EP0470235A1 - Apparatus and method for the detection of air in fluid delivery systems. - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for the detection of air in fluid delivery systems.Info
- Publication number
- EP0470235A1 EP0470235A1 EP91905285A EP91905285A EP0470235A1 EP 0470235 A1 EP0470235 A1 EP 0470235A1 EP 91905285 A EP91905285 A EP 91905285A EP 91905285 A EP91905285 A EP 91905285A EP 0470235 A1 EP0470235 A1 EP 0470235A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- infusion
- bubble
- air bubble
- air
- unacceptable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/36—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests with means for eliminating or preventing injection or infusion of air into body
- A61M5/365—Air detectors
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to medical equipment, and more particularly to a system and methodology for detecting air in a liquid being delivered into a patient.
- An infusion system for delivering a drug or other liquid into a patient often includes an infusion device that operates to deliver the liquid at an adjustable rate or dosage.
- the infusion device operates to control the flow of liquid through a flexible tubing or other infusion conduit that extends from an IV bag or other source of the liquid to an IV needle or other cannula inserted in the patient.
- the infusion device may include microprocessor control circuitry, front panel operator controls, a display, and an alarm, with those things being integrated in a very functional unit designed to improve intravenous drug administration.
- the infusion device may also include an air detector.
- a bubble detector it may take the form of an ultrasonic transmitter/receiver pair and related circuitry arranged to sense air bubbles in the infusion conduit.
- the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver occupy facing positions on opposite sides of the infusion conduit so that ultrasonic energy passes through the infusion conduit in traveling from the transmitter to the receiver.
- control circuitry stops the infusion pump and activates the alarm.
- Unacceptable air bubble size may differ, however, and so it would be advantageous to have some way to set that value. Then an operator could select a bubble size most appropriate for a particular infusion situation and that would, among other things, avoid the nuisance alarms accompanying too sensitive a setting. But existing infusion devices often use fixed-length bubble detector schemes so that sensitivity is fixed at some predetermined value such as a three-eighths inch bubble length (i.e., about fifty microliters in some commonly used infusion conduit) .
- One common configuration includes a transmitter and receiver about five-eighths inch long and circuitry configured to pass one-eighth inch long bubbles while stopping three-eighth inch bubbles.
- the circuitry can recognize variations in bubble detector output from a predetermined threshold value signifying that air between the transmitter and receiver is interrupting 20% of the five-eighths inch bubble detector length (i.e., a one-eighth inch long air bubble) , to a predetermined maximum value indicating 60% interruption (i.e., a three-eighths inch long air bubble) .
- the control circuitry stops the infusion pump.
- infusion device sensitivity to air bubble size is not adjustable.
- minimum sensitivity i.e., maximum acceptable air bubble size
- maximum acceptable air bubble size is dependent on the length of the transmitter/receiver pair, a longer transmitter/receiver pair being required to detect longer air bubbles and establish a threshold value much greater than three-eighths inch.
- changing the transmitter/receiver pair and associated hardware may be quite costly and inconvenient. So, some other way is needed to reduce infusion device sensitivity in order to pass air bubbles up to an unacceptable size that is larger than the fixed threshold value, and perhaps even larger than the limit imposed by the length of the transmitter/receiver pair.
- This invention solves the problems outlined above by providing an infusion device having control circuitry configured to determine if during the time an air bubble is detected it advances a distance indicative of an unacceptable size. Preferably, that is done with a suitably programmed microprocessor that counts the steps of the infusion pump and compares it with a predetermined .value calculated for the particular infusion device and infusion conduit employed.
- the infusion device uses a fixed-length bubble detector in a way that can provide reduced sensitivity, and it does so without incurring the cost and inconvenience of modifying the hardware.
- the infusion device can be configured to enable operator adjustment of sensitivity level using front panel controls.
- an infusion device constructed according to the invention includes an infusion pump for delivering a liquid through an infusion conduit from a separate source of the liquid into a patient, a bubble detector for detecting the presence of an air bubble in the infusion conduit, and control means responsive to the bubble detector for determining if the size of the air bubble is unacceptable.
- the control means is configured to determine if during the time the air bubble is detected it advances a distance indicative of the unacceptable size.
- the control means includes suitably programmed microprocessor circuitry configured to monitor operation of the infusion pump in order to determine the distance the air bubble advances during the time it is detected.
- the microprocessor In the case of a linear peristaltic infusion pump, for example, the microprocessor counts the steps of the infusion pump as an indication of the distance the air bubble advances and compares it to a value calculated for the particular infusion device and infusion conduit employed. If an unacceptable size is indicated, the microprocessor stops the infusion pump and activates the alarm.
- a method of detecting an air bubble of unacceptable size in an infusion conduit through which liquid is to be delivered into a patient includes the step of providing an infusion device having an infusion pump for delivering the liquid through the infusion conduit and a bubble detector arranged to detect the presence of an air bubble in the liquid. The method proceeds by determining if during the time the air bubble is detected it advances a distance indicative of the unacceptable size.
- the step of determining if the air bubble advances a distance indicative of the unacceptable size includes monitoring infusion pump operation, and that may be done with microprocessor circuitry conf gured to count the steps of a linear peristaltic infusion pump.
