CN100550015C - Improved user interface - Google Patents
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- CN100550015C CN100550015C CNB2005800246119A CN200580024611A CN100550015C CN 100550015 C CN100550015 C CN 100550015C CN B2005800246119 A CNB2005800246119 A CN B2005800246119A CN 200580024611 A CN200580024611 A CN 200580024611A CN 100550015 C CN100550015 C CN 100550015C
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/955—Retrieval from the web using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL]
Abstract
A kind of improved user interface that is used for network (for example, the Internet) is disclosed.If the user has clicked incorrect hyperlink, then system no longer only wrong (for example, " 404 do not find " mistake represents that the webpage of being asked is unavailable) occur to user notification, but the list of hyperlinks (503) of alternative web pages is provided to the user.The context dependent of the webpage of alternative web pages and user's initial request (but because incorrect hyperlink is unavailable to the user).In preferred embodiment (300), system comes analyzing web page (201) (that is, comprising the webpage of incorrect hyperlink) at contextual information, and the use contextual information improves and (503) user's that tabulates correlativity.System can also analyze other webpage at contextual information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improved user interface that is used for telecommunication apparatus, described telecommunication apparatus can from other telecommunication apparatus, receive and with data transmission to other telecommunication apparatus.More specifically but not exclusively, the present invention relates to a kind of improved user interface that is used for the internet network browser.
Background technology
Sometimes, when the user used web browser to check webpage, the user will key in web browser to web page address (being also referred to as URL(uniform resource locator) or " URL ").Alternatively, the user can use named web page address " bookmark ".Web page address specify the particular machine be connected with the Internet and specify in particular network resource on this machine (as, specific network server name or particular webpage).Then, web browser will transfer to the webserver for the request of desired webpage, and as a result of, the webserver returns information the web browser that has defined the webpage outward appearance.Sometimes, the network address has been specified the IP address of the webserver effectively, but does not specify the webpage on the specific network server effectively.For example, the user can (i) imports the IP address of the desired page improperly, perhaps (ii) can import preexist but the resource address (path) of the webpage that no longer exists.In this case, the webserver will return error code user's web browser.Although also have multiple other code such as " 410 can not use (410 Gone) again ", typical error code is HTTP(Hypertext Transport Protocol) " 404 do not find ".Thereby under the situation that any other reason or useful information are not provided, the user who receives this message only learns that specified webpage does not exist.
In some cases, when on the user request service device during the disabled page, the webserver can be indicated the homepage of website to the user, but typically indicates the user of special interests for the action of particular webpage in its appointed website, and this common purposes or meaning are limited.
Summary of the invention
At this background, and, provide a kind of system according to first scheme of the present invention.
According to alternative plan of the present invention, provide a kind of error code receiver.
According to third party's case of the present invention, provide a kind of contextual analysis device.
According to cubic case of the present invention, provide a kind of method that is used for providing user interface to the user.
The invention has the advantages that, be not only to present the error code that indication can not retrieve the webpage of being asked to the user, also presents with the user to the user and just attempting the relevant one or more optional links of webpage checked.Then, the user can click one or more links.Therefore, when the present invention can not exist at the webpage of initial request, provide the constructive suggestion of alternative web pages.
Description of drawings
Referring now to following diagram, only embodiments of the invention are described by example, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the computer system of first example arrangement according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows according to the first embodiment of the invention configuring computer system;
Fig. 3 shows according to the second embodiment of the invention configuring computer system;
Fig. 4 shows according to the third embodiment of the invention configuring computer system;
Fig. 5 shows after the non-existent URL of input, the webpage that the user of Fig. 1 system sees;
Fig. 6 shows after the data input of having handled this system, the webpage that the user of Fig. 2 system sees;
Fig. 7 shows according to the fifth embodiment of the invention configuring computer system;
Fig. 8 shows the part according to the sixth embodiment of the invention configuring computer system.
Embodiment
First example
Fig. 1 shows that first example system, 100, the first examples are not embodiments of the invention according to the present invention, but has provided the background information relevant with the embodiment of the invention.
User PC 101 has web browser software 110.For example, web browser software 110 can be Microsoft
(RTM)Internet Explorer
(RTM), Netscape Navigator
(RTM), or Mozilla
(RTM)In use, the user imports the URL of webpage usually by keystroke on keyboard 103.This makes browser software send request to the specified webserver of the URL of input.When this URL existed, this webserver returned instruction to the browser software 110 at user PC 101 places, and 110 pairs of information that received of this browser software are carried out decipher, showed the webpage of being asked then on screen 104.As known to those skilled in the art, typically, use HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) to come sending by the webserver and encode, and use HTTP(Hypertext Transport Protocol) to transmit this information by the information of browser software 110 deciphers.Can find the detailed content (note, following document is incorporated herein by reference in the lump) of http protocol and related protocol at the place, the following network address on the Internet:
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1945.txt
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)-HTTP/1.0
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)-HTTP/1.1
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1866.txt
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)-HTTP/2.0
http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html32
HTML 3.2 is with reference to standard
http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/
HTML 4.01 standards
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/
XHTML
TM1.0 extensible HyperText Markup Language (second edition)
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/
XHTML
TM?Basic
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/
XHTML
TM1.1-XHTML based on module
In the following description, Referral URL, the network address.Certainly will be understood that, although almost always URL is imported or (for example quotes as alpha-numeric string, quote above address " http://www.ietf.org/ "), but in fact, the Internet is operated based on Internet Protocol (IP) address, Internet Protocol (IP) address can be expressed as a string ten two-digits that separate by fullstop (English) 32-bit number (as, 101.114.186.000).Therefore, when user's requested webpage, normally visit long-range name server (DNS) for the preparation process of browser software 110, it is the IP address that this DNS will resolve (interpret) by the text network address (fully qualified domain name or FQDN) of user's input.Then, by DNS browser is returned in this IP address, this browser will be sent to the IP address of being resolved to the request of specific webpage then.Can have one or more Internet resources at the place, IP address that is resolved, for example, two webservers of uncorrelated website are addressable at identical place, IP address.The webserver uses the FQDN (rather than IP address of analytical form) of textual form to select the website; The remainder of URL (path part or resource indicator) is selected the specific webpage on this website.
Make webpage disabled for web browser, can be in domain name and/or in the particular webpage of domain name place appointment by the mistake in the webpage (or URL) of web browser request.
Still with reference to Fig. 1, suppose that the user wants to check the webpage on the remote web server 120.The user uses keyboard 103, with the URL key entry web browser software 110 of this webpage.The supposition example of this IP address is:
http://www.chemical_elements.com/hydrogen/atomic_weight.html
Wherein, " www.chemical_elements.com " specified the FQDN address of the webserver 120, and " hydrogen/atomic_weight.html " specified the webpage of seeking on the webserver 120.
As the first step, web browser software 110 sends HTTP to web browser 120 (beginning obtained URL to the parsing of IP address) as defined above and asks 130.The request that the webserver 120 receives the information of being sought (page), still (in this supposition example) finds that the page of being asked is unavailable.Therefore, the webserver 120 returns the HTTP state code to the web browser software 110 at user PC 101 places, and indication can not be found the webpage of being asked.The example of HTTP state code is " 404 do not find ".This state code indication can not be found the webpage of being asked; Existence can be by the optional HTTP state code of the webserver 120 uses, and being used to indicate the webpage of being asked is temporary transient unavailable or forever unavailable on the webserver 120.
According to embodiments of the invention, except showing this 404 mistakes, as will be described in the following, as an alternative, adopt card module (Plug-in) 111 to strengthen the function of browser when handling this mistake.Card module such as card module 111 is a plurality of softwares that are used for extended network browser software 110.Browser assists object (BHO) can be used as Microsoft
(RTM)Internet Explorer
(RTM)Card module.
Under the situation that does not have card module 111, web browser software 110 can show indication and the HTTP state code (for example, " 404 do not find ") that is used to represent to find the page of being asked on server simply.When the HTTP state code that is fit to that receives such as " 404 do not find ", the behavior of 111 pairs of web browser software 110 of card module is made amendment.Particularly, card module 111 detects the HTTP state code, and prevents that web browser software 110 from showing that normal " 404 do not find " mistake shows.
As an alternative, card module 111 makes web browser software 110 send HTTP request 132 to assisted network server 140, and typically, this assisted network server 140 is away from the webserver 120 of holding the URL that can not locate and user PC 101.HTTP request 132 is included in the URL of disabled webpage on the webserver 120.
Assisted network server 140 is operated in conjunction with card module 111, shows so that optional, improved information to be provided to the user, as shown below.
Assisted network server 140 comprises analysis software 141, is used for the address that analysis package is contained in HTTP request 132, so that determine the context of the disabled page on the webserver 120.Here, the network address of 141 pairs of webservers 120 of analysis software is analyzed, and also the address of the webpage that can not find is analyzed, and determine that the context of the webpage that can't find comprises following keyword: " chemistry ", " element ", " hydrogen ", " atom " and " weight " on the webserver 120.Equally, be used for determining that the software and the algorithm of information context are well known in the art.For example, some algorithm known are estimated to the number of links of webpage and the source of these links, to determine the context of information; Some other algorithm adopts the technology based on root reduction (word stemming).Here, the details of the algorithm that is used by the analysis software that adopted does not constitute a part of the present invention, will no longer further discuss.
