CN103886591A - Brain nuclei Granger causal analysis method based on RYGB surgery weight losing - Google Patents

Brain nuclei Granger causal analysis method based on RYGB surgery weight losing Download PDF

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CN103886591A
CN103886591A CN201410079441.5A CN201410079441A CN103886591A CN 103886591 A CN103886591 A CN 103886591A CN 201410079441 A CN201410079441 A CN 201410079441A CN 103886591 A CN103886591 A CN 103886591A
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张毅
刘菊
姚建亮
王婧
张管胜
田捷
刘一军
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Xidian University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a brain nuclei Granger causal analysis method based on RYGB surgery weight losing. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining functional magnetic resonance data in a resting state scanning mode, preprocessing the data, carrying out regional homogeneity analysis on the preprocessed data, defining regions of interest according to the difference area of the brain of an obese patient one month before and after surgery, carrying out Granger causal analysis, selecting two areas from selected regions of interest at random, extracting time sequences of the two areas, calculating a Granger causal value between the two areas by adopting a first-order autoregressive model, and carrying out normalization, wherein the step of preprocessing the data comprises the steps of time rectification, head moving rectification and space standardization. According to brain nuclei Granger causal analysis method based on the RYGB surgery weight losing, the RYGB surgery weight losing changes the functions of brain reward loops, brain cognitive loops and brain drive loops and the mutual cause and effect relation among the loops, the crapulent degree of the obesity patient is relieved, and iconography proofs are provided for development of central nervous system medicine.

Description

The method of a kind of Granger of group of the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction causality analysis
Technical field
The invention belongs to Medical Image Processing and analysis technical field, relate in particular to the method for a kind of Granger of group of the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction causality analysis.Can be used for the description of causation relation mutually between core group, thereby provide iconography evidence for maincenter medicament research and development.
Background technology
At present, countries in the world all face fat this global difficult problem, it is defined as disease by the World Health Organization (WHO), be the third-largest factor most threatening to human health after cardiovascular disease and cancer, global fat number has exceeded 400,000,000, and (account for total population 6%) and approximately 16 hundred million surpasses severe one (account for total population 24%), WHO prediction, overweight and 700,000,000 the overweight people of 2,300,000,000 adults will be had by 2015, and the end of the year 2008, China's obese people has broken through 9,000 ten thousand, and overweight number exceedes 200,000,000; 10 years China's populations of being obese of future will be considerably beyond 200,000,000, overweight population mainly contains exceeding the disease harm that 6.5 hundred million obesities bring: type ii diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, fatty liver, apoplexy, disease of digestive tract, osteoarthritis and cancer (colon and rectum carcinoma, breast cancer, the cancer of the uterus etc.), in addition, obesity has a strong impact on people's quality of life, social acceptance is reduced, income reduces, and psychological burden increases the weight of, and increases the burden of publilc health system; The cost causing because of obesity accounts for the 2%-10% of medical total expenses, shows for fat clinical treatment: weight reduction with drugs curative effect is undesirable, and with spinoff; And surgical treatment of obesity operation (stomach band bariatric surgery (AGB), oversleeve type stomach bariatric surgery (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)) has fat treatment and acts on for a long time and effectively, RYGB stomach bypass bariatric surgery is the important modus operandi for losing weight in recent years.
Document " Christopher N.Ochner, Yolande Kwok, MHSA, Allan Geliebter, et al.Selective reduction in neural responses to high calorie foods following gastric bypass surgery.J NIH Public Access " by RYGB lipposuction cross-reference, watch height, the contrast that low-calorie picture stimulates, after finding operation, the cerebral nucleus group relevant to award comprises ventral tegmental area (VTA), veutro corpus straitum (ventral striatum), the activity level of shell core (Putamen) raises, it is abnormal that the cerebral nucleus group relevant to cognition comprises that the activity of back of the body inner side prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and back of the body outside prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) occurs,
Document " Nora D.Volkow; Gene-Jack Wang and Ruben D.Baler.Reward; dopamine and the control of food intake_implications for obesity.Cell; 2011. " finds that obese patient is under food picture stimulates, ambitus cerebri region occurs extremely with the activity of awarding relevant cerebral nucleus group's corpus straitum (striatum), regulates the activity level of relevant cerebral nucleus group's amygdaloid nucleus (amygdala) and Reil's island (insula) to strengthen to emotional memory.
