CN103405228A - Portable electrocardio and surface myoelectricity measuring device - Google Patents
Portable electrocardio and surface myoelectricity measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable electrocardio and surface myoelectricity measuring device comprising a power supply module, a signal acquisition and preprocessing module, a controller module and a man-machine interface module, wherein the power supply module is used for supplying power to the measuring device; the signal acquisition and preprocessing module comprises at least one surface myoelectricity channel and at least one electrocardio channel, which are used for acquiring myoelectricity signals and electrocardio signals respectively and outputting the signals, which are amplified and filtered, into the controller module; the controller module is used for receiving the amplified and filtered myoelectricity and electrocardio signals, sampling and performing AD (analog-digital) conversion according to a set sampling frequency and storing the signals after power frequency interference is removed; the man-machine interface module is used for providing a man-machine interaction port for users. All the modules are arranged in the same device, and thus the measuring device is small in size and easy to carry. With the technical scheme, the measuring device has the characteristics of convenience in use, high reliability and high electrode universality, and can be used for acquiring surface myoelectricity signals and electrocardio signals simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical instruments field, relate in particular to the technical device of bio electricity collection, processing, be specifically related to a kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device.
Background technology
Electrocardio be a kind of transthoracic take the time as the bioelectrical activity of unit record heart, and can, by the signal of telecommunication of skin surface with the electrode measurement record, be to measure and the best bio signal of the diagnosis abnormal heart rhythm and pace of moving things.In the human motion process, the bio-voltage of microvolt level produces in the muscle fiber cell, can with non-intrusion type, record at skin surface, this signal of telecommunication is called surface myoelectric, be the important biomolecule information carrier of assessing the neuromuscular system motor function, be widely used in medical research, clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation medical and sport biomechanics field.
Because the surface myoelectric recorded from skin surface contains multiple noise jamming, be the small-signal that a kind of signal to noise ratio is very low, therefore must carry out to it processing such as signal amplification, filtering.The nearly electromyographic electrode of existing myoelectric apparatus modelled signal pretreatment termination, and the customization electrode with install between lead line, not only to signals collecting, make troubles, limited the versatility of connecting line between electrode and collection mainboard, also make pretreatment module in use because the probability that the factors such as collision are damaged increases, reduced the reliability of total system.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of portable, low-power consumption, can use current electrode connecting line, easy to use, reliability is strong, can the real time record electrocardio and measuring device and the method for surface myoelectric.
With this end in view, the invention discloses a kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device, it comprises:
Supply module, it is for this measuring device power supply;
Signals collecting and pretreatment module, it comprises at least one surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel, for gathering respectively electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal, and will after its amplification and filtering, export controller module to;
Controller module, it amplifies and filtered described electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal be used to receiving, and according to the sample frequency of setting, samples and the AD conversion, and removes after power frequency is disturbed and store;
Human-machine interface module, it is used to the user that the interface of man-machine interaction is provided.
Wherein, described signals collecting and pretreatment module comprise a plurality of surface myoelectric passages and an electrocardiac channel, all adopt three cardiac diagnosis lead-lines to be connected with human body.
Wherein, the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of described surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel is identical, includes the differential amplifier circuit and the bandwidth-limited circuit that connect successively; Described surface myoelectric passage is different with the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit in electrocardiac channel.
Wherein, in described surface myoelectric passage, the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit is 20-500Hz; In described electrocardiac channel, the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit is 0.05-100Hz.
Wherein, described surface myoelectric passage all is connected with human body by three cardiac diagnosis lead-lines with electrocardiac channel, wherein two differential input signal lines are connected with the differential amplifier circuit input, and another is connected with the reference circuit in electrocardiac channel with described surface myoelectric passage with reference to holding wire.
Wherein, described controller module comprises microcontroller minimum system and storage card, wherein said microcontroller minimum system adopts the power frequency in the signal after sampling and AD conversion are removed in 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filtering to disturb, and it is stored in storage card.
Wherein, described supply module comprises switch, battery case and power conversion chip; Wherein: whether switch powers for controlling, battery case is for power supply, and power conversion chip is the voltage that is applicable to contact panel in described signals collecting and pretreatment module, controller module microcontroller minimum system and human-machine interface module for the voltage transitions by described battery case output.
