CN102820876A - 具有认知灵敏度的接近开关及其方法 - Google Patents
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- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/945—Proximity switches
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- E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
- E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
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- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K2217/960705—Safety of capacitive touch and proximity switches, e.g. increasing reliability, fail-safe
Abstract
本发明提供一种具有认知的灵敏度控制的车辆接近开关及方法。该开关包括例如电容式传感器的接近传感器,其安装在车辆中并且提供感应激活场。该开关还包括感应控制电路,其用于处理激活场以通过对比激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活。该开关还包括灵敏度控制电路,其用于基于使用者对传感器的激活认知使用者灵敏度并控制一个或多个接近开关的灵敏度。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及开关,更具体地,涉及具有增强的灵敏度控制的接近开关。
背景技术
机动车辆通常配备有各种由使用者驱动的开关,例如用于操作装置的开关,这些装置包括电动车窗、前灯、风档刮水器、车顶或天窗、车内照明、无线电广播和娱乐装置、以及多种其它装置。通常,为了激活或停用装置或发挥某些类型的控制功能,这些类型的开关需要由使用者驱动。诸如电容式开关的接近开关利用一个或多个接近传感器产生感应激活场,并且感应表示通常由使用者的手指近距离或接触传感器引起的使用者对开关的驱动的激活场的变化。接近开关通常配置为基于感应激活场和阈值的对比从而探测使用者对开关的激活。不幸的是,不同的使用者常常具有不同大小的手指、不同长度的手指甲、不同的驱动手法,并且可能戴着呈现出不同介电性能的手套,所有这一切都可能影响激活场和阈值之间的对比结果,该结果可以导致不同的驱动探测级别。需要提供一种允许这种使用中的变化的增强的接近开关。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种具有认知的灵敏度控制的接近开关。该接近开关包括一个或多个提供感应激活场的接近传感器。该接近开关还包括感应控制电路,其用于处理激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活。接近开关还包括基于使用者对灵敏度传感器的激活来认知使用者灵敏度并基于已认知的使用者灵敏度来控制开关灵敏度的灵敏度控制电路。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种具有认知的灵敏度控制的车辆电容式开关。该电容式开关包括安装在车辆中并且提供感应激活场的电容式传感器。该电容式开关还包括用于处理激活场以通过对比激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活的感应控制电路。该电容式开关还包括基于使用者对灵敏度传感器的激活来认知使用者灵敏度并基于已认知的使用者灵敏度来控制电容式开关灵敏度的灵敏度控制电路。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种用认知的灵敏度控制感应使用者接近的方法。该方法包括用接近传感器提供感应激活场的步骤,以及处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对接近传感器的激活的步骤。该方法还包括基于灵敏度传感器的激活来认知使用者灵敏度的步骤,以及基于已认知的使用者灵敏度来调节接近传感器的灵敏度的步骤。
本领域技术人员通过研究本说明书、权利要求以及附图将会更好地理解和认识本发明的这些和其他方面、目的、以及特征。
附图说明
图中:
图1是具有头顶控制台的机动车辆的乘客室的透视图,该头顶控制台采用根据一个实施例的具有认知的灵敏度控制的接近开关;
图2是顶篷中的头顶控制台的分解图,其进一步说明图1中表示的接近开关;
图3是沿图1的线III-III的一个横截面视图,其相对于戴手套的手指进一步说明接近传感器,例如认知的灵敏度传感器的输入;
