CN102982021A - 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 - Google Patents
用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102982021A CN102982021A CN2012102873450A CN201210287345A CN102982021A CN 102982021 A CN102982021 A CN 102982021A CN 2012102873450 A CN2012102873450 A CN 2012102873450A CN 201210287345 A CN201210287345 A CN 201210287345A CN 102982021 A CN102982021 A CN 102982021A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- character
- heterograph
- pronunciation
- corpus
- note
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/40—Processing or translation of natural language
- G06F40/53—Processing of non-Latin text
Abstract
本发明揭示消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法，所述方法包含：接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及使用区别所述目标符号系统的字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符应用以表示所述输入数据的对应部分的概率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及语言转换，尤其涉及消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义。
背景技术
例如N元语法模型的统计语言模型通常用以通过使用概率分布将概率Pr(W)指配给一序列字W来将一种语言转换或翻译成另一种语言。这些语言模型通常是从一大堆文本(称作语料库)训练且，一般地，俘获每一个字的出现频率和/或语料库内的两个或两个以上字的每一序列。按照惯例，通过训练语言模型而不管语言模型在每一特定上下文中的用法和/或读法来考虑语料库中的特定字的出现。虽然语料库中的大多数字且一般地各自与一种意义相关联且可能地与一个以上正确发音相关联，但是某些字是以完全相同方式书写而具有不同意义和发音/读法(即，同形异音异义词)。举例来说，英文语言中的同形异音异义词的实例为“desert”，其在一种上下文和用法/发音中意味“抛弃”且在另一种上下文和用法/发音中意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”。因此，通过考虑字“desert”的频率而不管字“desert”在语料库中的用法的上下文，常规语言模型最可能看漏第一种含义(“抛弃”)和第二种含义(“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)的字的使用频率的任何差别。
拼音是使用罗马字母表抄录中国国语的标准方法。在拼音音译中，将中文字符的语音发音/读法映射到由罗马字母组成的音节。拼音通常用以经由转换系统将中文字符输入到计算机中。这种系统常常并有统计语言模型以改进转换准确度。某些中文字符具有多个发音/读法(即，同形异音异义中文字符)。然而，并不区别同形异音异义词的不同发音/读法的常规语言模型有时可产生用于与同形异音异义中文字符相关联的拼音的不合需要的中文转换候选者。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例涉及一种方法。所述方法包括在包括存储器和一个或一个以上处理器的装置处：接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
本发明的另一实施例涉及一种电子装置。所述电子装置包括：输入接收单元，其经配置以接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及耦合到所述输入接收单元的转换单元，所述转换单元经配置以使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
附图说明
在以下详细描述和附随图式中揭示本发明的各种实施例。
图1为用于语言转换的系统的实施例的图。
图2为展示经配置以将输入数据转换成目标符号表示的输出的装置的实施例的图。
图3为展示执行语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。
图4A展示在语料库中发现的一序列文本的实例。
图4B展示存储于从语料库训练的语言模型处的一些数据的实例，图4A的文本是从所述语料库发现。
图5为展示用于建立已加以注释的语料库的系统的实施例的图，所述已加以注释的语料库待用以训练待用于语言转换的语言模型。
图6为展示用于对语言模型加以注释并使用语言模型的程序的实施例的流程图。
图7A为展示句子702和句子704的实例，句子702呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子704呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。
图7B为展示句子710和句子712的实例，句子710呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子712呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。
图8A展示使用未加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“不具有注释的语料库”)的实例。
图8B展示使用已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“具有注释的语料库”)的实例。
图9为展示语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。
图10为展示用于将拼音转换成中文字符的程序的实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明可以众多方式来实施，众多方式包含呈现以下各者的形式：程序；设备；系统；物质组成；体现于计算机可读存储媒体上的计算机程序产品；和/或处理器，例如，经配置以执行存储于耦合到处理器的存储器上的和/或由耦合到处理器的存储器提供的指令的处理器。在此说明书中，这些实施方案或本发明可采用的任何其它形式可被称作技术。一般地说，可在本发明的范围内变更所揭示程序的步骤的次序。除非另外陈述，否则，例如描述为经配置以执行任务的处理器或存储器的组件可实施为经暂时配置以在给定时间执行任务的一般组件或经制造以执行任务的特定组件。如本文中所使用，术语“处理器”指代经配置以处理数据(例如，计算机程序指令)的一个或一个以上装置、电路和/或处理芯。
下文连同说明本发明的原理的随附图一起提供本发明的一个或一个以上实施例的详细描述。结合这些实施例描述本发明，但本发明不限于任何实施例。本发明的范围仅通过权利要求书来限制且本发明包括众多替代例、修改和等效物。在以下描述中阐述众多特定细节以便提供对本发明的透彻理解。提供这些细节以用于实例的目的且可在无这些特定细节中的一些特定细节或全部的情况下根据权利要求书实践本发明。为了清晰的目的，未详细描述与本发明有关的技术领域中已知的技术材料，以使得不会不必要地使本发明难理解。
揭示使用语言模型的方法，所述语言模型是针对已加以注释以区别与某些字符相关联的不同读法的语料库训练。在一些实施例中，呈现于与一个以上读法/发音/用法/含义相关联的语料库中的字符的例子是用适合于字符的彼例子的读法/发音/用法/含义加以注释。在一些实施例中，使用针对此已加以注释的语料库训练的语言模型将拼音转换成中文字符。
图1为用于语言转换的系统的实施例的图。在实例中，系统100包含装置102、网络104，和转换服务器106。网络104可包含各种高速数据和/或电信网络。
装置102经配置以接收输入数据。在一些实施例中，输入数据可包含输入文本(例如，罗马字母表)。举例来说，输入数据可包含拼音。虽然将装置102展示为iPhone
但装置102的其它实例可为桌上型计算机、膝上型计算机(例如，MacBook
)、智能电话、移动装置、平板装置(例如，iPad
或iPad 2
)，以及任何其它类型的计算装置。装置102经配置以包含输入区域，在输入区域中，可由装置102来俘获/接收键打和/或手写的字符。这种输入区域的实例包含触摸屏键盘(例如，平板和/或移动电话装置的触摸屏键盘)、实体键盘、轨迹垫(例如，Apple的Magic Trackpad，或MacBook Pro的内置式轨迹垫)、电子书写表面，以及触控板。在各种实施例中，用户可通过与装置102的输入区域互动(例如，通过键打到实体和/或触摸屏键盘中)在装置102处选择输入。在一些实施例中，装置102包含显示区域，在显示区域中，可显示从转换服务器106接收的输出。
在一些实施例中，装置102经配置以经由网络104将所接收输入发送到转换服务器106以供转换服务器106将所接收输入转换成目标符号表示的输出(例如，一组字符)。在一些实施例中，装置102包含与执行类似转换相关联的逻辑、代码和/或所存储数据，且因此可执行输入数据到目标符号表示的输出的转换，而无需经由网络104将数据传输到远程转换服务器106。
转换服务器106经配置以接收数据并将数据转换成另一种形式(例如，目标符号表示的字符)。举例来说，目标符号表示可为中文字符。在一些实施例中，转换服务器106可包含语言模型(例如，从中文字符的语料库训练的)和/或数据库，所述数据库用以存储输入数据的文本与目标符号表示的字符集之间的关联(例如，输入数据到目标符号表示词典)。在一些实施例中，转换服务器106的输出可包含来自输入的转换候选者。举例来说，用于输出的转换候选者可为从语言模型和输入拼音确定的某数目个统计上最可能的(即，很可能的)中文字符。在一些实施例中，将转换服务器106的输出发送回到装置102且在装置102处显示输出(例如，供用户检视和/或关于所显示信息作出进一步选择)。
图2为展示经配置以将输入数据转换成目标符号表示的输出的装置的实施例的图。在一些实施例中，可使用图2的实例来实施系统100的装置102。在一些实施例中，如图2中所说明的装置局部地包含转换服务器106的一个或一个以上功能性，以使得其可执行转换而无需经由网络将数据传输到远程服务器。实例中的装置的所展示组件(例如，显示器202、转换引擎206、词典204、语言模型208，和输入区域210)可使用硬件和软件中的一者或两者来实施。在一些实施例中，装置可具有比实例中所展示的彼等组件多或少的组件。
输入区域210经配置以俘获/接收第一符号表示的一组字符。如上文所叙述，输入区域210的实例包含触摸屏键盘(例如，平板和/或移动电话装置的触摸屏键盘)、实体键盘、轨迹垫(例如，Apple的Magic Trackpad，或MacBook Pro的内置式轨迹垫)、与语音辨识/转换/抄录功能相关联的接收器(例如，麦克风)、电子书写表面，以及触控板。在一些实施例中，输入区域210经配置以从罗马字母表(例如，a、b、c，……等等)接收一个或一个以上文本字符。举例来说，输入区域210可接收拼音，拼音为用于以罗马字母表音译中国国语的系统。用户可(例如)将拼音输入到装置的输入区域210中，以使得装置呈现用户可选择以在装置上以中文“键打”的中文转换候选者。在一些实施例中，输入区域210将输入字符存储为其对应文本编码对应物。文本编码方案的实例包含ASCII、Big5、UTF-8、UTF-16、HKSCS、GB18030和JIS X 0213。
转换引擎206经配置以使用从输入区域210所接收的输入且确定目标符号表示的转换候选者。在一些实施例中，目标符号表示可包含中文字符。在一些实施例中，转换引擎206经配置以在转换输入之前对输入执行预处理。举例来说，如果输入为拼音，那么转换引擎206可将拼音解析成对应于单音节的一个或一个以上字符群组，以准备用于将每一单音节映射到中文转换候选者，这是因为：典型地，每一中文字符是以单音节形式来读法/发音。转换引擎206经配置以存取词典204和语言模型208。词典204可包含用以存储输入数据的字符集与目标符号表示的字符集之间的映射/关联的一个或一个以上数据库。语言模型208可为针对目标符号表示的文本的语料库训练的N元语法模型。在一些实施例中，对用以训练语言模型208的语料库加以注释，以区别目标符号表示的同形异音异义字符的不同读法。举例来说，转换引擎206可首先使用词典204将输入数据的已解析拼音映射到一或多个潜在中文字符转换，且接着从语言模型208中检索对应于彼等潜在中文字符转换的统计信息，以确定候选转换的哪些组合为最可能的。可接着在显示器202处显示字符的最可能组合(例如，供用户检视和/或互动)。显示器202的实例可包含可俘获来自用户的互动的触摸屏，或无法俘获用户互动的其它类型的显示器。
举例来说，如果输入为拼音“nihao”，那么转换引擎206可首先将输入解析成两个单音节字符群组“ni”和“hao”。因为中文字符当中存在许多同音异义词(即，发音相同但具有不同意义的字)，所以输入拼音内的每一单音节群组可潜在地通过词典204映射到若干个可能的中文字符(每一个此字符可以对应单音节拼音群组的语音发音读法)。接着，转换引擎206可检索与中文字符中的每一者和/或其组合有关的统计信息，以确定具有最高概率的字符组合为用户意欲的字符组合。
图3为展示执行语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可在系统处实施程序300，所述系统构建语言模型且也使用所构建语言模型执行语言转换。
在302处，接收文本的语料库。文本的语料库可包含大的和结构化文本集(例如，从各种源搜集)。可以数字方式存储和处理文本的语料库。典型地，语料库含有单一语言文本和/或具有类似于待针对语料库训练的语言模型的输入的形式。举例来说，为了训练用于拼音到中文字符转换的语言模型，语料库可包含呈中文字符形式的文本。
在304处，使用语料库训练语言模型。在一些实施例中，可使用语言模型化工具(例如，IRST语言模型工具箱)来从语料库训练和构建语言模型。举例来说，语言模型化工具可针对在语料库中发现的字符中的每一者和/或字符的每一序列产生N元语法概率。举例来说，可为在语料库中发现的字符的每一序列(例如，长度为2个或3个或3个以上字符)指配出现概率。分析字符序列，以使得稍后可借助于通过邻近/周围字符供应的上下文辨识用于序列内的字符的上下文(例如，在语言转换阶段期间)。因此，对于从未呈现于语料库中或很少呈现(例如，归因于印刷上错误或缺少意义)的一序列字符，针对彼等序列产生的概率为零或极低(以指示其表示输入数据之后所隐藏的用户的所要意图的不可能性)。所得语言模型至少包含到在语料库(模型是针对语料库训练)中发现的一个或一个以上字符(例如，或表示彼等字符的基础符号)的序列的概率的一组指配。返回到中文字符的语料库的实例，所得语言模型将包含指配给在语料库中发现的一个或一个以上中文字符的序列的概率。
在306处，使用语言模型执行语言转换。举例来说，语言模型可供转换引擎(例如，转换引擎206)或转换服务器(例如，转换服务器106)使用，以将一种形式(例如，语音或文本)的输入转换成第二种形式(例如，目标符号表示)的一个或一个以上输出。在一些实施例中，输入数据映射到一个正确输出(例如，键入输入的用户所要的输出)。更准确的语言模型可针对给定输入数据检索待从输入数据转换的潜在输出，所述潜在输出更可能包含用户所要的一个输出。举例来说，可将输入数据(例如，正确拼写的拼音)映射(例如，使用词典)到一个或一个以上字符(例如，中文字符)，通过语言模型来维持关于所述一个或一个以上字符(例如，中文字符)的统计信息(例如，概率)。接着使用已检索的概率来确定潜在地映射到输入的字符中的哪些字符更可能为准确映射。在一些实施例中，语言模型包含用以匹配输入与输出的其它统计工具，例如，从输入数据到目标符号表示的字符级和/或字级和/或句子(例如，句子的开头和句子的结尾)和/或短语级分辨率。
图4A和4B为说明语言模型的建立和使用中的一些步骤的实例。
图4A展示在语料库中发现的文本序列的实例。如实例中所使用，字符(例如，A、F、S，……等等)中的每一者可用以表示任何语言的字符或字；仅出于示范性目的而选择大写字母开头的罗马字母。举例来说，图4A中所展示的字符中的每一者可表示呈现于中文字符语料库中的中文字符。可在训练语言模型期间将语料库的文本分成N元语法(例如，长度为N个字符的字符序列)。子序列或N元语法402(包含“A F”)、404(包含“FS D”)和406(包含“W G S J”)为在语料库中发现的序列的一些实例，所述序列可在构建语言模型的N元语法概率产生和/或训练阶段中加以使用。举例来说，可通过语言模型化工具和/或语言模型的设计者来选择待针对特定语言模型产生的N元语法概率所针对的序列的字符长度。
图4B展示存储于从语料库训练的语言模型处的一些数据的实例，图4A的文本是从所述语料库发现。如实例中所展示，计算并存储(例如，在表条目中)在语料库中发现的各种序列(具有变化的长度)的概率(对应于其相应字符序列)。举例来说，408表示示范性表中的条目，其指示通过语言模型指配的关于序列“A F”在语料库中的出现的N元语法概率(0.0324)。在一些实施例中，除图4B中所展示的示范性数据之外，语言模型也可包含其它类型的信息(例如，输入数据到目标符号表示词典、字、若干字符的单位，以及像名称和地点的信息类别)。
在一些实施例中，可使用语言模型来转换输入数据(例如，与第一符号或其它表示有关的一组字符)，以产生输出数据(例如，形成与目标符号表示有关的一个或一个以上转换候选者的一组字符)。举例来说，可使用语言模型经由输入装置将拼音文本输入转换成对应中文字符。剖析输入拼音字符序列，以确定可映射到一个或一个以上潜在中文字符的音节(例如，通过语言模型或某一其它技术)，且这些中文字符的相应概率可用以确定充当来自输入拼音的所要映射的更可能的中文字符转换。
一般地，虽然字符的常规语料库可包含某些注释(例如，语音标记的部分)，但其典型地并不包含关于以下各者的注释：字符的读法/发音/用法/含义(有时在本文中被称作仅“读法”)，或针对字符所用于的上下文的特定读法/发音/用法/含义(如果存在与字符相关联的一个以上可能的读法/发音/用法/含义)。举例来说，中文字符的常规语料库并不典型地包含关于读法/发音/含义/拼音对应物的注释。换句话说，常规中文字符语料库并不区别同形异音异义中文字符的多个读法，其中每一读法适合于不同上下文。举例来说，在语料库的一部分中的上下文可使用第一种含义(读法/发音/拼音对应物)的同形异音异义字符，而在相同语料库的另一部分上的上下文可使用不同于第一种含义的第二种含义的同形异音异义字符(读法/发音/拼音对应物)。然而，在语料库中无注释的情况下，为了区别同形异音异义字符的两个(或两个以上)含义，接着将仅针对彼同形异音异义字符(包括多个读法)，基于字符呈现于语料库中的任何时间而执行N元语法概率产生，而不是针对彼同形异音异义字符的每一个读法，基于彼同形异音异义字符的特定读法呈现于语料库中的每一时间而确定单独的含义特定概率。作为未能区别常规语料库中的某些字符的可能的多个读法的结果，在将数据输入转换成包含同形异音异义字符的输出中，使用这种语料库训练的语言模型可能较不准确。揭示消除语言模型中的字符的不同读法之间的歧义的方法，如下文将论述。
图5为展示用于建立已加以注释的语料库的系统的实施例的图，所述已加以注释的语料库待用以训练待用于语言转换的语言模型。在各种实施例中，语料库的注释促进区别用以指示语料库中的第一读法/发音/拼音/含义的同形异音异义词的一种用法与用以指示语料库中的第二读法/发音/拼音/含义的相同同形异音异义词的另一种用法。网络508可包含各种高速数据和/或电信网络。在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510、语料库512和语言模型514可实施为转换服务器(例如，转换服务器106)的部分。
在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510经由网络508从(例如)由第三方托管的服务器检索文本源502、504和506。在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510在不使用网络508的情况下接收文本(例如，通过经由本地存储器或源获得文本)。在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510经配置以将所检索和/或所接收文本存储于语料库512处。语料库512是由从各种源提取的文本形成，各种源例如文本源502、文本源504和文本源506。在一些实施例中，语料库512处所搜集的文本主要包含一种语言的文本。举例来说，语料库512的文本可主要呈中文字符形式。文本源502、504和506的实例包含报纸、网站、书籍、期刊、社会媒体(例如，Facebook
Twitter)，和杂志。举例来说，从文本源502、504和506收集的文本可总共大约800百万个中文字符。而且，举例来说，中文字符的语料库可包含8000个不同字符，其中大约50个字符为同形异音异义字符。在一些实施例中，在无语料库512的注释的情况下，通过语料库512中的一个相异符号表示从文本源提取的每一相异字符，且将多次从文本源提取的相同字符存储为对应于彼字符的符号的多个例子。
在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510经配置以接收语料库512中的对字符的手动注释。在一些实施例中，语言模型514的系统管理员和/或设计者(例如，人类用户)扫描语料库512的文本以寻找同形异音异义字符，且基于用户对同形异音异义字符所用于的上下文的理解(例如，基于字符所用于的句子和/或周围文本)，对同形异音异义字符的彼例子加以注释以指示其适当读法/发音/拼音/含义。举例来说，为了执行这种注释，可用语料库512中的新符号(例如，文本编码)替换特定读法(两个或两个以上可能读法中的)的同形异音异义字符的例子，所述新符号可区别于表示存在于语料库512中的所有其它字符的符号，且也可区别于与彼相同同形异音异义字符的另一读法相关联的另一个符号。换句话说，语料库512中具有一读法的同形异音异义字符将与语料库512中的第一符号相关联，且具有第二读法的相同同形异音异义字符将与语料库512中的第二符号相关联。因此，当同形异音异义字符用于与第一读法相关联的上下文中时，将字符的彼例子存储为语料库512中的第一符号，且当同形异音异义字符用于与第二读法相关联的上下文中时，将字符的彼例子存储为第二符号。由于注释，同形异音异义字符将不再在整个语料库512中呈现为相同符号的各种例子，而是同形异音异义字符的每一不同读法将由语料库中的相异符号替换。因此，举例来说，与三个可能读法相关联的同形异音异义字符可在整个语料库512中呈现为已加以注释的语料库中的三个不同符号的各种例子。在一些实施例中，虽然一个以上符号可表示语料库中的同形异音异义字符，但彼等符号中的每一者仍与相同同形异音异义字符相关联。
举例来说，在用于英文字的这种已加以注释的语料库中，“desert”为具有两个可能读法的同形异音异义字/字符：一种读法为动词，意味“抛弃”，所述读法与一种意义相关联，且一种读法为名词，意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”，所述读法与不同意义相关联。在对语料库加以注释之前，在语料库的文本中的“desert”的呈现将与用于“desert”的符号相关联。但在注释之后，语料库中的“desert”的呈现将取决于用于“desert”的两种意义中的哪一种意义适合于“desert”的彼例子呈现于文本中的上下文而与用于动词或名词的符号相关联。
在一些实施例中，通过用以编码用于所有出现的符号的原始符号来表示字的可能读法或符号或符号序列中的一者，且仅对与一个或一个以上其它可能读法相关联的例子加以注释。在前述实例中，举例来说，将不对以与desert_v(动词，意味“抛弃”)相关联的方式使用的“desert”加以注释，但对于以desert_n(名词，意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)含义使用的“desert”的例子，将用对应于desert_n (意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)的新近定义的符号替换用以编码“desert”的符号。随后，在训练语言模型中，将未加以注释的“desert”的出现理解为与desert_v(意味“抛弃”)相关联，而将desert_n(意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)的出现理解为指代第二读法。
在一些实施例中，用户手动地对语料库512的文本的子集加以注释，且以类似方式(例如，基于通过手动注释建立的注释模式)自动地对语料库512的剩余部分加以注释(例如，使用呈软件和/或硬件形式的机器获悉技术)。举例来说，自动程序可使用从手动注释获悉的模式来识别用于同形异音异义字符的第一上下文以及在彼上下文中的彼字符的对应适当读法，且对语料库中的字符的彼例子加以注释为与字符的彼特定读法相关联(例如，通过将与语料库中的同形异音异义字符相关联的符号替换为相异于表示彼字符的另一读法的符号且相异于表示语料库512中的另一字符的符号的符号)。
用以在对语料库512加以注释之后考虑语料库512的一种方式是：符号集变得扩展；而在所揭示注释之前，同形异音异义字符映射到用以以机器可理解方式表示字符的一机器可读值(例如，统一代码码点或其它值)，在所揭示注释之后，同形异音异义字符映射到用于已加以注释的语料库512中的一个以上机器可读值，其中与同形异音异义字符相关联的每一机器可读值表示同形异音异义字符的特定读法。
在一些实施例中，使用(例如)语言模型化工具(例如，IRST语言模型工具箱)针对已加以注释的语料库512训练语言模型514。举例来说，语言模型化工具可产生关于字符(或其符号)和字符序列的N元语法概率，包含针对已加以注释的语料库512的同形异音异义字符的多个读法添加的新符号。
在一些实施例中，转换引擎(例如，图2的转换引擎206)经配置以接收输入数据，以使用针对读法已加以注释的语料库训练的语言模型(例如，语言模型514)，产生目标符号表示中的一个或一个以上转换候选者。举例来说，假定：输入数据与拼音相关联，且语言模型514与中文字符相关联。接着，使用针对语言模型514中的字符/符号和其序列所产生的概率，转换引擎206可产生一个或一个以上中文字符作为输出，所述一个或一个以上中文字符相对来说更可能匹配给定拼音输入且特别避免过高估计以下情形的可能性：通过使用提供同形异音异义字符的特定读法所特有的概率的模型，意欲特定同形异音异义字符。
图6为展示用于对语言模型加以注释并使用语言模型的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可至少部分使用系统500来实施程序600。
在602处，接收对与语料库相关联的文本子集的注释的一个或一个以上手动输入，其中对于与一个以上读法相关联的字符的例子，对注释的手动输入至少部分基于与例子相关联的上下文而指示字符的适当读法。
举例来说，用户可读完语料库的文本的子集以定位同形异音异义字符/字的例子。在寻找到同形异音异义字符/字的例子后，用户便可基于字符的例子所呈现于的上下文(例如，字符所呈现于的句子，环绕彼字符的字符)以及用户对彼上下文中的字符的用法的了解，确定用于字符的彼例子的适当读法并对适当读法加以注释。很少有适合于语料库中的字符的例子的同形异音异义字符的一个以上读法(如果有的话)。因而，仅需要针对语料库中的同形异音异义字符的每一个例子的一个确定的读法。可将针对同形异音异义字符的例子的此确定的适当读法键入到转换引擎中作为注释且也将适当读法存储于语料库中。在一些实施例中，可将与同形异音异义词的例子相关联的用以指示同形异音异义词的特定读法的注释存储为语料库中的新符号(例如，不同于用以表示语料库中的任何其它字符的符号且也不同于用以表示相同同形异音异义字符的另一读法的符号的符号，例如，先前未指配的统一代码值或专用使用区域字符)，所述新符号替换表示字符的原始例子的语料库中的符号(例如，文本编码)。在一些实施例中，与同形异音异义词的例子相关联的用以指示同形异音异义词的特定读法的注释可为添加到符号的表示语料库中的字符的彼例子的标签。在一些实施例中，语料库可包含从各种源获得的文本(大部分为一种语言)。
因为手动地对整个语料库(其可包含成千上万个文本)加以注释将是不足的，所以可针对语料库的小子集执行手动注释，且可使用自动化程序对语料库的剩余部分加以注释，如下文所描述。
在604处，至少部分基于对注释的所接收的一个或一个以上手动输入，自动地对与语料库相关联的文本的未加以手动地注释的至少一部分加以注释。
在一些实施例中，可使用自动化程序将注释添加到尚未手动地加以注释的语料库的整个剩余部分中的同形异音异义字符的例子的各种不同读法。举例来说，可用软件建立自动化程序，所述软件使用机器获悉技术和602处的手动注释输入。
在606处，使用已加以注释的语料库训练语言模型。
在一些实施例中，已加以注释的语料库包含相异符号，以表示在对语料库加以注释之前出现于语料库中的同形异音异义字符的每一个例子的不同读法。在一些实施例中，通过对在已加以注释的语料库中发现的字符/字和其序列执行N元语法概率产生，针对已加以注释的语料库建立语言模型并训练语言模型。在一些实施例中，也可针对在语料库内发现的句子的开头和结尾训练语言模型。所得语言模型将包含与同形异音异义字符的每一读法相关联的概率。
举例来说，假定：在已加以注释的语料库中，通过符号“word_reading1”或“word_reading2”来表示贯穿文本的同形异音异义“字”的出现。因而，针对已加以注释的语料库训练的语言模型将包含包含字符/符号“word_reading1”或“word_reading2”的概率(例如，可使用Pr(word_reading1)来表示与一元语法“wording_reading1”相关联的概率，且可使用Pr(word_reading2)来表示与一元语法“word_reading2”相关联的概率；也可产生与N元语法相关联的概率，例如Pr(wordN,wordN-1,…,word_reading1)和Pr(wordN,wordN-1,…,word_reading2))。
举例来说，对于具有两个读法的同形异音异义字“desert”，可针对每一读法确定单独概率。举例来说，可针对“desert_v”(例如，Pr(desert_v)、Pr(he,would,desert_v)、Pr(soldier,said,he,would,desert_v))确定用于与一元语法、二元语法、……N元语法相关联的概率，且可针对“desert_n”(例如，Pr(desert_n)、Pr(crossed,through,a,desert_n)、Pr(camel,crossed,through,a,desert_n))确定用于与一元语法、二元语法、……N元语法相关联的概率。通过采用序列(长度比一个字符长)的概率，可使用这些概率来消除字符的歧义以确定字符可呈现于的适当上下文。
图7A和7B为中文语料库中的文本的实例，已对所述中文语料库加以注释以区别同形异音异义中文字符的不同读法。虽然在这些实例中展示中文字符的语料库，但语料库可改为包含不同语言(例如，日文)的字符。
图7A为展示句子702和句子704的实例，句子702呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子704呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在句子702中，同形异音异义字符706(“长”)为与以下至少两个不同读法/发音/拼音/含义相关联的同形异音异义字符：“zhang”和“chang”。举例来说，当朗读为“zhang”时，“长”的意义意味“首领或领导者”。举例来说，当朗读为“chang”时，“长”的意义意味“长”。句子702的英文翻译(在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中)为“he is one ofthe candidates running for mayor.”。因而，在句子702中，字符706(“长”)是以与“zhang”的读法/拼音相关联的含义使用。在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子702中的字符706(“长”)的呈现将映射到语料库中的一个符号(例如，使用“长”的某一形式的文本编码)。然而，在执行注释之后，句子702变成句子704，句子704将呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在句子704中，字符(“长”)现在由语料库中的表示读法708(“长_zhang”)的符号替换(例如，使用新近针对“长_zhang”建立的某一形式的文本编码或先前未用于呈现于语料库中的任何其它字符的文本编码)。
图7B为展示句子710和句子712的实例，句子710呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子712呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中的句子710的英文翻译为“Ihave been here for a long time already.”。因而，在句子710中，字符706(“长”)是以与“chang”的读法/拼音相关联的含义使用。在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子710中的同形异音异义字符706(“长”)的呈现将映射到语料库中的一个符号(例如，使用“长”的某一形式的文本编码)。然而，在执行注释之后，句子710变成句子712，句子712将呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在句子712中，字符(“长”)现在由语料库中的表示读法716(“长_chang”)的符号替换(例如，使用新近针对“长_chang”建立的某一形式的文本编码或先前未用于呈现于语料库中的任何其它字符的文本编码)。
图8A和8B说明在将拼音输入转换成某一形式的中文字符输出中使用未加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的语料库和已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的语料库的实例。虽然在这些实例中展示中文字符的语料库，但语料库可改为包含不同语言(例如，日文)的字符。在图7A和7B的实例中，可在装置(例如，装置102)的输入区域处接收拼音输入。
在实例中，同形异音异义字符“长”与两个潜在读法/拼音“chang”和“zhang”相关联。
图8A展示使用未加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“不具有注释的语料库”)的实例。在此实例中，不管是输入拼音“chang”还是“zhang”，对不具有注释的语料库训练的语言模型将(例如，在拼音映射到“长”的潜在中文转换候选者之后)检索与“长”相关联的概率，例如，一元语法“长”的概率(Pr(长))。尽管如此，也可检索与包含“长”的一序列字符(例如，N元语法，其中N>1)相关联的概率(例如，Pr(市,长))。因此，在提供统计信息以区分使用“zhang”的读法/含义(意味“首领”)的“长”和使用“chang”的读法/含义(意味“长”)的“长”的短语和/或句子中，语言模型可能较不准确。
假定(例如)：“zhang”的读法/含义的“长”在语料库中远不如也与“zhang”的拼音相关联的其它中文字符(例如，章、掌)常用。然而，对语料库训练的所得语言模型将相同概率归因于“长”(例如，对应于包含“长”的N元语法)，而不管“长”在语料库内以多少种含义使用。因为指配给“长”的概率可包含语料库中的“chang”的读法/含义的“长”的至少一些用途，所以语言模型中的“长”的概率相对于与映射到拼音“chang”的其它中文转换候选者相关联的概率来说可能不正确地较高，此情形可导致语言转换中的总的较低准确度。
图8B展示使用已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“具有注释的语料库”)的实例。在此实例中，对于拼音输入“chang”(例如，在拼音映射到“长”的潜在中文转换候选者之后)，语言模型将检索与字符的彼读法相关联的概率，例如，“长_chang”的一元语法的概率(Pr(长_chang))。尽管如此，也可检索与包含“长_chang”的一序列字符(例如，N元语法，其中N>1)相关联的概率(例如，Pr(市，长_chang))。类似地，对于拼音输入“zhang”，语言模型将检索与字符的彼读法相关联的概率，例如，一元语法“长_zhang”的概率(例如，Pr(长_zhang))。由于对语言模型训练所针对的语料库加以注释，因此可将概率归因于相同同形异音异义词的每一不同读法，此情形可允许更准确的转换。
返回到先前实例，其中假定：“zhang”的读法/含义的“长”在语料库中远不如也与拼音“zhang”相关联的其它中文字符(例如，章、掌)常用，现在在针对具有注释的语料库训练语言模型之后，存在可归因于“长”的不同读法(“chang”和“zhang”)的单独概率。现在，指配给“长_zhang”的概率将不包含在语料库内的“chang”含义的“长”的任何用途，且类似地，指配给“长_chang”的概率将不包含在语料库内的“zhang”含义的“长”的任何用途。因而，语言模型中的“长”的概率相对于与映射到拼音“zhang”或“chang”的其它中文转换候选者相关联的概率来说将更准确，此情形将导致语言转换中的总的较高准确度。
图9为展示语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可至少部分对系统100实施程序900。在一些实施例中，可至少部分在装置102处实施程序900。
在902处，接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示。在一些实施例中，在装置(例如，装置102)处接收输入数据，转换将在所述装置处发生。在一些实施例中，将输入数据发送到将执行转换的远程服务器(例如，转换服务器106)。在一些实施例中，输入数据包括输入文本(例如，罗马字母表的输入文本)。举例来说，输入数据可为一组拼音。
在904处，在转换输入数据所来自的目标符号表示中产生一个或一个以上转换候选者。在一些实施例中，目标符号表示包括中文字符。在一些实施例中，输入数据或其子集映射到目标符号表示的一个或一个以上可能字符(例如，转换候选者)。举例来说，假定输入数据与语音读法相关联，目标符号表示的多个字符可映射到与输入数据的字符群组相关联的一个读法。在一些实施例中，使用呈到目标符号表示的字符(或其集合)的输入数据的形式的字符词典(或其集合)，以基于所接收输入数据而确定转换候选者。在一些实施例中，输入数据可映射到为目标符号表示的同形异音异义字符的转换候选者，这是因为(例如)输入数据或其一部分形成与彼字符相关联的读法中的一者。
在906处，使用区别目标符号系统的字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定同形异音异义字符应用以表示输入数据的对应部分的概率。在各种实施例中，所使用语言模型是针对已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的语料库训练(例如，使用程序600的至少部分)。因此，训练语言模型以区别在已加以注释的语料库中发现的同形异音异义字符的不同读法。在一些实施例中，语言模型使同形异音异义字符的每一读法与一个或一个以上概率的集合相关联(例如，与一元语法、二元语法、三元语法等等相关联，包含彼读法)。举例来说，在评估转换候选者中，转换候选者的相关联的概率(例如，一元语法、二元语法、三元语法等等)供语言使用以确定转换候选者中的哪些转换候选者具有最高相对概率(例如，对于给定上下文/基于邻近或周围字符)。具有相对较高概率的转换候选者更可能为所要转换输出。举例来说，如果转换候选者中的一者为同形异音异义字符(例如，因为输入数据的至少一部分形成与彼字符相关联的读法中的一者)，那么在评估彼转换候选者中，检索与同形异音异义字符的彼特定读法(例如，一元语法、二元语法、三元语法等等，包含彼特定读法)相关联的概率且使用所述概率与与其它转换候选者相关联的概率相比较。
图10为展示用于将拼音转换成中文字符的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可使用系统100来实施程序1000。在一些实施例中，可使用程序1000来实施程序900的至少部分(例如，904和906)。
在1002处，将与拼音相关联的输入字符集解析成一个或一个以上字符群组，其中每一字符群组待转换成一中文字符。在一些实施例中，在装置(例如，装置102)的输入区域处接收与拼音相关联的字符集。在一些实施例中，将输入拼音转换成一个或一个以上中文字符。在一些实施例中，正确地拼写输入拼音(例如，罗马字母串，字母中的至少一些字母之间具有或不具有一个或一个以上空间)。通常，每一中文字符通常为单音节的且因此映射到朗读为单音节的拼音输入中的邻近字母群组。因此，在可将输入拼音映射到中文转换候选者之前，在一些实施例中，必须将输入拼音解析成朗读为单音节的字母群组。
举例来说，假定输入拼音为“shizhang”。输入包含两个音节(“shi”和“zhang”)且因此将输入解析成两个单音节字母群组：“shi”和“zhang”。
在1004处，确定对应于一个或一个以上拼音群组中的每一者的一个或一个以上中文转换候选者。在中文语言中，存在若干同音中文字符，所述同音中文字符为以相同方式朗读/发音但意义不同的字符。同音字符将与相同拼音相关联。在将拼音转换成中文字符的程序中，可针对每一单音节拼音群组识别若干同音字符(例如，具有相同或不同音调)。然而，仅一个字符为用于拼音群组的所要转换。可通过使用语言模型获得此所要字符，所述语言模型使相关联于每一中文转换候选者的一个或一个以上概率相关联以确定哪些一个或一个以上转换候选者与最高概率相关联。
继续先前实例，举例来说，用于“shi”的中文转换候选者包含“是”、“市”和“十”。举例来说，用于“zhang”的中文转换候选者包含“章”、“掌”和“长”。
在1006处，确定一拼音字符群组是否与同形异音异义中文字符的一读法相关联；在确定拼音群组与相关联于同形异音异义字符的第一读法相关联的情况下，检索与彼第一读法相关联的信息。在一些实施例中，确定所解析的单音节拼音群组中的一者或一个以上者是否与同形异音异义字符的一读法相关联。如果确定此种群组，那么检索与同形异音异义字符的彼读法相关联的概率且使用所述概率(例如，通过针对已加以注释以区别同形异音异义中文字符的不同读法的语料库训练的语言模型)来评估对应中文转换候选者。
继续先前实例，可确定拼音“zhang”与同形异音异义字符“长”的一读法相关联且因此在评估用于“shi”和“zhang”的中文转换候选者中，可检索与“长_zhang”相关联的概率(例如，Pr(长_zhang))。此外，假定输入“shizhang”用以形成一个短语(包括两个中文字符)，那么评估与“shi”和“zhang”的中文转换候选者的各种组合相关联的概率(例如，Pr(是，章)；Pr(是，掌)；Pr(是，长_zhang)；Pr(市，章)；Pr(市，掌)；Pr(市，长_zhang)；Pr(十，章)；Pr(十，掌)；Pr(十，长_zhang)；Pr(十，章)；Pr(十，掌)；Pr(十，长_zhang))，以确定具有最高概率的组合。假定语料库已加以适当地注释且语言模型已得到适当训练，那么关于与中文转换候选者的可能组合相关联的概率，Pr(市，长_zhang)的值应为最大的(例如，因为中文字符的剩余组合无意义和/或并不常呈现于已加以注释的语料库中)。因而，在此实例中，“市长”(意味英文的“mayor”)为用于“shizhang”输入的输出中文转换。在语料库未加以注释以区别同形异音异义中文字符的不同读法的情况下，那么Pr(市，长)的值(如从未加以注释的语料库确定)可能不与Pr(市，长_zhang)的值一般高(且因此，可能不会选择“市长”作为输出中文转换)，这是因为(例如)用于所有读法(“chang”和“zhang”)中的“长”更通常地呈现为贴近未加以注释的语料库中的除“市”之外的中文字符。