Assisted network server 140 also comprises index data library software 142, be used to discern other webserver (promptly, the webserver that is different from the webserver 120 and assist server 140) webpage on, described webpage can with the context dependent of the webpage that can't find.Index data library software 142 comprises the database of listing at the potential related web site of each term in the database.
For example, for word " chemistry ", index data library software 142 can have a plurality of clauses and subclauses relevant with chemical field.For word " element ", index data library software 142 can have with relevant some clauses and subclauses of chemistry and with the more incoherent clauses and subclauses of chemistry.Incoherent with chemical field, will be the webpage of " modern dance element " by name for the example of the clauses and subclauses in the index data library software 142 of word " element ", in this example, this webpage is relevant with dancing and uncorrelated with chemistry.Index data library software 142 uses the keyword that is extracted by analysis software 141, produces potential related web page tabulation.The tabulation that is produced can be sorted and/or classification by the expection correlativity of webpage to keyword.For example, webpage with keyword " atom ", " weight " and " hydrogen " can be divided into than the higher grade of webpage with keyword " chemistry ", " element ", " hydrogen " and " weight ", even latter's webpage has three in the keyword four rather than the keyword.Here the details of the hierarchical algorithms that is adopted does not form a part of the present invention, will be not described further.Equally, the details of hierarchical algorithms known in the art and the hierarchical algorithms that adopts does not here form a part of the present invention, will no longer further discuss.
Then, the grading list of the potential related web site that will be produced by index data library software 142 transfers to Web page create software 143.Web page create software 143 also constitutes the part of assisted network server 140.Web page create software 143 dynamically generates the webpage that sends to user PC 101 as http response 133.Then, web browser software 110 decipher http responses 133, and with web displaying on the display 104 of user PC 101.
" dynamically " means that Web page create software 143 do not retrieve predefined webpage, but Web page create software 143 is based on determining and the determined contexts of link of classification generate webpage by analysis software 141 with by index data library software 142.Therefore, the webpage that generates by Web page create software 143 usually for be specific to context.Each user attempts checking not when the webpage that exists on the webserver 120 or do not exist on some other webservers, and card module 111 can detect HTTP " 404 do not find " or from the reception of the similar response of the webserver.Then, card module 111 makes user PC 101 contact assisted network servers 140, thereby shows the webpage with the context-sensitive dynamic generation of the unavailable page on the screen 104 of user PC 101.
In a single day Fig. 5 shows and is received http response 133 and carried out decipher by 110 pairs of http responses of web browser software 133 by user PC 101, then the example of the webpage 500 that shows on the screen 104 of user PC 101.As shown in the figure, webpage 500 comprises message field 501, is used for providing informational message to the user; And also comprise back 502 and chain field 503.In this case, message is:
" sorry, the page that can not find you seeking.You can press ' back ' or click peer link ".
Back 502 allows the user to retreat the history of checking webpage by previous.
Suppose the user think link 503.1 be correlated with and carry out the selection of link 503.1 by using mouse 102 to click links 503.1, then link 503.1 designated users are wanted the IP address of the webpage checked.Here, can on linked server 150, find the page.
Typically, in this embodiment, the server 150 that is linked is not the part of the webserver 120 or assisted network server 140; As an alternative, the database of the index data library software of preserving on assist server 140 142 comprises the Internet link to institute's linked server 150.
Therefore, the IP address of institute's linked servers 150 is specified in link 503.1, and has also specified and can find the position page, on institute's linked server 150.When user clicks on links 503.1, web browser software 110 is sent to the server 150 that is linked with HTTP request 134.The server 150 that is linked returns the http response 135 of definition institute requested webpage.Web browser software 110 deciphers are by the webpage of http response 135 definition, and the webpage that demonstration is asked on the screen 104 of user PC 101.
Therefore, card module 111 and assisted network server 140 are not only to provide HTTP " 404 do not find " message to the user, and can improve user's network browsing and experience by present the potential list of relevant links that the user can click to the user.
First embodiment
Fig. 2 shows the system 200 according to first embodiment of the invention.Many assemblies of system 200 are identical with the assembly of system 100.Therefore, total part has kept the same reference numbers of using among Fig. 1.
As the first step among first embodiment, the user keys in web browser software 110 by keyboard 103 with the IP address (URL) of website on the linked network server 201.Web browser software 110 sends to linked network server 201 with HTTP request 202.In this example, found the requested page on the linked network server 201, so linked network server 201 uses http response 203 to respond.110 pairs of webpages by http response 203 definition of web browser software carry out decipher, and show this webpage on display 104.Shown webpage comprises one or more false links (faulty link).False link means the incorrect or no longer available webpage of this link sensing of this link.
In next step, the user clicks one of false link (certainly, he does not know it is false usually).Web browser software 110 is sent to HTTP request 130 remote web server 120 of the link of preserving the website that can't find the page or disconnection.The webserver 120 determines that the page of being asked is unavailable, and web browser software 110 is returned in HTTP " 404 do not find " response 131.
Assist server 240 is similar with the assist server 140 of system 100, but comprises participant's monitoring software 242, is used to analyze the various participant ID 212 of different user.Although for clear, in system 200, only show unique user PC 101, be to use a plurality of users of each PC can use web browser software 110 and each card module 211 simultaneously at PC place separately.Card module 211 comes down to identical, but according to arbitrary tissue of card module 211 being provided and having different participant ID 212 to the user.
Return Fig. 2, when card module 211 detects when receiving HTTP " 404 do not find " response 131 from the webserver 120, card module 211 makes web server software 110 send HTTP request 232 to assisted network server 240.It is 132 similar that the HTTP of HTTP request 232 and system 100 asks, but comprise participant ID 212.
For system 200, the example of HTTP request 232 is as follows:
GET
http://internet_address_of_helper_web_server_240/search.asp？participantID＝123456&referrer＝web_page_address_of_page_on_linking_server_201&error＝404&missing_page＝web_page_address_of_missing_page
Wherein:
Internet_address_of_helper_web_server_240 is the IP address of assist server 240;
Participant ID is the participant ID of card module 211;
Web_page_address_of_page_on_linking_server_201 is the web page address on the linked network server 201, and linked network server 201 comprises the link of the non-existent page to the webserver 120;
The 404th, the state code of http response 131; And
Web_page_address_of_missing_page is the address of the non-existent page on the webserver pointed 120 of the page on the linked server 201.
Assisted network server 240 uses HTTP request 232 to infer the context of the webpage that can't find.Participant's monitoring software 242 records that form the part of assist server 240 make the participant ID 212 of the card module 211 of HTTP request 232 transmissions.Here, participant ID 212 has value " 123456 ".
Assist server 240 comprises the analysis software 141 similar analysis software with system 100.Yet, owing to the additional information that provides in the HTTP request 232 (contrast HTTP request 132), the contextual enhancing information of webpage that analysis software 241 acquisitions are checked about user's trial.Analysis software 241 uses " consultant (the referrer) " information in the HTTP request 232, and HTTP request 220 is sent to linked network server 201.HTTP request 220 comes this webpage from the webserver 201 requests, and this webpage comprises the mistake link of the page to the webserver 120.Linked network server 201 responds with http response 221.Http response 221 comprises information, this information definition the outward appearance and the content of the webpage that on the display 104 of user PC 101, shows.In fact analysis software 241 does not show the webpage by the information definition in the context http response 221, but information is analyzed to determine to link near keyword.
Fig. 6 shows on the display 104 of user PC 101 example of the webpage 600 that shows (analysis software usually will be not can display web page 600).Analysis software 241 analyzing web pages 600 are to determine to point to the position of the link that does not have webpage on the webserver 120.Represent this link by reference number 601.As shown in the figure, near the word the link 601 comprises and the context-sensitive various keywords that link 601.Analysis software 241 is analyzed these keywords, with the keyword of determining to be fit to.The distinct methods that keyword on the webpage is analyzed with index is well known in the art.Here, analysis software 241 is determined the keyword 602 that will be used by index data library software 142.Analysis software 241 also at relevant keyword, is analyzed the network address of webpage 600.By analysis software 241 analysis result is transferred to index data library software 142.Then, index data library software 142 generates expection and user-dependent one or more list of links.
In the present embodiment, system 200 uses participant ID 212 further to obtain contextual information.Participant's monitoring software 242 comprises participant ID and the relevant database of arbitrary tissue that card module 211 is provided to the user.In this supposition example, participant ID 212 has value " 123456 ", is used for indicating the supposition tissue that is called " industrial chemistry tissue " to provide card module 211 to the user.The user may have particular kind of relationship with the supposition corporations of " industrial chemistry tissue ", and this provides additional contextual information, that is, desired context is a chemical field.In the present embodiment, participant's monitoring software 242 will indicate desired contextual information transmission to index data library software 142.
