CN101697516A - 使用有源插孔管理网络的系统和方法 - Google Patents

使用有源插孔管理网络的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN101697516A
CN101697516A CN200910163556A CN200910163556A CN101697516A CN 101697516 A CN101697516 A CN 101697516A CN 200910163556 A CN200910163556 A CN 200910163556A CN 200910163556 A CN200910163556 A CN 200910163556A CN 101697516 A CN101697516 A CN 101697516A
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active jack
network
active
jack
plugboard
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J·E·卡夫尼
R·A·诺丁
M·V·多尔西
E·法锐蒙德
K·C·科兹司基
R·J·康尼利
M·伯罗利-萨兰飒
A·法锐蒙德
S·A·加克斯
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Panduit Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/10—Current supply arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/407—Bus networks with decentralised control
    • H04L12/413—Bus networks with decentralised control with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection (CSMA-CD)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M15/00—Arrangements for metering, time-control or time indication ; Metering, charging or billing arrangements for voice wireline or wireless communications, e.g. VoIP
    • H04M15/80—Rating or billing plans; Tariff determination aspects
    • H04M15/8005—Flat-fee
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/03—Power distribution arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/035—Cooling of active equipments, e.g. air ducts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/13—Patch panels for monitoring, interconnecting or testing circuits, e.g. patch bay, patch field or jack field; Patching modules
    • H04Q1/135—Patch panels for monitoring, interconnecting or testing circuits, e.g. patch bay, patch field or jack field; Patching modules characterized by patch cord details
    • H04Q1/136—Patch panels for monitoring, interconnecting or testing circuits, e.g. patch bay, patch field or jack field; Patching modules characterized by patch cord details having patch field management or physical layer management arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/60—Contacts spaced along planar side wall transverse to longitudinal axis of engagement
