CN103668177A - Method adopting laser cladding to form amorphous alloy coating on surface of carbon steel - Google Patents

Method adopting laser cladding to form amorphous alloy coating on surface of carbon steel Download PDF

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CN103668177A
CN103668177A CN201310590110.3A CN201310590110A CN103668177A CN 103668177 A CN103668177 A CN 103668177A CN 201310590110 A CN201310590110 A CN 201310590110A CN 103668177 A CN103668177 A CN 103668177A
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carbon steel
laser
steel plate
powder
cladding
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CN103668177B (en
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崔泽琴
关卓森
王文先
干宇
许并社
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Datong Sen yuan Laser Remanufacturing Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method adopting laser cladding to form an amorphous alloy coating on the surface of carbon steel, and as the laser cladding method is adopted on a laser welder, the carbon steel plate is intensified. The technical scheme comprises the following steps: sand blasting the surface of the carbon steel; preparing mixed powder of zirconium, nickel, aluminum and copper; cladding the surface of the carbon steel by utilizing a laser beam, and enabling the laser beam to perform all-directional irradiation along a locus curve set by a computer program; forming the amorphous alloy coating after amorphous alloy powder is fused and cured on the surface of the carbon steel. By the adoption of the method, the surface hardness, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of the carbon steel are greatly improved; compared with the performances before treatment, the surface hardness of the carbon steel is increased by four times, the abrasion resistance is increased by four times, and the corrosion resistance is increased by 1000%; the intensifying method has the advantages of advanced process, detailed and accurate data, short technological process and simplicity in realization, and is safe, stable and reliable; the cladding coating is solid and not easy to drop off; the method is ideal in intensifying the surface of the carbon steel.