Existing research is all the cerebral function difference that task status (picture stimulation) gets off to study obese patient and normal person's cerebral function and RYGB lipposuction front and back, in nuclear magnetic resonance scanning process, tested food picture and the non-food picture watched, high calorie foods picture and low calorie food picture, but in fact, it is also ceaselessly to eat and drink immoderately that obese patient (does not have picture to stimulate) under quiescent condition, explanation thus, the physiological activity level of obese patient's health inherence changes (occurring abnormal), the angle that above-mentioned document just stimulates from task (picture) is studied, do not study from the physiology baseline values of obese patient self inherence, in addition, existing research is just stimulated and is found that cerebral nucleus group function there are differences by picture, not from cerebral function network (being loop) angle holistic approach, more do not carry out intensive research from the mutual causation relational angle between loop center group, but interactively between core group plays vital effect to explaining pathogenic mechanism and clinical treatment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of Granger of group of the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction method of causality analysis, is intended to solve the existing mutual causation relational angle lacking between loop center group and finds the problem that quiescent condition, cerebral nucleus group function there are differences.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that the method for a kind of Granger of group of the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction causality analysis, and the method for this cerebral nucleus Granger of group causality analysis comprises the following steps:
With tranquillization state scan pattern, obtain functional MRI data, according to time rectification, the moving rectification of head, Spatial normalization, data are carried out to pre-service, pretreated data are carried out to locally coherence analysis;
Define area-of-interest according to before obese patient RYGB operation and the brain difference section of postoperative month; Carry out again Granger causality analysis, from the area-of-interest of selecting, select arbitrarily two regions, extraction time sequence utilize single order autoregressive model to calculate Granger cause and effect value between the two, be normalized;
Specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1, carries out time rectification, the data after time rectification is carried out to the moving rectification of head, the correct data of moving after correcting according to the brain data that magnetic resonance tool is collected, and uses EPI template, and Spatial normalization carries out Data Preprocessing;
Step 2, according to the REST software based on MATLAB platform, carries out locally coherence analysis to the data after pre-service Spatial normalization; Adopt the analytical approach of locally coherence, find the preoperative difference section with postoperative one month cerebral function under tranquillization state of obese patient, and pick out the cerebral nucleus group relevant to diet obesity and be defined as area-of-interest and carry out ReHo methods analyst;
Step 3, according to selecting two regions from area-of-interest, extract the time series of these two region of interest, based on time-domain analysis, calculate Granger cause and effect value between two region of interest, the Granger cause and effect value calculating is normalized, chooses lower a pair of region of interest, repetitive operation until travel through all pairing area-of-interests, completes Granger causality analysis.
Further, described Spatial normalization comprises the following steps:
Step 1, utilizes the affined transformation the average image of 12 parameters to be registrated to MNI standard form the data after moving head rectification;
Step 2, is heavily cut to the voxel of 3mm x3mm x3mm, and MNI coordinate transform is arrived to Talairach coordinate system.
Further, described area-of-interest analysis comprises the following steps:
Step 1, goes linear drift processing to pretreated data;
Step 2, carries out the bandpass filtering that frequency range is 0.01Hz~0.08Hz, removes the impact of low frequency wonder and high frequency noise.
Further, choosing of described area-of-interest, carry out as follows:
Step 1, locally coherence analysis obtains Kendall's coefficient value;
Step 2, carries out the two sample t inspection based on voxel, obtains the difference section of preoperative and postoperative one month KCC value of obese patient;
Step 3, selects the region fat relevant to diet, is defined as region of interest.
Further, the calculating of Granger cause and effect value between described step two region of interest, carry out as follows:
Step 1, utilizes single order autoregressive model, calculates the Granger cause and effect value between two area-of-interests from time domain;
Step 2, calculates the Granger value F of region of interest X (t) to region of interest Y (t) x->y;
Step 3, calculates the Granger value F of region of interest Y (t) to region of interest X (t) y->x.
Further, between described two region of interest, the normalization of Granger cause and effect value is calculated, and carries out as follows:
Step 1, calculates F x->yand F y->xdifference, investigate the cause-effect relationship of two area-of-interests by difference;
Step 2, traverses each voxel by the difference result obtaining, and obtains difference Granger cause-and-effect diagram.
