CN1976261A - 光纤收发信机的集成存储器控制器电路 - Google Patents

光纤收发信机的集成存储器控制器电路 Download PDF

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CN1976261A
CN1976261A CNA2006101495581A CN200610149558A CN1976261A CN 1976261 A CN1976261 A CN 1976261A CN A2006101495581 A CNA2006101495581 A CN A2006101495581A CN 200610149558 A CN200610149558 A CN 200610149558A CN 1976261 A CN1976261 A CN 1976261A
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L·B·阿伦森
S·G·霍斯金
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • G01M99/002—Thermal testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H04B10/0799—Monitoring line transmitter or line receiver equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to optical transmission systems
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Abstract

一种控制器，用于控制具有激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的收发信机。控制器包括：存储器，用于存储有关收发信机的信息；以及模数转换电路，用于接收来自激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的多个模拟信号、将接收的模拟信号转换成数字值并将数字值存储在存储器内的预定位置。比较逻辑，用于对这些数字值中的一个或多个与极限值进行比较，根据比较结果产生标记值并将标记值存储在存储器内的预定位置。控制器中的控制电路根据存储在存储器中的一个或多个数值控制激光发射器的工作。设置串行接口，使主机能从存储器的位置中读出和向存储器的位置写入。除了少量的二进制输入和输出信号外，收发信机的全部控制和监控功能都映像到控制器中唯一的存储器映像位置。控制器的多种控制功能和多种监控功能均由主计算机通过访问控制器中的相应的存储器映像位置来实现。

Description

光纤收发信机的集成存储器控制器电路
本申请是申请号为02807851.9、申请日为2002年2月4日、发明名称为“光纤收发信机的集成存储器控制器电路”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及光纤收发信机领域，详细地说，涉及用于收发信机中完成控制、配置、监控和识别等操作的电路。
背景技术
光纤收发信机中两个最基本的电子电路是：激光器驱动电路，它接收高速数字数据并电驱动LED或激光二极管以产生等效的光脉冲；以及接收器电路，它从光探测器取出较小的信号并放大和限制这些信号，以产生均匀幅度的数字电子输出。除了这些基本功能之外，(有时是结合这些基本功能)，还有许多必须由收发信机电路处理的其它任务，以及许多可由收发信机电路选择处理以改进其功能的任务。这些任务包括但不必限于下列各项：
Figure A20061014955800071
配置功能。这些一般涉及在工厂中对部件进行的必要调节，用于改变诸如激光二极管的阈电流等的元件特性。
Figure A20061014955800072
识别。这涉及通用存储器，通常是EEPROM(电可擦除可编程只读存储器)或其它非易失性存储器。所述存储器最好可利用串行通信标准存取，所述串行通信标准用来存储识别收发信机的型号、能力、序列号以及与各种标准的兼容性的各种信息。如果不是标准的，最好在此存储器中存储附加信息，例如子元件的更改和工厂的测试数据。
Figure A20061014955800073
眼安全和一般故障检测。这些功能用来识别异常和潜在的不安全操作参数并将这些报告给用户和/或必要时关断激光器。
此外，在许多收发信机中控制电路最好部分或全部完成以下附加功能：
温度补偿功能。例如补偿关键激光器特性(例如斜率效率)的已知温度改变。
监控功能。监控与收发信机的工作特性和环境有关的各种参数。需要监控的参数实例包括激光器的偏(置电)流、激光器的输出功率、接收的功率电平、供电电压和温度。理想的是这些参数应由主机装置监控，向主机报告或使主机以及收发信机的用户可得到这些参数。
上电时间。收发信机的控制电路最好能跟踪收发信机处于上电状态的总小时数并报告给主机或使主机可得到此时间值。
Figure A20061014955800084
加边界。“加边界”是使最终用户可以在已知对理想操作条件的偏离的情况下测试收发信机的性能的机制，通常采用对用于驱动收发信机的有源元件的控制信号加以定标的方法。
Figure A20061014955800085
