EP0331664A1 - Prefabricated bridge decks and their manufacturing process - Google Patents

Prefabricated bridge decks and their manufacturing process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0331664A1
EP0331664A1 EP89870032A EP89870032A EP0331664A1 EP 0331664 A1 EP0331664 A1 EP 0331664A1 EP 89870032 A EP89870032 A EP 89870032A EP 89870032 A EP89870032 A EP 89870032A EP 0331664 A1 EP0331664 A1 EP 0331664A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
metal beams
prestressing
beams
slab
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Granted
Application number
EP89870032A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0331664B1 (en
Inventor
Guy Rigot
Henri Detandt
Camille Warny
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ETS E. RONVEAUX S.A.
LES ENTREPRISES S.B.B.M. ET SIX CONSTRUCT
SOCIETE NATIONALE DES CHEMINS DE FER BELGE
Original Assignee
Ets E RONVEAUX SA
Les Entreprises Sbbm Et Six Construct
NATIONALE DES CHEMINS DE FER BELGE Ste
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Publication of EP0331664A1 publication Critical patent/EP0331664A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E01D2101/24—Concrete
    • E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
    • E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed
    • E01D2101/285—Composite prestressed concrete-metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prefabricated bridge decks as well as to methods of making such prefabricated bridge decks intended to be used, inter alia, as a bridge bridge, road bridge deck, aqueducts, walkways and any other construction. bearing.
  • the deck consists of one or more beams made individually and made integral by a slab poured over these beams after their installation and therefore has the general form of "TTT".
  • U-shaped decks have also already been made, making it possible above all to reduce the overall height under upper tracks by means of: - metal U-shaped deck consisting of two main beams and a grid of beams (spacers-side members) or an orthotropic decking as described in document DE-B-1,212,575. - post-stressed concrete U-shaped deck.
  • the advantage of the "U" shape is that it allows passage to rail or road vehicles between the two beams and makes it possible to considerably reduce the overall height of the deck, which is equal to the bottom slab.
  • the aim of the present invention is to produce an apron with performances superior to those known, that is to say capable, with equal or less bulk: - to support higher loads on larger spans; - have better fatigue behavior ensuring a longer service life; - to have a higher stiffness or reduction of deformations.
  • the deck consists of metal beams (12) having undergone a stress by pre-bending and / or by eccentric prestressing before coating with concrete and a concrete slab (16), coating at least the lower flanges of the metal beams (12).
  • the deck 10 is made using two metal beams 12 in the form of I coated with concrete 14 and a concrete bottom slab 16 located between the two beams 12 and integrally connecting the footings lower of the metal beams 12.
  • the metal steel beams 12 have been prestressed before being coated with the concrete 16. This prestressing is carried out by pre-bending and / or by eccentric prestressing using cables 20.
  • the bottom slab 16 which participates in the bending of the whole deck is advantageously made of prestressed concrete by cables 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows the variation of the overall height of the sub-tracks H as a function of the span P for three types of bridge decks.
  • the height H for an apron according to the invention is 25 cm, while for a usual mixed apron (steel-concrete), it at least 87 cm and for a prestressed concrete deck, at least 112 cm is required.
  • the variations in stresses ⁇ in the lower fiber do not exceed 50 N / mm2 for a span of 20 meters and the variations in stresses ⁇ in the upper fiber do not exceed 80 N / mm2 while the stress variations in a steel deck are greater than 200 N / mm2.
  • stiffness R As illustrated in Figure 4, we can also see a fairly clear difference in concerns the stiffness R of different decks (steel-concrete-mixed). The stiffness R is also shown with respect to the span P and it can be seen that the stiffness of a composite deck according to the invention is far greater than the stiffness of a concrete deck or a steel deck.

Abstract

The deck comprising at least two laterally spaced metal beams and a common concrete slab is characterised in that it is constituted by prestressed metal beams (12) and a slab of concrete (16) integral with the lower flanges of the metal beams (12). The invention is particularly advantageous for constructing U-shaped prefabricated decks intended to be used, among other things, as rail bridge decks, road bridge decks, aquaducts, gangways and any other load bearing construction. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte aux tabliers de pont préfabriqués ainsi qu'aux procédés de réalisation de tels tabliers de pont préfabriqués destinés à être utilisés, entre autres, comme tablier de pont-rails, de pont-route, aqueducs, passerelles et toute autre construction portante.The present invention relates to prefabricated bridge decks as well as to methods of making such prefabricated bridge decks intended to be used, inter alia, as a bridge bridge, road bridge deck, aqueducts, walkways and any other construction. bearing.

