CN102912829B - Single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912829B CN102912829B CN201210390366.5A CN201210390366A CN102912829B CN 102912829 B CN102912829 B CN 102912829B CN 201210390366 A CN201210390366 A CN 201210390366A CN 102912829 B CN102912829 B CN 102912829B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof, aiming to solve the problems that the equipment in the prior art is complicated and inconvenient to install, similar equipment cannot be distinguished. The single-point-sensing-based household water intelligent monitoring method comprises the following steps: 1, monitoring equipment initializes parameters; 2, the monitoring equipment waits for a user to read a water using record; 3, the monitoring equipment waits for a water using event, if no water using event occurs, the monitoring equipment continues waiting for a water using event, and if a water using event occurs, the monitoring equipment executes a step 4; 4, the monitoring equipment judges whether the water using event is carried out by opening an valve; 5, the monitoring equipment judges the type of the water using event; 6, the monitoring equipment judges whether the water using event is known; 7, the monitoring equipment judges ending of the water using event, and estimates the water using amount in the water using event; 8, data in a memory of the monitoring equipment is processed to be convenient for the user to read; and 9, the monitoring equipment waits for an exiting command, if no exiting command is received, the monitoring equipment returns to the step 3 and repeats the steps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly to the monitoring method of domestic water situation and checkout equipment thereof, or rather, the present invention relates to a kind of domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof based on single-point perception.
Background technology
At present, intelligent domestic Objective Concept imagination originally is progressively moved towards reality, and wetting system is monitored this application and also caused gradually people's attention.
Aspect water monitoring, there are at present three kinds of methods:
1. use traditional water meter to record water supply volume, but can only reflect sole user's water supply volume information, and cannot identify water event, do not belong to home furnishings intelligent category.
2. use the design based on distributed sensor.
3. the people such as U.S. Fogarty is preferentially attached to the outside of the main water pipe of family with microphone, for monitoring the sound of current in water pipe, then by pattern recognition theory, differentiates different water situations.
But method 1 does not belong to home furnishings intelligent category, be the simplest tradition note water yield mode, precision is poor, and the information reflecting is single.Method 2 equipment are complicated, be not easy to install, and cost are higher.Method 3 can not region class like equipment; And can not identify concurrent event, maximum shortcoming is to predict the water supply volume information of each event.For the assessment of the water yield, very ripe ways and means was not abroad proposed yet, in the water quantity monitoring method of industrial realization because fancy price can not be applied in the family.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to have overcome that prior art exists that precision information poor, that reflect is single, complicated being not easy to of equipment installed and can not be distinguished the problems such as similar devices, and a kind of domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof based on single-point perception is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the step of the described domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception is as follows:
1. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device initiation parameter based on single-point perception:
Operator empties the data storage in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception, and water time and water supply volume make zero;
2. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception waits for that user reads water record by computer interface at any time;
3. whether the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is waited for has water event to occur, if do not have water event to occur, whether have water event occur, if there is water event to occur, carry out next step 4 if continuing to wait for;
4. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether to have occurred water event;
5. which kind of water event judges be to the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception;
6. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether it is known water event;
7. the judgement of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated;
8. the data in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device memory based on single-point perception are processed into the file input/output format of readable in computer, so that user reads data;
9. wait for exiting command of the whole domestic water monitoring equipment based on single-point perception, if do not exited command, get back to step 3, reciprocal with this, the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception detects the variation of water supply volume; If exited command, the domestic water monitoring equipment based on single-point perception quits work.
The domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception described in technical scheme judges whether to have occurred water event and refers to:
1) non-slow water event judgement, water tap, shower nozzle, can cause the water event that hydraulic pressure suddenlys change.
2) the slowly judgement of water event, flushes the toilet, and water utilizing process is relatively slow, can not cause the water event of hydraulic pressure sudden change.