The tabulation of the potential related web site that index data library software 142 is created transfers to Web page create software 143, and Web page create software 143 is sent to web browser software 110 with http response 233 then.Http response 233 comprises the information that defines webpage; 110 pairs of information of web browser software are carried out decipher, and on display 104 display web page.Shown webpage and the web page class shown in Fig. 5 seemingly, but more concentrate on analysis software 241 and index data library software 142 thinks it may is the context of user's context.Http response 233 is similar with the http response 133 of system 100, still, comprises the link of the server 150 that direct sensing links by the webpage of http response 133 definition, and is had to the link of assist server 240 by the webpage of http response 233 definition.Although comprising, the server 150 that this link is pointed to assist server 240 rather than linked, this link allow assist server 240 to make web browser software 110 point to the information of the server 150 that is linked.Assist server 240 will be discussed now handle the mode of these links.
If one of user clicks on links, then web browser software 110 is sent to assist server 240 with HTTP request 234.For system 200, the example of HTTP request 234 is as follows:
GET?http://internet_address_of_helper_web_server_240/tracker.asp？participantID＝123456&link_address＝web_page_address_of_web_page_on_linked_server_150
The network address of assist servers 240 is specified in HTTP request 234, and the network address that also comprises the server 150 that linked and participant ID 212 is as parameter.Assist server 240 comprises tracker software 243.Here, tracker software 243 determines that participant ID is " 123456 ".
Assist server 240 also comprises redirection software 244.Asked 234 o'clock receiving HTTP, redirection software 244 is extracted the parameter that is used to specify the page network address on institute's linked server 150.Then, redirection software 244 is sent to web browser software 110 with http response 235.Http response 235 (for example comprises the HTTP redirection state code, " 302 temporarily move ", thereafter always by " position: " header fields), the HTTP redirection state code is indicated to web browser software 110: web browser software 110 should be sought webpage (that is the webpages of being asked by HTTP request 234) in the another location.In this example, the another location is specified by " position: " header fields of http response 235.
When receiving http response 235, web browser 110 is sent to the server 150 that is linked with the HTTP request.The server 150 that is linked responds with http response 135, and webpage is shown not on the display 104 of user PC 101.
Comprise that the advantage of participant ID 212 is in HTTP request 232, participant's monitoring software 242 can improve index data library software 142 employed contexts.In the optional embodiment of system 200, from HTTP request 232, omit participant ID 212, and remove participant's monitoring software 242 from.In another embodiment, binding analysis software 241 and index data library software 142, use to participate in the grade that monitor software 242 strengthens " liking " institute linked server 150, perhaps use to participate in monitoring software 242 and prevent and to present to the user with linking of one or more " not liking " institute linked server 150.
In the optional embodiment of system 200, configuration plug-in module 211, thus participant ID212 is not included in the HTTP request 234, in this case, can remove the tracker software 243 of assist server 240 from.Yet, preferably, participant ID 212 is included in the HTTP request 234, and keeps tracker software 243.The use of participant ID 212 and tracker software 243 allows the specific institute of assist server 240 subtends linked server 150 to provide how many links to count, and is identified for visiting the participant ID 212 of the card module 211 of specific institute linked server 150.The owner of this permission assist server 240 obtains income from the owner of institute's linked server 150, and shares this income with the tissue that card module 211 is provided to the user.
Fig. 2 only shows the single server that links 150.In the typical case of system 200 realizes, will be understood that to have a plurality of servers that link 150.For the server 150 that will " link " with assist server 240, index data library software 142 is necessary to comprise the information of having specified the network address of webpage on specific institute's linked database 150.Certainly, index data library software 142 can have to the link of searchable a plurality of webpages from specific institute's linked server 150 and the extremely link of a plurality of institutes linked server 150.These links can also comprise the link of other webpage to the webserver 120, and these webpages can be retrieved under the situation that does not have " 404 do not find " mistake.
The owner who supposes assist server 140 reaches an agreement with each owner of different institutes linked server 150, thereby, for each " click is by (click-through) " to institute's linked server 150 of obtaining from the use of card module 211 and assist server 240, the owner of each linked server 150 pays to the owner of assist server 240.The owner who also supposes assist server 140 reaches an agreement with one or more tissues of preparing distribution card module 211, wherein, each participant ID 212 is distributed to each (for example, " 123456 " or " 111222 ") in the tissue so that distinguish card module 211.In tracker software 243 and the redirection software 244 each clicked by counting what having transmitted to the server 150 that each linked.As example, suppose that the A of company has to receive first linked server 150 that 20 clicks are passed through, and the B of company has and receives second linked server 150 that 10 clicks are passed through.The click that A of company and the B of company are write down based on tracker software 243 and redirection software 244 to pay economic returns to the owner of assist server 240 by quantity.Therefore, the owner of assist server 240 obtains the remuneration of 30 clicks by sum.Suppose that also first organizes C to provide the card module 211 with participant ID 212 " 123456 " to some users, and second organizes D that the card module 211 with participant ID 212 " 111222 " is provided to other user.The owner of assist server 240 can be to a part of organizing C and D payment from the remuneration of owner A and B reception, the touching quantity of this part remuneration and following generation is proportional: (i) have the card module 211 of participant ID 212 " 123456 ", (ii) have the card module 211 of participant ID 212 " 111222 ".Thereby the card module 211 of having encouraged to organize C and D will have each participant ID is distributed to the user.
In the optional embodiment of system 200, unnecessary to counting by quantity to the click of one or more institutes linked server 150.In such embodiments, participant ID 212 is not included in the HTTP request 234; Similarly, can remove tracker software 243 from.
Second embodiment
Fig. 3 shows the system 300 according to second embodiment of the invention.System 300 is similar with system 200 in some aspects, and similar assembly adopts similar reference number once more.Yet system 300 comprises agency network server 301.Some ISPs (ISP) are used as the individual subscriber (for example, domestic consumer) of ISP and the gateway between the Internet with acting server.Some enterprises also are used as acting server the PC of its employee's use and the interface between the Internet.Acting server can be by enhancing be provided in conjunction with virus scanner security and by information is carried out the performance that high-speed cache provides enhancing.User PC 101 communicates by letter with the all-network (HTTP) between the Internet and passes through acting server 301, and this acting server 301 receives the HTTP request from user PC 101, then these requests is relayed to other webserver on the Internet.The http response that acting server 301 receives from other webserver on the Internet relays to user PC 101 with these http responses then.
Another difference between system 300 and the system 200 is: the assisted network server 340 of system 300 is not to counting by quantity to the click of institute's linked server 150.As an alternative, use amended index data library software 342, rather than index data library software 142.The network address of the webpage on the index data library software 342 storage institute linked servers 150, storage " ID that link " 312 also, should " ID that links " 350 pairs of 312 permission institute linked servers from the click of assist server 340 receptions by counting.Institute's linked server 350 is similar with institute's linked server 150, but comprises tracker software 343, is used for the click that is received is counted by quantity.
Among the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the user of PC 101 keys in web browser software 110 with the network address or clicks to the link of linked network server 201.Here, acting server 301 is intercepted and captured HTTP request 202, and acting server 301 is revised the header of HTTP request 202, and new HTTP request 302 is sent to linked network server 201.Linked network server 201 uses the http response of being intercepted and captured by acting server 301 203 to respond.Acting server 301 is revised the header of http response 203, and http response 303 is sent it back web browser software 110.For HTTP request 130 and 330, similar a series of incident has taken place.When acting on behalf of server 301 when the webserver 120 that is linked receives HTTP " 404 do not find " response 131, " acting on behalf of adapter (add-in) " 311 revised the behavior of acting servers 301.
Acting on behalf of adapter 311 is software (in the present embodiment) or hardware, is used for revising when receiving HTTP " 404 do not find " or similar state code the behavior of acting server 301.Thereby, act on behalf of the function that adapter 311 is carried out the card module 111 and the card module 211 that are equal to system 100 and 200 in some aspects.Typically, the owner of assist server 340 will act on behalf of the owner that adapter 311 offers acting server 301.The HTTP " 404 do not find " no matter when acting server 301 receives from the webserver 120 responds at 131 o'clock, act on behalf of adapter 311 and make acting server 301 generate HTTP redirection response 331, and this HTTP redirection response 331 is sent to web browser software 110.HTTP redirection response 331 comprises the network address of the page on the linked network server 201 and the network address of the page that can't find on the webserver 120, wherein, linked network server 201 has the mistake link of the page to the webserver 120.
Respond at 331 o'clock receiving HTTP redirection, web browser software 110 is sent to assisted network server 340 with HTTP request 132 by acting server 301.Assisted network server 340 receives HTTP request 132 as HTTP request 332. HTTP request 132 and 332 includes the address as the page that can't find on the network address of the page on the linked network server 201 of parameter and the webserver 120, wherein, linked network server 201 comprises the mistake link of the page to institute's linked network server 120.
Assisted network server 340 extracts the page on the linked network server 201 from HTTP request 332 the network address.For system 200, assisted network server 340 is sent to linked network server 201 with HTTP request 220, and receives http response 221.For system 200, analysis software 241 is determined the context of the webpages that can't find, and contextual information is transferred to index data library software 342.
