CN103832542A - Bionic sharkskin making use of shape memory alloy artificial muscle slowly-released drag reducer - Google Patents
Bionic sharkskin making use of shape memory alloy artificial muscle slowly-released drag reducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103832542A CN103832542A CN201410107758.5A CN201410107758A CN103832542A CN 103832542 A CN103832542 A CN 103832542A CN 201410107758 A CN201410107758 A CN 201410107758A CN 103832542 A CN103832542 A CN 103832542A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of engineering bionic technology, in particular to bionic sharkskin making use of a shape memory alloy artificial muscle slowly-released drag reducer. The bionic sharkskin making use of the shape memory alloy artificial muscle slowly-released drag reducer comprises a supporting base, a hardened conductive layer I, artificial muscle flexible units, a hardened conductive layer II, a shark scale imitation skin layer and a drag reducer liquid device, wherein each artificial muscle flexible unit comprises a shape memory alloy artificial muscle spring, a pulling head, a two-section electric heating rod and a connection conductive wire, and each shape memory alloy artificial muscle spring has a certain amount of supporting strength. Compared with the prior art, the bionic sharkskin making use of the shape memory alloy artificial muscle slowly-released drag reducer has the advantages that by the adoption of the design of shape memory alloy artificial muscle, a micro mucus secreting mechanism of the sharkskin is simulated by means of the unique material characteristic that the double-trip memory effect is presented under the driving of transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy artificial muscle, the working mode and control method of slowly releasing the drag reducer are more sensitive, controllable and reliable compared with existing means, service life is guaranteed effectively, and a beneficial example is provided for the engineering bionic technology, especially the bionic drag reduction skin manufacturing technology, in the aspect of structure and function bionics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bionical sharkskin, more particularly, refer to a kind of bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, belong to engineering bionics techniques field.
Background technology
The skin resistance that effectively reduces aircraft is with raising speed, manoevreability, endurance and fuel utilization efficiency, significant for national economy and national defense safety.Shark, dolphin, the fast aquatic organism of the contour trip of tuna provide the very valuable bionical model of engineering for the mankind undoubtedly, and efficient, the low-resistance bionic, drag-reducing epidermis of research and development becomes current study hotspot and difficult point targetedly.
The height trip speed of shark is except outside the Pass stream line pattern body perfect with it have, also with the special micro-scale structure of its epidermis and squama thereof under the mucus of secreting in close relations, the collaborative coupling drag reduction function of the two is called " sharkskin effect " (Shark Skin Effect) by academia.The common report of research of current Para shark composite anti-drag structure, the Chinese patent that is ZL201110261668.8 such as the patent No. discloses height imitative shark drag reduction structure true to nature of a kind of instant slowly-releasing drag reducer and preparation method thereof, by make microwell array on imitative shark groove micromorphology, by electrohydraulic control system control drag reducer by pumping source via this microwell array to the micro-scale of imitative shark surface slowly-releasing drag reducer to reach the effect of imitative shark composite anti-drag; The patent No. is that the Chinese patent of ZL201110261667.3, ZL201110261739.4, ZL201110261678.1 discloses a series of diatom shells in diatom earth as slowly-releasing medium for another example, to the method for the micro-scale of the height imitative shark true to nature of producing take diatom earth as configuration medium surface slowly-releasing drag reducer simultaneously.But the problems such as said structure or method exist complex manufacturing technology, control method is loaded down with trivial details, service life is short, poor operability.