尽管为了理解的清晰的目的稍详细地描述了前述实施例，但本发明不限于所提供的细节。存在实施本发明的许多替代方式。所揭示实施例为说明性的且并非限制性的。
Claims (20)
1.一种方法，其包括：
在包括存储器和一个或一个以上处理器的装置处：
接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及
使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其进一步包括：
在待将所述输入数据转换到的所述目标符号系统中产生一个或一个以上转换候选者。
3.根据权利要求1到2中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述输入数据包括以拼音书写的输入文本。
4.根据权利要求1到3中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述输入数据包括以罗马字母表的字符书写的输入文本。
5.根据权利要求1到4中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中将所述输入数据解析成一个或一个以上单音节字符群组。
6.根据权利要求1到5中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述目标符号系统包含中文字符。
7.根据权利要求1到6中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中使用已加以注释以区别所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法与所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的语料库来训练所述语言模型，且其中对于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法和所述第二读法中的至少一者，建立对应新符号或其经编码表示并将所述对应新符号或其经编码表示添加到所述已加以注释的语料库。
8.根据权利要求1到7中任一权利要求所述的方法，其进一步包括：
接收对与语料库相关联的文本子集的注释的一个或一个以上手动输入，其中对于相应同形异音异义字符的例子，对注释的每一所述手动输入至少部分基于与所述例子相关联的上下文而指示所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应适当读法，其中每一所述注释与相关联于所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应符号相关联；以及
至少部分基于对注释的所述所接收的一个或一个以上手动输入，自动地对与所述语料库相关联的所述文本的未加以手动地注释的至少一部分加以注释。
9.根据权利要求1到8中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中训练所述语言模型以使对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法的第一概率与对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的第二概率相关联。
10.根据权利要求1到9中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中训练所述语言模型以使对应于第一字符序列的第一概率与对应于第二字符序列的第二概率相关联，所述第一字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法，所述第二字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法，其中所述第一序列与所述第二序列各自包含两个或两个以上字符。
11.一种电子装置，其包括：
输入接收单元，其经配置以接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及
耦合到所述输入接收单元的转换单元，所述转换单元经配置以使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电子装置，其中所述转换单元经进一步配置以在待将所述输入数据转换到的所述目标符号系统中产生一个或一个以上转换候选者。
13.根据权利要求11到12中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述输入数据包括以拼音书写的输入文本。
14.根据权利要求11到13中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述输入数据包括以罗马字母表的字符书写的输入文本。
15.根据权利要求11到14中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述输入数据被解析成一个或一个以上单音节字符群组。
16.根据权利要求11到15中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述目标符号系统包含中文字符。
17.根据权利要求11到16中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述语言模型是使用已加以注释以区别所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法与所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的语料库来训练，且其中对于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法和所述第二读法中的至少一者，建立对应新符号或其经编码表示并将所述对应新符号或其经编码表示添加到所述已加以注释的语料库。
18.根据权利要求11到17中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其进一步包括：
语言模型训练单元，其经配置以：
接收对与语料库相关联的文本子集的注释的一个或一个以上手动输入，其中对于相应同形异音异义字符的例子，对注释的每一所述手动输入至少部分基于与所述例子相关联的上下文而指示所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应适当读法，其中每一所述注释与相关联于所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应符号相关联；以及
至少部分基于对注释的所述所接收的一个或一个以上手动输入，自动地对与所述语料库相关联的所述文本的未加以手动地注释的至少一部分加以注释。
19.根据权利要求11到18中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述语言模型经训练以使对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法的第一概率与对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的第二概率相关联。
20.根据权利要求11到19中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述语言模型经训练以使对应于第一字符序列的第一概率与对应于第二字符序列的第二概率相关联，所述第一字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法，所述第二字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法，其中所述第一序列与所述第二序列各自包含两个或两个以上字符。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/208,222 US8706472B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Method for disambiguating multiple readings in language conversion |
| US13/208,222 | 2011-08-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102982021A true CN102982021A (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102982021B CN102982021B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
Family
ID=47678084
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210287345.0A Active CN102982021B (zh) | 2011-08-11 | 2012-08-13 | 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8706472B2 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP2013065284A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101435265B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102982021B (zh) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103455621A (zh) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-18 | 金蝶软件（中国）有限公司 | 一种物流运单号的解析方法、装置和系统 |
| CN104239289A (zh) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-12-24 | 富士通株式会社 | 音节划分方法和音节划分设备 |
| US9711138B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2017-07-18 | Via Technologies, Inc. | Method for building language model, speech recognition method and electronic apparatus |
| CN111026844A (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 河北数云堂智能科技有限公司 | 一种识别数字串读法的方法及装置 |
Families Citing this family (212)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8645137B2 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2014-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Fast, language-independent method for user authentication by voice |
| US8677377B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2014-03-18 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant |
| US9318108B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2016-04-19 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
| US8977255B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2015-03-10 | Apple Inc. | Method and system for operating a multi-function portable electronic device using voice-activation |
| US10002189B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2018-06-19 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for searching using an active ontology |
| US9330720B2 (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2016-05-03 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatus for altering audio output signals |
| US8996376B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2015-03-31 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent text-to-speech conversion |
| US10496753B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2019-12-03 | Apple Inc. | Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction |
| US20100030549A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-04 | Lee Michael M | Mobile device having human language translation capability with positional feedback |
| US8463053B1 (en) | 2008-08-08 | 2013-06-11 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Enhanced max margin learning on multimodal data mining in a multimedia database |
| US8676904B2 (en) | 2008-10-02 | 2014-03-18 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with voice command and contextual data processing capabilities |
| US10241644B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2019-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Actionable reminder entries |
| US10241752B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2019-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Interface for a virtual digital assistant |
| US10255566B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2019-04-09 | Apple Inc. | Generating and processing task items that represent tasks to perform |
| US9858925B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2018-01-02 | Apple Inc. | Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant |
| US9431006B2 (en) | 2009-07-02 | 2016-08-30 | Apple Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for automatic speech recognition |
| US10553209B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for hands-free notification summaries |
| US10679605B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-06-09 | Apple Inc. | Hands-free list-reading by intelligent automated assistant |
| US10705794B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2020-07-07 | Apple Inc. | Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction |
| US10276170B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2019-04-30 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
| WO2011089450A2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-28 | Andrew Peter Nelson Jerram | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform |
| US8682667B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2014-03-25 | Apple Inc. | User profiling for selecting user specific voice input processing information |
| US9634855B2 (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2017-04-25 | Alexander Poltorak | Electronic personal interactive device that determines topics of interest using a conversational agent |
| CN102651217A (zh) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社东芝 | 用于合成语音的方法、设备以及用于语音合成的声学模型训练方法 |
| US9262612B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2016-02-16 | Apple Inc. | Device access using voice authentication |
| US10057736B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2018-08-21 | Apple Inc. | Active transport based notifications |
| DE102011079034A1 (de) | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ansteuerung eines technischen Systems |
| US8994660B2 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2015-03-31 | Apple Inc. | Text correction processing |
| CN103294661A (zh) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-11 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | 语言歧义消除系统及方法 |
| US10134385B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2018-11-20 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for name pronunciation |
| US9483461B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2016-11-01 | Apple Inc. | Handling speech synthesis of content for multiple languages |
| US9280610B2 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2016-03-08 | Apple Inc. | Crowd sourcing information to fulfill user requests |
| US8983211B2 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2015-03-17 | Xerox Corporation | Method for processing optical character recognizer output |
| US10417037B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2019-09-17 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for integrating third party services with a digital assistant |
| US9721563B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2017-08-01 | Apple Inc. | Name recognition system |
| US9495129B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2016-11-15 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and user interface for voice-activated navigation and browsing of a document |
| US10957310B1 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2021-03-23 | Soundhound, Inc. | Integrated programming framework for speech and text understanding with meaning parsing |
| US9547647B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2017-01-17 | Apple Inc. | Voice-based media searching |
| WO2014087704A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-12 | 楽天株式会社 | 入力支援装置、入力支援方法、及び入力支援プログラム |
| CN103076893B (zh) * | 2012-12-31 | 2016-08-17 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | 一种用于实现语音输入的方法与设备 |
| BR112015018905B1 (pt) | 2013-02-07 | 2022-02-22 | Apple Inc | Método de operação de recurso de ativação por voz, mídia de armazenamento legível por computador e dispositivo eletrônico |
| US10652394B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2020-05-12 | Apple Inc. | System and method for processing voicemail |
| WO2014162211A2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-10-09 | Translate Abroad, Inc. | Systems and methods for displaying foreign character sets and their translations in real time on resource-constrained mobile devices |
| US8965129B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-02-24 | Translate Abroad, Inc. | Systems and methods for determining and displaying multi-line foreign language translations in real time on mobile devices |
| US10748529B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-08-18 | Apple Inc. | Voice activated device for use with a voice-based digital assistant |
| GB2520226A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-05-20 | Ibm | Differentiation of messages for receivers thereof |
| JP6245846B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-30 | 2017-12-13 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーションＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ Ｍａｃｈｉｎｅｓ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ | 音声認識における読み精度を改善するシステム、方法、およびプログラム |
| US9582608B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-02-28 | Apple Inc. | Unified ranking with entropy-weighted information for phrase-based semantic auto-completion |
| WO2014197334A2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-11 | Apple Inc. | System and method for user-specified pronunciation of words for speech synthesis and recognition |
| WO2014197336A1 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-11 | Apple Inc. | System and method for detecting errors in interactions with a voice-based digital assistant |
| WO2014197335A1 (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2014-12-11 | Apple Inc. | Interpreting and acting upon commands that involve sharing information with remote devices |
| US10176167B2 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2019-01-08 | Apple Inc. | System and method for inferring user intent from speech inputs |
| EP3008641A1 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2016-04-20 | Apple Inc. | Device, method, and graphical user interface for enabling conversation persistence across two or more instances of a digital assistant |
| US9594542B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2017-03-14 | Viv Labs, Inc. | Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system based on training by third-party developers |
| US9633317B2 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2017-04-25 | Viv Labs, Inc. | Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system based on a natural language intent interpreter |
| US10474961B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2019-11-12 | Viv Labs, Inc. | Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system based on prompting for additional user input |
| US10083009B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2018-09-25 | Viv Labs, Inc. | Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system planning |
| CN104238991B (zh) * | 2013-06-21 | 2018-05-25 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | 语音输入匹配方法及装置 |
| US10296160B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2019-05-21 | Apple Inc. | Method for extracting salient dialog usage from live data |
| KR20150075140A (ko) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전자 장치의 메시지 제어 방법 및 그 전자 장치 |
| CN104808806B (zh) * | 2014-01-28 | 2019-10-25 | 北京三星通信技术研究有限公司 | 根据不确定性信息实现汉字输入的方法和装置 |
| US11295730B1 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2022-04-05 | Soundhound, Inc. | Using phonetic variants in a local context to improve natural language understanding |
| CN104142909B (zh) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-04-27 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | 一种汉字注音方法及装置 |
| US9633004B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-04-25 | Apple Inc. | Better resolution when referencing to concepts |
| US9842101B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-12-12 | Apple Inc. | Predictive conversion of language input |
| US9760559B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-09-12 | Apple Inc. | Predictive text input |
| US9785630B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-10-10 | Apple Inc. | Text prediction using combined word N-gram and unigram language models |
| US9430463B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-30 | Apple Inc. | Exemplar-based natural language processing |
| CN106471570B (zh) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-10-01 | 苹果公司 | 多命令单一话语输入方法 |
| US9715875B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-07-25 | Apple Inc. | Reducing the need for manual start/end-pointing and trigger phrases |
| US10078631B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-09-18 | Apple Inc. | Entropy-guided text prediction using combined word and character n-gram language models |
| US10170123B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-01 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent assistant for home automation |
| US10659851B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2020-05-19 | Apple Inc. | Real-time digital assistant knowledge updates |
| US9338493B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-05-10 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions |
| US10446141B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Automatic speech recognition based on user feedback |
| US9818400B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2017-11-14 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for discovering trending terms in speech requests |
| US10789041B2 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Dynamic thresholds for always listening speech trigger |
| US9805028B1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-10-31 | Google Inc. | Translating terms using numeric representations |
| US10074360B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-09-11 | Apple Inc. | Providing an indication of the suitability of speech recognition |
| US9886432B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-02-06 | Apple Inc. | Parsimonious handling of word inflection via categorical stem + suffix N-gram language models |
| US10127911B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2018-11-13 | Apple Inc. | Speaker identification and unsupervised speaker adaptation techniques |
| US9646609B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-09 | Apple Inc. | Caching apparatus for serving phonetic pronunciations |
| US9668121B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-30 | Apple Inc. | Social reminders |
| US10552013B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | Data detection |
| US9711141B2 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-07-18 | Apple Inc. | Disambiguating heteronyms in speech synthesis |
| TWI550420B (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-09-21 | 國立雲林科技大學 | 資訊取得系統與方法、以及儲存裝置 |
| USD749115S1 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2016-02-09 | Translate Abroad, Inc. | Mobile device with graphical user interface |
| US9865280B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-01-09 | Apple Inc. | Structured dictation using intelligent automated assistants |
| US10152299B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-12-11 | Apple Inc. | Reducing response latency of intelligent automated assistants |
| US10567477B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2020-02-18 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant continuity |
| US9886953B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2018-02-06 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant activation |
| US9721566B2 (en) | 2015-03-08 | 2017-08-01 | Apple Inc. | Competing devices responding to voice triggers |