Index data library software 342 comprises the database of the webpage on institute's linked server 350.Index data library software 342 also comprises one or more ID 312 that link.Each owner of institute's linked server 350 offers link ID 312 owner of assisted network server 340.Typically, each owner of institute's linked server 350 provides the proprietary ID that links 312 for the owner of assist server 340 to the owner of assist server 340.One or more link ID 312 allow the owners of institute's linked servers 350 distinguish from the click of assist server 340 by and pass through from the click of other webserver (not shown).The quantity of the ID that links 312 that 350 pairs of institute's linked servers receive is counted.Suppose the owner of assisted network server 340 has been distributed the ID312 that links with value " 123321 ".Each institute linked server 350 receive have value " 123321 " when linking ID 312, the counter (not shown) increases progressively.Thereby this counter allows the owner of institute's linked server 350 to determine to have produced how much click is passed through from assisted network server 340.In return, the owner of institute's linked server 350 is to owner's payt of assisted network server 340.
Present descriptive system 300 in further detail.
As previously mentioned, Web page create software 143 generates webpage, and this webpage sends to user PC 101 as http response 133 by acting server 301.User PC 101 receives http response 133 as http response 333.As a result, display web page on the display 104 of user PC 101.This webpage comprises one or more links.In these one or more links each pointed to institute's linked server 350.Each link also comprises the ID that links 312 as parameter, and the owner of each linked server 350 has distributed to link ID 312 owner of assisted network server 340.
If one of user clicks on links then sends HTTP request 334 from user PC 101 by acting server 301, institute's linked server 350 receives this HTTP request 334, as HTTP request 334A.It is 134 similar that the HTTP of HTTP request 334 and system 100 and 200 asks, but comprise as parameter the ID that links 312 values, that is, and " 123321 ".
Institute's linked server 350 comprises tracker software 343, is used for the ID parameter that links that analysis package is contained in the HTTP request.When each institute linked server 350 received the HTTP request with the ID that link " 123321 " of institute, tracker software 343 increased progressively counter, indicated to have received click passes through under the help of assisted network server 340.In response to HTTP request 334A, institute's linked network server 350 sends to user PC 101 with http response 135 by acting server 301, wherein, receives http response 135 as http response 135A.
The adapter 311 of acting on behalf of of system 300 is not stored participant ID 212.In the optional embodiment of system 300, act on behalf of the participant ID 212 that adapter 311 storages send assist server 340 to.This allows assist server 340 to distinguish by all acting servers 301 of different tissues.For each value (for example, " 123456 "), count by quantity the participant ID 212 that received, the owner that the owner of assist server 340 can give acting server 301 with click by the proportional remuneration of quantity.Certainly, this optional embodiment can not follow the tracks of HTTP request 332 whether reality has produced to click and pass through.In optional embodiment, revise and to act on behalf of adapter 311, so that monitor HTTP request 334, thereby the adapter 311 of acting on behalf of that allows to be revised determines to be suitable for to participate in each remuneration among each owner of acting server 301.
The 3rd embodiment
Fig. 4 shows the system 400 according to third embodiment of the invention.
System 100,200,300 shows the webserver 120, and system 400 has the webserver 420.The webserver 420 is similar with the webserver 120, but comprises error handler 411.Than the behavior of the webserver 120, in the time can not retrieving the webpage of being asked from the webserver 420, error handler 411 is revised the behavior of the webserver 420.Error handler 411 is revised the behavior of the webserver 420, thereby the webserver 420 is not the HTTP state code that returns such as " 404 do not find ", but return the http response 431 that comprises the HTTP redirection state code (for example, " 302 temporarily move " and " Location:http: //internet_address_of_helper_server_240/search.asp? referrer=web_page_address_of_page_on_linking_server_201﹠ amp; Error=404﹠amp; Missing_page=web_page_address_of_missing_page " field).Http response 431 makes web browser software 110 send HTTP request 132 to assist server 440.
Assist server 440 communicates with secondary server 460.Secondary server 460 comprises analysis software 241, index data library software 142 and Web page create software 143.Although thereby assist server 440 is different from assist server 140,240,340, in fact, it combines with secondary server 460, and similar functions can be provided.When secondary server 460 request accessed web pages, assist server 440 is as the acting server of secondary server 460.
Assist server 440 is sent to linked network server 201 with HTTP request 220, and linked network server 201 uses 221 pairs of assist servers 440 of http response to respond.Then, the Web page create software 143 of secondary server 460 generates webpage, and by assist server 440, http response 133 is sent to web browser software 110.If user clicks on links, then HTTP request 134 sends to institute's linked server 150 of replying with http response 135, thereby makes web displaying from institute's linked server 150 on user 101 display 104.
In the optional embodiment of system 400, error handler 411 is configured to comprise participant ID 212, this participant ID 212 is included in the http response 431, thereby sends assist server 440 to.In another embodiment of system 400, use to comprise that the index data library software 342 of the ID that links 312 replaces the index data library software 142 of secondary server 460.In another embodiment, assist server 440 also comprises tracker software 243 and redirection software 244.
The 4th embodiment
In the 100-400 of system, card module 111,211, act on behalf of adapter 311 or error handler 411 detect signal on web browser 110/ display 104 that the indication webpage that the user asked can not be presented at user PC 101 (as, " 404 do not find ") to the HTTP state code.In some cases, mistake can take place under the situation that does not generate the HTTP state code.
In the 4th embodiment (not shown), compatibly, by card module 111,211, act on behalf of the mistake that adapter 311 or error handler 411 detects in this case, and mistake in this case is used for activation analysis software 141, index data library software 142 and Web page create software 143.Those skilled in the art are readily appreciated that card module 111,211, act on behalf of adapter 311 or error handler 411 needed modifications.
Below five examples are examples that the webserver 120 can not generate the situation of HTTP state code:
1. non-existent domain name
When the dns lookup of being undertaken by web browser 110 of carrying out at the dns lookup of the request 130 in the system 100,200 or by acting server 301 at the request of the HTTP in the system 300 330 can not be with the text IP address (for example, ' www.some_non_existant_domain.com ') when being converted to digital Internet Protocol address, card module 111,211 or act on behalf of adapter 311 and will receive error code from dns server, and performance is not found as HTTP ' main frame has taken place ' mistake.
Suppose between the user PC 101 in system 100,200 and the webserver 120 or have the standard network acting server (promptly between the acting server 301 in system 300 and the webserver 120, do not comprise the acting server of acting on behalf of adapter 311), then this standard acting server will be converted to the HTTP error message to the DNS error message that is received, and this message is sent it back web browser 110 or acting server 301.Then, as usual the same, to card module 111,211 or act on behalf of adapter 311 and notify the HTTP state codes.
2. do not have server for place, IP address
In the current IP address assignment that parses from FQDN in not with IP address among the URL or URL during to any machine on the Internet, web browser 110 or acting server can not be set up and being connected of the non-existent webserver 120.
2.1 if do not connect in special time period (typically, some seconds), then web browser 110 or acting server 301 (or standard acting server) will be overtime.Card module 111,211 or act on behalf of adapter 311 and will receive overtime notice, and can continue operation once more as receiving HTTP " main frame is not found ".(standard agency will be the overtime HTTP state code that is converted to, and this code is sent to web browser 110 or acting server 301, thus card module 111,211 or act on behalf of adapter 311 and can show as discussed previously equally).
2.2 alternatively, the more close router of the sub-network that should be in the webserver 120 may know that the webserver 120 does not exist.Router will send it back ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) ' main frame is unreachable ' message.Card module or adapter obtain aforesaid notice, and can move (once more, typically, the standard agency is converted to ICMP the HTTP state code that is received by web browser 110.3) at any other mistake.
3. there is not the server of routing to
When exist stoping datagram when user PC 101 or acting server 301 (perhaps intermediary (intervening) standard web server) arrive the problem of the webserver 120, with take place with situation 2 in identical situation, can to send ICMP ' network in situation 2.2 unreachable except intermediate router '.
4. there is not route from server
When exist stoping datagram when the webserver 120 returns, always applicable cases 2.1.
5. server is not the webserver
But when connected server 120 servers 120 standard http port number (tcp port 80) go up or the port numbers of appointment in URL on during the operational network server software, server 120 can fully be ignored the request that will cause situation 2.1, perhaps as handling in 2.2, it is unreachable that server 120 can return ICMP ' agreement ' or ICMP ' port unreachable '.
The reference of five kinds of situations cited above can be found in following link:
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfcO792.txt
IETF RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol (Internet Control MessageProtocol)
The 5th embodiment
Fig. 7 shows the system 700 according to fifth embodiment of the invention.System 700 and previously described system 100 have many common features.Yet, in system 700, come the assist server 140 of replacement system 100 by assist server 740.Assist server 740 is similar with assist server 140, but also is configured to communicate with " who is " server 701 and " what is " server 702.
To present the supposition example now.For example, suppose that the user keys in the network address:
http://www.elephant.co.uk/this_page_does_not_exist.html
In this supposition example, the webserver 120 returns the http response 131 that comprises HTTP state code " 404 do not find " and (notes, this is the supposition example, actual www.elephant.co.uk does not return 404 HTTP state codes, but the demonstration indication can not be found the page of " this_page_does_not_exist.html " page).Then, card module 111 sends HTTP request next analysis software 741 to assist server 740 132 (comprising the network address).