    • H01R24/62—Sliding engagements with one side only, e.g. modular jack coupling devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2203/00—Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M2203/10—Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to the purpose or context of the telephonic communication
    • H04M2203/1083—Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to the purpose or context of the telephonic communication for hotels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/38—Graded-service arrangements, i.e. some subscribers prevented from establishing certain connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2201/00—Constructional details of selecting arrangements
    • H04Q2201/12—Printed circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them

Abstract

使用有源插孔管理网络的系统和方法。本发明提供了一种用于管理和记录局域通信网的系统，它通过使用有源电子模块来配置电源装置和通电装置，这些有源电子模块具有以太网控制器和以太网上电源发送能力，并作为电缆线路内的集成管理组件，以增强网络的管理、记录、安全和应急911方面，并扩展网络的物理范围。

Description

使用有源插孔管理网络的系统和方法
本申请是申请日为2004年5月12日、申请号为200480017165.4、发明名称为“使用有源插孔管理网络的系统和方法”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及通信组件，尤其涉及使用有源插孔管理网络的系统和方法。
背景技术
随着网络变得越来越大越来越密集，使用局域网(LAN)来服务广泛范围的通信需要继续迅速增加。记录并管理LAN的问题同样增加了对连接问题产生时作出及时响应的需要。当替代传统电话网络功能但在相同LAN上作为数据服务运行的因特网上语音协议(VOIP)出现时，这就更为重要了。局域网包括了越来越多的用来承担公司或家庭的全部电子通信能力的责任。
提供记录、管理和故障查找能力的系统应当做到这点，同时使人们对访问点或接插板上介入的需要保持为最低。通常，电话网络和数据网络作为两个具有自己的布线要求和特性的网络来维护。这主要是因为对提供重要通信联络线(lifeline)的能力的电话服务的管理要求和诸如相对较高的DC振铃声调电压的电气问题。
在许多方面中，LAN布线方案是仿效包括带回到接插板的墙面插孔板的电话方案的。然而，电缆类型和特性保持为不同。这对大型办公室、居所和小型办公室-家庭办公(SOHO)和多住所单元(MDU)而言是事实。
发明内容
根据本发明一方面，提供了使用有源电插孔的系统。根据本发明的一些实施例，有源插孔可位于企业办公室的墙上、电缆配线线路设备内的接插板中、一个用户装置或两个或多个这些区域。根据本发明的某些实施例，有源插孔包括至少两个10/100Mb/s的以太网端口，并且是局域网(LAN)上的网络元件(NE)。有源插孔的一个以太网端口是网络端口，并与LAN系统的水平布线相连。至少一个其它端口是诸如个人计算机(PC)或IP上语音(VOIP)电话的以太网使能装置插入其中以便于访问LAN的用户端口。
根据本发明一实施例，物理位置信息(即房间、楼层等)与有源插孔的MAC地址相关联。因为有源插孔具有MAC地址，所以它响应来自网络的地址转换协议(ARP)请求，并在加电或查询时传送ARP消息以表示在网络上出现。ARP消息和有源插孔的相关联物理位置信息可用来提供有关于结构化电缆系统(即LAN电缆配线线路设备)的连接信息。
根据本发明一实施例，有源插孔是需要可从诸如IEEE 802.3AF兼容源的供电装置(PSE)中获得的DC电源之源的电子元件。这些源可在网络中用作所附的通电装置(PD)的DC电源之源，诸如根据跨网络电源方案接收电源的VOIP电话。根据本发明的一些实施例，有源插孔的功率消耗是最小的，其中如果连接了通电装置(PD)则剩下的功率被转送给了通电装置(PD)。
向有源插孔提供DC电源有几种方法。根据本发明的一个实施例，使用诸如以太网交换机或IP路由器的PSE装置。根据另一实施例，可使用接插板或中等长度的接插板。当接插板装备有源插孔时，则获得受控的结构电缆PSE系统。如果在接插板和终端设备之间使用了有源插孔，则可增强接插板具有的管理范围。