Wherein, described human-machine interface module comprises contact panel and computer, and user's choice for use contact panel or computer and described portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device as required carries out alternately.
Wherein, described contact panel is connected with described controller module by the RS232 serial ports, and described computer is connected with described controller module by USB interface.
The unified electrocardioelectrode that adopts of electrode signal acquisition disclosed by the invention gathers electrocardio and surface myoelectric, and by electrocardio, lead line and be connected with the input of described difference amplifier, can improve convenience and electrode that device uses, lead the versatility of line, do not need to customize especially electrode and lead line;
Adopt said structure and method, the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is structurally except electrode and lead all parts line and all be positioned at same device, especially signals collecting and preprocessing part are integrated in to device inside, without signal amplification and bandpass filtering chip are customized in leading line or electrode interior, can use general, cheap electrocardio to lead line and electrocardioelectrode effects on surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal gathers, the versatility of device, the convenience of use have greatly been improved, the reliability of single unit system;
(2) the present invention processes at the inner signal trap of software form that uses of microprocessor minimum system, has reduced unnecessary hardware unit, has simplified device, has further improved the reliability of method;
(3) the present invention can use contact panel and computer to carry out man-machine interface to communicate by letter, and realizes all operations were to device, and can to signal, process in real time, has improved the practicality of device;
(4) the present invention can while collection surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of differential amplifier circuit in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of reference circuit in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of surface myoelectric channel bandpass filter in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of electrocardiac channel band filter in the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of portable cardiac provided by the invention and surface myoelectric measuring device.As shown in Figure 1, this measuring device comprises: supply module 104, signals collecting and pretreatment module 105, controller module 112 and human-machine interface module 115.
Described supply module 104 comprises switch 101, battery case 102 and power conversion chip 103; Wherein: whether switch 101 is whole equipment power supply for controlling;
Described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105 comprise a plurality of surface myoelectric path 10s 6 and 1 electrocardiac channel 107, for gathering respectively electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal, with the signal that human body is faint, amplify, the quantity of described surface myoelectric passage can be set according to actual needs, is preferably 4; Described surface myoelectric passage comprises differential amplifier circuit 108, reference circuit 109 and bandwidth-limited circuit 110, wherein, differential amplifier circuit 108 amplifies for the low signal-to-noise ratio surface electromyogram signal by faint, reference circuit 109, be used to reducing common mode disturbances, is connected with differential amplifier circuit 108; Bandwidth-limited circuit 110, for filtering noise, is connected with differential amplifier circuit 108, then carries out bandpass filtering, removes noise, then is input in the AD translation interface of microcontroller minimum system 113.Described a plurality of surface myoelectric path 10 6 all adopts 3 general cardiac diagnosis lead-lines to be connected with human body with 1 electrocardiac channel 107, is respectively two differential input signal line CH1+, CH1-, and 1 with reference to holding wire Ref; Described two differential input signal line CH1+, CH1-are connected to described differential amplifier circuit, and reference signal line is connected to reference circuit 109.Conducting wire is connected with human body by Ag-AgCl electrocardioelectrode paster; The cut-off frequency that in described surface myoelectric path 10 6, bandwidth-limited circuit 110 adopts is 20-500Hz; Electrocardiac channel 107 is identical with surface myoelectric path 10 6 26S Proteasome Structure and Functions, and the cut-off frequency of different the is bandpass filtering 111 of electrocardiac channel 107 is 0.05-100Hz.Wherein, the filtering cut-off frequency is by the decision of human physiology's characteristic, the better noise of filtering and useful signal different frequency range.
Described control module 112 comprises microcontroller minimum system 113 and storage card 114; Described microcontroller minimum system 113 receives surface myoelectric path 10 6 and electrocardiac channel 107 amplifications and filtering signal afterwards in described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105, and sample successively and the AD conversion according to the sample frequency of setting, use software approach design 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filters, remove the 50Hz power frequency and disturb, then show as required or store; Microcontroller minimum system 113 is by SPI interface operation storage card 114, and storage card can be used the SD card, and miniSD card, the microstorage cards such as TF card to be to reduce the overall dimensions of device, the surface myoelectric and the electrocardiosignal that arrive for storage of collected;
Described human-machine interface module 115 comprises contact panel 116 and computer 117, it is for user and the mutual interface of equipment, can select according to actual needs: can carry out by the contact panel that equipment carries parameter setting and the demonstration of signals collecting, also can arrange and show by USB interface and computer, comprise selection, the setting of sample frequency, the design of signals collecting time of signal sampling channel, whether deposit signal in storage card or computer, the signalling channel numbering of demonstration is set; Wherein, described contact panel 116 is communicated by letter with described microcontroller minimum system by the RS232 serial ports, and computer 117 is communicated by letter with described microcontroller minimum system by USB interface.
