CN105555243A - 带有通道和信号的吸收制品 - Google Patents
带有通道和信号的吸收制品 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/513—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability
- A61F13/51394—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability creating a visual effect, e.g. having a printed or coloured topsheet, printed or coloured sub-layer but being visible from the topsheet, other than embossing for purposes of bonding, wicking, acquisition, leakage-prevention
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/535—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/512—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/535—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes
- A61F13/536—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes having discontinuous areas of compression
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53743—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers
- A61F13/53747—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers the layer is facing the topsheet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
Abstract
一种吸收制品,其具有顶片、底片、设置在顶片和底片之间的吸收芯(带有通道)、和设置在顶片和吸收芯之间(使得印刷粘合剂层通过顶片可见)的印刷粘合剂层。至少一部分粘合剂层形成一对或多对轮廓线的图案,轮廓线的长度方向沿吸收制品的纵向延伸,每对轮廓线相对于吸收制品的轴线对称,该轴线沿吸收制品纵向延伸并且位于它的宽度中心。在最内端的轮廓线对之间的距离为约15mm至约25mm,或者包括印刷粘合剂层的粘合剂的量使得粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比为约15%至约30%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及带有通道芯和印刷信号的吸收制品。
背景技术
用于接收和保持身体排出物如尿液和粪便的吸收制品已为本领域的人们所熟知。这些制品的示例包括一次性尿布、训练裤、和成人失禁制品。通常一次性尿布包括面向穿着者身体的液体可渗透的顶片、面向穿着者衣服的液体不可渗透的底片和置于底片和液体可渗透的顶片之间的吸收芯。
一次性吸收制品的重要组件为吸收芯/吸收结构。吸收芯/结构通常包括超吸收聚合物材料诸如水凝胶形成聚合物材料,其也被称为吸收胶凝材料AGM或超吸收聚合物SAP。这种超吸收聚合物材料确保在其使用期间大量的体液例如尿液能够被吸收制品吸收并且被锁藏,由此提供低回渗效果和良好的皮肤干燥性。
传统上,超吸收聚合物材料与浆液(即,纤维素纤维)一起掺入吸收芯结构中。为了使吸收芯结构更薄,已经建议减少或去除吸收芯结构中的这些纤维素纤维。
然而,发现一些具有减少的纤维素纤维含量的吸收芯结构虽然当未吸收体液时非常薄,但是当部分吸收体液或吸收饱和时可能具有提高的刚度,尤其是在吸收制品的那些具有最大吸收能力的区域如尿布的前区和裆区更是如此。已发现,通过提供不含超吸收聚合物颗粒或不含超吸收聚合物材料的特定永久性通道,获得改善的液体传送,并且从而获得更快的采集,以及整个吸收结构更高效的液体吸收;即使使用更少的吸收材料,可获得改善的性能。通过利用粘合剂固定吸收材料或通道,通道变得更永久,并且在使用吸收结构期间保持通道,例如当施加摩擦于吸收结构时,或者当润湿吸收结构并且吸收材料膨胀时。此外,已发现通过提供此类通道,例如在吸收芯/结构的前区、和/或在吸收芯/结构的裆区提供此类通道,可提供具有增强的柔韧性的尿布,同时在其整个使用期间保持它的性能。
因为改变了吸收芯的功能性以改善例如吸收性、贴合性、或减少成本,过程能力和/或性能和/或可能受到负面影响的制品的外观。已作出努力来改进制品或其部分以便为它们提供特定外观。在一些示例中,可改进制品以通信或呈现信号给护理人员,告知他们通道存在于制品的吸收芯中,并且通道在那里产生更快和更高效的液体吸收性。此种信号传递或通信可例如经由外部图形和/或内部印刷的粘合剂进行。
由于过程能力、技术产品性能、和成功的消费者通信的共同作用,理解这三个因素的相互作用对于设计合理平衡的产品是重要的。当以获得最佳的消费者通信的方式运行该过程时,可能引起对产品技术性能的负面影响。当进行最佳的消费者通信设计和正确的技术产品设计时,可能导致过程能力不足。优化的过程和产品设计组合可能无法递送消费者通信中的最佳效果。同样地,需要改善的吸收制品,其具有带有通道的吸收芯,表现出优异的过程能力、技术产品性能、并且具有成功的消费者通信。
发明内容
本发明涉及吸收制品,其具有顶片、底片、设置在顶片和底片之间的吸收芯(带有通道)、和设置在顶片和吸收芯之间(使得印刷粘合剂层通过顶片可见)的印刷粘合剂层。至少一部分粘合剂层形成一对或多对轮廓线的图案,轮廓线的长度方向沿吸收制品的纵向延伸,每对轮廓线相对于吸收制品的轴线对称,该轴线沿吸收制品纵向延伸并且位于它的宽度中心。在最内端的轮廓线对之间的距离为约15mm至约25mm,或者包括印刷粘合剂层的粘合剂的量使得粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比为约15%至约30%。
附图说明
图1示出根据一个非限制性实施例的尿布的平面图。
图2示出根据一个非限制性实施例的吸收结构的透视图。
图3示出根据一个非限制性实施例的吸收芯的剖视图。
图4a和4b示出印刷粘合剂图案的非限制性实施例的顶视图。
图5a和5b示出印刷粘合剂图案的非限制性实施例的顶视图。
图6a和6b示出本发明的印刷粘合剂图案的非限制性实施例的顶视图。
图7a和7b示出印刷粘合剂图案的非限制性实施例的顶视图。
具体实施方式
定义
“吸收制品”是指吸收和容纳身体流出物的装置,更具体地讲是指与穿着者的身体紧贴或邻近放置以用于吸收和容纳由身体排放的各种流出物的装置。吸收制品可包括成人和婴儿尿布,包括裤诸如婴儿训练裤和成人失禁内衣、和女性卫生制品诸如卫生巾和卫生护垫和成人失禁护垫、以及胸垫、护理垫、围兜、伤口敷料产品等。吸收制品还可包括地板清洁制品、食品工业制品等。如本文所用,术语“体液”或“身体流出物”包括但不限于尿液、血液、阴道分泌物、乳汁、汗液和粪便。
