CN87108043A - 带正交线圈系统的磁共振成象装置 - Google Patents

带正交线圈系统的磁共振成象装置 Download PDF

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CN87108043A
CN87108043A CN198787108043A CN87108043A CN87108043A CN 87108043 A CN87108043 A CN 87108043A CN 198787108043 A CN198787108043 A CN 198787108043A CN 87108043 A CN87108043 A CN 87108043A CN 87108043 A CN87108043 A CN 87108043A
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coil
mri
resonance imaging
magnetic
magnatic resonance
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埃迪·本杰明·博斯肯普
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N24/00Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/36Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
    • G01R33/3678Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver involving quadrature drive or detection, e.g. a circularly polarized RF magnetic field
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/341Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils

Abstract

一种磁共振成象装置的检测线圈,包括两堆置的线圈,该线圈带有局部地互相垂直取向B场。第一线圈由具有平行延伸于线圈平面的B场的蝶式线圈制成的,第二线圈由具有横越延伸于线圈平面的B场的单平面线圈制成。两线圈按固定的相互取向配置,以致对每个线圈来说,所加的互易磁通始终得到补偿。

Description

本发明涉及一种磁共振成象装置,该装置包括一产生稳恒磁场的磁系统、一产生磁梯度场的磁系统、一射频发射线圈和一用以检测在一物体中产生的磁共振信号的射频正交表面线圈系统。
这种装置在欧洲专利EP196134(PHN11329)为已知,该专利叙述了一种减少正交线圈系统各线圈之间不希望有的串扰的方法。这种方法比起以往周知的必须保持严格的正交的构形的解决方法扩大了这种系统的应用领域。但我们发现,对一部分线圈系统进行反复失谐的作法是不合适的,因为各线圈还要加上用于将发射线圈和测量线圈器件去耦的电子电路,这种作法尤其更加不合适。
本发明的目的是想减少上述种种限制,避免精确去耦的各种缺点;为达到此目的,根据本发明提出的这种磁共振成象装置的特征在于,正交射频线圈系统包括两个堆置的平面线圈,该两线圈带有局部地相互垂直的磁场方向,且带有对每个线圈是自补偿的互易磁通。
因为在本发明的装置中,每次两个带有相互垂直地取向的B场的线圈被结合在一起时,可以在两个相互垂直的方向上进行测量,所以可以通过使两线圈间一个线圈对应另一线圈有正确的取向而避免线圈之间的串扰。这种线圈系统可以很高的自由度在测量空间内进行配置,因为这时会自动地保持正确的相互取向。
应该指出的是,这种系统,虽然实质上取非平面线圈的形式,在医学磁共振学会于1986年8月19日至22日在蒙特利尔召开的第五次年会出版的医学磁共振学会文摘手册第187和188页中属已知。平面线圈除在空间方面的要求不高外,其主要优点是具有高度的柔韧性,以致举例来说曲面线圈系统也成为可能的。
在一个最佳实施例中,我们采用了包括一个蝶形线圈和一个普通线圈的堆垛。之所以选用蝶形线圈是因为当将一个蝶形线圈与一个单表面线圈放置在一个且相同的平面上时,该蝶形线圈的磁场与该单表面线圈的磁场正交。关于蝶式线圈更为详细的叙述,请参看PHN11500,欧洲专利EP218290。当采用几何形状上刚性的蝶形线圈,将它们放置在一平面内,并在传输场中适当取向时,还具有这样的好处,即当传输场是均匀时,这些线圈无需去耦以克服发射线圈的影响,因此去耦系统可以比较简单。若不能充分满足这些条件,例如象欧洲专利164164(PHN11042)所叙述的那样,会按普通方式产生去耦作用。
只要对每个组成线圈适当地限定B场的方向,且能将该线圈这样堆置使得两磁场相互垂直地取向,且没有有效互易磁场被感应通过各个线圈,就可以满足本发明的准则。在此可能性的范围内就可采用任何所希望的线圈形状,例如也可采用矩形蝶式线圈和圆形或椭圆形单平面线圈或屋顶形蝶式线圈和适当地匹配的第二线圈。在后者的情况下,线圈系统会失去部分的柔韧性但会为该系统取得一定的形状。
另一个最佳实施例除采用单平面线圈外,还采用通过电容器去耦的一蝶式线圈。这种线圈还可制成一平面柔韧的线圈,并可在如本发明的正交线圈堆垛中使用。
下面参照附图叙述本发明的一些最佳实施例。附图中:
图1示出按照本发明包括着一堆置式线圈系统的磁共振成象装置的示意图;
图2和图3是用于该装置的堆置式线圈系统的最佳实施例的示意图。
图1中所示的磁共振成象装置包括一产生稳恒均匀磁场所用的磁系统2,一产生磁梯度场所用的磁系统4和分别用于磁系统2和磁系统4的电源6和8。磁线圈10用以产生射频交变磁场,且连接到射频源12上。为检测在待观察物体中由射频传输场所产生的磁共振信号,装设了表面线圈系统13。系统13接到信号放大器14上,供读出之用。信号放大器14接到相敏检波器16上,相敏检波器16则接到中央控制器18上。中央控制器18也控制着射频源12的调制器20、梯度线圈所用的电源8和显示器所用的监视器22。射频振荡器24控制着调制器20和处理测量信号的相敏检波器16。冷却过程可由包括冷却导管27在内的冷却器26进行。这种冷却器可制成冷却电阻线圈所用的水冷却系统或制成冷却超导体线圈所用的液氦杜瓦系统。发射线圈10配置在磁系统2和4中,围绕着测量空间28,该空间28具有足够的空间为的是将病人容纳在医疗诊断设备中。这样就可以在测量空间28中产生一稳恒磁场、待成象切片的位置选择所用的梯度场和一在空间上均匀分布的射频交变场。用法拉第笼29将测量空间屏蔽以克服干扰场的影响。
采用由表面线圈组成的检测线圈系统作为产生磁共振信号的发射线圈不是太合适的。因此其它类型线圈双重功能的使用对这些线圈来说是不太合适,尽管该双重功能在实践中并不妨碍具体测量过程。
图2是由一蝶式线圈30和一第二线圈32组成的正交表面线圈系统的示意图。由于几何结构上的原因,对待使用的传输场该蝶式线圈30是被去耦的,但因为第二线圈32不存在去耦的问题,因此在该第二线圈上增设了去耦电路34。每个线圈周边的形状可任意选择,也可以是,举例说,大致上呈圆形或椭圆形。在图3所示的一实施例中,单平面线圈32被制成圆形,而且也连接到去耦机构34上。在此情况下复合线圈30包括两具有相同电感的导体36和38,和在两导体之间对称配置的一导体40。该导体40包括电容器42,以致该线圈相对于在该两半线圈施加同等载荷的传输场而言是被去耦的。从对称的角度看,从而该线圈本身之间较小的残余的耦合的风险,单平面线圈32的表面最好真正分布在复合线圈30的两半之间。表面线圈和第二线圈可以是真正的平面线圈,这就是说,为了正确的运行,各个导体在垂直于线圈表面的方向上无需具有给定的尺寸。因此,每个导体可采用薄金属带,其结果为,当对它们提供以去耦电路并将它们一起配置在柔质支架上时,可得出极为良好变形的线圈系统。无论在空间上均匀分布的传输场取什么方向,这些线圈还可在任何方向上并在测量空间的任何位置上进行配置。为适当检测,例如,物体中更深的部位,可采用由两个对向配置在待观察物体两侧的线圈堆垛组成的线圈系统。还可用这种线圈堆垛形成串联联接系统,以便扩大物体中待测定的部位,同时保持较好的信噪比。有关串联联接系统的更详细的叙述请参看本申请人与本申请同时申请的PHN11935号申请书。对应用表面线圈的普通测量,例如,在局部地设置在待观察物体上的柔质带中可夹装本发明的线圈系统。