| US9899019B2 (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2018-02-20 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for structured stem and suffix language models |
| US9842105B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2017-12-12 | Apple Inc. | Parsimonious continuous-space phrase representations for natural language processing |
| US10460227B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2019-10-29 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant in a communication session |
| US10200824B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2019-02-05 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for proactively identifying and surfacing relevant content on a touch-sensitive device |
| US10083688B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-09-25 | Apple Inc. | Device voice control for selecting a displayed affordance |
| US10127220B2 (en) | 2015-06-04 | 2018-11-13 | Apple Inc. | Language identification from short strings |
| US10101822B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2018-10-16 | Apple Inc. | Language input correction |
| US9578173B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2017-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant aided communication with 3rd party service in a communication session |
| US10255907B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2019-04-09 | Apple Inc. | Automatic accent detection using acoustic models |
| US10186254B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2019-01-22 | Apple Inc. | Context-based endpoint detection |
| US11025565B2 (en) | 2015-06-07 | 2021-06-01 | Apple Inc. | Personalized prediction of responses for instant messaging |
| CN104991656B (zh) * | 2015-06-11 | 2018-12-21 | 浦江开丰广告设计有限公司 | 一种输入汉语词组的方法 |
| US20160378747A1 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2016-12-29 | Apple Inc. | Virtual assistant for media playback |
| US10331312B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2019-06-25 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a media environment |
| US10747498B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-08-18 | Apple Inc. | Zero latency digital assistant |
| US10740384B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-08-11 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for media search and playback |
| US10671428B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-06-02 | Apple Inc. | Distributed personal assistant |
| US9697820B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2017-07-04 | Apple Inc. | Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis using concatenation-sensitive neural networks |
| US11010550B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2021-05-18 | Apple Inc. | Unified language modeling framework for word prediction, auto-completion and auto-correction |
| US10366158B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2019-07-30 | Apple Inc. | Efficient word encoding for recurrent neural network language models |
| US11587559B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2023-02-21 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent device identification |
| US10691473B2 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2020-06-23 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant in a messaging environment |
| US10956666B2 (en) | 2015-11-09 | 2021-03-23 | Apple Inc. | Unconventional virtual assistant interactions |
| USD791182S1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-07-04 | Guangzhou Shenma Mobile Information Technology Co., Ltd. | Display screen with graphical user interface |
| USD791823S1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-07-11 | Guangzhou Shenma Mobile Information Technology Co., Ltd. | Display screen with graphical user interface |
| US10049668B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Applying neural network language models to weighted finite state transducers for automatic speech recognition |
| US10223066B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2019-03-05 | Apple Inc. | Proactive assistance based on dialog communication between devices |
| US10446143B2 (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Identification of voice inputs providing credentials |
| US9934775B2 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2018-04-03 | Apple Inc. | Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis based on predicted concatenation parameters |
| US9972304B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Privacy preserving distributed evaluation framework for embedded personalized systems |
| US11227589B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2022-01-18 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent list reading |
| US10249300B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2019-04-02 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent list reading |
| US10049663B2 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2018-08-14 | Apple, Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration |
| DK179309B1 (en) | 2016-06-09 | 2018-04-23 | Apple Inc | Intelligent automated assistant in a home environment |
| US10192552B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-01-29 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant providing whispered speech |
| US10067938B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2018-09-04 | Apple Inc. | Multilingual word prediction |
| US10509862B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-12-17 | Apple Inc. | Dynamic phrase expansion of language input |
| US10490187B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2019-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant providing automated status report |
| US10586535B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-03-10 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent digital assistant in a multi-tasking environment |
| DK179415B1 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2018-06-14 | Apple Inc | Intelligent device arbitration and control |
| DK179343B1 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2018-05-14 | Apple Inc | Intelligent task discovery |
| DK201670540A1 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2018-01-08 | Apple Inc | Application integration with a digital assistant |
| DK179049B1 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2017-09-18 | Apple Inc | Data driven natural language event detection and classification |
| US10474753B2 (en) | 2016-09-07 | 2019-11-12 | Apple Inc. | Language identification using recurrent neural networks |
| US10043516B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-08-07 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
| US11281993B2 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2022-03-22 | Apple Inc. | Model and ensemble compression for metric learning |
| US10593346B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Rank-reduced token representation for automatic speech recognition |
| US11204787B2 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2021-12-21 | Apple Inc. | Application integration with a digital assistant |
| US10579738B2 (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2020-03-03 | Voicebox Technologies Corporation | System and method for generating a multi-lingual and multi-intent capable semantic parser based on automatically generated operators and user-designated utterances relating to the operators |
| EP3616083A4 (en) * | 2017-04-23 | 2021-01-13 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | MULTILINGUAL SEMANTIC ANALYZER BASED ON TRANSFERRED LEARNING |
| DK201770383A1 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2018-12-14 | Apple Inc. | USER INTERFACE FOR CORRECTING RECOGNITION ERRORS |
| US10417266B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2019-09-17 | Apple Inc. | Context-aware ranking of intelligent response suggestions |
| DK201770439A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-12-13 | Apple Inc. | Offline personal assistant |
| US10395654B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2019-08-27 | Apple Inc. | Text normalization based on a data-driven learning network |
| DK180048B1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2020-02-04 | Apple Inc. | MAINTAINING THE DATA PROTECTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION |
| US10726832B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2020-07-28 | Apple Inc. | Maintaining privacy of personal information |
| DK179745B1 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2019-05-01 | Apple Inc. | SYNCHRONIZATION AND TASK DELEGATION OF A DIGITAL ASSISTANT |
| DK179496B1 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2019-01-15 | Apple Inc. | USER-SPECIFIC Acoustic Models |
| US11301477B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2022-04-12 | Apple Inc. | Feedback analysis of a digital assistant |
| DK201770427A1 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-20 | Apple Inc. | LOW-LATENCY INTELLIGENT AUTOMATED ASSISTANT |
| DK201770431A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-12-20 | Apple Inc. | Optimizing dialogue policy decisions for digital assistants using implicit feedback |
| DK201770432A1 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2018-12-21 | Apple Inc. | Hierarchical belief states for digital assistants |
| US10403278B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2019-09-03 | Apple Inc. | Methods and systems for phonetic matching in digital assistant services |
| US10311144B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2019-06-04 | Apple Inc. | Emoji word sense disambiguation |
| DK179560B1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2019-02-18 | Apple Inc. | FAR-FIELD EXTENSION FOR DIGITAL ASSISTANT SERVICES |
| US20180336892A1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | Apple Inc. | Detecting a trigger of a digital assistant |
| US20180336275A1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration |
| US10657328B2 (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2020-05-19 | Apple Inc. | Multi-task recurrent neural network architecture for efficient morphology handling in neural language modeling |
| TWI640877B (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-11-11 | 財團法人資訊工業策進會 | 語意分析裝置、方法及其電腦程式產品 |
| US10445429B2 (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2019-10-15 | Apple Inc. | Natural language understanding using vocabularies with compressed serialized tries |
| US10755051B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-08-25 | Apple Inc. | Rule-based natural language processing |
| US10636424B2 (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2020-04-28 | Apple Inc. | Multi-turn canned dialog |
| US10929611B2 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-02-23 | discourse.ai, Inc. | Computer-based interlocutor understanding using classifying conversation segments |
| US11004013B2 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-05-11 | discourse.ai, Inc. | Training of chatbots from corpus of human-to-human chats |
| US10733982B2 (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2020-08-04 | Apple Inc. | Multi-directional dialog |
| US10733375B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2020-08-04 | Apple Inc. | Knowledge-based framework for improving natural language understanding |
| US10789959B2 (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Training speaker recognition models for digital assistants |
| US10592604B2 (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Inverse text normalization for automatic speech recognition |
| US10818288B2 (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2020-10-27 | Apple Inc. | Natural assistant interaction |
| US10909331B2 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2021-02-02 | Apple Inc. | Implicit identification of translation payload with neural machine translation |
| US11145294B2 (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2021-10-12 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant for delivering content from user experiences |
| US10928918B2 (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2021-02-23 | Apple Inc. | Raise to speak |
| US10984780B2 (en) | 2018-05-21 | 2021-04-20 | Apple Inc. | Global semantic word embeddings using bi-directional recurrent neural networks |
| US10892996B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2021-01-12 | Apple Inc. | Variable latency device coordination |
| DK201870355A1 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-16 | Apple Inc. | VIRTUAL ASSISTANT OPERATION IN MULTI-DEVICE ENVIRONMENTS |
| US11386266B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2022-07-12 | Apple Inc. | Text correction |
| DK179822B1 (da) | 2018-06-01 | 2019-07-12 | Apple Inc. | Voice interaction at a primary device to access call functionality of a companion device |
| DK180639B1 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2021-11-04 | Apple Inc | DISABILITY OF ATTENTION-ATTENTIVE VIRTUAL ASSISTANT |
| US10504518B1 (en) | 2018-06-03 | 2019-12-10 | Apple Inc. | Accelerated task performance |
| JP7115187B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-27 | 2022-08-09 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 情報処理装置、情報処理方法及びプログラム |
| US11010561B2 (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2021-05-18 | Apple Inc. | Sentiment prediction from textual data |
| US11462215B2 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2022-10-04 | Apple Inc. | Multi-modal inputs for voice commands |
| US10839159B2 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2020-11-17 | Apple Inc. | Named entity normalization in a spoken dialog system |
| US11170166B2 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2021-11-09 | Apple Inc. | Neural typographical error modeling via generative adversarial networks |
| US11475898B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2022-10-18 | Apple Inc. | Low-latency multi-speaker speech recognition |
| US10956466B2 (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-03-23 | Paypal, Inc. | Machine learning approach to cross-language translation and search |
| US11638059B2 (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2023-04-25 | Apple Inc. | Content playback on multiple devices |
| US11250221B2 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2022-02-15 | Sap Se | Learning system for contextual interpretation of Japanese words |
| US11348573B2 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2022-05-31 | Apple Inc. | Multimodality in digital assistant systems |
| US11423908B2 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2022-08-23 | Apple Inc. | Interpreting spoken requests |
| US11475884B2 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2022-10-18 | Apple Inc. | Reducing digital assistant latency when a language is incorrectly determined |
| DK201970509A1 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2021-01-15 | Apple Inc | Spoken notifications |
| US11307752B2 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2022-04-19 | Apple Inc. | User configurable task triggers |
| US11140099B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-10-05 | Apple Inc. | Providing message response suggestions |
| DK201970511A1 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2021-02-15 | Apple Inc | Voice identification in digital assistant systems |
| DK180129B1 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2020-06-02 | Apple Inc. | USER ACTIVITY SHORTCUT SUGGESTIONS |
| US11496600B2 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2022-11-08 | Apple Inc. | Remote execution of machine-learned models |
| US11289073B2 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2022-03-29 | Apple Inc. | Device text to speech |
| US11227599B2 (en) | 2019-06-01 | 2022-01-18 | Apple Inc. | Methods and user interfaces for voice-based control of electronic devices |
| US11360641B2 (en) | 2019-06-01 | 2022-06-14 | Apple Inc. | Increasing the relevance of new available information |
| US11475882B1 (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2022-10-18 | Rapid7, Inc. | Generating training data for machine learning models |
| US11488406B2 (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2022-11-01 | Apple Inc. | Text detection using global geometry estimators |
| US11061543B1 (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2021-07-13 | Apple Inc. | Providing relevant data items based on context |
| US11038934B1 (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2021-06-15 | Apple Inc. | Digital assistant hardware abstraction |
| US11755276B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2023-09-12 | Apple Inc. | Reducing description length based on confidence |
| US11490204B2 (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2022-11-01 | Apple Inc. | Multi-device audio adjustment coordination |
| US11438683B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-09-06 | Apple Inc. | User identification using headphones |
| WO2022215120A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-05 | 2022-10-13 | 株式会社KPMG Ignition Tokyo | 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、情報処理プログラム |
| USD1001835S1 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-10-17 | Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. | Display screen or portion thereof with animated graphical user interface |
| USD1003322S1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-10-31 | Shanghai Hode Information Technology Co., Ltd. | Display screen with transitional graphical user interface |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007004633A (ja) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-11 | Microsoft Corp | 言語モデル作成装置およびそれにより作成された言語モデルを使用する言語処理装置 |
Family Cites Families (589)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3828132A (en) | 1970-10-30 | 1974-08-06 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Speech synthesis by concatenation of formant encoded words |
| US3704345A (en) | 1971-03-19 | 1972-11-28 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Conversion of printed text into synthetic speech |
| US3979557A (en) | 1974-07-03 | 1976-09-07 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Speech processor system for pitch period extraction using prediction filters |
| BG24190A1 (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1978-01-10 | Antonov | Method of synthesis of speech and device for effecting same |
| JPS597120B2 (ja) | 1978-11-24 | 1984-02-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 音声分析装置 |
| US4310721A (en) | 1980-01-23 | 1982-01-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Half duplex integral vocoder modem system |
| US4348553A (en) | 1980-07-02 | 1982-09-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Parallel pattern verifier with dynamic time warping |
| US5047617A (en) | 1982-01-25 | 1991-09-10 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Narrow-bodied, single- and twin-windowed portable laser scanning head for reading bar code symbols |
| DE3382806T2 (de) | 1982-06-11 | 1996-11-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vektorquantisierer |
| US4688195A (en) | 1983-01-28 | 1987-08-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Natural-language interface generating system |
