CN105676152A - Direct-reading magnetic flux modulation reading circuit and method - Google Patents

Direct-reading magnetic flux modulation reading circuit and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105676152A
CN105676152A CN201610066331.4A CN201610066331A CN105676152A CN 105676152 A CN105676152 A CN 105676152A CN 201610066331 A CN201610066331 A CN 201610066331A CN 105676152 A CN105676152 A CN 105676152A
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China
Prior art keywords
signal
modulation
reading
flux
operating point
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CN201610066331.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
荣亮亮
张懿
蒋坤
王永良
伍俊
谢晓明
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Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology of CAS
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Priority to CN201610066331.4A priority Critical patent/CN105676152A/en
Publication of CN105676152A publication Critical patent/CN105676152A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/096327 priority patent/WO2017128706A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G01R33/035Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using superconductive devices
    • G01R33/0354SQUIDS
    • G01R33/0356SQUIDS with flux feedback
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G01R33/035Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using superconductive devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N60/00Superconducting devices
    • H10N60/01Manufacture or treatment

Abstract

The invention provides a direct-reading magnetic flux modulation reading circuit and method. The reading circuit comprises a SQUID device, a pre-amplifier for amplifying the output signal of the SQUID device, a high-pass filter for filtering a DC component and low-frequency noise, a modulation/demodulation signal generator, a demodulator for demodulating the output signal of the high-pass filter, an integrator for carrying out integration and generating a response voltage signal, and a feedback module for feeding back the response voltage signal to the SQUID device. Through modulation, the working point of the SQUID device is allowed to be switched between two working points, and the change trends of the two working points are opposite; and the measured signal is subjected to amplification, high-pass filtering, demodulation and integration, and then, is fed back to the SQUID device, so that the working point is locked. Isolation of the low-frequency noise and the output DC bias of the pre-amplifier is realized through the high-pass filter; the SQUID magnetic flux-voltage conversion coefficient does not reduce due to the load effect; higher harmonic distortion does not occur to a SQUID magnetic flux-voltage curve; the problem of thermal noise of a transformer is prevented; and the circuit is simpler in structure and higher in practicality.