图4是根据一个实施例沿着具有多个重叠的感应激活场的接近传感器的横截面视图;
图5是根据另一个实施例沿着具有单一感应激活场的接近传感器的横截面视图;
图6是表示根据一个实施例的具有认知的灵敏度控制的接近开关总成的框图;
图7是表示根据第一实施例的启动灵敏度认知的程序的流程图;
图8是表示根据第二实施例的启动灵敏度认知的程序的流程图;
图9是表示根据第三实施例的启动灵敏度认知的程序的流程图;
图10是表示根据一个实施例的调节一个或多个接近开关灵敏度的程序的流程图;以及
图11是表示感应激活场和认知的灵敏度阈值对比的曲线图。
具体实施方式
按照要求,此处公开了本发明详细的实施例;然而,应当理解,所公开的实施例仅仅是本发明的示例,这些示例可以以各种不同的和选择性的方式实现。附图不一定是详细设计的;一些图表可能被放大或缩小以显示总体的功能。因此,此处公开的具体结构性和功能性的细节不应视为对本发明的限制,而仅仅是为了教导本领域技术人员从多方面使用本发明而作为具有代表性的基础。
参照图1和图2,其总体上表示机动车辆10的内部,根据一个实施例,其具有乘客室18和开关总成20,开关总成20采用多个具有认知的灵敏度控制的接近开关22。车辆10总体上包括组装在乘客室18顶部的车顶或天花板30下侧的顶篷32上的头顶控制台12,该头顶控制台12总体上在前排乘客座位区的上方。根据一个实施例,将含有具有灵敏度控制的接近开关22的开关总成20设置在头顶控制台12。多种接近开关22可以控制大量车辆装置和功能中的任何装置和功能,例如控制天窗或车顶16的运动、激活例如车内地图/阅读灯和顶灯14这样的一个或多个照明装置以及多种其它装置和功能。然而,应该认识到的是,接近开关22和灵敏度控制使用者输入可以位于车辆10的其它位置,例如在仪表板中、在例如中心控制台这样的其它控制台上、与无线电广播的触摸屏显示器或例如导航和音频显示器这样的娱乐系统整合、或者位于车辆10上的其它位置。
根据一个实施例,这里的接近开关22表示和描述为电容式开关。每个接近开关22包括至少一个接近传感器,其提供感应激活场以感应使用者相对于一个或多个接近传感器的接触或近距离接近,例如使用者手指的碰擦动作。因此,在示例性实施例中,每个接近开关22的感应激活场是电容电场,并且使用者的手指具有引起感应激活场变化或干扰的导电性和介电性,这对那些本领域的技术人员来说是很显然的。然而,本领域技术人员还应该认识到的是,可以使用其他的或可选择的类型的接近开关,例如但不限于电感式传感器、光学传感器、温度传感器、电阻式传感器等等或它们的结合。2009年4月9日爱特梅尔公司的10620D-AT42-04/09触摸式传感器设计指南(Touch Sensors Design Guide)中描述了示例性的接近传感器,该文献在这里以参考引用的方式结合于此。
图1所示的接近开关22中的每个接近开关22都提供对车辆组件或装置的控制或提供指定的控制功能。一个或多个接近开关22可以专门用于控制天窗或车顶16的运动从而引起车顶在打开或关闭的方向上移动、使车顶倾斜或基于控制法则使车顶停止运动。其它接近开关22可以专门用于控制其它装置,例如打开车内地图/阅读灯、关闭地图/阅读灯、打开或关闭顶灯、打开汽车尾部的行李箱、打开后舱口或者使门灯开关无效。通过接近开关进行的其它控制可以包括驱动门的电动车窗上升和下降。通过这里所描述的接近开关22可以控制多种其它的车辆控制。
另外,提供灵敏度传感器输入22S以允许使用者开启认知和控制各种不同的接近开关22的灵敏度的灵敏度认知过程。在一个实施例中,灵敏度传感器输入22S是实施为接近开关的电容式传感器,例如根据一个实施例的电容式开关。根据一个实施例,通过驱动在此描述的灵敏度传感器输入22S,开启灵敏度认知过程来认知使用者驱动的灵敏度,并且基于认知的灵敏度来调整各种不同的接近开关22的灵敏度。因此,例如手和手指上戴着手套的使用者,可以开启灵敏度认知过程,以改变接近开关22的灵敏度从而增加灵敏度以适应手或手指戴上手套或者在不戴手套时降低灵敏度。还可以利用灵敏度认知过程改变灵敏度以适应使用者的手指、手指甲尺寸以及碰擦手法中的差异,碰擦手法例如在碰擦输入动作过程中从手指到接近开关22的距离。使用者手指的导电性可能在使用者间不同,这导致了对感应激活场的不同改变或干扰。灵敏度认知过程有利地调整灵敏度,以补偿使用中的这些变量。
在电容式传感器的实施例中,接近开关22和灵敏度传感器输入22S各自包括电容板或电极垫,它们形成电容器和电子电路24的一部分。将电信号施加于每个电容式开关22和灵敏度传感器输入22S。根据一个实施例,电子电路24提供具有脉冲长度(burst length)的电信号以使电容式传感器带电荷。电荷脉冲长度决定感应激活场的基础振幅和相对应的接近开关22的灵敏度。根据一个实施例,通过改变施加的电信号的电荷脉冲长度,可以改变各个接近开关22的灵敏度。根据另一实施例,可以改变对比阈值从而改变各个接近开关22的灵敏度。
