CN102820875A - 具有灵敏度控制的接近开关及其方法 - Google Patents

具有灵敏度控制的接近开关及其方法 Download PDF

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CN102820875A
CN102820875A CN2012101546875A CN201210154687A CN102820875A CN 102820875 A CN102820875 A CN 102820875A CN 2012101546875 A CN2012101546875 A CN 2012101546875A CN 201210154687 A CN201210154687 A CN 201210154687A CN 102820875 A CN102820875 A CN 102820875A
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sensitivity
user
switch
input
near switch
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斯图尔特·C·萨尔特
康奈尔·路易斯·加德纳
杰弗里·辛格
迈克尔·詹姆斯·惠滕
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/9401Calibration techniques
    • H03K2217/94026Automatic threshold calibration; e.g. threshold automatically adapts to ambient conditions or follows variation of input
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960705Safety of capacitive touch and proximity switches, e.g. increasing reliability, fail-safe

Abstract

本发明提供一种具有灵敏度控制的车辆接近开关及方法,其中该灵敏度控制基于使用者选择的灵敏度输入。该开关包括例如电容式传感器的接近传感器,其安装在车辆中并且提供感应激活场。该接近开关还包括控制电路,其用于处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活。该接近开关还包括用于接收使用者选择的灵敏度输入的使用者灵敏度输入。该控制电路基于使用者选择的灵敏度输入控制对比的灵敏度。

