CN100512763C - Phase controlled ultrasound two-dimension array three-dimensional imaging method and using thereof - Google Patents
Phase controlled ultrasound two-dimension array three-dimensional imaging method and using thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100512763C CN100512763C CNB2007101184271A CN200710118427A CN100512763C CN 100512763 C CN100512763 C CN 100512763C CN B2007101184271 A CNB2007101184271 A CN B2007101184271A CN 200710118427 A CN200710118427 A CN 200710118427A CN 100512763 C CN100512763 C CN 100512763C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of ultrasonic detection technology, and is especially 3D imaging method based on 2D ultrasonic phase array. In the 3D imaging, the beam synthesizing process includes the steps of dividing, lumpy correlation correction, and adjacent correlation correction. The present invention has the technological problems of 2D array, including array element area, weak echo signal, low S/N ratio, etc. The present invention has the advantages of high antijamming capacity and high estimation precision, and can ensure the high S/N ratio of the ultimate synthesized signal.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the ultrasound detection field, relate in particular to a kind of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method.
Background technology:
The phased array supersonic technology is to realize the key technology of fast ultrasonic imaging, and the phased array supersonic two-dimensional array systems is to realize real-time three-dimensional ultra sonic imaging the best way.But owing to be subjected to the influence of array probe design factor, the distance between the phased array probe array element is generally all smaller.For the one-dimensional array probe, the array element shape is a strip, and the array element area is bigger, as shown in Figure 1a.For two-dimensional array probe, array element is little square or rectangle, and the array element area is very little, shown in Fig. 1 b.For ultrasonic transducer, the intensity of received signal is directly proportional with the area of transducer, for two-dimensional array probe, because the area of each array element is very little, its intensity that receives signal is weaker than the signal (signal to noise ratio that is signal is very poor) that each array element receives in the one-dimensional array probe far away.How utilizing the very poor signal of signal to noise ratio to carry out wave beam and synthesize, finally obtain ultrasonoscopy preferably, is the key technology that realizes the two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging.
The inventor does not find relevant phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging beam synthesizing method research by studying for many years and by the retrieval to existing scientific and technical literature, finding at the problems referred to above.
A little less than the objective of the invention is, echo-signal little at two-dimensional array probe array element area, poor signal to noise, and array inevitably technical problem that causes part array element sensitivity variation or inefficacy and in using in processing.And the characteristics of contiguous correlation-corrected of combination and lump correlation-corrected, propose the method for a kind of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging, and in method, invented a kind of suitable beam synthesizing method.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is based on the gauged method of dependent phase (according to the difference of reference signal, correlation-corrected is divided into contiguous correlation-corrected and lump correlation-corrected, contiguous correlation-corrected is to be reference signal with a road in the multiple signals, and the lump correlation-corrected is that the direct stack sum with multiple signals is a reference signal.) measure phase distortion between each channel signal by coherent detection, realize that wave beam is synthetic after eliminating phase distortion.
In order to solve the technical problem that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method, and the beam synthesizing method in described three-D imaging method comprises the steps:
(1) partiting step: each submatrix in the two-dimensional array is divided; Promptly the signal to noise ratio that receives echo-signal according to each submatrix array element is divided.The criteria for classifying is to make all signals in each submatrix directly superpose the signal to noise ratio of back gained signal greater than 5dB
(2) lump correlation-corrected step:
A, the lump correlation-corrected: in each submatrix, each road signal Sn (n=1,2,3...) do the lump correlation-corrected with reference signal A, try to achieve the phase deviation of each road signal;
B eliminates phase deviation: obtain Sn ' behind the Phase delay that every road signal is done;
C, stack: each the road signal Sn ' stack in each submatrix is obtained signal Sum n ' after the correction of each submatrix, promptly obtained the synthetic wave beam of each submatrix inside.