Actuellement, on fait appel pour la réalisation de tabliers de pont en poutres préfabriqués, à l'une ou plusieurs des techniques connues suivantes :
- béton armé, précontraint par pré-tension et/ou précontraint par post-tension;
- poutres métalliques;
- béton enrobant une poutre métallique passive ou préfléchie; mais de manière générale, le tablier est constitué d'une ou plusieurs poutres fabriqués individuellement et rendues solidaires par une dalle coulée au-dessus de ces poutres après leur mise en place et présente donc la forme générale de "TTT".Currently, one or more of the following known techniques are used for the production of bridge decks using prefabricated beams:
- reinforced concrete, prestressed by pre-tension and / or prestressed by post-tension;
- metal beams;
- concrete encasing a passive or pre-bent metal beam; but generally, the deck consists of one or more beams made individually and made integral by a slab poured over these beams after their installation and therefore has the general form of "TTT".

De telles poutres mixtes acier-béton sont décrites dans les documents FR-A-1.253.986 et FR-A-1.500.829.Such composite steel-concrete beams are described in documents FR-A-1,253,986 and FR-A-1,500,829.

En vue de limiter la hauteur de construction on a également déjà réalisé des tabliers en forme de U permettant de réduire surtout la hauteur d'encombrement sous voies supérieures au moyen de :
- tablier en U métallique constitué de deux poutres maîtresses et d'un grillage de poutres (entretoises-longerons) ou d'un platelage orthotrope tel que décrit dans le document DE-B-1.212.575.
- tablier en U en béton postcontraint.In order to limit the construction height, U-shaped decks have also already been made, making it possible above all to reduce the overall height under upper tracks by means of:
- metal U-shaped deck consisting of two main beams and a grid of beams (spacers-side members) or an orthotropic decking as described in document DE-B-1,212,575.
- post-stressed concrete U-shaped deck.

L'intérêt de la forme en "U" est qu'elle livre passage aux véhicules ferroviaires ou routiers entre les deux poutres et permet de réduire considérablement la hauteur d'encombrement du tablier, qui est égale à la dalle de fond.The advantage of the "U" shape is that it allows passage to rail or road vehicles between the two beams and makes it possible to considerably reduce the overall height of the deck, which is equal to the bottom slab.

La conséquence pratique et économique de cette disposition est de réduire le niveau du passage supérieur du véhicule et donc de réduire le coût des rampes d'accès. Cela permet également d'augmenter le gabarit libre de passage de la voie ou voirie inférieure.The practical and economical consequence of this arrangement is to reduce the level of the vehicle overpass and therefore reduce the cost of the access ramps. This also makes it possible to increase the free clearance for passage of the track or lower road.

Le but de la présente invention est de réaliser un tablier avec des performances supérieures à celles connues c'est-à-dire capables, à encombrement égal ou inférieur :
- de supporter de plus fortes charges sur des portées plus grandes;
- d'avoir un meilleur comportement en fatigue assurant une durée de vie plus longue;
- de posséder une raideur plus élevée d'ou réduction des déformations.The aim of the present invention is to produce an apron with performances superior to those known, that is to say capable, with equal or less bulk:
- to support higher loads on larger spans;
- have better fatigue behavior ensuring a longer service life;
- to have a higher stiffness or reduction of deformations.

A cet effet, le tablier est constitué par des poutres métalliques (12) ayant subi une sollicitation par préflexion et/ou par précontrainte excentrée avant enrobage par du béton et une dalle de béton (16), enrobant au moins les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques (12).To this end, the deck consists of metal beams (12) having undergone a stress by pre-bending and / or by eccentric prestressing before coating with concrete and a concrete slab (16), coating at least the lower flanges of the metal beams (12).