Artificial-muscle is a kind of novel intelligent material coming out nearly decades, and it can be under the effect of extra electric field, ambient temperature or potential of hydrogen, and the effect of being stretched and being produced power by the change of material internal structure has the function quite similar with biological muscles.The artificial muscle material of having developed at present relates to poly-mer, metal, gel and CNT etc., and wherein marmem (Shape Memory Alloys is called for short SMA) is one of artificial thews material that current application is comparatively ripe.SMA is a kind of intellectual material that can remember original shape, when temperature is artificially out of shape it during lower than its transition temperature, when temperature shape before it can automatically restore to distortion during higher than its transition temperature, and the SMA with double-pass memory effect can be returned to again its low-temperature phase shape in the time being again cooled to below transition temperature.Marmem artificial-muscle takes full advantage of the double process shape-memory effect of this uniqueness of SMA, utilize external its temperature of thermal source control to change up and down at transition temperature, thereby make its constantly back and forth distortion between low-temperature phase and high-temperature-phase, and then show the flexible larger strength of similar muscle, thereby realize the function of certain power.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
Technical matters solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions: the bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, it is characterized in that, comprise supporting seat, sclerosis conductive layer I, artificial-muscle telescopic unit, sclerosis conductive layer II, imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface, drag reducer liquid level, described supporting seat is for supporting and bionical sharkskin being mounted on to carrier shell wall, lower surface and the supporting seat upper surface of described sclerosis conductive layer I fix, the upper surface of described sclerosis conductive layer II glues together mutually with the lower surface of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface, region between sclerosis conductive layer I upper surface and sclerosis conductive layer II lower surface is packaged with certain thickness, the drag reducer liquid level of certain ingredients and concentration, the artificial-muscle telescopic unit of some quantity is array and is vertically arranged in drag reducer liquid level, described artificial-muscle telescopic unit comprises the marmem artificial-muscle spring with certain support strength, drawing head, two sectional type electrically heated rod be connected wire, one end of marmem artificial-muscle spring is fixedly connected with supporting seat when maintenance is insulated with sclerosis conductive layer I, the other end is fixedly connected with drawing head in insulating with sclerosis conductive layer II, one section in the two sectional type electrically heated rod being together in series by scalable connection wire is done conduction with sclerosis conductive layer I and is connected, another section is done conduction with sclerosis conductive layer II and is connected, glue together mutually with the upper surface of sclerosis conductive layer II the bottom surface of drawing head, corresponding being fixedly connected with of some stretch holes that its lap of drawing head is offered with imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface lower surface, the upper surface of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface is manufactured with the micro-scale of some high imitative sharks true to nature, on imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface, have some, regularly arranged through hole type epidermis bleeding micropore, on sclerosis conductive layer II, have some, regularly arranged and with the sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole of the corresponding connection of epidermis bleeding micropore, on sclerosis conductive layer I, have some, regularly arranged sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole, on supporting seat, have some, regularly arranged and with the supporting seat of the corresponding connection of the sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole through hole of infusing, also comprise a drag reducer liquid-way system, described drag reducer liquid-way system comprises fluid reservoir, pipeline, check valve I, check valve II, fluid reservoir is used for storage of water soluble drag-reducing agent using the source as slowly-releasing drag reducer, the check valve I of some is fixed on supporting seat lower surface, its incoming flow end is by pipeline connection fluid reservoir, it goes stream end to be communicated with drag reducer liquid level via supporting seat transfusion through hole and sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole successively, the check valve II of some is fixed on sclerosis conductive layer II lower surface, its incoming flow end is communicated with drag reducer liquid level, it goes stream end to be connected with the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface external space via sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole and epidermis bleeding micropore successively.
The described bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, under state of nature, the thickness of drag reducer liquid level is 3.0 mm～5.0 mm, the thickness of sclerosis conductive layer I and sclerosis conductive layer II is 0.5 mm～0.8 mm, the thickness of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface is 1.5 mm～2.0 mm, and the spacing between the artificial-muscle telescopic unit that array is arranged is 15.0 mm～20.0 mm.
The described bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, in fluid reservoir and drag reducer liquid level, the composition of water-soluble drag reducer is polyoxyethylene aqueous solution, its mass percent concentration is 0.012 ‰～0.070 ‰.
The described bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, making marmem artificial-muscle spring marmem used is nickel titanium alloy, adnic, copper aluminum series alloy, the copper Zn based alloy with double-pass memory effect, and its transformetion range is 55 ℃～85 ℃.
The described bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, while making marmem artificial-muscle spring, first being processed into during higher than its transition temperature in temperature is highly the short-thick type Compress Spring shape of 1.5 mm～2.5 mm, then is that to be deformed into be highly the asthenic Compress Spring shape of 3.0 mm～5.0 mm by its people during lower than transition temperature in temperature.