In the present embodiment, analysis software 741 (that is, www.elephant.co.uk) sends to " whois " server 701 as the part of HTTP request 730 with FQDN.Whois server 701 provides the information about people who has registered domain name www.elephant.co.uk or tissue.The example of whois server 701 is the whois servers at place, the following network address:
http://www.samspade.org/t/whois？server＝magic
As the skilled person will appreciate, the ietf definition whois agreement (see http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3912.txt, be incorporated herein by reference in the lump) among the RFC 3912 at this.Do not exist at standard based on the request form of the whois server of HTTP.Each has defined the form of oneself.RFC 3912 has defined the whois agreement that is independent of HTTP.Therefore, according to being the whois server that assist server 740 is selected, request can be used as the form based on HTTP as the customization shown in the SamSpade 730/731, perhaps can use the whois form of definition among the RFC 3912.
The http response 732 that analysis software 741 receives from whois server 701.For this supposition example, http response 732 comprises following information:
Domain name:
elephant.co.uk
The registrant:
Admiral insurance service company limited
Registrant agency:
NTL the Internet company limited [label=CABLEOL]
URL：http://www.ntl.com
Relevant date:
Upgraded last time: 12-Oct-2004
The name server that order is listed:
dns1.ntli.net 62.253.162.237
dns2.ntli.net 194.168.4.237
The whois database tabulation was upgraded in 18:10:00 on July 5th, 2005 last time
In supposition example described above, comprise the contextual information of abundance from the http response 731 of whois server 701.In other cases, possessory title of domain name registration and address can be comprised, but the keyword such as insurance may be do not comprised from the response of whois server 701.For example, the whois of domain name www.newscientist.co.uk response comprises following information:
Domain name:
newscientist.co.uk
The registrant:
Reed business information company
The registrant address:
Quadrant?House
The?Quadrant
Sutton
Surrey
SM2?5AS
GB
Although provided the registrant of domain name, registrant's title may always not provide sufficient contextual information.Here, registrant's title is " a Reed business information company ", but this does not indicate registrant's context fully.Under such situation, for example, analysis software 741 extracts registrant's title, and HTTP request 732 is sent to what_is server 702.
What_is server 702 uses and comprises that the http response 733 about the contextual information of registrant responds.For example, in Britain, following website:
www.192.com
Can be used to obtain contextual information about the registrant.For registrant " Reed business information company ", http response 733 comprises keyword " newspaper and magazine publisher ".Analysis software 741 is used as contextual information with keyword.Thereby in the present embodiment, by link whois server 701 and what_is server 702, system 700 can improve the chained dependence in the http response 133.
As the skilled person will appreciate, system 700 address that can also use the registrant is as the part of contextual information or to the part of the inquiry of what_is server 702.As using substituting of www.192.com, can be configured system 700, with the online database of inquiry such as the online database of Companies House.At UK, Companies House provides the official register registration of company incorporated's details.
Those skilled in the art also will be understood that, for example, can revise system 700, operates with coupling system 200,300,400.Those skilled in the art also will be understood that, can revise system 700.For example, can revise analysis software 741, thereby as search substituting or adding of contextual information from whois server 701 or what_is server 702, contextual analysis software 741 can be carried out the contextual analysis at some out of Memory resources.For example, can Allocation Analysis software 741, so that the HTTP request is sent to the disabled site home page of the page of being asked (promptly, when page http://www.elephant.co.uk/this_page_does_not_exist.html is unavailable, the homepage that analysis software 741 is asked from website www.elephant.co.uk, and to this homepage execution contextual analysis).It will be understood to those of skill in the art that to have multiple other online resources, analysis software 741 can be carried out contextual analysis to it.Obtaining in the contextual information (that is, about the contextual information of the webpage that can not be sent to user PC 101), some in these online resources are bigger than the purposes of other online resource.
Those skilled in the art can determine which online resource provides useful information.For example, the webpage of selecting at random can not provide the contextual information of usefulness.On the contrary, online database, site home page or webpage referenced (referring web page) (that is the webpage that, has defective (defective) link) may provide useful information.
The 6th embodiment
Fig. 8 shows the system of acting on behalf of adapter 311 800 that can be used for replacement system 300.Fig. 8 shows acting server 801 and the ICAP server 811 that adapts to agreement (ICAP) based on internet content.The some parts of system 800 is identical with system 300, so for reader's convenience, figure 8 illustrates some in HTTP request and the http response.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, ICAP is the ietf standard agreement of describing in RFC 3507 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3507.txt), and this agreement allows the function internet proxy server execution such as virus scan, language translation or the information filtering.The ICAP agreement allows acting server to go up or on public IP-based network (as, public the Internet), inquiry is sent to one or more content-adaptive servers at dedicated network (as, the internal lan of ISP).
At first consider outer HTTP request 130 from user PC 101.
Receive HTTP when asking 130 when acting on behalf of server 801, acting server 801 chains at Ethernet message 860 is sent to ICAM server 811.Message 860 comprises duplicating of HTTP request 130.ICAP server 811 checks that at first the FQDN among the URI of HTTP request 130 resolves to real IP address.ICAP server 811 is checked by using dns server to resolve FQDN.The example that FQDN will can not resolve to the situation of real IP address is, if specified the web site name in the HTTP request 130 improperly, thus the dns resolution of web site name failure.Suppose that FQDN resolves to real IP address really, whether then ICAP server 811 is checked has the webserver 120 monitoring at the place, IP address that dns resolution is given.If there is the webserver 120 monitoring, then ICAP server 811 sends it back acting server 801 with message 861.Message 861 comprises unmodified HTTP request 130, and this unmodified HTTP request 130 is being sent to the webserver 120 by acting server 801 as HTTP request 330 on the Internet.
If if the dns resolution failure or the webserver 120 are not handled the HTTP request, then ICAP server 811 does not send the message 861 that comprises unmodified HTTP request, but makes acting server 801 with HTTP redirection response 331 web browsers 110 that are sent on the user PC 101.As described above, HTTP redirection response 331 makes web browser 110 that HTTP request 132 is sent to assist server 340.Then, assist server 340 is carried out aforesaid contextual analysis.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that as HTTP redirection response 331 is sent to substituting of web browser 110, ICAP server 811 can be configured to send message 861, wherein, revised the header of HTTP request to acting server 801.Then, acting server 801 sends the HTTP request of being revised to the Internet.Request is made amendment to HTTP, thereby can not be addressed to the webserver 120, but the HTTP request is appointed as the destination with assist server 340.Then, assist server 340 is carried out aforesaid contextual analysis.
Secondly consider to enter http response 131 from website 120.
When acting on behalf of server 801 receive http response 131 from the webserver 120, acting server 801 is sent to ICAP server 811 with message 871.Message 871 comprises the copy of http response 131.ICAP server 811 is checked the header of http response 131, to determine whether successfully to retrieve the webpage (or other resource) by user's request from the webserver 120.If the indication of the state code of http response 131 successfully retrieves webpage, then ICAP server 811 is sent to acting server 801 with message 872; Message 872 notification agent server 801:HTTP response 131 should be without transferring to user PC 101 with revising.
If the indication of the state code of http response 131 does not successfully retrieve webpage, then in the present embodiment, ICAP server 811 is also checked the length (that is character number) of http response 131 main bodys (relative with header).If modal length is lower than threshold length, then ICAP server 811 sends message 872, and this message 872 is used to indicate acting server 801 to use HTTP redirection response 311 to replace http response 131.HTTP redirection response 311 makes web browser 110 that HTTP request 132 is sent to assist server 340.Then, assist server 340 is carried out contextual analysis as mentioned above.
In certain embodiments, can dispose ICAP server 811 with the state code of only checking http response 131 rather than state code and the modal length of checking http response 131.
In embodiment described above, ICAP server 811 communicates with the dns server and the webserver 120, will externally send out HTTP request 130 and respond to check the webserver 120.Whether in certain embodiments, ICAP server 811 comprises timer, be used for determining having passed through the long time from the inquiry dns server or the webserver 120.If passed through the long time, then ICAP server 811 is thought and mistake occurred, and makes acting server 801 that HTTP redirection response 311 is sent to web browser 110.
As the skilled person will appreciate, many webpages comprise multiple image.This webpage comprises the HTML information of download images wherefrom of having specified.In case this webpage is loaded enter the internet browser 110, then web browser 110 issues are at the HTTP request of each image.Preferably, ICAP server 811 is ignored the HTTP state for the request of image (for example, with file layout .jpg and .png) and executable file (for example, with form .exe).In some cases, for example, when the URL that is asked finishes with common image or other no HTML page or leaf obj ect file name expansion (.gif .ess .jpg .map), can not inquire about ICAP server 811 by Configuration Agent server 801.This has reduced the load on the communication channel (Ethernet or the Internet) between acting server 801 and the ICAP server 811, and has reduced the load on the ICAP server 811.In other cases, URL may not can the designation data type, ICAP server 811 must be determined.A kind of method is to check the html page of the URL of the embedded object that had before returned, and in the time period that is provided with, with these page stores in database.When the ICAP server receives request to embedded object subsequently, can from database, detect and (infinitely increase in order to prevent database, had the special time amount, then it is abandoned in case detect old URL.This cache management is well known in the art).