Afin de mieux faire comprendre l'invention on en décrira ci-après un exemple de réalisation pratique en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels;

  • - la figure 1 : est une vue en coupe transversale d'un tablier conforme à l'invention;
  • - la figure 2 : est un graphique comparatif de l'encombrement minimal (hauteur H), en fonction de la portée P, des tabliers de ponts-rails en forme de U et en forme de TTT pour un cas de charge précis (voir schéma de charge de l'UIC (Union Internationale de Chemins de Fer - Schéma de charge Fiche n° 702 et 776/1)
  • - la figure 3 : est un graphique comparatif donnant en fonction de la portée P, pour une sollicitation donnée, la variation de contrainte Δσ dans les poutres métalliques tantôt non-enrobées, tantôt enrobées et présollicitées;
  • - la figure 4 : est un graphique comparatif montrant la raideur R de divers types de tabliers en fonction de la portée P.
  • - les figures 5A à 5D représentent de manière schématique les diverses étapes d'un procédé de réalisation selon l'invention.
In order to better understand the invention, a practical embodiment example will be described below, with reference to the appended drawings in which;
  • - Figure 1: is a cross-sectional view of an apron according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2: is a comparative graph of the minimum overall dimensions (height H), as a function of the span P, of the U-shaped and TTT-shaped bridge bridge decks for a specific load case (see diagram of load of the UIC (International Union of Railways - Load diagram Sheet n ° 702 and 776/1)
  • - Figure 3: is a comparative graph giving as a function of the span P, for a given stress, the variation in stress Δσ in metal beams sometimes uncoated, sometimes coated and pre-stressed;
  • - Figure 4: is a comparative graph showing the stiffness R of various types of decks as a function of the span P.
  • - Figures 5A to 5D schematically represent the various steps of an embodiment method according to the invention.

Comme montré à la figure 1, le tablier 10 est réalisé à l'aide de deux poutres métalliques 12 en forme de I enrobées de béton 14 et une dalle de fond en béton 16 située entre les deux poutres 12 et reliant de façon solidaire les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques 12.As shown in Figure 1, the deck 10 is made using two metal beams 12 in the form of I coated with concrete 14 and a concrete bottom slab 16 located between the two beams 12 and integrally connecting the footings lower of the metal beams 12.

Conformément à l'invention, les poutres métalliques en acier 12 ont été présollicitées avant leur enrobage avec le béton 16. Cette présollicitation est effectuée par préflexion et/ou par précontrainte excentrée à l'aide de câbles 20.In accordance with the invention, the metal steel beams 12 have been prestressed before being coated with the concrete 16. This prestressing is carried out by pre-bending and / or by eccentric prestressing using cables 20.

La dalle de fond 16 qui participe à la flexion de l'ensemble du tablier est avantageusement réalisée en béton précontraint par des câbles 22.The bottom slab 16 which participates in the bending of the whole deck is advantageously made of prestressed concrete by cables 22.

Les avantages des tabliers selon l'invention ressortent clairement des graphiques annexés :The advantages of the aprons according to the invention emerge clearly from the attached graphics:

Sur la figure 2 on montre la variation de la hauteur d'encombrement sous-voies H en fonction de la portée P pour trois types de tabliers de pont. C'est ainsi qu'on peut voir que pour sollicitation donnée et pour une portée de 20 mètres, la hauteur H pour un tablier selon l'invention est de 25 cm, tandis que pour un tablier mixte (acier-béton) habituel, il faut au moins 87 cm et pour un tablier en béton précontraint, il faut au moins 112 cm.FIG. 2 shows the variation of the overall height of the sub-tracks H as a function of the span P for three types of bridge decks. Thus it can be seen that for a given load and for a range of 20 meters, the height H for an apron according to the invention is 25 cm, while for a usual mixed apron (steel-concrete), it at least 87 cm and for a prestressed concrete deck, at least 112 cm is required.

Selon la figure 3, on constate que pour une quantité d'acier donnée l'enrobage des poutres et la présollicitation diminuent fortement la variation de contrainte et Δσ augmentent considérablement la durée de vie.According to FIG. 3, it can be seen that for a given quantity of steel the coating of the beams and the prestressing greatly reduce the variation in stress and Δσ considerably increase the service life.

C'est ainsi que pour un tablier selon l'invention, les variations de contraintes Δσ dans la fibre inférieure ne dépassent pas 50 N/mm² pour une portée de 20 mètres et les variations de contraintes Δσ dans la fibre supérieure ne dépassent pas 80 N/mm² tandis que les variations de contraintes dans un tablier construit en acier sont supérieures à 200 N/mm².Thus, for an apron according to the invention, the variations in stresses Δσ in the lower fiber do not exceed 50 N / mm² for a span of 20 meters and the variations in stresses Δσ in the upper fiber do not exceed 80 N / mm² while the stress variations in a steel deck are greater than 200 N / mm².