如本文所用,“尿布”是指旨在紧靠穿着者皮肤放置以吸收和容纳从身体排出的各种流出物的装置。“尿布”一般由婴儿和失禁人员围绕下体穿着,以环绕穿着者的腰部和腿部。尿布的例子包括婴儿或成人尿布以及类似裤的尿布,诸如训练裤。如本文所用,“训练裤”是指为婴儿或成人穿着者设计的具有腰部开口和腿部开口的一次性衣服。通过将穿着者的腿伸入腿部开口并将裤拉到围绕穿着者下体的适当位置可将裤穿到使用者身上。裤可使用任何适宜的方法来预成形,包括但不限于利用可重复紧固的和/或不可重复紧固的粘结(例如,缝合、焊接、粘合剂、内聚粘结、紧固件等)将制品的各部分接合在一起。裤可在沿该制品周边的任何位置预成形(例如,侧紧固、前腰区紧固)。
本文使用“一次性的”来描述一般不打算被洗涤,或换句话讲一般不打算恢复或重新使用的制品(即它们在单次使用后即被丢弃,并且可被回收再循环、堆肥处理或以环境相容的方式处理)。
如本文所用,“吸收结构”是指可用于吸收和容纳液体诸如尿液的三维结构。吸收结构可为吸收制品的吸收结构,或者可仅为吸收制品的吸收芯的一部分,即吸收芯的吸收组件,如将在本文进一步描述。
如本文所用,“超吸收聚合物材料”是指基本上水不溶性的聚合物材料,其能够吸收如使用离心保留容量测试(Edana441.2-01)所测量的,至少10倍(并且通常至少15倍或至少20倍)于其重量的0.9%盐水的去离子水溶液。
如本文所用,“非织造材料”是指由定向或任意取向的纤维制成的纤维网,不包括纸材和掺入接结纱或长丝的织造产品、针织产品、簇成产品、缝编产品、或通过湿磨法毡化的产品,无论是否另外针刺。非织造材料以及用于制造它们的方法是本领域中已知的。一般来讲,制备非织造材料的工艺包括在成型表面上铺设纤维,包括纺丝法、熔喷法、粗梳法、气铺法、湿铺法、棵纺法以及它们的组合。这些纤维可源于天然的或人造的纤维,并且可为人造短纤维或连续长丝或可原位形成。
如本文所用,“可见的”是指能够由人眼在无辅助条件下感知。
本发明提供带有吸收芯的吸收制品,该吸收芯具有通道和与通道通信的印刷信号,例如如提交于2013年11月12日的USSN14/077,355(代理人案卷号12661MQ)所公开的那些。此外,本发明提供带有吸收芯的吸收制品,该吸收芯具有通道和与通道通信的印刷信号。本发明涉及带有通道的吸收制品,其公开于美国专利申请13/491,642、13/491,643、13/491,644、和13/491,648中,它们均提交于2011年6月10日。
本文的吸收结构(13)包括支撑片(16),其带有吸收材料(50)的吸收层(17)。吸收材料(50)包括至少一种超吸收聚合物材料和任选的一种纤维素材料如纤维素,例如浆液或改性纤维素。
吸收结构(13)也包括一种或多种粘合剂材料,如下文进一步描述。吸收层(17)是三维的并且包括第一基本上纵向的通道(26)和第二基本上纵向的通道(26),它们基本上不含所述超吸收聚合物材料。其它材料可存在于所述通道(26)中,这在下文中进一步描述,例如所述一种或多种粘合剂材料(40;60)。
吸收结构(13)和吸收层(17)各自具有纵向尺寸和例如在结构或层的纵向尺寸上延伸的平均长度L,并且具有横向尺寸和例如在结构或层的横向尺寸上延伸的平均宽度W。吸收结构(13)和吸收层(17)各自具有使用时朝向使用者前面的前区、使用时朝向使用者后面的后区、以及它们之间的裆区,它们各自延伸结构/层的整个横向宽度,并且各自具有1/3的结构/层平均长度。
吸收结构(13)和吸收层(17)各自具有中心纵向轴线X、垂直于所述中心纵向轴线X的中心横向轴线Y;所述吸收层(17)和所述吸收结构(13)各自具有在结构或层的纵向尺寸上延伸的一对相对纵向侧边缘和一对相对的横向边缘(19),例如在使用时朝着使用者(穿着者)的前面的前横向边缘、和在使用时朝着使用者的后面的后横向边缘。吸收结构(13)或吸收层(17)的纵向侧边缘(18)和/或横向边缘(19)可分别平行于中心纵向轴线和/或中心横向轴线,或者一个或多个可为曲线,并且例如提供裆区中的较窄横向尺寸。通常纵向侧边缘在纵向X-轴线上是彼此的镜像。
吸收层(17)的中心纵向X-轴线分别界定吸收层(17)的第一和第二纵向侧部分(20),本文称为纵向侧部分(20)。因此所述纵向侧部分各自存在于所述前区、裆区和后区中,并且从而存在第一纵向部分的前区、以及第二纵向部分的前区等等。在本文一些实施例中,吸收层(17)的所述纵向部分是在层的X-轴线中的彼此的镜像。
吸收层(17)包括至少第一通道(26)和第二通道(26),它们基本上不含(例如不含)所述超吸收聚合物颗粒,所述通道(26)延伸穿过吸收层(17)的厚度(高度)。应当理解,在通道中偶然地可存在小至可忽略不计量的超吸收聚合物颗粒,其不影响总体功能。当吸收层(17)包括纤维质或纤维素时,在一些实施例中,所述第一和第二通道(26)也不含此类纤维质/纤维素材料。
第一通道(26)存在于吸收层(17)的所述第一纵向侧部分,并且第二通道(26)存在于吸收层(17)的所述第二纵向侧部分。
第一和第二通道(26)各自基本上纵向延伸,这意味着通常每个通道(26)在纵向尺寸上比在横向尺寸上延伸更多,并且通常在纵向尺寸上的延伸至少两倍于在横向尺寸上的延伸。
因此,这包括通道(26),它是完全纵向的并且平行于所述吸收层(17)的纵向(即,平行于所述纵向轴线);并且这包括通道(26),它可为弯曲的,前提条件是曲率半径通常至少等于吸收层的横向尺寸(任选地至少1.5或至少2.0倍于这一平均横向尺寸);并且这包括通道(26),它是直的,但是与平行于纵向轴线的线成一角度,(例如从5°)至最多30°,或例如最多20°,或最多10°。这还可包括其中具有角度的通道,前提条件是位于槽的两部分之间的所述角度为至少120°,至少150°;并且在这些情况中的任一种下,均假设通道的纵向延伸多于横向延伸。
在一些实施例中,可不存在完全或基本上存在于至少所述裆区的横向通道,或无此类通道。
所述第一和第二通道(26)各自可具有平均宽度W’,它为所述吸收层(17)的平均宽度W的至少4%,或者例如W’为W的至少7%;和/或例如为并且最多W的25%,或最多W的15%;和/或例如为至少5mm;并且例如最多25mm,或例如最多15mm。
所述第一和第二通道(26)各自可具有平均长度L’,它可为例如最多所述吸收层(17)的平均长度L的80%;如果通道(26)仅在前区中,或仅在裆区中,或仅在后区中,L’为例如最多25%的L,或最多20%的L,和/或L’为例如至少5%的L,或至少10%的L;和/或L’为例如至少10mm,或至少20mm;如果通道(26)在所述裆区和前区中延伸,并且任选地在后区中延伸,L’为例如最多80%的L,或最多70%的L,和/或L’为例如至少40%的L,或至少50%的L。在通道不平行于纵向轴线的情况下,通道长度L’是通过对纵向轴线投影测得的长度。
通道(26)通常可为所谓的“永久性”通道(26)。永久性是指通道(26)的完整性在干燥状态和润湿状态下至少部分地得到保持,包括在穿着者穿着它们时的摩擦期间。永久性通道(26)可通过提供一种或多种粘合剂材料来获得,该粘合剂材料固定所述吸收材料(50),和/或所述通道(26),例如或所述吸收层(17),和/或将所述支撑片(16)固定到所述通道(26)或其部分中。吸收芯(7)可具体地包括通过通道粘结第一支撑片(16)和第二支撑片(16')形成的永久性通道。通常可使用胶水通过通道来粘结两个支撑片,但是经由其它已知方法如超声波粘结、或热粘结来粘结是可能的。支撑层可沿着通道被连续粘结或不连续粘结。
实际上,发明人观察到此类通道提供快速的采集,这减少了渗漏的风险。永久性通道帮助避免在流体排放区域中的吸收层饱和(此种饱和增加渗漏风险)。此外,与预期相比,当吸收结构中超吸收聚合物材料的总量减少被减小(通过提供不含此类材料的通道)时,吸收结构或尿布的流体处理性能得到改善。永久性通道也具有另外的优点,在润湿状态下吸收材料不能在芯内运动并且保持在它的预期位置,从而提供较好的贴合性和流体吸收。