如图2所示,开关总成20具有电容器和电子电路24,该开关总成20包括电容板/垫26和在电路板25上形成的导线28。电路板25被组装在头顶控制台12中。头顶控制台12夹在顶部30和顶篷32中间以致头顶控制台12从顶篷32伸出。
图3至图5表示电容式接近开关传感器的示例。根据一个实施例,在图3中表示戴手套52的使用者手指50,其用戴手套的手指驱动接近开关22。接近开关22的驱动可以通过使用者手指的碰擦动作实现,该碰擦动作可以接触传感器壳体的外表面或可以充分接近开关22以便手指穿过感应激活场。在一个实施例中,任何接近开关36的激活都可以引起装置执行指定的功能。例如,接近开关的激活可以引起车顶基于控制程序在打开或关闭方向上移动、或停止运动。根据另一实施例,多个传感器或传感器阵列中每一个传感器都可以被激活从而提供各个控制功能,以便一个传感器阵列可以打开车顶、另一个传感器阵列可以关闭车顶、以及另外一个传感器阵列可以使车顶倾斜。另外,接近开关22可以包括一个或多个光源35,该光源从背后照亮电路板34或在电路板34和控制台表面之间发光,以便发出的光穿过开关的控制台表面被看见。
图4所示的接近开关22具有电路板基板34和多个产生激活场的传感器36。在本实施例中,多个电容式传感器36产生多个交叠的感应激活场40。应该认识到的是,整体激活场40可以具有由各拱形场40形成的矩形形状。
根据另一实施例,如图5所示,可以采用单独的电容式传感器设置36以产生单独的激活场40。该单独的激活场可以在总体上呈矩形或圆形的区域具有总体上拱形的场。应该认识到的是,形成任何数量激活场的任何数量的电容式传感器都可以用于感应接近开关22的激活。
参照图6,其表示根据一个实施例的接近开关总成20。所示一个或多个接近开关22为控制器42提供输入。另外,灵敏度传感器输入22S为控制器42提供输入。控制器42可以包括控制电路,例如微处理器44和存储器46。控制电路可以包括感应控制电路和灵敏度控制电路,该感应控制电路通过对比激活场和阈值来处理激活场以感应使用者对开关的激活,该灵敏度控制电路电路基于使用者对开关的激活来认知使用者的灵敏度并基于已认知的灵敏度来控制接近开关的灵敏度。应认识到的是,可以采用其它模拟和/或数字控制电路来处理激活场,认知使用者灵敏度,以及控制接近传感器的灵敏度。
控制器42处理包括灵敏度开启程序100和灵敏度调节程序200的一个或多个存储在存储器46中的程序,微处理器44可以基于一个或多个接近开关22和灵敏度传感器输入22S的输入执行程序100。应该认识到的是,控制器42可以基于按照开启过程认知的已认知的灵敏度来调节接近开关22的灵敏度,使用者可以依照预先确定的协议凭借该开启过程驱动灵敏度传感器的输入22S。每个接近开关22的灵敏度基于已认知的灵敏度进行调节并且用于探测一个或多个使用者的驱动。
控制器42还向一个或多个装置16提供控制输出从而基于使用者对一个或多个接近开关22的激活来控制这些装置。例如,可以基于开关22的激活控制车顶打开或关闭。在这种情况下,当感应激活场超过阈值时可以产生输出。
控制器42还表示为从测量环境温度的温度传感器接收温度输入35,接近开关22安装在所述环境中,例如车辆10的乘客室。控制器42可以基于感应到的温度控制接近传感器的灵敏度。根据一个实施例,当感应到的温度降低时接近开关的灵敏度将提高,而感应到的温度升高时灵敏度将降低。因此,会影响接近开关42的灵敏度的温度的变化藉此得到补偿。
在所示实施例中,表示和描述了用于接收使用者输入以开启灵敏度认知过程和认知接近开关22的灵敏度设置的单独并且分立的灵敏度传感器输入22S。根据一个实施例,灵敏度输入22S可以包括专门的接近开关,例如电容式开关。根据另一实施例,灵敏度输入可以是共用开关,其执行一个或多个控制功能并且还按照预先确定的协议接收灵敏度输入。例如,执行一个功能,例如打开或关闭车顶的接近开关22,还可以作为灵敏度传感器输入,据此使用者提供依照手法的输入,例如在接近开关22上轻击预先确定的次数或将手指保持在接近开关22上最小的时间段,从而导致开关22进入灵敏度输入模式。一旦进入灵敏度输入模式,就可以驱动开关以开启灵敏度认知并认知使用者的灵敏度,使得所有的接近开关22的灵敏度都能够得到调节。
参照图7,其表示根据第一实施例,开启灵敏度认知和控制过程的灵敏度开启程序100。灵敏度开启程序100结合戴手套的使用者的情况进行说明,但是,应该认识到的是,灵敏度认知和控制同样也适用于不戴手套的情况。在此实施例中,灵敏度开启程序100从步骤102开始,然后进入步骤104,在此步骤中使用者用戴手套的手触摸灵敏度输入传感器以开始灵敏度认知以及控制过程。在步骤106中,使用者用戴手套的手指触摸开关并使戴手套的手指在灵敏度开关上保持一段预定的时间,如五秒钟。在步骤108中,使用者继续触摸灵敏度传感器直到阅读灯14闪烁预定的次数,如两次。在步骤110中,在阅读灯闪烁之后,使用者将戴手套的手指从灵敏度传感器上移开,然后观察到蜂鸣声以及阅读灯14的两次附加的闪烁。一旦开启认知过程,灵敏度调节程序200就测量使用者的灵敏度以认知灵敏度设置,也就是要用来控制接近开关的灵敏度。在步骤112完成灵敏度认知过程100。