| JPS603056A (ja) | 1983-06-21 | 1985-01-09 | Toshiba Corp | 情報整理装置 |
| DE3335358A1 (de) | 1983-09-29 | 1985-04-11 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Verfahren zur bestimmung von sprachspektren fuer die automatische spracherkennung und sprachcodierung |
| US5164900A (en) | 1983-11-14 | 1992-11-17 | Colman Bernath | Method and device for phonetically encoding Chinese textual data for data processing entry |
| US4726065A (en) | 1984-01-26 | 1988-02-16 | Horst Froessl | Image manipulation by speech signals |
| US4955047A (en) | 1984-03-26 | 1990-09-04 | Dytel Corporation | Automated attendant with direct inward system access |
| US4811243A (en) | 1984-04-06 | 1989-03-07 | Racine Marsh V | Computer aided coordinate digitizing system |
| US4692941A (en) | 1984-04-10 | 1987-09-08 | First Byte | Real-time text-to-speech conversion system |
| US4783807A (en) | 1984-08-27 | 1988-11-08 | John Marley | System and method for sound recognition with feature selection synchronized to voice pitch |
| US4718094A (en) | 1984-11-19 | 1988-01-05 | International Business Machines Corp. | Speech recognition system |
| US5165007A (en) | 1985-02-01 | 1992-11-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Feneme-based Markov models for words |
| US4944013A (en) | 1985-04-03 | 1990-07-24 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Multi-pulse speech coder |
| US4833712A (en) | 1985-05-29 | 1989-05-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Automatic generation of simple Markov model stunted baseforms for words in a vocabulary |
| US4819271A (en) | 1985-05-29 | 1989-04-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Constructing Markov model word baseforms from multiple utterances by concatenating model sequences for word segments |
| EP0218859A3 (en) | 1985-10-11 | 1989-09-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Signal processor communication interface |
| US4776016A (en) | 1985-11-21 | 1988-10-04 | Position Orientation Systems, Inc. | Voice control system |
| JPH0833744B2 (ja) | 1986-01-09 | 1996-03-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 音声合成装置 |
| US4724542A (en) | 1986-01-22 | 1988-02-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Automatic reference adaptation during dynamic signature verification |
| US5759101A (en) | 1986-03-10 | 1998-06-02 | Response Reward Systems L.C. | Central and remote evaluation of responses of participatory broadcast audience with automatic crediting and couponing |
| US5128752A (en) | 1986-03-10 | 1992-07-07 | Kohorn H Von | System and method for generating and redeeming tokens |
| US5032989A (en) | 1986-03-19 | 1991-07-16 | Realpro, Ltd. | Real estate search and location system and method |
| DE3779351D1 (zh) | 1986-03-28 | 1992-07-02 | American Telephone And Telegraph Co., New York, N.Y., Us | |
| US4903305A (en) | 1986-05-12 | 1990-02-20 | Dragon Systems, Inc. | Method for representing word models for use in speech recognition |
| EP0262938B1 (en) | 1986-10-03 | 1993-12-15 | BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company | Language translation system |
| USRE34562E (en) | 1986-10-16 | 1994-03-15 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Amplitude-adaptive vector quantization system |
| US4829576A (en) | 1986-10-21 | 1989-05-09 | Dragon Systems, Inc. | Voice recognition system |
| US4852168A (en) | 1986-11-18 | 1989-07-25 | Sprague Richard P | Compression of stored waveforms for artificial speech |
| US4727354A (en) | 1987-01-07 | 1988-02-23 | Unisys Corporation | System for selecting best fit vector code in vector quantization encoding |
| US4827520A (en) | 1987-01-16 | 1989-05-02 | Prince Corporation | Voice actuated control system for use in a vehicle |
| US4965763A (en) | 1987-03-03 | 1990-10-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Computer method for automatic extraction of commonly specified information from business correspondence |
| US5644727A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1997-07-01 | Proprietary Financial Products, Inc. | System for the operation and management of one or more financial accounts through the use of a digital communication and computation system for exchange, investment and borrowing |
| CA1295064C (en) | 1987-05-29 | 1992-01-28 | Kuniyoshi Marui | Voice recognition system used in telephone apparatus |
| DE3723078A1 (de) | 1987-07-11 | 1989-01-19 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Verfahren zur erkennung von zusammenhaengend gesprochenen woertern |
| US4974191A (en) | 1987-07-31 | 1990-11-27 | Syntellect Software Inc. | Adaptive natural language computer interface system |
| CA1288516C (en) | 1987-07-31 | 1991-09-03 | Leendert M. Bijnagte | Apparatus and method for communicating textual and image information between a host computer and a remote display terminal |
| US5022081A (en) | 1987-10-01 | 1991-06-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Information recognition system |
| US4852173A (en) | 1987-10-29 | 1989-07-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Design and construction of a binary-tree system for language modelling |
| EP0314908B1 (en) | 1987-10-30 | 1992-12-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Automatic determination of labels and markov word models in a speech recognition system |
| US5072452A (en) | 1987-10-30 | 1991-12-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Automatic determination of labels and Markov word models in a speech recognition system |
| US4914586A (en) | 1987-11-06 | 1990-04-03 | Xerox Corporation | Garbage collector for hypermedia systems |
| US4992972A (en) | 1987-11-18 | 1991-02-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Flexible context searchable on-line information system with help files and modules for on-line computer system documentation |
| US5220657A (en) | 1987-12-02 | 1993-06-15 | Xerox Corporation | Updating local copy of shared data in a collaborative system |
| US4984177A (en) | 1988-02-05 | 1991-01-08 | Advanced Products And Technologies, Inc. | Voice language translator |
| US5194950A (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1993-03-16 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Vector quantizer |
| US4914590A (en) | 1988-05-18 | 1990-04-03 | Emhart Industries, Inc. | Natural language understanding system |
| FR2636163B1 (fr) | 1988-09-02 | 1991-07-05 | Hamon Christian | Procede et dispositif de synthese de la parole par addition-recouvrement de formes d'onde |
| US4839853A (en) | 1988-09-15 | 1989-06-13 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Computer information retrieval using latent semantic structure |
| JPH0293597A (ja) | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-04 | Nippon I B M Kk | 音声認識装置 |
| US4905163A (en) | 1988-10-03 | 1990-02-27 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company | Intelligent optical navigator dynamic information presentation and navigation system |
| US5282265A (en) | 1988-10-04 | 1994-01-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Knowledge information processing system |
| DE3837590A1 (de) | 1988-11-05 | 1990-05-10 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Verfahren zum reduzieren der datenrate von digitalen bilddaten |
| ATE102731T1 (de) | 1988-11-23 | 1994-03-15 | Digital Equipment Corp | Namenaussprache durch einen synthetisator. |
| US5027406A (en) | 1988-12-06 | 1991-06-25 | Dragon Systems, Inc. | Method for interactive speech recognition and training |
| US5127055A (en) | 1988-12-30 | 1992-06-30 | Kurzweil Applied Intelligence, Inc. | Speech recognition apparatus & method having dynamic reference pattern adaptation |
| US5293448A (en) | 1989-10-02 | 1994-03-08 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Speech analysis-synthesis method and apparatus therefor |
| SE466029B (sv) | 1989-03-06 | 1991-12-02 | Ibm Svenska Ab | Anordning och foerfarande foer analys av naturligt spraak i ett datorbaserat informationsbehandlingssystem |
| JPH0782544B2 (ja) | 1989-03-24 | 1995-09-06 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | マルチテンプレートを用いるｄｐマツチング方法及び装置 |
| US4977598A (en) | 1989-04-13 | 1990-12-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Efficient pruning algorithm for hidden markov model speech recognition |
| US5197005A (en) | 1989-05-01 | 1993-03-23 | Intelligent Business Systems | Database retrieval system having a natural language interface |
| US5010574A (en) | 1989-06-13 | 1991-04-23 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Vector quantizer search arrangement |
| JP2940005B2 (ja) | 1989-07-20 | 1999-08-25 | 日本電気株式会社 | 音声符号化装置 |
| US5091945A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1992-02-25 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Source dependent channel coding with error protection |
| CA2027705C (en) | 1989-10-17 | 1994-02-15 | Masami Akamine | Speech coding system utilizing a recursive computation technique for improvement in processing speed |
| US5020112A (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1991-05-28 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Image recognition method using two-dimensional stochastic grammars |
| US5220639A (en) | 1989-12-01 | 1993-06-15 | National Science Council | Mandarin speech input method for Chinese computers and a mandarin speech recognition machine |
| US5021971A (en) | 1989-12-07 | 1991-06-04 | Unisys Corporation | Reflective binary encoder for vector quantization |
| US5179652A (en) | 1989-12-13 | 1993-01-12 | Anthony I. Rozmanith | Method and apparatus for storing, transmitting and retrieving graphical and tabular data |
| CH681573A5 (en) | 1990-02-13 | 1993-04-15 | Astral | Automatic teller arrangement involving bank computers - is operated by user data card carrying personal data, account information and transaction records |
| EP0443548B1 (en) | 1990-02-22 | 2003-07-23 | Nec Corporation | Speech coder |
| US5301109A (en) | 1990-06-11 | 1994-04-05 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Computerized cross-language document retrieval using latent semantic indexing |
| JP3266246B2 (ja) | 1990-06-15 | 2002-03-18 | インターナシヨナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーシヨン | 自然言語解析装置及び方法並びに自然言語解析用知識ベース構築方法 |
| US5202952A (en) | 1990-06-22 | 1993-04-13 | Dragon Systems, Inc. | Large-vocabulary continuous speech prefiltering and processing system |
| GB9017600D0 (en) | 1990-08-10 | 1990-09-26 | British Aerospace | An assembly and method for binary tree-searched vector quanisation data compression processing |
| US5404295A (en) | 1990-08-16 | 1995-04-04 | Katz; Boris | Method and apparatus for utilizing annotations to facilitate computer retrieval of database material |
| US5309359A (en) | 1990-08-16 | 1994-05-03 | Boris Katz | Method and apparatus for generating and utlizing annotations to facilitate computer text retrieval |
| US5297170A (en) | 1990-08-21 | 1994-03-22 | Codex Corporation | Lattice and trellis-coded quantization |
| US5400434A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1995-03-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Voice source for synthetic speech system |
| US5216747A (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1993-06-01 | Digital Voice Systems, Inc. | Voiced/unvoiced estimation of an acoustic signal |
| US5128672A (en) | 1990-10-30 | 1992-07-07 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Dynamic predictive keyboard |
| US5325298A (en) | 1990-11-07 | 1994-06-28 | Hnc, Inc. | Methods for generating or revising context vectors for a plurality of word stems |
| US5317507A (en) | 1990-11-07 | 1994-05-31 | Gallant Stephen I | Method for document retrieval and for word sense disambiguation using neural networks |
| US5247579A (en) | 1990-12-05 | 1993-09-21 | Digital Voice Systems, Inc. | Methods for speech transmission |
| US5345536A (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1994-09-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of speech recognition |
| US5127053A (en) | 1990-12-24 | 1992-06-30 | General Electric Company | Low-complexity method for improving the performance of autocorrelation-based pitch detectors |
| US5133011A (en) | 1990-12-26 | 1992-07-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for linear vocal control of cursor position |
| US5268990A (en) | 1991-01-31 | 1993-12-07 | Sri International | Method for recognizing speech using linguistically-motivated hidden Markov models |
| GB9105367D0 (en) | 1991-03-13 | 1991-04-24 | Univ Strathclyde | Computerised information-retrieval database systems |
| US5303406A (en) | 1991-04-29 | 1994-04-12 | Motorola, Inc. | Noise squelch circuit with adaptive noise shaping |
| US5475587A (en) | 1991-06-28 | 1995-12-12 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Method and apparatus for efficient morphological text analysis using a high-level language for compact specification of inflectional paradigms |
| US5293452A (en) | 1991-07-01 | 1994-03-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Voice log-in using spoken name input |
| US5687077A (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1997-11-11 | Universal Dynamics Limited | Method and apparatus for adaptive control |
| US5199077A (en) | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-30 | Xerox Corporation | Wordspotting for voice editing and indexing |
| JP2662120B2 (ja) | 1991-10-01 | 1997-10-08 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレイション | 音声認識装置および音声認識用処理ユニット |
| US5222146A (en) | 1991-10-23 | 1993-06-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Speech recognition apparatus having a speech coder outputting acoustic prototype ranks |
| KR940002854B1 (ko) | 1991-11-06 | 1994-04-04 | 한국전기통신공사 | 음성 합성시스팀의 음성단편 코딩 및 그의 피치조절 방법과 그의 유성음 합성장치 |
| US5386494A (en) | 1991-12-06 | 1995-01-31 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling a speech recognition function using a cursor control device |
| US5903454A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1999-05-11 | Hoffberg; Linda Irene | Human-factored interface corporating adaptive pattern recognition based controller apparatus |
| US6081750A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 2000-06-27 | Hoffberg; Steven Mark | Ergonomic man-machine interface incorporating adaptive pattern recognition based control system |
| US5502790A (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1996-03-26 | Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. | Speech recognition method and system using triphones, diphones, and phonemes |
| US5349645A (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1994-09-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Word hypothesizer for continuous speech decoding using stressed-vowel centered bidirectional tree searches |
| US5267345A (en) | 1992-02-10 | 1993-11-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Speech recognition apparatus which predicts word classes from context and words from word classes |
| ES2128390T3 (es) | 1992-03-02 | 1999-05-16 | At & T Corp | Metodo de adiestramiento y dispositivo para reconocimiento de voz. |
| US6055514A (en) | 1992-03-20 | 2000-04-25 | Wren; Stephen Corey | System for marketing foods and services utilizing computerized centraland remote facilities |
| US5317647A (en) | 1992-04-07 | 1994-05-31 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Constrained attribute grammars for syntactic pattern recognition |
| US5412804A (en) | 1992-04-30 | 1995-05-02 | Oracle Corporation | Extending the semantics of the outer join operator for un-nesting queries to a data base |
| US5293584A (en) | 1992-05-21 | 1994-03-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Speech recognition system for natural language translation |
| US5390281A (en) | 1992-05-27 | 1995-02-14 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for deducing user intent and providing computer implemented services |
| US5434777A (en) | 1992-05-27 | 1995-07-18 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for processing natural language |
| US5734789A (en) | 1992-06-01 | 1998-03-31 | Hughes Electronics | Voiced, unvoiced or noise modes in a CELP vocoder |
| US5333275A (en) | 1992-06-23 | 1994-07-26 | Wheatley Barbara J | System and method for time aligning speech |
| US5325297A (en) | 1992-06-25 | 1994-06-28 | System Of Multiple-Colored Images For Internationally Listed Estates, Inc. | Computer implemented method and system for storing and retrieving textual data and compressed image data |
| US5999908A (en) | 1992-08-06 | 1999-12-07 | Abelow; Daniel H. | Customer-based product design module |
| US5412806A (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1995-05-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Calibration of logical cost formulae for queries in a heterogeneous DBMS using synthetic database |
| GB9220404D0 (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1992-11-11 | Nat Security Agency | Method of identifying,retrieving and sorting documents |
| US5333236A (en) | 1992-09-10 | 1994-07-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Speech recognizer having a speech coder for an acoustic match based on context-dependent speech-transition acoustic models |
| US5384893A (en) | 1992-09-23 | 1995-01-24 | Emerson & Stern Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for speech synthesis based on prosodic analysis |
| FR2696036B1 (fr) | 1992-09-24 | 1994-10-14 | France Telecom | Procédé de mesure de ressemblance entre échantillons sonores et dispositif de mise en Óoeuvre de ce procédé. |
| JPH0772840B2 (ja) | 1992-09-29 | 1995-08-02 | 日本アイ・ビー・エム株式会社 | 音声モデルの構成方法、音声認識方法、音声認識装置及び音声モデルの訓練方法 |
| US5758313A (en) | 1992-10-16 | 1998-05-26 | Mobile Information Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for tracking vehicle location |
| US5455888A (en) | 1992-12-04 | 1995-10-03 | Northern Telecom Limited | Speech bandwidth extension method and apparatus |
| US5412756A (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1995-05-02 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Artificial intelligence software shell for plant operation simulation |
| US5734791A (en) | 1992-12-31 | 1998-03-31 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Rapid tree-based method for vector quantization |
| US5384892A (en) | 1992-12-31 | 1995-01-24 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Dynamic language model for speech recognition |
| US5390279A (en) | 1992-12-31 | 1995-02-14 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Partitioning speech rules by context for speech recognition |
| US5613036A (en) | 1992-12-31 | 1997-03-18 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Dynamic categories for a speech recognition system |
| US6122616A (en) | 1993-01-21 | 2000-09-19 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for diphone aliasing |
| US5864844A (en) | 1993-02-18 | 1999-01-26 | Apple Computer, Inc. | System and method for enhancing a user interface with a computer based training tool |
| CA2091658A1 (en) | 1993-03-15 | 1994-09-16 | Matthew Lennig | Method and apparatus for automation of directory assistance using speech recognition |
| US6055531A (en) | 1993-03-24 | 2000-04-25 | Engate Incorporated | Down-line transcription system having context sensitive searching capability |