It is which kind of water event refers to that the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception described in technical scheme is judged:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception starts the hydraulic pressure data of water event to gather, by the hydraulic pressure sensor being arranged in water pipe, pass the magnitude of voltage of coming, record real-time hydraulic pressure value, and the data of all hydraulic pressure are existed in a read-write storage file;
2) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception reads the hydraulic pressure data in storage file;
3) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is to the data analysis in storage file, and which kind of water event detecting is;
4) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception extracts end time and the water data of water event, and they are stored in memory;
5) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception generates the original deal with data of water event, and these data comprise and which water event all occurred and hydraulic pressure sensor is converted into hydraulic pressure the initial data of voltage;
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception exits this water event deterministic process.
The domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception described in technical scheme is to the data analysis in storage file, and detecting is which kind of water event refers to:
Suppose that we have a known water sequence of events X{X
i∈ R
n, i=1,2 ..., n} and a unknown water sequence of events Y={y
1, y
2..., y
n, for the water sequence of events that obtains in known water sequence of events and unknown water sequence of events mates most, we carry out inner product calculating with unknown water sequence of events by known water sequence of events:
By calculating, we have obtained an array being comprised of inner product value, and we obtain the maximum value in array for next step,
max_value=max(value
i(x,y));i=1,2,3,...,n （4）
In application, we can set the threshold value of a similarity degree, only have maximum inner product value over threshold value just can be identified as and have very high similitude, that is:
max(|max(Value
i)-Pressure
static|,|min(Value
i)-Pressure
static|) （5）
≥Threshold
1,i=1,2,3...n
Pressure in formula
staticrepresent static hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure while not having water event to occur, this hydraulic pressure value is highly stable in having the family of pressure-regulating valve, Threshold
1be the empirical value getting according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of said method explanation hydraulic pressure, is similar to differentiate; Mate with the water event of known water sequence of events which is seen is the most approaching, and then to judge be any water event;
Which kind of water event algorithm 2, be if adopt algorithm 1 successfully not judge, and uses algorithm 2, when the difference of the data extreme value in formula (6) surpasses certain limit, can assert the generation of a water event slowly changing:
|max(Value
i)-min(Value
i)|≥Threshold
2,i=1,2,3...n （6）
Max (Value in formula
i) be the maximum value in the array being calculated by formula (4), min (Value
i) be the minimum value in the array being calculated by formula (4), Threshold
2be the empirical value getting according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of presentation of results hydraulic pressure of above-mentioned formula, is similar to differentiate; When the difference of maximum value and minimum value surpasses Threshold
2time, illustrate that this unknown water sequence of events is with now just approaching at calculated known water sequence of events, and then to judge be any water event.
The domestic water Intelligent monitoring device judgement water event based on single-point perception described in technical scheme finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated to refer to:
Utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R
fcomplete the calculating of water supply volume,
Wherein: △ P. represents the pressure reduction before and after water event, the .Pa of unit; R
f. liquid impedance, R
f=8uL/ π r
4, wherein: r. represents the radius of water pipe, the .cm of unit, the viscosity of u. express liquid, the .Pa.s of unit, L. represents the length of pipe, the .cm of unit;
The R of each water device
fall not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same water device
fbe all not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in water pipe network; Respectively water pipe radius r, liquid viscosity u, the tube length L of each water device are measured in advance, calculate the liquid impedance R of water device
f, then evaluate water supply volume by Poiseuille's law.
A kind of domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception of carrying out the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception comprises that hydraulic pressure sensor, keyset, model are national instrument data capture card, computer and the USB cable of NI myDAQ.
Swivel sub in hydraulic pressure sensor is connected with the water pipe of domestic water, connect on the national instrument data capture card that model is NI myDAQ+5V of No. 2 pin of the plug 1 on keyset end, No. 1 pin of plug 1 connects the earth terminal on the national instrument data capture card that model is NI myDAQ; No. 1 pin of the plug 2 on keyset connects the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 2 pin of plug 2 connect the holding wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 3 pin of plug 2 connect the power line of hydraulic pressure sensor; With the AI0 wiring terminal that line is the national instrument data capture card of NI myDAQ by model, draw connection BNC connector, BNC connector is connected with the BNC slot of keyset, and adopting USB cable is that the national instrument data capture card of NI myDAQ and the USB interface of computer are connected by model.