Principle of work of the present invention is: under the operating mode in ambient temperature lower than marmem transition temperature used, this bionical sharkskin is installed on to submarine navigation device carrier shell wall, in carrier navigation process by gathering Reynolds number under the calculation of parameter current working such as water temperature, route speed, water tightness, kinetic viscosity to judge streamflow regime, in the time that current reach turbulent flow, to sclerosis conductive layer I and sclerosis conductive layer II to switch on to heat two sectional type electrically heated rod, marmem artificial-muscle spring is rapidly heated to it more than transition temperature, and then marmem artificial-muscle spring will start distortion voluntarily based on self material characteristic in drag reducer liquid level, and become short-thick type Compress Spring from asthenic Compress Spring gradually, the above-mentioned deformation of some marmem artificial-muscle springs will drive drawing head tractive sclerosis conductive layer II, and then push the drag reducer in drag reducer liquid level and its pressure is increased, after this pressure increases to a certain degree, check valve II is passive open-minded, and then a certain amount of drag reducer is discharged on the micro-scale of imitative shark of imitating Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface and in fluid medium via sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole and epidermis bleeding micropore in drag reducer liquid level, now the drag reducer of the imitative micro-scale of shark and discharge starts to bring into play collaborative coupling drag reduction usefulness, drag reducer is through certain hour meeting natural degradation and loss, system needs to continue supplementing water soluble drag-reducing agent to skin covering of the surface in time, now give heating rod power-off so that the cooling of marmem artificial-muscle spring, below it is down to transition temperature time, marmem artificial-muscle spring will be deformed into asthenic Compress Spring by short-thick type Compress Spring conversely, and then tractive sclerosis conductive layer II is to increase the thickness of drag reducer liquid level, this reduces the pressure of drag reducer liquid level, passive the opening of check valve I is evacuated to drag reducer in drag reducer liquid level by fluid reservoir subsequently, thereby complete a drag reducer slowly-releasing cycle, continue to power up by unlatching next cycle.
The present invention compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages: the marmem artificial-muscle design that (1) the present invention adopts, utilize its unique material characteristic to be subject to self transition temperature to order about presented double-pass memory effect and simulate the micro-bleeding mechanism of sharkskin, the more existing means of the mode of operation of its slowly-releasing drag reducer and control method are more sensitive, controlled, reliable, effectively guaranteed service life; (2) the Compress Spring type marmem artificial-muscle spring design that the present invention adopts, to a certain extent compared with touching and the extruding of external force to bionical sharkskin in daily use process that more can disappear of other shapes, thereby play the effect of actv. self-protection, there is stronger operability; (3) the present invention propose the bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, 26S Proteasome Structure and Function bionical aspect for engineering bionics techniques particularly the development of bionic, drag-reducing epidermis manufacturing technology useful example is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the bionical sharkskin appearance assumption diagram (removing drag reducer liquid-way system) that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the bionical sharkskin inner structure layering internal anatomy (removing drag reducer liquid-way system) that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is artificial-muscle telescopic unit structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A is imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 B is that imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface of the present invention is looked up structural representation.
Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of artificial-muscle telescopic unit of the present invention and two sclerosis conductive layers.
Fig. 6 is clamping support schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is drag reducer liquid-way system schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1, supporting seat 2, sclerosis conductive layer I 3, artificial-muscle telescopic unit 4, sclerosis conductive layer II
5, imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 6, drag reducer liquid level 7, marmem artificial-muscle spring 8, connection wire
9, drawing head 10, two sectional type electrically heated rod 11, the imitative micro-scale 12 of shark, stretch hole 13, epidermis bleeding micropore 14, sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole 15, sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole 16, supporting seat transfusion through hole 17, fluid reservoir 18, pipeline 19, check valve I 20, check valve II.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 6, utilize the bionical sharkskin of marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, comprise supporting seat 1, sclerosis conductive layer I 2, artificial-muscle telescopic unit 3, sclerosis conductive layer II 4, imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5, drag reducer liquid level 6, supporting seat 1 is for supporting and bionical sharkskin being mounted on to carrier shell wall, lower surface and supporting seat 1 upper surface of sclerosis conductive layer I 2 fix, the upper surface of sclerosis conductive layer II 4 glues together mutually with imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5 lower surfaces that thickness is 2.0 mm, it is that 5.0 mm, mass percent concentration are 0.070 ‰ polyoxyethylene aqueous solution drag reducer liquid level 6 that region between sclerosis conductive layer I 2 upper surfaces and sclerosis conductive layer II 4 lower surfaces is packaged with thickness, and the thickness of sclerosis conductive layer I 2 and sclerosis conductive layer II 4 is 0.8 mm, the artificial-muscle telescopic unit 3 of some quantity is array and is vertically arranged in drag reducer liquid level 6, and spacing between the array artificial-muscle telescopic unit 3 of arranging is 20.0 mm, described artificial-muscle telescopic unit 3 comprises the marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 with certain support strength, drawing head 9, two sectional type electrically heated rod 10 be connected wire 8, one end of marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 is fixedly connected with supporting seat 1 when maintenance is insulated with sclerosis conductive layer I 2, the other end is fixedly connected with drawing head 9 in insulating with sclerosis conductive layer II 4, one section in the two sectional type electrically heated rod 10 being together in series by scalable connection wire 8 is done conduction with sclerosis conductive layer I 2 and is connected, another section is done conduction with sclerosis conductive layer II 4 and is connected, glue together mutually with the upper surface of sclerosis conductive layer II 4 bottom surface of drawing head 9, corresponding being fixedly connected with of some stretch holes 12 that its lap of drawing head 9 is offered with imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5 lower surfaces, the upper surface of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5 is manufactured with the micro-scale 11 of some high imitative sharks true to nature, on imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5, have some, regularly arranged through hole type epidermis bleeding micropore 13, on sclerosis conductive layer II 4, have some, regularly arranged and with the sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole 14 of epidermis bleeding micropore 13 corresponding connections, on sclerosis conductive layer I 2, have some, regularly arranged sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole 15, on supporting seat 1, have some, regularly arranged and with the supporting seat of the corresponding connection of sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole 15 through hole 16 of infusing.