Claims (9)

1、一种磁共振成象装置,包括一产生稳恒磁场所用的磁系统、一产生磁梯度场所用的磁系统、一射频发射线圈和一检测一物体中产生的共振信号所用的射频正交表面线圈系统,其特征在于,该正交射频线圈包括两个堆置的平面线圈,该两线圈带有局部地互相垂直的磁场方向,且带有对每个线圈是自补偿的互易磁通。
2、按照权利要求1所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,第一线圈由蝶式线圈制成,第二线圈由单平面线圈制成。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,第二线圈包括两完全相同的翼,该两翼各包括一具有相同电感的外导体和一公用导体,公用导体中包括一去耦电容器。
4、按照权利要求2或3所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,第二线圈表面平均地分布在蝶式线圈的两翼之间。
5、按照权利要求1、2、3或4所述磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,两线圈均包括一去耦机构,且均装在一柔质支架上。
6、按照以上所述权利要求中的任意一项所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,该两线圈均装设在较刚性的预形成支架上。
7、按照以上所述权利要求中的任意一项所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,该第二线圈包括一电子去耦电路。
8、按照权利要求1、2、3、4、5或7的任意一项所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,该蝶式线圈呈屋顶形,第二线圈匹配成使得均匀地分布在两半屋顶形蝶式线圈上。
9、按照以上所述权利要求中的任意一项所述的磁共振成象装置,其特征在于,该检测线圈系统包括多个以部分重迭的串级联接的堆置式正交线圈。
CN198787108043A 1986-11-27 1987-11-24 带正交线圈系统的磁共振成象装置 Pending CN87108043A (zh)

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NL8603005 1986-11-27
NL8603005A NL8603005A (nl) 1986-11-27 1986-11-27 Magnetisch resonantie apparaat met flexibele quadratuur spoelenstelsel.

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EP0274773A1 (en) 1988-07-20
JP2588550B2 (ja) 1997-03-05
KR880006539A (ko) 1988-07-23
EP0274773B1 (en) 1991-05-08
JPS63143046A (ja) 1988-06-15
FI875182A0 (fi) 1987-11-24
DE3769956D1 (de) 1991-06-13
FI875182A (fi) 1988-05-28
US4816765A (en) 1989-03-28
NL8603005A (nl) 1988-06-16

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