参照图8,其表示根据第二实施例,关于使用者使用戴手套的手的灵敏度开启程序100’。在此实施例中,灵敏度开启程序100’从步骤102开始,然后进入步骤124,在此步骤中使用者用戴手套的手去触摸灵敏度传感器来开始这个过程。接下来,在步骤126,使用者用戴手套的手指触摸灵敏度传感器,并且在灵敏度开关上保持一段预定的时间,如五秒钟。在步骤128中,使用者继续保持在灵敏度传感器上直到阅读灯14闪烁预定的次数,如两次。在步骤126和128的过程中,灵敏度调节程序200认知使用者的灵敏度并且调节接近开关的灵敏度。然后在步骤130中,使用者可以将戴手套的手指从灵敏度传感器上移开,然后在步骤132完成灵敏度开启程序。
参照图9,其表示根据第三实施例,关于使用者使用戴手套的手的灵敏度开启程序100”。在此实施例中,灵敏度开启程序100”从步骤142开始,然后进入步骤144,在此步骤中使用者用戴手套的手去触摸灵敏度传感器来开始这个过程。接下来,在步骤146,使用者用同一手指,轻轻地触摸表示为全部开启开关的第一接近开关,然后快速触摸表示为全部关闭开关的第二接近开关。在步骤148,使用者立即将同一手指移到表示为门灯无效接近开关的第三接近开关,然后触摸并且保持在第三开关上直到出现可听音及/或可见光。在输出可听音及/或光后,使用者返回并保持在灵敏度传感器上直到在步骤150输出可听音,然后在步骤152完成这个过程。在此实施例中,使用了如门灯无效接近开关的专门的接近开关来感应使用者的灵敏度,并且使用已认知的灵敏度值来控制所有的接近开关。
参照图10,其表示根据一个实施例,认知使用者的灵敏度以及基于已认知的使用者灵敏度来调节接近开关灵敏度的灵敏度调节程序200。程序200从步骤202开始,然后进入步骤204,等待激活信号达到触发水平。程序200在判断步骤206确定峰值信号是否超过(穿过)触发水平至少预定的计数值XX,如果没有超过,则在步骤208中没有当时提升的情况下在所有的接近开关上增加脉冲长度计数值YY。如果峰值信号超过触发水平至少计数值XX,则程序200进入判断步骤210以确定峰值信号是否超过(穿过)触发水平至少计数值ZZ,如果是,则在没有当时提升的情况下在所有的接近开关上减少脉冲值计数值YY。
根据一个实例,灵敏度调节程序200可以使用计数为20的触发水平值,并且可以比较峰值信号和计数为10的预定计数值XX,以确定峰值信号是否超过触发水平10计数,如果超过了,则增加脉冲长度计数为10的计数值YY。在此实例中,可以比较峰值信号和计数为150的预定计数值ZZ,并且如果峰值信号超过触发水平150计数,则减少脉冲长度计数为10的计数值YY。由于任意特定值都可以用来调节接近开关的灵敏度,所以以上计数值仅仅作为示例。
根据一个实施例,基于灵敏度的三个等级利用已认知的灵敏度来调节接近开关的灵敏度,这三个等级由小于XX的计数值,在XX与ZZ之间的计数值,以及大于ZZ的计数值表示。灵敏度的调节可以在选择两个或更多数量的设置中通过灵敏度的递增变化来实现,例如三个等级的灵敏度(例如低级、中级和高级)。应该认识到的是,可以基于两个或多个灵敏度设置中的任何数量的灵敏度设置调节接近开关的灵敏度。根据一个实施例,通过改变施加在每个接近开关上的电信号的电荷脉冲长度可以调节接近开关22的灵敏度。根据另一实施例,可以调节用于对比的阈值以改变接近开关22的灵敏度。
参照图8,其表示感应激活场60与阈值70的对比。当感应激活场60超过阈值70时,探测到接近开关的驱动。根据一个实施例,可以认知使用者的灵敏度并且用来改变接近开关的灵敏度从而减小阈值70以增加灵敏度,或可以增加阈值70以减少灵敏度。可选择地,可以改变激活信号60的数量级从而通过改变电荷脉冲长度增加或减少信号60以便调节接近开关的灵敏度。
因此,接近开关设置有利地为认知的使用者提供了对车辆10上提供的接近开关22的灵敏度调节。通过已认知的灵敏度来认知和调节接近开关22的灵敏度,可以实现对激活手指的探测的灵敏度增强,以适应戴手套的使用者的手指。另外,灵敏度的改变可以适应在使用者激活中的其它变量,例如可以导致手指与传感器距离更远的不同长度的手指、不同的使用者手指甲长度、或使用者使用的特定的碰擦动作手法。
应当理解,在不背离本发明概念的情况下,上述结构可以做出变化和改进,还应当理解,这些概念应由权利要求覆盖,除非这些权利要求通过它们的语言清楚地另外指明。
Claims (20)
1.一种具有认知的灵敏度控制的接近开关,其特征在于,包含:
一个或多个接近传感器,其提供感应激活场;
感应控制电路,其处理激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活;以及
