CN103250354A - Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocols for power line communications (PLC) - Google Patents
Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocols for power line communications (PLC) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Systems and methods for carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocols for power line communications (PLC) are described. A method may include performing a virtual carrier sensing operation and, in response to the virtual carrier sensing operation indicating that a communication channel is idle, calculating a contention window (602). The method may also include performing a physical carrier sensing operation subsequent to the virtual carrier sensing operation, the physical carrier sensing operation based, at least in part, upon the contention window (604). In response to the physical carrier sensing operation indicating that the communication channel is idle, the method may then include transmitting data over the channel (606). Another method may include determining that a transmission is a unicast transmission and that an acknowledgement message has not been received (607, 608). The method may further include incrementing a backoff parameter (609) and repeating one or more carrier sense operations (602, 604).
Description
Technical field
Embodiment relates generally to power line communication (PLC), more specifically, relates to Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) agreement for PLC.
Background technology
Power line communication (PLC) is included in the system that also is used for electric power transfer is transmitted to the same media (that is, lead or conductor) on dwelling house, building and other house data.In case dispose, the PLC system can be widely used, for example, comprise that for example automatic meter reading and load control (that is practical type application), automobile (for example use, the charging electric vehicle), home automation (for example, control apparatus, illumination etc.), and/or computer network (that is, the Internet inserts).
Recently various PLC standardization efforts are just being carried out in the whole world, and each has the specific characteristic of himself.Generally speaking, the feature that can depend on local regulation, local electric power networks is differently carried out the PLC system.G.9960 and G.9961 the example of competitive PLC standard for example comprises IEEE1901, HomePlug AV, power line intelligent metering development (PRIME) and ITU-T G.hn().
Summary of the invention
The system and method that is used for implementing in power line communication (PLC) Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) agreement has been described.In illustrative embodiment, method can comprise that carrying out the virtual carrier frame listens operation, and is idle in response to virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation indication communication channel, calculates competition window.This method can also be included in after the virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, carries out physical carrier and intercepts operation, and physical carrier is intercepted and is operated to small part based on competition window.Then, it is idle intercepting operation indication communication channel in response to physical carrier, and this method can be included in the channel data.
In some cases, for example, calculate competition window and can comprise the length that competition window is set, and the time enforcement physical carrier that can select at random in competition window is intercepted operation.Also have, this method can comprise the operation of repetition virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication, is idle up to its indication communication channel.
In addition or alternately, this method can comprise that it is not idle intercepting operation indication communication channel in response to physical carrier, the operation of repetition virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication, it is idle indicating communication channel up to it, and the length that increases competition window, thereby produces the competition window of revising.For example, the length that increases competition window can comprise the length that increases competition window with the amount corresponding to the number of the previous trial of transmission data.This method can also be included in after the virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation of repetition, carries out second physical carrier and intercepts operation, and second physical carrier is intercepted and is operated to small part based on the competition window of revising.For example, the time that can select at random in the competition window of revising implements second physical carrier and intercepts operation.This method may further include, and it is idle intercepting operation indication communication channel in response to second physical carrier, at the communication channel transmitting data.
In another illustrative embodiment, method can comprise: be empty in response to virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation indication access channel (a), and at least part of based on the initial time window, carry out physical carrier and intercept operation; (b) it is empty intercepting operation indication access channel in response to physical carrier, begins transfer of data at access channel; (c) be unicast transmission in response to transfer of data, and acknowledge message do not receive by the PLC device, make backoff counter increment/increase progressively and increase initial time window; And (d) have than the little value of the minimal amount of keeping out of the way operation that allows in response to backoff counter, use the time window that increases to repeat at least (a) and (b).
In some implementations, increase the length that the initial time window can comprise increases the initial time window.Also have, the time that can in the initial time window, select at random, carry out physical carrier and intercept operation, and the time that can in the time window that increases, select at random, carry out the physical carrier that repeats and intercept operation.
In addition, this method can comprise the output that monitors the virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, is empty up to its indication access channel.In addition or alternately, this method can comprise, intercepting operation indication access channel in response to physical carrier has much to do, backoff counter is increased progressively, keep the initial time window, and after the operation of second virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication, carry out second physical carrier and intercept operation, second physical carrier is intercepted and is operated to small part based on the initial time window.For example, the time that can in the initial time window, select at random, implement second physical carrier and intercept operation.This method can also comprise that it is empty intercepting operation indication access channel in response to second physical carrier, at the access channel transmitting data.
