CN1049287A - 治疗导管 - Google Patents
治疗导管 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1049287A CN1049287A CN89106674A CN89106674A CN1049287A CN 1049287 A CN1049287 A CN 1049287A CN 89106674 A CN89106674 A CN 89106674A CN 89106674 A CN89106674 A CN 89106674A CN 1049287 A CN1049287 A CN 1049287A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
- A61B5/062—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using magnetic field
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
- G01V3/104—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils
- G01V3/105—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils forming directly coupled primary and secondary coils or loops
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2051—Electromagnetic tracking systems
Abstract
一种治疗导管,在其末端附近装有一旋转刀片,
旋转刀片部分伸出导管,该导管包括一条用于发射激
光束的光导纤维,它通向所述导管的末端。
Description
本发明一般涉及治疗导管,更具体地说,涉及一种适用于切除和治疗活体脉管(如血管、输卵管、输尿管等)中患病部分的治疗导管。
在已知的治疗导管中,在导管的未端附近装有一旋转刀片,刀片可由导管中伸出,以便借助该旋转刀片将血管等中的变窄部分切除。
在使用已有治疗导管进行治疗过程中,首先将导管的未端导入血管的狭窄部位,然后,借助导管的未端使狭窄部分扩张而通过该狭窄部分。此时,用装在导管未端稍靠后处的旋转刀片将狭窄部位的变厚部分予以切除,这样,该狭窄部位的病况就得以缓解。然而,为了用已有的治疗导管完成上述的治疗目的,导管的未端必须被推进通过该狭窄部位。因此,就出现了这样的问题:当血管被变厚的部分紧密地堵塞以致于形成血管的所谓梗阻部分时,现有的治疗导管就不再适用。
此处,已知的治疗导管还有这样的不便之处:由于切除下来的组织积存在导管中,需要时就要把导管抽出活体外,然后,当需要进一步治疗时,在将积存的组织从导管中清除后,再把导管插入活体中。
同时,还有用另外一种治疗导管进行治疗的,这时,堵塞血管的病体组织完全是靠从导管未端射出的激光束进行照射使其蒸发而除去的。但是,这种已知的导管有这样的缺点:由于患病组织仅靠本身的蒸发而被除去,因此在用激光束照射后,碳化的物质极可能留在患病组织处,从而使血栓很容易重新附着在碳化物质上,这样又会使血管再次堵塞。
因此,为了克服上述通常的治疗导管所有的不方便的缺点,本发明的基本目的是提供这样一种治疗导管,它能够方便地除去血管等脉管中全部堵塞部分的病体组织,同时又不会出现因血栓附着在病体组织上而造成的血管堵塞,从而达到治疗目的。
为了达到本发明的该目的,提出了本发明治疗导管的第一个实施例:在导管未端附近,装设了一旋转刀片,该刀片部分伸出导管外,所述导管包括一发射激光束的光导纤维,该光导纤维被引至导管的未端。
由于本发明治疗导管的上述安排,完全堵塞部分的一部分可通过由来自光纤的激光束的照射造成的该部分的蒸发而除去,因此在完全堵塞部分处可形成一条能让导管未端穿过的缝隙通道。这样,导管未端就能穿过完全堵塞部分中形成的该缝隙。在导管未端穿过该缝隙以后,患病组织以及由激光对其照射而患病组织处产生的碳化物质就能被旋转的刀片切除掉。
同时,在本发明治疗导管的第二个实施例中,在用于将切除的组织储存到导管中的空穴内,还设置了一条发射激光束的光导纤维。所述空穴设置在导管未端的内部。这样,在需要时就可用从该光纤发射的激光束照射使之蒸发而除去储存在空穴中的组织。因此,从活体中抽出导管以便除去储存在导管中的组织这一操作步骤就不需要了。
从下面参照附图,结合本发明的最佳实施例的描述,可进一步了解本发明的上述目的和特征,附图中:
图1是本发明治疗导管的第一个实施例的纵向剖面图;
图2a至图2d是说明采用图1所示导管的治疗步骤的解释图;以及
图3是类似于图1的剖面图,着重描述出本发明的第二个实施例。
现参看附图。图1示出本发明治疗导管1的第一个实施例。
导管1呈流线型,因此当其未端1a推入狭窄部位等处时能较容易地使狭窄部位等扩张。导管1未端1a的后部切掉一段,形成一窗口7,窗口7在导管1的轴向有一预定的长度。在窗口7处设置了一可转动地安装在驱动轴3上的旋转刀片2,刀片2局部伸出窗口7之外。并沿轴向可以移动,这样当它以箭头a方向转动的同时可朝末端1a移动。
另外,作为本发明的一个特征元件,在导管1中还装有一条用于发射激光的光导纤维4。光纤4的未端4a设置成向前伸出导管1的未端1a之外或与其取齐。任何能发出所需要的能量以通过病体组织的蒸发而除去该组织的光纤都可用作光导纤维4。但是,作为光纤4的一个实例可使用这样一种光导纤维:它至少有一条由石英(例如由纯石英和其中掺杂有锗(Ge)的石英)做成的芯线,而其外包覆层由诸如石英、玻璃、塑料等材料制成,这种光导纤维不仅有很高的断裂强度,而且也便于使用。同时,只要能造成病体组织蒸发而使其除去的任何激光,例如激元激光(excimer laser)、YAG激光、氩离子激光等,均可用于光导纤维4。