| US5536902A (en) | 1993-04-14 | 1996-07-16 | Yamaha Corporation | Method of and apparatus for analyzing and synthesizing a sound by extracting and controlling a sound parameter |
| US5444823A (en) | 1993-04-16 | 1995-08-22 | Compaq Computer Corporation | Intelligent search engine for associated on-line documentation having questionless case-based knowledge base |
| US5574823A (en) | 1993-06-23 | 1996-11-12 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Communications | Frequency selective harmonic coding |
| US5515475A (en) | 1993-06-24 | 1996-05-07 | Northern Telecom Limited | Speech recognition method using a two-pass search |
| JPH0756933A (ja) | 1993-06-24 | 1995-03-03 | Xerox Corp | 文書検索方法 |
| JP3685812B2 (ja) | 1993-06-29 | 2005-08-24 | ソニー株式会社 | 音声信号送受信装置 |
| US5794207A (en) | 1996-09-04 | 1998-08-11 | Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership | Method and apparatus for a cryptographically assisted commercial network system designed to facilitate buyer-driven conditional purchase offers |
| US5495604A (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1996-02-27 | Asymetrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for the modeling and query of database structures using natural language-like constructs |
| US5619694A (en) | 1993-08-26 | 1997-04-08 | Nec Corporation | Case database storage/retrieval system |
| US5940811A (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1999-08-17 | Affinity Technology Group, Inc. | Closed loop financial transaction method and apparatus |
| US5377258A (en) | 1993-08-30 | 1994-12-27 | National Medical Research Council | Method and apparatus for an automated and interactive behavioral guidance system |
| US5873056A (en) | 1993-10-12 | 1999-02-16 | The Syracuse University | Natural language processing system for semantic vector representation which accounts for lexical ambiguity |
| US5578808A (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1996-11-26 | Datamark Services, Inc. | Data card that can be used for transactions involving separate card issuers |
| WO1995017711A1 (en) | 1993-12-23 | 1995-06-29 | Diacom Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for implementing user feedback |
| US5621859A (en) | 1994-01-19 | 1997-04-15 | Bbn Corporation | Single tree method for grammar directed, very large vocabulary speech recognizer |
| US5584024A (en) | 1994-03-24 | 1996-12-10 | Software Ag | Interactive database query system and method for prohibiting the selection of semantically incorrect query parameters |
| US5642519A (en) | 1994-04-29 | 1997-06-24 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Speech interpreter with a unified grammer compiler |
| US5671204A (en) | 1994-05-25 | 1997-09-23 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | Variable transfer rate data reproduction apparatus |
| US5493677A (en) | 1994-06-08 | 1996-02-20 | Systems Research & Applications Corporation | Generation, archiving, and retrieval of digital images with evoked suggestion-set captions and natural language interface |
| US5675819A (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1997-10-07 | Xerox Corporation | Document information retrieval using global word co-occurrence patterns |
| JPH0869470A (ja) | 1994-06-21 | 1996-03-12 | Canon Inc | 自然言語処理装置及びその方法 |
| US5948040A (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1999-09-07 | Delorme Publishing Co. | Travel reservation information and planning system |
| US5682539A (en) | 1994-09-29 | 1997-10-28 | Conrad; Donovan | Anticipated meaning natural language interface |
| GB2293667B (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1998-05-27 | Intermation Limited | Database management system |
| US5715468A (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1998-02-03 | Budzinski; Robert Lucius | Memory system for storing and retrieving experience and knowledge with natural language |
| US5845255A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1998-12-01 | Advanced Health Med-E-Systems Corporation | Prescription management system |
| US5577241A (en) | 1994-12-07 | 1996-11-19 | Excite, Inc. | Information retrieval system and method with implementation extensible query architecture |
| US5748974A (en) | 1994-12-13 | 1998-05-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Multimodal natural language interface for cross-application tasks |
| US5794050A (en) | 1995-01-04 | 1998-08-11 | Intelligent Text Processing, Inc. | Natural language understanding system |
| CN100501754C (zh) | 1995-02-13 | 2009-06-17 | 英特特拉斯特技术公司 | 用于安全交易管理和电子权利保护的系统和方法 |
| US5701400A (en) | 1995-03-08 | 1997-12-23 | Amado; Carlos Armando | Method and apparatus for applying if-then-else rules to data sets in a relational data base and generating from the results of application of said rules a database of diagnostics linked to said data sets to aid executive analysis of financial data |
| US5749081A (en) | 1995-04-06 | 1998-05-05 | Firefly Network, Inc. | System and method for recommending items to a user |
| US5642464A (en) | 1995-05-03 | 1997-06-24 | Northern Telecom Limited | Methods and apparatus for noise conditioning in digital speech compression systems using linear predictive coding |
| US5664055A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-09-02 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | CS-ACELP speech compression system with adaptive pitch prediction filter gain based on a measure of periodicity |
| US5710886A (en) | 1995-06-16 | 1998-01-20 | Sellectsoft, L.C. | Electric couponing method and apparatus |
| JP3284832B2 (ja) | 1995-06-22 | 2002-05-20 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 音声認識対話処理方法および音声認識対話装置 |
| US6038533A (en) | 1995-07-07 | 2000-03-14 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | System and method for selecting training text |
| US6026388A (en) | 1995-08-16 | 2000-02-15 | Textwise, Llc | User interface and other enhancements for natural language information retrieval system and method |
| JP3697748B2 (ja) | 1995-08-21 | 2005-09-21 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 端末、音声認識装置 |
| US5712957A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1998-01-27 | Carnegie Mellon University | Locating and correcting erroneously recognized portions of utterances by rescoring based on two n-best lists |
| US6173261B1 (en) | 1998-09-30 | 2001-01-09 | At&T Corp | Grammar fragment acquisition using syntactic and semantic clustering |
| US5737734A (en) | 1995-09-15 | 1998-04-07 | Infonautics Corporation | Query word relevance adjustment in a search of an information retrieval system |
| US5790978A (en) | 1995-09-15 | 1998-08-04 | Lucent Technologies, Inc. | System and method for determining pitch contours |
| US5884323A (en) | 1995-10-13 | 1999-03-16 | 3Com Corporation | Extendible method and apparatus for synchronizing files on two different computer systems |
| US5799276A (en) | 1995-11-07 | 1998-08-25 | Accent Incorporated | Knowledge-based speech recognition system and methods having frame length computed based upon estimated pitch period of vocalic intervals |
| US5794237A (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1998-08-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for improving problem source identification in computer systems employing relevance feedback and statistical source ranking |
| US5706442A (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1998-01-06 | Block Financial Corporation | System for on-line financial services using distributed objects |
| US6119101A (en) | 1996-01-17 | 2000-09-12 | Personal Agents, Inc. | Intelligent agents for electronic commerce |
| US6125356A (en) | 1996-01-18 | 2000-09-26 | Rosefaire Development, Ltd. | Portable sales presentation system with selective scripted seller prompts |
| US5987404A (en) | 1996-01-29 | 1999-11-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Statistical natural language understanding using hidden clumpings |
| US5729694A (en) | 1996-02-06 | 1998-03-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Speech coding, reconstruction and recognition using acoustics and electromagnetic waves |
| US6076088A (en) | 1996-02-09 | 2000-06-13 | Paik; Woojin | Information extraction system and method using concept relation concept (CRC) triples |
| US5835893A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1998-11-10 | Atr Interpreting Telecommunications Research Labs | Class-based word clustering for speech recognition using a three-level balanced hierarchical similarity |
| US5901287A (en) | 1996-04-01 | 1999-05-04 | The Sabre Group Inc. | Information aggregation and synthesization system |
| US5867799A (en) | 1996-04-04 | 1999-02-02 | Lang; Andrew K. | Information system and method for filtering a massive flow of information entities to meet user information classification needs |
| US5987140A (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1999-11-16 | Verifone, Inc. | System, method and article of manufacture for secure network electronic payment and credit collection |
| US5963924A (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1999-10-05 | Verifone, Inc. | System, method and article of manufacture for the use of payment instrument holders and payment instruments in network electronic commerce |
| US5913193A (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1999-06-15 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and system of runtime acoustic unit selection for speech synthesis |
| US5857184A (en) | 1996-05-03 | 1999-01-05 | Walden Media, Inc. | Language and method for creating, organizing, and retrieving data from a database |
| US5828999A (en) | 1996-05-06 | 1998-10-27 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and system for deriving a large-span semantic language model for large-vocabulary recognition systems |
| FR2748342B1 (fr) | 1996-05-06 | 1998-07-17 | France Telecom | Procede et dispositif de filtrage par egalisation d'un signal de parole, mettant en oeuvre un modele statistique de ce signal |
| US5826261A (en) | 1996-05-10 | 1998-10-20 | Spencer; Graham | System and method for querying multiple, distributed databases by selective sharing of local relative significance information for terms related to the query |
| US6366883B1 (en) | 1996-05-15 | 2002-04-02 | Atr Interpreting Telecommunications | Concatenation of speech segments by use of a speech synthesizer |
| US5727950A (en) | 1996-05-22 | 1998-03-17 | Netsage Corporation | Agent based instruction system and method |
| US5848386A (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 1998-12-08 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Method and system for translating documents using different translation resources for different portions of the documents |
| US5966533A (en) | 1996-06-11 | 1999-10-12 | Excite, Inc. | Method and system for dynamically synthesizing a computer program by differentially resolving atoms based on user context data |
| US5915249A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1999-06-22 | Excite, Inc. | System and method for accelerated query evaluation of very large full-text databases |
| US5987132A (en) | 1996-06-17 | 1999-11-16 | Verifone, Inc. | System, method and article of manufacture for conditionally accepting a payment method utilizing an extensible, flexible architecture |
| US5825881A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-10-20 | Allsoft Distributing Inc. | Public network merchandising system |
| US6070147A (en) | 1996-07-02 | 2000-05-30 | Tecmark Services, Inc. | Customer identification and marketing analysis systems |
| IL148925A0 (en) | 1996-07-22 | 2002-09-12 | Cyva Res Corp | Personal information security and exchange tool |
| US5862223A (en) | 1996-07-24 | 1999-01-19 | Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership | Method and apparatus for a cryptographically-assisted commercial network system designed to facilitate and support expert-based commerce |
| EP0829811A1 (en) | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-18 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Method and system for information retrieval |
| US6181935B1 (en) | 1996-09-27 | 2001-01-30 | Software.Com, Inc. | Mobility extended telephone application programming interface and method of use |
| US5794182A (en) | 1996-09-30 | 1998-08-11 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Linear predictive speech encoding systems with efficient combination pitch coefficients computation |
| US5721827A (en) | 1996-10-02 | 1998-02-24 | James Logan | System for electrically distributing personalized information |
| US5913203A (en) | 1996-10-03 | 1999-06-15 | Jaesent Inc. | System and method for pseudo cash transactions |
| US5930769A (en) | 1996-10-07 | 1999-07-27 | Rose; Andrea | System and method for fashion shopping |
| US5836771A (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1998-11-17 | Ho; Chi Fai | Learning method and system based on questioning |
| US6665639B2 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 2003-12-16 | Sensory, Inc. | Speech recognition in consumer electronic products |
| US6078914A (en) | 1996-12-09 | 2000-06-20 | Open Text Corporation | Natural language meta-search system and method |
| US5839106A (en) | 1996-12-17 | 1998-11-17 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Large-vocabulary speech recognition using an integrated syntactic and semantic statistical language model |
| US5966126A (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1999-10-12 | Szabo; Andrew J. | Graphic user interface for database system |
| US5932869A (en) | 1996-12-27 | 1999-08-03 | Graphic Technology, Inc. | Promotional system with magnetic stripe and visual thermo-reversible print surfaced medium |
| JP3579204B2 (ja) | 1997-01-17 | 2004-10-20 | 富士通株式会社 | 文書要約装置およびその方法 |
| US5941944A (en) | 1997-03-03 | 1999-08-24 | Microsoft Corporation | Method for providing a substitute for a requested inaccessible object by identifying substantially similar objects using weights corresponding to object features |
| US5930801A (en) | 1997-03-07 | 1999-07-27 | Xerox Corporation | Shared-data environment in which each file has independent security properties |
| US6076051A (en) | 1997-03-07 | 2000-06-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Information retrieval utilizing semantic representation of text |
| US5822743A (en) | 1997-04-08 | 1998-10-13 | 1215627 Ontario Inc. | Knowledge-based information retrieval system |
| US5970474A (en) | 1997-04-24 | 1999-10-19 | Sears, Roebuck And Co. | Registry information system for shoppers |
| US5895464A (en) | 1997-04-30 | 1999-04-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Computer program product and a method for using natural language for the description, search and retrieval of multi-media objects |
| US6233545B1 (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 2001-05-15 | William E. Datig | Universal machine translator of arbitrary languages utilizing epistemic moments |
| US5860063A (en) | 1997-07-11 | 1999-01-12 | At&T Corp | Automated meaningful phrase clustering |
| US5933822A (en) | 1997-07-22 | 1999-08-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Apparatus and methods for an information retrieval system that employs natural language processing of search results to improve overall precision |
| US5974146A (en) | 1997-07-30 | 1999-10-26 | Huntington Bancshares Incorporated | Real time bank-centric universal payment system |
| US5895466A (en) | 1997-08-19 | 1999-04-20 | At&T Corp | Automated natural language understanding customer service system |
| US6081774A (en) | 1997-08-22 | 2000-06-27 | Novell, Inc. | Natural language information retrieval system and method |
| US6404876B1 (en) | 1997-09-25 | 2002-06-11 | Gte Intelligent Network Services Incorporated | System and method for voice activated dialing and routing under open access network control |
| US6023684A (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2000-02-08 | Security First Technologies, Inc. | Three tier financial transaction system with cache memory |
| EP0911808B1 (en) | 1997-10-23 | 2002-05-08 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Speech interface in a home network environment |
| US6108627A (en) | 1997-10-31 | 2000-08-22 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Automatic transcription tool |
| US5943670A (en) | 1997-11-21 | 1999-08-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for categorizing objects in combined categories |
| US5960422A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 1999-09-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for optimized source selection in an information retrieval system |
| US6026375A (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2000-02-15 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Method and apparatus for processing orders from customers in a mobile environment |
| US6064960A (en) | 1997-12-18 | 2000-05-16 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for improved duration modeling of phonemes |
| US6094649A (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2000-07-25 | Partnet, Inc. | Keyword searches of structured databases |
| US6173287B1 (en) | 1998-03-11 | 2001-01-09 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Technique for ranking multimedia annotations of interest |
| US6195641B1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 2001-02-27 | International Business Machines Corp. | Network universal spoken language vocabulary |
| US6026393A (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2000-02-15 | Casebank Technologies Inc. | Configuration knowledge as an aid to case retrieval |
| US6233559B1 (en) | 1998-04-01 | 2001-05-15 | Motorola, Inc. | Speech control of multiple applications using applets |
| US6173279B1 (en) | 1998-04-09 | 2001-01-09 | At&T Corp. | Method of using a natural language interface to retrieve information from one or more data resources |
| US6088731A (en) | 1998-04-24 | 2000-07-11 | Associative Computing, Inc. | Intelligent assistant for use with a local computer and with the internet |
| US6029132A (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2000-02-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. | Method for letter-to-sound in text-to-speech synthesis |
| US6016471A (en) | 1998-04-29 | 2000-01-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus using decision trees to generate and score multiple pronunciations for a spelled word |
| US6285786B1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2001-09-04 | Motorola, Inc. | Text recognizer and method using non-cumulative character scoring in a forward search |
| US6144938A (en) | 1998-05-01 | 2000-11-07 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Voice user interface with personality |
| US20070094224A1 (en) | 1998-05-28 | 2007-04-26 | Lawrence Au | Method and system for determining contextual meaning for network search applications |
| US7711672B2 (en) | 1998-05-28 | 2010-05-04 | Lawrence Au | Semantic network methods to disambiguate natural language meaning |
| US6778970B2 (en) | 1998-05-28 | 2004-08-17 | Lawrence Au | Topological methods to organize semantic network data flows for conversational applications |
| US6144958A (en) | 1998-07-15 | 2000-11-07 | Amazon.Com, Inc. | System and method for correcting spelling errors in search queries |