其它数字信号。最好使主机能将收发信机配置成能与数字输入和输出的极性和输出类型的各种要求相兼容。例如，数字输入用作发射器禁止以及速率选择功能，而输出用于指示发射器故障和信号丢失情况。配置值将决定一个或多个二进制输入或输出信号的极性。在某些收发信机中，最好用这些配置值来规定一个或多个输入或输出值的标度，例如规定定标因数和输入或输出值结合使用。
在大多数收发信机中这些附加功能即使实现，也是极少的，部分原因是这样做的成本很高。这些功能的一部分已用分立电路实现，例如使用通用EEPROM作识别目的，将部分功能包括到激光器驱动器或接收器电路中(例如在激光器电路中某种程度的温度补偿)或利用市售的微控制器集成电路。但直至今日尚没有任何收发信机能以低价的方式提供支持上述所有功能以及未列于此的附加功能的统一的装置体系结构。
本发明的目的是提供一种通用和灵活的集成电路，它能用一种直接的存储器映射体系结构和简单的串行通信机制完成上述所有(或任何子集)功能。
图1示出典型的先有技术光纤收发信机的基本特征。主电路1至少包括发射和接收电路通路和电源19以及接地线18。接收电路通常由接收器光学子组件(ROSA2)构成，ROSA2含有一个机械式光纤插座以及光电二极管和前置放大器(preamp)电路。ROSA再连接到后置放大器(postamp)集成电路4，后置放大器(postamp)集成电路4d的功能是产生固定的输出摆动数字信号，该摆动数字信号通过RX+和RX-管脚17连接到外部电路。后置放大器电路也常常提供人们称之为“信号检测(Signal Detect)”或“信号丢失(Loss of Signal)”的数字输出信号，表明是否有适当强的光输入。信号检测(Signal Detect)输出通过管脚18作为输出信号提供。发射电路通常由发射器光学子组件(TOSA)3和激光器驱动器集成电路5构成。TOSA包括机械式光纤插座以及激光二极管或LED。激光器驱动电路通常对激光器提供AC驱动以及DC偏流。AC驱动器的信号输入从TX+和TX-管脚18获得。通常，激光器驱动电路需要各工厂设定某些参数，例如偏置电流(或输出功率)电平和对激光器的AC调制驱动。一般采用调节可变电阻或设置工厂选择的电阻7，9(即具有工厂选择的电阻值)等方法来完成。此外，常需要偏流的温度补偿和调制。此功能可以集成到激光器驱动器的集成电路中，或通过使用外部的温度敏感元件，例如热敏电阻6，8来完成。
除了上述最基本的功能之外，一些收发信机平台标准涉及附加功能。其实例为在GBIC标准中说明的TX禁止13和TX故障14管脚。在GBIC标准中，TX禁止管脚使发射器可以由主机来关断，而TX故障14管脚是向主机指示存在于激光器或关联的激光器驱动电路中的故障的指示器。除了所述基本说明外，GBIC标准还包括一系列时间图，说明这些控制的功能以及如何交互来实现复位操作和其它动作。大部分这类功能的目的在于当激光器电路中存在有故障情况时防止对眼不安全的发射电平。这些功能可以集成到激光器驱动电路本身或任选的附加集成电路11中。最后，GBIC标准还需要EEPROM10来存储可以通过串行接口(由时钟15和数据线16构成)读出的标准化的串行ID信息(定义为利用ATMEL AT2401系列的EEPROM产品的串行接口)。
作为机械式光纤插座的替代，一些先有技术的收发信机使用光纤尾纤，这是标准的凸形光纤连接器。
显然，类似原理适用于仅实现所有收发信机功能的一半的光纤发射器和接收器。
发明内容
本发明最好以单片集成电路的形式来实现，有时称为控制器，用于控制具有激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的收发信机。控制器包括：存储器，用于存储收发信机的有关信息；以及模数转换电路，用于接收来自激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的多个模拟信号，将接收的模拟信号转换成数字信号，并将数字值存储在存储器内的预定位置。比较逻辑将这些数字值中的一个或多个与极限值进行比较，根据比较结果产生标记值，并将标记值存储在存储器内的预定位置。控制电路根据存储在存储器中的一个或多个数值控制激光发射器的工作。设置串行接口使主机能够从存储器的位置读出或向存储器的位置写入。由主计算机通过存取控制器中相应的存储器映像位置来实现控制器的多种控制功能和多种监控功能。
在一些实施例中，控制器还包括累计时钟，用于产生对应于收发信机累计操作时间的时间值，所产生的时间值可通过串行接口读出。
在一些实施例中，控制器还包括电源电压传感器，它产生对应于收发信机电源电压电平的电源电平信号。在这些实施例中，模数转换电路配置成将电源电平信号转换成数字电源电平值并将此数字电源电平值存储在存储器中预定的电源电平位置。此外，控制器的比较逻辑还任选地包括用于将数字电源电平值和电源(即电压)电平极限值进行比较、根据数字电源电平值和电源(即电压)电平极限值的比较结果产生标志值、并将电源电平标志值存储在存储器中预定的电源电平标志位置的逻辑。应当指出，电源电压传感器测量收发信机的电压供电电平，该电压供电电平明显地不同于接收到的光信号的功率电平。
在一些实施例中，控制器还包括温度传感器，它产生对应于收发信机温度的温度信号。在这些实施例中，模数转换电路配置成将温度信号转换成数字温度值并将此数字温度值存储在存储器中预定的温度位置。此外，控制器的比较逻辑还任选地包括用于将数字温度值与温度极限值进行比较、根据数字温度值与温度极限值的比较结果产生标志值、并将温度标志值存储在存储器中预定的温度标志位置的逻辑。
在一些实施例中，控制器还包括“加边界”电路，用于根据存储在存储器中的调节值调节由控制电路产生的一个或多个控制信号。
附图说明
从以下结合附图所作的详细说明和所附权利要求书中，就可更容易明白本发明的其它目的和特征。