以下参照图2a到2d对使用导管1进行治疗的步骤进行描述。如图2a所示,开始,将导管1的未端1a导向血管6的堵塞部分5。然后,如图2b所示,将导管1的未端1a压向该堵塞部分5。这时用来自光纤4未端4a的激光束照射堵塞部分5。过一会儿,在堵塞部分5的一部分病体组织被照射到其上的激光束除去时,导管1就向前推进,以将堵塞部分5扩张,这样导管1就穿过整个堵塞部分5。
这一治疗方案使得当导管1的未端1a已经穿过堵塞部分5时,堵塞部分5的一部分较厚的病体组织被挤入窗口7。接着,旋转刀片2旋转着朝前向着导管1的未端1a移动。因此,堵塞部分5的这一部分就被旋转的刀片2切除,结果导管1就像图2C那样穿过堵塞部分5。然后如图2d所示,被切除的病体组织就被收集储存在导管1的未端部分中。以后,为了变换窗口7相对于堵塞部分5的位置,可将导管1转过一个预定的角度,再重复上述的操作过程。
因此,通过使用上述方案的治疗导管1,堵塞血管6的堵塞部分5的一部分通过其蒸发可被完全除去,这样便可在堵塞部分5形成一条可让导管1的未端1a通过的缝隙通道。随后,在导管1的未端1a穿过堵塞部分5的缝隙之后,病体组织以及由激光对其照射而在病体部位产生的碳化物质可用旋转的刀片2切除。
图3示出本发明治疗导管的第二个实施例治疗导管1’。在导管1’中,一条用于发射激光束的光导纤维8配置在供储存被切除组织用的空穴9内,该空穴位于导管1’的未端1a内。由于导管1’的其它结构与导管1的相似,为节省篇幅起起见不再赘述。通过使用光导纤维8,必要时就可由光导纤维8对储存在空穴9中的被切除组织照射激光束使之蒸发而将其除去。
由前面叙述可清楚知道,在本发明导管的第一个实施例中,由于对完全堵塞的部分进行激光照射,在完全堵塞部分处可形成一条可让导管的未端穿过的缝隙通道。然后,病体组织和留在病体部位的碳化物质可用旋转的刀片切除。因此,依照本发明,完全堵塞部分的病体组织可以很容易地被除去,因而可以进行不会有由于血栓的附着而造成的血管等的再次堵塞的情况的治疗。
再有,依据本发明,由于在导管未端内的空穴中还配置了另一条发射激光束的光导纤维,必要时可通过由这另一条光纤发射的激光束对在空穴中的被切除的组织进行照射使之蒸发而将其除去。因此有可能连续地进行治疗而不必由活体中抽出导管以便清除积存在导管中的被切除的组织。
虽然参照附图以举例的方式对本发明作了充分的阐述,然而应注意,对于本专业的技术的人员来说,显然可作出各种变换和改型。因此,除非这种变换和改型已超出本发明的范畴,否则都应视为本发明范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗导管,在其未端附近装有一旋转刀片,该旋转刀片部分伸出所述导管,其特征在于,所述导管还包括:
一条用于发射激光束的光导纤维,它通向所述导管的末端。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗导管,其特征在于,活体脉管的狭窄部分的一部分是通过来自所述光导纤维的激光束对其照射使之蒸发而除去的,从而在该狭窄部分形成一条可让所述导管的未端穿过的缝隙通道。
3.如权利要求1所述的治疗导管,其特征在于,活体脉管的狭窄部分的组织是用所述旋转刀片切除的,并且被储存在设置在所述导管末端内的空穴中,且所述导管还包括;
另一条发射激光束的光导纤维,它配置在所述空穴中,从而通过来自该另一条光导纤维的激光束对储存在空穴中的组织进行照射使之蒸发而将其除去。
4.如权利要求2所述的治疗导管,其特征在于,所述狭窄部分的组织是用所述旋转刀片切除的,并且被存储除在设置在所述导管末端内的一空穴中,所述导管还包括:
另一条发射激光光束的光导纤维,它配置在所述空穴中,从而通过来自的该另一条光导纤维的激光束对储存在空穴的组织进行照射使之蒸发而将其除去。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AUPJ433789 | 1989-05-24 |
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CN1049287A true CN1049287A (zh) | 1991-02-20 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN89106674A Pending CN1049287A (zh) | 1989-05-24 | 1989-08-05 | 治疗导管 |
CN90103075A Pending CN1049288A (zh) | 1989-05-24 | 1990-05-24 | 医疗器械的定位装置 |
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CN90103075A Pending CN1049288A (zh) | 1989-05-24 | 1990-05-24 | 医疗器械的定位装置 |
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EP (1) | EP0399536A1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1049287A (zh) |
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CN104368077B (zh) * | 2014-11-14 | 2018-03-02 | 曹广信 | 三腔球囊导管 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US5099845A (en) | 1992-03-31 |
CN1049288A (zh) | 1991-02-20 |
EP0399536A1 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
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