Description

具有灵敏度控制的接近开关及其方法
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及开关,更具体地,涉及具有增强的灵敏度控制的接近开关。
背景技术
机动车辆通常配备有各种由使用者驱动的开关,例如用于操作装置的开关,这些装置包括电动车窗、前灯、风档刮水器、车顶或天窗、车内照明、无线电广播和娱乐装置、以及多种其它装置。通常,为了激活或停用装置或发挥某些类型的控制功能,这些类型的开关需要由使用者驱动。诸如电容式开关的接近开关利用一个或多个接近传感器产生感应激活场,并且感应表示通常由使用者的手指近距离或接触传感器引起的使用者对开关的驱动的激活场的变化。接近开关通常配置为基于感应激活场和阈值的对比从而探测使用者对开关的激活。不幸的是,不同的使用者常常具有不同大小的手指、不同长度的手指甲、不同的驱动手法,并且可能戴着呈现出不同介电性能的手套,所有这一切都可能影响激活场和阈值之间的对比结果,该结果可以导致不同的驱动探测级别。需要提供一种允许这种使用中的变化的增强的接近开关。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种具有灵敏度控制的接近开关。该接近开关包括提供感应激活场的接近传感器。该接近开关还包括控制电路,其用于处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活。该接近开关还包括用于接收使用选择的灵敏度输入的使用者灵敏度输入。该控制电路基于使用者选择的灵敏度输入控制对比的灵敏度。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种具有灵敏度控制的车辆电容式开关。该电容式开关具有安装在车辆中并且提供感应激活场的电容式传感器。该电容式开关还具有用于处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活的控制电路。该电容式开关还包括用于接收使用者选择的灵敏度输入的使用者灵敏度输入。该控制电路基于使用者选择的灵敏度输入控制对比的灵敏度。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种用可调整的灵敏度控制感应使用者接近的方法。该方法包括用接近传感器提供感应激活场的步骤。该方法还包括处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对接近传感器的激活的步骤。该方法还包括探测使用者灵敏度输入并且基于使用者灵敏度输入调节对比的灵敏度的步骤。
本领域技术人员通过研究本说明书、权利要求以及附图将会更好地理解和认识本发明的这些和其他方面、目的、以及特征。
附图说明
在附图中:
图1是具有头顶控制台的机动车辆的乘客室的透视图,该头顶控制台采用根据一个实施例的具有灵敏度控制的接近开关;
图2是顶篷中的头顶控制台的分解图,其进一步说明图1表示的接近开关;
图3是沿图1中的线III-III的横截面视图,其相对于戴手套的手指进一步说明接近传感器,例如灵敏度传感器的输入;
图4是根据一个实施例沿着具有多个重叠的感应激活场的接近传感器的横截面视图;
图5是根据另一实施例沿着具有单一感应激活场的接近开关的横截面视图;
图6是表示根据一个实施例的具有灵敏度控制的接近开关的框图;
图7是表示根据一个实施例的基于使用者的输入控制接近开关灵敏度的程序的流程图;以及
图8是表示感应激活场和可调整的灵敏度阈值对比的曲线图。
具体实施方式
按照要求,此处公开了本发明详细的实施例;然而,应当理解,所公开的实施例仅仅是本发明的示例,这些示例可以以各种不同的和选择性的方式实现。附图不一定是详细设计的;一些图表可能被放大或缩小以显示总体的功能。因此,此处公开的具体结构性和功能性的细节不应视为对本发明的限制,而仅仅是为了教导本领域技术人员从多方面使用本发明而作为具有代表性的基础。
参照图1和图2,其总体上表示机动车辆10的内部,根据一个实施例,其具有乘客室18和开关总成20,开关总成20采用多个具有使用者输入灵敏度控制的接近开关22。车辆10总体上包括组装在乘客室18顶部的车顶或天花板下侧的顶篷32上的头顶控制台12,该头顶控制台12总体上在前排乘客座位区的上方。根据一个实施例,将含有具有灵敏度控制的接近开关22的开关总成20设置在头顶控制台12。多种接近开关22可以控制大量车辆装置和功能中的任何装置和功能,例如控制天窗或车顶16的运动、激活例如车内地图/阅读灯和顶灯14这样的一个或多个照明装置以及多种其它装置和功能。然而,应该认识到的是,接近开关22和灵敏度控制使用者输入可以位于车辆10的其它位置,例如在仪表板中、在例如中心控制台这样的其它控制台上、与无线电广播的触摸屏显示器或例如导航和音频显示器这样的娱乐系统整合、或者位于车辆10上的其它位置。
根据一个实施例,这里的接近开关22表示和描述为电容式开关。每个接近开关22包括至少一个接近传感器,其提供感应激活场以感应使用者相对于一个或多个接近传感器的接触或近距离接近,例如使用者手指的碰擦动作。因此,在示例性实施例中,每个接近开关22的感应激活场是电容电场,并且使用者的手指具有引起感应激活场变化或干扰的导电性和介电性,这对那些本领域的技术人员来说是很显然的。然而,本领域技术人员还应该认识到的是,可以使用其他的或可选择的类型的接近开关,例如但不限于电感式传感器、光学传感器、温度传感器、电阻式传感器等等或它们的结合。2009年4月9日爱特梅尔公司的10620D-AT42-04/09触摸式传感器设计指南(Touch Sensors Design Guide)中描述了示例性的接近传感器,该文献在这里以参考引用的方式结合于此。
图1所示的接近开关22中的每个接近开关22都提供对车辆组件或装置的控制或提供指定的控制功能。一个或多个接近开关22可以专门用于控制天窗或车顶16的运动从而引起车顶在打开或关闭的方向上移动、使车顶倾斜或基于控制法则使车顶停止运动。其它接近开关22可以专门用于控制其它装置,例如打开车内地图/阅读灯、关闭地图/阅读灯、打开或关闭顶灯、打开汽车尾部的行李箱、打开后舱口或者使门灯开关无效。通过接近开关进行的其它控制可以包括驱动门的电动车窗上升和下降。通过这里所描述的接近开关22可以控制多种其它的车辆控制。