The method of the Granger of group of the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction provided by the invention causality analysis, through data pre-service and group comparative analysis, find obese patient preoperative and postoperative one month, under quiescent condition (being physiology baseline), the difference section of cerebral function; Based on these regions, utilize the method for this valid contiguity of Granger cause and effect again, portray the causation relation between difference core group, thereby search out target spot;
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages of as follows:
1, with the imaging mode of tranquillization state, start with from obese patient's physiology baseline values, can reflect the change of the inherent brain physiological activity of patient body;
2, utilize the method for Granger cause and effect valid contiguity, portray the causation relation between difference core group, thereby provide methodology and iconography evidence for finding the target spot that causes a disease, to explaining that pathogenesis and clinical treatment play vital effect;
3, be that fat clinical treatment has found target spot by the analytical approach of Granger cause and effect valid contiguity, iconography evidence is provided, obtained good result.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cerebral nucleus Granger of the group causality analysis schematic diagram that the present invention is based on RYGB lipposuction;
Fig. 2 is ReHo methods analyst and Granger causality analysis sub-process figure in the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction of the embodiment of the present invention Granger of group causality analysis comprises the following steps:
With tranquillization state scan pattern, obtain functional MRI data, according to time rectification, the moving rectification of head, Spatial normalization, data are carried out to pre-service, pretreated data are carried out to locally coherence analysis;
Define area-of-interest according to before obese patient RYGB operation and the brain difference section of postoperative month; Then carry out Granger causality analysis, from the area-of-interest of selecting, select arbitrarily two regions, extraction time sequence utilize single order autoregressive model to calculate Granger cause and effect value between the two, be normalized.
The present invention finds that lipposuction has changed the mutual causation relation between function and the loop in brain reward circuit and cognition, driving loop, thereby has alleviated the crapulent degree of obese patient, for the research and development of maincenter medicine provide iconography evidence.
The present invention will adopt functional mri (fMRI) method, intervention means and fat correlation model by this advanced person of stomach bypass bariatric surgery (RYGB) launch research, adopt tranquillization state imaging mode, preoperative and postoperative one month quiescent condition by comparison obese patient, before and after research lipposuction, obese patient's reward circuit changes and brain reward circuit and cognition for the brain function of food award, the interactively that relevant core in driving loop is rolled into a ball regulatory function changes, set up stomach bypass bariatric surgery for brain reward circuit and cognition, drive the causation model in loop,
The present invention utilizes the tranquillization state imaging pattern of functional MRI, understands the variation of RYGB lipposuction front and back cerebral nucleus group function by the analytical approach of Granger cause and effect valid contiguity, and what time following main discovery is:
(1) find to accept after RYGB operation, obese patient's cerebral nucleus group's back of the body inner side prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) reduces the function connection degree of reward circuit, DMPFC is the important component part in the cognitive loop of brain, is mainly responsible for cognitive control, and diet control is had to vital role.DMPFC can promote the stomach and intestine satiety of ingesting later, thereby reduces the picked-up of food.Before operation, because the function of obese patient's reward circuit reduces, in order to suppress diet, DMPFC intervenes regulating action to reward circuit to be increased.After operation, DMPFC reduces the function connection degree of reward circuit, illustrates that RYGB operation makes obese patient's reward circuit increased functionality, and satisfaction increases, and diet reduces, thereby DMPFC regulates and reduces the intervention of reward circuit.
(2) find to accept after RYGB operation, obese patient's cerebral nucleus group's orbitfrontal cortex (OFC) strengthens with the function degree of connection of caudate nucleus (Caudate).OFC is the part in brain frontal cortex region, is responsible for driving effect in brain, belongs to a part that drives loop.Obese patient's reward circuit occurs abnormal, and under identical diet control condition, obesity patient is because the level of reward circuit activity is lower, is not easy to reach to meet state, and therefore food ration increases, and finally causes fat.OFC raises after operation to the driving force of Caudate, thereby the physiological mechanism that obese patient is described is regulated after operation, along with the reduction of body weight, drive loop to strengthen for the facilitation of reward circuit, make the increased activity of reward circuit under quiescent condition, this can make obese patient relatively easily reach and meet state after ingesting, and then can reduce the intake of food, control and reduction that this is all conducive to body weight, finally reached the Expected Results of performing the operation.