In another illustrative embodiment, this method can comprise that in response to determining that by the carrier sense operation channel is available, the time of selecting is transmitted data in competition window.This method can also comprise that the specified data transmission is unicast transmission, determines that acknowledge message is not received, and increases competition window.This method may further include the time of selecting and transmits data again in the competition window that increases.
This method can also comprise, determines again that in response to the carrier sense operation that repeats channel is available, transmits data again.In various enforcements, the carrier sense operation can be that virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, physical carrier are intercepted operation, or the combination of physics and virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation.
In certain embodiments, one or more can the execution by one or more PLC devices (for example, PLC modulator-demodulator etc.) in the method described herein.In other embodiments, tangible electronic storage medium can have storage program command thereon, by the execution of the processor in the one or more PLC devices, causes one or more PLC devices execution one or more operation disclosed herein.The example of this type of processor includes, but are not limited to digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), System on Chip/SoC (SoC) circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA), microprocessor or microcontroller.In other embodiments, the PLC device can comprise at least one processor and the memory that is connected at least one processor, thereby memory is configured and stores the executable program command of at least one processor, thereby causes PLC device execution one or more operation disclosed herein.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure according to the PLC system of some embodiment.
Fig. 2 is according to the PLC device of some embodiment or the block diagram of modulator-demodulator.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the PLC gateway of some embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram according to the plc data concentrator of some embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of existing CSMA technology.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart according to the CSMA technology of some embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram according to the integrated circuit of some embodiment.
Embodiment
About Fig. 1, according to some embodiment power line communication (PLC) system has been described.Medium voltate (MV) power line 103 that comes from transformer station 101 carries the interior voltage of tens kilovolt range usually.Transformer 104 is reduced to low-voltage (LV) electric power on the LV circuit 105 with MV electric power, and its voltage that carries is in 100-240V AC scope.Transformer 104 is typically designed under scope is the low-down frequency of 50-60 and operates.Transformer 104 does not allow high-frequency usually, and for example the signal greater than 100KHz passes between LV circuit 105 and MV circuit 103.Though LV circuit 105 is called " dwelling house " through being installed in dwelling house 102a-n(usually, house 102a-n can comprise building, equipment or the place that receives and/or consume any kind of electric power) outside gauge table 106a-n supply electric power gives the client.Circuit breaker panel, for example panel 107, and the interface between the electric wire 108 in gauge table 106n and the dwelling house 102n is provided.Electric wire 108 is sent to other electric devices in output/socket 110, switch 111 and the dwelling house 102n with electric power.
Circuit line topological structure illustrated in fig. 1 can be used for high-speed communication is sent among the dwelling house 102a-n.In some implementations, power line communication modem or gateway 112a-n can be connected on the LV power line 105 at gauge table 106a-n place.PLC modem/gateway 112a-n can be used in 103/105 transmission of MV/LV circuit and receive data-signal.This type of data-signal can be used for for example supporting that metering and electric power transmit application (for example, intelligent grid is used), communication system, high speed internet, phone, video conference and video and transmits.By upload transmission of electricity communication and/or data-signal at electric power transmission network, do not need to install anew cable in each user 102a-n.Therefore, carry data-signal by using existing electric power distribution system, significant cost savings are possible.
Be used for to use the frequency that has to be different from the carrier signal of frequency power signal in the illustrative method of power line transmitting data.Can pass through data, for example use Orthodoxy Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) design etc. modulated carrier signal.
Thereby the PLC modulator-demodulator among the dwelling house 102a-n or gateway 112a-n use the MV/LV electric power networks to carry to and from the data-signal of plc data concentrator or router one 14, do not need the distribution that adds.Concentrator 114 can be connected to MV circuit 103 or LV circuit 105.Modulator-demodulator or gateway 112a-n can support to use, and for example high-speed broadband networks connects, arrowband control is used, low bandwidth data is collected and used etc.In home environment, for example, modulator-demodulator or gateway 112a-n can further make family and building automation in heating and air-conditioning, illumination and fail safe.Also have, PLC modulator-demodulator or gateway 112a-n can make electric vehicle and other electrical equipment AC or DC charging.The example of AC or DC charger is illustrated as PLC device 113.In the outside, house, power line communication network can provide street lighting control and remote power meter data to collect.
