CN101248415A - 利用机器翻译和翻译记忆库的电子服务翻译 - Google Patents
利用机器翻译和翻译记忆库的电子服务翻译 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了利用机器翻译和翻译记忆库的电子服务翻译。提供了一种将数据从源语言翻译成目标语言的系统和方法,其中将机器生成的源语句目标翻译与人生成的目标语句的数据库进行比较。如果发现匹配的人生成的目标语句,则因为和机器生成的语句相比,人生成的目标语句更可能是结构良好语句,所以可以使用该人生成的目标语句来代替该机器生成的语句。该系统和方法不依赖于包含源语言和目标语言语句对的翻译记忆库,并且使得对需要人类翻译者来校正通过机器翻译而生成的翻译的依赖最小化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种至少部分地翻译数据并帮助完成翻译处理的系统和方法。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种用于翻译数据的系统和方法,其包括待翻译数据源、连接到该数据源的网络、连接到该网络的翻译源以及连接到该网络的门户系统(portal system),该门户系统用于检索待翻译数据以及至少部分地翻译该数据。
背景技术
该系统和方法通过结合翻译记忆库(translation memory)和机器翻译(尤其是基于实例的机器翻译(EBMT))来翻译数据。
另外,该系统和方法将源语言语句和目标语言语句存储在翻译记忆库中,而不管这些语句是否与另一语言的相应语句相匹配。
目前,存在用在翻译者的工作站上的个别翻译记忆库工具。这种翻译辅助物逐个单词地分析文档,将每个新文档当作全新的项目。这种系统受制于低下的效率,原因在于它们没有考虑到在文档中出现的冗余、一个文档与先前翻译的文档的相似性,并且没有提供实现团队协作或使客户参与翻译处理的手段。
因此,需要提供一种集中式翻译数据库,通过该数据库可以利用先前的翻译来至少部分地翻译待翻译的新文档。还需要使翻译客户参与循环处理,通过获得对翻译工作的中间认可,作为翻译项目的进展。
在企业能够利用使用全球计算机网络(互联网)的世界性市场的时代,这些企业能够容易地用多种语言招揽业务很重要。因此,许多企业希望将它们的网页翻译为多种语言,从而使它们能够在许多不同的市场招揽业务。因此,高度需要一种能够上传网页并以多种语言对其进行复制的系统。此外,同样高度需要多种语言。此外,因为任一网页的语言的大部分与其他网页的类似,所以还希望利用先前翻译的网页的翻译来协助其他网页的翻译。通过这种安排,不管是翻译网页还是其他文档,本发明都减少了翻译者的工作量。
此外,优选的是,设计一种不依赖于包含源语言和目标语言语句对的翻译记忆库的系统和方法。还优选的是,得到一种翻译系统和方法,其使得对需要人类翻译者来校正通过机器翻译(MT)而生成的翻译的依赖最小化。
尽管通过利用先前翻译的文档和材料来减少翻译者的工作量是有利的,但是希望通过实现如下的系统来进一步减少翻译者的工作量,通过该系统将源语句的至目标语言的机器生成的翻译与人生成的目标语句的数据库进行比较。这样,因为与机器生成的语句相比,人生成的目标语句更可能是结构良好(well-formed)语句,所以如果发现人生成的目标语句,则可以使用人生成的目标语句来替代机器生成的语句。
基于实例的机器翻译(EBMT)是比机器翻译更加语言无关的方法。基于实例的机器翻译以比在机器翻译中所采用的语句更小的数据为单位进行工作。基于实例的机器翻译使用双语语料库(bilingual corpus)不仅针对语句,而且还针对短语甚至单词进行从源语言至目标语言的匹配。如果没有发现与源语句匹配的目标语句,则可以根据在存储在翻译记忆库中的不同语句中已翻译的短语来构建目标语句。尽管基于良定义域实例的机器翻译可以检索到正确的术语和短语,但是其在产生结构良好语句方面仍存在问题。
发明内容
提供了一种用于翻译数据的系统。该翻译系统包括要翻译的数据源以及连接至该数据源的网络。该系统还包括连接至该网络的翻译源以及连接至该网络的用于检索待翻译数据的门户系统。该门户系统包括至少部分地翻译该数据的系统,以及用于将至少部分地被翻译的数据发送到所述翻译源以完成对所述数据的翻译的系统。