(3) be close to correlation-corrected:
A, contiguous correlation-corrected: the signal Sum n ' to each submatrix after the lump correlation-corrected does contiguous correlation-corrected, and promptly the signal Sum n ' of each submatrix does contiguous correlation-corrected with reference signal B, tries to achieve the phase deviation between each submatrix;
B eliminates phase deviation: the Phase delay that each submatrix is carried out;
C, stack: will eliminate the signal stack of each submatrix after the phase deviation, thereby obtain the data of a total wave beam.
In concrete lump correlation-corrected step, reference signal A is the direct stack sum Sum n of all signals in the submatrix of place;
In concrete contiguous correlation-corrected step, reference signal B is arbitrary submatrix composite signal Sum n '; And before contiguous correlation-corrected, in the submatrix signal to noise ratio of composite signal greater than the lump correlation-corrected before the signal to noise ratio of composite signal.
In concrete phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method, also comprise following method step:
A, emission focus steps: in the space certain a bit, each array element of calculating in the two-dimensional array realizes that emission focuses on this and puts needed time delay; By the launch time of all array elements of control two-dimensional array, finish emission and focus on;
B, analog digital conversion and delay focus steps: after emission was finished, the conversion of signals that all array elements are received became digital signal; And postpone to focus on according to the position of focus point;
C,, beam synthesizing method step: with the beam synthesizing method of each road signal, carry out submatrix earlier and divide, finish the lump correlation-corrected in the submatrix according to above-mentioned proposition; Carry out the contiguous correlation-corrected between submatrix again; After each road signal done respective phase and postpones according to detected distortion after addition again, thereby obtain a wave beam, promptly finished the scanning of a scanning line;
D, multiple scanning step:, repeat A～C step, until finishing the emission scan that have a few in the space at points different in the prescan space;
E, output step display: take out the maximum in all data, the selection of contour surface threshold value is decided to be than low 1/4 times of maximum.The data that in the 3 d image data are maximum 1/4 are connected into face, promptly finish the demonstration of 3-D view.
In the application of reality, above-mentioned three-D imaging method is applied in medical ultrasonic and the phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging of industry in ultrasonic.
The invention solves that two-dimensional array probe array element area is little, echo-signal is weak, poor signal to noise, and array inevitably technical problem that causes part array element sensitivity variation or inefficacy in processing and in using.Utilize the present invention to realize that the wave beam of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging in detecting is synthetic, overcome in lump correlation-corrected sensitivity variations, the contiguous correlation-corrected responsive and have a shortcoming of error propagation, accumulation signal to noise ratio; Utilized lump correlation-corrected antinoise interference performance strong; Contiguous correlation-corrected is when Signal-to-Noise is higher, and the estimated accuracy advantage of higher guarantees that final composite signal has higher signal to noise ratio.
It is lower to utilize this invention can solve in the three-dimensional imaging of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array the array element signals signal to noise ratio, is difficult to carry out the synthetic difficult problem of wave beam, has great importance.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of one-dimensional array and two-dimensional array and focus thereof;
Fig. 2 is the scanning process sketch map that one-dimensional array obtains two dimensional image.
Fig. 3 realizes the synthetic schematic diagram of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging wave beam in the inventive method,
S1, S2 ..., Sn is the every road signal before the phasing;
Sum1, Sum2 ..., Sumn is the signal of the direct stack gained of each all signal of submatrix;
S1 ', S2 ' ..., to be every road signal carry out every road signal of gained after the lump correlation-corrected with the direct superposed signal Sumn of place submatrix to Sn ';
Sum1 ', Sum2 ' ... Sumn ' is each submatrix in realizing submatrix after the lump correlation-corrected, the signal of each road signal stack gained in submatrix.
3a is the sketch map of two-dimensional array and detected object thereof among Fig. 4, and 3b is that two-dimensional array realizes that 3-D scanning obtains many data wire sketch maps.
Fig. 5 does not adopt the synthetic figure as a result that becomes 3-D view of direct-path of the present invention.