图1是先有技术的光电收发信机的方框图。
图2是根据本发明的光电收发信机的方框图。
图3是图2的光电收发信机控制器中的模块的方框图。
具体实施方式
基于本发明的收发信机100示于图2和3。收发信机100包括接收器光学子组件(ROSA)102和发射器光学子组件(TOSA)103，还有相关联的后置放大器104和激光器驱动器105集成电路，该集成电路把高速电信号传送到外界。但在这种情况下，所有的其它控制和配置功能都用称为控制器IC的第三单片集成电路110实现。
控制器IC 110处理与最终用户的所有低速通信。这些包括标准化的管脚功能，例如信号丢失(LOS)111、发射器故障指示(TXFAULT)14、以及发射器禁止输入(TXDIS)13。控制器IC 110具有双线串行接口121，也称为存储器接口，用于存取控制器中的存储器映像位置。以下的存储器映像表1，2，3和4是在本发明的一个实施例中实现的收发信机控制器实施例的示范存储器映像。应当指出，存储器映像表1，2，3和4除了示出本文中说明的数值和控制特征的存储器映像外，还示出在本文范围外的一些参数和控制机制，因而不是本发明的一部分。
接口121连接到主机接口的输入/输出线，通常是时钟(SCL)和数据(SDA)线，15和16。在优选实施例中，串行接口121按照也用于GBIC和SFP标准的双线串行接口标准工作，但其它串行接口也可同样使用在不同的实施例中。双线串行接口121用于控制器IC 110的所有配置和询问，并能作为存储器的映像装置接入光电收发信机的控制电路。也就是说，表和参数的配置是靠将数据写入控制器中一个或多个非易失性存储器件120、122、128(例如EEPROM)的预定存储器位置，而诊断和其它输出和状态值则靠读出同样的存储器件120、121、122的预定存储器位置来输出。所述技术和许多收发信机的当前定义的串行ID功能相一致，在这些收发信机中双线串行接口用来读出存储在EEPROM中的识别和能力数据。
此处应当指出，在存储器件120、121、128中一些存储器位置是双端口的，有些情况甚至是三端口的。也就是说，当这些存储器映像位置可通过串行接口121读出以及有时写入时，它们也可由控制器110中的其它电路直接存取。例如，存储在存储器120中的某些“边界”值可以由逻辑134读出并直接用来调节(即按比例放大或缩小)发送到D/A输出装置123的驱动电平信号。同理，还有存储标志的存储器128，它们：(A)由逻辑电路131写入，(B)由逻辑电路133直接读出。不在存储器件中但却是有效双端口的存储器映像位置实例是时钟132的输出或结果寄存器。此时寄存器中的累计时间值可通过串行接口121读出，但由时钟电路132中的电路写入。
除了时钟132的结果寄存器外，其它存储器映像位置也可用控制器各子电路的输入或输出的寄存器来实现。例如，用来控制逻辑134工作的边界值可以存储在逻辑134内或附近，而不是存储在存储器件128中。在另一实例中，由ADC 127产生的测量值可以存储在寄存器中。存储器接口121配置成每当存储器接口接收到命令要访问存储在对应的预定存储器映像位置的数据时它就能访问这些寄存器中的每一个。在这种实施例中，“存储器中的位置”包括整个控制器中的存储器映像寄存器。
在另一个实施例中，时钟132的结果寄存器中的时间值，或对应于所述时间值的数值，定期存入存储器128中的存储器位置(例如可以是装置工作的每分钟或每小时一次)。在此实施例中，主机通过接口121读出的时间值是存储在存储器128中的最后时间值，而不是时钟132的结果寄存器中的当前时间值。
如图2所示，控制器IC 110连接到激光器驱动器105和接收器元件。这些连接有多种功能。控制器IC具有多个D/A变换器123。在优选实施例中，D/A变换器用电流源实现，但在其它实施例中，D/A变换器也可用电压源来实现，在另一些实施例中D/A变换器也可用数字电位器来实现。在优选实施例中，D/A变换器的输出信号用来控制激光器驱动电路105的关键参数。在一个实施例中，D/A变换器的输出用来直接控制激光器的偏流，而且也控制对激光器的电平AC调制(恒偏置工作)。在另一实施例中，控制器110的D/A变换器123的输出除控制AC调制电平(恒定功率工作)外，还控制激光器驱动电路105的平均输出功率电平。
在一个优选实施例中，控制器110包括补偿激光器与温度有关的特性的机制。这是通过使用温度查阅表122在控制器110中实现的，温度查阅表用来随控制器110中温度传感器125所测量的温度而变地向控制器的输出赋值。在另外的实施例中。控制器110可以使用具有电压源输出的D/A变换器，甚至可以用数字电位器代替一个或多个D/A变换器来控制激光器驱动器105的特性。应当指出，虽然图2示出的系统中激光器驱动器105具体设计为接受控制器110的输入，但也可用具有许多其它激光器驱动器IC的控制器IC来控制它们的输出特性。
除了与温度有关的模拟输出控制外，控制器IC也可以配备有多个与温度无关(一个存储器设定值)的模拟输出。这些与温度无关的输出有多种功能，但一种特别令人感兴趣的应用是对激光器驱动器105或后置放大器104的其它设定值作微调，以补偿那些器件的特性因工艺引起的改变。一个实例是接收器后置放大器104的输出摆动。一般在设计时通过使用一个设定的电阻器将这个参数固定在一个所需数值。但常发现，用固定设定值的电阻时，与制造后置放大器集成电路104相关联的正常的工艺改变会导致所得输出摆动的不希望有的改变。利用本发明，由附加D/A变换器123产生的控制器IC 110的模拟输出用来按零部件调节或补偿在制造配置时设定的输出摆动值。