例如如图3所示,一种或多种粘合剂材料(60)可存在于所述支撑片(16)和所述吸收层(17)或它们的部分之间(例如本文称为“第二粘合剂材料”)。例如,将粘合剂材料施用于所述支撑片(16)的部分,其将与通道(26)重合,使得所述通道支撑片可用所述粘合剂粘结到通道壁或其部分上,或者粘结到如本文所述的另外的材料上;和/或可将粘合剂施用于支撑片(16)的部分,其将与吸收材料(50)重合,从而固定所述材料并避免其大面积迁移到所述通道中;可将粘合剂基本上施用于支撑片(16)的整个表面区域上,例如基本上连续地和/或均匀地施用。这可例如为通过印刷、槽式涂布或喷涂施用的热熔融粘合剂。
此外或另选地,吸收结构(13)可包括一种或多种粘合剂材料(40),其施用于所述吸收层(17)或其部分上,该吸收层已经受到所述支撑片(16)的支撑,(本文称为“第一粘合剂材料”),例如在所述吸收材料(50)结合到/沉积到所述支撑片(16)上以形成吸收层(17)之后。如下文所述,这可例如为热塑性纤维粘合剂。在一些实施例中,这可连续施用于吸收层(17)上,从而施用于吸收材料(50)上以及通道(26)中,用于固定吸收层及任选地也将支撑片粘附到所述通道中,如上文所述。这例如显示于图3中。
应当理解,第一和第二粘合剂材料可为相同类型的粘合剂,例如为热塑性热熔融粘合剂,例如如下文所述,因此在第一和第二粘合剂之间的不同为其被施用的位置。
在一些实施例中,所述一种或多种粘合剂材料至少存在于通道(26)中,例如至少所述第一粘合剂材料,或所述第一和第二粘合剂材料两者。因此它可存在于通道(26)的纵向壁上(延伸通过吸收层(17)的高度及其长度)。如果支撑片(16)材料折叠成所述通道(26)或其部分,例如支撑片(16)在所述通道(26)或其部分中具有起伏,所述起伏可固定到所述壁或其部分上,以确保通道(26)在使用期间(至少部分地)得到保持。
第一和第二通道(26)可相对于吸收层(17)/结构的中心纵向轴线(X-轴线)为彼此的镜像。
在一些实施例中,不存在与所述吸收层(17)的所述纵向轴线重合的通道(26)。通道(26)可在它们的整个纵向尺寸上为彼此间隔开的。最小间距D(在最内端的轮廓线对之间的距离)可为例如层的平均横向尺寸W的至少5%,或例如W的至少10%,或W的至少15%。
此外,为了减少流体渗漏的风险,纵向主通道(26)通常不延伸到吸收层(17)的任何横向边缘(19)和/或纵向边缘(18)。通常在通道(26)和最靠近的纵向边缘之间的最小距离I’对应于W的至少5%,或例如对应于W的至少10%。在一些实施例中,距离为例如至少10mm;在通道和吸收层(17)的最靠近的横向边缘(19)之间的最小距离可为例如层平均长度L的至少5%。
吸收结构仅可包括两个通道,例如仅在前区,或例如在中央(裆)区,并任选地延伸到前区和/或后区的通道,诸如图2所示。
吸收结构(13)可包括超过两个此类通道(26),例如至少4个,或至少5个或至少6个通道。一些或所有这些通道可彼此基本上平行,例如全部是直的并且全部是纵向的,和/或两个或多个或全部可在纵向轴线上为彼此的镜像,或者两个或更多个可为弯曲的或成角度的并且例如在纵向轴线上为彼此的镜像,并且两个或更多个可为不同地弯曲的或直的,以及例如在纵向轴线上为彼此的镜像。
例如吸收层(17)的前区可包括两个或更多个通道(26),它们通常在层的纵向轴线中为彼此的镜像,并且裆区可包括两个或更多个通道(26),它们通常在层的纵向轴线中为彼此的镜像,并且后者可任选地延伸到前区和/或后区中,具有任何合适的尺寸和上述其它特性。任选地,在后区可存在附加通道。
第一和第二通道(26)、以及任选地附加通道(26),可定位在所述吸收层(17)中,使得存在一个与所述纵向轴线重合的中心纵向条,它不具有任何通道(26);所述吸收材料(50)基本上可连续存在于所述条中。例如,所述条可具有最小宽度D(在最内端的轮廓线对之间的距离),它为W的至少5%,或W的至少10%。
在一些实施例中,在两个相邻通道(26)之间的所述中心纵向条中,吸收材料(50)或所述超吸收聚合物材料的平均基重为至少350,以及例如最多1000克/m2,或者例如450克/m2,以及例如最多750克/m2。
在一些实施例中,相邻的每个第一和第二通道,以及任选地相邻所述附加通道,所述吸收材料(50)基本上连续存在。
吸收结构(13)通常包括一种或多种附加材料(例如附加材料层)以覆盖吸收层(17),本文称为附加材料;附加材料可为包括粘合剂的层,例如在接触本文的吸收结构(13)的吸收层(17)的表面上。因此,附加材料可包括在置于邻近吸收结构(13)的所述吸收层(17)的表面上的材料、以及粘合剂材料。
所得结构部位称为“吸收芯(7)”。一个它的示例如图3所示。
这种附加材料可为附加吸收结构,它具有第二吸收层(17’)和第二支撑片(16’),使得两个吸收层(17,17’)被夹在所述支撑片(16;16’)之间;这可为本公开的附加吸收结构,带有如本文所述的两个或更多个通道(26’),并且例如图3所示;或者这可为如本文所述的吸收结构,但是无通道;和/或它可为如本文所述的吸收结构,但是无粘合剂。
第二吸收结构可与第一吸收结构(13)相同,或者它们可均为带有本公开的通道(26;26’)的吸收结构,但是它们可不同,例如具有不同的通道、不同的通道数、不同的粘合剂、不同的粘合剂施用、或它们的组合。
第一吸收结构(13)的通道(26)或那些通道中的一些、以及第二吸收结构的通道(26’)或那些通道中的一些,可彼此重合并重叠;例如完全地或例如仅部分地重合并部分地重叠;或者一些或全部通道(26;26’)可甚至不彼此重合且不重叠。在一些实施例中,它们大约是彼此相同的,并且一个结构的通道(26)完全与另一个结构的通道(26)重合并重叠。
在一些实施例中,附加材料可为一部分支撑片(16),它在吸收层(17)上折叠并随后沿着周边边缘密封,从而包封吸收层(17)。
在一些实施例中,附加材料是附加支撑片(16’),即,吸收结构(13)覆盖有附加支撑片(16’),所述吸收层随后被夹在两个支撑片之间。
在一些实施例中,附加材料可为采集材料层和/或采集片,例如密封至所述支撑片(16)。在一些实施例中,附加材料包括附加吸收结构如任何上述的那些结构、或者附加支撑片(16’),并且随后与采集材料层、以及任选地一个附加采集片结合。
附加材料也可为存在于相邻的所述吸收层(17)中的采集材料层,该采集材料层任选地包括化学交联的纤维素纤维,并且采集材料层受到第二支撑片(16’)的支撑。吸收层(17)和采集材料层随和可被夹在第一结构的所述支撑片(16)和所述第二支撑片(16’)之间。采集材料层还可进一步包括通道(26’),具体地基本上完全与所述第一吸收结构(13)的通道(26)重叠。
第一结构的支撑片(16)和/或采集材料层的第二支撑片(16’)可折叠成第一吸收结构(13)的通道(26)和/或任选地折叠成采集材料层的通道(26’)(当存在时)、或这些通道(26,26’)的部分。一种或多种粘合剂材料可至少存在于通道(26,26’)或它们的部分中,并且支撑片(16,16’)可在所述通道(26,26’)中通过这些粘合剂材料中的一种或多种粘附彼此。另一种第二粘合剂(60’)可存在于第二支撑片(16’)和采集材料层之间。除热塑性粘合剂(40)之外,还有另一种粘合剂可置于采集材料层和吸收层(17)之间,用于改善两个层的粘附性。
在任何这些情况下,附加材料可随后沿着支撑片(16)的周边边缘将其密封,从而包封吸收层(17;任选地17’)。