One or more concentrator 114 can be connected to 130(utility company of control centre through network 120).Network 120 can comprise, for example IP-based network, the Internet, cellular network, WiFi network, WiMax network etc.Similarly, control centre 130 can be configured, thereby collects the relevant information of power consumption and other type from one or more gateways 112 and/or one or more device 113 by one or more concentrators 114.In addition or alternately, thus control centre 130 can be configured by through one or more concentrators 114 this rule-like being sent to each gateway 112 and/or installing 113, carries out intelligent grid strategy and other management or market rules.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the PLC device 113 of some embodiment.As shown in the figure, use change-over circuit etc. to close ways of connecting between lead 108a and the 108b to allow PLC device 113, AC interface 201 can be connected to electric wire 108a and the 108b of 112n inside, house.Yet in other embodiments, AC interface 201 can be connected on the single lead 108 and (that is, lead 108 is not divided into lead 108a and 108b), and this type of transfer capability is not provided.In operation, AC interface 201 can allow PLC engine 202 to receive and transmission PLC signal at lead 108a-b.Under the certain situation, PLC device 113 can be the PLC modulator-demodulator.In addition or alternately, PLC device 113 can be part, the electrical equipment of intelligent grid device (for example, AC or DC charger, gauge table etc.) or the control module that is positioned at other inner or outside electric component of house 112n (for example, street lighting etc.).
PLC engine 202 can be configured, thereby uses specific frequency band, through AC interface 201, at lead 108a and/or 108b transmission and/or reception PLC signal.In certain embodiments, thereby PLC engine 202 can be configured the transmission OFDM signal, but can use the modulation scheme of other type.Similarly, thereby can comprising or be configured in addition with metering or supervisory circuit (not showing), PLC engine 202 communicates by letter, metering or supervisory circuit are configured successively, thereby measure the power consumption feature of specific device or electrical equipment through lead 108,108a and/or 108b.PLC engine 202 can receive this type of power consumption information, it is encoded to one or more PLC signal, and in the PLC device that on lead 108,108a and/or the 108b it is transferred to higher level (for example, PLC gateway 112n, data concentrator 114 etc.), be used for further handling.On the contrary, PLC engine 202 can receive instruction and/or the out of Memory of encoding with the PLC signal from this type of higher level PLC device, for example, thereby allows PLC engine 202 to select the concrete frequency band of its operations.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the PLC gateway 112 of some embodiment.As ground as shown in this example, gateway engine 301 is connected to gauge table interface 302, local communication interface 304 and frequency band and uses database 304.Gauge table interface 302 is connected to gauge table 106, and local communication interface 304 is connected in the various PLC devices one or more, and for example the PLC device 113.Local communication interface 304 can provide various communication protocols, for example, ZIGBEE, BLUETOOTH, WI-FI, WI-MAX, ETHERNET etc., it can make gateway 112 communicate by letter with electrical equipment with different device widely.In operation, thereby gateway engine 301 can be configured from PLC device 113 and/or other device, and gauge table 106 collection communications, and as the interface between these various devices and the plc data concentrator 114.Gateway engine 301 can also be configured, thereby thereby bandwidth assignment is given concrete device and/or information is offered this type of device, so that this type of device can the oneself be assigned its oneself frequency of operation.