除了从控制器到激光器驱动器105的连接外，图2还示出了从激光器驱动器105到控制器IC 110以及从ROSA 106和后置放大器104到控制器IC 110的许多类似连接。这些连接是模拟监控连接，控制器IC 110利用它们通过控制器IC中的存储器映像位置向主机提供诊断反馈。优选实施例中的控制器IC 110具有多个模拟输入。模拟输入信号表明收发信机和/或接收器电路的工作情况。这些模拟信号由复用器124扫描并由模数变换器(ADC)127转换。在优选实施例中，ADC127具有12位分辨率，但在其它实施例中也可使用具有其它分辨率水平的ADC。转换的数值存储在预定的存储器位置，例如在图3所示的诊断数值和标志存储器件128中，通过存储器读数就可接入主机。这些数值校准到标准单位(例如毫伏或毫瓦)作为工厂校准工序的一部分。
存储在控制器IC中存储器映像位置的数字化的量包括(但不限于)：激光器偏流、发射的激光器功率和接收的功率(由ROSA102中的光电探测器测量)。在存储器映像表(例如表1)中，测量的激光器偏流用参数BIn表示，测量的发射激光器功率用PIn表示，测量的接收功率用RIn表示。存储器映像表指明存储这些测量的数值的存储器位置，也表明相应的极限值、标志值和配置值(例如表明标志极性的数值)存储在哪里。
如图3所示，控制器110包括电压源传感器126。此传感器产生的模拟电压电平信号由ADC 127转换成数字电压电平信号，所述数字电压电平信号存储在存储器128中。在优选实施例中，A/D输入复用器124和ADC 127均由时钟信号控制，以便自动和定期地将监控信号转换成数字信号并将那些数字信号存储在存储器128中。
此外，在产生数字信号时，控制器的数值比较逻辑131将这些数值与预定的极限值加以比较。极限值最好在工厂中就存储在存储器128中，但主机也可用新的极限值重写原先编程的极限值。每个监控信号自动与上限值和下限值进行比较，结果产生两个极限标志值，并存储在诊断值和标志存储器128中。对于没有有意义的上下限值的任何监控信号，相应的极限值可以设定为决不会产生相应设定标志的数值。
极限标志有时也称为告警和警告标志。主机(或最终用户)能够监控这些标志以确定是否存在可能已引起收发信机链路故障的情况(告警标志)或是否存在能预测即将会发生故障的情况。这类情况的实例可能是激光器偏流降到零，这表示发射器输出立即会有故障，或在恒定功率模式下激光器偏流超过额定值50％，这表示激光器寿命终止的情况。所以，自动产生的极限标志很有用，因为它们根据内部存储的极限值对收发信机的功能提供了一种简单的合格-不合格的判定。
在优选实施例中，故障控制和逻辑电路133与告警和警告标志进行“或”运算，和内部LOS(信号丢失)输入和故障输入信号一起，产生二进制的收发信机故障(TxFault)信号，所述信号连接到主机接口，使主机可以得到该信号。可将主机编程为监控TxFault信号，并对TxFault信号的确认作出响应，自动读出收发信机中的所有告警和警告信号，以及对应的监控信号，以便确定告警和警告的原因。
故障控制和逻辑电路133还把从接收器电路(ROSA，图2)接收的信号丢失(LOS)信号传送到主机接口。
故障控制和逻辑电路133的另一种功能是在需要确保眼安全的时候禁止发射器(TOSA，图2)的工作。在激光器驱动器的状态和Tx禁止输出之间有标准所定义的交互，这是由故障控制和逻辑电路133实现的。当逻辑电路133检测到会造成伤害眼安全的问题时，就激活控制器的Tx禁止信号，激光器驱动器被禁止。主机可以采用通过主机接口的TxDisableCmd线发送命令信号的方法来复位此情况。
故障控制和逻辑电路133的还有另一种功能是根据存储在存储器128中的一组配置标志确定其输入和输出信号的极性。例如，电路133的信号丢失(LOS)输出可以或者是逻辑低信号或者是逻辑高信号，由存储在存储器128中的相应配置标志确定。
存储在存储器128中的其它配置标志(见图4)用来确定每个告警和警告标志的极性。而存储在存储器128中的其它配置值用来确定ADC127在将各监控模拟信号转换成数字值时所用的缩放比例。
在另一个实施例中，在主机接口上对控制器102的另一个输入是速率选择信号。在图3中，所述速率选择信号输入到逻辑133中。这个主机产生的信号通常是数字信号，它规定了接收器(ROSA 102)要接收的数据的预期数据速率。例如，速率选择信号可以有两个数值，代表高数据速率和低数据速率(例如。2.5Gb/s和1.25Gb/s)。控制器对此速率选择信号做出响应，产生控制信号，将模拟接收器电路设定为对应于速率选择信号所规定的数值的带宽。
虽然所述收发信机控制器的优选实施例中需要所有上述功能的组合，但对本专业技术人员而言，显然仅实现部分这些功能的装置也很有用。同理，本发明也适用于发射器和接收器，因此不是仅适用于收发信机。最后应当指出，本发明的控制器适用于多信道光链路的应用。
                                表1
                    收发信机控制器的存储器映像
  存储器位置(阵列0)   位置名称   功能
  00h-5Fh   IEEE数据   此存储器块用于存储所需的GBIC数据
60h 温度MSB   此字节含有从温度传感器输出的用15位2的补数表示的温度的MSB
61h 温度LSB   此字节含有从温度传感器输出的用15位2的补数表示的温度的LSB(LSB为0b)
62h-63h VCC值   这些字节含有测量的VCC的MSB(62h)和LSB(63h)(15位数，具有0bLSbit)
64h-65h Bin值   这些字节含有测量的Bin(激光器偏流)的MSB(64h)和LSB(65h)(15位数，具有0bLSbit)