灵敏度控制电路,其基于使用者对灵敏度传感器的激活来认知使用者的灵敏度,并且基于已认知的使用者灵敏度来控制开关的灵敏度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近开关安装于车辆中,用于由车辆中乘客使用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近开关包含电容式传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的接近开关,其特征在于,通过调节对电容式传感器施加的电信号的脉冲长度控制所述开关的灵敏度。
5.根据权利要求3所述的接近开关,其特征在于,通过改变阈值调节所述开关的灵敏度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述灵敏度控制电路根据传感器的激活来执行认知程序。
7.根据权利要求6所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述灵敏度控制电路感应使用者戴着手套。
8.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,其还包含用于感应温度的温度传感器,其中基于感应到的温度进一步控制所述接近开关的灵敏度。
9.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,还包含用于对控制装置提供输出信号的输出。
10.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述灵敏度传感器包含专门的使用者驱动开关。
11.一种具有认知的灵敏度控制的车辆电容式开关,其特征在于,包含:
电容式传感器,其安装在车辆中并且提供感应激活场;
感应控制电路,其处理激活场,以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对开关的激活;以及
灵敏度控制电路,其基于使用者对灵敏度传感器的激活来认知使用者灵敏度,并且基于已认知的使用者灵敏度来控制电容式开关的灵敏度。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电容式开关,其特征在于,还包含用于对接触装置提供输出信号的输出。
13.一种用已认知的灵敏度控制感应使用者接近的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包含:
用接近传感器提供感应激活场;
处理感应激活场以通过对比感应激活场和阈值来感应使用者对接近传感器的激活;
探测使用者灵敏度输入;以及
基于灵敏度传感器的激活认知使用者的灵敏度;以及
基于已认知的使用者灵敏度调节接近传感器的灵敏度。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接近传感器安装于车辆中,用于由车辆中乘客使用。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接近传感器包含电容式传感器。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,通过控制对电容式传感器施加的电信号的脉冲长度调节所述灵敏度。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,通过改变阈值调节所述灵敏度。
18.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述认知使用者灵敏度的步骤包含在专用的灵敏度传感器的激活过程中认知使用者的灵敏度。
19.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述认知程序由控制电路根据灵敏度传感器的激活来执行。
20.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,还包含基于对比输出控制信号从而控制装置的步骤。
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Also Published As
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DE102012209356A1 (de) | 2012-12-13 |
US8975903B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
CN102820876B (zh) | 2017-11-14 |
US20120312676A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
RU2012123972A (ru) | 2013-12-20 |
RU2605916C2 (ru) | 2016-12-27 |
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