| US6105865A (en) | 1998-07-17 | 2000-08-22 | Hardesty; Laurence Daniel | Financial transaction system with retirement saving benefit |
| US6434524B1 (en) | 1998-09-09 | 2002-08-13 | One Voice Technologies, Inc. | Object interactive user interface using speech recognition and natural language processing |
| US6499013B1 (en) | 1998-09-09 | 2002-12-24 | One Voice Technologies, Inc. | Interactive user interface using speech recognition and natural language processing |
| US6266637B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 2001-07-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Phrase splicing and variable substitution using a trainable speech synthesizer |
| DE29825146U1 (de) | 1998-09-11 | 2005-08-18 | Püllen, Rainer | Teilnehmereinheit und System für einen Multimediadienst |
| US6792082B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 2004-09-14 | Comverse Ltd. | Voice mail system with personal assistant provisioning |
| US6317831B1 (en) | 1998-09-21 | 2001-11-13 | Openwave Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for establishing a secure connection over a one-way data path |
| US7418382B1 (en) | 1998-10-02 | 2008-08-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Structure skeletons for efficient voice navigation through generic hierarchical objects |
| US6275824B1 (en) | 1998-10-02 | 2001-08-14 | Ncr Corporation | System and method for managing data privacy in a database management system |
| GB9821969D0 (en) | 1998-10-08 | 1998-12-02 | Canon Kk | Apparatus and method for processing natural language |
| US6928614B1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2005-08-09 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Mobile office with speech recognition |
| US6453292B2 (en) | 1998-10-28 | 2002-09-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Command boundary identifier for conversational natural language |
| US6208971B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-03-27 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for command recognition using data-driven semantic inference |
| US6321092B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2001-11-20 | Signal Soft Corporation | Multiple input data management for wireless location-based applications |
| US6446076B1 (en) | 1998-11-12 | 2002-09-03 | Accenture Llp. | Voice interactive web-based agent system responsive to a user location for prioritizing and formatting information |
| US6606599B2 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2003-08-12 | Interactive Speech Technologies, Llc | Method for integrating computing processes with an interface controlled by voice actuated grammars |
| CA2354871A1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-25 | Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. | Speech synthesis using concatenation of speech waveforms |
| US6246981B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2001-06-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Natural language task-oriented dialog manager and method |
| US7082397B2 (en) | 1998-12-01 | 2006-07-25 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | System for and method of creating and browsing a voice web |
| US6260024B1 (en) | 1998-12-02 | 2001-07-10 | Gary Shkedy | Method and apparatus for facilitating buyer-driven purchase orders on a commercial network system |
| US7881936B2 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 2011-02-01 | Tegic Communications, Inc. | Multimodal disambiguation of speech recognition |
| US6317707B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2001-11-13 | At&T Corp. | Automatic clustering of tokens from a corpus for grammar acquisition |
| US6308149B1 (en) | 1998-12-16 | 2001-10-23 | Xerox Corporation | Grouping words with equivalent substrings by automatic clustering based on suffix relationships |
| US6523172B1 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2003-02-18 | Evolutionary Technologies International, Inc. | Parser translator system and method |
| US6460029B1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2002-10-01 | Microsoft Corporation | System for improving search text |
| US6513063B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2003-01-28 | Sri International | Accessing network-based electronic information through scripted online interfaces using spoken input |
| US6523061B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2003-02-18 | Sri International, Inc. | System, method, and article of manufacture for agent-based navigation in a speech-based data navigation system |
| US7036128B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2006-04-25 | Sri International Offices | Using a community of distributed electronic agents to support a highly mobile, ambient computing environment |
| US6851115B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2005-02-01 | Sri International | Software-based architecture for communication and cooperation among distributed electronic agents |
| US6742021B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2004-05-25 | Sri International, Inc. | Navigating network-based electronic information using spoken input with multimodal error feedback |
| US6757718B1 (en) | 1999-01-05 | 2004-06-29 | Sri International | Mobile navigation of network-based electronic information using spoken input |
| US7152070B1 (en) | 1999-01-08 | 2006-12-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | System and method for integrating and accessing multiple data sources within a data warehouse architecture |
| US6505183B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2003-01-07 | Authoria, Inc. | Human resource knowledge modeling and delivery system |
| US6317718B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2001-11-13 | Accenture Properties (2) B.V. | System, method and article of manufacture for location-based filtering for shopping agent in the physical world |
| GB9904662D0 (en) | 1999-03-01 | 1999-04-21 | Canon Kk | Natural language search method and apparatus |
| US6356905B1 (en) | 1999-03-05 | 2002-03-12 | Accenture Llp | System, method and article of manufacture for mobile communication utilizing an interface support framework |
| US6928404B1 (en) | 1999-03-17 | 2005-08-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and methods for acoustic and language modeling for automatic speech recognition with large vocabularies |
| US6584464B1 (en) | 1999-03-19 | 2003-06-24 | Ask Jeeves, Inc. | Grammar template query system |
| WO2000058942A2 (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-05 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Client-server speech recognition |
| US6356854B1 (en) | 1999-04-05 | 2002-03-12 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Holographic object position and type sensing system and method |
| US6631346B1 (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2003-10-07 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for natural language parsing using multiple passes and tags |
| WO2000060435A2 (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-12 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | System and method for accessing personal information |
| US6647260B2 (en) | 1999-04-09 | 2003-11-11 | Openwave Systems Inc. | Method and system facilitating web based provisioning of two-way mobile communications devices |
| US6924828B1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2005-08-02 | Surfnotes | Method and apparatus for improved information representation |
| US6697780B1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2004-02-24 | At&T Corp. | Method and apparatus for rapid acoustic unit selection from a large speech corpus |
| JP2003505778A (ja) | 1999-05-28 | 2003-02-12 | セーダ インコーポレイテッド | 音声制御ユーザインタフェース用の認識文法作成の特定用途を有する句ベースの対話モデル化 |
| US20020032564A1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2002-03-14 | Farzad Ehsani | Phrase-based dialogue modeling with particular application to creating a recognition grammar for a voice-controlled user interface |
| US6931384B1 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2005-08-16 | Microsoft Corporation | System and method providing utility-based decision making about clarification dialog given communicative uncertainty |
| US6598039B1 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2003-07-22 | Albert-Inc. S.A. | Natural language interface for searching database |
| US8065155B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2011-11-22 | Gazdzinski Robert F | Adaptive advertising apparatus and methods |
| US7711565B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2010-05-04 | Gazdzinski Robert F | “Smart” elevator system and method |
| US7093693B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2006-08-22 | Gazdzinski Robert F | Elevator access control system and method |
| US6615175B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2003-09-02 | Robert F. Gazdzinski | “Smart” elevator system and method |
| US6711585B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 | 2004-03-23 | Kanisa Inc. | System and method for implementing a knowledge management system |
| JP3361291B2 (ja) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-01-07 | コナミ株式会社 | 音声合成方法、音声合成装置及び音声合成プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体 |
| US6421672B1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2002-07-16 | Verizon Services Corp. | Apparatus for and method of disambiguation of directory listing searches utilizing multiple selectable secondary search keys |
| EP1079387A3 (en) | 1999-08-26 | 2003-07-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Mechanism for storing information about recorded television broadcasts |
| US6912499B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2005-06-28 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and apparatus for training a multilingual speech model set |
| US6601234B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2003-07-29 | Accenture Llp | Attribute dictionary in a business logic services environment |
| US6697824B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2004-02-24 | Accenture Llp | Relationship management in an E-commerce application framework |
| US7127403B1 (en) | 1999-09-13 | 2006-10-24 | Microstrategy, Inc. | System and method for personalizing an interactive voice broadcast of a voice service based on particulars of a request |
| US6601026B2 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2003-07-29 | Discern Communications, Inc. | Information retrieval by natural language querying |
| US6505175B1 (en) | 1999-10-06 | 2003-01-07 | Goldman, Sachs & Co. | Order centric tracking system |
| US6625583B1 (en) | 1999-10-06 | 2003-09-23 | Goldman, Sachs & Co. | Handheld trading system interface |
| US7020685B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2006-03-28 | Openwave Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing internet content to SMS-based wireless devices |
| AU8030300A (en) | 1999-10-19 | 2001-04-30 | Sony Electronics Inc. | Natural language interface control system |
| US6807574B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2004-10-19 | Tellme Networks, Inc. | Method and apparatus for content personalization over a telephone interface |
| JP2001125896A (ja) | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-11 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | 自然言語対話システム |
| US7310600B1 (en) | 1999-10-28 | 2007-12-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Language recognition using a similarity measure |
| US6633846B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-10-14 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Distributed realtime speech recognition system |
| US6615172B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-09-02 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Intelligent query engine for processing voice based queries |
| US7725307B2 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2010-05-25 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Query engine for processing voice based queries including semantic decoding |
| US7392185B2 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2008-06-24 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Speech based learning/training system using semantic decoding |
| US9076448B2 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2015-07-07 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | Distributed real time speech recognition system |
| US6665640B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-12-16 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Interactive speech based learning/training system formulating search queries based on natural language parsing of recognized user queries |
| US7050977B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2006-05-23 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Speech-enabled server for internet website and method |
| US6532446B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2003-03-11 | Openwave Systems Inc. | Server based speech recognition user interface for wireless devices |
| US6526382B1 (en) | 1999-12-07 | 2003-02-25 | Comverse, Inc. | Language-oriented user interfaces for voice activated services |
| US6526395B1 (en) | 1999-12-31 | 2003-02-25 | Intel Corporation | Application of personality models and interaction with synthetic characters in a computing system |
| US6556983B1 (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2003-04-29 | Microsoft Corporation | Methods and apparatus for finding semantic information, such as usage logs, similar to a query using a pattern lattice data space |
| US6546388B1 (en) | 2000-01-14 | 2003-04-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Metadata search results ranking system |
| US6701294B1 (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2004-03-02 | Lucent Technologies, Inc. | User interface for translating natural language inquiries into database queries and data presentations |
| US6829603B1 (en) | 2000-02-02 | 2004-12-07 | International Business Machines Corp. | System, method and program product for interactive natural dialog |
| US6895558B1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2005-05-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Multi-access mode electronic personal assistant |
| US6640098B1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2003-10-28 | Action Engine Corporation | System for obtaining service-related information for local interactive wireless devices |
| US6847979B2 (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2005-01-25 | Synquiry Technologies, Ltd | Conceptual factoring and unification of graphs representing semantic models |
| US6895380B2 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2005-05-17 | Electro Standards Laboratories | Voice actuation with contextual learning for intelligent machine control |
| US6449620B1 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2002-09-10 | Nimble Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating information pages using semi-structured data stored in a structured manner |
| WO2001067225A2 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-13 | Kanisa Inc. | A system and method for providing an intelligent multi-step dialog with a user |
| US6757362B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2004-06-29 | Avaya Technology Corp. | Personal virtual assistant |
| US6466654B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2002-10-15 | Avaya Technology Corp. | Personal virtual assistant with semantic tagging |
| US6477488B1 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2002-11-05 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method for dynamic context scope selection in hybrid n-gram+LSA language modeling |
| US6615220B1 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2003-09-02 | Oracle International Corporation | Method and mechanism for data consolidation |
| US6510417B1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2003-01-21 | America Online, Inc. | System and method for voice access to internet-based information |
| GB2366009B (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2004-07-21 | Canon Kk | Natural language machine interface |
| JP3728172B2 (ja) | 2000-03-31 | 2005-12-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 音声合成方法および装置 |
| US7177798B2 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2007-02-13 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Natural language interface using constrained intermediate dictionary of results |
| US7107204B1 (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2006-09-12 | Microsoft Corporation | Computer-aided writing system and method with cross-language writing wizard |
| US6810379B1 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2004-10-26 | Sensory, Inc. | Client/server architecture for text-to-speech synthesis |
| JP2002014954A (ja) | 2000-06-28 | 2002-01-18 | Toshiba Corp | 中国語入力変換処理装置、中国語入力変換処理方法及び記録媒体 |
| US6684187B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2004-01-27 | At&T Corp. | Method and system for preselection of suitable units for concatenative speech |
| US6691111B2 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2004-02-10 | Research In Motion Limited | System and method for implementing a natural language user interface |
| US6505158B1 (en) | 2000-07-05 | 2003-01-07 | At&T Corp. | Synthesis-based pre-selection of suitable units for concatenative speech |
| JP3949356B2 (ja) | 2000-07-12 | 2007-07-25 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 音声対話システム |
| US7139709B2 (en) | 2000-07-20 | 2006-11-21 | Microsoft Corporation | Middleware layer between speech related applications and engines |
| JP2002041276A (ja) | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-08 | Sony Corp | 対話型操作支援システム及び対話型操作支援方法、並びに記憶媒体 |
| US20060143007A1 (en) | 2000-07-24 | 2006-06-29 | Koh V E | User interaction with voice information services |
| US7092928B1 (en) | 2000-07-31 | 2006-08-15 | Quantum Leap Research, Inc. | Intelligent portal engine |
| US6778951B1 (en) | 2000-08-09 | 2004-08-17 | Concerto Software, Inc. | Information retrieval method with natural language interface |
| US6766320B1 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2004-07-20 | Microsoft Corporation | Search engine with natural language-based robust parsing for user query and relevance feedback learning |
| DE10042944C2 (de) | 2000-08-31 | 2003-03-13 | Siemens Ag | Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung |
| EP1319227B1 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2007-03-14 | Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. | Fast waveform synchronization for concatenation and time-scale modification of speech |
| US7216080B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2007-05-08 | Mindfabric Holdings Llc | Natural-language voice-activated personal assistant |
| US6832194B1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2004-12-14 | Sensory, Incorporated | Audio recognition peripheral system |
| US7027974B1 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2006-04-11 | Science Applications International Corporation | Ontology-based parser for natural language processing |
| US7006969B2 (en) | 2000-11-02 | 2006-02-28 | At&T Corp. | System and method of pattern recognition in very high-dimensional space |