根据另一方面,提供了一种用于翻译通过全球计算机网络电子地发送的数据的系统。该系统包括连接至全球计算机网络的至少一个用户终端,所述至少一个用户终端用于通过其发送和接收用户相关数据。该系统还包括连接至全球计算机网络的至少一个售方终端,所述至少一个售方终端用于通过其发送和接收售方相关数据。该系统包括连接至全球计算机网络的第一计算机,该第一计算机用于通过全球计算机网络与所述至少一个用户终端交换用户相关数据以及与所述至少一个售方终端交换售方相关数据。提供了一种文件存储器,该文件存储器连接至所述第一计算机,用于存储表示要从所述至少一个用户终端发送的文档的用户相关的当前文档数据。提供了第二计算机,该第二计算机连接至所述第一计算机和所述文件存储器,用于至少部分地翻译所述当前文档数据。该系统还包括连接至所述第二计算机的、由先前输入的文档数据和相关联的已翻译文档数据构成的数据库。所述第二计算机对当前文档数据和先前输入的文档数据进行比较,以将当前文档数据与数据库中对应的已翻译文档数据进行匹配,从而形成当前文档数据的至少部分翻译。将所述至少部分翻译发送给所述第一计算机,并且从该第一计算机发送给所述至少一个售方终端以完成对当前文档数据的翻译,并将该完成的翻译上传到所述第一计算机。所述第一计算机包括用于向所述至少一个用户终端和所述第二计算机发送完成的翻译的系统。所述第二计算机包括用于向所述数据库添加当前文档数据和完成的翻译的系统。
为了克服基于实例的机器翻译的限制,本系统和方法可以在翻译记忆库中存储源语言语句和目标语言语句,而不管这些语句是否配对。在极端情况下,该翻译记忆库仅包含源语言语句和目标语言语句的巨大集合,其中所有语句都没有配对在一起。在接收到源数据时,本发明的系统和方法将搜索翻译记忆库。如果在翻译记忆库中未发现匹配,则访问所述机器翻译。然后,所述机器翻译将生成目标语句。该目标语句可能具有正确的术语和短语,但该目标语句很可能结构欠佳。该系统和方法不是将该目标语句提供给人类翻译者进行改正,而是利用翻译记忆库的匹配能力寻找相似的目标语句。可以针对翻译记忆库中的所有可获得目标语句执行该搜索,即使这些语句没有与对应的源语言语句配对也没有关系。如果发现了良好匹配,则该系统和方法将选择该语句来代替机器生成的语句。然后将该语句发送给人类翻译者进行最终检查。
附图说明
在结合附图(作为示例包括在本文中,而并非作为针对要求保护的本发明的限制)阅读时,将更好地理解本发明的前述概要以及以下对优选实施方式的详细描述。
图1是本发明的体系结构概略图;
图2是例示了本发明的框图;
图3是例示了本发明的翻译和管理体系结构的框图;
图4是本发明的翻译记忆库体系结构的示图;
图5是表示本发明的翻译处理的流程图;
图6是例示了本发明的定单处理的流程图;
图7是例示了本发明的词汇表翻译处理的流程图;
图8是例示了本发明的文档翻译处理的流程图;
图9是例示了本发明的冗余翻译处理的流程图;
图10是本发明的定单提交处理的示图;
图11是本发明的翻译定单分配处理的示图;
图12是本发明的定单完成流程的示图;
图13是例示了词汇表创建处理的流程图;
图14是本发明的文本比较处理的示图;以及
图15是例示了根据本发明另一实施方式的结合了机器翻译和翻译记忆库的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种语言翻译系统方法,该语言翻译系统方法可以被实现为全球计算机/通信网络上的门户,并将先进翻译技术与人类翻译者相结合以实现成本效益好的多语言电子商务能力。
在图1至图4中,例示了系统1000。系统1000提供了在互联网上实现的语言门户。多个客户2通过全球计算机网络(互联网)6访问翻译服务器网络8。如将在以下段落中进一步描述的,通过内联网,利用多语言翻译数据库20的本地化引擎18、离线翻译者4和/或在线翻译者26至少部分自动地翻译用户2提交给翻译服务器网络8的文档。
考虑系统1000的操作,一个或更多个用户2使用Web浏览器等类型的软件通过全球计算机网络6访问Web服务器10。电子服务翻译门户(ETP)10允许用户2建立翻译项目,并将ETP和流程数据存储在流程数据库14中,用于为客户的待翻译文档建立工作流程,还有向管理员22和流程设计者24提供报告。随着客户数量的增加,使另外的服务器16在线。将待翻译的客户文档存储在文件系统存储器12中。随后通过本地化引擎18对存储在文件系统存储器12中的文档进行处理,其中按文件类型(即,HTML、GIF、多种文字处理器中的任一种、文本或电子表格文件类型)来识别文档。接下来,将该文件分为可翻译串和不可翻译串,并将其存储在翻译数据库20中。一旦识别出文件中的可翻译串,则将其与先前翻译的串进行比较以寻找已翻译过的相似串。如果一个串与一个以上的先前翻译的串匹配,则将客户的此时要翻译的串与具有最高使用频率的先前翻译、或者最新或用户指定的单个或多个先前翻译版本中的先前翻译相匹配。将该部分翻译的文档也存储在翻译数据库20中。