Keyset described in technical scheme is that the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2, model are that the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin, bnc connector and the wire that model is LT-BNC-50KY form by model.Model is No. 3 pin in the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2 is No. 2 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin with being connected with+5V voltage electric wire with model, model be No. 1 pin and the model of the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2 be No. 1 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin with and ground hold electric wire to be connected, model is that the earth terminal electric wire of the bnc connector that is LT-BNC-50KY with model of No. 1 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin is connected, and model is that the slot electric wire of No. 2 pin of the single plug of PH2.54 spacing 2 bnc connector that is LT-BNC-50KY with model is connected.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention and the hardware device in equipment thereof are simple and be easy to install, than before the design philosophy based on distributed sensor, domestic water intelligent monitoring method and equipment thereof based on single-point perception have cheap, the simple feature with being easy to installation and maintenance of hardware, especially for the application of family's one class, fewer erection equipment has also guaranteed safer life staying idle at home.
2., when domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention and equipment thereof have been realized water behavior monitoring, we have also added the function of equipment power dissipation assessment, the function of namely water event water supply volume assessment.
3. found through experiments, with waterborne, water supply volume for each person every day has following change before and after water checkout equipment installing:
Table 1 is installed water-saving device and is made regular check on whether there is the water supply volume contrast of drainage front and back
By above-mentioned list, can obviously be found out make regular check on whether there is drainage generation if water-saving device is installed, will greatly reduce the wasting phenomenon of the water yield.
Domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention and equipment thereof can Real-Time Monitoring family in the service condition of each water device.Be the service time of water device, the water yield statistics of each water.By the Treatment Analysis to these information, be shown to intuitively user, and provide rational Saving energy to user.Also can the domestic water Intelligent monitoring devices based on single-point perception of the present invention be installed by a large amount of, the real information of domestic water is provided to government and research institution, much more accurate than the information of obtaining by manual record like this.
5. domestic water intelligent monitoring method and the equipment thereof based on single-point perception of the present invention has very significantly cost advantage, will there is very strong competitiveness, to the realization of the popularization of Smart Home and energy-conserving and environment-protective family life, will play strong impetus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the FB(flow block) that the water event in the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention is extracted;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the adapter plate structure that adopts in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception of the present invention forms;
Fig. 4 is national instrument data capture card (National Instruments Data Acquisition:NI myDAQ) the breakdown axonometric projection graph adopting in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is 20 terminal connectors of national instrument data capture card (National Instruments Data Acquisition:NI myDAQ) that adopt in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception of the present invention;
In figure: 1. national instrument data capture card, 2.USB cable, 3.20 wiring terminals, 4. audio cable, 5.DDM banana cable.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail:
Domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention and equipment thereof is for the existing defect of prior art, proposed to reflect more all sidedly user's water information and more rational power-economizing method.While utilizing water event to occur, produce water pressure fluctuations and can carry out the judgement of water event to characteristic and the respective algorithms of water Internet communication, completing the object with water monitoring.
Consult Fig. 1, the step of the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception of the present invention is as follows:
1. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device initiation parameter based on single-point perception:
It is exactly that operator's (clicking the start button on computation interface) empties the data storage in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception that the described domestic water intellectual monitoring based on single-point perception is established initiation parameter, and water time and water supply volume make zero.
2. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception waits for that user reads water record by computer interface, and user can read water data record at any time.
3. whether the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is waited for has water event to occur, if do not have water event to occur, whether have water event occur, if there is water event to occur, carry out next step 4 if continuing to wait for.
4. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether to have occurred water event.Water event is divided into two kinds of situations according to the situation of variation in water pressure speed: the slow water event of the first situation right and wrong occurs, and the second situation is that slow water event occurs.The non-slow water event here, as the tap of fetching boiling water, is opened the water event that the first-class meeting of shower spraying causes hydraulic pressure sudden change, and slowly water event is as flushed the toilet, and this water utilizing process is relatively slow, can not cause the water event of hydraulic pressure sudden change.
The first, non-slow water event, water tap, shower nozzle, can cause the water event that hydraulic pressure suddenlys change.
The second, slowly water event, flushes the toilet, and water utilizing process is relatively slow, can not cause the water event of hydraulic pressure sudden change.