Other embodiment
The contextual information that system 100,200,300,400,700 and 800 described above has obtained from following any source: (i) FQDN, the webpage that (ii) has the defective link, (iii) secondary server (as, whois server 701 or what_is server 702).As the skilled person will appreciate, in optional embodiment, system is made amendment, thereby obtain from the contextual information in those sources simultaneously or in addition, system also attempts obtaining contextual information from the site home page with unavailable webpage.For example, suppose that the user keys in URL or clickthrough, for example, supposes the website:
www.valid_domain_name.com/missing_page.html
Wherein, FQDN has specified domain name effectively, but effective webpage is not specified at this domain name in this path.In this optional embodiment, configuration-system is to load the homepage of website.Dispose most of websites, thereby, if the path of specifying particular webpage is not provided, return the webpage that is called " index.html " in the website defaultly.Thereby in this optional embodiment, the website can provide following webpage to system:
www.valid?domain?name.com/index.html
System will carry out contextual analysis to the homepage of website then.
As the skilled person will appreciate, will be from site home page acquired information with from the secondary server such as whois server 701, obtain contextual information and compare, between exist difference.(for example, when obtaining contextual information in index.html), the contextual analysis device sends to the website with the HTTP request then, and carries out contextual analysis at the webpage that is returned by the website from the homepage of website when contextual analysis device (for example, analysis software 141).When the contextual analysis device obtains contextual information from secondary server, may need to carry out two steps.At first, the contextual analysis device is sent to secondary server with the HTTP request, and receives http response from secondary server.Http response can define the webpage that comprises one or more fields.For example, whois server 701 can have the field that user's (or computing machine) can import domain name therein.In case user's (or computing machine) has imported domain name, and supress " carriage return " button, then whois server 701 uses the html web page of the dynamic generation that comprises contextual information to reply.Then, the contextual analysis device is analyzed the html web page of dynamic generation for for example keyword.
Now another embodiment will be discussed.For convenience, the great majority in following examples will present according to system 100,200,300 or 400.One skilled in the art will appreciate that and many among the embodiment can also be applied to system 700 and 800 or be applied to the 4th embodiment.
As the skilled person will appreciate, can be to system 100,200,300 or 400 or the 5th embodiment made other modification.For example, as using software to realize substituting of analysis software 141,241, index data library software 142 and Web page create software 143, specialized hardware can be used to carry out identical functions.
System 100,200,300,400 is integrated with assist server 140,240,340 with analysis software 141,241, index data library software 142,342 and Web page create software 143.In optional embodiment, assist server do not comprise above-mentioned functions, but have communication linkage with other server of realizing required function.For example, in an optional embodiment, when receiving HTTP request 232 and http response 221, assist server with information communication to presumably hereinafter and context is returned " context " software of assist server.Then, assist server is communicated to database server with this context, and this database server provides the directly related details that links with the Web page create server.Then, the Web page create server generates required webpage, and this webpage is sent to assist server, to transfer to web browser software 110.
Typically, system 100,200,300,400 not with Internet Protocol (IP) address communication of user PC 101 to assist server 140,240,340,440.In optional embodiment, IP address is sent to assist server as parameter.This is used for improving contextual information by the approximate geographic position of considering user PC 101.This permission improves the correlativity of credit card for example or other financial service, perhaps allows the suitable retail of heavy or big goods or the suitable sale of service for language translation.
In optional embodiment, the configuration assistance server is carrying out high-speed cache to request and index, thereby raising is to user's response speed.For example, if the webserver 120 is temporarily unavailable, then the different user of possibility will attempt the page on the access web server 120, thereby will repeat similarly " 404 do not find " mistake.
In optional embodiment, card module 111,211 or act on behalf of adapter 311 and generate permanent " the overall proprietary identifier " that exclusively identifies the specific user.In this optional embodiment, dispose overall proprietary identifier and can not track to the individual, thereby guaranteed privacy.By the proprietary identifier of the overall situation is included in assist server as parameter, assist server can be considered user's the custom of browsing, thereby improves context and the correlativity of presenting to user's link.In similar embodiment, overall proprietary identifier can be implemented as the permanent cookies on the user PC 101.Similarly, participant ID can store as the permanent cookie. on the user PC 101 in other embodiments, participant ID is not used in which tissue of record card module 211 is distributed to the user, but as permanent overall proprietary identifier or be used for coming the user is classified according to typical image (stereotype), for example, it is interested to be used to indicate the user to tend to chemistry or dancing.
In some cases, can present the combination of system 100,200,300 and 400 simultaneously.For example, the user PC 101 with card module 211 can visit the Internet by having the agency 301 who acts on behalf of adapter 311, combines the webserver 420 of error handler 411 with visit.In this case, when user PC 101 was returned in nothing " 404 do not find " errored response, error handler 411 will control agent adapter 311 and card module 211.As the skilled person will appreciate, can revise the behavior of error handler 411, can be by acting on behalf of the information that adapter 311 and card module 211 checked thereby provide, error handler 411 to be provided, to act on behalf of the shared remuneration between the different tissues of adapter 311 and card module 211.
In optional embodiment, configuration plug-in module 211 is to comprise user's web page address (URL) (for example, aforementioned five webservers) of visit recently, so that additional content information to be provided.Similarly, can revise error handler 411, to be used to provide the limited realization of identical function by making of session cookies on the user PC 101, with the web page address of the nearest visit of storage user.
In another optional embodiment, can provide a plurality of assist servers.In one embodiment, each user is pointed to specific assist server, thus the load between the different assist servers of balance, for example, with Distribution Calculation load or the Internet traffic equably between different assist servers.Alternatively, different users can point to different assist servers based on participant ID 212.Distribution load and/or provide redundant when a plurality of ICAP servers can also be used for that an ICAP server breaks down therein.In addition, ISP uses a plurality of acting servers usually.In this case, single ICAP server 811 can provide service for the acting server 801 based on ICAP more than.
The Web page create software 143 of system 100,200,300,400 has been created the webpage that will be checked by the user on display 104.In some cases, the user may be difficult for checking display, for example, if the user drives.Thereby in optional embodiment, for example, to speech conversion software, amended browser software is used to generate the output that is communicated to the user by text, thereby the user listens to the classification link and selects link by web browser is spoken to select chain to fetch.
System 100,200,300,400 uses card modules 111,211, act on behalf of combining of one of adapter 311 or error handler 411 and assist server 140,240,340,440.In optional embodiment, assist server function some or all of are included in card module 111,211, act on behalf of in adapter 311 or the error handler 411.In other optional embodiment, user PC has realized the webserver, and card module 111,211, the function of acting on behalf of adapter 311 or error handler 411 are the parts of user PC 101.For example, as the skilled person will appreciate, card module 111,211, act on behalf of in adapter 311 or error handler 411, analysis software 141, index data library software 142 and the Web page create software 143 any/some/all functions can be implemented as the part of the operating system of user PC.
In certain embodiments, not to present the optional link tabulation of considering and selecting by the user to the user, send to user PC 101 but will be redirected http response, this makes thinks that maximally related arbitrary link directly is presented on the display 104.Can be based on every pay-per-click (CPC), every guiding paying (CPL), every action paying (CPA), every client paying, per thousand paying (CPM, wherein, " M " is C 0), every sale is paid (CPS) or whenever order payings (CPO) obtains to take in.Can distribute different values to different classes of link.For example, because pignorative contract typically has the fact of high value, so can be to the high financial value of the routes distribution of mortgaging the supplier.Sometimes, the owner of website will pay to tissue, so that this website " is kept (host) " on all webservers of this tissue.
Previously mentioned " 404 do not find " and " 410 can not use again " state code is the example that is fit to that can improve user interface.As the skilled person will appreciate, other HTTP state code that can use this user interface includes but is not limited to:
400 difference grammers (Bad Syntax),
401 unauthorizeds,
402 do not use
403 forbid,
500 server errors
501 are unrealized
502 overloads, and
503 gateways are overtime.
In system 400, assist server 440 is connected with secondary server 460, and secondary server 460 comprises analysis software 241 and index data library software 242.In the optional embodiment of the 100-400 of system, the webserver (not shown) that is provided by the third party can be used to carry out contextual analysis.In such embodiments, when receiving the HTTP state code, configuration plug-in module 111,211, act on behalf of adapter 311 or error handler 411, so that contextual information is sent to third-party server.Third-party server analysis context information, and potential lists of links is sent to assist server, assist server makes webpage generate and send to the user then.