电缆线路管理和安全的现有方法依赖于使水平电缆系统和/或接插板状态保持相当固定。此外，如果改变发生，则很好地记录这些改变并手动输入到安全/管理系统数据库。根据本发明的一个实施例，使用有源插孔便于监视接插线和水平电缆系统的状态，以提供受控的结构化的电缆系统。如果移除或移动特定电缆，则由电缆连接的有源插孔将丢失上游网络连接。接插板中的有源插孔将例如通过发给上游交换机的每秒1次的“心跳”IP传送来周期性地检测这种变化。由于PSE和PD相互通信，所以PSE可即时报告接插线的断开。或者是，有源插孔可向相邻的有源插孔发送报告通信问题的消息。当连接重新接上时，有源插孔可发出ARP消息以指示它与任何与之相连的装置恢复连接。当连接重新建立时，到接插板端的转换端得以识别，这是管理接插线连接的重要方面。因为物理位置信息能与有源插孔相关联，即使电缆线路短暂变化也能被识别和记录。
因为有源墙面插座是受控的网络元件，所以通过通信网络的管理和操作组件获得远程可见性。有源插孔提供远程监视，消除或减少了派出技术人员确定装置状态的需要。服务可远程中止或恢复。此外，也可盘点并控制使用有源插孔与网络相连的端点装置。
根据本发明的某些实施例，当客户使用软IP电话或VOIP外部硬件电话时利用这些管理和安全方面。有源墙面插座可在以太网上提供电源(以向电话提供电源)和/或提供物理位置地址以支持E911服务。
为了支持重要的通信联络线的VOIP，可使用PSE交换机来确保所有的企业交换机有足够的DC电源来度过AC断供期。内部的交换机将继续引导并管理打到外面的VOIP电话，但拒绝其它的IP数据事务处理。根据本发明的一个实施例，带有有源插孔的电源接插板的一个优点是它可在AC电源断供期切断上游交换机的电源。然后通信可从接插板被导向“重要通信联络线”VOIP的网关，其中“重要通信联络线”VOIP的网关支持语音通信和/或数量减少的数据通信。
附图说明
在附图中：
图1a是有源墙面插座的立体图；
图1b是有源墙面插座的侧视图；
图2a是有源墙面插座的示意图；
图2b是有源墙面插座的另一个实施例的示意框图；
图3a、3b和3c示出输出面板中有源和标准墙面插座的不同配置；
图4a、4b4c和4d是根据本发明的有源墙面插座的其它实施例的侧视图；
图5是示出位置数据进入有源墙面插座的框图；
图6是示出用于有源墙面插座的电源分布和电缆管理方案的框图；
图7是示出根据本发明一实施例的使用有源插孔的通信网络的框图；
图8是示出包括具有有源插孔的接插板的紧急供电系统的框图；
图9是带有有源插孔和共享电路的接插板的示意图；
图10是根据本发明一实施例的有源插孔的示意图；
图11是根据本发明一实施例的接插板实现的框图；
图12是根据本发明另一实施例的接插板实现的框图；
图13是根据本发明又一实施例的接插板实现的框图；
图14是根据本发明另一实施例的接插板实现的框图；
图15是根据本发明一实施例的多住所单元网络的框图；以及
图16是根据本发明一实施例的网络的框图。
具体实施方式
现在参看附图，从图1a开始，示出有源插孔10的立体结构图。有源插孔10包括两个外壳12a和12b，它们可形成如外壳12b的示图中所示的插头开口14。根据本发明的另一实施例，有源插孔10的一个连接器是插头，而另一个连接器则是绝缘位移式连接器(IDC)。外壳12a和12b可以是用于通信连接器的类型，如在Doorhy等人在2002年4月16日发表的题为“Low Crosstalk Modular CommunicationConnector”(低串音干扰的模块化通信连接器)的美国专利6,371,793所述，其内容通过引用在此全部引入。安装在插头开口内的是多根导线16，它们在插头与有源插孔10相连时形成与通信插头的弹性触点。导线16穿过有源插孔10的外壳，与印刷电路板(PCB)18接触。根据本发明的一个实施例，PCB 18的x方向尺寸约为5/8英寸，y方向尺寸约为2英寸，并且是具有用于散热的最大铜区域填充的多层结构，并能够支持电子组件20。外壳在分解图中与电路板18错开示出，以展现热触点22，该热触点在一实施例中有助于从电路板18和组件20向诸如组件12b的外壳散热。在图1b中，有源插孔10相对于通常用作墙位置中通信端口类型的可安装面板24示出。
根据本发明一实施例，有源插孔的热设计支持数据出口的外壳内的环境。由于根据某些实施例在该外壳中实际上并没有气流，所以散热并不是有效的。有源插孔设计可通过图1b所示的连接器外壳12b将低热敏电阻触点结合到外壳的外部。在本发明的另一实施例中，外壳由诸如金属浸渍材料的高传热材料制成，以有助于所产生热量的散热。在本发明的又一实施例中，在有源插孔10的外壳12a和12b之一或两者内提供印刷电路板18上的电子组件20。
现在参看图2a，示出根据本发明一实施例的有源墙面插座10的示意图。根据本发明一实施例的有源插孔电源10的组件被安装在PCB 18上。在图2a中示出的组件被示为可以各种集成形式实现的功能单元。这些组件包括至少一个双端口以太网物理装置(PHY)26，它包括接收器28a和28b以及发送器30a和30b。尽管双端口以太网装置示于图2中，可以理解本发明的各个原理可应用于具有两个以上端口的有源插孔，如下进一步讨论。