In conjunction with concrete steps of the present invention, the present invention is described further:
One, the Data Preprocessing stage:
The first step, the data that magnetic resonance tool is collected are carried out time difference rectification, and it is exactly the difference of correcting in 1 volume acquisition time between layers that time difference is corrected, and then ensures between each layer it is all to obtain from the identical time;
Second step, because magnetic resonance imaging duration of experiment is long, the head movement that the tested physiologic factor such as breathing, blood flow pulsation causes is unavoidable, so the data that the time corrected are carried out to the moving rectification of head, namely each two field picture of a sequence is all carried out to registration with the first two field picture of this sequence, be registrated under the same coordinate system, moving to correct head, and then data after correct moving rectification carry out hand inspection, just get rid of, will not analyze if translation and rotation exceed respectively 1mm and 1 °;
The 3rd step, the data after the moving rectification of head are carried out Spatial normalization, exist multiple tested in experiment, there is certain difference in the brain shape between tested and tested, for follow-up statistical study, must carry out the normalization of brain shape, tested brain registration is normalized in the brain template of standard; Specifically comprise:
Step 1, utilizes the affined transformation the average image of 12 parameters to be registrated to MNI standard form the data after moving head alignment;
Step 2, is heavily cut to the voxel of 3mm x3mm x3mm, and MNI (Montreal Neurological Institute) coordinate transform is arrived to Talairach coordinate system;
Two, as shown in Figure 2, the step of ReHo method of the present invention and Granger causality analysis is as follows:
The ReHo methods analyst stage:
The first step, the REST software based on MATLAB platform, carries out locally coherence (ReHo) analyzing and processing, specifically comprises:
Step 1, processes data later to Spatial normalization and goes linear drift processing;
Step 2, then carry out the bandpass filtering that frequency range is 0.01Hz~0.08Hz, remove the impact of low frequency wonder and high frequency noise;
Second step, adopts locally coherence analysis, find the difference section of preoperative and postoperative one month cerebral function under tranquillization state of adiposis patient, and the region of selecting responsible diet obesity is as area-of-interest, specifically comprises:
Step 1, first obtain KCC value with the locally coherence analytical calculation of oscillating signal, concrete principle is referring to document " Zang YF, He Y, Zhu CZ; Cao QJ; Sui MQ, Liang M, Tian LX; Jiang TZ, Wang YF.2007.Altered baseline brain activity in children with ADHD revealed by resting-state functional MRI.Brain Dev29 (2): 83-91 ";
Step 2, on SPM5 software platform, carries out the two sample t-inspection based on voxel, relatively the difference of preoperative and postoperative one month KCC value of obese patient;
Step 3, from having the region of significant difference, chooses the region of being responsible for diet obesity as area-of-interest;
Three, the Granger causality analysis stage:
The first step, in the area-of-interest of picking out, proposed two (X and Y) region of interest and partners from the locally coherence analysis phase;
Second step, extracts the time series of these two region of interest, as X (t), Y (t);
The 3rd step, utilizes single order autoregressive model, calculates the Granger cause and effect value between these two region of interest time serieses from time domain; Specifically comprise:
Step 1, Granger cause and effect value has reflected the directive strength of joint of tool between two area-of-interests;
Step 2, calculates the Granger value F of region of interest X (t) to region of interest Y (t) x → y;
Step 3, calculates the Granger value F of region of interest Y (t) to region of interest X (t) y → x;
The 4th step, between two region of interest, Granger cause and effect value is normalized, shown in following formula: R x → y=(F x → y-F y → x)/(F x → y+ F y → x); R represents the numerical value after normalization, F x->yrepresent the Granger cause and effect value of x to y; F y->xrepresent the Granger cause and effect value of y to x;
The 5th step, then extract lower a pair of region of interest and repeat the first step-tetra-steps above, until travel through the area-of-interest of all pairings, finally draws interactional Granger cause-effect relationship between preoperative and postoperative one month cerebral nucleus group of obese patient;
The present invention has realized the cerebral nucleus Granger of the group causality analysis method based on RYGB lipposuction, discovery is accepted after RYGB operation, orbitfrontal cortex strengthens the function connection degree of reward circuit, DLPFC(back of the body inner side prefrontal cortex) the function connection degree of reward circuit is reduced, for fat clinical treatment has found target spot, iconography evidence is provided, has obtained good achievement, to prove that the method is feasible.
The present invention will adopt functional mri (fMRI) method, launch research by this advanced person's of stomach bypass bariatric surgery (RYGB) intervention means and fat correlation model.Adopt tranquillization state imaging mode, preoperative and postoperative one month quiescent condition by comparison obese patient, before and after research lipposuction obese patient reward circuit change for the brain function of food award and brain reward circuit and cognitive, drive the interactively of the relevant core group regulatory function in loop to change, set up stomach bypass bariatric surgery for brain reward circuit and causation model cognitive, that drive loop.This research will effectively be set up RYGB bariatric surgery for obese patient's brain reward circuit and causation relational model cognitive, that drive loop, thereby further disclose the effects on neural system mechanism of lipposuction, support with theoretical for the research and development of corresponding treatment measure improvement and newtype drug (for maincenter control loop) provide clinical practice.
Abbreviated list:
RYGB:Roux En Y Gastric Bypass gastric bypass operation
ReHo:Regional Homogeneity locally coherence
KCC:Kendall's coefficient concordance Kendall coefficient of concordance
MATLAB:Matrix Lab matrix experiment chamber
The mapping of SPM5:Statistic Parameter Mapping5 statistical parameter
REST:Resting-State Statistic Toolkit tranquillization state analysis software package
VAR:Vector Auto-regress model vector autoregressive model
MNI:Montreal Neurological Institute Montreal neurology research institute
DMPFC:Dorsal Medial Prefrontal Cortex back of the body inner side prefrontal cortex
OFC:orbital frontal cortex volume socket of the eye leaf cortex.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a method for the Granger of group of the cerebral nucleus based on RYGB lipposuction causality analysis, is characterized in that, the method for this cerebral nucleus Granger of group causality analysis comprises the following steps:
With tranquillization state scan pattern, obtain functional MRI data, according to time rectification, the moving rectification of head, Spatial normalization, data are carried out to pre-service, pretreated data are carried out to locally coherence analysis;
According to defining area-of-interest with the difference section of postoperative one month brain before obese patient RYGB operation; Carry out again Granger causality analysis, from the area-of-interest of selecting, select arbitrarily two regions, extraction time sequence utilize single order autoregressive model to calculate Granger cause and effect value between the two, be normalized;
Specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1, carries out time rectification, the data after time rectification is carried out to the moving rectification of head, the correct data of moving after correcting according to the brain data that magnetic resonance tool is collected, and uses EPI template, and Spatial normalization carries out Data Preprocessing;
Step 2, according to the REST software based on MATLAB platform, carries out locally coherence analysis to the data after pre-service Spatial normalization; Adopt the analytical approach of locally coherence, find the preoperative difference section with postoperative one month cerebral function under tranquillization state of obese patient, and pick out the cerebral nucleus group relevant to diet obesity and be defined as area-of-interest and carry out ReHo methods analyst;
Step 3, according to selecting two regions from area-of-interest, extract the time series of these two region of interest, based on time-domain analysis, calculate Granger cause and effect value between two region of interest, the Granger cause and effect value calculating is normalized, chooses lower a pair of region of interest, repetitive operation until travel through all pairing area-of-interests, completes Granger causality analysis.
2. the method for the cerebral nucleus Granger of group as claimed in claim 1 causality analysis, is characterized in that, in described step 1, Spatial normalization comprises the following steps:
Utilize the affined transformation the average image of 12 parameters to be registrated to MNI standard form the data after moving head rectification;
Heavily be cut to the voxel of 3mm x3mm x3mm, and MNI coordinate transform is arrived to Talairach coordinate system.
3. the method for the cerebral nucleus Granger of group as claimed in claim 1 causality analysis, is characterized in that, in described step 2, area-of-interest analysis comprises the following steps:
Pretreated data are gone to linear drift processing;
Carry out the bandpass filtering that frequency range is 0.01Hz~0.08Hz, remove the impact of low frequency wonder and high frequency noise.
4. the method for the cerebral nucleus as claimed in claim 1 Granger of group causality analysis, is characterized in that, the choosing of area-of-interest in described step 2 carried out as follows:
Locally coherence analysis obtains Kendall's coefficient value (KCC);
Carry out the two sample t inspection based on voxel, obtain the difference section of preoperative and postoperative one month KCC value of obese patient;
Select the region fat relevant to diet, be defined as region of interest.
5. the method for the cerebral nucleus Granger of group as claimed in claim 1 causality analysis, is characterized in that the calculating of Granger cause and effect value between two region of interest in described step 3 is carried out as follows:
Utilize single order autoregressive model, calculate the Granger cause and effect value between two area-of-interests from time domain;
Calculate the Granger value F of region of interest X (t) to region of interest Y (t) x->y;
Calculate the Granger value F of region of interest Y (t) to region of interest X (t) y->x.
6. the method for the cerebral nucleus Granger of group as claimed in claim 1 causality analysis, is characterized in that the calculating of Granger cause and effect value between two region of interest in described step 3 is carried out as follows:
Calculate F x->yand F y->xdifference, investigate the cause-effect relationship of two area-of-interests by difference;
The difference result obtaining is traversed to each voxel, obtain difference Granger cause-and-effect diagram.
CN201410079441.5A 2014-03-06 2014-03-06 Brain nuclei Granger causal analysis method based on RYGB surgery weight losing Pending CN103886591A (en)

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Application publication date: 20140625