System 100-400 uses the index data library software to determine potential relevant the linking with the user.Then, the user is presented in these links.In some cases, preferably, guarantee that the user needn't wait for the long time before receiving some results.In optional embodiment, Allocation Analysis software and index data library software, thereby the user import for the first time specify specific when not having the URL of the page, based on concise and to the point relatively analysis to contextual information,, the user is presented in link.This has guaranteed that the user needn't wait for the long time.Simultaneously, Allocation Analysis software and index data library software come analysis context information in further detail, and determine new tabulation; Because analysis software and index data library software have the more time to be used for analyzing, so this new tabulation can be more relevant with context than the lists of links of presenting to the user at first.If, then present this new tabulation if different users imports identical URL subsequently or original user imports identical URL for the second time.The advantage of this embodiment is, makes until the response time that the user is returned in link to keep reasonably shorter, allows detailed relatively contextual analysis simultaneously.In another development of this optional embodiment, configuration webpage is created software 143, comprises " framework collection (the frameset) " webpage of two or more " framework (frame) " with generation.As the skilled person will appreciate, framework collection webpage is presented to the user as single webpage, but in the framework each can come from the different webservers.For example, framework can comprise the reference of indication network server retrieves specific network server main page.In this further developed, configuration webpage was created software, thereby at first was presented at the framework that comprises link that finds after the concise and to the point relatively analysis.Enough bear with the long period if the user has, then also be presented at the framework that comprises link that finds after the more detailed contextual analysis.
In the 100-400 of system, modulator-demodular unit 105 is used for user PC 101 is connected with the Internet.In other embodiments, PC 101 comprises and uses HTTP, wireless access protocol (WAP) or similarly ask and receive miscellaneous equipment from the information of the webserver.The present invention also can be applicable to not use the network of HTTP and HTML agreement.Similarly, the present invention can be applicable to " Intranet " rather than the Internet.As the skilled person will appreciate, Intranet is typical dedicated network, does not link with the Internet or separates by fire wall and the Internet.
In the 100-400 of system, assisted network server 140,240,340,440 is used for presenting potential peer link to the user when the user can not be from the webserver 120,420 visit institute information requested.The assisted network server and the webserver are unique webservers.In optional embodiment, the webserver can not only have identical IP address with the assisted network server, can also be the identical webserver (that is, the assisted network server is assisted oneself).The advantage of such embodiment is that can make to the user provides the response time of peer link to minimize.For example, compare with http response 221, in this optional embodiment, avoided needs the information by big physical distance with the HTTP of the 200-400 of system request 220.
Fig. 1-4 shows the multiple position (between the user PC 101 and the webserver 120,420) that can intercept and capture error code and error code is used to initiate incorrect URL is carried out contextual analysis.As the skilled person will appreciate, many provider servers (ISP) locate to buy the Internet bandwidth from operator's (typically, being main telecommunications company).Typically, operator has and safeguards and for example cross over Atlantic fiber optic cables and exchange/routing device.In certain embodiments, network agent can be attached in exchange/routing device.This agency will be to operate with the similar mode of the acting server shown in Fig. 3.
For the 4th embodiment, five kinds of situation examples that mistake under the situation that does not generate the HTTP state code, occurs have been provided.Under first situation, configuration plug-in module 111,211 or act on behalf of adapter 311 to receive error code from dns server, shows as the HTTP mistake has taken place the same then.In optional embodiment, in the time domain name mapping can not being the IP address, revise dns server, to change the behavior of dns server.For example, can use and act on behalf of adapter 311 similar DNS adapter (not shown), come amended dns server is made amendment.
Usually, when user clicks on links, browser uses dns server that domain name mapping is the IP address.In case browser receives the IP address from dns server, then browser is sent to the HTTP request in the main frame of being located by the IP address of dns server appointment.
(for example with non-existent domain name, ' www.some_non_existent_domain.com ') when being sent to amended dns server, as substituting that indication DNS mistake has taken place, amended dns server returns the IP address of assist server 140,240,340,440.By the Internet, to web browser 110, this web browser is sent to assist server 140,240,340,440 with the HTTP request then with the IP address communication of assist server.
Alternatively, as revising substituting of dns server, acting on behalf of dns server can be as the intermediary between user PC and the dns server.In this case, act on behalf of dns server and from dns server, receive DNS state code (comprising the DNS error code).Under the invalid situation of domain name, generation is from the DNS error code of dns server, act on behalf of dns server then and intercept and capture the DNS error code that from dns server, receives, and use DNS state code (the IP address that comprises assist server 140,240,340,440) to replace the DNS error code that (or correction) received.
(for example, www.some_non_existent_domain.com/path/page.html), then web browser will be sent to routing information the IP address of assist server if the user keys in URL or clicks the link that comprises routing information.Therefore, assist server can be carried out foregoing contextual information.Note, under the situation of user clicks on links, also the address of webpage (that is, have specified the webpage that does not have the link of domain name) can be sent to assist server.
As previously mentioned, the present invention also is applied to internet webpage.For example, this webpage can comprise image.As the skilled person will appreciate, typically, use HTML/XHTML label "＜img〉" to represent the image on the webpage.＜img〉one of the attribute of label is: " src " that has specified the URL of the image that will show as a webpage part.When carrying out contextual analysis, can dispose embodiments of the invention and analyze the src attribute.For example, if the src attribute has been specified URL " www.some_domain_name.com/images/elephant.jpg ", then contextual analysis can determine that image is called " elephant ", and is jpeg format.
Yet in some cases, the title of the image that show is the content of indicating image not.For example, image can be called " img0001 ", but can show the picture of elephant.In this case, can dispose that embodiments of the invention come retrieving images and to the image carries out image processing.Certainly, it will be understood to those of skill in the art that handling monochrome image detects circular and square expression will be than the complicated more expression lower Computer Processing performance of detection needs of (as, elephant).Similarly, can dispose the music that embodiment analyzes music (for example, with MPEG layer 3 form, being also referred to as the mp3 file form) filename or represented by music file, to determine that for example music file is expression classical music or jazz.
In other cases, webpage can comprise the defective link, still also can comprise effective link.Those skilled in the art also will be understood that, can dispose the embodiment of the invention, if the user has selected the defective link, then retrieve by the specified webpage of effective link, and analyze those webpages at contextual information.
Claims (57)
1, a kind of system comprises:
Terminal (101) is used by the user, and wherein, described terminal comprises the web browser (110) that is used for the representative of consumer requested webpage;
The webserver (120);
Error detector (120), wherein, described error detector be used for selected to specify on first webpage (600) of second webpage link (601) afterwards, not with described second webpage when the described webserver is sent to described web browser, generation error code (131);
Error code receiver (211; 311; 411; 811), wherein, described error code receiver is used for receiving error code (131) from described error detector, and this is responded, and makes information (232) be sent to the contextual analysis device, the context-sensitive of described information and described first webpage;
Contextual analysis device (241,242; 341,343; 741), be used for: receive information (232) from described error code receiver; Analyze the content of described first webpage (600), to determine the information (602) with the context-sensitive of described link the (601); Set up the tabulation (503) of one or more webpages based on described contextual information (602); And described tabulation is communicated to the response maker; And
Response maker (143), wherein, described response maker is used for generating response (500) based on described tabulation, and is used for described responding communication to described web browser.
2, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described system comprises dns server, and described error detector is used for generation error code by the dns resolution failure of the described webpage of described web browser request the time.
3, system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the DNS adapter of described error detector specific implementation for operating in conjunction with described dns server.
4, as the described system of one of claim 1 to 3, wherein, described error detector (120) be used for by described second webpage of described web browser request for described web browser generation error code when unavailable.
5, system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the described webserver (120) comprises described error detector (120).
6, system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described web browser (110) comprises described error detector.
7, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described error detector comprises overtime detecting device, described overtime detecting device is used for making described error detector generation error code to the request timed out of webpage the time.
8, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described terminal (101) comprises one of Desktop PC, mobile phone and personal digital assistant, and described web browser (110) comprises web browser software.
9, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the card module (111,211) of described error code receiver specific implementation for operating in conjunction with described web browser.
10, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described error code receiver specific implementation is acted on behalf of adapter (311) for what operate in conjunction with the agency network server.
11, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described error code receiver specific implementation is server (811), described server (811) is operated in conjunction with the agency network server, to revise the behavior of described agency network server.
12, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described error code receiver specific implementation is an error handler, described error handler is operated in conjunction with other webservers the webserver that requires except that right in the 1 or 5 described systems.
13, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described contextual analysis device and response maker specific implementation are assisted network server (240; 340; 440; 740).
14, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described error code receiver, described contextual analysis device and described response maker specific implementation card module (111,211) for operating in conjunction with described web browser.
15, the system as claimed in claim 1 comprises the assisted network server (440) that communicates with described contextual analysis device and described response maker.
16, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described contextual analysis device comprises database (142), described database (142) uses keyword that webpage is indexed.
17, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when the webpage by described terminal request can't be sent to described terminal, described contextual analysis device was used for:
Retrieval other webpages (600) except that described second webpage, and
Analyze described other webpages (600), to determine contextual information (602).
18, system as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described contextual analysis device is used for: the history of (i) determining to have one or more webpages (600) of link (601), described link guides to described second webpage with the user, (ii) retrieve described one or more webpage, and (iii) analyze described one or more webpage to determine contextual information (602).