- FIGURE 1 of the drawings is a diagrammatic representation of an infusion device constructed according to the invention
- FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic representation showing details of an air bubble advancing within the infusion conduit between the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver of the bubble detector;
- FIGURE 3 is a representation of a plot of bubble detector output showing how it may vary as the infusion pump advances the air bubble;
- FIGURES A-4C combine to form a flow chart showing the methodology employed to assess air bubble size.
- Fig. 1 shows an infusion device 10 constructed according to the invention. It operates to deliver a drug or other liquid from a separate source 11 through an infusion conduit 12 to a cannula 13 and into a patient 14. Including some sort of cabinet or other housing depicted in Fig. 1 by the dashed lines 15, the infusion device 10 operates conventionally in many respects and may include many of the features described in U.S. Patent No. 4,648,869 to Bobo, Jr. That patent is incorporated by reference for the details of construction provided.
- An infusion pump 16 preferably a linear peristaltic infusion pump, functions conventionally in many respects as infusion pump means for delivering the liquid through the infusion conduit 12.
- control circuitry in the infusion device 10 may be configured to stop the infusion pump 16 and activate an alarm 25 in the event an air bubble of unacceptable size is detected.
- control circuitry in the infusion device 10 is configured to monitor the distance an air bubble advances in the infusion conduit 12 as an indication of its size. Preferably, that-is done by suitably programming the microprocessor 24 using known programming techniques to perform the steps subsequently described in greater detail.
- the sensitivity of the infusion device to bubble size (i.e., the unacceptable bubble size threshold) can be set at a selected level.
- the programming in one embodiment of the invention is so configured that an operator can vary the sensitivity to any of various levels using front panel controls.
- sensitivity is independent of bubble detector size.
- the sensitivity of the infusion device 10 i.e., the unacceptable bubble size threshold
- the control circuitry of .the infusion device 10 monitors the distance the air bubble advances in the infusion conduit 12 as the air bubble is causing certain variations in the output of the bubble detector 17. That distance taken in conjunction with the inside diameter of the infusion conduit 12, provides sufficient information for the control circuitry to assess the length of the air bubble (i.e., determine whether the size of the air bubble is unacceptable) .
- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation showing the advance of an air bubble 30 (i.e., a column of air) in the infusion conduit 12. Dimensions are exaggerated for illustrative convenience.
- the air bubble 30 advances between an ultrasonic transmitter/receiver pair that includes an ultrasonic transmitter 31 and an ultrasonic receiver 32 that are components of the bubble detector 17 shown in Fig. 1. They are arranged in a known way so that ultrasonic energy passes through the infusion conduit 12 in traveling from the transmitter 31 to the receiver 32.
- the air bubble 30 has a forward end 33, a rearward end 34, and a length (Lg) that is the distance between the forward end 33 and the rearward end 34 (Fig. 2).
- the air bubble 30 can be something other than air, and so it is intended that the term "air bubble” include a column of any other substance that might be detected by the bubble detector 17.
- the forward end 33 eventually passes to a position between the transmitter 31 and receiver 32 where it causes the bubble detector output to vary in some respect, such as amplitude, from an uninterrupted value indicating that there is only liquid between the transmitter 31 and receiver 32 (point A in Fig. 3) to an air/no-air threshold value indicating the initial presence of the forward end 33 of the air bubble 30 (point B) .
- That position can be referred to as a first detectable position, and it is illustrated in Fig. 2 by the position occupied by the forward end 33 of the air bubble 30.
- the air bubble length Lg is less than the bubble detector length L Q .
- the bubble detector output remains constant to point D where the air bubble begins to pass from between the transmitter 31 and the receiver 32. If Lg were equal to or greater than p, however, the bubble detector output would decrease further to a fully interrupted value less than the value at point C.
- the bubble detector output begins to increase back to the air/no-air threshold value at point E equal to that at point B. That may be called a second or final detectable position and it is depicted in Fig. 2 by an air bubble 30' in phantom lines. It may occur, for example, when one-eighth inch of the air bubble 30' is still between the transmitter 31 and the receiver 32 as depicted by the dimension in Fig. 2 labelled L ⁇ (the second threshold). Then, as the air bubble 30' passes fully beyond the transmitter 31 and the receiver 32, the bubble detector output increases back to an uninterrupted value at point F equal to that at point A.
- the bubble detector output varies predictably according to the position of the air bubble 30 between the transmitter 31 and the receiver 32 so that monitoring the distance the air bubble advances from the time the bubble detector output varies from point B to point E in Fig. 3, enables the control circuitry to assess air bubble size.
- that distance is monitored by counting the steps of the infusion pump 16. Then, the number of steps to occur (labeled "X" steps in Fig. 3) is compared with a predetermined value indicative of an unacceptable bubble length.
- a periodic timer interrupt used to advance the stepper motor of the infusion pump 16 causes program control to proceed to point 40 in Fig. 4A, the start of a pump interrupt service routine.
- the program reads the bubble detector output at 41, examines a SENSOR STATE flag at 42 to determine if it is equal to NO-AIR, and if NO-AIR it is not, the program proceeds to point A in Fig. 4B (subsequently described) .