然后,根据针对具体客户2建立的工作流程设计,通过在线翻译者26或离线翻译者4来完成对该部分翻译了的文档的翻译。该工作流程设计可以指定客户2所约定的具体翻译者4、26。售方(翻译者)针对其工作指定每单位的价格。该单位可以基于要翻译的字数、小时数等。客户根据多个标准来选择售方,这些标准包括但不限于简历、证明书、客户评级、量、位置、专门知识等,这些信息是通过服务器10传送给客户2的。
客户通过互联网向翻译服务器网络提交多个项目,其中利用Web服务器/ETP 10和数据库14来提供对项目的度量。自动估计项目的大小并将其分解为某数量的单位。然后,根据单位的数量和该售方每单位的费用,通过服务器10向客户提供报价,该报价还可以包括计划和增量费用。另选的是,可以输入该项目以供投标,客户向一选择列表的售方提交其项目,从这些售方接收报价。
在客户接收到并同意报价后,客户向售方发送合同以进行工作。然后所选的售方电子地执行该合同以接受该项目。售方从翻译服务器网络8接收经部分翻译的项目这一事实降低了翻译服务的成本。使用经互联网至翻译服务器网络8的连接的客户可以跟踪项目的进展、指导中期审阅、提供中期认可,以及通过使用日志文件可访问审计线索(audit trail)。
现在参照图2,其从另一个角度示出了系统1000。客户利用浏览器来提交作为HTML页28的一部分的翻译作业,来实现通过网络6对Web服务器/ETP 10的访问。售方通过基于浏览器的工具30、32和34来访问待翻译文档。Web服务器/ETP 10与多语言应用服务器38进行通信,该服务器10接收文件并向客户发送文件,而应用服务器38创建项目、创建定单、检查可翻译串并将其存储在翻译数据库20中。应用服务器38包括图1的服务器16、数据库14、本地化引擎18和文件系统12。服务器10和38的功能可以实现在单个计算机或多个计算机的网络上。多语言应用服务器38通过内联网64(该网络位于图1所示的翻译服务器网络8内部)与多语言翻译记忆库数据库20通信。还可以通过可以访问所述数据库的第三方语言分析应用48,对存储在翻译数据库20中的可翻译串进行处理。翻译记忆库数据库20还可由在线翻译者26通过内联网64进行访问。
参照图3,其示出了用于实现输入文档的翻译的软件体系结构。存储在文件系统存储器12中的文件可以是多种不同的文本文档或图形格式52a、52b和52c中的任一种。本地化引擎18利用应用54a来解释这些不同格式的文档,并利用在线管理器和编辑器例程54b来处理这些文档。对这些文档的处理是与开放系统多语言库56协作地进行的,并且本地化引擎18通过使用开放协议的应用程序接口(API)66与翻译数据库20通信。
参照图4,其例示了翻译记忆库的体系结构。翻译数据库20存储有分别包括要翻译的对应串102、104、106以及要翻译的对应串110、112、114、116的多个项目100、108。在该示图中,例示了在计算机程序中使用的菜单(menu)。在存储器中还存储有具有对应的已翻译(法语)串132、134、136以及140、142、144、146的已翻译项目130和138。提供了数据库文本表120,该数据库文本表120包括用于在翻译数据库20中寻找文本的指针。表120中的各条目120a至120n包括指示具体项目的ID、文本的语言、文本本身和引用计数,该引用计数表示利用该同一文本的不同项目的数量。因此,文本“open file”102和112在表120中被归于单个条目120a。类似地,翻译的法语文本“ouvrir fichier”132和142被类似地归于单个数据库条目120b中。
在文本包括某些其他项目n中的已翻译术语的情况下,该文本被认为是先前条目的子集。因此,文本“open file”被认为是文本“open file toload data”的子集,因此条目120n将包括指向表条目120a的引用。通过该安排,可以从先前翻译的串“open file”中获得串“open file to load data”的一部分。因而,简化了翻译过程并减少了数据库开销。通过对翻译数据库20进行维护,因为每个先前已翻译的串都不需要由翻译者进行重复,所以自动翻译系统使用得越多就变得越鲁棒。因此多个客户和售方可以通过互联网共享翻译数据库20。本地化引擎18在数据库中搜索过去的翻译。识别匹配或部分匹配的翻译,并将其添加到要提供给翻译售方4、26的文件中。
在考虑会利用该系统的一类客户时,可以清楚地看到该系统提供的优点。例如,希望以多种语言复制其网站的网站所有者是将会从系统1000获益的客户。在大多数网站中出现的文本有50%到60%是冗余的。因此,因为可以自动翻译在网站的给定HTML文件中出现的冗余文本串,不需要售方翻译者的服务,所以将会节省进行翻译所需的至少50%到60%的时间和金钱。因此,随着时间的流逝,系统1000的用户将越来越多地通过该系统的扩展的知识数据库获益。