接收器28和发送器30与相应的接收变压器32a和32b以及发送变压器34a和34b电连接。接收变压器32a和32b以及发送变压器34a和34b进一步与相应外壳12a和12b的多根电线(图1中标号16)电连接。电线可采取网络侧连接37和用户侧连接39的形式。PHY 26与以太网媒体访问控制器(MAC)处理器36相连，该处理器在功能上形成两端口的以太网交换机。
根据本发明的一些实施例，有源插孔10的电路的电源从符合IEEE 802.3AF的PSE源中获得，该PSE源根据一实施例向负干线38提供从接收变压器32a的中央抽头提取的负共模电压，并向正干线40提供从发送变压器34a提取的正共模电压。IEEE 802.3AF标准还允许负线和正线交换。DC-到-DC转换器42与负干线38和正干线40相连，并向有源插孔10的电路提供电源。具有足够电阻的电阻器44放置在电压干线38和40之间，以向PSE发送出现电源要求装置(PD)的信号。根据本发明一实施例，电阻器44具有26千欧的电阻值，尽管更大或更少的电阻器可用于本发明的特定实施例中。在供电通过量模式中，电压干线38和40通过任选开关46与发送变压器34b和接收变压器32b的中央抽头电连接，以使其它下游PD能从PSE获得电源。IEEE 802.3AF标准草案不包括给定电路上的多个PD，从而诸如有源插孔10的中间PD的功率要求可非常小，通常小于1瓦。可任选的开关46可由本地MAC处理器控制，以提供用于管理和/或安全目的的下游PD上的电源控制，并如下作进一步讨论。
控制发光二极管(LED)48的MAC处理器36也在图2a中示出。根据本发明一实施例，MAC处理器36用作网络端口标识组件，在请求时存储并提供标识信息。可有两个或多个这样的受通信连接中的MAC处理器36控制的LED 48：至少一个表示链接状态，另一个则表示发送/接收动作。根据一个实施例，LED 48被安装在PC板18上，且光线由光导管50导向外部的插座外壳12b。在其它实施例中，LED可安装在外壳12上，并与PCB 18电连接。根据其它实施例，一个或多个LED可与每个有源插孔10以及每个插座外壳12相关联。根据本发明的一些实施例，其它LED端口或不同色彩的LED灯光，可用于支持端点装置的控制或监视。例如，不同的彩色光或其它光可用来表示安装完成或未完成，并有助于电缆连接的监视和维护。这样的实施例可向安装或维护人员提供定位电缆连接中的断点，从而查明需要注意的连接所需的信息。
现在参看图2b，示出根据本发明一实施例的另一有源插孔。在图2b的实施例中，逻辑芯片51实现有源插孔的功能，包括诸如通过有源插孔转发通信，通过有源插孔重新产生信号，监视并报告数据通信量、用于安装指令和用户指令的存储器存储、有源插孔的逻辑标识，以及开关有源插孔以通过有源插孔启用或禁用通信。根据本发明的一个实施例，逻辑芯片51包括一存储器组件，用于存储使安装者遵从的指令模板，和/或使安装者在有源插孔的安装期间能填充的一个或多个数据字段。逻辑芯片51与网络侧连接53和用户侧连接55相连。
根据本发明的一些实施例，有源插孔可用于以太网上电源的环境。在这些实施例中，有源插孔可消耗其操作所需的功率，同时落于在以太网上电源环境中将有源插孔标识为通电装置的功率消耗水平之下。这种环境中的有源插孔将所供应的电源转发给通电装置。
现在参看图3a，示出具有有源插孔10的根据本发明一实施例的面板24a。另一实施例是图3b所示的具有两个有源插孔10a-b的面板24b。又一实施例是图3c所示的具有两个有源插孔10a-b和一个无源插座52的面板24c。可以理解，采用多个有源和无源插座的若干其它实施例可在特定安装时实现。如图3a、3b和3c所示，LED指示灯49是为了便于有源插孔的安装和维护。
现在参看图4a，根据本发明一实施例，有源插孔单元10被装在面板24之后安装在墙54中的墙面板，从而用户侧插座外壳12b可在用户区域56中进入，如图所示。有源插孔单元10通过终端插头60与水平电缆58相连，它便于有源插孔单元10或水平电缆58的测试和修复。或者，有源插孔单元10可通过绝缘位移一连接器与水平电缆相连。
根据本发明的有源插孔还支持在一个有源插孔单元内使用多个用户侧连接和/或多个网络侧连接。这种实施例可应用于实现一个用户装置与网络侧一个以上网络相连。此外，一个以上用户装置或网络上属于一个以上帐户所有者的用户装置，可与单个有源插孔相连，并访问有源插孔的网络侧上的一个或多个网络。具有多个网络侧连接的有源插孔的构建还支持有源插孔的双归操作。在该操作中，有源插孔可监视一个以上网络侧连接的可操作性。如果主要网络连接变得不可操作，或者遭受其它通信问题，则根据本发明的有源插孔可自动地切换到次要网络连接。提供网络连接的冗余可极大地提高在采用这种双归系统的有源插孔上网络访问的可靠性。
使用多个用户侧和/或网络侧连接的根据本发明的有源插孔实施例在图4b、4c和4d中示出。图4b、4c和4d的有源插孔被装入墙面板中，但可以理解它们可按需装入其它网络组件。图4b示出具有两个网络侧连接器外壳12a和12c的有源插孔，用于与两个网络侧终端插头60a和60b相连，而这两个终端插头又通过两条水平电缆58a和58b与一个或多个网络相连。图4b的有源插孔允许用户区域56内的一个连接以使用一个以上的网络连接。尽管已示出两个网络连接，但可以理解在该实施例和其它实施例中可在网络侧采用两个以上网络连接。