The total system work process is as follows: (arrange by switch 101) after system powers on, controller is started working, the user is before acquired signal, need to arrange system, setting up procedure can be undertaken by contact panel, also can be connected to computer by USB, arrange at computer terminal.Select acquisition channel, frequency acquisition, acquisition time, then by the preview window, can check selected channel signal.After setting completed, the user clicked " starting to gather " button commencing signal and gathers, and considers time, also can arrange and start sometime to gather.If be provided with acquisition time, can when completing, collection finish by the sound prompting collection, also can be clicked by the user " finishing to gather ", finish this gatherer process.Now whether system prompt is stored, and the user can select whether to store into the SD card, or in USB connection computer situation, storing local hard drive into.
After system acquisition starts, after at first the electromyographic signal that human body surface is faint or electrocardiosignal pass through the amplification and filtering of described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105, be transferred to microcontroller minimum system 113, acquisition channel, frequency acquisition and acquisition time that AD converter in microcontroller minimum system 113 is set according to the user, this signal is sampled and the AD conversion, be converted to digital signal.At first microcontroller minimum system 113 carries out 50Hz software trap to this digital signal signal processes, and then according to the user, arranges, at shows signal curve on contact panel or on computer screen.After gathering end, arrange according to the user, store the SD card into or store hard disc of computer into.
Fig. 2 shows the structure chart of differential amplifier circuit in the present invention.Owing in prior art, mostly using common amplifier and discrete component design two-stage amplifying circuit, the first order is buffer stage, and the second level is amplifier stage, and design is complicated, due to the impedance mismatch of two input channels, additionally introduces noise simultaneously.For avoiding these problems, the present invention uses the INA128 instrumentation amplifier of TI company.As shown in Figure 2, the highest 120db of this instrumentation amplifier common mode rejection ratio, input impedance approximately 10
10Ω, inside has comprised prime buffer circuit and difference operational amplifying circuit.The prime buffer circuit has improved input impedance and the common mode rejection ratio of amplifying circuit, inner resistance through exact matching guarantees the impedance balance between two input channels, the impedance unbalance of avoiding user oneself to use discrete resistance element design buffer to bring, thereby the problem of introducing larger interference.The amplifier power supply only needs to connect positive-negative power and reference potential, and amplification can change by the resistance changed between pin 2 and pin 8, amplification scope 1 to 10000.
The surface electromyogram signal scope is generally below 1mV, the native system supply voltage is ± 5V, in order to prevent that common mode disturbances is excessive, cause that input stage amplifier is saturated, native system Design enlargement multiple is 1000, according to formula, calculate and should select 50 ohmages, due to the needs of reference circuit design, two 25 ohmages series connection are used in design herein, between two resistance, are connected to the input of reference circuit.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of reference circuit in the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, described reference circuit consists of voltage follower and reverse amplification circuit, voltage follower plays the isolation buffer effect, after inverting amplifier is anti-phase by the common mode disturbances by described differential amplifier circuit, be input to human body, and then play the effect that suppresses common mode disturbances, for the collection of surface myoelectric and electrocardiosignal provides reference voltage.