在任何这些情况下,支撑片(16)或采集层/片可折叠成(即,起伏成)所述通道(26)或其部分。在所述通道(26)中,它可粘附到本公开的吸收结构(13)的支撑片(16)上,例如通过如本文所述的粘合剂材料进行粘附。另选地或除此之外,它可粘附到通道(26和/或26’)的壁或其部分上。
在一些实施例中,吸收结构(13)包括这种附加材料,它与所述吸收层(17)叠层,并且将一种压力装置选择性地施用于所述支撑片(16)和/或所述附加材料,在与所述通道(26和/或26’)重合的那些部分中将所述支撑片(16)和/或所述附加材料压制成吸收结构(13)的所述通道和/或压制成附加(第二)吸收结构的通道(当存在时)(压制成通道26和/或26’,当存在时),从而帮助形成所述起伏和/或帮助将附加材料和所述支撑片(16)在所述通道(26和/或26’)中彼此粘附(如果粘合剂材料如本文所述存在的话)。
压力装置可为带有凸起部分的压力辊,该凸起部分基本上具有所述通道(26和/或26’)的尺寸、形状、图案,可与支撑片(16)的所述部分或与所述通道(26和/或26’)重合的附加材料重合(即:配合)。
在一些实施例中,附加(例如第二)支撑片(16’)可比吸收结构更宽,使得第二支撑片(16’)能够折叠成通道(26和/或26’)或其部分,并且因此可粘附到第一支撑片(16)上。
在其中吸收芯(7)包括具有本文所述的通道(26;26’)的两个(或更多个)吸收结构的实施例中,它可为一个吸收结构(13)的一个或两个、或更多个、或全部通道(26)基本上叠加相邻吸收结构的通道(26’)。所得吸收芯(7)随后是带有通道(26;26’)的吸收结构的层合体,其中通道(26;26’)基本上延伸通过吸收层(17;17’)的厚度。
除此之外或另选地,它可为一个吸收结构(13)的一个或两个、或更多个、或全部通道(26)不叠加相邻吸收结构的通道(26’);它们可例如与相邻结构的通道(26)互补。互补是指第二吸收结构的通道(26’)形成第一吸收结构(13)的通道(26)的延伸。
在一些实施例中,吸收芯(7)可包括两个或更多个吸收结构(13),其中之一是本公开的结构,并且一个是带有支撑片(16’)的吸收结构(13),在其上有一个吸收层(17’)(带有超吸收聚合物材料),无通道和/或无粘合剂。
如果第二吸收结构存在于吸收芯(7)中,这可以如上所述的方式并出于上文所述的原因包括一种或多种粘合剂。
例如,它可存在以使它与第一吸收结构(13)的通道(26)重合,和/或与它的通道(26’)重合(当存在时)。
吸收层(17)包括超吸收聚合物材料(例如颗粒),所述超吸收聚合物材料任选地与纤维素材料(包括例如纤维素、呈纤维形式的粉碎的木浆)组合。上述附加材料(例如附加的第二吸收结构可包括吸收材料,并且随后也可施用于其上)。
在一些实施例中,吸收材料50可包括按重量计至少60%,或至少70%的超吸收聚合物材料、和至多40%或至多30%的纤维素材料。
在一些其它实施例中,吸收层(17)包括吸收材料(50),该吸收材料基本上由吸收聚合物材料例如颗粒组成,例如存在按重量计小于5%(的吸收材料(50))的纤维素材料;并且所述吸收层(17)/吸收结构(13)可不含纤维素材料。
通常超吸收聚合物材料为颗粒形式。适用于吸收层(17)的颗粒可包括从超吸收剂文献已知的任何超吸收聚合物颗粒,例如如ModernSuperabsorbentPolymerTechnology,F.L.Buchholz,A.T.Graham,Wiley1998中所述的颗粒。吸收性聚合物颗粒可为通常得自反相悬浮聚合类型的球形、类球形或不规则形状的颗粒,诸如维也纳香肠形颗粒或椭圆形颗粒。还可任选地使颗粒凝聚至少至一定程度以形成更大的不规则颗粒。
在本文的一些实施例中,吸收材料(50)作为一个整体和/或所述颗粒状超吸收聚合物材料至少具有高吸附能力,例如具有例如至少20g/g或30g/g的CRC。上限可为例如至多150g/g、或至多100g/g。
在本文一些实施例中,包含超吸收聚合物颗粒或由其组成的吸收材料(50)由聚丙烯酸聚合物/聚丙烯酸酯聚合物形成,例如具有60%至90%,或约75%的中和程度,具有例如钠抗衡离子。
超吸收聚合物可为聚丙烯酸酯和聚丙烯酸聚合物,它们是内部和/或表面交联的。合适的材料在PCT专利申请WO07/047598或例如WO07/046052或例如WO2009/155265和WO2009/155264中有所描述。在一些实施例中,适宜的超吸收聚合物颗粒可通过本领域现阶段的制备工艺获得,如更具体地在WO2006/083584中描述。超吸收聚合物可以为内部交联的,即在具有两个或更多个可聚合基团的化合物的存在下进行聚合,这些化合物能够自由基共聚到聚合物网络中。可用的交联剂包括例如如EP-A530438中所述的乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二甘醇二丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三烯丙基胺、四烯丙氧基乙烷,如EP-A547847、EP-A559476、EP-A632068、WO93/21237、WO03/104299、WO03/104300、WO03/104301和DE-A10331450中所述的二丙烯酸酯和三丙烯酸酯,如DE-A10331456和DE-A10355401中所述的混合丙烯酸酯(其不仅包括丙烯酸酯基团,还包括烯键式不饱和基团),或者如例如DE-A19543368、DE-A19646484、WO90/15830和WO02/32962中所述的交联剂混合物,以及WO2009/155265中所述的交联剂。超吸收性聚合物颗粒可以外部表面交联或后交联。可用的后交联剂包括包含能够与聚合物的羧酸根基团形成共价键的两个或更多个基团的化合物。可用的化合物包括例如EP-A083022、EP-A543303和EP-A937736中所述的烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物、聚氮丙啶、聚胺、聚酰氨基胺、二缩水甘油基或聚缩水甘油基化合物,如DE-C3314019中所述的多元醇,如DE-A4020780中所述环状碳酸酯、如DE-A19807502中所述的2-唑烷酮及其衍生物(如N-(2-羟乙基)-2-唑烷酮)、如DE-A19807992中所述的双-和聚-2-唑烷酮、如DE-A19854573中所述的2-氧代四氢-1,3-嗪及其衍生物、如DE-A19854574所述的N-酰基-2-唑烷酮、如DE-A10204937中所述的环脲、如DE-A10334584中所述的二环酰胺缩醛、如EP-A1199327中所述的氧杂环丁烷和环脲、以及如WO03/031482中所述的吗啉-2,3-二酮及其衍生物。
超吸收聚合物或其颗粒可具有表面改性,诸如涂覆或部分涂覆有涂层剂。涂覆的吸收性聚合物颗粒的例子公开于WO2009/155265中。涂层剂可为使得吸收性聚合物颗粒变得更加亲水。例如,它可为亲水性(即,热解的)二氧化硅诸如Aerosils。涂层剂可为聚合物,诸如弹性聚合物或成膜聚合物或弹性成膜聚合物,其在颗粒上形成弹性体(弹性)膜涂层。涂层在吸收性聚合物颗粒的表面上可为均相和/或均匀涂层。涂层剂可以0.1%至5%的含量施用。
超吸收聚合物颗粒可具有在45μm至4000μm范围内的粒度,更具体地具有在45μm至约2000μm,或约100μm至约1000或至850μm范围内的粒度分布。颗粒形式的材料的粒度分布可如本领域中已知方法来测定,例如借助于干筛分析法(EDANA420.02“粒度分布)。
