CN103023474B - 用于控制可移动面板的具有锁定控制的接近开关 - Google Patents

用于控制可移动面板的具有锁定控制的接近开关 Download PDF

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CN103023474B
CN103023474B CN201210332989.7A CN201210332989A CN103023474B CN 103023474 B CN103023474 B CN 103023474B CN 201210332989 A CN201210332989 A CN 201210332989A CN 103023474 B CN103023474 B CN 103023474B
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removable panel
locking
proximity switch
switch
activation
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CN103023474A (zh
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斯图尔特·C·萨尔特
安娜·希尔
杰弗里·辛格
康奈尔·路易斯·加德纳
贝亚特里斯·艾瑟拉·帕迪拉
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60JWINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J7/00Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
    • B60J7/02Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes
    • B60J7/04Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with rigid plate-like element or elements, e.g. open roofs with harmonica-type folding rigid panels
    • B60J7/057Driving or actuating arrangements e.g. manually operated levers or knobs
    • B60J7/0573Driving or actuating arrangements e.g. manually operated levers or knobs power driven arrangements, e.g. electrical

Abstract

本发明提供了一种车辆接近开关及方法,其具有用于在车辆上控制可移动面板的锁定控制。该开关包括安装在车辆中并提供感应激活场的接近传感器,例如电容式传感器。接近开关还包括用于处理感应激活场以在一个或多个锁定传感器激活时感应该开关和控制功能的用户激活的控制电路。

Description

用于控制可移动面板的具有锁定控制的接近开关
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及传感器和开关,并且更具体地涉及用于控制可移动面板的移动的接近开关以阻止无意激活。
背景技术
机动车辆通常配备有多种用户驱动的开关,例如用于操作设备(包括电力驱动的窗户、天窗(moonroof/sunroof)以及多种其它设备的)的开关。通常,这些类型的开关需要由用户驱动以激活或停用设备或者执行某些类型的控制功能。接近开关(proximityswitch)(例如电容式开关)采用一个或多个接近传感器以产生感应激活场(senseactivation field)并且感应指示开关的用户驱动的激活场的变化,该变化通常由于用户的手指紧密靠近或者接触传感器而引起。接近开关通常配置用于基于感应激活场与阈值的比较而探测开关的用户驱动。无意接触或接近开关可导致无意的操作,例如关闭天窗。期望提供减少或阻止无意激活的增强的接近开关。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了用于可移动面板的接近传感器。