder.
63. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the web is creped from the transfer cylinder at a consistency of from about 35 percent to about 55 percent,
64. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the web is creped from the transfer cylinder at a consistency of from about 40 percent to about 50 percent.
65. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the adhesive is a substantially non-crosslinking adhesive.
66. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the creping adhesive comprises poly(vinyl alcohol).
67. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the creping adhesive comprises from about 10 to about 90 percent poly(vinyl alcohol) based on the resin content of the adhesive.
68. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the creping adhesive comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) and at least a second resin and wherein the weight ratio of poly(vinyl alcohol) to the combined weight of poly(vinyl alcohol) and the second resin is at least about 3:4.
69. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the creping adhesive comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) and at least a second resin and wherein the weight ratio of poly(vinyl alcohol) to the combined weight of poly(vinyl alcohol and the second resin is at least about 5:6.
70. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the creping adhesive comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) and at least a second resin and wherein the weight ratio of poly(vinyl alcohol) to the combined weight of poly(vinyl alcohol) and the second resin is at least about 5:6 and at most about 7:8.
71. The method according to Claim 62, wherein said creping adhesive consists essentially of poly(vinyl alcohol) and an amide polymer, optionally including one or more modifiers.
72. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the adhesive contains a modifier comprising a quaternary ammonium complex with at least one non-cyclic amide.
73. The method according to Claim 62, operated at a production line speed of at least about 1000 fpm.
74. The method according to Claim 62, operated at a production speed of at least 2000 fpm.
75. The method according to Claim 62, operated at a production speed of at least 3000 fpm.
76. The method according to Claim 62, operated at a production speed of at least 5000 fpm.
77. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the step of drying the web on the drying cylinder includes drying the web with high velocity heated air impinging on the web in a drying hood about the drying cylinder.
78. The method according to Claim 77, wherein the impinging air has a jet velocity of from about 15,000 fpm to about 30,000 fpm.
79. The method according to Claim 78, wherein a Yankee dryer dries the web at a rate of from about 20 (lbs. water/ft2-hr) to about 50 lbs. water/ft2-hr.
80. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the web is dewatered to a consistency of at least 10 percent prior to applying it to the transfer surface.
81. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the web is dewatered to a consistency of at least about 30 percent prior to applying it to the transfer surface.
82. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the web is dewatered by wet pressing it with a papermaking felt while applying the web to the transfer cylinder.
83. The method according to Claim 82, wherein the step of wet-pressing the web with a papermaking felt while applying it to the transfer surface is carried out in a shoe-press.
84. The method according to Claim 62, wherein the transfer roll is a shoe press roll and the partially dewatered web is dewatered by wet-pressing the web while applying it to the transfer roll.
85. The method according to Claim 62, operated at an Aggregate Crepe of at least about 20 percent.
86. The method according to Claim 62, operated at an Aggregate Crepe of at least about 40 percent.
87. The method according to Claim 62, operated at an Aggregate Crepe of at least about 50 percent.
88. The method according to Claim 62, operated at an Aggregate Crepe of at least about 60 percent.
89. The method according to Claim 62, operated at an Aggregate Crepe of at least about 80 percent.
90. A web of cellulosic fibers comprising: (i) a plurality of pileated fiber enriched regions of relatively high local basis weight interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased along the direction between pileated regions interconnected thereby.
91. The web of cellulosic fibers according to Claim 90, further including a plurality of integument regions of fiber spanning the pileated regions of the web and the linking regions of the web such that the web has substantially continuous surfaces.
92. The web of cellulosic fibers according to Claim 90, exhibiting an absorbency of at least about 5 g/g, a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent, and an MD/CD
tensile ratio of less than about 1.1, wherein the sheet exhibits a maximum CD
modulus at a CD strain of less than 1 percent and sustains a CD modulus of at least 50 percent of its maximum CD modulus to a CD strain of at least about 4 percent.
93. The web of cellulosic fibers according to Claim 90, wherein the absorbent web sustains a CD modulus of at least 75 percent of its peak CD modulus to a CD
strain of 2 percent.
94. The web of cellulosic fibers according to Claim 90, wherein the web has an absorbency of from about 5 g/g to about 12 g/g.
95. The web of cellulosic fibers according to Claim 90, wherein the web defines an open mesh structure.
96. The web according to Claim 95, impregnated with a polymeric resin.
97. The web according to Claim 96, wherein the resin is a cured polymeric resin.
98. An absorbent sheet prepared from a papermaking furnish exhibiting an absorbency of at least about 5 g/g, a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent, and an MD/CD tensile ratio of less than about 1.1, wherein the sheet exhibits a maximum CD modulus at a CD strain of less than 1 percent and sustains a CD
modulus of at least 50 percent of its maximum CD modulus to a CD strain of at least about 4 percent.
99. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the absorbent sheet sustains a CD modulus of at least 75 percent of its peak CD modulus to a CD
strain of 2 percent.
100. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has an absorbency of from about 5 g/g to about 12 g/g.
101. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the absorbency of the sheet (g/g) is at least about 0.7 times the specific volume of the web (cc/g).
102. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the absorbency of the sheet (g/g) is from about 0.75 to about 0.9 times the specific volume of the web cc/g).
103. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has a CD
stretch of from about 5 percent to about 20 percent.
104. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has a CD
stretch of from about 5 percent to about 10 percent.
105. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has a CD
stretch of from about 6 percent to about 8 percent.
106. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 40 percent.
107. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 50 percent.
108. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 70 percent.
109. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet exhibits an MD/CD dry tensile ratio of from-about 0.5 to-about 0.9.
110. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 98, wherein the sheet exhibits an MD/CD dry tensile ratio of from about 0.6 to about 0.8.
111. An absorbent sheet prepared from a papermaking furnish exhibiting an absorbency of at least about 5 g/g, a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent, an MD stretch of at least about 15 percent and an MD/CD tensile ratio of less than about 1.1.
112. An absorbent sheet prepared from a papermaking furnish exhibiting an absorbency of at least about 5 g/g, a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent and an MD break modulus higher than its initial MD modulus.
113. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet exhibits an MD break modulus of at least about 1.5 times its initial MD modulus.
114. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet exhibits an MD break modulus of at least about twice its initial MD modulus.
115. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet has an absorbency of from about 5 g/g to about 12 g/g.
116. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the absorbency of the sheet (g/g) is at least about 0.7 times the specific volume of the web (cc/g).
117. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the absorbency of the sheet (g/g) is from about 0.75 to about 0.9 times the specific volume of the web cc/g).
118. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet has a CD
stretch of from about 5 percent to about 20 percent.
119. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet has a CD
stretch of from about 5 percent to about 10 percent.
120. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet has a CD
stretch of from about 6 percent to about 8 percent.
121. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet exhibits an MD/CD dry tensile ratio of from about 0.5 to about 0.9.
122. The absorbent sheet according to Claim 112, wherein the sheet exhibits an MD/CD dry tensile ratio of from about 0.6 to about 0.8.
123. A method of making single-ply tissue comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip pressure, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt to form a web with a reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights including at least (i) a plurality of fiber enriched pileated regions of high local basis weight, interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased toward the direction between pileated regions and (iii) wherein the Fabric Crepe is greater than about 25%;