在本文的一些实施例中,超吸收材料呈颗粒形式,具有至多2mm,或介于50微米和2mm或至1mm之间,或100或200或300或400或500μm,或至1000或至800或至700μm的质量中值粒度;质量中值粒度可例如通过例如EP-A-0691133中所述的方法来测量。在本公开的一些实施例中,超吸收聚合物材料呈颗粒形式,所述颗粒中按重量计至少80%为具有介于50μm和1200μm之间的尺寸且具有介于上述任何范围组合之间的质量中值粒度的颗粒。此外,或在本公开的另一个实施例中,所述颗粒为基本上球形的。在本公开的另一个或附加实施例中,超吸收聚合物材料具有相对窄范围的粒度,例如其中大部分(例如至少80%,至少90%或甚至至少95重量%)的颗粒具有50μm和1000μm之间,100μm和800μm之间,200μm和600μm之间的粒度。
本文的吸收结构(13)包括支撑片(16),在其上所述吸收材料(50)得到支撑并被固定。另外的材料可为或可包括支撑片(16’),并且随后还施用于这一片(16’)。
这种支撑片(16)可为单个片或纤维网材料(其随后分成单个吸收结构(13)),具体地为纸材、膜、机织织物或非织造织物、或任何这些材料的层压体。
在本文的一些实施例中,支撑片(16)为非织造织物,例如非织造纤维网,诸如梳理非织造织物、纺粘非织造织物或熔喷非织造织物,并且包括任何这些材料的非织造层压体。
这些纤维可源于天然或人造,并且可为短纤维或连续长丝或原位形成的纤维。可商购获得的纤维具有通常在小于约0.001mm至大于约0.2mm范围内的直径,并且它们呈现为若干种不同的形式:短纤维(称作化学短纤维或短切纤维)、连续单纤维(长丝或单丝)、无捻连续长丝束(丝束)、和加捻连续长丝束(纱线)。所述纤维可为双组分纤维,例如具有皮-芯型排列,例如具有形成皮和芯的不同的聚合物。非织造织物可通过许多方法诸如熔喷法、纺粘法、溶液纺丝、静电纺纱、以及粗梳法来形成。非织造织物的基重通常用克/平方米(gsm)表示。
本文的非织造材料可由亲水性纤维制成;“亲水性”描述纤维或纤维表面,它们可被沉积在这些纤维上的含水流体(例如含水体液)润湿。亲水性和可润湿性通常根据流体例如通过非织造织物的接触角和透湿时间来定义。在RobertF.Gould编著的题为“Contactangle,wettabilityandadhesion”(版权1964)的AmericanChemicalSociety的出版物中,对此进行了详细的讨论。当流体和纤维或其表面之间的接触角小于90°时,或者当流体趋于在纤维表面上自发铺开时(两种情况通常共存),即认为纤维或纤维表面被流体(即亲水的)润湿。相反,如果接触角大于90°并且流体不能在整个纤维表面上自发铺展,则纤维或纤维表面被认为是疏水的。
本文的支撑片16可为透气的。因此可用于本文的膜可包括微孔。本文的非织造物可为例如透气的。支撑片(16)可具有例如40或50至300或至200m3/(m2×min)的透气率,所述透气率通过EDANA方法140-1-99(125Pa,38.3cm2)测定。作为另外一种选择,支撑片(16)可具有更低的透气率,例如为非透气的,从而例如更好地滞留在包括真空的移动的表面上。
在一些实施方式中,支撑片(16)为例如SMS或SMMS类型的非织造层压体材料、非织造层压体纤维网。
为了容易地形成所述起伏部,支撑片16可具有小于60gsm,或例如小于50gsm,例如5gsm至40gsm,或至30gsm的基重。
支撑片(16)可具有CD-延展性或MD-延展性。
在本文的一个实施例中,支撑片(16)具有折叠(起伏)成所述第一和第二通道(26)、并且任选地折叠成所述附加通道或其部分的起伏。例如起伏可在通道的大约全部纵向尺寸上延伸;它们可例如延伸至吸收层(17)/通道的完全平均高度,或者例如仅延伸其至多75%,或至多吸收层(17)/通道的平均高度的50%。这有助于固定邻近所述通道(26)的吸收材料(50)和所述层的所述通道(26)。
起伏可用所述一种或多种粘合剂材料如所述第二粘合剂材料粘附到所述通道(26)的所述壁上。如本文所述,支撑片(16)可另选地或除此之外在所述通道(26)中例如用所述第一和/或第二粘合剂粘附到所述附加材料如第二支撑片(16)上。
吸收结构(13)可包含一种或多种粘合剂材料。在一些实施例中,它包含如上所述的第一粘合剂材料和/或第二粘合剂材料并且以如上所述的方式包含。
本文的吸收芯还可包括第二吸收结构,其可包含一种或多种粘合剂材料;接着同样施用于其上。
任何合适的粘合剂均能够用于该目的,例如使用所谓的热熔融粘合剂。例如,能够使用可喷涂的热熔融粘合剂,诸如H.B.FullerCo.(St.Paul,MN)的产品号HL-1620-B。
粘合剂材料可不仅有助于固定在支撑片上的吸收材料,而且它也可有助于在储存期间和/或在使用一次性制品期间保持吸收结构吸收芯中的通道完整性。粘合剂材料可有助于避免显著量的吸收材料迁移到通道中。此外,当粘合剂材料施用于通道中或与通道重合的支撑片部分上时,它可从而有助于将吸收结构的支撑片粘附到所述壁上、和/或粘附到附加材料上,这将在下文中进一步详述。
在一些实施例中,第一粘合剂(40)和/或第二粘合剂(60)可为热塑性粘合剂材料。
在一些实施例中,第一粘合剂(40)可以纤维形式施用,形成纤维性网络,它将吸收材料固定在支撑片上。热塑性粘合剂纤维可部分接触吸收结构的支撑片;如果也在通道中施用,它(进一步)将吸收层锚定到支撑片。
热塑性粘合剂材料可例如允许此类溶胀而不断裂且不赋予过多的压缩力,所述压缩力将抑制吸收性聚合物颗粒溶胀。适用于本公开中的热塑性粘合剂材料(40;60)包括热熔融粘合剂,该热熔融粘合剂包含至少热塑性聚合物与增塑剂和其它热塑性稀释剂如增粘树脂、以及添加剂诸如抗氧化剂的组合。示例性的适当热熔粘合剂材料(40;60)描述于EP1447067A2中。在一些实施例中,热塑性聚合物具有超过10,000的分子量(Mw)和通常低于室温的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)或-6℃>Tg<16℃。在某些实施例中,热熔体中的聚合物的浓度在约20至约40重量%的范围内。在某些实施例中,热塑性聚合物可为对水不敏感的。示例性聚合物为包括A-B-A三嵌段结构、A-B两嵌段结构和(A-B)n径向嵌段共聚物结构的(苯乙烯)嵌段共聚物,其中A嵌段为通常包含聚苯乙烯的非弹性体聚合物嵌段,B嵌段为不饱和共轭双烯或(部分)氢化的此类变体。B嵌段通常为异戊二烯、丁二烯、乙烯/丁烯(氢化丁二烯)、乙烯/丙烯(氢化异戊二烯)、以及它们的混合物。
可采用的其它合适的热塑性聚合物为茂金属聚烯烃,它们为利用单一位点或茂金属催化剂制备的乙烯聚合物。其中至少一种共聚单体可与乙烯聚合以制备共聚物、三元共聚物或更高级的聚合物。同样适用的是无定形聚烯烃或无定形聚α-烯烃(APAO),它们为C2-C8α烯烃的均聚物、共聚物或三元共聚物。
热塑性粘合剂材料(通常为热熔融粘合剂材料)一般以纤维的形式存在,即可将热熔融粘合剂纤维化。在一些实施例中,热塑性粘合剂材料在吸收性聚合物颗粒之上形成纤维性网络。通常,纤维可具有约1μm至约100μm、或约25μm至约75μm的平均厚度,以及约5mm至约50cm的平均长度。具体地,可提供热熔融粘合剂材料层如包括网状-结构。在某些实施例中,热塑性粘合剂材料以每支撑片(16)0.5至30g/m2、或1至15g/m2、或1至10g/m2或甚至1.5至5g/m2的量施用。
适用于本公开中的粘合剂的典型参数可为值低于1或值低于0.5的60℃下的损耗角tanδ。60℃下的损耗角tanδ与高环境温度下的粘合剂的液体特性相关联。tanδ越低,粘合剂表现得就越像固体而不是液体,即,其流动或移动的趋势就越小,并且本文所述的粘合剂超结构随时间变质或甚至崩落的趋势就越小。因此,如果在气候炎热时使用该吸收制品,则该值是特别重要的。