该接近传感器感应在感应激活场中的物体并且接近传感器附近的一个或多个锁定传感器用于感应物体。该开关进一步包括基于感应到的激活场中的物体和该一个或多个锁定传感器而控制可移动面板的移动的控制电路。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了用于控制车辆可移动面板的车辆电容式开关。该电容式开关具有安装在车辆中用于感应激活场中的物体的电容式传感器以及该电容式传感器附近的用于感应物体的一个或多个锁定传感器。该开关进一步包括控制电路,其基于在该激活场中感应的物体和该一个或多个锁定传感器而控制可移动面板的移动以及当该一个或多个锁定传感器感应到物体时阻止该可移动面板的移动。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种控制可移动面板的方法。该方法包括通过接近传感器提供感应激活场以及处理该感应激活场以感应该接近传感器的用户激活的步骤。该方法还包括探测该接近传感器附近的一个或多个锁定传感器的激活的步骤。该方法进一步包括当探测到该一个或多个锁定传感器激活时阻止该可移动面板的至少一些移动的步骤。
本领域内的技术人员通过学习下文中的说明书、权利要求以及附图将会理解并明白本发明的这些以及其它方面、目的和特征。
附图说明
图1是根据一个实施例的机动车辆的立体图,其具有活动天窗和采用接近开关的顶置控制台;
图2是进一步说明图1中显示的接近开关和锁定开关的顶置控制台的放大图;
图3是从关闭开关处截取的横截面图,其进一步说明接近传感器和锁定传感器相对于物体的关系;
图4是根据一个实施例说明具有锁定控制的接近开关的框图;
图5是根据一个实施例说明基于接近开关的用户输入而控制天窗设备的程序的流程图;以及
图6是根据另一个实施例说明基于接近开关的用户激活而控制天窗设备的程序的流程图。
具体实施方式
根据需要,在此揭示了本发明的具体实施例;然而,应该理解揭示的实施例仅仅是可以多种以及可替代形式实施的本发明的示例。附图并不必需要对应具体设计,可放大或缩小一些图示以显示总体功能。因此,在此揭示的具体结构以及功能细节不应被诠释为限制,而仅仅作为教导本领域内技术人员以多种方式采用本发明的代表性基础。
参考图1和2,根据一个实施例,总体上说明了机动车辆10的活动天窗12和乘客厢18内部,其具有采用多个接近开关22、24和26的开关总成20。车辆10大体上包括装配至乘客厢18的顶部处的车顶或顶板的内侧的车顶内衬16的顶置控制台14,其通常位于前方乘客座椅区域上方。根据一个实施例,在顶置控制台14中提供了具有接近开关22、24和26的开关总成20。根据在此显示和揭示的实施例,多个接近开关22、24和26可控制多种车辆设备及功能中的任意一些,例如控制天窗的移动。在该实施例中,可激活标示为关闭的开关22以关闭天窗12,可激活标示为倾斜的开关24以使天窗倾斜至有角度的位置,并且可激活标示为打开的开关26以打开天窗12。在一个实施例中,一旦探测到关闭开关22的正确的单次短暂激活,依照一键式关闭程序通过马达完全关闭天窗。根据另一个实施例,仅当正确激活关闭开关22时依照比例式控制程序通过运转马达而关闭天窗。
应理解,可执行这些和其它接近开关以控制多个涉及可移动面板的其它车辆设备及功能中的任意一些,例如活动的侧门窗和后窗。此外,可预想执行这些开关以控制包括照明设备(例如内部地图/阅读灯以及座舱顶灯)的其它设备。应进一步理解,接近开关22、24和26以及锁定传感器可设置在车辆10的其它位置,例如在仪表板中、在其它控制台(例如中控台)上、集成进用于广播或信息娱乐系统(例如导航或音频显示器)的触摸显示屏、或位于车辆10上的其它位置。
根据一个实施例,接近开关22、24和26在本说明书中显示为并描述为电容式开关。每个接近开关22、24和26包括至少一个提供感应激活场的接近传感器以感应用户相对于一个或多个接近传感器的接触或非常接近,例如用户手指的滑动(swipe)动作。于是,在示例实施例中每个开关22、24和26的感应激活场是电容场并且用户的手指具有导致感应激活场的改变或扰动的导电性和介电性能,这对于本领域内的技术人员应该是明显的。本领域内的技术人员还应理解可使用额外的或可替代的类型的接近传感器,例如但不限于电感式传感器、光学传感器、温度传感器、电阻式传感器等或它们的组合。在2009年4月9日的Touch Sensors Design Guide(10620D-AT42-04/09)中描述了示例接近传感器,本说明书通过参考的方式引入其全文作为参考。