5. consult Fig. 2, it is that the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is judged for which kind of water event; Step is as follows:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception starts the hydraulic pressure data of water event to gather, by the hydraulic pressure sensor being arranged in water pipe, pass the magnitude of voltage of coming, record real-time hydraulic pressure value, and the data of all hydraulic pressure are existed in a read-write storage file.
2) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception reads the hydraulic pressure data in storage file.
3) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception, to the data analysis in storage file, is any water event for detecting, and the analytical method for non-slow water event and slow water event is divided into two kinds of algorithms here.
Suppose that we have a known water sequence of events X{X
i∈ R
n, i=1,2 ..., n} and a unknown water sequence of events Y={y
1, y
2..., y
n, for the water sequence of events that obtains in known water sequence of events and unknown water sequence of events mates most, we carry out inner product calculating with unknown water sequence of events by known water sequence of events:
By calculating, we have obtained an array being comprised of inner product value, and we obtain the maximum value in array for next step.
max_value=max(value
i(x,y));i=1,2,3,...,n （4）
In application, we can set the threshold value of a similarity degree.Only have the maximum inner product value that surpasses threshold value just can be identified as and there is very high similitude, that is:
max(|max(Value
i)-Pressure
static|,|min(Value
i)-Pressure
static|) （5）
≥Threshold
1,i=1,2,3...n
Pressure in formula
staticrepresent static hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure while not having water event to occur, this hydraulic pressure value is highly stable in having the family of pressure-regulating valve, Threshold
1be the empirical value getting according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of said method explanation hydraulic pressure, is similar to differentiate.Mate with the water event of known water sequence of events which is seen is the most approaching, and then to judge be any water event.If successfully judged, be which kind of water event, enter step 4).
Which kind of water event algorithm 2, be if adopt algorithm 1 successfully not judge, and uses algorithm 2, when the difference of the data extreme value in formula (6) surpasses certain limit, can assert the generation of a water event slowly changing, and the formula of mathematical description is as follows:
|max(Value
i)-min(Value
i)|≥Threshold
2,i=1,2,3...n （6）
Max (Value in formula
i) be the maximum value in the array being calculated by formula (4), min (Value
i) be the minimum value in the array being calculated by formula (4), Threshold
2the empirical value getting according to experimental analysis, the presentation of results of above-mentioned formula the fast-changing situation of hydraulic pressure, be similar to differentiate.When the difference of maximum value and minimum value surpasses Threshold
2time, illustrate that this unknown water sequence of events is with now just approaching at calculated known water sequence of events, and then to judge be any water event.If successfully judged, be any water event, enter step 4).If successfully do not judge water event, the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception exits water event deterministic process.
4) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception extracts end time and the water data of water event, and they are stored in memory.
5) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception generates the original deal with data of water event, these data comprise that the hydraulic pressure sensor for example all having occurred, in which water event (tap of fetching boiling water, rushes the events such as toilet) and the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is converted into hydraulic pressure the initial data of voltage.
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception exits this water event deterministic process.
6. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether it is known water event.Having known initial data and having known is any water event, next will analyze this water event.If the water event of None-identified, the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception can notify the unknown water device of user making water, Notification Method is the water supply volume of the water event that shows that on the interface of computer this is unknown, water supply volume is write in the file of host computer simultaneously, if next do not allow equipment quit work, the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception starts the water monitoring of using of a new round.Here normally prevent from stealing the generation of water event and the event of leaking.If known water event enters step 8.
7. the judgement of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated.If judge valve closing event, just to user, use how much water to monitor, water supply volume is reasonably assessed, this time water supply volume is for how many to inform user, and we can utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R
fcomplete the calculating of water supply volume.
Wherein: △ P. represents the pressure reduction before and after water event, the .Pa of unit; R
f. liquid impedance, R
f=8uL/ π r
4, wherein: r. represents the radius of water pipe, the .mm of unit, μ. the viscosity of express liquid, the .Pa.s of unit, L. represents the length of pipe, the .cm of unit.