对于例如加工原因和/或性能原因,可能有益的是,如可由ASTMD3236-88,使用锭子27,20pmp,在所述温度下预加热20分钟,并且搅拌10分钟所测量,所述热塑性粘合剂材料具有在175℃下介于800mPa·s和4000mPa·s之间,或1000mPa·s或1200mPa·s或1600mPa·s至3200mPa·s或至3000mPa·s或至2800mPa·s或至2500mPa·s的粘度。
所述热塑性粘合剂材料可具有介于60℃和150℃之间,或介于75℃和135℃之间,或介于90℃和130℃之间,或介于100℃和115℃之间的软化点(用ASTME28-99(Herzog方法;使用甘油)测定)。
在本文的一个实施例中,热塑性粘合剂组分可为亲水性的,其具有小于90°、或小于80°或小于75°或小于70°的接触角,如可用ASTMD5725-99测量。
本发明的吸收制品可包括与消费者功能性和吸收芯通道有益效果通信的信号。此类信号的非限制性示例可包括印刷粘合剂层、底片图形、顶片和/或采集层压花、以及它们的组合。
可用于通信于通道的存在及有益效果的一种类型的信号是印刷粘合剂层。在一些实施例中,在芯中带有通道的装配可具有一个粘合剂层,将其以图案形式施用,显示通道的吸收性和其它有益效果。这个粘合剂层可被施用于基底如支撑层,在一些实施例中采集层可定位在顶片和带有通道的吸收芯之间。在一些实施例中,印刷粘合剂层可通过顶片可见。
在一些实施例中,可将流体如粘合剂施用于或印刷到前进的基底上。流体施涂设备可包括狭槽冲模施用装置和基底载体。狭槽冲模施用装置可包括狭槽开口、第一唇缘和第二唇缘,狭槽开口定位在第一唇缘和第二唇缘之间。并且基底载体可包括一个或多个图案元件,并且可适于使基底前进经过狭槽冲模施用装置,其间狭槽冲模施用装置向基底上排放粘合剂。在操作中,当基底的第一表面设置在基底载体上时,基底载体使基底的第二表面前进经过狭槽冲模施用装置的狭槽开口。继而,基底在狭槽冲模施用装置和图案元件的图案表面之间受到间歇压缩。当基底被间歇压缩时,从狭槽冲模施用装置排放出的粘合剂在如下区域中被施涂到前进的基底的第二表面上,所述区域具有基本上与图案表面所限定的形状相同的形状。在一些实施例下,粘合剂可为与基底的颜色不同的颜色。粘合剂可包含颜料和染料。涉及以预先确定的图案施用粘合剂于前进的基底的其它方法和设备公开于美国专利8,186,296中。在一些实施例中,印刷在基底上的流体可为无粘合剂的油墨。
如本文所用,术语“图案”是指装饰性或区别性的设计,其不必是重复的或模仿的,可包括但不限于以下图案:大理石花纹状、方格图案、斑点纹状、脉纹状、聚集状、几何状、斑点状、螺旋状、卷状、排列状、斑驳状、纹理状、螺旋形、环状、轮廓状、花边状、棋盘格状、星放射状、圆形突出状、闪电状、块状、纹理状、褶绉状、杯状、凹面状、凸面状、麻花状、锥状、以及它们的组合。印刷粘合剂层的曲线可向消费者传递通道的一种或多种有益效果的信号。例如,通道可用作管道,将流体分配到更舒适的地方,而护理人员通过顶片可见的印刷粘合剂层可将制品可提供的流体分配和舒适度发信号或通信。
如上所述,本发明的吸收结构通常包括一种或多种附加材料如附加材料层,用于覆盖吸收层。这个层可包括粘合剂,例如在将接触吸收结构的吸收层的表面上。因此,附加材料可包括在置于邻近吸收结构的所述吸收层的表面上的材料、以及粘合剂材料。在一些实施例中,附加材料层可为采集材料层,它可具有印刷在其上以形成图案化外观的粘合剂。因此,将粘合剂印刷在邻近吸收芯的采集层的表面上。除带有通道和印刷在邻近吸收芯的采集层表面上的印刷粘合剂层的吸收芯之外,制品还可包括顶片,其中印刷粘合剂层通过顶片可见。在一些实施例中,印刷(油墨或带有油墨的粘合剂)可在顶片自身上,并且其中油墨是被印刷的物质,印刷可使用数字印刷进行。
在一些实施例中,吸收制品可包括印刷在底片上的图形。当吸收芯加载有流体时,吸收材料将尤其朝着底片膨胀,而不包括吸收材料的通道将不膨胀。可利用这种差异,因为在吸收流体时,通道可形成凹陷,它们将变得更易于通过底片察觉。在吸收制品吸收流体时,这些凹陷将变得更加明显。
通过在底片侧上的通道形成的这些凹陷的深度将与吸收的流体量成比例,并且本发明人已经发现通过提供匹配或至少向护理人员指示通道区域的底片印刷,对护理人员的视觉效应可得到改善。因此底片印刷可包括一条直线或曲线,其基本上匹配通道的形状和/或位置。
底片图形可相似地向护理人员发送通道特性的信号。在一些实施例中,仅仅通道的视觉信号可为底片印刷。在一些实施例中,底片印刷可为曲线、线条、或其它图案,它们近似于通道的形状和轮廓。在一些实施例中,制品可包括印刷粘合剂层和底片图形,它们组合在一起或单独地突出某些通道方面。
上述任何线条的相对长度可表达为比率,并且可为精确的,或者可单独或与长度的其它比率组合用±2%,3%,4%,5%,7%,10%,12%,15%,17%,20%,22%,25%,27%,30%的公差表示,并且在应用公差百分比后长度可被舍入到最近似的整数或乘以5。
此外,在一些实施例中,视觉上发送内部通道信号的图形将不延伸到外部通道自身区域之外,和/或其中存在吸收芯的区域之外,并且在一些实施例中,视觉上发送外部通道信号的图形将不延伸到外部通道自身区域之外,和/或其中存在吸收芯的区域之外,并且在一些实施例中,视觉上发送内部和外部通道信号的图形将不延伸到内部和外部通道自身区域之外,和/或其中存在吸收芯的区域之外。
此外,制品可包括其它或附加的视觉信号,它们发送吸收芯通道的信号,诸如压花。压花可在顶片上或吸收芯上完成,或者在一些实施例中,可存在顶片和吸收芯的多层压花。例如,热压花可在通道上以小的间隙设置(用于增强视觉效果)完成(其中不存在超吸收聚合物)。任何压花可单独或与印刷组合完成,用于帮助发送吸收芯通道的信号。此外,任何压花可对顶片、芯、或上述二者在线(在装配吸收制品组成部件期间)或在此种装配之前完成,例如在其中组成部件的供应商制备组成部件自身的场所。
在一些实施例中,印刷粘合剂层或底片印刷可为一种图案,覆盖大部分或者甚至全部吸收芯。在其它实施例中,印刷粘合剂层或底片印刷可仅印刷在不连续区域。例如,在一些实施例中,印刷粘合剂层或底片印刷可被印刷以使不与吸收芯通道重叠或相交。如本文所用,术语“重叠”是指盖住某物的一部分,或具有共同的区域。如本文所用,术语“相交”是指相互跨越或穿越、或变窄和合并的物体。
为了确保吸收制品组件(包括图形吸收制品组件)当附接到其它吸收制品组件时正确取向,可使用对准。对准可包括使用一个系统检测在吸收制品组件上的位置并比较该位置与一个设定点(其可为操作人员期望的点或机器设定位置)。系统可根据所述比较调节吸收制品组件的放置。例如,可检测吸收芯通道和印刷粘合剂层的位置,并且可经由长度控制系统改变印刷粘合剂层的重复长度(描述于美国专利6,444,064和6,955,733中)。另选地,可使用一种系统检测并控制组件相对于在吸收制品上的期望位置的纵向位置,其中在该位置随后发生第一组件附接到第二组件上的事件,改变该位置以确保第一组件位于期望的位置。这可基于多次检测并利用平均化位置、偏离期望位置、或通过以比每次发生更少的频率检测来进行。另外,一种系统可检测在第一吸收制品组件上的第一位置和在第二吸收制品组件上的第二位置,其中第一和第二位置可相对于彼此进行比较并相对于设定点或期望的偏置位置进行比较。该系统可根据所述比较调节第一和/或第二吸收制品组件的放置。可使用检测方法的组合。在一些实施例中,对准可用于优化印刷和吸收芯通道的视觉印象。
在一些实施例中,任何印刷(印刷粘合剂层、底片图形、或一些组合)可匹配或基本上匹配吸收芯通道的形状或轮廓。