Description

A kind of method of steel surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of steel surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating, belong to non-crystaline amorphous metal surface metallization, laser melting coating, the corrosion resistant technical field of raising.
Background technology
Carbon steel be in the modern industry, use the earliest, the base mateiral of consumption maximum, each industrial country of the world, exactissima diligentia improves carbon steel quality, expand kind and use range, be widely used in building, bridge, railway, vehicle, boats and ships and machine building industry, and aspect petrochemical complex, ocean exploitation, also used in a large number.
Although carbon steel has lot of advantages, but the activity due to ferro element, easily there is battery reflection, the loose and porous structure characteristic of ferric oxide, make its surface corrosion-resistant erosion property poor, make the application of carbon steel be subject to very large limitation, therefore must process the surface of carbon steel, improve surperficial solidity to corrosion, just can be more widely used.
At present, carbon steel surface modification has several different methods, and for example surperficial diffusion alloying, vapour deposition coating, coating facture, chemical surface treatment method, mechanical surface treatment method, have certain effect, but also has some drawbacks.
At carbon steel surface laser cladding amorphous alloy coating, it is a kind of new technical field, many domestic and international scientific research personnel are studied aspect amorphous coating, common coating has Zr base amorphous coating, but this coating is single, result of use is not good enough, prepare coating procedure and also have drawback and deficiency, still in conceptual phase.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for the present situation of background technology and deficiency, at steel surface laser cladding, adopt zirconium powder, aluminium powder, copper powder, nickel powder to form amorphous alloy coating, to increase substantially hardness, intensity and the erosion resistance of steel surface, improve the mechanical property of carbon steel.
Technical scheme
The chemical substance material that the present invention uses is: Carbon Steel Plate, zirconium powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, copper powder, argon gas, dehydrated alcohol, it is as follows that consumption is prepared in its combination: with gram, milliliter, millimeter, centimetre 3for measure unit
Figure BDA0000418934140000021
Steel surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating method is as follows:
(1) selected chemical substance material
To the chemical substance material using, to carry out selectedly, and carry out precision, control of purity:
Carbon Steel Plate: solid plate shape
Figure BDA0000418934140000022
(2) surface treatment Carbon Steel Plate
1. each portion of polishing finishing Carbon Steel Plate surface, determines working-surface, makes each limit vertical;
2. on sandblast machine, with quartz sand sandblast roughening treatment Carbon Steel Plate working-surface, surfaceness is R a2.5-5.0 μ m;
3. with dehydrated alcohol, clean Carbon Steel Plate working-surface, after scouring, dry;
(3) ball milling, drying treatment coated material
1. with ball mill, grind respectively zirconium powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, copper powder, and sieve respectively with 200 eye mesh screens, become fine powder, fine particle diameter≤0.075mm;
2. alloy powder mixes: the zirconium of grinding, aluminium, nickel, copper powder are placed in to container by the mass ratio of 582:30.8:101:48.3 and mix, stir; Then with ball mill, powder mix is ground, with 400 eye mesh screens, sieve, fine particle diameter≤0.04mm;
3. the zirconium nickel aluminum bronze powder mix after grinding is placed in to drying baker inner drying, 110 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 240min;
(4) at Carbon Steel Plate surface laser cladding zirconium nickel aluminum bronze powder mix
1. Carbon Steel Plate is placed on the three-dimensional worktable of laser welder, working-surface, is adjusted X, Y, Z coordinate distance upward, and fixing;
2. laser head is aimed to Carbon Steel Plate, adjust laser beam focusing distance, laser apparatus connects argon gas conduit, argon bottle;
3. zirconium nickel aluminum bronze powder mix is placed on Carbon Steel Plate working-surface to powder mix thickness 1mm;
4. open argon bottle, argon gas input speed is 40cm 3/ min;
5. cladding powder mix: laser generator send light, and laser head carries out cladding to powder mix on Carbon Steel Plate, with the continuous surface sweeping of 30% overlapping rate, argon gas is followed laser head input surface sweeping, surface sweeping time 3min;
6. cooling curing after surface sweeping, naturally cools to 25 ℃;
The alloy coat track on laser beam irradiation Carbon Steel Plate surface is controlled and is completed by computer program, and program is worked out by G code;
The admittedly molten parameter of laser beam irradiation:
Laser apparatus: CO 2gas laser
Optical maser wavelength: 10.6 μ m
Laser beam output rating: 3300W
Spot diameter: 3mm
Positive defocusing amount :+20mm
The solid melting temperatur of laser beam irradiation: 1200 ℃-1500 ℃
Sweep velocity: 600mm/min
Sweep time: 3min
Instantaneous admittedly molten time: 0.02s
Laser beam flying irradiate solid molten after, at Carbon Steel Plate working-surface, form cladding layer, that is: ZrNiAlCu amorphous alloy coating, after cladding, amorphous alloy coating thickness is 0.6mm, surface is tawny;
(5) Carbon Steel Plate cooling after, with sand papering amorphous alloy coating surface, surfaceness is R a0.63-1.25 μ m;
(6) clean Carbon Steel Plate, with dehydrated alcohol, clean, after cleaning, dry;
(7) detect, analyze, characterize
To the carbon steel sheet amorphous alloy layer surface after laser remolten carry out pattern, microhardness, XRD thing phase, erosion resistance is analyzed and characterize;
By metaloscope, scanning electron microscope, cladding layer surface topography is carried out to observation analysis;
With microhardness instrument, hardness test analysis is carried out in cladding layer surface;
With XRD analysis instrument, cladding layer is carried out to material phase analysis;
With electrochemical corrosion test instrument, corrosive nature is carried out in cladding layer surface and detect analysis;
Conclusion:
Carbon Steel Plate and amorphous cladding layer reach metallurgical binding;