In certain embodiments, it is inner or near house 102n that PLC gateway 112 can be arranged in house 102n, and as going to and/or from the gateway of all plc communications of house 102n.Yet in other embodiments, PLC gateway 112 can not exist, and PLC device 113(and gauge table 106n and/or other utensil) can directly communicate by letter with plc data concentrator 114.When PLC gateway 112 existed, it can comprise database 304, and database 304 has for example interior various PLC devices 113 recent frequency band records that use of house 102n.The example of this type of record can comprise, for example installs the frequency band of identity information (for example, sequence number, device ID etc.), application profile, device classification and/or current distribution.Similarly, gateway engine 301 can be used database 304 when assigning, distributing or managing the frequency band that is assigned to its various PLC devices in addition.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram according to the plc data concentrator of some embodiment.Gateway interface 401 is connected to data concentrator engine 402, thereby and can be configured with one or more PLC gateway 112a-n and communicate by letter.Network interface 403 also is connected to data concentrator engine 402, thereby and can be configured with network 120 and communicate by letter.In operation, data concentrator engine 402 can make, and before data are sent to control centre 130, collects information and data from a plurality of gateway 112a-n.Under the non-existent situation of PLC gateway 112a-n, gateway interface 401 can substitute with gauge table and/or device interface (not showing), thereby device interface is configured and gauge table 116a-n, PLC device 113 and/or other electrical equipment direct communication.Further, if PLC gateway 112a-n does not exist, thereby then frequency is used database 404 to be configured to store the record that is similar to about the above-mentioned record of database 304.
Generally speaking, before power line or lead 103,104 and/or 108 transmission signals, the PLC device can attempt detecting given communication or whether access channel (for example, frequency band) is in use now.For example, can have Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA/CA) mechanism that the conflict of random back time is avoided by use, realize channel access.Random back mechanism can distribute the time that the PLC device is attempted transmission, has therefore reduced the possibility of conflict.In other words, when device is wished the transmission Frame, during it can wait at random.If it is idle or empty finding channel, then after the random back, device can transmit its data.Have much to do if find channel, then after the random back, before the access channel of trying again, during device can wait for that another section at random.
In various embodiments, can use different CSMA technology.For example, detect targeting signal (preamble) after, can provide physical carrier to intercept (PCS) by physical layer.On the contrary, can provide virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication (VCS) mechanism by medium access control (MAC) by following the trail of the expected duration of channel occupancy.For example, can pass through the length (perhaps after the conflict) of the packets of information of reception, virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication is set.In these cases, VCS follows the trail of or estimates " have much to do " expected duration (that is, when given PLC device at power line or lead 103,105 and/or 108 transmitting datas time) of state of medium.
Fig. 5 shows can be applied to for example flow chart of the prior art CSMA method of the non-beacon PAN (Personal Area Network) (PAN) of IEEE820.15.4 standard to describe.Use this method, random back mechanism is scattered website and is attempted the time of transmission (therefore having reduced the possibility of conflict).Before data or the transmission of MAC command frame, use this CSMA algorithm usually, and use the chronomere that is called " back-off period " it to be implemented one of them the back-off period unit of equaling back-off period symbol (unitBackoffPeriod symbol).
As illustrated in the square frame 501, each device can be kept for two variable: NB of each transmission attempt and BE.Particularly, NB is that requirement CSMA algorithm is kept out of the way the number of times of attempting current transmission simultaneously, and it can be initialized as " 0 " before each new transmission attempt.On the other hand, BE is index avoidance, and it related to before attempting access channel, the back-off period that device should be waited for, and it can be initialized as the value of minBE.This method can initialization NB and BE, advances to square frame 502 then.In square frame 502, this method can produce complete back-off period for random number (for example, 0 to 2
BEIn-1 the scope) delay, require in square frame 503, to carry out the PCS operation then.Can pass through back off time=at random (2 then
BE-1) * time slot provides back off time; Wherein time slot equals the duration (for example, the number of symbol) of competition window time slot.
In square frame 504, if the assessment channel is had much to do, then this method can increase by one with NB and BE in square frame 506, guarantees that simultaneously BE can not surpass maxBE(for the high priority message bag, and maxBE can equal minBE).In square frame 507, maximum CSMA keeps out of the way if the value of NB is less than or equal to maxCSMABackoffs(), then this method is returned square frame 502.If the value of NB is greater than maxCSMABackoffs, this method can stop, and for example, wherein channel access is status of fail or indication).Return square frame 504, if the assessment channel is idle, then this method can begin transmission frame immediately in square frame 505.
About the method for describing among Fig. 5, yet, have realized that as inventor herein PCS intercepts too early.Be independent of the VSC intercepted result, calculate each PCS time interval.If a node is sending big packets of information, then because unwanted PCS tests, the node of competition can easily be failed.In addition or alternately, competition window increases prematurely.Whenever PCS be have much to do the time, BE is increased.Therefore, if node was failed among the PCS in the first time, then owing to the window of its increase, then its chance of failing in the PCS of back than other node is bigger, and this has produced unfair problem.