Comme illustré à la figure 4, on peut également voir une différence assez nette en ce qui concerne la raideur R des tabliers différents (acier-béton-mixte). La raideur R est également montrée par rapport à la portée P et on constate que la raideur d'un tablier mixte selon l'invention est de loin supérieure à la raideur d'un tablier en béton ou d'un tablier en acier.As illustrated in Figure 4, we can also see a fairly clear difference in concerns the stiffness R of different decks (steel-concrete-mixed). The stiffness R is also shown with respect to the span P and it can be seen that the stiffness of a composite deck according to the invention is far greater than the stiffness of a concrete deck or a steel deck.

Un procédé de réalisation d'un tablier de pont selon l'invention est représenté de façon schématique sur les figures 5A à 5D.
Cette exemple de réalisation comporte les étapes suivantes :

  • - Fig 5A : les poutres métalliques 12 sont présollicitées par préflexions (flèches PF) et/ou précontrainte excentrée à l'aide de câbles 20.
  • - Fig 5B :: les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques 12 sont enrobées par une dalle commune de béton 16.
  • - Fig 5C :: la préflexion des poutres métalliques 12 est enlevée et une précontrainte supplémentaire est effectuée dans la dalle 16 à l'aide de câbles 22.
  • - Fig 5D :: les parties supérieures des poutres métalliques 12 sont enrobés par du béton 14.
A method of producing a bridge deck according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 5A to 5D.
This exemplary embodiment comprises the following steps:
  • - Fig 5A: the metal beams 12 are prestressed by preflexions (arrows PF) and / or eccentric prestressing using cables 20.
  • - Fig 5B :: the lower flanges of the metal beams 12 are coated with a common concrete slab 16.
  • - Fig 5C :: the preflexion of the metal beams 12 is removed and an additional prestressing is carried out in the slab 16 using cables 22.
  • - Fig 5D :: the upper parts of the metal beams 12 are coated with concrete 14.

Il va de soi que d'autres procédés et combinaison de procédés sont possibles pour obtenir des tabliers de pont sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.It goes without saying that other methods and combination of methods are possible for obtaining bridge decks without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. Tablier de pont mixte acier-béton préfabriqué comportant au moins deux poutres métalliques espacées latéralement et une dalle commune en béton caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par des poutres métalliques (12) ayant subi une sollicitation par préflexion et/ou par précontrainte excentrée avant enrobage par du béton et une dalle de béton (16) enrobant au moins les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques (12).1. Prefabricated steel-concrete composite bridge deck comprising at least two laterally spaced metal beams and a common concrete slab characterized in that it consists of metal beams (12) which have been subjected to biasing by preflexion and / or by prestressing eccentric before coating with concrete and a concrete slab (16) coating at least the lower flanges of the metal beams (12). 2. Tablier selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de précontrainte excentrée sont constitués de câbles de précontrainte (20) disposés autour des semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques (12).2. Apron according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric prestressing means consist of prestressing cables (20) arranged around the lower flanges of the metal beams (12). 3. Tablier selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la dalle de béton (16) solidaire des semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques (12) est réalisée en béton précontraint à l'aide de câbles (22).3. Apron according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete slab (16) integral with the lower flanges of the metal beams (12) is made of prestressed concrete using cables (22). 4. Tablier selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parties supérieures des poutres métalliques présollicitées (12) sont enrobées par du béton (14).4. Apron according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper parts of the pre-stressed metal beams (12) are coated with concrete (14). 5. Procédé de réalisation de tabliers de pont préfabriqués comportant au moins deux poutres métalliques espacées latéralement coopérant avec une dalle commune en béton, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
- on exerce une sollicitation par préflexion et/ou par précontrainte excentrée sur les poutres métalliques (12) avant enrobage par du béton;
- on enrobe les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques (12) par une dalle commune en béton (16);
- on enlève la préflexion des poutres métalliques (12) qui réalise une précontrainte du béton (16).5. Method for producing prefabricated bridge decks comprising at least two laterally spaced metal beams cooperating with a common concrete slab, characterized by the following steps:
- It exerts a bias by preflexion and / or by eccentric prestressing on the metal beams (12) before coating with concrete;
- The lower flanges of the metal beams (12) are coated with a common concrete slab (16);
- removing the preflexion of the metal beams (12) which performs prestressing of the concrete (16). 6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue une précontrainte supplémentaire de la dalle (16) à l'aide de câbles (22).6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that an additional prestressing of the slab (16) is carried out using cables (22). 7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on enrobe les parties supérieures des poutres métalliques (12) par du béton (14).7. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper parts of the metal beams (12) are coated with concrete (14).
EP19890870032 1988-02-25 1989-02-22 Prefabricated bridge decks and their manufacturing process Expired - Lifetime EP0331664B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8802315 1988-02-25
FR8802315A FR2627786B1 (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-25 PREFABRICATED BRIDGE APRONS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