| EP1346344A1 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2003-09-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Store speech, select vocabulary to recognize word |
| US6937986B2 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2005-08-30 | Comverse, Inc. | Automatic dynamic speech recognition vocabulary based on external sources of information |
| WO2002054239A2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-11 | General Electric Company | Method and system for identifying repeatedly malfunctioning equipment |
| US7257537B2 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2007-08-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for performing dialog management in a computer conversational interface |
| US6964023B2 (en) | 2001-02-05 | 2005-11-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for multi-modal focus detection, referential ambiguity resolution and mood classification using multi-modal input |
| US7290039B1 (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2007-10-30 | Microsoft Corporation | Intent based processing |
| US6721728B2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2004-04-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | System, method and apparatus for discovering phrases in a database |
| WO2002073451A2 (en) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | Intelligate Ltd. | Dynamic natural language understanding |
| US6996531B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2006-02-07 | Comverse Ltd. | Automated database assistance using a telephone for a speech based or text based multimedia communication mode |
| US6654740B2 (en) | 2001-05-08 | 2003-11-25 | Sunflare Co., Ltd. | Probabilistic information retrieval based on differential latent semantic space |
| US7085722B2 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2006-08-01 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. | System and method for menu-driven voice control of characters in a game environment |
| US6944594B2 (en) | 2001-05-30 | 2005-09-13 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation | Multi-context conversational environment system and method |
| US20020194003A1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-19 | Mozer Todd F. | Client-server security system and method |
| US20020198714A1 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-12-26 | Guojun Zhou | Statistical spoken dialog system |
| US7139722B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2006-11-21 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation | Location and time sensitive wireless calendaring |
| US6604059B2 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2003-08-05 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Predictive calendar |
| US7987151B2 (en) | 2001-08-10 | 2011-07-26 | General Dynamics Advanced Info Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for problem solving using intelligent agents |
| US6813491B1 (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2004-11-02 | Openwave Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for adapting settings of wireless communication devices in accordance with user proximity |
| US7403938B2 (en) | 2001-09-24 | 2008-07-22 | Iac Search & Media, Inc. | Natural language query processing |
| US20050196732A1 (en) | 2001-09-26 | 2005-09-08 | Scientific Learning Corporation | Method and apparatus for automated training of language learning skills |
| US6985865B1 (en) | 2001-09-26 | 2006-01-10 | Sprint Spectrum L.P. | Method and system for enhanced response to voice commands in a voice command platform |
| US6650735B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2003-11-18 | Microsoft Corporation | Integrated voice access to a variety of personal information services |
| US7324947B2 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2008-01-29 | Promptu Systems Corporation | Global speech user interface |
| US7167832B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2007-01-23 | At&T Corp. | Method for dialog management |
| GB2381409B (en) | 2001-10-27 | 2004-04-28 | Hewlett Packard Ltd | Asynchronous access to synchronous voice services |
| NO316480B1 (no) | 2001-11-15 | 2004-01-26 | Forinnova As | Fremgangsmåte og system for tekstuell granskning og oppdagelse |
| US20030101054A1 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2003-05-29 | Ncc, Llc | Integrated system and method for electronic speech recognition and transcription |
| TW541517B (en) | 2001-12-25 | 2003-07-11 | Univ Nat Cheng Kung | Speech recognition system |
| US7197460B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2007-03-27 | At&T Corp. | System for handling frequently asked questions in a natural language dialog service |
| US6847966B1 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2005-01-25 | Engenium Corporation | Method and system for optimally searching a document database using a representative semantic space |
| US7546382B2 (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2009-06-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Methods and systems for authoring of mixed-initiative multi-modal interactions and related browsing mechanisms |
| US7398209B2 (en) | 2002-06-03 | 2008-07-08 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance |
| US7233790B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2007-06-19 | Openwave Systems, Inc. | Device capability based discovery, packaging and provisioning of content for wireless mobile devices |
| US7299033B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2007-11-20 | Openwave Systems Inc. | Domain-based management of distribution of digital content from multiple suppliers to multiple wireless services subscribers |
| US7693720B2 (en) | 2002-07-15 | 2010-04-06 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | Mobile systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance |
| US7467087B1 (en) | 2002-10-10 | 2008-12-16 | Gillick Laurence S | Training and using pronunciation guessers in speech recognition |
| AU2003293071A1 (en) | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-18 | Roy Rosser | Autonomous response engine |
| US7684985B2 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2010-03-23 | Richard Dominach | Techniques for disambiguating speech input using multimodal interfaces |
| US7386449B2 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2008-06-10 | Voice Enabling Systems Technology Inc. | Knowledge-based flexible natural speech dialogue system |
| US7956766B2 (en) | 2003-01-06 | 2011-06-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Apparatus operating system |
| US7529671B2 (en) | 2003-03-04 | 2009-05-05 | Microsoft Corporation | Block synchronous decoding |
| US6980949B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2005-12-27 | Sonum Technologies, Inc. | Natural language processor |
| US20040186714A1 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-23 | Aurilab, Llc | Speech recognition improvement through post-processsing |
| US7496498B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2009-02-24 | Microsoft Corporation | Front-end architecture for a multi-lingual text-to-speech system |
| US7421393B1 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2008-09-02 | At&T Corp. | System for developing a dialog manager using modular spoken-dialog components |
| US7200559B2 (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2007-04-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Semantic object synchronous understanding implemented with speech application language tags |
| US7720683B1 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2010-05-18 | Sensory, Inc. | Method and apparatus of specifying and performing speech recognition operations |
| US7475010B2 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2009-01-06 | Lingospot, Inc. | Adaptive and scalable method for resolving natural language ambiguities |
| US7418392B1 (en) | 2003-09-25 | 2008-08-26 | Sensory, Inc. | System and method for controlling the operation of a device by voice commands |
| US7155706B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2006-12-26 | Microsoft Corporation | Administrative tool environment |
| US7584092B2 (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2009-09-01 | Microsoft Corporation | Unsupervised learning of paraphrase/translation alternations and selective application thereof |
| US7412385B2 (en) | 2003-11-12 | 2008-08-12 | Microsoft Corporation | System for identifying paraphrases using machine translation |
| US7447630B2 (en) | 2003-11-26 | 2008-11-04 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and apparatus for multi-sensory speech enhancement |
| EP1691343B1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2008-09-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kenwood | Audio device control device,audio device control method, and program |
| CA2545873C (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2012-07-24 | Loquendo S.P.A. | Text-to-speech method and system, computer program product therefor |
| US7427024B1 (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2008-09-23 | Gazdzinski Mark J | Chattel management apparatus and methods |
| US7552055B2 (en) | 2004-01-10 | 2009-06-23 | Microsoft Corporation | Dialog component re-use in recognition systems |
| EP1704558B8 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2011-09-21 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | Corpus-based speech synthesis based on segment recombination |
| US20050165607A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2005-07-28 | At&T Corp. | System and method to disambiguate and clarify user intention in a spoken dialog system |
| EP1560200B8 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2009-08-05 | Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH | Method and system for spoken dialogue interface |
| KR100462292B1 (ko) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-12-17 | 엔에이치엔(주) | 중요도 정보를 반영한 검색 결과 리스트 제공 방법 및 그시스템 |
| US7693715B2 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2010-04-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Generating large units of graphonemes with mutual information criterion for letter to sound conversion |
| US7478033B2 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2009-01-13 | Google Inc. | Systems and methods for translating Chinese pinyin to Chinese characters |
| US7409337B1 (en) | 2004-03-30 | 2008-08-05 | Microsoft Corporation | Natural language processing interface |
| US7496512B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2009-02-24 | Microsoft Corporation | Refining of segmental boundaries in speech waveforms using contextual-dependent models |
| US8095364B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2012-01-10 | Tegic Communications, Inc. | Multimodal disambiguation of speech recognition |
| US20050289463A1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-12-29 | Google Inc., A Delaware Corporation | Systems and methods for spell correction of non-roman characters and words |
| US7720674B2 (en) | 2004-06-29 | 2010-05-18 | Sap Ag | Systems and methods for processing natural language queries |
| JP4652737B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-14 | 2011-03-16 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 単語境界確率推定装置及び方法、確率的言語モデル構築装置及び方法、仮名漢字変換装置及び方法、並びに、未知語モデルの構築方法、 |
| TWI252049B (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2006-03-21 | Inventec Corp | Sound control system and method |
| US7725318B2 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2010-05-25 | Nice Systems Inc. | System and method for improving the accuracy of audio searching |
| US20060048055A1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-02 | Jun Wu | Fault-tolerant romanized input method for non-roman characters |
| US7853574B2 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2010-12-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method of generating a context-inferenced search query and of sorting a result of the query |
| US7716056B2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-05-11 | Robert Bosch Corporation | Method and system for interactive conversational dialogue for cognitively overloaded device users |
| US8107401B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2012-01-31 | Avaya Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing a virtual assistant to a communication participant |
| US7552046B2 (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2009-06-23 | Microsoft Corporation | Unsupervised learning of paraphrase/translation alternations and selective application thereof |
| US7546235B2 (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2009-06-09 | Microsoft Corporation | Unsupervised learning of paraphrase/translation alternations and selective application thereof |
| US7702500B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2010-04-20 | Blaedow Karen R | Method and apparatus for determining the meaning of natural language |
| CN1609859A (zh) | 2004-11-26 | 2005-04-27 | 孙斌 | 搜索结果聚类的方法 |
| US7376645B2 (en) | 2004-11-29 | 2008-05-20 | The Intellection Group, Inc. | Multimodal natural language query system and architecture for processing voice and proximity-based queries |
| US20060122834A1 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-08 | Bennett Ian M | Emotion detection device & method for use in distributed systems |
| US8214214B2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2012-07-03 | Phoenix Solutions, Inc. | Emotion detection device and method for use in distributed systems |
| US7636657B2 (en) | 2004-12-09 | 2009-12-22 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and apparatus for automatic grammar generation from data entries |
| US7873654B2 (en) | 2005-01-24 | 2011-01-18 | The Intellection Group, Inc. | Multimodal natural language query system for processing and analyzing voice and proximity-based queries |
| US7508373B2 (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2009-03-24 | Microsoft Corporation | Form factor and input method for language input |
| GB0502259D0 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-03-09 | British Telecomm | Document searching tool and method |
| US7676026B1 (en) | 2005-03-08 | 2010-03-09 | Baxtech Asia Pte Ltd | Desktop telephony system |
| US7925525B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2011-04-12 | Microsoft Corporation | Smart reminders |
| WO2006129967A1 (en) | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-07 | Daumsoft, Inc. | Conversation system and method using conversational agent |
| US8041570B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2011-10-18 | Robert Bosch Corporation | Dialogue management using scripts |
| US8024195B2 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2011-09-20 | Sensory, Inc. | Systems and methods of performing speech recognition using historical information |
| US7826945B2 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2010-11-02 | You Zhang | Automobile speech-recognition interface |
| WO2007019510A2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Realnetworks, Inc. | Personal media device |
| US7640160B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2009-12-29 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance |
| US7620549B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2009-11-17 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method of supporting adaptive misrecognition in conversational speech |
| US7949529B2 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2011-05-24 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | Mobile systems and methods of supporting natural language human-machine interactions |
| EP1934971A4 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2010-10-27 | Voicebox Technologies Inc | DYNAMIC LANGUAGE SCRIPTURE |
| US8265939B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2012-09-11 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | Hierarchical methods and apparatus for extracting user intent from spoken utterances |
| US8677377B2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2014-03-18 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant |
| JP4908094B2 (ja) | 2005-09-30 | 2012-04-04 | 株式会社リコー | 情報処理システム、情報処理方法及び情報処理プログラム |
| US7930168B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2011-04-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Natural language processing of disfluent sentences |
| CN100483399C (zh) * | 2005-10-09 | 2009-04-29 | 株式会社东芝 | 训练音译模型、切分统计模型的方法和装置 |
| US8620667B2 (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2013-12-31 | Microsoft Corporation | Flexible speech-activated command and control |
| US7707032B2 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2010-04-27 | National Cheng Kung University | Method and system for matching speech data |
| US20070106674A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-10 | Purusharth Agrawal | Field sales process facilitation systems and methods |
| US20070185926A1 (en) | 2005-11-28 | 2007-08-09 | Anand Prahlad | Systems and methods for classifying and transferring information in a storage network |
| KR100810500B1 (ko) | 2005-12-08 | 2008-03-07 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 대화형 음성 인터페이스 시스템에서의 사용자 편의성증대 방법 |
| GB2433403B (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-06-24 | Emil Ltd | A text editing apparatus and method |
| DE102005061365A1 (de) | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-28 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Ansteuerung zumindest einer ersten und zweiten Hintergrundapplikation über ein universelles Sprachdialogsystem |
| US7996228B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2011-08-09 | Microsoft Corporation | Voice initiated network operations |
| US7599918B2 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2009-10-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Dynamic search with implicit user intention mining |
| JP2007183864A (ja) | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Fujitsu Ltd | ファイル検索方法及びそのシステム |
| US20070174188A1 (en) | 2006-01-25 | 2007-07-26 | Fish Robert D | Electronic marketplace that facilitates transactions between consolidated buyers and/or sellers |
| IL174107A0 (en) | 2006-02-01 | 2006-08-01 | Grois Dan | Method and system for advertising by means of a search engine over a data network |
| US7983910B2 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2011-07-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Communicating across voice and text channels with emotion preservation |
| KR100764174B1 (ko) | 2006-03-03 | 2007-10-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 음성 대화 서비스 장치 및 방법 |
| US7752152B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2010-07-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Using predictive user models for language modeling on a personal device with user behavior models based on statistical modeling |
| JP4734155B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-24 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社東芝 | 音声認識装置、音声認識方法および音声認識プログラム |
| US7707027B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2010-04-27 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | Identification and rejection of meaningless input during natural language classification |