19, system as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described contextual analysis device is used to retrieve the homepage that is associated with described second webpage, and is used to analyze described homepage to determine contextual information.
20, system as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described contextual analysis device is used for from secondary server (701,702) searching web pages, and is used to analyze the webpage that retrieves to determine contextual information.
21, system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described secondary server comprises whois server (701).
22, system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described secondary server is first secondary server (701), the contextual information of determining the webpage that described contextual analysis device is used for retrieving from described first secondary server, input as second secondary server (702), described contextual analysis device is used in response to described input, searching web pages from second secondary server, and described contextual analysis device is used for analyzing the described webpage that retrieves from described second secondary server and determines contextual information.
23, the system as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described second secondary server comprises what_is server (702).
24, as the described system of one of claim 17 to 23, wherein, described contextual analysis device is used to analyze described one or more webpage, to determine that keyword (602) is as contextual information.
25, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described error code receiver storage participant's id information (212), wherein, described error code receiver is used for described participant's id information is sent to described contextual analysis device (242), and described contextual analysis device be used for the decipher of described participant's id information as with the information of the context-sensitive of the webpage of described web browser request.
26, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described response maker (143) is used for response is sent to described web browser, with one of webpage in the tabulation that described web browser is redirected to the interested one or more webpages of user's possibility.
27, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described response maker (143) is used to generate webpage (500), and described webpage is sent to described terminal.
28, system as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described response maker (143) is used to generate webpage, described webpage comprise respectively to the user may interested one or more webpages one or more links (503).
29, the system as claimed in claim 1,
Wherein, described error code receiver storage participant's id information (212),
Wherein, described error code receiver is used to make described participant's id information to be sent to described response maker,
Wherein, described response maker (143) is used to generate the webpage (500) that comprises one or more links of pointing to described assist server, and the webpage that is used for being generated sends (233) to described terminal, in described one or more links of the webpage that generates each comprises: (i) information of each webpage in the interested described one or more webpages of designated user possibility, and (ii) described participant's id information, and
Described system comprises the counter (243) that is associated with described participant's id information, wherein, in response to the selection of user to described one or more links of generation webpage, described counter is increased progressively.
30, system as claimed in claim 29, comprise: assist server (240), be used for from the information that comprises named web page and the described terminal of described participant's id information, receive web-page requests (234), and in response to described web-page requests, to respond (235) and be sent to described web browser, and described web browser being redirected to the described webpage of appointment in the described web-page requests, and described counter (243) be increased progressively.31, system as claimed in claim 29 comprises a plurality of counters (243), and each counter is associated with each participant's id information (212).
32, as claim 29 or 31 described systems, wherein, described error code receiver is used for described participant's id information is sent to described contextual analysis device, and described contextual analysis device is used for described participant's id information is sent to described response maker.
33, system as claimed in claim 28, wherein, the storage of described contextual analysis device and described one or more id informations that link that are associated that link of one or more webpages extremely respectively; Described contextual analysis device is used for the described id information that links is sent to described response maker; And described response maker is used for each id information that links is included in described one or more links of the webpage that generates.
34, the system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises one or more institute's linked servers (150), and wherein, the linked server storage user of described one or more institutes may interested webpage.
35, system as claimed in claim 27,
Wherein, described response maker is used for the primary list that receives based on from described contextual analysis device, generates elementary webpage; And
Wherein, described response maker is used for the additional tabulation that receives based on from described contextual analysis device, generates additional webpage.
36, system as claimed in claim 35, wherein, described response maker is used to generate the webpage that comprises the framework collection, and one of framework of described framework collection is specified described elementary webpage, and in the framework of described framework collection another specified described additional webpage.
37, a kind of error code receiver (211; 311; 411; 811), comprising:
Be used for receiving device from the error code (131) of error detector (120), wherein, error code (131) indication selected to specify on first webpage (600) of second webpage link (601) afterwards, described second webpage is not sent to described web browser;
Be used for responding so that be sent to contextual analysis device (241,242 with the relevant information (232) of described first webpage (600) to receiving error code (131); 341,342; 741) device.
38, error code receiver as claimed in claim 37, wherein, described error code receiver is used for making information be sent to the contextual analysis device by HTTP redirection response (331) is sent to web browser (110).
39, a kind of card module (211) that is used for web browser (110), wherein, described card module comprises as claim 37 or 38 described error code receivers.
40, the device that is combined to form of a kind of card module as claimed in claim 39 and web browser (110).
41, a kind of be used for acting server act on behalf of adapter (311), described card module comprises as claim 37 or 38 described error code receivers.
42, a kind of device that is combined to form of acting on behalf of adapter and acting server (301) as claimed in claim 41.
43, a kind of server (811) is used to revise the behavior of acting server (801), and described server comprises:
Communicator is used for message transfer between described server (811) and acting server (801);
As claim 37 or 38 described error code receivers, be used to analyze message, to determine whether message comprises error code (131).
44, server as claimed in claim 43 comprises:
If be used to measure the length of the length of message and described message surpass threshold value and described message comprise error code make with described first webpage (600) be sent to contextual analysis device (241,242 for information about; 341,343; 741) device.
45, a kind of server (811) is used to revise the behavior of acting server (801), and described server comprises:
Communicator is used for message transfer between described server (811) and acting server (801);
Error detector is used to analyze the message that produces owing to the link (601) on first webpage (600) of having selected to specify second webpage, and is used for generation error code when second webpage can't be sent to web browser;
As claim 37 or 38 described error code receivers, be used to receive error code from described error detector.
46, server as claimed in claim 45, wherein, described error detector comprises timer device, described counter device is used for determining whether described second webpage spends the long time and be sent to described web browser.
47, as claim 43 or 45 described servers, wherein, described communicator is used to transmit ICAP message.
48, as claim 43 or 45 described servers, comprise the communicator that communicates with dns server.
49, as claim 43 or 45 described servers, comprise the communicator that communicates with the webserver.
50, a kind of server as claimed in claim 43 and device as the combined formation of server of claim 45
51, a kind of error handler (411) that is used for the webserver (420), wherein, described error handler comprises as claim 37 or 38 described error code receivers.
52, the device that is combined to form of a kind of error handler as claimed in claim 51 (411) and the webserver (420).
53, a kind of DNS adapter that is used for dns server, wherein, described DNS adapter comprises as claim 37 or 38 described error code receivers.
54, the device that is combined to form of a kind of DNS adapter as claimed in claim 53 and dns server.
55, a kind of contextual analysis device (241,242; 341,343; 741), be used for: selected to specify on first webpage (600) of second webpage link (601) afterwards, not with described second webpage when the webserver is sent to web browser,
Reception is from described error code receiver (211; 311; 411; 811) the information (232) relevant with described first webpage (600); Analyze the content of described first webpage (600), to determine the information (602) with the context-sensitive of described link the (601); Set up the tabulation (503) of one or more webpages based on described contextual information (602); And described tabulation is sent to the response maker.
56, a kind of assist server (240; 340; 440; 740), comprise contextual analysis device as claimed in claim 55.
57, assist server as claimed in claim 56 comprises response maker (143), and wherein, described response maker (143) is used for generating response (500) based on described tabulation, and is used for described response is sent to web browser.
58, a kind of method that provides user interface to the user said method comprising the steps of:
The webpage that detects by the web browser request can't be sent to described web browser, and this is responded, the generation error code;
Receive described error code, and this responded,
Analysis is by the context of the described webpage of described web browser request, thus the tabulation of setting up the interested one or more webpages of user's possibility, and
Generate response based on described tabulation, and with described responding communication to the user.
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| CN104168316A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2014-11-26 | 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 | Webpage access control method and gateway |
| US11176312B2 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2021-11-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Managing content of an online information system |
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| CN101763293B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-12-14 | 北京数码大方科技有限公司 | Processing method and device of error message |
| CN102456063A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-05-16 | 奇智软件（北京）有限公司 | Webpage access error correction method and system |
| US10025760B2 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2018-07-17 | Ebay Inc. | Mapping page states to URLs |
| CN104899308A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Method and device for information recommendation under fault in browser page |
| CN107566420B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-04-14 | 深信服科技股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for positioning host infected by malicious code |
| WO2024060106A1 (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Providing web pages with generated content in response to uniform resource locator based penetration attacks |
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| US6742030B1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2004-05-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method to keep a persistent trace of weblink use per user |
| US6202087B1 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2001-03-13 | Ofer Gadish | Replacement of error messages with non-error messages |
| US6594697B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2003-07-15 | Microsoft Corporation | Client system having error page analysis and replacement capabilities |
| AU2002364168A1 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-06-30 | Stargazer Foundation, Inc. | System and method for disseminating knowledge over a global computer network |
| US20060053213A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2006-03-09 | Robert Seeman | Method of handling web page requests from a browser |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104168316A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2014-11-26 | 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 | Webpage access control method and gateway |
| CN104168316B (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2019-01-11 | 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 | A kind of Webpage access control method, gateway |
| US11176312B2 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2021-11-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Managing content of an online information system |
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| GB0416405D0 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| PT1706832E (en) | 2008-03-06 |
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| GB0501851D0 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| GB2421322A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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