66h-67h Pin值   这些字节含有测量的Pin(发射的激光器功率)的MSB(66h)和LSB(67h)(15位数，具有0bLSbit)
68h-69h Rin值   这些字节含有测量的Rin(接收功率)的MSB(68h)和LSB(69h)(15位数，具有0bLSbit)
  6Ah-6Dh   备用   备用
  6Eh   IO状态   所述字节示出I/O管脚的逻辑值
6Fh A/D更新   允许用户验证A/D是否已对此5个数值更新：温度、VCC、Bin、Pin、Rin。用户将此字节写为00h。一旦对某一数值的转换完成，所述位变为‘1’。
70h-73h 告警标志   这些位反映作为转换更新的告警状态。如果转换的数值大于相应的高限，则高告警位为‘1’。如果转换的数值小于
  相应的低限，则低告警位为‘1’。否则各个位都是0b。
74h-77h 警告标志   这些位反映作为转换更新的告警状态。如果转换的数值大于相应的高限，则高警告位为‘1’。如果转换的数值小于相应的低限，则低警告位为‘1’。否则各个位都是0b。
  78h-7Ah  备用   备用
7Bh-7Eh  密码输入位PWE字节3(7Bh)MS字节PWE字节2(7Ch)PWE字节1(7Dh)PWE字节0(7Eh)LS字节 这四个字节用作密码输入。输入的密码将决定用户的读/写特权。
7Fh 阵列选择   写入所述字节决定选择存储器的哪些上部页面作读/写0xh(阵列x选择)式中x＝1，2，3，4，或5
  80h-FFh   备用/当前未实施
  存储器位置(阵列1) 位置名称 功能
  80h-FFh   数据EEPROM
  存储器位置(阵列2)   位置名称   功能
  80h-FFh   数据EEPROM
  存储器位置(阵列3) 位置名称 功能
  80h-81h88h-89h90h-91h98h-99h   温度高告警VCC高告警Bin高告警 写入此位置的数值用作高警告限。数据格式与相应数值相同(温度，VCC，Bin，Pin，Rin)
  A0h-A1h   Pin高告警Rin高告警
  82h-83h8Ah-8Bh92h-93h9Ah-9BhA2h-A3h   温度低告警VCC低告警Bin低告警Pin低告警Rin低告警 写入此位置的数值用作低警告限。数据格式与相应数值相同(温度，VCC，Bin，Pin，Rin)
  84h-85h8Ch-8Dh94h-95h9Ch-9DhA4h-A5h   温度高警告VCC高警告Bin高警告Pin高警告Rin高警告 写入此位置的数值用作高警告限。数据格式与相应数值相同(温度，VCC，Bin，Pin，Rin)
  86h-87h8Eh-8Fh96h-97h9Eh-9FhA6h-A7h   温度低警告VCC低警告Bin低警告Pin低警告Rin低警告 写入此位置的数值用作低警告限。数据格式与相应数值相同(温度，VCC，Bin，Pin，Rin)
  A8h-AfhC5hB0h-B7hC6hB8h-BFhC7h DOUT控制0-8FOUT控制0-8LOUT控制0-8 各个位的位置在表4中定义。
  C0h   备用   备用
  C1h   预定标   选择X-延迟CLKS的MCLK除数
  C2hC3hC4h   DOUT延迟FOUT延迟LOUT延迟 选择预定标时钟数
  C8h-C9hCah-CBhCCh-CDhCEh-CFh   VCC＝A/D定标Bin＝A/D定标Pin＝A/D定标Rin＝A/D定标 关于相应的A/D转换值的16位增益调节
  D0h   芯片地址   当外部ASEL为低时选择芯片地址
  D1h   边界#2   D/A#2的Finisar选择百分比(FSP)
  D2h   边界#1   D/A#1的Finisar选择百分比(FSP)
D3h-D6h   PW1字节3(D3h)MSBPW1字节2(D4h)PW1字节1(D5h)PW1字节0(D6h)LSB 这四个字节用作密码1输入。输入的密码将决定Finisar用户的读/写特权。
D7h D/A控制   所述字节决定D/A是输出源还是输出吸收电流，并用于对输出定标
  D8h-DFh   Bin短期   这些字节定义对温度的短期比较
  E0h-E3h   Pin短期   这些字节定义对温度的短期比较
  E4h-E7h   Rin短期   这些字节定义对温度的短期比较
  E8h   配置覆盖字节   这些位的位置在表4中定义
  E9h   备用   备用
  EAh-EBh   内部状态字节   这些位的位置在表4中定义
  ECh   I/O状态1   这些位的位置在表4中定义
  EDh-EEH   D/A输出   有温度补偿的D/A输出的幅度
  EFh   温度指数   查阅阵列的地址指针
  F0h-FFh   备用   备用
  存储器位置(阵列4)   位置名称   功能
  00h-FFh   D/A电流对温度#1(用户定义查阅阵列1)
  存储器位置(阵列5)   位置名称   功能
  00h-FFh   D/A电流对温度#2(用户定义查阅阵列2)
                                表2
                    详细存储器说明-A/D值和状态位
  字节   位   名称   说明
  转换的模拟数值。校准的16位数据。
96(60h) 全部 温度MSB   代符号的2的补数整数温度(-40到+125℃)，基于内部温度测量
  97   全部   温度LSB   温度的分数部分(计数/256)