Fig. 6 adopts the figure as a result of 3-D view that beam synthesizing method of the present invention becomes.
Specifying of above-mentioned each width of cloth accompanying drawing will be set forth in conjunction with the specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of one-dimensional array and two-dimensional array and focus thereof.
The one-dimensional array probe, the array element shape is a strip, the array element area is bigger, as shown in Figure 1a.
Two-dimensional array probe, array element are little square or rectangle, and the array element area is very little, shown in Fig. 1 b.
Fig. 2 one-dimensional array obtains the scanning process sketch map of two dimensional image.
By controlling the time that transmits and receives of each array element, pointwise ground realizes that emission focuses on and collectiong focusing, obtains a scanning line on the bar line of space; Obtain the multi-strip scanning line after repeatedly repeating, thereby finish the sector scanning of two dimensional image.
Fig. 3 is that the inventive method realizes the synthetic schematic diagram of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging wave beam,
Among the figure:
S1, S2 ..., Sn is the every road signal before the phasing;
Sum1, Sum2 ..., Sumn is the signal of the direct stack gained of each all signal of submatrix;
S1 ', S2 ' ..., to be every road signal carry out every road signal of gained after the lump correlation-corrected with the direct superposed signal Sumn of place submatrix to Sn ';
Sum1 ', Sum2 ' ... Sumn ' is each submatrix in realizing submatrix after the lump correlation-corrected, the signal of each road signal stack gained in submatrix.
Beam synthesizing method among the figure in the represented three-D imaging method comprises the steps:
A kind of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method, and the beam synthesizing method in described three-D imaging method comprises the steps:
(1) partiting step: each submatrix in the two-dimensional array is divided; Promptly the signal to noise ratio that receives echo-signal according to each submatrix array element is divided.The criteria for classifying is to make all signals in each submatrix directly superpose the signal to noise ratio of back gained signal greater than 5dB
(2) lump correlation-corrected step:
A, the lump correlation-corrected: in each submatrix, each road signal Sn (n=1,2,3...) do the lump correlation-corrected with its reference signal A, try to achieve the phase deviation of each road signal;
B eliminates phase deviation: obtain Sn ' behind the Phase delay that every road signal is done;
C, stack: each the road signal Sn ' stack in each submatrix is obtained signal Sum n ' after the correction of each submatrix, promptly obtained the synthetic wave beam of each submatrix inside.
(3) be close to correlation-corrected:
A, contiguous correlation-corrected: the signal Sum n ' to each submatrix after the lump correlation-corrected does contiguous correlation-corrected, and promptly the signal Sum n ' of each submatrix does contiguous correlation-corrected with reference signal B, tries to achieve the phase deviation between each submatrix;
B eliminates phase deviation: the Phase delay that each submatrix is carried out;
C, stack: will eliminate the signal stack of each submatrix after the phase deviation, thereby obtain the data of a total wave beam.
In concrete lump correlation-corrected step, reference signal A is the direct stack sum Sum n of all signals in the submatrix of place;
In concrete contiguous correlation-corrected step, reference signal B is arbitrary submatrix composite signal Sum n '; And before contiguous correlation-corrected, in the submatrix signal to noise ratio of composite signal greater than the lump correlation-corrected before the signal to noise ratio of composite signal.
Fig. 4 a is the sketch map of two-dimensional array and detected object thereof,
Fig. 4 b is that two-dimensional array realizes that 3-D scanning obtains many data wire sketch maps.