d) drying the web to form a basesheet having an MD stretch greater than about 25 % and a characteristic basis weight; and e) converting the basesheet into a single-ply tissue product wherein the single-ply tissue product has a basis weight lower than the basesheet prior to conversion and an MD stretch lower than the MD stretch of the basesheet prior to conversion.
124. The method according to Claim 123, wherein the basesheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 30%.
125. The method according to Claim 123, wherein the basesheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 40%
226. The method according to Claim 125, wherein the single-ply tissue product has an MD stretch of less than 30%.
127. The method according to Claim 125, wherein the single-ply tissue product has an MD stretch of less than 20%.
128. The method according to Claim 123, wherein the product is calendered.
129. The method according to Claim 123, wherein the product has a 12-ply caliper (microns) to basis weight (gms/m2) ratio of greater than about 95.

130. The method according to Claim 123, wherein the product has a 12-ply caliper (microns) to basis weight (gms/m2) ratio of greater than about 95 and up to about 120.
131. The method according to Claim 123, wherein the product has a 12-ply caliper (microns) to basis weight (gms/m2) ratio of greater than about 120.
132. A method of making multi-ply tissue comprising:
a) compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber;
b) applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;
c) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt to form a web with a reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights including at least (i) a plurality of fiber enriched pileated regions of high local basis weight, interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased toward the direction between pileated regions and (iii) wherein the Fabric Crepe is greater than about 25%;
d) drying the web to form a basesheet having an MD stretch greater than about 25 % and a characteristic basis weight; and e) converting the basesheet into a multi-ply tissue product with n plies made from the basesheet, n being 2 or 3, wherein the multiply product has an MD stretch lower than the MD stretch of the basesheet.
133. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the multi-ply tissue product has a basis weight which is less than n times the basis weight of the basesheet.
134. The method according to Claim 132, wherein n=2 such that the tissue product is a two-ply tissue product.
135. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the basesheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 30%.
136. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the basesheet has an MD
stretch of at least about 40%
137. The method according to Claim 136, wherein the multi-ply tissue product has an MD stretch of less than 30%.
138. The method according to Claim 136, wherein the multi-ply tissue product has an MD stretch of less than 20%.

139. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the product is calendered.
140. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the product has a 12-ply caliper (microns) to basis weight (gms/m2) ratio of greater than about 95.
141. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the product has a 12-ply caliper (microns) to basis weight (gms/m2) ratio of greater than about 95 and up to about 120.
142. The method according to Claim 132, wherein the product has a 12-ply caliper (microns) to basis weight (gms/m2) ratio of greater than about 120.
143. A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet comprising:
a) applying a papermaking furnish to a papermaking felt in contact with a forming roll provided with vacuum;
b) at least partially dewatering the papermaking furnish by application of vacuum from the forming roll on the papermaking felt to form a nascent web having a generally random distribution of papermaking fiber;
c) compactively dewatering the nascent web having a generally random distribution of papermaking fiber;
d) applying the dewatered web having a generally random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed;

e) belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the creping step occurring under pressure in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt wherein the belt is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the belt pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt to form a web with a reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights including at least (i) a plurality of fiber enriched pileated regions of high local basis weight, interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased along the direction between pileated regions; and f) drying the web.
144. The method of Claim 143, carried out on a 3-fabric papermachine.
145. The method according to Claim 144, wherein the step of drying the web comprises applying the web to a Yankee dryer.
146. The method according to Claim 145, wherein the step of applying the web to the Yankee dryer comprises utilizing a poly(vinyl alcohol) containing adhesive.
147. The method according to Claim 143, wherein the papermaking felt is inclined upwardly.

148. The method according to Claim 143, further comprising a pressure roll configured to urge the papermaking felt against the forming roll.
149. The method according to claim 148, wherein the pressure roll has a surface hardness of from about 20 to about 120 on the Pusey and Jones hardness scale.
150. The method according to Claim 148, wherein the pressure roll has a surface hardness of from about 25 to about 90 on the Pusey and Jones hardness scale.
CA2501329A 2002-10-07 2003-10-06 Fabric crepe process for making absorbent sheet Expired - Lifetime CA2501329C (en)

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CA2724119A CA2724119C (en) 2002-10-07 2003-10-06 Fabric crepe process for making absorbent sheet
CA2724104A CA2724104C (en) 2002-10-07 2003-10-06 Absorbent sheet having particular absorbency, stretch, tensile ratio and cross machine direction modulus
CA2724121A CA2724121C (en) 2002-10-07 2003-10-06 Fabric crepe process for making absorbent sheet

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CA2724119A Expired - Lifetime CA2724119C (en) 2002-10-07 2003-10-06 Fabric crepe process for making absorbent sheet
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US8584864B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2013-11-19 Coldcrete, Inc. Eliminating screens using a perforated wet belt and system and method for cement cooling

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EP1985754A3 (en) 2014-04-23
HK1079828A1 (en) 2006-04-13
WO2004033793A9 (en) 2005-09-09
ES2593793T3 (en) 2016-12-13
EP1556548A2 (en) 2005-07-27
CN102268834A (en) 2011-12-07
CA2724119A1 (en) 2004-04-22
CA2501329C (en) 2012-06-05
CA2724119C (en) 2013-12-24
CA2724121C (en) 2013-12-10
US7935220B2 (en) 2011-05-03
CN101538813A (en) 2009-09-23
US20080236772A1 (en) 2008-10-02
RU2329345C2 (en) 2008-07-20
CN101538813B (en) 2011-07-27
EP1985754A2 (en) 2008-10-29
PT1985754T (en) 2016-09-26
ATE414819T1 (en) 2008-12-15
WO2004033793A2 (en) 2004-04-22
EP1985754B1 (en) 2016-08-10
US20040238135A1 (en) 2004-12-02
CY1118278T1 (en) 2017-06-28
HK1121790A1 (en) 2009-04-30
WO2004033793A3 (en) 2004-12-16
CA2724104C (en) 2016-04-12
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US7588661B2 (en) 2009-09-15
US7399378B2 (en) 2008-07-15
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US7704349B2 (en) 2010-04-27
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CN100465375C (en) 2009-03-04
EG23827A (en) 2007-09-26

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