在一些实施例中,印刷将不一定匹配或重叠或关联吸收芯通道的形状或轮廓,但是另一方面将向消费者通信或发送通道存在和/或有益效果的信号。
本文的吸收结构(13)或吸收芯(7)可例如如上所述用于吸收制品,并且具体地可用于婴儿或成人用的尿布(1),包括可重复紧固的尿布(1)和(可重复紧固的)训练裤,或者可用于吸收垫如卫生巾或成人失禁内衬垫。
除了如本文所述的吸收结构(13)或吸收芯(7)以外,制品还可包括顶片和底片、以及例如一个或多个侧翼或箍。顶片或箍或侧翼可包括本领域已知的护肤组合物或洗剂或粉末、片,包括美国专利5,607,760;美国专利5,609,587;美国专利5,635,191;美国专利5,643,588中所述的那些。
本文的制品包括在使用中面向穿着者的顶片,例如非织造片、和/或开孔片,包括如本领域已知的开孔成形膜;和底片。
底片可为液体不能透过的,如本领域已知的那样。在一些实施例中,液体不可渗透的底片包括薄塑料膜如热塑性膜,其具有约0.01mm至约0.05mm的厚度。合适的底片材料通常包括透气材料,其允许蒸汽逸出尿布(1),同时仍旧阻止流出物透过底片。合适的底片膜包括由印第安纳州TerreHaute的TredegarIndustries,Inc.制造并以商品名X15306、X10962和X10964出售的那些产品。
底片或其任何部分可在一个或多个方向上弹性地延展。可通过本领域已知的任何连接部件将底片连结或接合到顶片、吸收结构/芯、或尿布的任何其它元件上。
本文的尿布可包括腿箍和/或阻隔箍;因而制品通常具有一对相对的侧翼和/或腿箍和/或阻隔箍,每对均被定位成邻近吸收结构/芯的一个纵向侧边,并且沿所述结构/芯纵向延伸,并且通常在制品的纵向轴线上互为镜像;如果存在腿箍和阻隔箍,则每个腿箍通常被定位在阻隔箍的外侧。这些箍可沿制品的至少70%长度纵向延伸。箍可具有游离的纵向边缘,纵向边缘可定位在制品的X-Y平面(纵向/横向)外,即在Z方向上。成对的侧翼或箍可在制品的纵向轴线上互为镜像。箍可包括弹性材料。
本文的尿布可包括腰带,或例如前腰带和后腰带,它们可包括弹性材料。
尿布(1)可包括侧片或所谓的耳片。尿布(1)可包括用以紧固前部和后部的紧固部件,例如前腰带和后腰带。紧固系统可包括紧固接片和着陆区,其中所述紧固接片连接或接合到尿布(1)的后区,并且所述着陆区为尿布(1)前区的一部分。
吸收结构(13)可与采集层和/或采集材料层或其系统组合,并且吸收芯(7)或尿布(1)可包括采集层和/或采集材料层或其系统,这可包含化学交联的纤维素纤维。此类交联的纤维素纤维可具有所期望的吸收性能。示例性化学交联的纤维素纤维公开于美国专利公开5,137,537中。在某些实施例中,化学交联的纤维素纤维与基于葡萄糖单体的介于约0.5摩尔%和约10.0摩尔%之间的C2至C9聚羧交联剂交联,或与介于约1.5摩尔%和约6.0摩尔%之间的C2至C9聚羧交联剂交联。柠檬酸为一种示例性交联剂。在其它实施例中,可使用聚丙烯酸。此外,根据某些实施例,交联的纤维素纤维具有约25至约60,或约28至约50,或约30至约45的保水值。用于确定保水值的方法公开于美国专利5,137,537中。根据某些实施例,交联的纤维素纤维可为起褶皱的、加捻的、或卷曲的、或它们的组合(包括起褶皱的、加捻的和卷曲的)。
在某个实施例中,上部采集层和下部采集层之一或两者均可包括非织造材料,所述材料可为亲水性的。此外,根据某个实施例,上部采集层和下部采集层之一或两者还可包括化学交联的纤维素纤维,该纤维可或可不形成非织造材料的一部分。根据一个示例性实施例,上部采集层可包括非织造材料(不含交联的纤维素纤维),并且下部采集层可包括化学交联的纤维素纤维。此外,根据一个实施例,下部采集层可包括与其它纤维诸如天然或合成聚合物纤维相混合的化学交联的纤维素纤维。根据示例性实施例,此类其它天然或合成聚合物纤维可包括高表面积纤维、热塑性粘合纤维、聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、PET纤维、人造纤维、lyocell纤维、以及它们的混合物。用于上部采集层和下部采集层的合适的非织造材料包括但不限于SMS材料,其包括纺粘层、熔喷层和另一个纺粘层。在某些实施例中,永久亲水的非织造材料(具体地讲为具有耐久亲水涂层的非织造材料)是所期望的。另一个合适的实施例包括SMMS结构。在某些实施例中,非织造材料为多孔的。
尿布(1)也可包括设置在顶片和吸收结构(13)/吸收芯(7)之间的次层,所述次层能够吸收并分配和/或固定身体流出物。适宜的亚层包括如本领域已知的采集层、浪涌层和/或粪便存储层。可用作次层的合适的材料可包括大孔开放式泡沫、大孔耐压高蓬松非织造材料、大粒径颗粒状开孔和闭孔泡沫(大孔和/或微孔)、高蓬松非织造材料、聚烯烃、聚苯乙烯、聚氨酯泡沫或微粒、包括大量垂直定向的环状的纤维束的结构、或如上文关于生殖器覆盖片所述的开孔成形薄膜的结构。(如本文所用,术语“微孔的”是指能够通过毛细作用传送流体但具有大于50微米的平均孔径的材料。术语“大孔的”是指这样的材料:所述材料具有的孔太大而不能通过毛细作用传送流体,所述材料通常具有大于约0.5mm(平均)的直径的孔,更具体地讲具有大于约1.0mm(平均)的直径但通常小于10mm或甚至小于6mm(平均)的直径的孔。
组装吸收制品或尿布(1)的方法包括本领域已知的用于构造和配置一次性吸收制品的常规技术。例如,可通过粘合剂的均匀连续层、粘合剂的成图案层、或粘合剂的一排单独线、螺纹或圆点,将底片和/或顶片接合到吸收结构/芯上或使它们相互连接。以商品名HL-1258或H-2031由St.Paul,Minnesota的H.B.FullerCompany制造的粘合剂已被发现为令人满意的。虽然顶片、底片和吸收结构(13)/芯可按多种熟知的构型装配,但尿布(1)构型一般描述于以下专利中:1996年9月10日授予Roe等人的名称为“AbsorbentArticleWithMultipleZoneStructuralElastic-LikeFilmWebExtensibleWaistFeature”的美国专利5,554,145;1996年10月29日授予Buell等人的名称为“DisposablePull-OnPant”的美国专利5,569,234;和1999年12月21日授予Robles等人的名称为“AbsorbentArticleWithMulti-DirectionalExtensibleSidePanels”的美国专利6,004,306。
如上所述,需要提供带有吸收芯的吸收制品,该吸收芯具有通道和与通道通信的印刷信号。还需要通道和印刷信号的特定组合,它们可经优化以改善此类通信。
发明人已经设想提供包括两个元件的信号:底衬(如图4a所示)和图案填充(如图4b所示)。信号自身可包括粘合剂、油墨、或二者皆有、或粘合剂和油墨的共混物。
然而,在尝试发现底衬和图案填充的组合时存在困难,该组合将提供对护理人员足够的视觉吸引,该困难在于大规模制造吸收制品的技术和成本上的可行性。在通道的最内端轮廓线D之间的距离可能对提供表现出优异的过程能力、技术产品性能、并具有成功的消费者通信的吸收芯来说是重要的。如果在轮廓线D之间的距离太小,过程能力可受到设备磨损和材料卷绕的负面影响。此外,产品性能可受到较慢的采集速度的负面影响。如果在轮廓线D之间的距离太大,过程能力可受到不具有用于移除粘合剂的足够接触、从而引起污染的负面影响。此外,消费者通信可受到图案不一直可见及低颜色强度的负面影响。