Fig. 4 realizes the sketch map of 3-D scanning imaging for the phased array supersonic two-dimensional array.Fig. 4 a is the position view of two-dimensional array probe and object to be checked, two-dimensional array probe places on the object to be detected, pre-processed artificial defect (a regular through hole) is arranged in the object to be detected, by the sequential scanning on triangle projective planum of control array element realization, shown in broken line triangle among Fig. 3 a (scanning in this triangle projective planum realizes that as one-dimensional array shown in Figure 2 two-dimensional imaging obtains many data wires).According to the direction of dotted arrow among the figure, finish the scanning of a plurality of triangle projective planums, thereby finish the spatial scanning of pyramid.To be two-dimensional array obtain the sketch map of 3 d image data (some data wires) by electron scanning to Fig. 4 b in certain space, and each stain is represented a wave beam.In 3-D view showed, because the contour surface method can show the trend and the form of 3-D view, so finish certain after spatial scanning obtains 3 d image data, the method by showing contour surface showed the 3-D view of object to be detected.
Promptly in concrete phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method, also comprise following method step:
A, emission focus steps: in the space certain a bit, each array element of calculating in the two-dimensional array realizes that emission focuses on this and puts needed time delay; By the launch time of all array elements of control two-dimensional array, finish emission and focus on;
B, analog digital conversion and delay focus steps: after emission was finished, the conversion of signals that all array elements are received became digital signal; And postpone to focus on according to the position of focus point;
C,, beam synthesizing method step: with the beam synthesizing method of each road signal, carry out submatrix earlier and divide, finish the lump correlation-corrected in the submatrix according to above-mentioned proposition; Carry out the contiguous correlation-corrected between submatrix again; After each road signal done respective phase and postpones according to detected distortion after addition again, thereby obtain a wave beam, promptly finished the scanning of a scanning line;
D, multiple scanning step:, repeat A～C step, until finishing the emission scan that have a few in the space at points different in the prescan space;
E, output step display: take out the maximum in all data, it is maximum 1/4 that the selection of contour surface threshold value is decided to be.The data that in the 3 d image data are maximum 1/4 are connected into face, promptly finish the demonstration of 3-D view.
Select can be different for threshold value for the mother metal of unlike material and detected object, so must determine according to practical situation.It is standard that the selection of threshold value can objectively respond object internal structure to be checked with imaging results.In the three-dimensional imaging implementation procedure, be example so that pore to be arranged in the 45# steel, when threshold value N get-during 12dB, three-dimensional imaging has good effect.
Phased array supersonic two-dimensional array 3-D imaging system is to realize real-time, high resolution three-dimensional imaging the best way, be the focus of medical ultrasonic and industrial ultrasonic investigation, it mainly carries out swift electron scanning to certain space, probe below and obtains 3 d image data.Because the array element area is little in the two-dimensional array probe, echo-signal is weak, poor signal to noise, adopts direct-path to synthesize and often is difficult to obtain the better image quality.The beam synthesizing method that utilization the present invention proposes can improve the synthetic quality of wave beam significantly, thereby improve the quality of final three-dimensional ultrasound pattern.
Aforesaid way is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis that the invention discloses using method and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described method of the above-mentioned specific embodiment of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is preferably, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Fig. 5 does not adopt the synthetic figure as a result that becomes 3-D view of direct-path of the present invention.
Fig. 6 adopts the figure as a result of 3-D view that beam synthesizing method of the present invention becomes.
After adopting beam synthesizing method of the present invention, become three-dimensional imaging more can reflect practical situation, spatial resolution is higher, image is more clear.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are when threshold value N=24dB, do not adopt the 3-D view that direct-path of the present invention is synthetic and adopt the present invention to obtain.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method, it is characterized in that: the beam synthesizing method in described three-D imaging method comprises the steps:
(1) partiting step: two-dimensional array is divided into a plurality of submatrixs, and the signal to noise ratio that receives echo-signal according to each array element in the two-dimensional array is carried out the submatrix division;
(2) lump correlation-corrected step:
A, the lump correlation-corrected: in each submatrix, each road signal Sn (n=1,2,3...) do the lump correlation-corrected with reference signal A, try to achieve the phase deviation of each road signal; Described reference signal A is the direct stack sum of all signals in the submatrix of place;
B eliminates phase deviation: obtain Sn ' after each road signal is done Phase delay;
C, stack: each the road signal Sn ' stack in each submatrix is obtained submatrix signal and Sum n ' after the correction of each submatrix, promptly obtained the synthetic wave beam of each submatrix inside;
(3) be close to correlation-corrected:
A, contiguous correlation-corrected: each submatrix signal and Sum n ' after the lump correlation-corrected are done contiguous correlation-corrected, and promptly each submatrix signal and Sum n ' do contiguous correlation-corrected with reference signal B, try to achieve the phase deviation between each submatrix; Described reference signal B is arbitrary submatrix composite signal; And before contiguous correlation-corrected, in the submatrix signal to noise ratio of composite signal greater than the lump correlation-corrected before the signal to noise ratio of composite signal;
B eliminates phase deviation: each submatrix is carried out Phase delay;
C, stack: will eliminate the signal stack of each submatrix after the phase deviation, thereby obtain the data of a total wave beam.
2, phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In the partiting step of above-mentioned (1), two-dimensional array is divided into a plurality of submatrixs, the signal to noise ratio that receives echo-signal according to each array element in the two-dimensional array is carried out the submatrix division; The criteria for classifying is to make all signals in each submatrix directly superpose the signal to noise ratio of back gained signal greater than 5dB.
3, phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In formation method, the display packing of 3-D view adopts the contour surface display packing, and the threshold value of contour surface is-12db.
4, phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described formation method also comprises:
A, emission focus steps: in the space certain a bit, each array element of calculating in the two-dimensional array realizes that emission focuses on this and puts needed time delay; By the launch time of all array elements of control two-dimensional array, finish emission and focus on;
B, analog digital conversion and delay focus steps: after emission was finished, the conversion of signals that all array elements are received became digital signal; And postpone to focus on according to the position of focus point;
C, beam synthesizing method step: with the beam synthesizing method of each road signal, carry out submatrix earlier and divide, finish the lump correlation-corrected in the submatrix according to above-mentioned proposition; Carry out the contiguous correlation-corrected between submatrix again; After each road signal done respective phase and postpones according to detected distortion after addition again, thereby obtain a wave beam, promptly finished the scanning of a scanning line;
D, multiple scanning step:, repeat A～C step, until finishing the emission scan that have a few in the space at points different in the prescan space;
E, output step display: take out the maximum in all data, the contour surface threshold value is peaked 1/4 times; The data that in the 3 d image data are maximum 1/4 are connected into face, promptly finish the demonstration of 3-D view.
5, according to the application of each described a kind of phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-D imaging method of right 1-4, it is characterized in that: three-D imaging method is applied in medical ultrasonic and the phased array supersonic two-dimensional array three-dimensional imaging of industry in ultrasonic.
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| CN102565193B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2014-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Remote pipeline imaging method and system based on guided wave gathered scanning |
| TW201325556A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Ultrasound transducer and ultrasound image system and image method |
| CN104777485B (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-26 | 西安交通大学 | The three-dimensional broad beam zonule Quick air formation method of ultrasonic two-dimensional array |
| EP3347736B1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2021-06-23 | Dalhousie University | Systems and methods of combined phased-array and fresnel zone plate beamforming employing delay-corrected fresnel sub-apertures |
| CN105286915A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州斯科特医学影像科技有限公司 | Head temporal bone imaging method in combination with phased array probe |
| CN106568844B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-09-17 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of distributed ultrasound array captures detection method entirely |
| CN109828028B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-11-30 | 烟台中凯检测科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic defect detection qualitative system and qualitative method |
| CN110333293B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2021-08-24 | 河海大学常州校区 | Method for exciting and detecting concrete defects by square grid phased ultrasonic array |
| CN114755311B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-16 | 之江实验室 | Method and measuring device for detecting consistency of array elements of ultrasonic probe |
| CN117503203B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-03-22 | 之江实验室 | Phase aberration correction method and system for ultrasonic ring array imaging |
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