图1和2中显示的接近开关22、24和26中的每个提供对车辆组件或设备(例如可移动面板)的控制,以提供指定的控制功能。一个或多个接近开关可专用于基于控制算法而控制天窗16的移动使得天窗如本说明书中描述的朝打开或关闭的方向移动、倾斜天窗或停止天窗的移动。其它接近开关可专门用于控制其它可移动面板,例如驱动车门电动窗户向上和向下移动。通过本说明书中描述的接近开关可控制多个其它车辆控制。
额外地,在一个或多个接近开关(例如接近开关22)的相对的横向侧面(oppositelateral side)提供第一和第二锁定传感器30和32。锁定传感器30和32与接近开关22间隔开,但是非常接近或足够接近于接近开关22以探测通过物体的无意激活。锁定传感器30和32探测与物体的接触或非常接近并且用于基于通过锁定传感器30和32探测到物体而阻止控制设备或功能的激活或至少某些功能。锁定传感器30和32操作用于探测关闭开关22相对两侧的物体用于当乘客无意接触或无意接近开关22时阻止天窗12关闭的目的。当用户的膝盖、肘或其它大物体而不是用户的手指非常接近于开关22时可导致无意激活。根据一个实施例,当锁定传感器30和32都探测到物体时,阻止关闭开关22的激活使马达不依照手动激活关闭天窗12或不依照一键关闭程序关闭天窗12。在一键关闭程序100中,开关22的单个操作使得马达关闭天窗(即使用户的手指离开该开关)。根据另一个实施例,可使用一个或多个邻近于开关的锁定传感器以感应物体并且从而阻止天窗12的激活。
在电容式传感器的实施例中,接近开关22、24和26以及锁定传感器30和32中的每个包括可在电路板上成形为电容器和电子电路的一部分的电容板或电极板。电路板可装配进顶置控制台中。顶置控制台14可夹在车顶和车顶内衬16之间使得车顶控制台14从车顶内衬16延伸。电信号可施加至电容式开关22、24和26以及锁定传感器30和32中的每个。根据一个实施例,电子电路提供电信号至电容式开关22、24和26中的每个,其每个均具有充电脉冲时间(charge burst length)以给电容传感器充电。充电脉冲时间确定感应激活场的基础振幅和对应的接近开关22、24和26的敏感度。锁定传感器30和32同样可以是电容式传感器,其操作类似于开关22、24和26。
参考图3,提供了接近开关22相对第一和第二锁定开关30和32以及小物体52(例如手指)和大物体50(例如膝盖)关系的示例。接近开关22产生激活场42,其可包括重叠的场的阵列(例如显示的三个重叠场)。锁定传感器30和32中的每个分别产生驱动场46和44。在该实施例中,开关22设置在相对于锁定传感器30和32在高度方向上凹陷的位置处。接近开关22陷入接触表面之下,使得开关22相对于锁定传感器30和32的深度为D。根据一个实施例,深度D的范围可以是3-10mm,并且优选为4-7mm,并且深度D可随预期物体的尺寸以及锁定传感器之间的距离而改变,其范围可以是15-25mm。通过相对于锁定传感器30和32而凹陷地设置接近开关22,可阻止与开关22的无意接触。此外,应理解,距离D较小而不需要过深的深度使得接触表面更舒服。
通过将电容式开关22设置在槽中,足够大尺寸的某些物体例如膝或手臂50将总是会触发锁定传感器30和32。反之较小的物体例如用户的手指52可滑动接触或很接近开关22而不激活锁定传感器30和32两者。根据一个实施例,锁定传感器30和32的激活场的敏感度等于或高于接触开关22的敏感度。根据更加激进的设计方法,锁定传感器30和32的场强度和/或敏感度可相对于开关22增加,使得物体仍然可以在开关22的激活场42之前触发锁定传感器30和32。通过将锁定传感器30和32以及开关22的激活场保持紧密,用户的手指能够通过触摸开关22而不触发锁定传感器30和32来驱动一键关闭开关22同时仍然允许用于无意驱动的探测。锁定传感器30和32中的每个分别产生对应的激活场46和44。所以,无论何时物体触到开关22或位于激活场42内开关22可探测到物体。类似地,锁定传感器30和32基于与其接触或当物体分别在对应的激活场46和44内时可探测到物体。
应理解,通过用户的手指的滑动动作可驱动接近开关22,该用户手指可接触开关22附近的传感器壳体的外表面或者可以是充分地接近于开关22使得手指穿过感应激活场42。接近开关22的激活可使设备(例如天窗)执行指定的功能以关闭天窗。关闭通常通过电动马达的驱动而完成。虽然可使用单个传感器或激活场,应理解可使用多个传感器或传感器阵列以提供多个重叠的激活场。还应理解,激活场42可以是矩形形状或拱形形状的场。如果用户的手穿过分别由锁定传感器30和32提供的感应激活场46和44中的至少一个或两个以及传感器22的激活场42,阻止控制设备的激活或控制至少一些功能。在一个实施例中,通过阻止马达的驱动而阻止关闭天窗。在另一个实施例中,阻止依照一键关闭程序关闭天窗,其使得假如用户的手指仍然继续接触或很接近开关22,用户能够手动驱动开关以关闭天窗。
参考图4,根据一个实施例说明了接近开关总成20。关闭开关22、倾斜开关24和打开开关26显示为提供输入至控制器60。额外地,第一锁定开关30和第二锁定开关32还提供输入至控制器42。控制器60可包括控制电路,例如微处理器62和存储器64。应理解,可使用其它的模拟和/或数字控制电路以提供天窗设备12的控制及其锁定控制。控制器60处理存储在存储器64中的一个或多个程序100,微处理器62可基于接近开关22、24、26以及锁定传感器30和32的一个或多个输入执行该一个或多个程序100。应理解,控制器60可提供输出至马达11以基于一个或多个锁定传感器30和32的探测而控制控制设备12(例如天窗)的激活以便于当在关闭开关22探测到物体的同时锁定传感器中的一个或全部都探测到物体时限制至少一些功能。
控制器60基于接近开关22、24和26的用户激活并进一步基于第一和第二锁定传感器30和32的感应的输出提供控制输出至一个或多个设备,例如天窗设备12的马达11。根据一个实施例,基于当第一和第二锁定传感器都没有感应到物体时关闭开关22的激活可控制天窗12以驱动至关闭的位置。根据另一个实施例,当开关22是激活的并且第一和第二锁定传感器30和32中的一个或全部都没有感应到物体的任何时候可关闭天窗12。
参考图5,根据一个实施例,说明了用于基于接近开关的用户激活和锁定传感器的感应输出而对控制设备的运转进行控制的控制程序100。程序100从步骤102开始并且前进至决策步骤104以确定是否锁定传感器都是激活的,如果是,返回至步骤104。如果确定并非锁定传感器都激活,程序100前进至决策步骤106以确定天窗关闭开关是否是激活的。如果天窗关闭开关是激活的,程序100前进至步骤108以在天窗打开线路上提供预定的脉冲,例如51毫秒的脉冲。然后,程序100前进至决策框110以确定用户的手指是否在6秒内离开该开关的场,并且程序返回同时天窗继续关闭。如果用户的手指在6秒内没有离开该开关的场,程序100前进至步骤112以设置用于保持天窗打开开关的标志,并且在步骤114处结束。
参考图6,根据另一个实施例,说明了用于基于接近开关和锁定传感器的激活而对控制设备(例如天窗)的运转进行控制的控制程序200。在该实施例中,程序200在步骤202处开始并且前进至步骤204以确定天窗关闭开关是否是激活的,如果否,则返回。如果天窗关闭开关是激活的,程序200前进至决策步骤206以确定两个锁定传感器是否都是激活的,如果不是,返回至步骤204。如果两个锁定传感器都是激活的,程序200前进至步骤208以在天窗打开线路上提供51毫秒的脉冲。然后,程序200前进至决策步骤210以确定用户的手指是否已经离开开关的场,如果是,则在返回至步骤204前在步骤212处在天窗打开线路上提供51毫秒的脉冲。在决策步骤210处如果用户的手指没有离开开关的场,程序200前进至决策步骤214以确定用户的手指是否已经在场中达到120秒,并且如果是,在步骤218处结束前在步骤216处设置用于保持天窗打开位置的标志。
接近开关总成20有利地阻止了当控制可移动面板时(例如天窗或车窗)接近开关22的无意激活,并且感应何时大物体与接近传感器22以及锁定传感器30和32接触。此外,接近开关总成20进一步允许用于通过称为膝盖球测试(knee ball test)的标准测试,其设计用于解决可移动面板控制开关的无意驱动。相应地,当指定的物体(例如40mm的球)放置为与接近开关总成20接触时,接近开关总成20基于通过锁定传感器30和32对物体的探测而阻止控制板的至少某些移动。
所以,接近开关总成20和方法通过采用一个或多个锁定传感器有利地提供了接近开关(例如电容式开关)激活的控制以阻止开关的无意激活。通过使用锁定传感器,开关(例如用于天窗的)的无意激活可阻止或减少当天窗(例如通过一键关闭程序)被无意激活进关闭位置时无意的天窗关闭碰到物体。虽然覆盖面板在本说明中描述为天窗,但是应理解其它覆盖件(例如车辆的侧窗和后窗)可类似地使用该接近开关总成和锁定传感器。此外,应理解其它控制设备可使用本说明书描述的锁定传感器。