Description

A kind of direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic sensor technologies field, particularly relate to a kind of direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit and method.
Background technology
Superconducting quantum interference device (SuperconductingQuantumInterferenceDevice, SQUID) is the magnetic-sensitive elements that a kind of sensitivity is high, can build superconducting magnetic sensor. Being widely used in the Weak magentic-field detection application fields such as biological magnetic field, geomagnetic anomaly of the Earth, extremely low field nuclear magnetic resonance and geophysical exploration, its detectivity reaches to fly spy (10-15Tesla) magnitude. SQUID Magnetic Sensor is magnetic sensor device important in limit detection, scientific research, has significantly high scientific research and using value.
During practical application, SQUID works in low-frequency range (less than 10Hz) more, and low-frequency noise performance is the important performance indexes determining application effect. The low-frequency noise of preamplifier and the critical current fluctuation etc. of SQUID chip are the main noise sources of SQUID Magnetic Sensor low-frequency noise, seriously constrain the SQUID application (especially biological magnetic detection and geophysical exploration application) in low frequency magnetic survey field. For this problem, patent has been had to suppress to propose solution for the low-frequency noise of SQUID Magnetic Sensor at present in the world:
A kind of method reducing Magnetic Sensor low-frequency noise based on Flux modulation technology disclosed in prior art, the method is by adding the modulation magnetic flux of upper frequency in the sensor, tested low frequency signal is modulated high frequency treatment (general about 100kHz), thus avoiding the low-frequency noise section of preamplifier, it is achieved low-frequency noise suppresses; Meanwhile, the method can also to the effectively suppression (especially to high temperature SQUID) of the homophase low-frequency noise that critical current fluctuation introduces. In order to realize good impedance matching, to reduce preamplifier noise, in the middle of SQUID and preamplifier, introduce transformator here. It is illustrated in figure 1 the Flux modulation circuit 1 realizing the method, including SQUID device 11, transformator 12, preamplifier 13, demodulator 14, integrator 15, modulation-demodulation signal generator 16, feedback resistance Rf, feedback coil Lf and resistance.SQUID device 11 is connected with the former limit of transformator 12 by resistance, the secondary output of transformator 12 is linked into preamplifier 13, the output of preamplifier 13 accesses in demodulator 14 and is demodulated, this magnetic flux feedback is returned in SQUID device 11 by feedback resistance Rf and feedback coil Lf after accessing integrator 15 integration by the output after demodulation, thus ensureing that SQUID magnetic flux operating point does not change, the signal of modulation magnetic flux is produced by modulation-demodulation signal generator 16, same feeding feedback coil Lf after resistance decrement, the magnetic flux operating point of SQUID is modulated, simultaneously, the demodulation signal that modulation-demodulation signal generator 16 also produces to synchronize is sent in demodulator 14. the introducing of transformator 12 creates three negative effects: (1) SQUID output voltage signal amplitude reduction (the limit load of transformator source), (2) the high-frequency harmonic composition of SQUID output signal is filtered out, and causes operating point placeDiminish; (3) there is thermal noise in transformator itself, therefore, the noise of Flux modulation reading circuit good unlike direct-reading reading circuit (the SQUID chip especially for big β c), in addition, it is more complicated that the introducing of transformator 12 also leads to circuit structure, and practicality declines.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit and method, and for solving thermal noise that in prior art, the introducing of transformator brings, signal amplitude reduces, operating point placeThe problem such as diminish.
For achieving the above object and other relevant purposes, the present invention provides a kind of direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit, and described direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit at least includes:
SQUID device, is used for detecting tested magnetic flux signal and being converted into the output of the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
Preamplifier, is connected with described SQUID device, and the signal of telecommunication that described SQUID device is exported is amplified;
High pass filter, is connected with described preamplifier, for filtering DC quantity and the low-frequency noise of the output of described preamplifier;
Modulation-demodulation signal generator, is used for producing Flux modulation signal and magnetic flux demodulation signal;
Demodulator, is connected with described high pass filter and described modulation-demodulation signal generator, demodulates signal according to described magnetic flux and the output signal of described high pass filter is demodulated;
Integrator, is connected with described demodulator, and the output signal of described demodulator is integrated, and exports the response voltage signal proportional to described tested magnetic flux signal;
Feedback module, is connected with described integrator and described modulation-demodulation signal generator, by described response voltage signal by feeding back to described SQUID device after the modulation of described Flux modulation signal, locks operating point with this.
Preferably, described high pass filter includes the electric capacity being connected between described preamplifier and described demodulator, and one end is connected to the resistance of described electric capacity outfan, other end ground connection.
Preferably, described feedback module includes feedback resistance and feedback coil; One end of described feedback resistance connects the outfan of described integrator, and the other end connects described feedback coil; The other end ground connection of described feedback coil, described feedback resistance and connect described Flux modulation signal between described feedback coil.
It is highly preferred that described Flux modulation signal is dutycycle is the square-wave signal of 50%.
For achieving the above object and other relevant purposes, the present invention provides the reading method of a kind of above-mentioned direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit, and described direct-reading Flux modulation reading method at least includes:
It is set between the first operating point and the second operating point by Flux modulation signal by the operating point of SQUID device to jump, the variation tendency of described first operating point and described second operating point is contrary, the tested magnetic flux signal detected is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, high-pass filtering is carried out to filter low-frequency noise after this signal of telecommunication is amplified, and isolated DC amount, then feed back to described SQUID device after demodulated, integration, form SQUID flux locked loop road and lock operating point with this.
Preferably, described first operating point differs half period with described second operating point.
As it has been described above, the direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit of the present invention and method, have the advantages that
1, SQUID device and reading circuit are directly connected to achieve Flux modulation, and noise suppressed is more superior; Modulating frequency selects wider, is conducive to signal to noise ratio to promote; Overcoming the load effect of tradition Flux modulation circuit transformer, SQUID magnetic flux voltage curve is undamped.
2, after preamplifier exports, high pass filter is introduced, it is ensured that while signal passes through, isolated output bias voltage and the low-frequency noise of preamplifier.
3, avoiding the use of transformator, selectable Flux modulation frequency range is wider, for the collection of low frequency signal, it is possible to adopt less modulating frequency, it is to avoid the switching transient effect impact on Flux modulation; Avoid transformator problem, the problem includes: thermal noise problem.
4, SQUID device mates with preamplifier, overcomes SQUID in tradition Flux modulation circuit and mates the bandwidth limitations existed with transformator, and higher harmonic components free of losses, SQUID magnetic flux-voltage curve distortion is less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the structural representation of Flux modulation circuit of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is shown as the structural representation of the direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shown as typical case's SQUID magnetic flux-voltage-transfer characteristic curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is shown as the principle schematic of the direct-reading Flux modulation reading method of the present invention.
Element numbers explanation
1 Flux modulation circuit
11SQUID device
12 transformators
13 preamplifiers
14 demodulators
15 integrators
16 modulation-demodulation signal generators
2 direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuits
21SQUID device
22 preamplifiers
23 high pass filters
24 modulation-demodulation signal generators
25 demodulators
26 integrators
27 feedback modules
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiments of the present invention being described, those skilled in the art the content disclosed by this specification can understand other advantages and effect of the present invention easily. The present invention can also be carried out by additionally different detailed description of the invention or apply, and the every details in this specification based on different viewpoints and application, can also carry out various modification or change under the spirit without departing from the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 2~Fig. 4. It should be noted that, the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates the basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way, then assembly that in graphic, only display is relevant with the present invention but not component count when implementing according to reality, shape and size drafting, during its actual enforcement, the kenel of each assembly, quantity and ratio can be a kind of random change, and its assembly layout kenel is likely to increasingly complex.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the present invention provides a kind of direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit 2, described direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit 2 at least includes:
SQUID device 21, preamplifier 22, high pass filter 23, modulation-demodulation signal generator 24, demodulator 25, integrator 26, feedback module 27.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described SQUID device is used for detecting tested magnetic flux signal and being converted into the output of the corresponding signal of telecommunication.
Specifically, the superconducting ring that described SQUID device is made up of two Josephson junction parallel connections, two ends leading-out terminal at Josephson junction, load certain bias current, the voltage at SQUID device two ends will have the characteristic changed with its induced field, and typical SQUID magnetic flux-voltage-transfer characteristic curve is as shown in Figure 3.One end ground connection of described SQUID device, the other end connects the input of described preamplifier 22, and after the tested magnetic flux signal detected is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, described preamplifier 22 is arrived in output.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described preamplifier 22 is connected with described SQUID device, the signal of telecommunication of described SQUID device 21 output is amplified.
Specifically, described preamplifier 22 is high input impedance, and SQUID magnetic flux-voltage conversion coefficient will not reduce because of load effect, simultaneously the broader bandwidth of described preamplifier 22, SQUID magnetic flux-voltage curve will not be produced higher hamonic wave distortion.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described high pass filter 23 is connected with described preamplifier 22, for filtering DC quantity and the low-frequency noise of the output of described preamplifier 22.
Specifically, the concrete structure of described high pass filter 23 is not limit, and arbitrarily can realize in the circuit structure of high pass filter function is included in. In the present embodiment, described high pass filter 23 includes between outfan and the input of described demodulator 25 that electric capacity C and the first resistance R1, described electric capacity C are connected to described preamplifier 22; One end of described first resistance R1 is connected between described electric capacity C and described demodulator 25, other end ground connection.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described modulation-demodulation signal generator 24 is used for producing Flux modulation signal and magnetic flux demodulation signal.
Specifically, described modulation-demodulation signal generator 24 produce respectively Flux modulation signal and with it described Flux modulation signal to corresponding magnetic flux demodulation signal. In the present embodiment, described Flux modulation signal is dutycycle is the square-wave signal of 50%, makes operating point saltus step between the first operating point and the second operating point with this, and wherein the variation tendency of the first operating point and the second operating point is contrary.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described demodulator 25 is connected with described high pass filter 23 and described modulation-demodulation signal generator 24, demodulates signal 24 according to described magnetic flux and the output signal of described high pass filter 23 is demodulated.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described integrator 26 is connected with described demodulator 25, the output signal of described demodulator 25 is integrated, and exports the response voltage signal Vf proportional to described tested magnetic flux signal.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described feedback module 27 is connected with described integrator 26 and described modulation-demodulation signal generator 24, by described response voltage signal Vf by feeding back to described SQUID device 21 after the modulation of described Flux modulation signal, lock operating point with this.
Specifically, described feedback module 27 includes feedback resistance Rf and feedback coil Lf, one end of described feedback resistance Rf connects the outfan of described integrator 26, the other end connects described feedback coil Lf, the other end ground connection of described feedback coil Lf, described feedback resistance Rf and connect described Flux modulation signal between described feedback coil Lf. Described response voltage signal Vf and described Flux modulation signal produce feedback current respectively through described feedback resistance Rf and the second resistance R2, feedback current produces mutual inductance Mf by described feedback coil Lf with described SQUID device 21, described mutual inductance Mf offsets described tested magnetic flux signal, making whole negative feedback loop stable, operating point is locked.
As shown in Figure 2 to 4, the operation principle of above-mentioned direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit 2 is as follows:
It is set between the first operating point and the second operating point by Flux modulation signal by the operating point of SQUID device to jump, the variation tendency of described first operating point and described second operating point is contrary, the tested magnetic flux signal detected is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, high-pass filtering is carried out to filter low-frequency noise after this signal of telecommunication is amplified, and isolated DC amount, then feed back to described SQUID device after demodulated, integration, form SQUID flux locked loop road and lock operating point with this.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, described Flux modulation signal is dutycycle is the square-wave signal of 50%, its high level is contrary with low level amplitude, by the modulation of described Flux modulation signal, jump in the operating point of described SQUID device between the first operating point W+ and the second W-the two operating point, operating point. The tested magnetic flux signal detected by SQUID device 21 is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, and this signal of telecommunication is amplified by described preamplifier 22. Then pass through described high pass filter 23 low-frequency noise that described preamplifier 22 exports in signal to be filtered, and isolated DC amount. Then the signal through described demodulator 25, described high pass filter 23 exported is demodulated. The signal by described integrator 26, described demodulator 25 exported again is integrated. By feedback module 27 by SQUID device described in signal back 21, form SQUID flux locked loop road and lock operating point with this. When under described direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit 2 is in the lock state, the minor variations of tested magnetic flux signal can cause that small variation occurs in SQUID operating point, shown in Fig. 4, and when SQUID works in two different operating points (the first operating point W+ and the second operating point W-) respectively, and the variation tendency of the two operating point contrary time, this small variation is just cancelled out each other. In the present embodiment, upwards, the variation tendency of described second operating point W-is downward for the variation tendency of described first operating point W+. Slope in order to ensure described first operating point W+ and described second operating point W-change is identical, and described first operating point W+ differs half period with described second operating point W-on SQUID magnetic flux-voltage response; More specifically, in the present embodiment, described first operating point W+ and described second operating point W-is positioned at the intermediate point of crest and trough.
As it has been described above, the direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit of the present invention and method, have the advantages that
1, SQUID device and reading circuit are directly connected to achieve Flux modulation, and noise suppressed is more superior; Modulating frequency selects wider, is conducive to signal to noise ratio to promote; Overcoming the load effect of tradition Flux modulation circuit transformer, SQUID magnetic flux voltage curve is undamped.
2, after preamplifier exports, high pass filter is introduced, it is ensured that while signal passes through, isolated output bias voltage and the low-frequency noise of preamplifier.
3, avoiding the use of transformator, selectable Flux modulation frequency range is wider, for the collection of low frequency signal, it is possible to adopt less modulating frequency, it is to avoid the switching transient effect impact on Flux modulation; Avoid transformator problem, the problem includes: thermal noise problem.
4, SQUID device mates with preamplifier, overcomes SQUID in tradition Flux modulation circuit and mates the bandwidth limitations existed with transformator, and higher harmonic components free of losses, SQUID magnetic flux-voltage curve distortion is less.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit, including: detect the SQUID device of tested magnetic flux signal; The preamplifier that the output signal of SQUID device is amplified; Filter the high pass filter of DC quantity and low-frequency noise; Produce Flux modulation signal and the modulation-demodulation signal generator of magnetic flux demodulation signal; The demodulator that the signal output signal to high pass filter is demodulated is demodulated according to magnetic flux; The output signal of demodulator is integrated, produces the integrator of response voltage signal; And by response voltage signal by feeding back to the feedback module of SQUID device after the modulation of Flux modulation signal.It is set between the first operating point and the second operating point by Flux modulation signal by the operating point of SQUID device to jump, the variation tendency of described first operating point and described second operating point is contrary, the tested magnetic flux signal detected is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, high-pass filtering is carried out to