Cladding layer is by crystal and noncrystal composition, and wherein noncrystal volume fraction reaches 55%;
Microhardness: the 232.2HV by matrix rises to 828.7HV, surface hardness improves 4 times, and wear resistance improves 4 times;
Galvanic corrosion: corrosion current is by the 2.261E-5A/cm of matrix 2be elevated to 2.142E-6A/cm 2, erosion resistance improves 1000%.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compares with background technology has obvious advance, it is low according to Carbon Steel Plate surface strength, wear resistance, the situation of corrosion-resistant, Carbon Steel Plate surface is adopted to preset metal-powder, laser melting and coating technique, at its surface cladding amorphous alloy coating, coating hardness improves 4 times compared with Carbon Steel Plate, wear resistance improves 4 times, erosion resistance improves 1000%, cladding coating amorphous formation ability is high, this cladding Enhancement Method technical process is short, informative data is accurate, easily realize, safety and stability is reliable, Gu crucible zone is firm, difficult drop-off, it is the Enhancement Method on very good carbon steel surface.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Carbon Steel Plate surface laser cladding amorphous alloy coating process flow sheet
Fig. 2 is the state graph of Carbon Steel Plate laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating
Fig. 3 is that Carbon Steel Plate laser beam focuses on irradiation track while scan figure
Fig. 4 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 3
Fig. 5 is the whole shape appearance figure of cladding layer
Fig. 6 is that cladding layer amorphous structure amplifies shape appearance figure
Shown in figure, list of numerals is as follows:
1, Carbon Steel Plate, 2, zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque, 3, laser support, 4, XYZ three-dimensional worktable, 5, temperature field measurement instrument, 6, temperature sensor, 7, laser apparatus, 8, grating, 9, speculum, 10, condensing lens, 11, laser beam focus point, 12, sight glass, 13, pick up camera, 14, computer, 15, argon bottle, 16, argon gas valve, 17, tunger tube, 18, support, 19, liquid crystal display, 20, pilot lamp, 21, Gu melting temperatur controller, 22, power switch, 23, pick up camera wire, 24, laser apparatus wire, 25, temperature field measurement wire.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Shown in Fig. 1, be Carbon Steel Plate surface laser cladding amorphous alloy coating process flow sheet, be by proportioning, according to the order of sequence operation according to quantity.
The value of the chemical substance material that preparation is used is by the specification setting in advance, surface-area, alloy layer Depth determination, with gram, milliliter, centimetre 3, millimeter be measure unit.
Carbon Steel Plate surfaceness is with R a2.5-5.0 μ m is advisable, so that amorphous coating adheres to is curing.
Amorphous coating is by atom number, to compare Zr with zirconium nickel aluminum bronze 63.8ni 17.2al 11.4cu 7.6set, fore-put powder thickness is 1mm.
The solid molten of Carbon Steel Plate surface is most important operation, strictly carry out, and each technical parameter will strictly be controlled.
Laser beam focuses on while irradiating can produce strong temperature field, with temperature field measurement instrument, temperature sensor and high speed video camera, monitors at any time cladding process and temperature field, and liquid crystal display shows numerical value and cladding state.
Laser apparatus is laser beam energy source, ensure enough Energy values, and speculum, condensing lens are wanted correct position, vertical focusing.
In laser beam irradiation process, whole process argon shield, it is sufficient that airshed is wanted.
Shown in Fig. 2, be the state graph of Carbon Steel Plate laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating, it is correct that want each position, proportioning according to quantity, and each cladding parameter will strictly be controlled, according to the order of sequence operation.
Carbon Steel Plate working-surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating carries out on laser machine, is on XYZ three-dimensional worktable, under laser beam irradiation, argon shield, completes;
Laser support 3 is rectangular, XYZ three-dimensional worktable 4 is set on laser support 3, upper parallel at XYZ three-dimensional worktable 4 is put Carbon Steel Plate 1, and fixing, Carbon Steel Plate 1 working-surface upwards, on Carbon Steel Plate 1 top, evenly put zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque 2, liquid crystal display 19, pilot lamp 20, solid melting temperatur controller 21, power switch 22 are set in the front of XYZ three-dimensional worktable 4; Left part at laser support 3 is provided with argon bottle 15, and argon bottle 15 connects argon gas valve 16, tunger tube 17, and tunger tube 17 is supported by support 18, and tunger tube 17 is aimed at zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque, and exports argon gas; Upper left quarter at laser support 3 is provided with laser apparatus 7, laser apparatus 7 right part parallel alignment gratings 8, grating 8 parallel alignment speculums 9, speculum 9 perpendicular alignmnet condensing lenss 10, the zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque 2 that condensing lens 10 is aimed on Carbon Steel Plate 1; Upper right quarter at laser support 3 is provided with sight glass 12, pick up camera 13, the focusing cladding point that sight glass 12, pick up camera 13 are aimed on Carbon Steel Plate 1; Right part at laser support 3 is provided with computer 14, and computer 14 connects with pick up camera 13 by pick up camera wire 23, and computer 14 connects with laser apparatus 7 by laser apparatus wire 24, and computer 14 connects with laser support 3 by temperature field measurement wire 25.
Shown in Fig. 3,4, for Carbon Steel Plate laser beam focuses on, irradiate track while scan figure, track starting point can be from the left and right directions of mid-way, clockwise single-channel scanning, and backhaul is cooling, and left and right scanning can prevent distortion.
Shown in Fig. 5, be the whole shape appearance figure of cladding layer, known in figure: cladding layer and matrix reach good metallurgical binding, cladding layer compactness is good, a small amount of pore, flawless defect.
Shown in Fig. 6, for cladding layer amorphous structure amplifies shape appearance figure, known in figure, content of amorphous is high, is mingled with crystal and exists.