现在参看图4c，有源插孔具有两个用户侧连接器外壳12b和12d，用于与两个用户装置相连。一个网络侧连接器外壳12a被示为与网络侧终端插头60相连，该插头60又通过水平电缆58与网络相连。该实施例使两个用户装置能与有源插孔组件相连。此外，因为用户侧连接器外壳12b和12d的每一个可支持独立有源插孔的功能，图4c的实施例使所有有源插孔功能可通过直接的墙面连接而等同地应用于一个以上用户侧装置上。尽管已示出了两个用户侧连接，但可以理解在该实施例和其它实施例中可采用两个以上用户侧连接。
图4d示出一个有源插孔实施例，其中采用了两个网络侧连接器外壳12a和12c，以及两个用户侧连接器外壳12b和12d。在该实施例中，诸如VOIP电话或其它用户装置的一个以上用户装置可与一个以上的网络侧连接相连。图4d的实施例允许具有多个用户侧有源插孔的有源插孔墙面组装件的双归应用。因而，在主要网络失败或出现其它通信问题时，可向插座的多个用户或用户侧56的多个用户装置提供冗余。
在一通信网络中，需要能够标识每个用户的物理位置。这在支持VOIP的电子紧急情况911数据库时就特别重要，其中位置信息可极大地促进相关人员对紧急情况作出响应的能力。位置信息还可支持受控的结构化电缆线路。现在参看图5，示出安装在区域62的墙54上的有源插孔。它通过水平电缆58与接插板64相连，并通过接插线66连接到IP路由器68。根据本发明一实施例，特定有源插孔10与数据库中其物理位置信息相关联。为了使有源插孔10与其物理位置相关联，区域62的物理位置可关联于数据库70中有关有源插孔的信息(例如其MAC地址)，根据某些实施例该数据库70是E911数据库或由E911程序识别的数据库。
此外，区域62之内且与有源插孔10相连的装置可根据项目类型或项目模型来标识，从而使能对与有源插孔10相连的各项的盘点，以及实时监视通过有源插孔10与网络相连的装置的。例如，在学校网络中，分布在各个教室的有源插孔允许对通过有源插孔与学校网络相连的装置的集中化监视。因而，如果需要特定计算机或光学投影仪，则只要该特定计算机或光学投影仪与网络相连，除了计算机网络中该装置的逻辑位置之外，还可简便地确定该装置的物理位置。根据本发明一实施例，对应于与网络相连的装置的物理位置的盘点信息可与网络的物理位置地图相关联，以提供对网络内装置位置的实时描述。
根据本发明一实施例，通过使用在PC 72上运行的应用程序输入位置信息，参加安装有源插孔的人员可使有源插孔关联于有源插孔的物理位置，其中该PC 72与相连的如上所述具有自己的MAC地址的本地有源插孔10通信。在有源插孔安装的工作周期之后，本地有源插孔10的MAC地址与位置数据的关联可记录在PC72上，随后可传送给管理数据库70。在另一实施例中，关联信息通过相连的网络直接输入到数据库70。在另一方法中，人们使用提供更简单界面但获得相同结果的测试装置74。测试装置74还可执行各种网络测试，以确保适当的网络安装和连接。在又一实施例中，网络化计算机76用来基于工作顺序条目信息更新位置数据库。如图5所示的数据库70可驻留为网络管理器系统的一部分、IP路由器68的一部分、或者VOIP系统的语音网关的一部分。
现在参看图6，示出了三条连接路径，以说明使用有源插孔10来管理结构化互连电缆网络78的方法。用于该示例的结构化网络是通过接插线82与具有作为端口的无源插座的第一接插板84相连、并通过接插线86与具有作为端口的有源插孔10c的第二接插板88相连的PSE IP交换机/路由器80。在图6的第一连接路径中，诸如VOIP电话的用户装置92a通过无源插座52与网络78相连。用于本发明的本实施例和其它实施例的用户装置可以是诸如VOIP电话的电话、计算机等，并可以是从网络连接中获取电源的通电装置。在第一连接路径90中，如果在电缆系统中任何地方有开路连接，或者如果装置92a是通电装置并从墙面插座52断开，则装置92a将掉电。这可通过PSE IP交换机/路由器80检测，但不能确定原因-例如电缆线路问题、办公室连接或装置掉电。如果移动接插线82或连接水平电缆94a，则该移动被检测为装置92a的掉电。包含作为端口的有源插孔的接插板可被视为受控互连的接插板，因为它使能实现类似于与交叉接的接插板系统连接的监视和控制，同时仅需要一块接插板。
在图6的第二个连接路径96中，用户装置92b通过有源墙面插座10a与网络78相连。在该情形中，接插线82或水平电缆94b中的电缆移动或电路开路使用户装置92b(如果用户装置是通电装置)和有源插孔10a掉电。此时，PSE IP交换机/路由器80可在数据库中注明：用户装置92b和有源插孔10a不再出现，即不再汲取电源。当电源恢复时(在开路情形中通过更换或修复电缆)，PSE IP交换机/路由器80注明由于检测到PSE IP交换机/路由器80上的电源请求而连接通电装置。此外，有源插孔10a和装置92b在加电时发送以太网ARP消息，表示在网络上的出现。如果仅装置92b断开，则其丢失将由PSE IP交换机/路由器80检测，并且通过管理软件仍然能联系并查询有源插孔10a。此外，当仅用户装置92b断开并随后重新连接时，在电源恢复时只有重新通电的装置92b将用以太网ARP消息作出响应。有源插孔10a进而用户装置92b可与给定物理位置相关联，有助于用中断服务的通知进行管理。
当在接插板88中使用有源插孔使，如第3个连接路径98所示，墙面中的有源插孔便于维护结构化和受控的电缆线路。然而，在接插板和客户机目标点上具有有源插孔技术可导出一些其它功能。在第三个连接路径98中，用户装置92c通过有源墙面插座10b和水平电缆94c到包含有源插孔10c的接插板88连接到网络78。接插板88通过接插线86与PSE IP交换机/路由器80相连。在该情形中，开路断点、电缆移动、和/或用户装置92c的移动可分离，并可分开标识为相连网络被有源装置92c、10b和10c分段。所述每个有源装置响应于以太网ARP请求并在加电情形时产生以太网ARP消息。例如，如果移动接插线86，则用户装置92c、有源插孔10b和接插板插座10c都将掉电。此时PSE注意到用户装置改变了所请求电源量的状态，因而可在只有用户装置92c移除及水平或接插线开路和/或移动之间区分。当电源恢复时，所有先前掉电的装置在网络上发送表示出现的以太网ARP请求。此外，如果PSE装置80的端口和接插板88的有源端口之间、或者接插板88和有源插孔10b的互连已改变，则可确定并管理改变的位置。
现在参看图7，示出了使用有源插孔10来控制对LAN 100的网络访问。在该实施例中，诸如VOIP电话的用户装置102a-n通过在相应位置104a-n的相应有源插孔10a-n连接网络上。尽管在四个位置上仅示出四个用户装置，可以理解根据本说明书的系统和方法可在许多位置使用众多装置。有源插孔10a-n通过水平电缆线路108与接插板106相连。接插板106与PSE IP路由器装置110相连，而PSE IP路由器与不间断电源(UPS)112相连，并通过IEEE 802.3AF标准草案向诸如102a-n和10a-n等下游的需要电源的装置提供电源。PSE装置110与也可用作VOIP网关且与数据库116相连的或包含数据库116的IP路由器114相连。网络管理器118还可与LAN 100相连，且在本发明一实施例中，该管理器118能通过简单网络管理协议(SNMP)消息来监视并控制各种网络元件，诸如路由器110和114以及有源插孔10a-n。根据本发明的一些实施例，网络管理器执行网络管理程序用于实现网关管理任务。
如图2所示，有源插孔10具有受本地处理器36控制的DC电源开关46。有源插孔10包含开关46，因而与任何下游装置的数据连接和电源可通过例如本地处理36受到控制，以使实现增强的安全特征，诸如端点隔离、装置盘点和授权。网络管理器118可控制网络元件，以在周期性间隔上或响应于诸如对服务的未经授权请求的外部刺激禁用对任何端点的网络访问。这可通过网络管理器118向位于有源插孔10上的处理器36发送信号来完成，以在特定位置上断开开关46，从而防止数据在那些位置上流动。有可以在某天的某些时间限制对受控网络的访问的应用程序。在网络中使用有源插孔10还允许使用情况监视。例如，它还可用于限制从某些办公室对敏感性或受限制的因特网或内联网网站或位置的访问。如果开始了未经授权的访问，则知道侵入的网络管理器118可选择关闭有源插孔10，或者记录请求装置正在使用的有源插孔的位置。
现在参看图8，示出根据本发明一实施例的一种系统，它通过接插板提供应急电源，并使用接插板上的有源插孔来管理结构化的电缆系统。用户区域121a-n中的用户VOIP电话120a-n经由水平电缆线路108通过有源墙面插座10a-n与通电接插板122相连。通电接插板122与上游IP交换机124相连，该交换机在正常操作期间是用于VOIP电话102a-n的理路由装置。通电的接插板122还与诸如应急电池的本地应急电源126，以及应急语音网关128相连，该网关还与本地应急电源126相连。在电力断供期，上游交换机124可掉电，且电源接插板122可将语音通信转移到本地网关128。根据一些实施例，数据服务可在电源断供期中缩减，但保持用于紧急情况的语音服务。
根据本发明一实施例，有源插孔在作为三端口装置的接插板122内提供。在该实施例中，一个端口用于用户连接，一个端口用于网络连接，而第三个端口用来与应急语音网关128相连。根据本发明另一实施例，从接插板122到应急网关128的连接是通过共享以太网连接的。根据本发明又一实施例，接插板使用网络侧的交换单元来使接插板有源插孔的网络端口与共享以太网总线130相连。
现在参看图9，示出通电接插板122的一个实施例的框图。在该实施例中，24-端口接插板122的有源插孔单元10a-x被安装在公用的印刷电路板上。处理器134通过总线136与有源插孔10a-x电连接，并控制其动作。DC-到-DC电源转换器138将输入的电源转换成本地电路所需的电源。例如，电源转换器138可将输入的48伏电源转换成本地电路所需的3.3伏。本地电路的电源沿到有源插孔10a-x的电源连接140分布，以便于将电源传送到下游通电装置。根据一实施例，有源插孔10x被指派从上游PSE提取48伏，并通过与DC-到-DC转换器138的输入电源连接142分配该48伏。可任选地，诸如有源插孔10w的其它有源插孔还可在例如从冗余上游PSE中提取电源时用于电源提取。DC-到-DC电源转换器138可确定从哪个源(例如10w或10x)可使用电源。在另一实施例中，其它插座可被唯一地用于电源提取。