The R of each water device
fall not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same water device
fbe all not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in water pipe network.Respectively water pipe radius r, liquid viscosity u, the tube length L of each water device are measured in advance, then calculate the liquid impedance R of water device
f, then by Poiseuille's law, evaluate water supply volume, enter next step 8; If judgement valve is not closed, directly enter step 8, wait for that the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception starts a new monitoring circulation.
8. the data in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device memory based on single-point perception are processed into the file input/output format of readable in computer, so that user reads data.
9. wait for exiting command of the whole domestic water monitoring equipment based on single-point perception, if do not exited command, get back to step 3, reciprocal with this, the variation of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device monitoring water supply volume based on single-point perception.If exited command, the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception stops monitoring, exits command and is carried out by the exit button at computation interface, closes the monitoring computer user interface of water.
Domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception of the present invention comprises that hydraulic pressure sensor, keyset, model are national instrument data capture card 1, computer and the USB cable 2 of NI myDAQ.Wherein the model of American National virtual instrument company is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is the core of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception of the present invention.
(1) pressure transmitter that hydraulic pressure sensor Shi You U.S. FORUN Technology company produces, is comprised of wiring terminal, wire, hydraulic pressure transducing part, swivel sub.Wherein:
Wiring terminal is comprised of 3 Du Pont's line slots, 2.54 millimeters of spacing (mm).Three, wire is respectively the holding wire that reference voltage input line, ground wire, hydraulic pressure value are converted to voltage.
Swivel sub is that 1/4 male joint belongs to standard component.Material is highstrenghtpiston.The medium that is applicable to measuring comprises non-corrosive gas, water, wet goods.Be applicable to wall-hung boiler, gas furnace, the pressure measxurement of the various hydraulic pressure such as gasholder, air pressure.
The technical indicator of hydraulic pressure sensor is: range ability: 0-0.5 megapascal (MPa) (MPa); Static accuracy: ± 1.0% full scale (FS-Full Scale); Output signal range: 0.5-4.5 volts (V); Supply voltage: 5.0 ± 0.5 volts of (V) direct currents (DC).
(2) consult Fig. 3, keyset is that the bnc connector that plug 1, wire and model that the plug 2 of 2.54mm row pin, model are 2.54mm row pin are LT-BNC-50KY forms by a model.Bnc connector is a kind of connector for coaxial cable, and full name is Bayonet Nut Connector, namely what is often called thin coaxial cable interface.
No. 3 pin in plug 2 and No. 2 pin in plug 1 are with being connected with+5V voltage electric wire, No. 1 pin of plug 2 is connected with ground end electric wire together with No. 1 pin in plug 1, No. 1 pin in plug 1 is connected with the earth terminal electric wire of bnc connector, and No. 2 pin of plug 2 are connected with the slot electric wire of bnc connector.Connect on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ+5V of No. 12 pin of plug, No. 1 pin of plug 1 connects the ground end on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ; No. 3 pin of plug 2, No. 2 pin, No. 1 pin are connected with three lines of hydraulic pressure sensor successively, No. 1 pin connects the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, the hydraulic pressure value of No. 2 pin connection hydraulic pressure sensors is converted to the output signal line of voltage, and No. 3 pin connect the power line of hydraulic pressure sensors.
(3) model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is the low-cost portable data gathering equipment of a kind of NI of use LabVIEW software development, can use it to measure and analyze live signal.Be applicable to electronic equipment and sensor measurement, it adopts USB interface, provides analog input (AI), simulation output (AO), digital input and output (DIO), audio frequency, power supply and digital versatile table function etc.
Consult Fig. 4, model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ mainly can complete analog input output, by USB cable 2, carry out digital IO, introduces respectively below for every kind of different function:
1. analog input (AI): model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is with 2 analog input channels.Above-mentioned passage can be configured to general high impedance differential voltage input or audio frequency input.Analog input is multiplexed, by an analog-digital converter (ADC), two passages is sampled.Under common-mode, measuring-signal scope is ± 10V.Each passage can be measured analog input up to 200 per second thousand times sampling (KS/s).
2. simulation output (AO): model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is with 2 analog output channels.Above-mentioned passage can be configured to common voltage output or audio frequency output.Two passages all can be used as digital to analog converter (DAC), therefore can synchronously upgrade.Under common-mode, generation range of signal is ± 10V.
3. digital I/O (DIO): model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is with 8 DIO data wires.Every data wire is a programmable function interface (PFI), represents that it can be configured to common software timing digital and input or output, or the special function that can be used as digit counter inputs or outputs.Power supply: model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ has 3 operational power supplys ,+15V power supply, – 15V power supply and+5V power supply.
4. model is that the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ has 20 wiring terminals 3, if Fig. 5 is exactly the connection layout of wiring terminal.Every definition of wiring terminal is as shown in table 5.3.
Table 5.3 wiring terminal signal instruction
Tetrameric annexation is above: the swivel sub in hydraulic pressure sensor i.e. 1/4 male joint is received on the water pipe of domestic water and gathered hydraulic pressure.On hydraulic pressure sensor, there are three lines, be respectively red, white, blue (different sensors may color difference but function is identical), be respectively the reference power line of hydraulic pressure sensor, the hydraulic pressure value of hydraulic pressure sensor is converted to the output signal line of voltage, the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor.Connect on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ+5V of No. 2 pin of the plug 1 on keyset, No. 1 pin of plug 1 connects the ground end (DGND) on the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ; No. 3 pin of plug 2, No. 2 pin, No. 1 pin are connected with three lines of hydraulic pressure sensor successively, No. 3 pin connection red line are the reference power line of hydraulic pressure sensor, it is the output signal line that the hydraulic pressure value of hydraulic pressure sensor is converted to voltage that No. 2 pin connect white wire, and No. 1 pin connects the ground wire that blue line is hydraulic pressure sensor.Then with line, by model, be that AI0 wiring terminal on the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is drawn connection BNC connector, BNC connector is connected with the BNC slot of keyset, and the national instrument data capture card 1 that last model is NI myDAQ adopts supporting USB cable 2 to be connected with the USB interface of computer.
The operating principle of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception:
Our domestic water has formed a network, refers to that our domestic water has formed a large network system, connects each other, and this condition, is the condition that follow-up water detects.In order to prevent that the pressure jump in waterline from causing damage to domestic water device, the hydraulic pressure in Bing Shi family pipeline remains in a safe range, need to add at family's water inlet place a pressure-regulating valve.Operating principle is as follows: as long as the pressure of supply line one side remains on setting value, domestic water side one end will keep stable safe hydraulic pressure.Domestic water network is a closed-loop system.When there is no equipment water, the hydraulic pressure in network keeps a stationary value, and this will give the credit to pressure-regulating valve.At domestic water, form on the basis of network, in water pipe, settle hydraulic pressure sensor, the fluctuation that while being opened with penstock for detection of, hydraulic pressure forms in pipeline, we can call " surge " this phenomenon.By a hydraulic pressure sensor is installed in water network, " surge " phenomenon producing during can perception each watering equipment work, so just the monitoring for the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception provides foundation.Nearly all water event all can produce " surge " phenomenon.Hydraulic pressure sensor detects the variation of hydraulic pressure, and the variation of hydraulic pressure is converted into the variation of voltage, it is that the analog quantity of the national instrument data capture card 1 of NI myDAQ is converted in digital quantity (A/D) passage and carries out A/D conversion that the analog signal again hydraulic pressure sensor being transmitted is sent into model, and output digit signals is given computer and processed.If there is water event, carry out the judgement of water event, otherwise continue monitoring, wait for.After above-mentioned analog quantity is sent in the national instrument data capture card 1 that model is NI myDAQ, mainly see the on off state whether sluice occurs, if occurred, carry out switch events identification, otherwise continue reading out data, wait for and judged whether sluice switch.Judge after the on off state of water event, water event is identified to judgement.Mainly by following three steps, complete water event arbitration functions: (1) initializes, (2) water event is extracted, the judgement of (3) water event.For final water event classification, need to prepare in advance the sample hydraulic pressure data of each equipment.Comprise out that valve event and closing valve event divide other sample data.And by the cluster data form in LabVIEW, store in file with certain form.In each bunch, comprise two basic data elements: character string type and double-precision floating point type array type.Character string type characterizes the name of each equipment, and double-precision floating point type array characterizes the event data of each equipment.Each equipment has two data cells.And these two data cells are divided in two files and are stored.By the difference of file name, distinguish and open valve event sample data file or valve-off sample data.Be after above-mentioned functions completes, carry out the calculating of water supply volume.We utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R water yield evaluation module
fcomplete calculating, △ P wherein represents the pressure reduction before and after water event, can obtain by actual measurement, and the parameter of difficult measurement is R
fthe R of each water device
fall not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same equipment
fbe all not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in water pipe network.R to each equipment respectively
fassessment, then completes the not R of standardized equipment by a kind of general method in advance
fmeasure.Final our R to the equipment of having measured with volumetric standard
fassessment has obtained result of calculation accurately.Whether the user interface by the data that complete above by computer is shown to user, comprises the water supply volume information of each water event, have fixingly with aqueous mode, and each equipment accounts for the percentage of total water amount etc., and proposes more rational water suggestion to user.
Claims (7)
1. the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception, is characterized in that, the step of the described domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception is as follows:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device initiation parameter based on single-point perception:
Operator empties the data storage in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception, and water time and water supply volume make zero;
2) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception waits for that user reads water record by computer interface at any time;
3) whether the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is waited for has water event to occur, if do not have water event to occur, whether have water event occur, if there is water event to occur, carry out next step 4 if continuing to wait for);
4) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether to have occurred water event;
5) which kind of water event judges be to the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception;
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether it is known water event;
7) judgement of the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception water event finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated;
8) data in the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device memory based on single-point perception are processed into the file input/output format of readable in computer, so that user reads data;
9) wait for exiting command of the whole domestic water monitoring equipment based on single-point perception, if do not exited command, get back to step 3), reciprocal with this, the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception detects the variation of water supply volume; If exited command, the domestic water monitoring equipment based on single-point perception quits work.
2. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception judges whether to have occurred water event and refers to:
1) non-slow water event judgement:
Water tap, shower nozzle, can cause the water event that hydraulic pressure suddenlys change;
2) the slowly judgement of water event:
Flush the toilet, water utilizing process is relatively slow, can not cause the water event of hydraulic pressure sudden change.
3. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is which kind of water event refers to that the described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is judged:
1) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception starts the hydraulic pressure data of water event to gather, by the hydraulic pressure sensor being arranged in water pipe, pass the magnitude of voltage of coming, record real-time hydraulic pressure value, and the data of all hydraulic pressure are existed in a read-write storage file;
2) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception reads the hydraulic pressure data in storage file;
3) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is to the data analysis in storage file, and which kind of water event detecting is;
4) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception extracts end time and the water data of water event, and they are stored in memory;
5) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception generates the original deal with data of water event, and these data comprise and which water event all occurred and hydraulic pressure sensor is converted into hydraulic pressure the initial data of voltage;
6) the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception exits this water event deterministic process.
4. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception is to the data analysis in storage file, and detecting is which kind of water event refers to:
Algorithm 1, because initial condition pressure waveform oscillation data comprises a lot of high-frequency noise compositions, therefore first by a low pass filter, using filtered data as original deal with data, when hydraulic pressure data-signal surpasses certain threshold value, there is a water event in sign, this threshold value regulates according to the difference of the static hydraulic pressure of each domestic consumer:
Suppose that we have a known water sequence of events X{X
i∈ R
n, i=1,2 ..., n} and a unknown water sequence of events Y={y
1, y
2..., y
n, for the water sequence of events that obtains in known water sequence of events and unknown water sequence of events mates most, we carry out inner product calculating with unknown water sequence of events by known water sequence of events:
By calculating, we have obtained an array being comprised of inner product value, and we obtain the value in array next step,
max_value=max(value
i(x,y));i=1,2,3,...,n （4）
In application, we set the threshold value of a similarity degree, only have maximum inner product value over threshold value to be just identified as and have very high similitude, that is:
max(|max(Value
i)-Pressure
static|,|min(Value
i)-Pressure
static|) （5）
≥Threshold
1,i=1,2,3...n
Pressure in formula
staticrepresent static hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure while not having water event to occur, this hydraulic pressure value is highly stable in having the family of pressure-regulating valve, Threshold
1be the empirical value getting according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of said method explanation hydraulic pressure, is similar to differentiate; Mate with the water event of known water sequence of events which is seen is the most approaching, and then to judge be any water event;
Which kind of water event algorithm 2, be if adopt algorithm 1 successfully not judge, and uses algorithm 2, when the difference of the data extreme value in formula (6) surpasses certain limit, assert the generation of a water event slowly changing:
|max(Value
i)-min(Value
i)|≥Threshold
2,i=1,2,3...n （6）
Max (Value in formula
i) be the maximum value in the array being calculated by formula (4), min (Value
i) be the minimum value in the array being calculated by formula (4), Threshold
2be the empirical value getting according to experimental analysis, the fast-changing situation of presentation of results hydraulic pressure of above-mentioned formula, is similar to differentiate; When the difference of maximum value and minimum value surpasses Threshold
2time, illustrate that this unknown water sequence of events is with now just approaching at calculated known water sequence of events, and then to judge be any water event.
5. according to the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device judgement water event based on single-point perception finishes, and the water supply volume of this water event is estimated to refer to:
Utilize Poiseuille's law Q=△ P/R
fcomplete the calculating of water supply volume,
Wherein: △ P. represents the pressure reduction before and after water event, the .Pa of unit; R
f. liquid impedance, R
f=8uL/ π r
4, wherein: r. represents the radius of water pipe, the .cm of unit, the viscosity of u. express liquid, the .Pa.s of unit, L. represents the length of pipe, the .cm of unit;
The R of each water device
fall not identical, even the R of the Cold-hot water valve of same water device
fbe all not identical, reason is that hot and cold water has experienced different paths in water pipe network; Respectively water pipe radius r, liquid viscosity u, the tube length L of each water device are measured in advance, calculate the liquid impedance R of water device
f, then evaluate water supply volume by Poiseuille's law.
6. the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception that executes claims the domestic water intelligent monitoring method based on single-point perception described in 1, it is characterized in that, the described domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception comprises that hydraulic pressure sensor, keyset, model are national instrument data capture card (1), computer and the USB cable (2) of NI myDAQ;
Swivel sub in hydraulic pressure sensor is connected with the water pipe of domestic water, connect on the national instrument data capture card (1) that model is NI myDAQ+5V of No. 2 pin of the plug 1 on keyset end, No. 1 pin of the plug 1 on keyset connects the earth terminal on the national instrument data capture card (1) that model is NI myDAQ; No. 1 pin of the plug 2 on keyset connects the ground wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 2 pin of the plug 2 on keyset connect the holding wire of hydraulic pressure sensor, and No. 3 pin of the plug 2 on keyset connect the power line of hydraulic pressure sensor; With the AI0 wiring terminal that line is the national instrument data capture card (1) of NI myDAQ by model, draw connection BNC connector, BNC connector is connected with the BNC slot of keyset, and the USB cable (2) of employing is that the national instrument data capture card (1) of NI myDAQ and the USB interface of computer are connected by model.
7. according to the domestic water Intelligent monitoring device based on single-point perception claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, plug 2, the model that described keyset is 2.54mm row pin by model is that the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin, bnc connector and the wire that model is LT-BNC-50KY form;
Model is No. 3 pin in the plug 2 of 2.54mm row pin is that No. 2 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin are connected with+5V voltage electric wire together with model, model be No. 1 pin and the model of the plug 2 of 2.54mm row pin be No. 1 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin with and hold electric wire to be connected, model is that the earth terminal electric wire of the bnc connector that is LT-BNC-50KY with model of No. 1 pin in the plug 1 of 2.54mm row pin is connected, and model is that the slot electric wire that 2.54mm arranges the bnc connector that No. 2 pin of the plug 2 of pin are LT-BNC-50KY with model is connected.
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| US20110320140A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-12-29 | Andy Butler | Inline Overflow Protection and Leak Detection System and Method |
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| US4297686A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-10-27 | Tom M Dale | Water detection device |
| JP2004317165A (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-11 | Meiko Sangyo Kk | Water tank type pressure-resistant expansion measuring method for high-pressure container |
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