98 全部 VCC MSB   收发信机中内部测量的供电电压。实际电压为满16位数值*100uVolt
  99   全部   VCC LSB   (得出的范围0-6.55V)
100 全部   TX偏置MSB   以mA表示的测量的TX偏流。偏流为满16位数值*(1/256)mA
101 全部   TX偏置LSB   (用4uA分辨率可能有满范围为0-256mA)
102 全部   TX功率MSB   以mW表示的测量的TX输出功率。输出为满16位数值*(1/2048)mW
103 全部   TX功率LSB   在0.5μW辨率情况下可能的0-32mW满范围，或-33到+15dBm
104 全部   RX功率MSB   以mW表示的测量的RX输入功率。RX功率为满16位数值*(1/16384)mW
105 全部   RX功率LSB   在0.06μW分辨率情况下可能的0-4mW满范围，或-42到+6dBm
  106   全部   备用MSB   保留作数字化模拟输入的第一未来定义
  107   全部   备用LSB   保留作数字化模拟输入的第一未来定义
  108   全部   备用MSB   保留作数字化模拟输入的第二未来定义
  109   全部   备用LSB   保留作数字化模拟输入的第二未来定义
  通用状态位
  110   7   TX禁止   TX禁止输入管脚的数字状态
  110   6   备用
  110   5   备用
  110   4   速率选择   SFP速率选择输入管脚的数字状态
  110   3   备用
  110   2   TX故障   TX故障输出管脚的数字状态
  110   1   LOS   LOS输出管脚的数字状态
  110   0   上电逻辑   表明收发信机已上电且数据有效
  111   7   温度A/D有效   表明字节96/97中的A/D值有效
  111   6   VCC A/D有效   表明字节98/99中的A/D值有效
111 5   TX偏流A/D有效 表明字节100/101中的A/D值有效
111 4   TX功率A/D有效 表明字节102/103中的A/D值有效
111 3   RX功率A/D有效 表明字节104/105中的A/D值有效
  111   2   备用   表明字节106/107中的A/D值有效
  111   1   备用   表明字节108/109中的A/D值有效
  111   0   备用   备用
                        表3
            详细的存储器说明-告警和警告标志位
  字节   位   名称   说明
  告警和警告标志位
  112   7   温度高报警   当内部温度超过高报警限时设定
  112   6   温度低报警   当内部温度低于低报警限时设定
  112   5   VCC高报警   当内部供电电压超过高报警限时设定
  112   4   VCC低报警   当内部供电电压低于低报警限时设定
  112   3   TX偏置高报警   当TX偏流超过高报警限时设定
  112   2   TX偏置低报警   当TX偏流低于低报警限时设定
  112   1   TX功率高报警   当TX输出功率超过高报警限时设定
  112   0   TX功率低报警   当TX输出功率低于低报警限时设定
  113   7   RX功率高报警   当接收功率超过高报警限时设定
  113   6   RX功率低报警   当接收功率低于低报警限时设定
  113   5-0   备用报警
  114   全部   备用
  115   全部   备用
  116   7   温度高警告   当内部温度超过高警告限时设定
  116   6   温度低警告   当内部温度低于低警告限时设定
  116   5   VCC高警告   当内部供电电压超过高警告限时设定
  116   4   VCC低警告   当内部供电电压低于低警告限时设定
  116   3   TX偏置高警告   当TX偏流超过高警告限时设定
  116   2   TX偏置低警告   当TX偏流低于低警告限时设定
  116   1   TX功率高警告   当TX输出功率超过高警告限时设定
  116   0   TX功率低警告   当TX输出功率低于低警告限时设定
  117   7   RX功率高警告   当接收功率超过高警告限时设定
  117   6   RX功率低警告   当接收功率低于低警告限时设定
  117   5   备用警告
  117   4   备用警告
  117   3   备用警告
  117   2   备用警告
  117   1   备用警告
  117   0   备用警告
  118   全部   备用
  119   全部   备用
表4
  字节名称   第7位  第6位   第5位   第4位   第3位   第2位   第1位   第01位
  X-输出控制10   T告警高设定  T告警低设定   V告警高设定   V告警低设定   B告警高设定   B告警低设定   P告警高设定   P告警低设定
X-输出控制11 R告警高设定 R告警低设定 B快高设定 P快高设定 R快高设定   D-输入反相设定 D-输入设定   F-输入反相设定
X-输出控制12 F-输入设定  L-输入反相设定 L-输入设定 辅助反相设定 辅助设定 T告警高禁止 T告警低禁止 V告警高禁止
  X-输出控制13   V告警低禁止  B告警高禁止   B告警低禁止   P告警高禁止   P告警低禁止   R告警高禁止   R告警低禁止   B快高禁止
X-输出控制14 P快高禁止 R快高禁止   D-输入反相禁止 D-输入禁止   F-输入反相禁止 F-输入禁止   L-输入反相禁止 L-输入禁止
  X-输出控制15   辅助反相禁止  辅助禁止   T告警高清除   T告警低清除   V告警高清除   V告警低清除   B告警高清除   B告警低清除
X-输出控制16 P告警高清除 P告警低清除 R告警高清除 R告警低清除 B快高清除 P快高清除 R快高清除   D-输入反相清除
X-输出控制17 D-输入清除 F-输入反相清除 F-输入清除 L-输入反相清除 L-输入清除 辅助反相清除 辅助清除 EE
  X-输出控制18   锁存器选择   反相   覆盖数据   覆盖选择   S复位选择   HI使能   L0使能   负载(上拉)使能
  预定标   备用   备用   备用   备用   B3   B2   B1   B0
  X-输出延迟 B7 B7 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
  芯片地址   b7   b6   b5   b4   b3   b2   b1   b0
  X-地址定标MSB 215 214 213 212 211 210 29 28
  X-地址定标LSB 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
D/A控制   源/吸收 D/A#2范围 源/吸收 D/A#1范围
  I/O   22   21   20   I/O   22   21   20
配置/覆盖 手动D/A 手动索引 手动AD告警 EE条 SW-POR   A/D  使能   手动快告警 备用
  内部状态1 D设定 D禁止 D延迟 D清除 F设定 F禁止 F延迟 F清除
  内部状态0 L设定 L禁止 L延迟 L清除 备用 备用 备用 备用
  I/O状态1 备用 F-输入 L输入 备用 D输出 备用 备用 备用
边界#1 备用   负定标2   负定标1   负定标0 备用   正定标2   正定标1   正定标0
边界#2 备用   负定标2   负定标1   负定标0 备用   正定标2   正定标1   正定标0

Claims (19)

1.一种用于控制具有激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的光电收发信机的单片集成电路，它包括：
存储器，所述存储器包括一个或多个存储器阵列，用于存储有关收发信机的信息；
模数转换电路，用于接收来自所述激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的多个模拟信号，将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值，并将所述数字值存储在所述存储器内的预定位置；
控制电路，它配置成根据存储在所述存储器中的一个或多个数值产生控制信号以便控制所述激光发射器的工作；
接口，用于从所述存储器中的位置读出和向所述存储器中的位置写入；以及
比较逻辑，用于将所述数字值与极限值进行比较，根据所述极限值产生标记值，并将所述标记值存储在所述存储器内的预定位置。
2.如权利要求1所述的单片集成电路，其特征在于还包括：
累计时钟，用于产生对应于所述收发信机累计操作时间的时间值，所述产生的时间值可以通过所述接口读出。
3.如权利要求1所述的单片集成电路，其特征在于还包括：
连接到所述模数转换电路的电源电压传感器，所述电源电压传感器产生对应于所述收发信机电源电压电平的电源电平信号，其中，所述模数转换电路配置成将所述电源电平信号转换成数字电源电平值并将所述数字电源电平值存储在所述存储器中预定的电源电平位置。
4.如权利要求3所述的单片集成电路，其特征在于：
所述比较逻辑包括用于将所述数字电源电平值与电源电平极限值进行比较、根据所述数字电源电平信号与所述电源电平极限值的比较结果产生电源电平标志值、并将所述电源电平标志值存储在所述存储器中预定的电源电平标志位置的逻辑。
5.如权利要求1所述的单片集成电路，其特征在于还包括：
连接到模数转换电路的一个温度传感器，温度传感器产生对应于收发信机温度的温度信号，其中模数转换电路配置成将温度信号转换成数字温度值并将此数字温度值存储在存储器中预定的温度位置。
6.如权利要求5所述的单片集成电路，其特征在于：
比较逻辑包括对数字温度值和温度极限值进行比较的逻辑，根据数字温度值和温度极限值的比较产生一个温度标志值，并将温度标志值存储在存储器中预定的温度标志位置。
7.如权利要求1所述的单片集成电路，其特征在于还包括：
故障处理逻辑，它连接到所述收发信机以便从所述收发信机接收至少一种故障信号、连接到所述存储器以便接收存储在所述存储器中的至少一个标志值、并且连接到主机接口以便发送计算的故障信号，所述故障处理逻辑包括计算逻辑，用于把从所述收发信机接收的所述至少一种故障信号和从所述存储器中接收的所述至少一个标志值逻辑组合、以便产生所述计算的故障信号。
8.一种用于控制光电装置的单片集成电路，它包括：
存储器，它包括一个或多个存储器阵列，用于存储有关光电装置的信息；
模数转换电路，用于接收来自所述光电装置的对应于所述光电装置的工作情况的多种模拟信号、将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值并将所述数字值存储在所述存储器内的预定位置；以及
存储器接口，用于根据从主机接收的命令而从所述存储器中的位置读出和写入到所述存储器中的位置。
9.一种用于控制具有激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的光电收发信机的单片集成电路，它包括：
模数转换电路，用于从所述激光发射器和所述光电二极管接收器接收多种模拟信号、将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值并将所述数字值存储在所述集成电路内的预定的存储器映像位置；
比较逻辑，用于将所述数字值与极限值进行比较、根据所述极限值产生标志值并将所述标志值存储在所述集成电路内的预定的存储器映像位置；
控制电路，它配置成根据存储在所述集成电路中的一个或多个数值产生控制信号以便控制所述激光发射器的工作；以及
存储器映像接口，用于从所述集成电路中的位置读出和写入到所述集成电路中的位置、并且访问所述集成电路中的存储器映像位置以便控制所述控制电路的工作。
10.一种控制具有激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的光电收发信机的方法，所述方法包括：
按照从主机接收的指令，从存储器中的位置读出和写入到所述存储器中的位置；
从所述激光发射器和所述光电二极管接收器接收多种模拟信号、将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值、并将所述数字值存储在所述存储器内的预定位置；
将所述数字值和极限值进行比较、根据所述数字极限值产生标志值、并将所述标志值存储在所述存储器中的预定位置；以及
根据存储在所述存储器中的一个或多个数值产生控制信号以控制所述激光发射器的工作。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于还包括：
产生对应于所述收发信机的累计工作时间的时间值，所述产生的时间值可以由所述主机通过所述存储器接口读出。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于还包括：
将对应于所述收发信机的电压电平的模拟电源电压电平信号转换成数字电源电平值并将所述数字电源电平值存储在存储器中预定的电源电平位置。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于包括：
将所述数字电源电平值与电源电平极限值进行比较、根据所述数字电源电平值和所述电源电平极限值的比较结果产生电源电平标志值、并将所述电源电平标志值存储在所述存储器中预定的电源电平标志位置。
14.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于还包括：
产生对应于所述收发信机温度的温度信号、将所述温度信号转换成数字温度值并将所述数字温度值存储在所述存储器中预定的温度位置。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于包括：：
将所述数字温度值与温度极限值进行比较、根据所述数字温度值与所述温度极限值的比较结果产生温度标志值、并将所述温度标志值存储在所述存储器中预定的温度标志位置。
16.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于包括：：
从所述收发信机接收至少一种故障信号、接收存储在所述存储器中的至少一个标志值、把从所述收发信机接收的所述至少一种故障信号和从所述存储器中接收的所述至少一个标志值逻辑组合以便产生计算的故障信号、并将所述计算的故障信号发送到所述主机。
17.一种控制光电装置的方法，所述方法包括：
按照从主机接收的指令，从存储器中的位置读出和写入到所述存储器中的位置；以及
从所述光电装置接收对应于所述光电装置的工作情况的多种模拟信号、将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值、并将所述数字值存储在所述存储器内的预定位置；
其中，所述方法由单片控制器集成电路执行。
18.一种控制具有激光发射器和光电二极管接收器的光电收发信机的方法，所述方法包括：
按照从主机接收的指令，从所述光电收发信机的控制器中的存储器映像位置读出和写入到所述光电收发信机的控制器中的所述存储器映像位置；
从所述激光发射器和所述光电二极管接收器接收多种模拟信号、将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值、并将所述数字值存储在所述控制器中预定的存储器映像位置；
将所述数字值和极限值进行比较，根据所述数字极限值产生标志值，并将所述标志值存储在所述控制器中预定的存储器映像位置；
根据存储在所述控制器中预定的存储器映像位置的一个或多个数值产生控制信号以控制所述激光发射器的工作；
模数转换电路，用于从所述激光发射器和所述光电二极管接收器接收多种模拟信号、将所述接收的模拟信号转换成数字值、并将所述数字值存储在所述控制器中预定的存储器映像位置。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于还包括：
产生对应于所述收发信机的累计工作时间的时间值并将其存储在寄存器中，其中，通过所述读出步骤从中存取时间值的所述寄存器作为映射到所述控制器中的存储器。
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