另外,提供灵敏度传感器输入22S以允许使用者选择各种不同的接近开关22的灵敏度。在一个实施例中,灵敏度传感器输入22S是实施为接近开关的电容式传感器,例如根据一个实施例的电容式开关,其允许使用者对于多个接近开关22选择性地切换到需要的灵敏度。根据一个实施例,通过驱动在此描述的灵敏度传感器输入22S,每个不同的接近开关22的灵敏度在低、中、高灵敏度设置中依次变化。因此,手和手指上戴手套的使用者可以改变接近开关22的灵敏度,从而增加灵敏度以适应手或手指戴上手套或者在不戴手套时减少灵敏度。使用者还可以利用灵敏度控制改变灵敏度以适应使用者的手指、手指甲尺寸以及碰擦手法中的差异,碰擦手法例如在碰擦输入动作过程中从手指到接近开关22的距离。使用者手指的导电性可能在使用者间不同,这导致了对感应激活场的不同改变或干扰。使用者灵敏度控制有利地允许使用者对于这些使用中的变量进行调整。
在电容式传感器的实施例中,接近开关22和灵敏度传感器输入22S各自包括电容板或电极垫,它们形成电容器和电子电路24的一部分。将电信号施加于每个电容式开关22和灵敏度传感器输入22S。根据一个实施例,电子电路24提供具有脉冲长度(burstlength)的电信号以使电容式传感器带电荷。电荷脉冲长度决定感应激活场的基础振幅和相对应的接近开关22的灵敏度。根据一个实施例,通过改变施加的电信号的电荷脉冲长度,可以改变各个接近开关22的灵敏度。根据另一实施例,可以改变对比阈值从而改变各个接近开关22的灵敏度。
如图2所示,开关总成20具有电容器和电子电路24,该开关总成20包括电容板/垫26和在电路板25上形成的导线28。电路板25被组装在头顶控制台12中。头顶控制台12夹在顶部30和顶篷32中间以致头顶控制台12从顶篷32伸出。
图3至图5表示电容式接近开关传感器的示例。根据一个实施例,在图3中表示戴手套52的使用者手指50,其用戴手套的手指驱动接近开关22。接近开关22的驱动可以通过使用者手指的碰擦动作实现,该碰擦动作可以接触传感器壳体的外表面或可以充分接近开关22以便手指穿过感应激活场。在一个实施例中,任何接近开关22的激活都可以引起装置执行指定的功能。例如,接近开关的激活可以引起车顶基于控制程序在打开或关闭方向上移动、或停止运动。根据另一实施例,多个传感器或传感器阵列中每一个传感器都可以被激活从而提供各个控制功能,以便一个传感器阵列可以打开车顶、另一个传感器阵列可以关闭车顶、以及另外一个传感器阵列可以使车顶倾斜。另外,接近开关可以包括一个或多个光源35,该光源从背后照亮电路板34或在电路板34和控制台表面之间发光,以便发出的光穿过开关的控制台表面被看见。
图4所示的接近开关22具有电路板基板34和多个产生激活场的传感器36。在本实施例中,多个电容式传感器36产生多个交叠的感应激活场40。应该认识到的是,整体激活场40可以具有由各拱形场40形成的矩形形状。
根据另一实施例,如图5所示,可以采用单独的电容式传感器设置36以产生单独的激活场40。该单独的激活场可以在总体上呈矩形或圆形的区域具有总体上拱形的场。应该认识到的是,形成任何数量激活场的任何数量的电容式传感器都可以用于感应接近开关22的激活。
参照图6,其表示根据一个实施例的接近开关总成20。所示一个或多个接近开关22为控制器42提供输入。另外,灵敏度传感器输入22S为控制器42提供输入。控制器42可以包括控制电路,例如微处理器44和存储器46。应认识到的是,可以采用其它模拟和/或数字控制电路来提供灵敏度控制调节。控制器42处理一个或多个存储在存储器46中的程序100,微处理器44可以基于一个或多个接近开关22和灵敏度传感器输入22S的输入执行程序100。应该认识到的是,控制器42可以基于使用者选择的灵敏度传感器输入22S调节接近开关22的灵敏度。因而每个接近开关22的灵敏度基于使用者选择的灵敏度进行调节并且用于探测一个或多个使用者的驱动。
控制器42还向一个或多个装置16提供控制输出从而基于使用者对一个或多个接近开关22的激活来控制这些装置。例如,可以基于开关22的激活控制车顶打开或关闭。在这种情况下,当开关22的感应激活场超过阈值时可以产生输出。
在所示实施例中,表示和描述了用于接收使用者输入以改变接近开关22的灵敏度的单独并且分立的灵敏度传感器输入22S。根据一个实施例,灵敏度输入22S可以包括专门的接近开关,例如电容式开关。根据另一实施例,灵敏度输入可以是共用开关,其执行一个或多个控制功能并且还按照预先确定的协议接收灵敏度输入。例如,执行一个功能,例如打开或关闭车顶的接近开关22,还可以作为灵敏度传感器输入,据此使用者提供一个或多个依照手法的输入,例如在接近开关22上轻击预先确定的次数或将手指保持在接近开关22上最小的时间段,从而导致开关22进入灵敏度输入模式。
参照图7,其表示基于使用者对灵敏度传感器输入22S的驱动来控制接近开关灵敏度的灵敏度控制程序100。程序100从步骤102开始,然后进入步骤104,处理感应激活场。接下来,程序100在判断框106确定感应激活场是否超过阈值,如果超过了阈值,则在步骤108输出信号。如果感应激活场没有超过阈值,则程序100进入判断框110,确定是否已收到表示使用者激活灵敏度输入以改变接近开关灵敏度的使用者灵敏度传感器输入。如果没收到灵敏度输入,则程序100回到步骤104,继续以当前的灵敏度设置处理感应激活信号。如果已收到使用者灵敏度输入,则程序100进入步骤112,按照选择的灵敏度输入调节接近开关的灵敏度。根据一个实施例,灵敏度的调节在选择数量的设置中可以包括灵敏度的递增变化,例如三个等级的灵敏度(例如低级、中级和高级)并且在灵敏度传感器输入22S的每个连续驱动后,依次递增通过每个等级。应该认识到的是,根据其它实施例,可以基于两个或多个设置中的任何数量的设置调节接近开关的灵敏度。通过改变施加在每个接近开关上的电信号的电荷脉冲长度可以调节接近开关22的灵敏度。根据另一实施例,可以调节用于对比的阈值以改变接近开关22的灵敏度。
参照图8,其表示感应激活场60与阈值70的对比。当感应激活场60超过阈值70时,探测到接近开关的驱动。根据一个实施例,使用者可以改变接近开关的灵敏度从而将阈值70改变为较低的阈值以增加灵敏度,或可以增加阈值70以减少灵敏度。可选择地,可以改变激活信号60的数量级从而通过改变电荷脉冲长度增加或减少信号60以便调节接近开关的灵敏度。
因此,接近开关设置有利地为使用者提供了对车辆10上提供的接近开关22的调节。通过使用者选择的灵敏度输入22S来调节接近开关22的灵敏度,使用者可以改变对激活手指探测的灵敏度以便适应戴手套的使用者的使用者手指。另外,灵敏度的改变可以适应在使用者激活中的其它变量,例如可以导致手指与传感器距离更远的不同长度的手指、不同的使用者手指甲长度、或使用者使用的特定的碰擦动作手法。
应当理解,在不背离本发明概念的情况下,上述结构可以做出变化和改进,还应当理解,这些概念应由权利要求覆盖,除非这些权利要求通过它们的语言清楚地另外指明。