应理解,可在上文提到的结构中作出改变和变型而不脱离本发明中的概念,并且应进一步理解旨在通过权利要求覆盖这些概念除非这些权利要求通过它们的语言作出明确相反的陈述。

Claims (19)

1.一种用于控制可移动面板的接近开关,包括:
感应在感应激活场中的第一物体的接近传感器;
接近传感器附近的用于感应第二物体的一个或多个锁定传感器;以及
控制电路,其基于在所述激活场中所述感应的所述第一物体控制可移动面板移动以及当所述一个或多个锁定传感器感测到所述第二物体时阻止所述可移动面板的至少一些移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,当所述一个或多个锁定传感器感应到所述第二物体时所述控制电路阻止所述可移动面板的一键关闭。
3.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,当所述一个或多个锁定传感器感应到所述第二物体时所述控制电路阻止所述可移动面板的关闭,其中所述第二物体大于所述第一物体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近开关安装在车辆内用于由乘客在所述车辆内使用以控制可移动窗户面板。
5.根据权利要求4所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述可移动窗户面板包括天窗。
6.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近传感器包括电容式传感器。
7.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述一个或多个锁定传感器包括在所述接近传感器相对侧的第一和第二锁定传感器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述控制电路控制所述可移动面板以在所述第一和第二锁定传感器都激活时阻止功能。
9.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述一个或多个锁定传感器中的每个包括电容式传感器。
10.根据权利要求1所述的接近开关,进一步包括提供输出信号至马达的输出以控制所述可移动面板。
11.一种用于在车辆上控制可移动面板的车辆电容式开关,包括:
安装在车辆中用于感应在感应激活场中的第一物体的电容式传感器;
所述电容式传感器附近的用于感应第二物体的一个或多个锁定传感器;以及
控制电路,其基于在所述激活场中的所述感应的第一物体以及所述一个或多个锁定传感器而控制可移动面板移动,并且当所述一个或多个锁定传感器感应到所述第二物体时阻止所述可移动面板的移动。
12.一种用于控制可移动面板的方法,所述方法包括:
通过接近传感器提供感应激活场;
在所述接近传感器的用户激活过程中处理所述感应激活场以感应第一物体;
探测所述接近传感器附近的由第二物体导致的一个或多个锁定传感器的激活;以及
当探测到所述一个或多个锁定传感器的激活时阻止所述可移动面板的至少一些移动。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征在于,所述接近传感器安装在车辆内用于由乘客在车辆中使用。
14.根据权利要求13的方法,其特征在于,所述可移动面板包括天窗。
15.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征在于,当探测所述一个或多个锁定传感器的驱动时阻止所述可移动面板的一键关闭。
16.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征在于,当探测到所述一个或多个锁定传感器的激活时阻止所述可移动面板的关闭,其中所述第二物体大于所述第一物体。
17.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征在于,所述接近传感器包括电容式传感器。
18.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征在于,所述一个或多个锁定传感器包括在所述接近传感器相对侧上的第一和第二锁定传感器。
19.根据权利要求18的方法,其特征在于,当所述第一和第二锁定传感器都激活时阻止所述可移动面板的移动。
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