图5示出了流程设计者24建立的翻译处理工作流程的实施例。该处理在200处开始,接着转到判定框202,在其中确定是否需要词汇表。词汇表是在文档中出现的长短语的集合。在某些情况下,客户可能已具有上传的词汇表;而在其他情况下,必须创建词汇表。在有多个翻译者对一个项目进行工作的情况下,词汇表是特别有用的。一个翻译者翻译该词汇表,然后在客户或与该客户签约的审阅者审阅并同意后,可以将该词汇表分发给所有翻译者。使用词汇表确保了在客户的单个项目或多个项目的所有文件中一致地翻译共有术语。本发明提供了对默认词汇表和定制词汇表二者的创建。当创建默认词汇表时,自动提取串,串因此是项目所特有的。可以创建定制词汇表,以跨项目、公司部门或整个公司地对术语进行标准化。用户可以创建所需要的那么多的词汇表。这些词汇表并非用于自动翻译项目,而是被给予对客户的一个或多个项目进行工作的所有翻译者,以向所有翻译者给予相同的措辞,以供在他们各自的翻译中使用。词汇表的共有措辞的使用保持了高度一致性。
如果需要词汇表,则流程转到框204,在框204启动词汇表生成处理。流程从框204转到判定框206以确定是否存在冗余数据。如果存在冗余数据,则流程转到框208,在框208启动冗余处理。因此,对文本串的引用计数进行扫描,并且仅需翻译冗余组中的一个串。离开框208,在框210启动实际的文档翻译处理,并在框212生成翻译文档。流程从框212转到框214,在框214对文本文档进行更改,例如,改变文档的字体大小和格式。流程从框214转到框216,在框216客户对该文档进行检查。流程从那里转到框218,在框218接收客户的最终认可。流程从框218转到框220,在框220确定是否已经最终审阅了所述文档。如果已经审阅,则流程转到框226,在框226对客户进行记账。如果最终审阅尚未完成,则流程转到检查文档的框222,并且如果发现了问题,则流程转回到框214以再次循环经过该循环。如果不存在问题,或者已经修复了问题,则流程从框222转到框224,在框224根据需要对文档进行更新。流程从框224转到框226,在框226对客户进行记账。流程从框226转到框228,从而向父处理(例如,图6所示的定单处理)指示:工作流程完成。
在图6中,示出了定单处理。从开始框250开始,流程转到框252。在框252,向将要在框254创建的项目分配账户管理器。在框254中,项目和版本(哪种语言)由客户创建,并且可包括工作流程设计的创建(图5)。流程从框254转到判定框256,在框256确定是否正确地创建了所述项目和版本。如果是,则流程转到框260,否则流程转到框258,在框258,分配的账户管理器检查并修复所述项目和/或版本。流程从框258转到框260。在框260,根据文档的文件格式调用应用编程接口66和适当的应用54A来提取可翻译串。流程从框260转到判定框262,在判定框262确定是否已经从文档中完全提取了所述串。如果已经完全提取了所述串,则流程转到框266。如果没有,则流程转到框264,在框264账户管理器检查所述文档,并修复阻止完全提取可翻译串的任何问题。流程从框264转到框266,在框266确定要向客户提供多少种目标语言,从而能够进行适当次数的原始文件复制。流程从框266转到判定框268,在框268确定是否需要词汇表。如果不需要词汇表,则流程转到框278。另一方面,如果需要词汇表,则流程转到判定框270,在判定框270确定客户是否提供了词汇表。如果客户提供了词汇表,则流程转到框274,在框274导入该词汇表,然后流程转到框278。然而,如果没有提供词汇表,则流程转到框272,在框272创建词汇表。在创建词汇表之后,流程转到框276,在框276由客户审阅该词汇表。流程从框276转到框278,在框278客户针对各目标文件选择翻译者和审阅者(通常是两个不同的人)。在框278选择了售方之后,流程转到框280,在框280客户确认定单。流程从框280转到判定框284,在判定框284确定是否已确认定单。如果尚未确认,则流程转到框282,在框282所述账户管理器修复获得定单确认时的问题。在某些情况下,客户可能希望将其项目翻译成特定数量的目标语言(例如,10种),但是针对该翻译量的最终费用可能导致报价费用超出客户预算。因此,该客户可能不得不缩小其定单的范围或寻找提供更低花费的新售方。一旦在框282中修复了该问题,则流程转回到框280,从而重复获得定单确认的循环。在确认了定单后,流程从框284转到框286,在框286启动翻译处理。该翻译处理是图5的流程图,因此图6的处理是图5中所公开处理的父处理。因此,在图6的框286中提供了在图5的框228中提供的通知。离开框286,处理在框288处结束。
图7是在图5的框204中启动的词汇表翻译处理的流程图。该流程从开始框300转到框302,在框302翻译者4从Web服务器10下载词汇表。向所选择的售方4发送向其通知词汇表准备好供下载的电子邮件消息,并经由基于Web的文件传输机制(包括但不限于文件传输协议(FTP))提供超级链接,该超级链接指向识别可下载所述词汇表的站点的网页。流程从框302转到框304,在框304售方将该词汇表翻译成期望的目标语言。流程从框304转到框306,在框306向客户提供已翻译的词汇表以供客户审阅。为了保证客户同意该翻译,设置一循环,该循环开始于判定框308,在判定框308确定客户是否认可已翻译的词汇表。如果客户不认可,则流程转到框310,在框310售方修复客户指出的问题。流程从框310转到框306,从而允许客户审阅售方作出的改正。一旦客户认可了该词汇表,则流程转到框312,在框312将已翻译的词汇表附于(关联于)待翻译文档。流程从框312转到框314,在框314通知图5所示的父处理:词汇表翻译处理已完成。离开框314,处理在框316处结束。
图5的框210启动了文档翻译处理。在图8中例示了该处理的流程图。该流程从图8的开始框320转到框322,在框322向售方发送描述待翻译文档的网站位置的电子邮件消息,从而使该售方可以检查该文档。然后,流程转到框324,在框324翻译者下载该文档以进行离线翻译。然后,流程转到框326,在框326翻译者对该文档进行翻译。随后,当完成翻译时,流程转到框328,在框328转发(上传)已翻译的文档以供审阅。向审阅者发送表示翻译准备好供审阅的电子邮件。然后,流程转到框330,在框330审阅者下载已翻译的文档。在下载该文档之后,流程转到框332,在框332审阅者对所有已翻译的文档进行审阅,并进行任何必要的改正。流程从框332转到框334,在框334检查经审阅的文档,尤其检查改正。可以由第二审阅者执行这种二次审阅。然后,流程从框334转到框336,在框336将经审阅的翻译文档上传至Web服务器10。然后,流程转到框338,在框338向父处理(图5的框210)通知翻译处理已完成。然后该处理在停止框340处结束。
现在参照图9,其示出了图5的框208启动的冗余串翻译处理。该流程从开始框350转到框352,在框352翻译者下载冗余串。流程从框352转到框354,在框354翻译者对已被识别为在文档中多次重复出现的串进行翻译。流程从框354转到框356,在框356审阅者(通常为单独个体)审阅翻译的串。流程从框356转到框358,在框358向父进程通知冗余串处理已完成,图5的框208中提供这种通知。离开框358,处理在框360处结束。
现在参照图10,其从另一个角度示出了定单提交处理。利用Web浏览器的客户2通过互联网6向实现在Web服务器10中的电子服务翻译门户提交定单。服务器10在位于存储器15内的文件系统中存储文档。存储器15包括图1所示的文件系统12和翻译数据库20。服务器10还启动由工作流程处理80执行的工作流程提取处理,以提取存储在存储器15的翻译记忆库数据库中的可翻译串。工作流程处理80还包括对先前翻译的重用,其中,在当前项目的可翻译串和先前处理过的串之间进行搜索,以在发现匹配时提供翻译。
在图11中,示出了翻译定单分配流程。工作流程处理80创建项目文件,并将其存储在存储器15的文件系统中。然后工作流程处理80向翻译者4发送电子邮件82。该电子邮件包含关于定单、下载位置、指向ETP页的超级链接的信息,该ETP页具有指向通过基于Web的文件传输机制(包括但不限于文件传输协议(FTP))来下载文件的互联网站点的链接。利用Web浏览器的翻译者4利用在电子邮件82中包含的超级链接,(例如,经由FTP)来浏览含有指向项目文件的Web下载链接的ETP网页。翻译者4使用浏览器从Web下载站点下载所述项目文件,然后调用本地翻译软件并继续执行翻译任务。
在完成翻译任务时,翻译者随后上传翻译的文档,在图12中例示了该处理。利用Web浏览器的翻译者4通过互联网6向ETP服务器10上传翻译的项目。服务器10将该项目保存在存储器15的文件系统中,并向工作流程处理80通知该文件已就绪。工作流程处理80根据审阅者是接受还是拒绝该翻译来处理流程。如果审阅者接受该项目文件,则工作流程处理80将该翻译的文档存储在存储器15内的翻译记忆库数据库中。最后,将翻译的文件提供给客户。为了完成该处理,工作流程处理80向客户发送电子邮件,该电子邮件包含关于定单、翻译的文档的下载位置、以及指向ETP页的超级链接的信息,该ETP页具有指向用于经由基于Web的文件传输机制(包括但不限于文件传输协议(FTP))来下载的所述项目文件(翻译的文档)的Web下载链接。利用其浏览器的客户使用所述超级链接来访问指向所述项目的Web下载链接,然后利用该链接来下载所述翻译的文件。
图13示出了用于创建默认词汇表的处理(图6的框272)。在图13中,流程开始于判定框400,在判定框400确定用户接口以及因而包括在该用户接口中的文本是否存在或者是否存在种子数据。种子数据是与初始软件安装一起提供的或者与具体行业相关以及具体行业所特有的术语列表。如果存在嵌入在用户接口中的文本或种子数据,则流程转到框402,在框402从该数据或用户接口中提取文本串以创建所称的类型1词汇表。如果没有提供用户接口或种子数据,或者在框402创建了类型1词汇表之后,流程转到框404,在框404使用语言引擎(例如,使用电子字典)来试验和匹配长短语,并创建类型2词汇表。流程从框404转到框406,在框406进一步将冗余串(具有多于一个的引用计数以及少于5个的单词的串)识别为类型3词汇表。流程从框406转到框408,在框408将三种类型的词汇表合并到一起并去除冗余。流程从框408转到框410,在框410将客户词汇表(如果提供了的话)导入系统中。
然后,流程转到框412,在框412将合并的词汇表与客户的词汇表进行比较以寻找任何冲突。如果发现冲突,则流程转到框414,在框414请求客户审阅所述冲突并对所生成的词汇表进行添加或改正。当然,该流程然后转回到父处理。
如先前所述,本发明的翻译数据库在降低售方所需的翻译工作量方面非常有效。作为示例,提供图14来例示利用翻译数据库进行的比较。因此,当将具有可翻译串110、112、114和116的待翻译新项目108输入到系统中时,将其与已提供的先前项目进行比较。匹配不需要精确,从而使得可以发现具有相同或相似串的另一项目。然后所述比较可以将具有串102、104和106的先前项目100识别为一紧密匹配。项目100和新项目108之间的区别是单个串110,因此针对项目100使用的翻译可再次用于项目108,仅需翻译剩余的串110即可。通过该处理,可以使必须外包的翻译工作量最小化。除了项目级匹配以外,系统1000还执行可翻译串级的搜索,以进一步减少人工翻译工作量。
在前述实施方式中,翻译者4起主要作用。如图14所示,前述实施方式通过利用数据串和先前翻译的对来改善翻译处理。一旦构建了翻译,翻译者4的任务就是审阅该翻译。当对于源串不存在对应的目标串时,翻译者的任务就是提供对该源串的翻译。图15所示的实施方式例示了一种不严重依赖于在图2和图3所示的翻译记忆库数据库20以及图11和图12所示的数据库15中形成源语言和目标语言语句对的方法。图15所示的实施方式例示了翻译系统的如下功能:最小化对需要人类翻译者4来校正通过机器翻译(MT)生成的翻译的依赖。
如前面参照图5所述的,在框210启动实际的文档翻译处理,并在框212生成翻译的文档。图15例示了该翻译处理的实施方式。该翻译处理在框500处开始。在框502输入用于翻译的源数据串。然后,在框504,系统在翻译记忆库中搜索具有对应的已翻译目标串的相似源串。在框506,如果找到匹配,则输出该目标串以在框520供翻译者4随后进行审阅。如果在判定框504未发现源串的匹配,则在框508将源串发送给机器翻译。
在框508,机器翻译产生目标串。该目标串是利用存储在翻译记忆库中的不同语句中已翻译的短语而生成的。以这种方式生成的目标串可能含有正确的术语和短语,但是有可能是结构不良的。不是将该目标串发送给翻译者4进行改正,而是在框510该系统在翻译记忆库中搜索匹配的目标串。可以针对所有可获得的目标语句执行在框508中进行的搜索,即使这些语句不与对应的源语言配对也没有关系。
在框508执行机器翻译时,可以使用基于实例的机器翻译。这种基于实例的机器翻译是比机器翻译更加语言无关的处理。基于实例的机器翻译可以针对比在机器翻译中使用的语句更小的数据单位进行工作。此外,基于实例的机器翻译使用双语语料库不仅针对语句,而且还针对短语甚至单词进行从源语言至目标语言的匹配。如果没有发现对应于源语句的目标语句,则可以根据存储在翻译记忆库中的不同语句中已翻译的短语来构建目标语句。尽管基于良定义域实例的机器翻译可以检索到正确的术语和短语,但是其在产生结构良好语句方面仍存在问题。
在判定框512,如果找到是良好匹配的目标语句,则因为该语句很可能是结构良好的人造语句,所以发送该语句以在框520供翻译者4审阅。另一方面,如果在框512没有发现良好匹配,则在框514给出在框508中形成的机器翻译,以在框520供翻译者4审阅。
通过图15所示的处理,由于输出了相对于很可能需要进行编辑的机器翻译语句的更加结构良好的语句这一事实,减轻了人类翻译者的工作。该系统在没有人类翻译者的情况下生成清楚可读的自动翻译。这很大程度上是由于以下事实:在框506中具有匹配的语句很可能是结构良好的人类语句,并且不是最初从框508立即输出该机器翻译,而是将该语句与存储器中的其他目标语句进行比较以尝试定位匹配的语句,该匹配的语句很可能是比该机器得出语句结构更良好的语句。
在图1至3、10和12所示的系统中,可以实现图15中所阐述的方法。此外,可以将图15所示的方法合并到图5所示的翻译处理中。
尽管通过示例示出了如本文所述的包括本发明的各方面的示例性系统和方法,但是当然应该理解,本发明并不限于这些实施方式。尤其根据前述教导,本领域的技术人员可以进行修改。例如,前述实施方式的各个要素可以单独使用或者与其他实施方式的要素结合使用。另外,在所附权利要求中指出了本发明的各方面;但是,这些权利要求都是示例性的,本发明旨在以任意组合或子组合来包括本文所述的要素和步骤。还应明白和理解的是,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以进行修改。
Claims (15)
1、一种用于将数据从源语言翻译成目标语言的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
输入要翻译的源数据;
在数据库中搜索与所输入的源数据相似的源串,所述源串具有对应的已翻译目标串;
如果发现了与所述输入的源数据串相似的所述源数据串,则输出所述对应的已翻译目标串,以供翻译者随后审阅;
如果未发现与所述输入的源数据串相似的所述源数据串,则对所述输入的源数据进行机器翻译;
在所述数据库中搜索与通过所述机器翻译而产生的目标串相匹配的目标串;
如果发现所述匹配的目标串,则发送所述匹配的目标串以供所述翻译者随后审阅;以及
如果在所述数据库中未发现针对所述机器翻译目标串的匹配,则发送所述机器翻译目标串以供所述翻译者随后审阅。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述数据库包括源数据串以及匹配的目标数据串。
3、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述机器翻译使用比语句小的数据单位。
4、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述机器翻译使用双语语料库将非语句、短语和单词从所述源语言匹配至所述目标语言。
5、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述数据库包括源数据串和目标数据串,所述源数据串和目标数据串是不匹配的。
6、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述数据库还包括不匹配的源数据串和目标数据串。
7、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述数据库包括源语言语句和目标语言语句的集合,其中所述源语言语句和所述目标语言语句都没有配对在一起。
8、一种用于将数据从源语言翻译成目标语言的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
输入要翻译的源数据;
在数据库中搜索与所输入的源数据相似的源串,所述源串具有对应的已翻译目标串,所述数据库包括匹配的源数据串和目标数据串以及不匹配的源数据串和目标数据串;
如果发现了与所述输入的源数据串相似的所述源数据串,则输出所述对应的已翻译目标串,以供翻译者随后审阅;
如果未发现与所述输入的源数据串相似的所述源数据串,则对所述输入的源数据进行机器翻译,其中所述机器翻译使用比语句小的数据单位;
在所述数据库中搜索与通过所述机器翻译而产生的目标串相匹配的目标串;
如果发现所述匹配的目标串,则发送所述匹配的目标串以供所述翻译者随后审阅;以及
如果在所述数据库中未发现针对所述机器翻译目标串的匹配,则发送所述机器翻译目标串以供所述翻译者随后审阅。
9、根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,所述机器翻译使用双语语料库将非语句、短语和单词从所述源语言匹配至所述目标语言。
10、一种用于将数据从源语言翻译成目标语言的系统,该系统包括:
用于输入要翻译的源语言数据的装置;
翻译数据库,其包括源语言串和目标语言串;
翻译源,其连接至所述网络;以及
机器翻译器,其将所述输入的源语言数据翻译成目标语言串;
门户,用于在所述翻译数据库中搜索与通过所述机器翻译而产生的目标语言串相匹配的目标串,并且如果发现了来自所述翻译数据库的所述匹配的目标串,则发送所述匹配的目标语言串以供所述翻译源随后审阅,而如果在所述翻译数据库中未发现来自所述翻译数据库的所述匹配的目标串,则从所述机器翻译器发送所述机器翻译目标串以供所述翻译源随后审阅。
11、根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述机器翻译器使用比语句小的数据单位。
12、根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述机器翻译器使用双语语料库将非语句、短语和单词从所述源语言匹配至所述目标语言。
13、根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述翻译数据库包括源数据串和目标数据串,所述源数据串和目标数据串是不匹配的。
14、根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述翻译数据库还包括不匹配的源数据串和目标数据串。
15、根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述翻译数据库包括源语言语句和目标语言语句的集合,其中所述源语言语句和所述目标语言语句都没有配对在一起。
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2007
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2011
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2014
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2017
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2019
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EP1889149A2 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
CN101248415B (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
US10216731B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
EP1889149A4 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
US20190171717A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
US9600472B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
US10198438B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
WO2006121849A3 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
WO2006121849A2 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
US20150142415A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
US7925494B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
US20060116865A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
US20170132214A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
US20090204385A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
US20120046934A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
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