With reference to Fig. 7, utilize the bionical sharkskin of marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, also comprise a drag reducer liquid-way system, described drag reducer liquid-way system comprises fluid reservoir 17, pipeline 18, check valve I 19, check valve II 20, fluid reservoir 17 for storage of water soluble drag-reducing agent using as slowly-releasing with the source of drag reducer, the check valve I 19 of some is fixed on supporting seat 1 lower surface, its incoming flow end is communicated with fluid reservoir 17 by pipeline 18, it goes stream end to be communicated with drag reducer liquid level 6 via supporting seat transfusion through hole 16 and sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole 15 successively, the check valve II 20 of some is fixed on sclerosis conductive layer II 4 lower surfaces, its incoming flow end is communicated with drag reducer liquid level 6, it goes stream end to be connected with imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5 external spaces via sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole 14 and epidermis bleeding micropore 13 successively.
Making marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 marmems used is the nickel titanium alloys with double-pass memory effect, and its transition temperature is 55 ℃.In the time making marmem artificial-muscle spring 7, being first processed into during higher than 55 ℃ in temperature is highly the short-thick type Compress Spring shape of 2.5 mm, then is that to be deformed into be highly the asthenic Compress Spring shape of 5.0 mm by its people during lower than 55 ℃ in temperature.
Plan this bionical sharkskin and be applied to throughout the year that (m), the laying length of bionical sharkskin is 2.0 m to cox 3.2 on certain type motor boat of coastal waters activity.First, according to the common working environment of this type motor boat, (20 ℃ of seawater water temperatures, density is 1.025 × 10
3kg/m
3, kinetic viscosity is 1.002 × 10
-3kg/ms) minimum cruising speed 7 m/s of design under calculate the Reynolds number of bionical sharkskin under this operating mode:
Obviously,
re﹥ ﹥ 0.7 × 10
6, now current have reached turbulence state.So start to switch on to heat two sectional type electrically heated rod 10 to sclerosis conductive layer I 2 and sclerosis conductive layer II 4, marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 is rapidly heated to more than 55 ℃, and then marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 will be voluntarily starts distortion drag reducer liquid level 6 is interior based on self material characteristic, and become short-thick type Compress Spring from asthenic Compress Spring gradually, the above-mentioned deformation of some marmem artificial-muscle springs 7 will drive drawing head 9 tractive sclerosis conductive layer II 4, and then push the drag reducer in drag reducer liquid level 6 and its pressure is increased, after this pressure increases to a certain degree, check valve II 20 is passive open-minded, and then the interior a certain amount of drag reducer of drag reducer liquid level 6 is discharged to via sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole 14 and epidermis bleeding micropore 13 on the micro-scale 11 of imitative shark of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5 and in fluid medium, now the micro-scale 11 of imitative shark starts to bring into play collaborative coupling drag reduction usefulness with the drag reducer of discharging, drag reducer is through certain hour meeting natural degradation and loss, system needs to continue supplementing water soluble drag-reducing agent to imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface 5 in time, now give 10 power-off of two sectional type electrically heated rod so that marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 is lowered the temperature, in the time that it is down to below 55 ℃, marmem artificial-muscle spring 7 will be deformed into asthenic Compress Spring by short-thick type Compress Spring conversely, and then tractive sclerosis conductive layer II 4 is to increase the thickness of drag reducer liquid level 6, this reduces the pressure of drag reducer liquid level 6, passive the opening of check valve I 19 is evacuated to drag reducer in drag reducer liquid level 6 by fluid reservoir 17 subsequently, thereby complete a drag reducer slowly-releasing cycle, continue to power up by unlatching next cycle.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to show and to describe groundwork of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the field should understand, the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various modifications or is equal to replacement, and do not depart from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. utilize the bionical sharkskin of marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer, it is characterized in that, comprise supporting seat (1), sclerosis conductive layer I(2), artificial-muscle telescopic unit (3), sclerosis conductive layer II(4), imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5), drag reducer liquid level (6), described supporting seat (1) is for supporting and bionical sharkskin being mounted on to carrier shell