CN101098670B - 电激活的电弹性压紧绷带 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于支承身体肢部如腿的弹性绷带,这种绷带用来克服由于静脉曲张、血管闭锁不全、怀孕等等而发生的关于流体停滞和腿部中的肿胀的问题。本发明的任务是提供一种用于身体肢部如腿的主动支承件,其能由人在衣服下面使用,且不会减少病人的移动性。该任务这样得到解决,弹性绷带包括用于包围身体肢部的弹性层以对肢部施加压紧力,绷带至少部分地由弹性体致动元件形成,由此压紧力的电控制是可能的,和其中控制由来自一些检测系统的信号引起。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于支承身体肢部如腿的弹性绷带,这种绷带用来克服由于静脉曲张、血管闭锁不全、怀孕等等而发生的关于流体停滞和腿部中的肿胀的问题。
背景技术
用来克服所述问题的护腿长袜在许多变型中是已知的,且在市场上具有许多样型号和尺寸。然而,它们全部是被动的,这意味着它们被生产成具有规定的弹性,规定的弹性将随着时间延续而减小。通常,护腿长袜能使用大约6个月,此后它们会失去它们大部分的弹性。
可充气的护腿长袜也是已知的,它们能将调节好的压紧力加到身体肢部如腿上,气压装置将长袜中的每个隔间充气到规定的压力水平,该压力保持规定的时期。然而,这种类型的长袜仅仅可用于受控的环境中,象医院或在长期患病的病人的家中,并且其仅仅在病人处于静止位置中的时期内使用。
可以将所有这些类型的长袜称为被动的,因为除了由于磨损而失去弹性之外,它们还供给不变的预定压紧力。如果能以某些方式控制压紧力,则能获得好处。这是在专利文件US6123681中的情况,其中长袜包含这种类型的聚合物,如果受到一些刺激,优选地是电的刺激,该聚合物就收缩。通过将聚合物分成每个都被单独控制的多个条带,可以沿着长袜的长度顺序产生压紧力以刺激流体,如血液流动。然后,能以某种方式给产生刺激的电源编程序,比如使单个的聚合物条带以一个循环的顺序收缩。
本发明的任务是提供一种用于身体肢部如腿的主动支承件,其能由人在衣服下面使用,并将减少病人的移动性,以便建立在长袜中的致动元件能以双向通信的方式工作,其中刺激响应于长袜本身的实际状态,致动元件也作为传感器工作。另一种可能性是响应来自一些外部传感器的信号进行刺激,外部传感器可能记录心率、血流、体温、由于汗引起的长袜下的潮湿或其它参数。作为示例,能以这样一种方式使长袜的致动与心率同步,即在心脏收缩期间使长袜放松以允许动脉中的血液自由流动,而在心脏舒张期间发生收缩以便刺激静脉中的血液蠕动流动。该任务这样得到解决,弹性绷带包括用于包围身体肢部的弹性层以对肢部施加压紧力,其中绷带至少部分地由弹性体致动元件形成,压紧力的电控制是可能的。
弹性体致动器最近变得已知,其以不同的方式存在且基于不同的原理。从专利文件DE10054247中知道一个这样的弹性体致动器类型,其中在每侧上将电极提供给波纹状的弹性体芯部,弹性体芯部以薄层形式汽化到基本上整个芯部材料上。电极依随着芯部的波纹,由此在横过波纹的方向上提供比沿着波纹的方向上更高的可变形性,这称为顺从电极或机械的各向异性。如果高可变形性的方向是包围肢部的方向,则将这种弹性体元件放到绷带里面或作为绷带的一部分将提供一种可电控制的弹性绷带。弹性体致动元件具有这样的能力,即当施加电压时,它们扩展它们的长度,而不象专利文件US6123681,其中聚合物在受到刺激的影响时收缩。
在后面,将致动元件理解为能由于一些刺激而起反应的任何弹性件,刺激优选的是电的刺激,将弹性体致动元件理解为如上所述的任何这种系统,其包括在顶侧和底侧上具有电极的弹性体。
在本发明的一个实施例中,绷带能形成为穿在肢部上的长袜。由此实现了,能将绷带制造为具有与肢部相对应的形状,在一个非电控制的状态下,压紧力相等地布置在由绷带包围的整个肢部上。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,绷带能形成为被环绕在肢部上的薄片。由此实现了,仅仅在压紧力控制作为另外的特征的情况下,能将绷带用作关于任何人和关于任何肢部的普通绷带。另外能实现,就象运动员用作膝支持器的长袜那样,能通过Velcro TM的带子或拉链容易地穿上打开的长袜,Velcro TM的带子或拉链将被适当地放在长袜上以允许容易地穿上长袜。该容易穿上的长袜在专利文件US5520630中披露,可是没有用电的压紧力控制。
在本发明的一个具体实施例中,与专利文件US6123681中一样,绷带包括单独的可控弹性体致动元件,其在所述绷带包围着肢部时沿着肢部形成,由此产生了沿着肢部进行蠕动运动的可能性。单独的可控弹性体致动元件将具有这样的效果,即在对所有其它区域不具有任何影响的情况下,每个包括一个单独元件的小区域是可控的。这样,以一个接一个的方式控制所有的元件将产生沿着绷带的蠕动运动,从而产生沿着肢部的蠕动运动。
能进一步实现本发明的目的,其中用于将压紧力加到身体肢部的系统包括如前所述的弹性绷带和控制单元,控制单元电连接到在每个单独的可控弹性体致动元件上的电极。
在本发明的一个实施例中,系统还可包括能产生信号的传感器,所述信号代表通过身体肢部的血液循环或一些其它参数,如体度或长袜下的发汗。由此实现了,控制单元能测量来自绷带的肢部上的压紧力,能获得压紧力控制。
优选地,控制单元能将可调节的电压供给到每个单独的可控弹性体致动元件上的电极。由此能实现每个元件的压紧力控制。
控制单元根据每个单独的可控弹性体致动元件的电容调节电压可能是优选的。由此实现了,每个弹性体元件上的两个电极之间的压紧力是可感觉的,从而是可控的,这意味着取决于肢部在一天中的体积变化,肢部上的压紧力一般来说是可感觉的。
在本发明的一个特定实施例中,控制单元能调节电压以便获得每个单独的可控弹性体致动元件的给定电容。在另外的特定实施例中,能参照传感器调节给定的电容,由此参照通过身体肢部的血液循环调节弹性绷带的压紧力。这将提供一种绷带系统,对于血液循环来说能使其最优化,所以将最大压力施加到肢部,而不会妨碍在来自心脏的方向上向肢部之后的身体器官的血液循环。
附图说明
现在已经概括地描述了本发明,将参考附图披露本发明的一个具体实施例,在附图中:
图1表示一个带有控制单元和传感器的绷带的原理图,该绷带包围由虚线指示的身体肢部;
图2表示一个绷带的另一个原理图,该绷带由单独的可控的弹性体元件制成;
图3表示一个波纹状的弹性体元件的原理图;以及
图4表示另一个波纹状的弹性体元件的原理图。
具体实施方式
图3表示波纹状的弹性体制动器1,其中波纹2具有正方形形状。波纹在所示的坐标系的Y方向上延伸,而X方向横穿波纹地延伸。单独的电极已经被汽化到顶面3和底面4上,由此能在两个电极之间施加电场。当两个电极由于电场而被朝着彼此推动时,将在Z方向上挤压弹性体芯部材料,由于体积不变,弹性体芯部材料将在Z方向上增长,导致在X方向上、Y方向上或X方向和Y方向上的增长。然而,与电极结合的波纹可在X方向上进行比Y方向上大得多的变形,因而,将仅仅在X方向上增长,以前将这称为顺从电极或机械的各向异性。