此外,粘合剂覆盖面积可能对提供表现出优异的过程能力、技术产品性能、并具有成功的消费者通信的吸收芯来说是重要的。如果粘合剂覆盖面积太小,过程能力可受到不具有用于保持过程中的贴片控制的足够胶水覆盖率的负面影响。此外,消费者通信可受到不具有足够的粘合剂图案以递送消费者信息的负面影响。如果粘合剂覆盖面积太大,过程能力可受到具有太多粘合剂的负面影响,难以始终如一地递送过程信息。此外,消费者通信可受到导致缺乏吸收信号的负面影响。
发现例如如图5a和5b所示的那些组合是视觉上成功的,但是技术上不可行。例如,可查知这些设计提供在轮廓线之间的过多白色区域,例如超过25mm的白色区域,其从制造的立场上说难以达到。总体上这种设计可能不提供足够的粘合剂,难以将吸收制品组件保持在一起,因为粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比小于15%,并且也可能由于中心线困难而难以制造。
发现例如如图6a和6b所示的那些组合是视觉上成功的并且技术上可行的。例如,可查知这些设计平衡粘合剂的设置与量,这使得吸收制品层组件彼此充分粘结,并且也具有良好的流体处理和过程能力。例如,可查知这些设计提供在轮廓线之间的合适量的区域,例如15mm至25mm的区域,其从制造的立场上说能够达到。总体上这种设计可合适地提供足够的粘合剂以将吸收制品组件固定在一起,因为粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比为15%至30%,并且可能由于确定了中心线而适于制造,例如视基座状况递送约150N的力(喷嘴至基底+板)。
发现例如如图7a和7b所示的那些组合是视觉上不成功的并且技术上不可行的。例如,可查知这些设计不提供在底衬和填充图案之间足够的对比度。总体上这种设计可提供过多的粘合剂,用于合适的流体处理,因为粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比超过30%,并且也可能由于中心线困难而难以制造。
同样地,在本发明的一些实施例中,在最内端的轮廓线对之间的距离为约10mm至约30mm,约15mm至约25mm,约18mm至约22mm,小于约30mm,小于约25mm,大于约10mm,大于约15mm。
同样地,在本发明的一些实施例中,包括印刷粘合剂层的粘合剂量使得利用粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比为约10%至约35%,约15%至约30%,约20%至约25%,小于约35%,小于约30%,大于约10%,大于约15%。
应当了解,本文所公开的量纲和值不旨在严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个这样的量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或限制,将本文引用的每篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请,全文以引用方式并入本文。任何文献的引用不是对其作为本文所公开的或受权利要求书保护的任何发明的现有技术,或其单独地或与任何其它参考文献的任何组合,或者参考、提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文件中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已经举例说明和描述了本发明的特定实施例,但是对于本领域的技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可做出多个其它改变和变型。因此,本文旨在所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有这些改变和变型。
Claims (9)
1.一种吸收制品,所述吸收制品其包括:
顶片、底片、设置在所述顶片和所述底片之间的吸收芯、以及设置在所述顶片和所述吸收芯之间的印刷粘合剂层;
其中所述吸收芯包括通道;
其中所述印刷粘合剂层通过所述顶片可见;
其中至少一部分所述粘合剂层形成一对或多对轮廓线的图案,轮廓线的长度方向沿所述吸收制品的纵向方向延伸,每对轮廓线相对于所述吸收制品的轴线对称,所述轴线沿所述吸收制品纵向延伸并且位于它的宽度中心;并且
其中在所述最内端的轮廓线对之间的距离为15mm至25mm,或者其中包括所述印刷粘合剂层的粘合剂的量使得所述粘合剂的图案覆盖百分比为15%至30%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收制品还包括采集层,其设置在所述顶片和所述吸收芯之间,其中所述印刷粘合剂层被印刷在所述采集层上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的吸收制品,其中所述印刷粘合剂层与所述采集层的颜色不同。
4.根据权利要求3所述的吸收制品,其中所述采集层具有邻近所述吸收芯的表面,并且所述印刷粘合剂层被印刷在所述采集层的表面上,所述采集层邻近所述吸收芯。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述吸收芯通道具有轮廓,并且其中所述印刷粘合剂层基本上匹配所述吸收芯通道的轮廓。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述吸收制品还包括印刷在所述底片上的图形。
7.根据权利要求6所述的吸收制品,其中印刷在所述底片上的图形基本上匹配所述印刷粘合剂层上的图案。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述顶片包括压花。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的吸收制品,其中所述通道和所述印刷粘合剂层的图案不重叠。
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US20150080839A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
CA2924828C (en) | 2017-07-18 |
RU2016104124A (ru) | 2017-10-20 |
WO2015039062A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
RU2636366C2 (ru) | 2017-11-22 |
EP3046526B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
FR3010631A1 (fr) | 2015-03-20 |
CA2924828A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
US10292875B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
MX2016003391A (es) | 2016-06-24 |
JP2016533844A (ja) | 2016-11-04 |
CL2016000613A1 (es) | 2016-11-18 |
JP6169800B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
EP3046526A1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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