wall, described sclerosis conductive layer I(2) lower surface and supporting seat (1) upper surface fix, described sclerosis conductive layer II(4) upper surface glue together mutually with the lower surface of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5), sclerosis conductive layer I(2) upper surface and the conductive layer II(4 that hardens) region between lower surface is packaged with certain thickness, the drag reducer liquid level (6) of certain ingredients and concentration, the artificial-muscle telescopic unit (3) of some quantity is array and is vertically arranged in drag reducer liquid level (6), described artificial-muscle telescopic unit (3) comprises the marmem artificial-muscle spring (7) with certain support strength, drawing head (9), two sectional type electrically heated rod (10) be connected wire (8), one end of marmem artificial-muscle spring (7) is keeping and sclerosis conductive layer I(2) be fixedly connected with supporting seat (1) in insulating, the other end with sclerosis conductive layer II(4) be fixedly connected with drawing head (9) in insulation, in the two sectional type electrically heated rod (10) being together in series by scalable connection wire (8) one section with sclerosis conductive layer I(2) do conduction and be connected, another section and sclerosis conductive layer II(4) do to conduct electricity and be connected, the bottom surface of drawing head (9) and sclerosis conductive layer II(4) upper surface glue together mutually, corresponding being fixedly connected with of some stretch holes (12) that its lap of drawing head (9) is offered with imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5) lower surface, the upper surface of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5) is manufactured with the micro-scale of some high imitative sharks true to nature (11), on imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5), have some, regularly arranged through hole type epidermis bleeding micropore (13), sclerosis conductive layer II(4) on have some, regularly arranged and with the sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole (14) of the corresponding connection of epidermis bleeding micropore (13), sclerosis conductive layer I(2) on have some, regularly arranged sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole (15), supporting seat has some on (1), regularly arranged and with the supporting seat of the corresponding connection of sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole (15) through hole (16) of infusing, also comprise a drag reducer liquid-way system, described drag reducer liquid-way system comprises fluid reservoir (17), pipeline (18), check valve I(19), check valve II(20), fluid reservoir (17) for storage of water soluble drag-reducing agent using as slowly-releasing with the source of drag reducer, the check valve I(19 of some) be fixed on supporting seat (1) lower surface, its incoming flow end is communicated with fluid reservoir (17) by pipeline (18), it goes stream end to be communicated with drag reducer liquid level (6) via supporting seat transfusion through hole (16) and sclerosis conductive layer I transfusion through hole (15) successively, the check valve II(20 of some) be fixed on sclerosis conductive layer II(4) on lower surface, its incoming flow end is communicated with drag reducer liquid level (6), it goes stream end to be connected with imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5) external space via sclerosis conductive layer II transfusion through hole (14) and epidermis bleeding micropore (13) successively.
2. the bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: under state of nature, the thickness of drag reducer liquid level (6) is 3.0 mm～5.0 mm, sclerosis conductive layer I(2) and the conductive layer II(4 that hardens) thickness be 0.5 mm～0.8 mm, the thickness of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks skin covering of the surface (5) is 1.5 mm～2.0 mm, and the spacing between the artificial-muscle telescopic unit (3) that array is arranged is 15.0 mm～20.0 mm.
3. the bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in fluid reservoir (17) and drag reducer liquid level (6), the composition of water-soluble drag reducer is polyoxyethylene aqueous solution, and its mass percent concentration is 0.012 ‰～0.070 ‰.
4. the bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: making marmem artificial-muscle spring (7) marmem used is nickel titanium alloy, adnic, copper aluminum series alloy, the copper Zn based alloy with double-pass memory effect, and its transformetion range is 55 ℃～85 ℃.
5. the bionical sharkskin that utilizes marmem artificial-muscle slowly-releasing drag reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: while making marmem artificial-muscle spring (7), first being processed into during higher than its transition temperature in temperature is highly the short-thick type Compress Spring shape of 1.5 mm～2.5 mm, then is that to be deformed into be highly the asthenic Compress Spring shape of 3.0 mm～5.0 mm by its people during lower than transition temperature in temperature.
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| 韩鑫等: "大面积鲨鱼皮复制制备仿生减阻表面研究", 《科学通报》 * |
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