现在参看图10，示出根据本发明一实施例的有源插孔144的另一结构。有源插孔144可例如用于图9的实施例，其中使用公用处理器134和公用DC-到-DC电源转换器138，且各个插座不需要从上游PSE提取电源。图10的有源插孔144包括分别与上游驱动器150和152相连的上游变压器146和148，以及分别与下游驱动器158和160相连的下游变压器154和156。交换机162可操作地与电源连接140相连，且通过总线136的处理器下控制可通过下游电源连接器164和166来控制电源在下游变压器154和156上的分配，以便于将电源传送到下游的通电装置。因而，只有下游变压器154和156才需要为了传送电源而从中心抽头。根据本发明的又一实施例，为了中断数据连接，交换机162还能可操作地连接到接收(Rx)和发送(Tx)信号。
根据图9接插板122的一个实施例，有源插孔10还装有帮助交叉连接或互连系统的安装者的LED。图11示出一互连系统，其中关联于接插板122上有源插孔10的LED 168可发光或闪烁图案以帮助安装者。例如，LED可标识接插线86或水平电缆108在何处要与接插板122相连。在图11的实施例中，接插板122沿PSEIP交换机/路由器170和水平电缆108之间的通信路径放置。根据一实施例，有源插孔LED的发光通过来自管理实体的SNMP消息实现。除了便于LED功能所提供的安装，通过向维护人员提供不工作电缆位于何处的可视指示，并通过提供在通信网络中整理电缆的可视指令，LED还在安装后允许改进的电缆管理。尽管仅示出了关联于每个有源插孔144的一个LED，但可以理解在本发明的某些实施例中多个LED与每个有源插孔相关联。
本发明的另一个实施例在图12中示出，其中接插板122a和122b以级联的主从结构来进行配置。如图12所示以级联方式配置的接插板使能实现交叉连接系统，其中每个面板上的LED 168向安装者指示哪里要移除或安装接插线。
根据如图13所示的通电接插板122的一个实施例，可从本地电源172中获得诸如48伏DC电源的电源，其中本地电源172可以是使通电接插板122成为PSE装置的AC线路PSE或紧急DC电池组。根据另一实施例，可从上游PSE通过图9所示的本地插座10x之一来获取诸如48伏DC电源的电源。
在又一实施例中，如图14所示，提供给接插板122的诸如48伏DC电源的电源可使用接插板122内诸如插孔10k和101的有源插孔、通过接插线176a和176b、从两个独立源PSE 174a和174b中获取。
现在参看图15，示出根据本发明一实施例的多住所单元(MDU)。使用有源插孔允许服务在各个住所单元内激活。此外，可便于居所和小型办公室-家庭办公(SOHO)的应用通信的安全和管理。宽带路由器178与广域网180相连应用于外部连接，并通过接插线86到接插板182而与MDU内的分布系统相连，其中接插板可以是带有通电有源插孔的通电接插板。接插板182可任选地包括一个或多个有源插孔用于管理。从接插板182中，水平电缆线路与可以是各个住所的各个位置184a-n相连。每个位置184a-n包括安装在墙上的有源插孔10a-n以及用户装置186a-n。每个有源插孔10a-n都具有MAC地址以及与该有源插孔相关联的物理位置信息。有源插孔10和用户装置186a-n的电源可从与宽带路由器178或接插板182相连的UPS电源获取。将有源插孔装入用户区域和/或宽带路由器178允许电缆架构问题的远程管理和诊断、电缆架构的增强安全性、服务的激活(即打开或关闭服务)和监视、以太网应用上的电源、以及装置物理位置的指示。性能监视也得到增强，因为问题连接的准确物理和逻辑网络位置可集中由服务供应商来识别，而不需要基本位置问题的更广泛调查。
本发明的多居所单元应用，包括在此所述的有源插孔实施例的优点，可被扩展到居所、办公室和旅馆网络。有源插孔在这些网络中的分布使能各种各样的有用特性。分布在网络上的有源插孔10a-n的一种使用是实现付费服务系统。这种系统可在例如每个位置184a-n是旅馆房间或会议室的旅馆中实现。有源插孔10a-n使能对数据吞吐率的监视及其向网络管理员的报告。因而，网络管理员可根据装置186a-n请求或发送的数据量来收取规定的费用。此外，因为每个有源插孔10a-n可由网络管理员打开或关闭，使用在位置184a-n上有源插孔10a-n的能力可集中受控以仅使付费的人能使用其有源插孔，该能力包括一旦付费时段已过中止数据流通过有源插孔10a-n的能力。可实现按数据分组或其它数据单位付费以及基于时间付费的的付费方案，允许网络带宽在付费人群中有效分配。有源插孔可在网络树架构中分布，从而例如会议室内各个有源插孔的若干用户的网络访问可由网络管理员简便管理，而无需在访问使能区域内寻址每个有源插孔。根据本发明，有源插孔可与墙内提供的其它有源插孔、或者接插板内提供的有源插孔相连。此外，在根据本发明的一些网络架构内，接插板内提供的有源插孔可与接插板内提供的其它网络插座相连。
通过允许通信问题在电缆的各段范围内识别，如图15所示的有源插孔在多住所单元中的使用还增强了服务供应商的电缆管理。有源插孔的集中控制和监视还使网络管理员能确定是否尝试了未经授权的网络访问-或网络“盗用”，并进一步向网络管理员提供确定曾尝试的未经授权访问的物理位置所需的信息。
因为装入接插板的有源插孔或墙面插座可往上游方向将连接信息发送给远程网络管理系统，派出技术人员到远程站点以确定设备情况或到服务装置的需要可减少或在许多情形中可消除。对于在此所述的其它多用户实施例，仅示出一些用户，但可以理解本发明可用来便于多得多的用户的实现。
根据本发明的有源插孔可用来扩展以太网系统的物理范围。通过重新产生所接收的信号，位于通信路径上的有源插孔用来增大信号的有效范围，导致更耐用的通信路径。此外，由于本发明一些实施例中的每个有源插孔都重新产生以太网信号，所以没有必要将IP交换机和路由器与接插板放置在一起。此外，因为有源插孔可装在接插板内或墙上，通信路径可被设计成最大程度地利用有源插孔的布局，同时使成本保持较低。有源插孔还可与无线网络单元结合使用，诸如无线访问点(“WAP”)，以在无线网络中提供有源插孔的特性。
图16示出采用有源插孔来扩展网络范围的通信网络的框图。在图16的网络中，诸如交换机的网络元件188，有网络元件可通过有线连接传递网络信号的第一半径“R1”。因而，网络元件188具有第一虚线圆“C1”所示的操作区域。假设用于有源插孔10的有线连接192位于网络元件188的操作区域190的圆周附近，将增大系统的有效区域，因为有源插孔10可重新产生通信信号。具有第二半径“R2”的第二个圆“C2”示出当采用有源插孔10时获得的扩展后有效区域194。进一步的扩展可通过采用多个有源插孔10或通过提供从有源插孔10到有源访问点198的另一有线连接196来获得。可以理解，用于扩展如图16所示的范围的有源插孔10可被提供为墙面插座或接插板内的有源插孔。此外，可以理解，无线访问点198和有源插孔10可按需在特定网络应用中以各种结构配置，且有源插孔可在由无线访问点服务的区域内提供，以沿另一电缆线路从无线访问点重新产生信号。另外，尽管R1和R2在图16中被示为几乎相等，可以理解本发明的一些实施例可采用两个不同的半径。当主要无线访问点的网络问题发生时，可采用多个无线访问点和双归有源插孔(如上参照图4b所述)，以将装置访问从主要无线访问点切换到次要无线访问点。
尽管已示出并描述了本发明的特定实施例和应用，但可以理解本发明并不限于在此揭示的精确结构和组成，并且各种更改、变化和改变可从前面的描述中显而易见，而不背离如所附权利要求书中限定的本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种使用有源插孔的终端用户设备的安全系统，其特征在于包括：
网络管理器服务器；
至少一个有源插孔，所述至少一个有源插孔包括网络侧连接器和用户侧连接器并具有电子识别模块，所述电子识别模块中存储有识别地址，所述至少一个有源插孔配置为与所述网络管理器服务器通信，所述至少一个有源插孔还配置为响应于从所述网络管理器服务器接收的指令，通过连接到所述用户侧连接器的内部DC电源开关控制向终端用户设备的供电。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述有源插孔经过本地处理器控制所述内部DC电源开关。
3.如权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网络管理器服务器经过所述本地处理器与所述有源插孔通信。
4.如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网络管理器服务器指挥所述有源插孔在周期性间隔期间向所述终端用户设备供电。
5.如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网络管理器服务器指挥所述有源插孔响应于外部刺激向所述终端用户设备供电。
6.如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网络管理器服务器指挥所述有源插孔响应于外部刺激去除向所述终端用户设备供电。
7.一种在通信网络中提供安全性的方法，其特征在于包括：
在所述通信网络的物理位置上提供多个有源插孔，所述有源插孔包括网络侧连接器和用户侧连接器并具有电子识别模块，所述电子识别模块中存储有识别地址；
使所述有源插孔的识别地址与提供所述有源插孔的物理位置相关联；
仅对所述物理位置中的特定物理位置授权；
通过指令经授权的有源插孔向经授权的有源插孔的用户侧连接器供电，仅授权通过所述多个有源插孔中与所述经授权的物理位置相关联的特定有源插孔对所述通信网络的访问。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，在周期性间隔上对所述物理位置授权。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，响应于外部刺激对所述物理位置授权。
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US20040073597A1 (en) 2004-04-15
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