filter low-frequency noise after this signal of telecommunication is amplified, and isolated DC amount, then feed back to described SQUID device after demodulated, integration, form SQUID flux locked loop road and lock operating point with this. The direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit of the present invention and method achieve the isolation to preamplifier low-frequency noise and output direct current biasing by high pass filter. And by adjusting device parameter, it is possible to achieve the noise of SQUID and preamplifier and the matched well of impedance. The direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit of the present invention and method avoid the use of transformator compared to tradition Flux modulation circuit and method, it is achieved the Flux modulation suppression to low-frequency noise. Owing to preamplifier is high input impedance, SQUID magnetic flux-voltage conversion coefficient will not reduce because of load effect; Preamplifier bandwidth is wider, SQUID magnetic flux voltage curve will not be produced higher hamonic wave distortion; It also avoid the thermal noise problem of transformator simultaneously. In general, the direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit of the present invention and method completely solve the negative factor that in tradition Flux modulation circuit, transformator introduces, and circuit structure is simpler simultaneously, and practicality is higher. So, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and has high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principles of the invention and effect thereof only, not for the restriction present invention. Above-described embodiment all under the spirit and category of the present invention, can be modified or change by any those skilled in the art. Therefore, art has usually intellectual such as modifying without departing from all equivalences completed under disclosed spirit and technological thought or change, must be contained by the claim of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit, it is characterised in that described direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit at least includes:
SQUID device, is used for detecting tested magnetic flux signal and being converted into the output of the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
Preamplifier, is connected with described SQUID device, and the signal of telecommunication that described SQUID device is exported is amplified;
High pass filter, is connected with described preamplifier, for filtering DC quantity and the low-frequency noise of the output of described preamplifier;
Modulation-demodulation signal generator, is used for producing Flux modulation signal and magnetic flux demodulation signal;
Demodulator, is connected with described high pass filter and described modulation-demodulation signal generator, demodulates signal according to described magnetic flux and the output signal of described high pass filter is demodulated;
Integrator, is connected with described demodulator, and the output signal of described demodulator is integrated, and exports the response voltage signal proportional to described tested magnetic flux signal;
Feedback module, is connected with described integrator and described modulation-demodulation signal generator, by described response voltage signal by feeding back to described SQUID device after the modulation of described Flux modulation signal, locks operating point with this.
2. direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high pass filter includes the electric capacity being connected between described preamplifier and described demodulator, and one end is connected to the resistance of described electric capacity outfan, other end ground connection.
3. direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described feedback module includes feedback resistance and feedback coil; One end of described feedback resistance connects the outfan of described integrator, and the other end connects described feedback coil; The other end ground connection of described feedback coil, described feedback resistance and connect described Flux modulation signal between described feedback coil.
4. the direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: described Flux modulation signal is dutycycle is the square-wave signal of 50%.
5. the reading method of the direct-reading Flux modulation reading circuit as described in Claims 1 to 4 any one, it is characterised in that: described direct-reading Flux modulation reading method at least includes:
It is set between the first operating point and the second operating point by Flux modulation signal by the operating point of SQUID device to jump, the variation tendency of described first operating point and described second operating point is contrary, the tested magnetic flux signal detected is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication, high-pass filtering is carried out to filter low-frequency noise after this signal of telecommunication is amplified, and isolated DC amount, then feed back to described SQUID device after demodulated, integration, form SQUID flux locked loop road and lock operating point with this.
6. direct-reading Flux modulation reading method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described first operating point differs half period with described second operating point.
CN201610066331.4A 2016-01-29 2016-01-29 Direct-reading magnetic flux modulation reading circuit and method Pending CN105676152A (en)

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PCT/CN2016/096327 WO2017128706A1 (en) 2016-01-29 2016-08-23 Readout circuit and method for direct-reading flux modulation

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CN110632423A (en) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-31 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 Low-temperature physical property testing system and device
CN111208452A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-05-29 中国计量大学 Direct-reading type reading system for multiferroic magnetic sensor
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CN111413652A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-07-14 中国计量大学上虞高等研究院有限公司 Wide working interval multiferroic magnetic sensor based on negative feedback structure

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CN110632423B (en) * 2019-09-26 2021-05-11 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 Low-temperature physical property testing system and device
CN111208452A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-05-29 中国计量大学 Direct-reading type reading system for multiferroic magnetic sensor
CN111398880A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-07-10 中国计量大学上虞高等研究院有限公司 Negative feedback type reading system for multiferroic magnetic sensor
CN111413652A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-07-14 中国计量大学上虞高等研究院有限公司 Wide working interval multiferroic magnetic sensor based on negative feedback structure

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