Claims (2)

1. the method for a steel surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating, it is characterized in that: the chemical substance material of use is: Carbon Steel Plate, zirconium powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, copper powder, argon gas, dehydrated alcohol, it is as follows that consumption is prepared in its combination: with gram, milliliter, centimetre 3, millimeter be measure unit
Figure FDA0000418934130000011
Steel surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating method is as follows:
(1) selected chemical substance material
To the chemical substance material using, to carry out selectedly, and carry out precision, control of purity:
Figure FDA0000418934130000012
(2) surface treatment Carbon Steel Plate
1. each portion of polishing finishing Carbon Steel Plate surface, determines working-surface, makes each limit vertical;
2. on sandblast machine, use quartz sand sandblast roughening treatment Carbon Steel Plate working face, surfaceness is R a2.5-5.0 μ m;
3. with dehydrated alcohol, clean Carbon Steel Plate working face, after scouring, dry;
(3) ball milling, drying treatment coated material
1. with ball mill, grind respectively zirconium powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, copper powder, and sieve respectively with 200 eye mesh screens, become fine powder, fine particle diameter≤0.075mm;
2. alloy powder mixes: the zirconium of grinding, aluminium, nickel, copper powder are placed in to container by the mass ratio of 582:30.8:101:48.3 and mix, stir, then with ball mill, powder mix is ground, with 400 eye mesh screens, sieve, fine particle diameter≤0.040mm;
3. the zirconium nickel aluminum bronze powder mix after grinding is placed in to drying baker inner drying, 110 ℃ of drying temperatures, time of drying 240min;
(4) at Q235 plate surface laser cladding zirconium nickel aluminum bronze powder mix
1. Carbon Steel Plate is placed on the three-dimensional worktable of laser welder, adjusts X, Y, Z coordinate distance, and fixing;
2. laser head is aimed to Carbon Steel Plate, adjust laser beam focusing distance, laser apparatus connects argon gas conduit, argon bottle;
3. zirconium nickel aluminum bronze powder mix is placed on Carbon Steel Plate to powder mix thickness 1mm;
4. open argon bottle, argon pressure is 0.8~1.0kgf/cm 2, argon gas input speed is 10cm 3/ min;
5. cladding powder mix: laser generator send light, and laser head carries out cladding to powder mix on Carbon Steel Plate, with the continuous surface sweeping of 30% overlapping rate, argon gas is followed laser head input surface sweeping, surface sweeping time 3min;
6. cooling curing after scanning, naturally cools to 25 ℃;
The alloy coat track on laser beam irradiation Carbon Steel Plate surface is controlled and is completed by computer program, and program is worked out by G code;
The admittedly molten parameter of laser beam irradiation:
Laser apparatus: CO 2gas laser
Optical maser wavelength: 10.6 μ m
Laser beam output rating: 3300W
Spot diameter: 3mm
Positive defocusing amount :+20mm
Solid melting temperatur: the 1200-1500 ℃ of laser beam irradiation
Sweep velocity: 600mm/min
Sweep time: 3min
Instantaneous admittedly molten time: 0.02s
Laser beam flying irradiate solid molten after, at Carbon Steel Plate working-surface, form cladding layer, that is: ZrNiAlCu amorphous coating, after cladding, amorphous coating thickness is 0.6mm, surface is tawny;
(5) Carbon Steel Plate cooling after, with sand papering amorphous coating surface, surfaceness is R a0.63-1.25 μ m;
(8) clean Carbon Steel Plate, with dehydrated alcohol, clean, after cleaning, dry;
(9) detect, analyze, characterize
To the carbon steel sheet alloy layer surface after laser remolten carry out pattern, microhardness, XRD thing phase, erosion resistance is analyzed and characterize;
By metaloscope, scanning electron microscope, cladding layer surface topography is carried out to observation analysis;
With microhardness instrument, test analysis is carried out in cladding layer surface;
With XRD analysis instrument, cladding layer is carried out to material phase analysis;
With electrochemical corrosion test instrument, corrosive nature is carried out in cladding layer surface and detect analysis;
Conclusion:
Carbon Steel Plate and amorphous cladding layer reach metallurgical binding;
Cladding layer is by crystal and noncrystal composition, and wherein noncrystal volume fraction reaches 55%;
Microhardness: the 232.2HV by matrix rises to 828.7HV, surface hardness can improve 4 times, and wear resistance improves 4 times;
Galvanic corrosion: corrosion current is by the 2.261E-5A/cm of matrix 2be elevated to 2.142E-6A/cm 2, erosion resistance improves 1000%.
2. the method for a kind of steel surface laser melting coating amorphous alloy coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Carbon Steel Plate working-surface laser melting coating amorphous coating carries out on laser machine, be on XYZ three-dimensional worktable, under laser beam irradiation, argon shield, complete;
Laser support (3) is rectangular, XYZ three-dimensional worktable (4) is set on laser support (3), upper parallel at XYZ three-dimensional worktable (4) is put Carbon Steel Plate (1), and fixing, Carbon Steel Plate (1) working-surface upwards, on Carbon Steel Plate (1) top, evenly put zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque (2), liquid crystal display (19), pilot lamp (20), solid melting temperatur controller (21), power switch (22) are set in the front of XYZ three-dimensional worktable (4); Left part at laser support (3) is provided with argon bottle (15), argon bottle (15) connects argon gas valve (16), tunger tube (17), tunger tube (17) is supported by support (18), and tunger tube (17) is aimed at zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque (2), and exports argon gas; Upper left quarter at laser support (3) is provided with laser apparatus (7), laser apparatus right part parallel alignment grating (8), grating (8) parallel alignment speculum (9), speculum (9) perpendicular alignmnet condensing lens (10), condensing lens (10) is aimed at the zirconium nickel aluminum bronze mixing bisque (2) on Carbon Steel Plate (1); Upper right quarter at laser support (3) is provided with sight glass (12), pick up camera (13), and sight glass (12), pick up camera (13) are aimed at the focusing cladding point on Carbon Steel Plate (1); Right part at laser support (3) is provided with computer (14), computer (14) connects with pick up camera (13) by pick up camera wire (23), computer (14) connects with laser apparatus (7) by laser apparatus wire (24), and computer (14) connects with laser support (3) by temperature field measurement wire (25).
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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104947007A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-09-30 太原科技大学 System for preparing amorphous alloy
CN104988436A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-10-21 太原理工大学 Preparation method for zirconium-based amorphous alloy
WO2016043803A1 (en) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-24 Kondex Corporation Agricultural blades and machine parts with amorphous metal laser cladding
US9717176B2 (en) 2014-09-15 2017-08-01 Kondex Corporation Agricultural blades and machine parts with amorphous metal laser cladding
CN108103384A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-01 太原理工大学 A kind of preparation method of laser gain material non-crystaline amorphous metal
CN110331342A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-15 江阴市恒润环锻有限公司 Alloy ring forging and its manufacturing method in a kind of civilian nuclear equipment
US10648051B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2020-05-12 Kondex Corporation Reciprocating cutting blade with cladding
CN113351372A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Zr-based amorphous coating, preparation process thereof and application thereof in electric purification
CN114016692A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-08 晋江市新思维环保科技有限公司 Honeycomb aluminum plate based on hot press molding and preparation process thereof

