CN1470129A - 在按需式媒体系统中高速缓存数据的系统和方法 - Google Patents

在按需式媒体系统中高速缓存数据的系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1470129A
CN1470129A CNA018172490A CN01817249A CN1470129A CN 1470129 A CN1470129 A CN 1470129A CN A018172490 A CNA018172490 A CN A018172490A CN 01817249 A CN01817249 A CN 01817249A CN 1470129 A CN1470129 A CN 1470129A
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media
demand data
demand
data
retrieved
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CN100459698C (zh
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C
迈克尔·C·埃利斯
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TV guide Co.
Uv Co
Adeia Guides Inc
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Prevue International Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种在按需式媒体系统中高速缓存数据的系统和方法，从分开的数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据。可以高速缓存按需式媒体数据以减小系统等待时间和发布网络的负担。

Description

在按需式媒体系统中高速缓存数据的系统和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求分别在2000年10月11日和2001年2月21日申请的美国临时专利申请No.60/239，377和60/270,351的利益。
技术领域
本发明涉及交互式电视应用的系统和方法。更具体地说，本发明涉及在交互式电视应用系统中从分开的数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据的系统和方法。
背景技术
电(光)缆、卫星和广播电视系统给用户提供了大量的电视频道。传统上用户查看打印的电视节目单来确定在特定的时间播放的节目。最近，已经开发了交互式电子电视节目导视器使得在用户的电视上可以显示电视节目信息。
交互式电视节目导视器通常在电视置顶盒中实施。这种节目导视器使用户能够以不同的显示格式查看电视节目清单。例如，用户可以指令节目导视器显示以频道顺序和时间顺序排列组织的节目清单表格。用户也可以通过主题(例如电影、体育等)或标题(例如按字母顺序)搜索节目清单并对其进行排序。用户可以获得特定节目清单的附加信息并可以购买某一节目以便收看。
某些交互式节目导视系统可以提供按需式视频清单。在某些系统中，按需式视频清单从与提供非按需式媒体的清单和其它信息的数据源分开的数据源中提供，比如电视节目。按需式视频服务器例如可以将按需式视频清单从导视数据或正常的电视节目节目中以带内或带外的方式提供给节目导视器。在带内提供按需式视频清单时，节目导视器必须建立与按需式视频服务器的连接(如果一个连接都还没有建立)，并使用户终端远离用户正看着的电视节目以便检索清单。这使用户错过他或她正看的部分节目。在按需式视频清单以带外方式提供时，节目导视器也必须建立与按需式视频服务器的连接(如果一个连接都还没有建立)，并检索清单。在这种方法中，低带宽连接可能在按需式视频清单的显示中造成不可接收的延迟。此外，许多用户经常要通过因特网存取某些按需式视频信息比如新发行的清单。每个用户的设备必须在每次需要信息时建立与服务器的会话。这可能造成对分布式网络的巨大峰值资源的需求。
因此，理想的是提供一种以如下种方式从分开的数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据的系统和方法，这种方式可以减小与当前的方法相关的不理想的结果，比如中断用户的收视体验或延迟显示应用屏。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种从分开的非按需式和按需式媒体数据源中检索媒体数据的系统和方法。本发明的某些特征的实例性特征例如描述在2000年10月11日申请的美国临时专利申请No.60/239,377、在2000年11月20日申请的美国临时专利申请No.60/252,171和在2001年2月21日申请的美国临时专利申请No.60/270,351中，在此以引用参考的方式将这些中请的全部内容都结合在本申请中。
如在此所使用，非按需式媒体可以是不需要用户的请求提供给用户的任何适合的媒体。例如，非按需式媒体可以是电视节目、声频节目或任何其它的适合的节目。按需式媒体可以是响应用户的请求提供用户的任何适合的媒体。例如，按需式媒体可以是按需式视频或按需式声频媒体、可下载的软件或适合于按需式发布的任何其它的媒体。
按需式和非按需式媒体数据可以是描述媒体或与媒体相关的任何数据。例如，非按需式媒体数据可以是电视节目标题、附加的电视节目信息、电视节目广告或按次付费订购信息。按需式媒体数据例如可以是按需式视频或可下载的软件的说明或标题。
例如通过交互式电视应用系统比如交互式电视节目导视器或其它的在家的设备上运行的软件从分开的数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据。例如可以从非按需式媒体或非按需式媒体数据中以带内或带外方式提供按需式媒体数据。在某些实施例中，例如通过使用基于圆盘传送带的方法，可以将按需式媒体数据作为连续或周期的数据流提供。在其它的实施例中，通过使用基于客户-服务器的方法提供按需式媒体数据。
可以自动地检索按需式媒体数据并高速缓存它以减小例如系统的等待时间或者用户观看体验的中断。在用户中可以以时间方式交错高速缓存按需式媒体数据以减小在发布按需式媒体数据的网络上的峰值负载。例如可以周期性地或者在用户请求特定的接口时高速缓存按需式媒体数据。在某些方法中，高速缓存是可以预测的。例如，可以高速缓存用户从给定的显示屏中可存取的特征的按需式媒体数据。在其它的方法中，可以高速缓存最通用的媒体的按需式数据。在进一步的其它方法中，可以个性化地高速缓存该数据。例如，可以监测用户的活动并基于用户的历史高速缓存按需式媒体。可以使用任何其它的适合的预测性高速缓存。
从用于显示的存储中可以检索按需式媒体数据。例如，从高速缓存中检索按需式媒体数据并响应用户表示希望至少存取例如在非按需式媒体清单显示屏中的非按需式数据进行显示。在某些实施例中，非按需式媒体清单可以连同按需式媒体清单或者其它的内容比如广告屏或横幅一起显示。
附图说明
结合下面的附图，从下文对优选实施例的详细描述中可以更加清楚本发明的进一步的特征和各种优点，在所有的附图中类似的参考字符表示类似的部件，在附图中：
附图1所示为根据本发明的不同实施例的实例性的交互式电视系统的示意性方块图；
附图2-6所示为根据本发明的不同实施例附图1的交互式电视应用设备的实例性结构；
附图7所示为根据本发明的不同实施例附图2-6的用户电视设备的实例性方块图；
附图8所示为根据本发明的不同实施例附图7的实例性的用户电视设备部分的实例性示意方块图；
附图9所示为根据本发明的不同实施例从不同的数据源中检索、高速缓存和显示非按需式和按需式数据的实例性流程图；
附图10-11所示为根据本发明的不同实施例附图9的从不同的数据源中检索、高速缓存和显示非按需式和按需式数据的更详细的实例性流程图；
附图12所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例的实例性交互式电视应用菜单显示屏；
附图13所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例的实例性交互式电视应用按需式视频显示屏；
附图14所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例的实例性交互式电视应用按需式视频按字母顺序电影清单显示屏；
附图15所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例的实例性交互式电视应用按需式视频单个电影信息显示屏；
附图16所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例带有以时间方式组织的按需式视频清单和电视节目清单的实例性交互式电视应用显示屏；
附图17所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例带有以运动类型组织的按需式视频清单和电视节目清单的实例性交互式电视应用显示屏；
附图18所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例带有以电影类型组织的按需式视频清单和电视节目清单的实例性交互式电视应用显示屏；
附图19所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例带有以儿童类型组织的按需式视频清单和电视节目清单的实例性交互式电视应用显示屏；和
附图20所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例促销带有以时间方式组织的按需式视频清单和电视节目清单的实例性交互式电视应用显示屏。
具体实施方式
在交互式电视应用系统中使用的用于高速缓存来自多个数据源中的非按需式和按需式媒体数据的系统和方法可以基于任何适合的硬件平台或拓扑结构。适合的硬件例如可以包括卫星接收器、个人计算机电视(PC/TV)、个人计算机(例如带有电视调谐卡)、缆式置顶盒或任何其它适合的硬件。
在某些实施例中，交互式电视应用系统(比如交互式电视节目导视器、家庭购物应用系统或其它任何适合的交互式应用系统)都可以运行在这种硬件上。实例性的交互式电视导视系统例如描述在Knee等人的美国专利US5,589,892和Knudson等人的美国专利申请No.09/357,941(1999年7月16日申请)中，在此以引用参考的方式将它们的全部内容都结合在本申请中。客户-服务器节目导视系统例如描述在Ellis等人的美国专利申请No.09/374,043(1999年8月13日申请)中，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。在线节目导视系统例如描述在Boyer等人的美国专利申请No.08/938,028(1997年9月18日申请)，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。
在附图1中示出了根据本发明一种实施例的实例性系统100。主设备102可以从非按需式媒体数据源124中通过通信通路108给交互式应用设备106提供非按需式媒体数据。主设备102的非按需式媒体数据源124可以是产生、存储或获得非按需式媒体数据(例如从操作员手动获得、通过计算机网络或其它的连接通过电子获得或者通过存储媒体获得)并将这些数据转换成通过主设备102发布的电子形式的任何计算机或者基于计算机的系统。在某些实施例中，非按需式媒体数据源124可以提供除了非按需式媒体数据以外的应用数据。在其它的实施例中，主设备102可以具有多个数据源以提供按需式媒体数据、非按需式媒体数据和其它的应用数据。
在某些实施例中，应用数据源可以位于与主设备102分开的设备中，比如位于本地信息服务设备110中，并且通过通信通路114将它们的媒体数据提供给主设备102以本地化和发布。本地信息服务设备110可以包含本地数据源112。本地数据源112可以是产生、存储或获得本地信息数据(例如从操作员手动获得、通过计算机网络或其它的连接通过电子获得或者通过存储媒体获得)并将这些数据转换成通过主设备102发布的电子形式的任何计算机或者基于计算机的系统。
本地信息服务设备110可以是适合于获得本地区域的特定数据并通过通信通路114将这些数据提供给主设备102的任何设备。本地信息数据例如可以包括本地广告、本地体育信息、本地新闻信息或其它的适合的本地信息。本地信息服务设备110例如可以是监测天气数据的本地气象站、发布本地新闻信息的本地报纸或者任何其它的信息提供商。主设备102可以集中节目导视数据和本地信息数据并将它们发布给交互式电视设备106。
通信通路108和114可以是卫星通信通路、光纤通路、有线通信通路、同轴电缆通路、射频通路、电磁通信通路、微波通信通路、光波通路、因特网通路、这些通路的组合或者任何适合的通信通路。如果需要的话视频信号也可以在通信通路108和114上传输。
主设备102可以使用任何适合的方法将非按需式媒体数据和其它的应用数据传输给交互式应用设备106。例如，主设备102周期性地、连续地或者以任何其它的适合的频率发布非按需式媒体数据。在某些方法中，可以将媒体数据作为文件、包或者作为数据流发布。例如在Gollahon等人的美国专利申请No.09/332,624(1999年6月11日申请)中描述了这样的系统，在该系统中使用一种方法将数据从主设备传输给电视发布设备，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。尽管为了避免附图不至过于复杂在附图1中仅以一个部件示出，但是交互式应用设备106存在许多部件。
按需式媒体数据源128可以通过通信通路130给交互式应用设备106提供按需式媒体数据比如按需式视频信息(例如按需式视频的标题、按需式视频的类型信息、按需式视频的附加信息和订购信息)、按需式声频信息(例如按需式声频的标题、按需式声频的附加信息和订购信息)、交互式视频运动或者其它的应用信息、股票市场信息、天气信息、体育得分、体育统计或其它的适合的按需式媒体信息。按需式媒体数据源128可以是产生、存储或获得本地信息数据(例如从操作员手动获得、通过计算机网络或其它的连接通过电子获得或者通过存储媒体获得)并将这些数据转换成通过主设备102发布的电子形式的任何计算机或者基于计算机的系统。按需式媒体数据源也可以提供按需式媒体比如按需式视频、声频媒体或应用软件。
通信通路130可以是卫星通信通路、光纤通路、有线通信通路、同轴电缆通路、射频通路、电磁通信通路、微波通信通路、光波通路、因特网通路、这些通路的组合或者任何适合的通信通路。按需式媒体可以提供在通路130上。
在其它的实施例中，可以将按需式媒体数据提供给主设备102以传输给交互式应用设备106。例如，在按需式媒体数据源(未示)中可以产生按需式媒体数据并传输给主设备102，以及通过通信通路108传输给交互式应用设备106的发布装置116(在附图2-6中示出)。
交互式电视应用系统可以实施在交互式应用设备106上。在附图2-6中示出了交互式应用设备106的实例性结构。
应用附图2或附图4的结构，交互式电视应用系统(比如交互式电视节目导视器、其它的导视应用系统、网页浏览器或其它适合的交互式电视应用系统)可以运行在用户电视设备122上，或者使用适合的客户服务器或分布式处理结构(比如在附图3或附图5中所示的结构)使其部分运行在用户电视设备122上并且部分运行在交互式应用设备106的其它的部件上。在附图2-6中所示的发布装置116可以是任何适合的发布设备(例如电缆系统头端、卫星发布设备、广播发布设备或任何其它适合类型的发布设备)并且可以具有发布设备118。通常，在附图2-6中可以包括许多发布装置116。
附图2-6的发布设备118可以是适合于通过通信通路120将媒体数据的设备(即按需式媒体数据和非按需式媒体数据)和其它的应用数据提供给用户电视设备122。在附图6中，发布设备118可以通过因特网服务系统134和适合的通信通路136和138将媒体数据比如节目导视数据提供给个人计算机140。
附图2-6的发布设备118例如包括使用带内数字信号、使用带外数字信号或通过任何其它合适的数据传输技术在电视频道的垂直消隐期中在电视频道边带上发布媒体数据和其它的应用数据的适合传输硬件。非按需式媒体和按需式媒体的模拟或数字信号(例如电视节目、按需式电影、按需式音乐等)也可以在多电视频道上通过通信通路120由发布设备118发布给本地数据源112。
在某些实施例中，媒体信息可以作为同步元数据提供。同步元数据是在与它相关的媒体同时逻辑发布给在附图2-5中的用户电视设备122或者在附图6中的个人计算机140的数据。例如，与非按需式或按需式媒体同时或者在按需式数据之前但与将它与该数据关联的信息(例如标志符、通路或任何其它的适合的信息)一起输送同步元数据。元数据可以以如下的方法提供：带内、带外、使用基于圆盘传送带的方法、使用基于客户-服务器方法、使用本地高速缓存、使用这些方法的组合或者使用任何其它适合的方法。
元数据可以包括其它类型的数据。发布给用户的附图2-5的用户电视设备122或附图6的个人计算机140的元数据例如可以包括给用户的家内的设备(或者在该设备上运行的客户应用系统)指示要执行特定的动作(例如在按需式媒体上叠加可视指示器)的指令。元数据可以包括指示按需式媒体数据的片段的地址。在某些方法中，该元数据可以用作在非按需式或按需式媒体数据内的标示器。例如，这些数据可以包括演员访谈、电影预告片、所选择的电影中的场景、音乐视频(音乐电视)或其它任何适合的元数据片段。发布给交互式电视应用系统的同步元数据例如描述在美国临时专利申请No.60/239,521(2000年10月11日申请)中，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。
附图2-5的通信通路120和附图6的通信通路130和138可以具有足够带宽以允许发布装置116或者另一发布装置将电视节目发布给附图2-5的用户电视设备122或者附图6的个人计算机140。虽然为避免附图不至过于复杂在附图2-5中仅示出了发布设备118和通信通路120的一个部件，但通常用户电视设备122有多个部件与在附图2-5中的通信通路120相关。类似地，虽然为避免附图不至过于复杂在附图6中仅示出了一个个人计算机140和通信通路138，但可能有多个个人计算机140和多个相关的通信通路。如果希要的话，可以在单独的通信通路上提供非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据。
附图3所示为在基于客户服务器或分布式交互式应用系统中的交互式应用设备106的结构。附图3所示的基于客户服务器或分布式交互式应用系统可以处理非按需式媒体数据、按需式媒体数据、这些数据的任何适合的组合或任何其它适合的数据。在某些实施例中，非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)可以是通过通信通路108(附图1)和120(附图2)将非按需式媒体数据发布给在用户电视设备122(附图3-5)上实施的应用客户的服务器。如附图3所示的发布设备118可以包括服务器132。服务器132可以使用软件和硬件的任何适合的组合以提供基于客户-服务器的应用系统。服务器132例如可以运行适合的数据库引擎(例如微软的SQL服务器)并给在用户电视设备122上运行的应用客户提供非按需式数据、按需式数据或者这些数据的组合。例如，服务器132可以向按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)请求按需式媒体数据或者从其中接收该数据。在其它的方法中，用户电视设备可以向按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)请求按需式媒体数据或者从其中接收该数据。如果需要的话，服务器132可以位于主设备102中或其它的位置上，比如缆线系统头端、广播发布装置、卫星电视发布装置或任何其它适合类型的电视发布装置。
应用客户可以使用任何合适的客户-服务器方法从服务器132检索应用数据。例如客户可以将SQL(结构查询语言)请求作为消息传送给服务器132。在其它的适合的方法中，应用客户可以使用一个或多个远程程序请求调用驻留在服务器132上的远程程序。服务器132可以对这种调用的远程程序执行SQL语句。在另一适合的方法中，例如使用对象请求代理程序(ORB)可以使通过该应用系统执行的客户对象与通过服务器132所执行的服务器对象进行通信。
附图4-5所示为实例性的基于因特网的交互式电视应用系统。如附图4所示，发布装置116例如可以包括因特网服务系统134。因特网服务系统134可以是任何适合的硬件和软件的组合，它能够使用基于因特网的方法(例如超文本传输协议(HTTP))将应用数据提供给应用系统。如果需要的话，因特网服务系统134可以设置在与发布装置116分开的装置中，如附图5所示。
在这样的实施例中：在其中交互式电视应用系统实施在如附图4所示的交互式应用设备106的用户电视设备122上，因特网服务系统134(或在发布装置116上的连接到因特网服务系统134的其它的适合的设备)可以使用任何适合的基于因特网的方法(例如使用在传输控制协议/网际协议(TCP/IP)型通路上应用的超文本传输协议(HTTP))通过因特网或者通过发布设备118将非按需式媒体数据、按需式媒体数据和其它应用数据提供给用户电视设备122。在这样的实施例中：在其中在交互式应用设备106上实施的交互式电视应用系统是如在附图5中所示的基于客户-服务器的应用系统，服务器132可以从因特网服务系统134中获得按需式媒体数据和其它的应用数据。但是该应用系统也可以通过因特网连接从因特网服务系统134中获得应用数据。在其它的实施例中，非按需式媒体数据源124、按需式媒体数据源128或他们的组合可以通过因特网服务系统134将媒体数据或其它的应用数据提供给用户电视设备。
在另一适合的结构中，发布设备118可以包括计算机设备或者在其上运行交互式电视应用系统的第一部分或版本的其它的适合的硬件。该应用系统的第二部分或版本可以实施在用户电视设备122上。该交互式电视应用系统的两个版本或部分可以使用任何适合的对等通信方案(例如发布消息、远程功能调用等)进行通信并在发布装置116和用户电视设备122之间分布式地执行交互式应用功能。
在其中可以实施在线应用系统(比如在线节目导视器)的另一适合的结构是在交互式应用设备106上，如附图6中所示。在线节目导视系统例如描述在Boyer等人的美国专利申请No.08/938,028(1997年9月18日申请)中，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。用户可以具有个人计算机140，在该个人计算机140上实施应用客户或网页浏览器。个人计算机140可以通过通路138连接到因特网服务系统134，并且发布装置116可以通过通路136连接到因特网服务系统134。因特网服务系统134可以是通信网络或者是计算机网络并且可以使用能够提供在线服务应用系统或网页浏览器的计算机硬件和软件的任何适合的组合。所示的因特网服务系统134从发布装置116中获得应用数据。在另一适合的方法中，因特网服务系统134可以从其它的系统(比如主设备102(附图1)、本地信息服务设备110(附图1)、非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)、按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)或任何其它适合的应用数据源)中获得信息。
在附图7中示出了用户电视设备122的实例性结构。在某些实施例中，用户电视设备122可以从在输入200中的发布装置116(附图2-6)(比如节目发布装置或某些其它适合的发布装置)接收视频或数字视频流和数据。在某些实施例中，用户电视设备122可以从主设备102(附图1)中直接接收视频或数字视频流和数据。在某些实施例中，用户电视设备122可以从非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)、按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)或它们的任何组合中接收非按需式媒体数据。在进一步的其它实施例中，非按需式媒体数据、按需式媒体数据或他们的组合都可以从多个媒体数据源发布给发布装置116(附图2-6)，该发布装置116能够将非按需式数据和按需式数据发布给用户设备122。
在正常的电视收看中，用户可以将置顶盒202调谐到所需的电视频道。然后在视频输出218中提供该电视频道的信号。在输出218上提供的信号通常是在预定的频道(例如频道3或4)上的射频(RF)信号或者是模拟调制视频信号，但它也可以是在适当的数字总线(例如使用电子及电气工程师协会(IEEE)1394标准的总线(未示))上提供给电视212的数字信号。在视频输出218上的视频信号可以由可选的第二存储装置210接收。
交互式电视应用系统可以运行在置顶盒202、电视212(如果电视212具有适合的处理电路和存储器)、连接到电视212的适合的模拟或数字接收器或数字存储装置208(如果数字存储装置208具有适合的处理电路和存储器)上。交互式电视应用系统也可以协作地运行在这些装置的适合的组合上。在其中协作的交互式电视节目导视应用系统运行在多个装置上的交互式电视应用系统例如描述在Ellis等人的美国专利申请No.08/186,598(1998年11月5日申请)中，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。
第二存储装置210可以是任何适合类型的模拟或数字节目存储装置或播放器(例如盒式录象机(VCR)、个人录像机(PVR)、数字通用视盘(DVD)播放器等)。通过置顶盒202使用控制通路216可以控制节目记录和其它的特征。如果第二存储装置210例如是盒式录象机或个人摄像机，则典型的控制通路216可能涉及使用耦合到在摄像机中的红外接收器的红外发射器，这种红外接收器通常从遥控器比如遥控器214中接收指令。遥控器214可以用于控制置顶盒202、第二存储装置210和电视212。
至少一部分按需式数据可以高速缓存在存储器204中。在某些实施例中，非按需式媒体数据和其它的应用数据也可以高速缓存在存储器204中。
如果需要话的，用户可以在数字存储装置208中以数字的形式记录节目(例如电影、电视节目、体育事件、这些节目的任何组合等)。数字存储装置208可以是可写的光学存储装置(例如能够处理可记录的DVD盘的DVD播放器)、磁性存储装置(比如盘驱动器或数字记录带)或任何其它的数字存储装置。具有数字存储装置的交互式电视节目导视系统例如描述在Hassell等人的美国专利申请No.08/157,256(1998年9月17日申请)中，在此以引用参考的方式将该申请的全部内容结合在本申请中。
数字存储装置208可以包含在置顶盒202中或者它可以是通过输出端和适当的接口连接到置顶盒202的外部装置。如果需要的话，在置顶盒202中的处理电路将所接收的视频、声频和数字信号格式化成数字文件格式。文件格式可以是开放式文件格式(open file format)比如运动图象专家组(MPEG)MPEG-2标准或者运动联合图象专家组(MJPEG)标准。所得的数据可以通过适当的总线(例如使用电子及电气工程师协会(IEEE)1394标准的总线)流入到数字存储装置208并存储在数字存储装置208中。在另一适合的方法中，可以从发布设备122(附图2-6)中接收并存储MPEG-2数据流或文件系列。
电视212可以通过通信通路220从第二存储装置210中接收视频信号。在通信通路220上的视频信号可以在播放预先记录的存储媒体(例如盒式录像带或可记录的数字视频盘)时通过第二存储装置210或者在播放预先记录的数字媒体时通过数字存储装置208产生，从置顶盒202中输出，并且如果第二存储装置210不包括在附图2-5的用户电视设备122中则可以直接提供给电视212，或者可以通过电视212直接接收。在正常收看电视时，提供给电视212的视频信号对应于用户通过置顶盒202已经调谐到的所需的频道。在使用置顶盒202来重播存储在数字存储装置208中的信息时视频信号也可以通过置顶盒202提供给电视212。
置顶盒202可以具有存储器204。存储器204可以是任何存储器或者其它的存储装置，比如随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、高速缓冲存储器、硬盘驱动器、这些装置的组合或者适合于存储交互式应用系统所使用的应用指令和应用数据的任何存储器。至少一部分非按需式数据、按需式数据或这些数据的组合都可以自动地高速缓存在存储器204中。高速缓存按需式媒体数据可以减小或消除在电视212上显示按需式媒体数据的等待时间，并且可以减小分布网络的资源负载，这取决于所选择的系统实施。
置顶盒202可以具有通信装置206，该通信装置206通过适合的通信通路直接与发布设备118(附图2-6)、服务器132(附图3和5)、因特网服务系统134(附图4-6)或者在某些实施例中的非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)或者按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)进行通信。通信装置206可以是调制解调器(例如电缆调制解调器、电话调制解调器、数字用户线(DSL)调制解调器、集成综合业务数字网络(ISDN)调制解调器或任何适合的模拟或数字调制解调器)、网络接口卡(例如以太网卡等)或者其它适合的通信装置。通信装置206也可以是例如具有以在附图6中所示的结构的因特网连接的个人计算机。如果需要的话电视212也可以具有这种适合的通信装置。在可替换的方法中，用户电视设备122(附图4-5)可以通过发布设备118使用适合的返回通路与因特网服务系统134(附图4-5)进行通信。
附图8所示为根据本发明的不同的实施例附图7的用户电视设备部分的实例性的示意方块图。通过用户电视设备122(附图2-5)的控制电路300或者个人计算机140(附图6)可以接收来自发布装置116(附图2-6)的应用数据200。控制电路300的功能可以集成在先进的电视接收器、个人计算机电视(PC/TV)或者任何其它适合的结构中。如果需要的话，也可以使用这种结构的组合。
附图8的用户电视设备122也可以具有用于记录媒体的数字存储装置312和第二存储装置314。第二存储装置314可以是任何适合类型的模拟或数字程序存储装置(例如盒式录象机(VCR)、个人录像机(PVR)、数字通用视盘(DVD)等)。通过控制电路300可以控制程序记录和其它特征。数字存储装置312例如可以是可写的光学存储装置(能够处理可记录的DVD盘的DVD播放器)、磁存储装置(比如磁盘驱动器或数字带)或者任何其它的数字存储装置。在某些实施例中，数字存储装置312可以高速缓存按需式媒体数据。
用户电视设备122也可以具有存储器302。存储器302可以是任何存储器或者其它的存储装置，比如随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、高速缓冲存储器、硬盘驱动器、这些装置的组合等，只要它适合于存储控制电路300所使用的应用指令和应用数据。存储器302也可以存储由交互式电视应用系统所使用的高速缓存的按需式媒体数据。
附图8的用户电视设备122也可以是支持在设备122和发布设备118(附图2-6)、服务器132(附图3和5)、因特网服务系统134(附图4-6)或者在某些实施例中的按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)或非按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)之间通过适合的通信通路进行通信的通信装置310。通信装置310可以调制解调器(例如电缆调制解调器、电话调制解调器、数字用户线(DSL)调制解调器、集成综合业务数字网络(ISDN)调制解调器或任何适合的模拟或数字调制解调器)、网络接口卡(例如以太网卡、令牌环形网卡等)或者其它适合的通信装置。
用户可以应用用户输入装置304控制用户电视设备122的操作。用户输入装置304可以是指点装置、无线遥控器、键盘、感应垫、语音识别系统或任何其它适合的用户输入装置。为收看电视，用户指令控制电路300来在数字存储装置208上显示所需的电视频道。显示装置308可以是任何适合的电视、监视器或其它的适合的显示装置。为使用应用系统的功能，用户可以指令应用系统产生主菜单或其它所需的显示以在显示装置308进行显示。为发出声音，用户可以指令控制电路300在声频装置306上提供声频媒体。声频装置306可以是显示装置308的一部分或者是分开的。
附图9所示为根据本发明的某些方面从多个数据源中检索并高速缓存数据的过程400的流程图。如图所示，在步骤402中从非按需式媒体数据源中可以检索非按需式媒体数据。例如，在某些实施例中交互式电视应用系统可以直接或通过发布装置116(附图2-6)和适合的通信通路从非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)中检索非按需式数据。对于用户电视设备122(附图2-5)或个人计算机140(附图6)中不需要从数据源中请求非按需式数据。相反，非按需式媒体数据源可以将非按需式数据周期性地发布给用户电视设备122(附图2-5)或者个人计算机140(附图6)。在某些实施例中，非按需式数据也可以存储在高速缓冲存储器中。
在步骤404中可以从按需式媒体数据源中周期性地检索按需式媒体数据。例如，用户电视设备122可以直接或通过发布装置116和适合的通信通路从非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)中检索按需式数据。对于用户设备122不需要从数据源请求按需式数据。相反，按需式媒体数据源可以周期性地将按需式数据发布给用户电视设备122或发布装置116。
在步骤406中在从按需式媒体数据源检索之后按需式媒体数据可以自动地高速缓存在用户电视设备中。按需式媒体数据例如可以高速缓存在存储器204(附图7)或存储器302(附图8)或数字存储装置208或312中。用户可以实时地启动高速缓存按需式媒体数据以减小发布按需式媒体数据的网络的峰值负载。例如，发布装置116(附图2-6)可以从非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1)或按需式媒体数据源128(附图1)将高速缓存时间表发布给用户电视设备122(附图2-5)或个人计算机140(附图6)以给交互电视应用系统指示将要高速缓存按需式媒体数据的时间。在某些实施例中，按需式媒体数据可以可预测地高速缓存以进一步减小等待时间。例如，可以高速缓存通常被存取或者可能要由该用户存取的按需式媒体数据(比如某一用户从给定的显示屏上可存取的特征)。在另一方法中，可以高速缓存最通用的媒体按需式数据。在进一步的其它的方法中，可以对高速缓存的数据进行个性化。例如，可以监测用户活动并基于用户的历史高速缓存按需式媒体。可以使用任何其它的适合的预测高速缓存。
在步骤408中，响应用户指示可以从高速缓存中检索按需式媒体数据并显示以存取至少该按需式媒体。例如，按需式媒体数据可以在显示屏中仅以按需式媒体数据提供，例如按需式视频清单显示屏。在其它方法中，可以与非按需式媒体数据、其它的应用数据或这些数据的任何适合的组合一起显示按需式媒体数据。
在步骤410中响应至少存取非按需式数据的用户指示可以显示非按需式媒体数据。例如，非按需式媒体数据可以在显示屏中仅以非按需式媒体数据提供，例如电视节目清单显示屏。在其它方法中，可以与按需式媒体数据、其它的应用数据或这些数据的任何适合的组合一起显示非按需式媒体数据。
附图10-11是根据本发明的不同的实施例提供非按需式数据和按需式数据的过程500的流程图。显示电视节目步骤502可以例如在用户电视设备122(附图2-5)或个人计算机140(附图6)上显示电视节目。在某些实施例中，设备122(附图2-6)可以连续地检查用户输入(来自如在附图7中所示的遥控器214的指令)。观看媒体信息测试504可以确定用户是否已经指示具有交互式电视应用显示媒体信息。媒体信息可以是非按需式媒体提供信息、按需式媒体提供信息、这些的信息的组合或任何适合的媒体信息。如果用户不选择进入交互式电视应用系统，则在步骤502中电视节目继续显示。如果用户选择在测试504中的观看媒体信息的选项，则可以显示交互式电视应用系统菜单(例如在附图12中所示的显示屏600)。
在用户已经选择查看媒体信息之后，测试506可以确定相应的媒体数据是否位于交互式电视应用系统的高速缓存中(例如存储器204、数字存储装置208、第二存储装置210等，如在附图7中所示)。在某些实施例中，在高速缓存中所存储的媒体数据可以是按需式媒体数据。如果所请求的数据不在高速缓存中，则步骤512可以确定在交互式电视应用系统(例如在附图2-5中所示的用户电视设备122)和数据源(例如发布装置116、非按需式媒体数据源124、按需式媒体数据源128等，如在附图1-6中所示)之间是否存在可提供所请求的媒体数据连接的连接。如果它在测试506中确定所请求的媒体数据在高速缓存中，则在步骤508中可以检索这些数据。在某些实施例中，可以高速缓存通常被存取或者可能要存取的媒体数据以使在显示媒体数据过程中的等待时间最小并且减小在传输系统资源上的负载。例如，可以高速缓存用户从给定的显示屏可存取的特征的按需式媒体数据。在其它的方法中，高速缓存最通用的媒体按需式数据。在进一步的其它方法中，可以个性化地高速缓存该数据。例如，可以监测用户活动并基于用户的历史高速缓存按需式媒体。可以使用任何其它的适合的预测高速缓存。
接着，测试510确定是否需要从数据源(例如非按需式媒体数据源124或按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索附加的媒体数据以显示用户所请求的媒体数据。在某些实施例中，要检索的媒体数据可以是按需式媒体数据。在某些实施例中，通常被存取或者可能要存取的媒体数据可以被高速缓存以使在显示媒体数据过程中的等待时间最小。如果确定不需要检索媒体数据，则在步骤518中可以将所请求的媒体数据(例如电视节目清单、按需式视频清单、交互式视频游戏清单、按需式声频清单、天气信息等)显示或提供给用户。
如果确定需要从数据源中检索媒体数据，则测试512可以确定在在交互式电视应用系统(例如在附图2-5中所示的用户设备122、在附图6中所示的个人计算机140等)和数据源(例如附图1的按需式媒体数据源128)之间是否已经建立了连接。如果没有预先已存在的连接，则在步骤514中可以建立连接。在某些实施例中，可以使用通信装置206(附图7)通过合适的通信通路来在用户电视设备122和发布装置116之间建立连接。在步骤514中已经建立了连接之后，在步骤516中可以从数据源中检索媒体信息(附图11)，并且在步骤518中将其显示(附图11)。在某些实施例中，所检索的信息可以是按需式媒体数据。
如在附图11中所示的测试520可以连续地检查用户是否要返回到电视节目。在某些实施例中，用户电视设备122(附图2-5)可以从如在附图7中所示的遥控器214中接收返回到电视节目的用户指示。如果用户不希望返回到电视节目，则在步骤518中媒体信息可以继续显示。如果用户选择返回到电视节目，则在步骤522中可以显示电视节目。在某些实施例中，媒体信息和电视节目都可以同时显示。
附图12所示为根据本发明的一种实施例交互式导视应用系统的实例性菜单显示屏600。如图所示，显示屏600可以包括广告显示屏602、广告横幅604、观众服务选项606、节目清单选项608、有线展示窗选项606和高亮区612。
广告显示屏602可以用于对例如节目、产品或促销向用户作广告。在某些实施例中，用户可以选择广告显示屏602以获得关于所提供的节目、产品或促销的更多的信息。在某些实施例中，广告602也可以针对用户的收视习惯、选择、购买或由任何适合的目标标准使用。广告显示屏可以出现在附图12-19中所示的显示屏中。
广告横幅604可以用于对特定的事件或促销作广告。在某些实施例中，用户可以选择广告横幅604以获得关于该特定的事件或促销的更多的信息。在某些实施例中，广告604也可以例如针对用户的收视习惯、选择、购买或由任何适合的目标标准使用。广告横幅可以出现在附图12-19中所示的显示屏中。
响应用户选择促销非按需式媒体或产品的广告602或604，交互式应用系统例如可以通过在用户设备122和非按需式媒体数据源122(附图1)之间建立客户/服务器会话从存储器中检索节目或产品的信息。响应用户选择促销按需式媒体的广告602或604，交互式应用系统例如可以确定是否已经高速缓存了经作广告的按需式媒体的数据，如果是这样，则从该高速缓存中检索用于按需式媒体的信息并将它提供在适合的显示屏上。在没有高速缓存作广告的按需式媒体的数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以例如在用户设备122和非按需式媒体数据源122(如附图1所示)之间建立客户/服务器会话并接收数据以进行显示。为显示广告可能已经基于时间表高速缓存了按需式媒体的数据，并且在显示并使其用户可获得该广告时或者基于任何其它适合的标准可能已经高速缓存。
显示屏600也可以包含观众服务选项606。适合的观众服务选项606可以包括存取个人摄像机的特征或信息的选项、存取消息(例如电子邮件消息、来自电视系统服务提供商的消息等)的选项、调整父母控制设置(例如禁止的频道或等级等)的选项、设定最喜欢(例如，最喜欢的频道等)的选项、设定节目指南或用户设备的选项、退出显示屏600的选项或任何适合的选项。
显示屏600也可以包含节目清单选项608。选项608可以包括查看以时间组织的、以频道组织的、以类型组织的(例如体育、儿童等)或者任何其它适合组织的节目清单的选项。选项608也可以包括搜索感兴趣的节目的选项(例如使用关键词、基于标题搜索、基于演员搜索等)。
有线展示窗选项606可以包括例如按需式视频节目清单选项、按次付费节目清单选项、按次付费事件清单选项、优惠频道清单选项、音乐频道清单选项、成人节目清单选项或任何其它适合的选项。
高亮区612可以用于在显示屏600上指示用户的选择。在本发明的某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以接收来自遥控器214(附图7)的用户指令以在显示屏600内或在附图12-20中所示的任何显示屏内移动高亮区612。
响应用户在附图12中的显示屏600中所示的选择VOD(按需式视频)选项，交互式导视应用系统可以给用户提供显示，比如附图13的显示屏620。如图所示，VOD显示屏620可以包括允许用户查看通过不同的类型组织的VOD节目清单的各种选项。这些类型选项可以包括：按字母顺序的电影类清单选项622、新发行类选项624、特殊类选项626、有线精选选项628、马上回来选项630、电影存储器选项632、成人专用选项634、家庭类选项636、动作类选项638、戏剧类选项640、喜剧类选项642、儿童类选项644、惊险类选项646、古典类选项648或任何其它适合的选项。在某些实施例中，不同的类型的选项可能是从按需式媒体数据源(例如在附图1中所示的按需式媒体数据源128)中检索并高速缓存的按需式媒体数据。例如，在用户存取显示屏600(附图12)或者选择VOD选项612(附图12)或者周期性地或以其它合适的时间都可以高速缓存显示选项标签和其它相关的信息。
例如响应用户选择显示屏620的按字母顺序的电影清单选项622，交互式电视应用系统可以提供在其中按字母顺序地列出按需式视频选项的附图14的显示屏650。如图所示，显示屏650可以包括按字母顺序范围显示区652、按字母顺序范围箭头654、清单箭头656、电影清单658和高亮区660。在显示产生的过程中，交互式电视应用系统可以检查它的高速缓存(例如存储器204(附图7)或存储器302(附图8))以确定是否已经高速缓存了所需的按需式媒体数据(在本实例中为按需式视频的标题)。例如，如果通常存取或者将要存取按字母顺序排列的电影标题数据，则在用户存取显示屏620(附图13)时交互式电视应用系统可能已经自动地检索并高速缓存了该数据。在另一实例中，该系统可以首先高速缓存在每个按字母顺序范围中的少数几个标题(例如清单的一页)。在已经高速缓存了数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以检索显示的信息。否则，交互式电视应用系统可以从按需式媒体数据源(例如按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索按需式媒体数据。
在区652中所示出了由显示屏650所包含的电影的按字母顺序范围。在某些实施例中，仅有一部分的按需式视频供应可以如箭头654所示地显示在显示屏650上。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以在按字母顺序表中前向或后向定位。类似地，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214中接收用户指令以通过附图14的按需式视频清单658定位。在某些实施例中，该系统可以检索并高速缓存在显示屏上的每个标题的详细信息，每次更新显示屏以显示不同按需式标题组。这可以允许该系统在用户选择它时显示关于该选择的详细信息，而不必等待从按需式媒体源中要检索的数据。
用户可以使用高亮区660从按需式视频清单658中选择每个按需式视频电影标题。在某些实施例中，每个按需式视频电影的显示屏比如在附图15中所示的显示屏760可以提供给用户。附图15的显示屏760可以包括标题672，该标题可以是所选择的按需式视频清单的标题。等级674可以给用户指示所选择的按需式视频电影的等级(例如，G、PG、PG-13、R等)。运行时间676可以以例如小时和分钟指示按需式视频选择的长度。成本678可以指示查看按需式视频选择的成本。在某些实施例中，用户可以接收成本并通过选择“是”按钮680查看所选择的按需式视频标题。可替换的是，用户可以通过“否”按钮682降序排列按需式视频标题。在某些实施例中，用户可以在作订购决定之前选择预览按需式视频选择(例如收看摘录、电影预告片或其它的促销视频片段)的选项。信息区684可以提供与按需式视频选择相关的信息，包括标题、发行日期、出租期限、收看期限、电影概要、男/女演员名字或其它任何适合的信息。在某些实施例中，从高速缓存中检索在显示屏670中提供的信息，以使在用户选择它时可以提供与选择相关的信息。标题、等级、成本、运行时间、发行日期、租用日期、收看期限、电影概要、男/女演员名字、制造商的名字、产品电影制片厂名字或任何其它合适的信息都可以预先存储在高速缓存中并根据用户指示检索显示以查看每个按需式视频选择。因此，用户可能不会经历到可能与必须从按需式视频数据源中检索数据相关的延迟。
在某些实施例中，交互式电视应用系统可以将按需式视频节目清单与电视节目清单组合显示在相同的显示屏中。在附图16的显示屏700中，例如，节目清单702可以以时间组织。交互式电视应用系统可以例如响应用户从节目清单选项608中通过时间选项进行的选择可以提供显示屏700(附图12)。在显示屏产生的过程中，交互式电视应用系统可以检查它的高速缓存(例如存储器204(附图7)或者存储器302(附图8))以确定是否已经高速缓存了所需的按需式媒体数据(在本实例中为按需式视频标题704)。例如，如果通常存取或者可能要存取特定的时间片段的清单，如果特定的VOD标题要促进这些时间片段，在用户存取显示屏600(附图12)时或在用户通过时间选项(附图12)选择时或在某些早先时候交互式电视应用系统可以自动检索并高速缓存这些数据。在已经高速缓存了这些数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以检索显示的信息。否则，交互式电视应用系统可以从按需式媒体数据源(例如按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索按需式媒体数据。从非按需式媒体数据源(例如非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1))中可以检索电视节目清单706的非按需式媒体数据。
在本实例中，非按需式节目清单706对应于在区域708中所指示的时间的过程中(例如，在附图16的实例中的12：30PM)显示的节目。箭头710向用户指示可获得其它时间的节目清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以滚动在不同的时间提供的清单。为满足在由区域708中所指示的时间或以实际的按需式方法中在任何时间中查看的需要可以获得由节目清单704所指示的按需式视频媒体。按需式视频节目清单可以提供在显示屏700中以促销这些节目。
可以获得比在显示屏700上更多的电视节目清单和按需式视频节目清单。箭头712可以给用户指示通过滚屏可以获得更多的清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以滚动节目清单702的列表。在用户滚过时间周期的清单的附加页或者滚屏到其它的时间周期的清单时，可以从高速缓存中检索或从远程服务器中检索附加的非按需式清单和按需式清单。
在屏幕700或在附图12-20中所示的任何其它的屏幕显示时，交互式电视应用系统可以继续从当前调谐的电视节目或其它的非按需式或按需式媒体中播放声音记录槽。可替换的是，交互式电视节目应用系统可以减小视频记录槽的尺寸，并在与任何显示屏同时显示。在另一变型实施例中，按需式数据或非按需式数据都可以叠加在视频记录槽的顶部上。以按需式媒体服务器或其它的服务器打开会话可以要求交互式电视应用系统来使用在置顶盒中的调谐器，因此失去声频或视频。因此，非常希望从用于最普通的屏幕和同时显示视频和清单的任何屏幕的高速缓存中检索数据。在显示非按需式清单和按需式清单的屏幕上，用户可能不期望失去视频连接，并且也可能不希望经历检索按需式清单的延迟。
附图17所示为根据本发明的一种实施例实例性的交互式电视应用显示屏720，在该显示屏720中通过体育类型组织按需式视频节目清单724和电视节目清单726。交互式电视应用系统可以响应用户在附图12的显示屏600中选择节目清单选项608的体育选项显示显示屏720。在显示产生的过程中，交互式电视应用系统可以检查它的高速缓存(例如存储器204(附图7))或存储器302(附图8)以确定是否已经高速缓存了所需的按需式媒体数据(在本实例中为按需式视频标题724)。例如，如果通常存取或可能要存取体育媒体的清单，则在用户存取显示屏600(附图12)时或在用户选择体育选项608(附图12)时或在其它早先的时候交互式电视应用系统可能已经自动地检索并高速缓存这些数据。在已经高速缓存了这些数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以检索显示信息。否则，交互式电视应用系统可以从按需式媒体数据源(例如按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索按需式媒体数据。从非按需式媒体数据源(例如非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1))或本地高速缓存中可以检索电视节目清单726的非按需式媒体数据。
箭头730可以指示用户可以滚动时间以查看节目清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以在不同的时间滚过节目清单722。在某些实施例中，显示屏720可以不显示所有的可得的电视节目清单726和按需式视频清单724。如箭头732所示，用户可以滚过在时间区728中所显示的给定时间中的体育清单722。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以滚过节目清单722。
附图18所示为根据本发明的一种实施例的实例性的交互式电视应用显示屏750，在显示屏750中通过电影类型组织组合的清单752的按需式视频节目清单754和电视节目清单756。例如响应用户从附图12的显示屏600的节目清单选项608中选择电影选项，交互式电视应用系统可以提供显示屏750。在显示产生的过程中，交互式应用系统可以检查它的高速缓存(例如存储器204(附图7)或存储器302(附图8))以确定是否已经高速缓存了所需的按需式媒体数据(在本实例中为按需式视频标题754)。例如，如果通常存取或可能要存取电影清单，则在用户存取显示屏600(附图12)时或在用户选择体育选项608(附图12)时或在其它早先时候交互式电视应用系统可能已经自动地检索并高速缓存这些数据。在已经高速缓存了这些数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以检索显示信息。否则，交互式电视应用系统可以从按需式媒体数据源(例如按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索按需式媒体数据。从非按需式媒体数据源(例如非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1))或高速缓存中可以检索电视节目清单756的非按需式媒体数据。
组合的清单752可以以时间组织。区域758可以指示显示在组合的清单752中的节目的时间。箭头760可以指示用户可以滚动时间以查看不同时间的组合清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以在区域758中所指示的不同的时间观看组合清单752。在某些实施例中，在区域758中所示的给定的时间在显示屏750上可以不显示所有的可得的电视节目清单756和按需式视频清单754。箭头762指示可得到更多的清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以滚过组合的清单752。
附图19所示为根据本发明的一种实施例的实例性的交互式电视应用显示屏800，在显示屏800中通过儿童类型组织组合的清单802的按需式视频节目清单804和电视节目清单806。例如响应用户从附图12的显示屏600的节目清单选项608中选择儿童类型选项，交互式电视应用系统可以提供显示屏800。在显示产生的过程中，交互式应用系统可以检查它的高速缓存(例如存储器204(附图7)或存储器302(附图8))以确定是否已经高速缓存了所需的按需式媒体数据(在本实例中为按需式视频标题804)。例如，如果通常存取或可能要存取儿童节目清单，则在用户存取显示屏600(附图12)时或在用户选择体育选项608(附图12)时或在其它的早先时候交互式电视应用系统可能已经自动地检索并高速缓存这些数据。在已经高速缓存了这些数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以检索显示信息。否则，交互式电视应用系统可以从按需式媒体数据源(例如按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索按需式媒体数据。从非按需式媒体数据源(例如非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1))或高速缓存中可以检索电视节目清单806的非按需式媒体数据。
组合的清单802可以根据时间组织。区域758可以指示显示在显示屏800中的组合的清单802的时间。箭头810可以指示用户可以滚动时间以查看不同时间的组合清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令在区域808中滚动时间以查看不同的组合清单。在某些实施例中，箭头812指示用户可以查看附加的电视节目和按需式视频清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以滚过节目清单802。
对在通过交互式电视应用系统所提供的显示屏(例如在附图12-20中所示的显示屏)中的清单可以进行彩色编码或以其它方式在视觉上区别开以清楚地显示可收看到什么类型的节目。例如，在附图19的显示屏800中，按需式视频选项804可以为红色以指示该选项是电影，而以橙色显示电视节目选项806以指示该选项是常规的儿童电视节目。
附图20所示为根据本发明的一种实施例用于促销按需式视频节目和电视节目的推荐的收视显示屏820。例如响应用户选择附图13的有线精选选项628，交互式电视应用系统提供如附图20的显示屏820。在显示产生的过程中，交互式应用系统可以检查它的高速缓存(例如存储器204(附图7)或存储器302(附图8))以确定是否已经高速缓存了所需的按需式媒体数据(在本实例中为按需式视频标题804)。例如，如果通常存取或可能要存取有线精选清单，则在用户存取显示屏620(附图13)时或在用户选择有线精选选项628(附图13)时或在其它的早先时候交互式电视应用系统可能已经自动地检索并高速缓存这些数据。在已经高速缓存了这些数据时，交互式电视应用系统可以检索显示信息。否则，交互式电视应用系统可以从按需式媒体数据源(例如按需式媒体数据源128(附图1))中检索按需式媒体数据。从非按需式媒体数据源(例如非按需式媒体数据源124(附图1))或高速缓存中可以检索电视节目清单的非按需式媒体数据。
附图20的显示屏820可以包含有线精选选项822，这个选项是通过发布装置(例如在附图2-6中所示的发布装置116)或其它合适的实体的操作员促销的节目清单。操作员可能希望促销流行的按需式视频供应物、优惠频道、按次付费节目、特殊节目、常规电视节目或任何适合的节目。
组合的清单822可以根据时间组织。区域826可以指示显示清单822的时间。箭头828可以指示用户可以滚动时间以查看不同时间的组合清单。箭头830指示可获得比在显示屏820上所示的更多的清单。在某些实施例中，置顶盒202(附图7)可以从遥控器214(附图7)中接收用户指令以滚过带有高亮区824的组合的清单822。
在附图12-20中所示的任何清单屏的清单中可以提供图标。如附图20所示，检查图标832可以用于指示已经订购了按次付费节目或者已经将其余的节目设定为非按次付费节目。如附图20所示，检查图标可以用于指示已经订购了按需式视频节目。锁定图标834可以用于指示使用节目导视父母控制功能已经中断了节目的时间。在用户从在附图12的显示屏600上的节目清单选项608中搜索时，交互式电视应用系统可以允许用户基于关键词、节目标题、演员等进行节目清单的搜索。交互式电视应用系统搜索与指定的搜索标准相匹配的媒体的非按需式数据和按需式数据。在单个屏幕中可以组合两种搜索的结果，并且可以混合两种类型的媒体的标题。如果需要的话，交互式电视应用系统可以将搜索仅限制到当前高速缓存的数据以进行快速搜索。可替换的是，用户可以选择仅搜索高速缓存或者搜索从高速缓存、按需式服务器和非按需式服务器可使用的所有数据。
因此，可以看出，已经提供了检索非按需式和按需式媒体数据的系统和方法。本领域的普通技术人员可以理解的是，本发明可以以除了上述的实施例以外的方式实施，上述的实施例仅是用于说明的目的，而不是限制本发明，并且本发明仅由下面附加的权利要求限定。

Claims (79)

1.一种用于在交互式电视应用系统中检索数据的方法，在该交互式电视应用系统中通过非按需式媒体数据源提供非按需式媒体数据和通过按需式媒体数据源提供按需式媒体数据，其中非按需式和按需式媒体数据源是分开的，所述方法包括：
从非按需式媒体数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据；
从按需式媒体数据源中自动地检索按需式媒体数据；
自动地高速缓存按需式媒体数据；
响应至少存取按需式媒体数据的用户指示从高速缓存中显示按需式媒体数据；和
响应至少存取非按需式数据的用户指示显示非按需式媒体数据。
2.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的非按需式媒体数据是电视节目清单数据。
3.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是类型数据。
4.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式电视应用软件数据。
5.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式视频清单数据。
6.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式声频清单数据。
7.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式视频游戏清单数据。
8.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是天气数据。
9.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是体育统计数据。
10.权利要求1所述的方法，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是股票市场数据。
11.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括与非按需式媒体数据同时提供元数据。
12.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括与按需式媒体数据同时提供元数据。
13.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括响应按需式媒体清单的用户选择从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
14.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括确定是否高速缓存了按需式媒体数据。
15.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括确定是否需要从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
16.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括确定在交互式电视应用系统和按需式媒体数据源之间是否存在连接。
17.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括建立在交互式电视应用系统和按需式媒体数据源之间的连接。
18.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括从多个按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
19.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括高速缓存来自多个按需式媒体数据源的按需式媒体数据。
20.权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括同时显示非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据。
21.一种用于在交互式电视应用系统中检索数据的计算机可读媒体，在该系统中通过非按需式媒体数据源提供非按需式媒体数据和通过按需式媒体数据源提供按需式媒体数据，其中按需式和非按需式媒体数据源是分开的，其中以机器可读指令编码该媒体以执行包括如下步骤的方法：
从非按需式媒体数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据；
从按需式媒体数据源中自动地检索按需式媒体数据；
自动地高速缓存按需式媒体数据；
响应至少存取按需式媒体数据的用户指示从高速缓存中显示按需式媒体数据；和
响应至少存取非按需式数据的用户指示显示非按需式媒体数据。
22.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的非按需式媒体数据是电视节目清单数据。
23.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是类型数据。
24.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式电视应用软件数据。
25.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式视频清单数据。
26.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式声频清单数据。
27.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式视频游戏清单数据。
28.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是天气数据。
29.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是体育统计数据。
30.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是股票市场数据。
31.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括与非按需式媒体数据同时提供元数据。
32.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括与按需式媒体数据同时提供元数据。
33.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括响应按需式媒体清单的用户选择从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
34.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括确定是否高速缓存了按需式媒体数据。
35.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括确定是否需要从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
36.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括确定在交互式电视应用系统和按需式媒体数据源之间是否存在连接。
37.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括建立在交互式电视应用系统和按需式媒体数据源之间的连接。
38.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括从多个按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
39.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括高速缓存来自多个按需式媒体数据源的按需式媒体数据。
40.权利要求21所述的计算机可读媒体，进一步包括同时显示非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据。
41.一种用于在交互式电视应用系统中检索数据的系统，在该交互式电视应用系统中通过非按需式媒体数据源提供非按需式媒体数据和通过按需式媒体数据源提供按需式媒体数据，其中按需式和非按需式媒体数据源是分开的，所述系统包括：
从非按需式媒体数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据的装置；
从按需式媒体数据源中自动地检索按需式媒体数据的装置；
自动地高速缓存按需式媒体数据的装置；
响应至少存取按需式媒体数据的用户指示从高速缓存中显示按需式媒体数据的装置；和
响应至少存取非按需式数据的用户指示显示非按需式媒体数据的装置。
42.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的非按需式媒体数据是电视节目清单数据。
43.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是类型数据。
44.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式电视应用软件数据。
45.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式视频清单数据。
46.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式声频清单数据。
47.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式视频游戏清单数据。
48.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是天气数据。
49.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是体育统计数据。
50.权利要求41所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是股票市场数据。
51.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括与非按需式媒体数据同时提供元数据的装置。
52.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括与按需式媒体数据同时提供元数据的装置。
53.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括响应按需式媒体清单的用户选择从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据的装置。
54.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括确定是否高速缓存了按需式媒体数据的装置。
55.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括确定是否需要从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据的装置。
56.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括确定在交互式电视应用系统和按需式媒体数据源之间是否存在连接的装置。
57.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括建立在交互式电视应用系统和按需式媒体数据源之间的连接的装置。
58.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括从多个按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据的装置。
59.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括高速缓存来自多个按需式媒体数据源的按需式媒体数据的装置。
60.权利要求41所述的系统，进一步包括同时显示非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据的装置。
61.一种用于在交互式电视应用系统中检索数据的系统，在该交互式电视应用系统中通过非按需式媒体数据源提供非按需式媒体数据和通过按需式媒体数据源提供按需式媒体数据，其中非按需式和按需式媒体数据源是分开的，所述系统包括：
用于与按需式媒体数据源和非按需式媒体数据源进行通信的通信装置；
高速缓冲存储器；
显示装置；
用户输入装置；
控制电路被编程为：
控制通信装置从非按需式媒体数据源中检索非按需式媒体数据；
自动地控制通信装置从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据；
在高速缓冲存储器中自动地高速缓存按需式媒体数据；
响应从用户输入装置中至少存取按需式媒体数据的用户指示，控制显示装置显示在高速缓冲存储器中高速缓存的按需式媒体数据；和
响应从用户输入装置中至少存取非按需式媒体数据的用户指示，控制显示装置显示非按需式媒体数据
62.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的非按需式媒体数据是电视节目清单数据。
63.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是类型数据。
64.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式电视应用软件数据。
65.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式视频清单数据。
66.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是按需式声频清单数据。
67.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是交互式视频游戏清单数据。
68.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是天气数据。
69.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是体育统计数据。
70.权利要求61所述的系统，其中所检索的按需式媒体数据是股票市场数据。
71.权利要求61所述的系统，其中与非按需式媒体数据一起同时检索元数据。
72.权利要求61所述的系统，其中与按需式媒体数据一起同时检索元数据。
73.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路确定按需式媒体数据是否高速缓存在高速缓冲存储器中。
74.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路确定是否需要从按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
75.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路确定在通信装置和按需式媒体数据源之间是否存在连接。
76.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路在通信装置和按需式媒体数据源之间建立连接。
77.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路使用通信装置从多个按需式媒体数据源中检索按需式媒体数据。
78.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路将来自多个按需式媒体数据源的按需式媒体数据高速缓存在高速缓冲存储器中。
79.权利要求61所述的系统，其中指示控制电路在显示装置上同时显示非按需式媒体数据和按需式媒体数据。
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