Fig. 4 shows the design principle figure of surface myoelectric band filter in the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, this surface myoelectric band filter is combined by high pass filter and low pass filter, and the surface electromyogram signal after amplifying through instrumentation amplifier, at first by high pass filter, filters out the low frequency part noise, then by low pass filter, filter out the HFS noise.Physiology's effective frequency range of surface electromyogram signal is the 20-200Hz left and right, needs after filtering noise contribution to be removed before processing.Main noise comprises: the low frequency common-mode noise, and 50Hz industrial frequency noise, and radio-frequency radiation noise, design of filter is for the frequecy characteristic design of signal and noise.Design the band filter consisted of low pass filter and high pass filter herein, wherein low pass filter design is 3 rank Butterworth active filters, cut-off frequency 500Hz; High pass filter is designed to 1 rank active filter, cut-off frequency 5Hz.For the 50Hz power frequency, disturb, most of design is all to realize with double T 50Hz wave trap, because power frequency notch filter requires the trap frequency section very narrow, so the required precision to device is high, regulate very difficult, and, owing in use due to factors such as temperature, causing the change of device property, also can cause the wave trap hydraulic performance decline.Due to these shortcomings of hardware the design of notch, the present invention does not design the hardware wave trap, but uses software approach design 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filters, simplicity of design, and cost is low, and can not drift about in time, with the obvious advantage.
Fig. 5 shows the design principle figure of electrocardio band filter in the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, its structure is identical with the surface myoelectric band filter, physiology's effective frequency range of electrocardiosignal that different is is 0.05-100Hz, it is identical with the electromyographic signal wave filter that the present invention designs bandpass filter structures, but cut-off frequency is designed to 0.05-120Hz, also designs the 50Hz digital filter simultaneously and suppress the power frequency interference.
Apparatus of the present invention volume is little, low in energy consumption, easily portable, and collection surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal, can arrange the parameter of acquired signal simultaneously, and shows signal reaches and carries out real time signal processing by computer in real time.Except leading line and electrode, all parts all are integrated in same device, use general electrocardio to lead line, and the line of leading without the integrated signals collecting of customization and pretreatment unit, improved versatility, the reliability of leading line, ease of use.
In addition, prior art is that preposition amplifier section is made to a little module, does together with conducting wire; And the present invention does not need customized this conducting wire, only need common cardiac diagnosis lead-line (not containing amplifier, just holding wire).Main purpose of the present invention is to make equipment general as far as possible, does not need special customized ancillary equipment, in the time of use, only needs present device and general conducting wire to get final product.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present invention, be about 10cm * 7cm * 2.5cm by this method home built device volume, but portable use.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device, it comprises:
Supply module, it is for this measuring device power supply;
Signals collecting and pretreatment module, it comprises at least one surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel, for gathering respectively electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal, and will after its amplification and filtering, export controller module to;
Controller module, it amplifies and filtered described electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal be used to receiving, and according to the sample frequency of setting, samples and the AD conversion, and removes after power frequency is disturbed and store;
Human-machine interface module, it is used to the user that the interface of man-machine interaction is provided.
2. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, is characterized in that, described signals collecting and pretreatment module comprise a plurality of surface myoelectric passages and an electrocardiac channel, all adopts three cardiac diagnosis lead-lines to be connected with human body.
3. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, is characterized in that, the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of described surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel is identical, includes the differential amplifier circuit and the bandwidth-limited circuit that connect successively; Described surface myoelectric passage is different with the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit in electrocardiac channel.
4. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 3 and surface myoelectric measuring device, is characterized in that, in described surface myoelectric passage, the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit is 20-500Hz; In described electrocardiac channel, the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit is 0.05-100Hz.
5. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 3 and surface myoelectric measuring device, it is characterized in that, described surface myoelectric passage all is connected with human body by three cardiac diagnosis lead-lines with electrocardiac channel, wherein two differential input signal lines are connected with the differential amplifier circuit input, and another is connected with the reference circuit in electrocardiac channel with described surface myoelectric passage with reference to holding wire.
6. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, it is characterized in that, described controller module comprises microcontroller minimum system and storage card, wherein said microcontroller minimum system adopts the power frequency in the signal after sampling and AD conversion are removed in 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filtering to disturb, and it is stored in storage card.
7. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, is characterized in that, described supply module comprises switch, battery case and power conversion chip; Wherein: whether switch powers for controlling, battery case is for power supply, and power conversion chip is the voltage that is applicable to contact panel in described signals collecting and pretreatment module, controller module microcontroller minimum system and human-machine interface module for the voltage transitions by described battery case output.
8. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, it is characterized in that, described human-machine interface module comprises contact panel and computer, and user's choice for use contact panel or computer and described portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device as required carries out alternately.
9. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 8 and surface myoelectric measuring device, is characterized in that, described contact panel is connected with described controller module by the RS232 serial ports, and described computer is connected with described controller module by USB interface.
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