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CN1341771A (en) * 2001-08-10 2002-03-27 大连理工大学 Large-block amorphous alloy component design method
CN101805903A (en) * 2010-04-12 2010-08-18 太原理工大学 Method for cladding copper alloy layer on surface of steel substrate by laser brazing
CN103143698A (en) * 2013-03-15 2013-06-12 燕山大学 Flowability testing method and device for zirconium base block amorphous alloy melt

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CN103143698A (en) * 2013-03-15 2013-06-12 燕山大学 Flowability testing method and device for zirconium base block amorphous alloy melt

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WO2016043803A1 (en) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-24 Kondex Corporation Agricultural blades and machine parts with amorphous metal laser cladding
US9717176B2 (en) 2014-09-15 2017-08-01 Kondex Corporation Agricultural blades and machine parts with amorphous metal laser cladding
EP3193577A4 (en) * 2014-09-15 2018-06-06 Kondex Corporation Agricultural blades and machine parts with amorphous metal laser cladding
US10648051B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2020-05-12 Kondex Corporation Reciprocating cutting blade with cladding
CN104947007A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-09-30 太原科技大学 System for preparing amorphous alloy
CN104988436A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-10-21 太原理工大学 Preparation method for zirconium-based amorphous alloy
CN108103384A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-06-01 太原理工大学 A kind of preparation method of laser gain material non-crystaline amorphous metal
CN110331342A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-15 江阴市恒润环锻有限公司 Alloy ring forging and its manufacturing method in a kind of civilian nuclear equipment
CN113351372A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Zr-based amorphous coating, preparation process thereof and application thereof in electric purification
CN113351372B (en) * 2021-06-07 2022-09-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Zr-based amorphous coating, preparation process thereof and application thereof in electric purification
CN114016692A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-08 晋江市新思维环保科技有限公司 Honeycomb aluminum plate based on hot press molding and preparation process thereof

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