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EP0331664A1 true EP0331664A1 (en) 1989-09-06
EP0331664B1 EP0331664B1 (en) 1992-03-11

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EP (1) EP0331664B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8900861A (en)
DE (1) DE68900948D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2031008T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2627786B1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6199099B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-03-06 Ac Properties B.V. System, method and article of manufacture for a mobile communication network utilizing a distributed communication network
FR2882375A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-25 Systra Sa Span for use between piles of overpass, has horizontal conveyor paving slab supporting fixed guideway system, and running tracks on which rolling material circulates, where each track forms integral part of paving slab
EP2431524A1 (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-03-21 SSF Ingenieure AG Bridge superstructure with external reinforcement
US8196517B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2012-06-12 Systra U-shaped span for railway track
EP2143843A3 (en) * 2008-07-09 2014-10-08 SSF Ingenieure AG Steel-concrete composite trough as bridgedeck and method for its production
CN114369974A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-04-19 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 U-shaped prestressed track beam and construction method thereof

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FR1253986A (en) * 1960-01-25 1961-02-17 Beams, joists, trusses and the like of steel
DE1212575B (en) * 1963-02-08 1966-03-17 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Method for prestressing a composite structure, especially for bridges and high roads
FR1500829A (en) * 1966-05-10 1967-11-10 Construction process for composite steel-concrete bridges and resulting bridges
CH569870A5 (en) * 1972-12-27 1975-11-28 Lipski Raphael Composite beam with rigid reinforcement - has axial tension on reinforcement removed after concrete sets to compress concrete

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1078154B (en) * 1956-08-22 1960-03-24 Rudolf Buehrer Dipl Ing Steel composite girder with prestressed reinforced concrete slab
FR2537631B1 (en) * 1982-12-14 1985-06-21 Biep Fougerolle Cie IMPROVEMENTS ON PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1253986A (en) * 1960-01-25 1961-02-17 Beams, joists, trusses and the like of steel
DE1212575B (en) * 1963-02-08 1966-03-17 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Method for prestressing a composite structure, especially for bridges and high roads
FR1500829A (en) * 1966-05-10 1967-11-10 Construction process for composite steel-concrete bridges and resulting bridges
CH569870A5 (en) * 1972-12-27 1975-11-28 Lipski Raphael Composite beam with rigid reinforcement - has axial tension on reinforcement removed after concrete sets to compress concrete

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6199099B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-03-06 Ac Properties B.V. System, method and article of manufacture for a mobile communication network utilizing a distributed communication network
US8196517B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2012-06-12 Systra U-shaped span for railway track
FR2882375A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-25 Systra Sa Span for use between piles of overpass, has horizontal conveyor paving slab supporting fixed guideway system, and running tracks on which rolling material circulates, where each track forms integral part of paving slab
EP2143843A3 (en) * 2008-07-09 2014-10-08 SSF Ingenieure AG Steel-concrete composite trough as bridgedeck and method for its production
EP2431524A1 (en) * 2010-09-15 2012-03-21 SSF Ingenieure AG Bridge superstructure with external reinforcement
CN114369974A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-04-19 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 U-shaped prestressed track beam and construction method thereof

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FR2627786A1 (en) 1989-09-01
DE68900948D1 (en) 1992-04-16
BR8900861A (en) 1989-10-17
EP0331664B1 (en) 1992-03-11
ES2031008T3 (en) 1992-11-16
FR2627786B1 (en) 1991-11-15

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