In order to address these and other problems, the embodiment of Tao Luning is provided for using the technology of one or more VCS operation herein, thereby saves one or more unwanted PCS operations.Also have, in some implementations, when ACK message or packets lost, can increase competition window, therefore distinguish the detection of collision event and busy medium.In various embodiments, the technology of Tao Luning can be applied in the PLC mesh network with random medium visit herein, but also can use the network of other type.In addition, these embodiment can use various PLC standards, for example, as an example, G3-PLC standard etc.
Forward to now among Fig. 6, described the flow chart of CSMA method according to some embodiment.In various embodiments, for example, can be by PLC device 103, PLC gateway 112 and/or plc data concentrator 114, the method for execution graph 6.In square frame 601, this method can comprise one or more backoff parameter (for example, NB counter and/or BE) are set to its initial value.In square frame 602, this method can be carried out the VCS operation, for example, determines that up to the VCS operation communication channel is idle or empty.Then, in square frame 602 and 603, this method can produce delay, and the square frame 501 and 502 of requirement and Fig. 5 is carried out the PCS operation similarly.Yet, in this case, compare with the method for Fig. 5, when the VCS(virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication) and when not having much to do, attempt PCS.That is to say, before PCS, consider VCS.When VCS became the free time from busy condition, all nodes (that is, the PLC device) can be adjusted simultaneously, were used for the channel fair competition.Similarly, can use VCS and PCS, VCS saves unwanted PCS, and CSMA can be owing to for example big packets of information transmission is failed like this.
In square frame 605, this method can determine whether channel is idle or empty based on the PCS operation.If idle, then this method can send data at channel in square frame 606.In square frame 607, this method can specified data transmission be broadcasting or unicast transmission (latter comprises the transmission in response to success, confirmation of receipt message, yet the former is not like this).If transfer of data is unicast transmission, then this method can determine to confirm whether be received in square frame 608.If transfer of data is the broadcasting transmission, if perhaps for unicast transmission, confirm to be received, then this method can be with successfully indication end.Otherwise, in square frame 609, can increase NB and BE.
Return square frame 605 again, if channel is had much to do, then only can increase NB(but the size of competition window whether).Then, in square frame 611, if reached the maximum number of keeping out of the way, then this method can finish with the failure indication.Otherwise this method can be returned square frame 602.Similarly, be not received (under the situation of unicast transmission) if confirm (ACK) message or packets of information, then can increase BE.When PCS returns the free time, can send out Frame.Otherwise this method can wait for that VCS finishes, and BE keeps identical value.When not receiving ACK message when sending out data, increase BE.After the busy indication that comes from the PCS operation, yet node or device can not increase its competition window, and all nodes can have fair CSMA competition like this.That is to say, only after ACK loses, therefore advise possible packet conflict and crowded medium, install the use of competitive channel thereby node can increase competition window with other.
Should be appreciated that, when ACK loses, have two most probable reasons potentially.At first, channel condition is bad, and in this case, the sender can attempt transmitting again and not increase contention window size.The second, there is the packet conflict (because channel is just busy) that takes place, in this case, the sender of competition can increase its time or contention window size before attempting transmission again.In some implementations, sender and recipient can use extra order among the NACK (extra bit) (if NACK can be sent out), and perhaps some additional information exchanges are interact with each other about the ACK that (last) loses.Thereby the recipient can use information to help one or more senders to distinguish bad channel condition and packet conflict, and when ACK lost, the sender can differently respond like this.In addition or alternately, have low link-quality indication (LQI) if the recipient finds the packets of information that receives, then the recipient can also use the extra order in the ACK packets of information, the bad channel of warning sender.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram according to the integrated circuit of some embodiment.Under the certain situation, can implement one or more in Fig. 2-4 device shown and/or the equipment as shown in Figure 7.In certain embodiments, integrated circuit 702 can be digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), System on Chip/SoC (SoC) circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA), microprocessor, microcontroller etc.Integrated circuit 702 is connected to one or more ancillary equipment 704 and external memory storage 703.Under the certain situation, external memory storage 703 can be used for storing and/or keep data presented storehouse 304 and/or 404 among Fig. 3 and 4.Further, integrated circuit 702 can comprise be used to the driver that passes the signal to external memory storage 703, and another driver that is used for passing the signal to ancillary equipment 704.Power supply 701 also is provided, and it is fed to integrated circuit 702 with supply power voltage, and one or more supply power voltages are fed to memory 703 and/or ancillary equipment 704.In certain embodiments, can comprise the example (can also comprise and surpass an external memory storage 703) that surpasses an integrated circuit 702.