| US8214213B1 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2012-07-03 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Speech recognition based on pronunciation modeling |
| US8423347B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2013-04-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Natural language personal information management |
| US20100257160A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2010-10-07 | Yu Cao | Methods & apparatus for searching with awareness of different types of information |
| US7483894B2 (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2009-01-27 | Platformation Technologies, Inc | Methods and apparatus for entity search |
| US7523108B2 (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2009-04-21 | Platformation, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for searching with awareness of geography and languages |
| KR100776800B1 (ko) | 2006-06-16 | 2007-11-19 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 지능형 가제트를 이용한 맞춤형 서비스 제공 방법 및시스템 |
| US7548895B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2009-06-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Communication-prompted user assistance |
| US9318108B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2016-04-19 | Apple Inc. | Intelligent automated assistant |
| US8073681B2 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2011-12-06 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method for a cooperative conversational voice user interface |
| US20080129520A1 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-05 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Electronic device with enhanced audio feedback |
| WO2008085742A2 (en) | 2007-01-07 | 2008-07-17 | Apple Inc. | Portable multifunction device, method and graphical user interface for interacting with user input elements in displayed content |
| KR100883657B1 (ko) | 2007-01-26 | 2009-02-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 음성 인식 기반의 음악 검색 방법 및 장치 |
| US7818176B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2010-10-19 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method for selecting and presenting advertisements based on natural language processing of voice-based input |
| US7822608B2 (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2010-10-26 | Nuance Communications, Inc. | Disambiguating a speech recognition grammar in a multimodal application |
| US20080221880A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-11 | Cerra Joseph P | Mobile music environment speech processing facility |
| US7801729B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2010-09-21 | Sensory, Inc. | Using multiple attributes to create a voice search playlist |
| US8219406B2 (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2012-07-10 | Microsoft Corporation | Speech-centric multimodal user interface design in mobile technology |
| US7809610B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2010-10-05 | Platformation, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for freshness and completeness of information |
| US8457946B2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2013-06-04 | Microsoft Corporation | Recognition architecture for generating Asian characters |
| US7983915B2 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2011-07-19 | Sonic Foundry, Inc. | Audio content search engine |
| US8055708B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2011-11-08 | Microsoft Corporation | Multimedia spaces |
| US8204238B2 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2012-06-19 | Sensory, Inc | Systems and methods of sonic communication |
| US8190627B2 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2012-05-29 | Microsoft Corporation | Machine assisted query formulation |
| US8019606B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2011-09-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Identification and selection of a software application via speech |
| JP2009036999A (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-19 | Infocom Corp | コンピュータによる対話方法、対話システム、コンピュータプログラムおよびコンピュータに読み取り可能な記憶媒体 |
| KR101359715B1 (ko) | 2007-08-24 | 2014-02-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 모바일 음성 웹 제공 방법 및 장치 |
| WO2009029910A2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | Proxpro, Inc. | Situation-aware personal information management for a mobile device |
| US20090058823A1 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2009-03-05 | Apple Inc. | Virtual Keyboards in Multi-Language Environment |
| US9734465B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2017-08-15 | Ricoh Co., Ltd | Distributed workflow-enabled system |
| KR100920267B1 (ko) | 2007-09-17 | 2009-10-05 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 음성 대화 분석 시스템 및 그 방법 |
| US8706476B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2014-04-22 | Ariadne Genomics, Inc. | Natural language processing method by analyzing primitive sentences, logical clauses, clause types and verbal blocks |
| US8165886B1 (en) | 2007-10-04 | 2012-04-24 | Great Northern Research LLC | Speech interface system and method for control and interaction with applications on a computing system |
| US8036901B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2011-10-11 | Sensory, Incorporated | Systems and methods of performing speech recognition using sensory inputs of human position |
| US20090112677A1 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Rhett Randolph L | Method for automatically developing suggested optimal work schedules from unsorted group and individual task lists |
| US7840447B2 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2010-11-23 | Leonard Kleinrock | Pricing and auctioning of bundled items among multiple sellers and buyers |
| US7983997B2 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2011-07-19 | Florida Institute For Human And Machine Cognition, Inc. | Interactive complex task teaching system that allows for natural language input, recognizes a user's intent, and automatically performs tasks in document object model (DOM) nodes |
| US7890525B2 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2011-02-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Foreign language abbreviation translation in an instant messaging system |
| US8112280B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2012-02-07 | Sensory, Inc. | Systems and methods of performing speech recognition with barge-in for use in a bluetooth system |
| US8140335B2 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2012-03-20 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method for providing a natural language voice user interface in an integrated voice navigation services environment |
| US10002189B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2018-06-19 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for searching using an active ontology |
| US8219407B1 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2012-07-10 | Great Northern Research, LLC | Method for processing the output of a speech recognizer |
| US20090192782A1 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-07-30 | William Drewes | Method for increasing the accuracy of statistical machine translation (SMT) |
| US8099289B2 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2012-01-17 | Sensory, Inc. | Voice interface and search for electronic devices including bluetooth headsets and remote systems |
| US8958848B2 (en) | 2008-04-08 | 2015-02-17 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Mobile terminal and menu control method thereof |
| US8666824B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2014-03-04 | Dell Products L.P. | Digital media content location and purchasing system |
| US8285344B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2012-10-09 | DP Technlogies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adjusting audio for a user environment |
| US8589161B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 | 2013-11-19 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method for an integrated, multi-modal, multi-device natural language voice services environment |
| US8694355B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2014-04-08 | Sri International | Method and apparatus for automated assistance with task management |
| JP5377889B2 (ja) | 2008-06-05 | 2013-12-25 | 日本放送協会 | 言語処理装置およびプログラム |
| US8423288B2 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2013-04-16 | Apple Inc. | Dynamic alerts for calendar events |
| US8166019B1 (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2012-04-24 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Providing suggested actions in response to textual communications |
| US9200913B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2015-12-01 | Telecommunication Systems, Inc. | User interface for predictive traffic |
| US8364487B2 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2013-01-29 | Microsoft Corporation | Speech recognition system with display information |
| US8140328B2 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2012-03-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | User intention based on N-best list of recognition hypotheses for utterances in a dialog |
| US8326637B2 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2012-12-04 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method for processing multi-modal device interactions in a natural language voice services environment |
| US8805823B2 (en) | 2009-04-14 | 2014-08-12 | Sri International | Content processing systems and methods |
| US8606735B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2013-12-10 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for predicting user's intention based on multimodal information |
| KR101581883B1 (ko) | 2009-04-30 | 2016-01-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 모션 정보를 이용하는 음성 검출 장치 및 방법 |
| US9858925B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2018-01-02 | Apple Inc. | Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant |
| US10540976B2 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2020-01-21 | Apple Inc. | Contextual voice commands |
| US10255566B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2019-04-09 | Apple Inc. | Generating and processing task items that represent tasks to perform |
| KR101562792B1 (ko) | 2009-06-10 | 2015-10-23 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 목표 예측 인터페이스 제공 장치 및 그 방법 |
| US8527278B2 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2013-09-03 | Abraham Ben David | Intelligent home automation |
| KR101083540B1 (ko) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-11-14 | 엔에이치엔(주) | 통계적인 방법을 이용한 한자에 대한 자국어 발음열 변환 시스템 및 방법 |
| US20110047072A1 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-24 | Visa U.S.A. Inc. | Systems and Methods for Propensity Analysis and Validation |
| US8768313B2 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2014-07-01 | Digimarc Corporation | Methods and systems for image or audio recognition processing |
| EP2473916A4 (en) | 2009-09-02 | 2013-07-10 | Stanford Res Inst Int | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR USING A HUMAN FEEDBACK IN AN INTELLIGENT AUTOMATED ASSISTANT |
| US8321527B2 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2012-11-27 | Tribal Brands | System and method for tracking user location and associated activity and responsively providing mobile device updates |
| KR20110036385A (ko) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 사용자 의도 분석 장치 및 방법 |
| US20110099507A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2011-04-28 | Google Inc. | Displaying a collection of interactive elements that trigger actions directed to an item |
| US9197736B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2015-11-24 | Digimarc Corporation | Intuitive computing methods and systems |
| US20120137367A1 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2012-05-31 | Cataphora, Inc. | Continuous anomaly detection based on behavior modeling and heterogeneous information analysis |
| US9171541B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2015-10-27 | Voicebox Technologies Corporation | System and method for hybrid processing in a natural language voice services environment |
| WO2011059997A1 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-19 | Voicebox Technologies, Inc. | System and method for providing a natural language content dedication service |
| US8712759B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2014-04-29 | Clausal Computing Oy | Specializing disambiguation of a natural language expression |
| KR101960835B1 (ko) | 2009-11-24 | 2019-03-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 대화 로봇을 이용한 일정 관리 시스템 및 그 방법 |
| US8396888B2 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2013-03-12 | Google Inc. | Location-based searching using a search area that corresponds to a geographical location of a computing device |
| KR101622111B1 (ko) | 2009-12-11 | 2016-05-18 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 대화 시스템 및 그의 대화 방법 |
| US20110161309A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2011-06-30 | Lx1 Technology Limited | Method Of Sorting The Result Set Of A Search Engine |
| US8494852B2 (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2013-07-23 | Google Inc. | Word-level correction of speech input |
| US8334842B2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2012-12-18 | Microsoft Corporation | Recognizing user intent in motion capture system |
| US8626511B2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2014-01-07 | Google Inc. | Multi-dimensional disambiguation of voice commands |
| US20110218855A1 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-08 | Platformation, Inc. | Offering Promotions Based on Query Analysis |
| US8265928B2 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2012-09-11 | Google Inc. | Geotagged environmental audio for enhanced speech recognition accuracy |
| US20110279368A1 (en) | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Inferring user intent to engage a motion capture system |
| US8694313B2 (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2014-04-08 | Google Inc. | Disambiguation of contact information using historical data |
| US8522283B2 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2013-08-27 | Google Inc. | Television remote control data transfer |
| US8468012B2 (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2013-06-18 | Google Inc. | Acoustic model adaptation using geographic information |
| US20110306426A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Microsoft Corporation | Activity Participation Based On User Intent |
| US8234111B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2012-07-31 | Google Inc. | Speech and noise models for speech recognition |
| US8411874B2 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2013-04-02 | Google Inc. | Removing noise from audio |
| US8775156B2 (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2014-07-08 | Google Inc. | Translating languages in response to device motion |
| US8359020B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2013-01-22 | Google Inc. | Automatically monitoring for voice input based on context |
| US8473289B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2013-06-25 | Google Inc. | Disambiguating input based on context |
| CN102651217A (zh) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社东芝 | 用于合成语音的方法、设备以及用于语音合成的声学模型训练方法 |
| CN103688279A (zh) | 2011-04-25 | 2014-03-26 | 韦韦欧股份有限公司 | 用于智能个人时间表助理的系统和方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-08-11 US US13/208,222 patent/US8706472B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-08-10 JP JP2012178885A patent/JP2013065284A/ja active Pending
- 2012-08-10 KR KR1020120088063A patent/KR101435265B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-08-13 CN CN201210287345.0A patent/CN102982021B/zh active Active
-
2014
- 2014-08-19 JP JP2014166939A patent/JP5997217B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007004633A (ja) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-11 | Microsoft Corp | 言語モデル作成装置およびそれにより作成された言語モデルを使用する言語処理装置 |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104239289A (zh) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-12-24 | 富士通株式会社 | 音节划分方法和音节划分设备 |
| CN104239289B (zh) * | 2013-06-24 | 2017-08-29 | 富士通株式会社 | 音节划分方法和音节划分设备 |
| CN103455621A (zh) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-18 | 金蝶软件（中国）有限公司 | 一种物流运单号的解析方法、装置和系统 |
| CN103455621B (zh) * | 2013-09-12 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳前海百递网络有限公司 | 一种物流运单号的解析方法、装置和系统 |
| US9711138B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2017-07-18 | Via Technologies, Inc. | Method for building language model, speech recognition method and electronic apparatus |
| CN111026844A (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 河北数云堂智能科技有限公司 | 一种识别数字串读法的方法及装置 |
| CN111026844B (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2023-08-01 | 河北数云堂智能科技有限公司 | 一种识别数字串读法的方法及装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2013065284A (ja) | 2013-04-11 |
| KR101435265B1 (ko) | 2014-08-28 |
| US8706472B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
| US20130041647A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
| JP5997217B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN102982021B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
| KR20130018205A (ko) | 2013-02-20 |
| JP2015038731A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102982021B (zh) | 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 | |
| CN101133411B (zh) | 非罗马字符的容错罗马化输入方法 | |
| US8386240B2 (en) | Domain dictionary creation by detection of new topic words using divergence value comparison | |
| Benajiba et al. | Arabic named entity recognition: A feature-driven study | |
| CN108124477B (zh) | 基于伪数据改进分词器以处理自然语言 | |
| US8463598B2 (en) | Word detection | |
| CN103970798B (zh) | 数据的搜索和匹配 | |
| Beinborn et al. | Cognate production using character-based machine translation | |
| JP2011018330A (ja) | 統計的な方法を用いて漢字を自国語の発音列に変換するシステムおよび方法 | |
| JP2010531492A (ja) | ワード確率決定 | |
| CN105210057B (zh) | 多语言商业标记管理以及音译合成 | |
| CN104239289B (zh) | 音节划分方法和音节划分设备 | |
| CN104850543A (zh) | 语音对话支持装置和语音对话支持方法 | |
| WO2009026850A1 (en) | Domain dictionary creation | |
| Jain et al. | “UTTAM” An Efficient Spelling Correction System for Hindi Language Based on Supervised Learning | |
| Josan et al. | A Punjabi to Hindi machine transliteration system | |
| CN111259262A (zh) | 一种信息检索方法、装置、设备及介质 | |
| Tursun et al. | Noisy Uyghur text normalization | |
| Uthayamoorthy et al. | Ddspell-a data driven spell checker and suggestion generator for the tamil language | |
| Jamro | Sindhi language processing: A survey | |
| Alkahtani | Building and verifying parallel corpora between Arabic and English | |
| Muhamad et al. | Proposal: A hybrid dictionary modelling approach for malay tweet normalization | |
| de Mendonça Almeida et al. | Evaluating phonetic spellers for user-generated content in Brazilian Portuguese | |
| KR102552811B1 (ko) | 클라우드 기반 문법 교정 서비스 제공 시스템 | |
| CN114861669A (zh) | 一种融入拼音信息的中文实体链接方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |