DE19823414A1 - Spiral wire guide tube made of two types of wire for surgical procedure - Google Patents

Abstract

A surgical tube with e.g. an endoscope is guided through a body passage within a surrounding spring spiral tube (2). The spring spiral consists of two or more coaxial spiral coils (3, 4). The coils are either wound together with alternating sides in contact, or rest coaxially one inside the other. The coils are made of different materials, or are coated with different materials, and have different elasticity. The spiral springs may be of different diameter and rest one within the other.

Description

The invention relates to a guide wire with a Spiral spring complex. Such guide wires are used in particular used for surgical instruments.

Conventional guidewires of this type usually include one one-piece, from a flat wire or preferably one Round wire wound spiral spring, which extends over the entire or part of the length of the guidewire and the guide wire in the relevant section alone or together with forms a wire core surrounding it with which it ver is bound. Guidewires of this type are in the Offenle specification DE 44 45 879 A1 and the patent specifications EP 0 255 234 B1, US 4,554,929 and US 4,823,047.

In addition, such well-known leadership wires already suggested, circumferential suitable, view bare markings to be used, for example during an endoscopic examination, the momenta to be able to recognize the feed position of the guide wire. Such guide wires are described in US Pat. No. 5,084,022 and published patent application WO 95/05574.

The invention is the technical problem of providing a new guidewire of the type mentioned Kind based on that build comparatively variably leaves that it is well matched to the respective application , and if necessary, a slight advance position detection tion enables, without this necessarily the introduction se separate markings are required.

The invention solves this problem by providing it a guide wire with the features of claim 1 this spiral wire is not made of le only one made by winding a single wire Spiral spring, but from at least two different ones Built up coil spring parts that are intertwined, lying coaxially one inside the other or arranged one behind the other are not. Because not identical but different Liche coil spring parts are used, the Füh wire to the respective application in the desired ter manner, for example by using Spi ralfederteile from different materials and / or with different elasticities and / or with differ secure, detectable exterior. The latter Eigen shaft includes, for example, the use of different colors coatings for the two coil spring parts, which is a easy feed detection enables. It is understood that the difference between the two coil spring parts depending on Use case besides any other physika mentioned lical properties of the coil spring parts can affect.

When realizing the spiral spring complex from each other wound coil spring parts becomes a spi in this way formed in which one or more windings of a coil spring part with one or more windings alternate the other coil spring part. When realizing with coaxial spring parts the latter have different diameters, the one with higher diameter the other coil spring part coaxially  gives. When realizing with consecutive spi ralfederteile the front coil spring part also closes its rear end to the front end of the rear spiral part of the spring.

In a further developed according to claim 2 guide wire the two coil spring parts with different coating lines provided, the z. B. from different materials exist or are different colors. In addition or older natively, the two coil spring parts themselves from under different materials.

In a further developed according to claim 3 guide wire the two coil spring parts have different elasticity forms. So that z. B. targeted a desired bending Realize the behavior of the guide wire as it does with a one-piece coil spring may not work or may be difficult can be reached.

In a further developed according to claim 4 guide wire the two coil spring parts arranged one behind the other and have different diameters. To make one smooth to create a transitional area that changes Diameter of at least one of the two coil spring parts in Transition area from one to the other spiral spring part continuously on the diameter of the other coil spring part, so that e.g. B. a transition area of conical shape without crack changes in the diameter of the guide wire result.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the Drawings are shown and are described below.

Here show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the front section from a guide wire with a coil spring complex of two alternately into each wound spiral spring parts,

Fig. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, but, for a guidewire having a coil spring complex of three alternately into each wound spiral spring parts

Figure 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but changed rush. For a guide wire with a coil spring complex of two mutually wound with double windings Spiralfe,

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, but for a guide wire having a spiral spring coil spring complex of two parts which are wound from flat instead of round wires,

Fig. 5, not to scale side view of a guide wire having a coil spring complex of two successive spiral spring parts of the same diameter,

Fig. 6 is a side view corresponding to Fig. 5, but for a guide wire with a coil spring complex made of two coaxially nested coil spring parts, and

Fig. 7 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 5, but for a guide wire with a coil spring complex consisting of two coil spring parts of different diameters.

Figs. 1 to 4 show Various realizations of Füh approximately wires with a spiral spring complex, which consists of a Spi Ralf Eder of several different, ineinandergewickel th spiral spring parts. Each of these coil spring parts consists of an associated single wire, the single wires to form the entire coil spring from the coiled coil spring parts in a corresponding winding process are coiled in a suitable manner.

Fig. 1 shows in particular the front area of a guide wire with a hemispherical head part 1 , against which there is a spiral spring complex in the form of a spiral spring 2 , which is made up of two mutually wound spiral spring parts 3 , 4 , which are alternately wound, for the better Representation in Fig. 1 that a Spi ralfederteil 3 white and the other coil spring part 4 is shown in black. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the two intertwined spiral spring parts 3 , 4 have the same diameter. Both coil spring parts 3 , 4 are wound from a piece of round wire, with the two round wires being wound together with alternating windings to form the entire spiral spring 2 , ie the windings of one spiral spring part 3 alternate in the finished spiral spring 2 with those of the other Coil spring part 4 from.

The two coil spring parts 3 , 4 differ in at least one physical property, depending on the intended use of the guide wire. So can be used for the two coil spring parts 3 , 4, for example, two different colored individual wires or two different coated single wires, the coating in the color and / or in the material, eg. B. a Teflon material on the one hand and a so-called hydrofile material on the other, can distinguish. For the coating also come under different material combinations into consideration, e.g. B. Teflon material with hydrofile material on the one hand and another coating combination on the other. Another possibility of the different design of the two coil spring parts is to use individual wires of different materials or material combinations, e.g. B. the one coil spring part 3 made of stainless steel with platinum and the other coil spring part 4 made of stainless steel with tungsten.

It is understood that the diversity of the Spi ralfederteile 3 , 4 can extend over the whole or only part of the length of the guide wire. So it can e.g. B. depending on the application be sufficient to provide the different, in each other wound coil spring parts 3 , 4 only in the Fig. 1, front guide wire area, while no coil spring or a Spiralfederab section is provided with a uniform design, ie a coil spring section a single wound single wire or from several identical single wires wound one inside the other. Thus, the combination coil spring 2 shown can also be an integral section of a longer coil spring which is wound from two individual wires, which are identical over part of their length and are otherwise different.

In the area in which the spiral spring 2 extends, the guide wire can be formed solely by the latter or, in a manner known per se, can additionally comprise a monofilament wire core which is surrounded by the spiral spring 2 and is connected to the head part 1 at its front end. As a further variant, the spiral spring 2 can be surrounded by a preferably monochrome and / or transparent shrink tube, as is also known per se.

In the variants with different colors of the two coil spring parts 3 , 4 , this measure facilitates the detection of the feed position of the guide wire in use without the need for extra colored or other markings on the coil spring 2 itself or the surrounding shrink tube. With such a color coding, the movement of the guide wire can be followed comparatively easily. A choice of different materials for the two coil spring parts 3 , 4 enables the desired bending behavior of the guide wire to be achieved by, for example, manufacturing a coil spring part from a material that is more flexible and the other coil spring part from a material that is more flexible.

Figs. 2 to 4 show various modifications Guide # approximately wire of Fig. 1. In the guide wire of FIG. 2 is a back of a head part 1 a subsequent Kombinationsspi Ralf Eder a three within each other alternately gewickel th spiral spring parts 5, 6, 7 formed 2 which are shown in Fig. 2 for better visibility white, hatched or black and have the same diameter. The common ge, alternating winding of the combination coil spring 2 a from three the coil spring parts 5 , 6 , 7 underlying round wires has the result that between two turns of egg nes coil spring part each have a turn of the other two coil spring parts, as can be seen in Fig. 2 . The three individual round wires and thus the spiral spring parts 5 , 6 , 7 formed by them each differ in turn in at least one physical property, as described above for FIG. 1, z. B. in their color, in the material, in the presence or absence of a coating and optionally in the color and / or material of the coating. For the rest re result for the guide wire of Fig. 2, the same egg properties, advantages and uses, as described above for. B. of Fig. 1 were given.

Fig. 3 shows a variant in which a head coil 1 b is connected to a combination coil spring 2 b, which, as in the example of FIG. 1, is formed from two different, coiled coil spring parts 8 , 9 of the same diameter, but here the two are separate from one another various round wires, which form the spiral spring parts 8 , 9 , not alternately, but wound into one another to form double turns. This means that in the combination spiral spring 2 b of Fig. 3 two turns of each Spi ralfederteile 8 , 9 follow each other.

With this double-turn technique, for example in the case of differently colored designs of the two spiral spring parts 8 , 9, twice as wide color markings along the combination spiral spring 2 b are provided as in the example of FIG which the two coil spring parts 8 , 9 are designed to bend differently stiff, z. B. by choosing different Ma materials or different thickness round wires. Otherwise, for the combination coil spring 2 b according to FIG. 3, the properties and advantages result, as are given for the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 above.

The variant of FIG. 4 includes a combination spiral spring 2 c behind a rounded head part 1 c, which, like that of FIG. 1, consists of two different, alternately wound spiral spring parts 10 , 11 of the same diameter. In contrast to the example of FIG. 1, the two coil spring parts 10 , 11 are made of different flat wires instead of round wires in the guide wire of FIG. 4. As described for FIG. 1, the two individual wires and thus the spiral spring parts 10 , 11 formed therefrom can also differ in the example of FIG. 4 in one or more physical properties in order to provide corresponding guide wire properties. So in particular different colored flat wires with or without coating and flat wires made of different materials can be used, and the combination coil spring 2 c of FIG. 4 can optionally be coated with a single-colored and / or transparent shrink tube. It goes without saying that, as in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3, also in the guide wire of FIG. 4 to the combination coil spring 2 c from the two different coil spring parts 10 , 11 rearward, a further, homogeneous coil spring section can be closed, which consists of a single one Flat wire or consists of several identical pieces of flat wire wound together.

Another variant of the examples in FIGS. 1 to 4 is to provide a preferably single-color shrink tube only over part of the length of the guide wire, for. B. over a not shown in FIGS . 1 to 4, Rückwär term guide wire section. Other possible variants are to form the spiral spring parts from round wires of various thicknesses or flat wires of different widths. Furthermore, any combinations of the designs of the combination coil spring illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 are possible, for. B. a mixed use of round and flat wires, the use of more than two coil spring parts or any other sequence of the spring coils belonging to the individual spiral springs of the combination spiral.

Fig. 5 shows schematically a guide wire with an inner wire core, which is tapered in a front region 12 a compared to a rear region 12 b, wherein it forms a ring shoulder ter 12 c in the transition region, which is otherwise conical. At the front end, the guidewire core is connected to a hemispherically rounded head part 14 . The tapered wire core section 12 a is surrounded by a Spiralfe derkomplex 13 , which is supported on the one hand on the head part 14 and on the other hand on the annular shoulder 12 c. The Spiralfe derkomplex consists of two consecutively arranged th different coil spring parts 15 , 16. The two coil spring parts 15 , 16 are z. B. connected by a laser welding point and have an approximately demje Nigen of the rear wire core portion 12 b corresponding Au ßØ so that the guide wire overall has a substantially constant outer diameter ser over its entire length. It is covered over its entire length with egg nem heat shrink tube 17 , which, however, can also be omitted in a variant. The shown, optimally smooth design of the transition from the rear wire core section 12 b to the coil spring complex 13 occurs in this transition area noticeable constriction of the guide wire.

The construction of the coil spring complex 13 from the two successive, different coil spring parts 15 , 16 can in turn be used to achieve special desired properties of the guide wire egg. For example, the front coil spring part 16 can be manufactured in such a way that it has better x-ray visibility than the other coil spring part 15 , so that the position of the front guide wire area can be monitored in use via an x-ray detector device. The rear coil spring part 15 , however, can be designed so that it provides for the desired elasticity of the guide wire tip area and for a constant guide wire diameter between the rear guide wire portion 12 b and the front coil spring part 16 .

Fig. 6 shows a variant of the example of FIG. 5, in which a front portion 18 a of an inner wire core is provided, which is tapered in two stages in relation to a rear portion 18 b, wherein in the transition region between the rear wire core portion 18 b and the rear part of the front Wire core section 18 a is in turn an annular shoulder 18 c is formed. The front wire core section 18 a is surrounded by a coil spring complex, which in this case consists of two co-axially nested coil spring parts 19 , 20 . The outer coil spring 19 has a that of the rear wire core section 18 b corresponding outer diameter and is supported on the one hand on the annular shoulder 18 c and on the other hand on a hemispherical head part 21 , which is fixed to the front end of the front wire core section 18 a. In a region adjoining the head part 21 , the smaller-diameter spiral spring 20 is introduced, wherein it is shorter than the surrounding spiral spring 19. The smaller-diameter spiral spring 20 surrounds the smallest-diameter, front part of the front wire core section 18 a.

The coaxial interlacing of the two coil springs 19 , 20 improves the visibility of the guide wire in the area over which the inner, shorter coil spring 20 extends due to the material accumulation associated therewith. In addition, this effect caused by the interlocking of spiral spring pieces un different diameter effect can be increased by choosing un different materials for the two spiral springs 19 , 20 , z. B. by using platinum for the inner coil spring 20. By suitably adjusting the turns of the outer coil spring 19 , the elasticity of the guide wire in this area can be set in the desired manner, which also includes a suitable choice of material and diameter of the round wire forming it wearing. If the coaxial coil spring arrangement according to FIG. 6 hits its limits with very small dimensions of the guide wire, a use of the variant from FIG. 5 comes into consideration. The guide wire of FIG. 6 is in turn covered with a shrink tube 22 , which, however, can alternatively be omitted.

The guide wire shown in Fig. 7 includes a wire core which largely corresponds to that of Fig. 6 with the exception that he between a thicker, rear wire core portion 23 b and a two-stage tapered, in front of the wire core portion 23 a conical without forming a ring shoulder passes. Furthermore, the guide wire of FIG. 7 has a coil spring complex 24 , which consists of two coil springs 25 , 26 arranged under different, one behind the other. The rear spiral spring 25 is supported with its rear end against the conical transition region of the wire core, which results in a slight constriction 27 in the outer contour of the guide wire, which is in turn optionally coated with a shrink tube 28 . If necessary, this constriction 27 can be largely eliminated by providing an annular shoulder at one end of the conical wire core transition region, as in the examples in FIGS. 5 and 6. The rear coil spring 25 surrounds the rear, larger diameter part of the wire core section 23 a and extends forward to the area of the front, smaller diameter area of the front wire core section 23 a. This smallest-diameter wire core region is the other from the smaller-diameter spiral spring 26 ben, which is supported forward on a hemispherical blunt head part 29 which is fixed to the front end of the wire core and in this example has a smaller diameter than the rear wire core section 23 b.

While the front coil spring 26 has a constant diameter, the rear coil spring 25 tapers conically in a front area from the diameter of the rear wire core section 23 b to the diameter of the front coil spring 26 and thus the head part 29 , so that overall a relative smooth course of the guidewire outer contour between the thinner head area and the larger diameter, rear guidewire area results. As an alternative to the example shown, the smooth, conical transition between the two consecutive coil springs can also be achieved in that, in addition or as an alternative to the conical taper of the rear coil spring, the front coil spring widens conically backwards in a suitable manner.

The guide wire of Fig. 7 can thereby be manufactured with a ver same manner bendable head portion, wherein the one hand a good visibility of the head zone by entspre sponding interpretation of the front coil spring 26 similar to the inner coil spring 20 of FIG. 6 and the other egg ne high elasticity possible which is not limited by interlocking spiral springs.

It is understood that the two coil spring parts in the embodiments of FIGS. 5 to 7 in addition to their dimensions preferably also differ in other properties, in particular in the material. Furthermore, it goes without saying that, depending on the application, the coil spring complex can also consist of more than two coil spring parts in these cases, which are arranged one behind the other or coaxially one inside the other, or in which combinations of these three types are possible.

Claims (4)

1. Guide wire, especially for a surgical instrument, with

• - a coil spring complex ( 2 ),
  characterized in that
• - The coil spring complex ( 2 ) consists of at least two under different coil spring parts ( 3 , 4 ) which are wound into one another or coaxially one inside the other or are arranged in one another.

2. Guide wire according to claim 1, further characterized thereby records that the two coil spring parts with differ Chen coatings are provided and / or from different Chen materials exist. 3. Guide wire according to claim 1 or 2, further thereby characterized in that the two coil spring parts differed are elastic. 4. Guide wire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the two coil spring parts ( 25 , 26 ) are arranged one behind the other and have differing diameters, with the diameter of at least one of the two coil spring parts continuously increasing to the diameter of the other in the connection area Coil spring part changes.