Should be understood that about the various operations of Fig. 6 explanation and can carry out simultaneously and/or in order.Should understand further that each operation can be carried out with any order, and can carry out once or repeatedly and carry out.In various embodiments, the module that Fig. 2-4 shows can be represented software program, logic function and/or data structure in groups, carries out concrete operations thereby it is configured.Though these modules are shown as different logical blocks, in other embodiments, some in the operation that these modules are carried out can be incorporated in the less chunk (block).On the contrary, can implement to provide arbitrarily in the module that Fig. 2-4 shows one, make separately this operation between two or more logical blocks.In addition, though with concrete structure it is shown, in other embodiments, these various modules can rearrange with other suitable method.
Many can in hardware, software and/or firmware and/or its combination in any, enforcement in the operation described herein.When implementing in software, code segment is carried out necessary task or operation.Program or code segment can be stored in that processor is readable, in computer-readable or the machine readable media.Processor is readable, computer-readable or machine readable media can comprise can store or any device or medium of transinformation in.The example of this type of processor readable medium comprises electronic circuit, semiconductor memory system, flash memory, ROM, can wipe ROM(EROM), floppy disk, Zip disk, CD, hard disk, optical fiber medium etc.
Software code sections can be stored in any volatibility or the non-volatile memory device, for example hard disk drive, flash memory, solid-state memory, CD, CD, DVD, computer program, or other storage arrangement, it provides tangible computer-readable or machine readable memory for the treatment of device or the service of middleware container.In other embodiments, memory is the virtual of some physical memory device, and wherein physical memory device is identical or different type.Code segment can be downloaded or is sent to processor or container through inner main line from memory, or through other wired or wireless network download or be sent to another computer network, for example the Internet or in-house network.
Those skilled in that art should be appreciated that, in the scope of invention of request, can make various modifications to the illustrative embodiment of describing, and can realize many other embodiment.
Claims (20)
1. method, it comprises:
Be that the PLC device is carried out by power line communication:
The operation of enforcement virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication;
It is idle indicating communication channel in response to described virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, calculates competition window;
After described virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, to implement physical carrier and intercept operation, described physical carrier is intercepted and is operated to small part based on described competition window; And
It is idle intercepting the described communication channel of operation indication in response to described physical carrier, in described channel data.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said PLC device comprises the PLC modulator-demodulator.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is wherein calculated described competition window and is comprised the length that described competition window is set.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 wherein the time of selecting at random in described competition window, is implemented described physical carrier and is intercepted operation.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 further comprises by described PLC device execution and repeats described virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, and it is idle indicating described communication channel up to it.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, it further comprises:
Carry out by described PLC device:
It is not idle intercepting the described communication channel of operation indication in response to described physical carrier, thereby the length that increases described competition window produces the competition window of revising;
Repeat described virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, it is idle indicating described communication channel up to it;
After the virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation that repeats, to implement second physical carrier and intercept operation, described second physical carrier is intercepted and is operated to small part based on the competition window of described modification; And
It is idle intercepting the described communication channel of operation indication in response to described second physical carrier, at described communication channel transmitting data.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 wherein the time of selecting at random in the competition window of described modification, is implemented described second physical carrier and is intercepted operation.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, the length that wherein increases described competition window comprise the length that increases described competition window with the amount corresponding to the number of the previous trial of the described data of transmission.
9. a power line communication is PLC, device, and it comprises:
Processor; With
Be connected to the memory of described processor, described memory is configured and stores the executable program command of described processor, thereby causes described PLC device:
(a) be empty in response to virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation indication access channel, at least part ofly carry out physical carrier based on the initial time window and intercept operation;
(b) it is empty intercepting the described access channel of operation indication in response to described physical carrier, begins transfer of data at described access channel;
(c) be unicast transmission in response to described transfer of data, and acknowledge message do not receive by described PLC device, make the backoff counter increment, and increase described initial time window; And
(d) have than the little value of the maximum number of keeping out of the way operation that allows in response to described backoff counter, use the time window that increases to repeat at least (a) and (b).
10. PLC device as claimed in claim 9, wherein said processor comprises digital signal processor, i.e. DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), i.e. ASIC, System on Chip/SoC, i.e. SoC circuit, field programmable gate array, i.e. FPGA, microprocessor or microcontroller.
11. PLC device as claimed in claim 10 wherein increases the length that described initial time window comprises increases described initial time window.
12. PLC device as claimed in claim 11, time of in described initial time window, selecting at random wherein, carry out described physical carrier and intercept operation, and the time of wherein in the time window of described increase, selecting at random, carry out the physical carrier that repeats and intercept operation.
13. PLC device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said program command further can be carried out by described processor, thereby causes that described PLC device monitors the output of described virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, and it is empty indicating described access channel up to it.
14. PLC device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said program command further can be carried out by described processor, thereby causes described PLC device:
Intercepting the described access channel of operation indication in response to described physical carrier has much to do, make described backoff counter increment, keep described initial time window, and carry out second physical carrier and intercept operation after the operation of second virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication, described second physical carrier is intercepted and is operated to small part based on described initial time window; And
It is idle intercepting the described access channel of operation indication in response to described second physical carrier, at described access channel transmitting data.
15. PLC device as claimed in claim 14 wherein the time of selecting at random in described initial time window, is implemented described second physical carrier and is intercepted operation.
16. the tangible electronic storage medium with storage program command thereon, described program command be by power line communication, i.e. PLC when the processor in the modulator-demodulator is carried out, causes described PLC modulator-demodulator:
In response to determining that by the carrier sense operation channel is available, the time transmission data of in competition window, selecting;
Determine that described transfer of data is unicast transmission;
Determine that acknowledge message is not received;
Increase described competition window; And
The time of selecting in the competition window that increases is transmitted described data again.
17. tangible electronic storage medium as claimed in claim 16 wherein transmits described data again and comprises, determines in addition that in response to the carrier sense operation that repeats described channel is available, transmits described data again.
18. tangible electronic storage medium as claimed in claim 17, wherein said carrier sense operation is the virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation.
19. tangible electronic storage medium as claimed in claim 17, wherein said carrier sense operation is that physical carrier is intercepted operation.
20. tangible electronic storage medium as claimed in claim 17, wherein said carrier sense operation comprises at least one virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation, and this at least one at least one physical carrier of virtual carrier sensing in wireless network communication operation heel is intercepted operation.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| US61/424,159 | 2010-12-17 | ||
| US13/300,812 US8711873B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2011-11-21 | Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocols for power line communications (PLC) |
| US13/300,812 | 2011-11-21 | ||
| PCT/US2011/063786 WO2012078785A2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-12-07 | Carrier sense multiple access (csma) protocols for power line communications (plc) |
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| CN110958714A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2020-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Adjustment method and device of backoff window |
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| US20030103521A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-06-05 | Itran Communications Ltd. | Channel access method for powerline carrier based media access control protocol |
| CN100428705C (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2008-10-22 | 因特隆公司 | Protocol for controlling media visit with priority and without contention intervals |
| US7545781B2 (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2009-06-09 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Wireless packet communication method and wireless packet communication apparatus |
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| CN100428705C (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2008-10-22 | 因特隆公司 | Protocol for controlling media visit with priority and without contention intervals |
| US20030103521A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-06-05 | Itran Communications Ltd. | Channel access method for powerline carrier based media access control protocol |
| US7545781B2 (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2009-06-09 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Wireless packet communication method and wireless packet communication apparatus |
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| CN110958714A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2020-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Adjustment method and device of backoff window |
| CN110958714B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2021-03-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Adjustment method of backoff window, communication device and computer readable storage medium |
| US11191107B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2021-11-30 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Backoff window adjustment method, and apparatus |
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| CN103250354B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| JP5964317B2 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| JP2014506405A (en) | 2014-03-13 |
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