Claims (20)

1.一种具有灵敏度控制的接近开关,其特征在于,包含:
接近传感器,其提供感应激活场;
控制电路,其处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活;以及
使用者灵敏度输入,其用于接收使用者选择的灵敏度输入,其中所述控制电路基于使用者选择的灵敏度输入控制对比的灵敏度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近开关安装于车辆中,用于由车辆中乘客使用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近传感器包含电容式传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的接近开关,其特征在于,通过控制对电容式传感器施加的电信号的脉冲长度调节所述灵敏度。
5.根据权利要求3所述的接近开关,其特征在于,通过改变阈值调节所述灵敏度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述使用者灵敏度输入包含电容式开关。
7.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,还包含用于对接触装置提供输出信号的输出。
8.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述使用者灵敏度输入包含专用的使用者驱动的开关。
9.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述使用者灵敏度输入包含一个或多个共用开关。
10.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述使用者灵敏度输入用于控制多个接近开关的灵敏度。
11.一种具有灵敏度控制的车辆电容式开关,其特征在于,包含:
电容式传感器,其安装在车辆中并且提供感应激活场;
控制电路,其处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活;以及
使用者灵敏度输入,其用于接收使用者选择的灵敏度输入,其中所述控制电路基于使用者选择的灵敏度输入控制对比的灵敏度。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电容式开关,其特征在于,还包含用于对接触装置提供输出信号的输出。
13.一种用可调整的灵敏度控制感应使用者接近的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包含:
用接近传感器提供感应激活场;
处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对接近传感器的激活;
探测使用者灵敏度输入;以及
基于使用者灵敏度输入调节对比的灵敏度。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接近传感器安装于车辆中,用于由车辆中乘客使用。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接近传感器包含电容式传感器。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,通过控制对电容式传感器施加的电信号的脉冲长度调节所述灵敏度。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,通过改变阈值调节所述灵敏度。
18.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述探测使用者灵敏度输入的步骤包含用专用的灵敏度输入感应使用者输入。
19.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述探测使用者灵敏度输入的步骤包含用共用输入感应使用者输入。
20.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,还包含基于对比输出控制信号从而控制装置的步骤。
CN2012101546875A 2011-06-09 2012-05-17 具有灵敏度控制的接近开关及其方法 Pending CN102820875A (zh)

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