成形为正方形的波纹只是一个例子,在图4中,显示了波浪形的波纹。然而,原理是相同的,该结构具有顺从电极或机械的各向异性。
图3或4中的一个元件能提供的力和位移,当然该力和位移取决于材料和电场水平。从专利文件US5977685已知可将更多的元件层叠在一起,元件的层叠的叠垛也能提供取决于叠垛中的元件数量的力和位移,这意味着能获得很大范围内的力和位移。
在图1中表示了本发明的一个实施例,其中一个长袜8包围身体肢部7,例如腿的下部。该长袜由象图3和4中那样的弹性体致动器制成,所有致动器的电极平行地连接在该长袜内部,只有两个电极10从该长袜引向控制单元9。该控制单元包括电池,通过电池将电场施加到所有致动器的电极。通过控制从控制单元9供给到电极的电压水平来控制电场水平,根据来自传感器11的信号控制电压水平,传感器11通过连接件线12将一个与通过肢部7的血液循环相对应的信号传递给该控制单元。
图2表示本发明的一个特定实施例。长袜18包围着肢部7,且弹性体致动器设置于带子13、14、15等等中,每个带子13、14、15可由一个图2中未示出的控制单元单独控制,这意味着通过将压紧力一个接一个地加到带子上,能简单地获得在由箭头16所示的方向上的蠕动运动。作为示例,应该将压紧力加到带子15上,然后加到带子14上,然后加到带子13上等等。
Claims (10)
1.一种弹性绷带,用于包围身体肢部以对所述肢部施加压紧力,所述弹性绷带包括致动元件,所述致动元件通过电刺激在它们的压紧力上是可控的,其中所述压紧力一般来说至少是可感觉的,从而所述致动元件能以双向通信的方式工作,也作为它们自己的压紧力的实际状态的传感器工作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,所述绷带至少部分地由所述致动元件形成,其中所述致动元件在受到刺激而致动时将减小压紧力。
3.根据权利要求1所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,所述绷带至少部分地由弹性体致动元件形成,所述弹性体致动元件在顶面和底面上包含电极,所述压紧力的电控制是可能的。
4.根据权利要求3所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,所述弹性体致动元件的顶面和底面是波纹状的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,所述致动元件设置于所述绷带的带子中。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的弹性绷带,其还包括调节所述致动元件的所述压紧力的控制单元,其中所述控制单元根据每个可控制的致动元件的实际状态调节所述压紧力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,所述控制单元能将单个的可调节刺激供给到每个单独的致动元件。
8.根据权利要求6所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,改变电容实施所述压紧力的所述调节。
9.根据权利要求8所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,来自所述控制单元的信号是电压。
10.根据权利要求9所述的弹性绷带,其特征在于,所述控制单元调节所述信号,以便保持每个单独的可控制的致动元件的规定的不变电容。
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EP (1) | EP1596794B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101098670B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE398988T1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE602004014592D1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1596794T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2309502T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004093763A1 (zh) |
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- 2004-02-24 AT AT04714272T patent/ATE398988T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-24 US US10/546,514 patent/US7868221B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-24 ES ES04714272T patent/ES2309502T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-24 CN CN2004800050772A patent/CN101098670B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-24 EP EP04714272A patent/EP1596794B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
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US20060079824A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
US7868221B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 |
ES2309502T3 (es) | 2008-12-16 |
DK1596794T3 (da) | 2008-10-27 |
WO2004093763A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
EP1596794B1 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
DE602004014592D1 (zh) | 2008-08-07 |
EP1596794A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
CN101098670A (zh) | 2008-01-02 |
ATE398988T1 (de) | 2008-07-15 |
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