- the program checks at 43 to see if the bubble detector output is less than the air/no-air threshold level. If it is not, the stepper motor is advanced to the next step at 44 and the program exits the pump interrupt service routine at 45. If the bubble detector output is less than the air/no-air threshold level, the program sets the SENSOR STATE flag at 46 to indicate AIR, advances the stepper motor at 47, and exits the pump interrupt service routine at 48.
- Fig. 4B the program proceeds from point A to see at 49 if the bubble detector output is less than the air/no-air threshold..,. If . it. is, .the . program checks at 50 to see if the infusion pump 16 is not in the deadband region of the peristaltic pump. If NO, program control proceeds to point B in Fig. 4C. If YES, the program first increments an active region step counter at 51 and then proceeds to point B in Fig. 4C.
- the program sets the SENSOR STATE flag to equal NO-AIR at 52. Then, it advances the stepper motor to the next step at 53 and exits the pump interrupt service routine 54.
- the program proceeds from point B to see at 55 if the active region step counter is equal or greater than X (the predetermined number of steps indicative of an unacceptable bubble size) . If YES, the program stops the infusion pump and activates the alarm at 56 and exits the pump interrupt service routine at 57. If NO, the program first advances the stepper motor to the next step at 58 and the exits the pump interrupt service routine at 59.
- the control circuitry determines whether the size of the air bubble 30 is unacceptable.
- the control circuitry monitors infusion pump operation for that purpose, counting the strokes or steps of a peristaltic infusion pump. And, preferably, the control circuitry functions are accomplished using Icnown microprocessor programming techniques to perform the steps described.
- the bubble detector hardware may still continue to generate a signal indicating air when a nominal three-eighths inch (i.e., fifty microliter ⁇ ) air bubble moves between the transmitter 31 and the receiver 32.
- the microprocessor 24 continues to advance the infusion pump 16 while counting the number of advancements from the time bubble detector output first decreased to the air/no-air threshold.
- the microprocessor continues to infuse the liquid until either the air in the line clears the bubble detector 17 before the air bubble advances "X" steps, where "X" is computed as the number of motor advances indicative of an unacceptable size air bubble, or until the infusion pump 16 advances "X” steps without the air in the line clearing the bubble detector 17.
- the microprocessor stops the infusion pump 16 and activates the alarm 25.
- Various attributes of the infusion system may affect the determination of "X.” As an example, assume a linear peristaltic pump with the following attributes:
- a suitable infusion conduit with precision length and internal diameter yielding a volume constant of 1637 steps per milliliter of fluid.
- ARS volume pumped per active region step
- the general equation for detecting an "N" microliter air bubble can be derived from the above and expressed in terms of "X" active region steps (ARS) . In that regard, material is normally only moved through the infusion conduit during active region steps. That assumes that the infusion system can properly distinguish between motor pulses in the deadband and motor pulses in the active regions.
- ARS active region steps
- N lL 50 tL + (X ARS) (1.0181 ⁇ L/ARS)
- That value can be set in the programming employed.
- the microprocessor can be calculated by the microprocessor to reflect a sensitivity level inputted by an operator of the infusion system.
- known error analysis techniques and empirical methods may be employed to account for system parameters that may affect "X.”
- the invention provides an infusion device having control circuitry configured to determine if during the time an air bubble is detected the air bubble advances a distance indicative of an unacceptable bubble size. That enables use of a fixed-length bubble detector in a way that can provide reduced sensitivity. In addition, it avoids incurring the cost and inconvenience of modifying the hardware, and the infusion device can be configured to enable operator adjustment of sensitivity level using front panel controls.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/485,720 US4981467A (en) | 1990-02-27 | 1990-02-27 | Apparatus and method for the detection of air in fluid delivery systems |
US485720 | 1990-02-27 | ||
PCT/US1991/001043 WO1991012848A1 (en) | 1990-02-27 | 1991-02-18 | Apparatus and method for the detection of air in fluid delivery systems |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0470235A1 true EP0470235A1 (en) | 1992-02-12 |
EP0470235A4 EP0470235A4 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
EP0470235B1 EP0470235B1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
Family
ID=23929209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91905285A Expired - Lifetime EP0470235B1 (en) | 1990-02-27 | 1991-02-18 | Apparatus for the detection of air in fluid delivery systems |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4981467A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0470235B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3321620B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0157986B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE129415T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU632910B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9104685A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2051703C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69114073T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0470235T3 (en) |
IL (1) | IL97206A0 (en) |
MX (1) | MX174109B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991012848A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA911209B (en) |
Families Citing this family (118)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH061152Y2 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1994-01-12 | シャープ株式会社 | Infusion pump air detector |
JPH06501870A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1994-03-03 | バクスター、インターナショナル、インコーポレイテッド | Intravenous metering monitoring device |
JP3138065B2 (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 2001-02-26 | シャープ株式会社 | Sampling method of bubble detector in infusion device |
US5569181A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1996-10-29 | Medrad, Inc. | Sterility assurance for contrast delivery system |
DE1258262T1 (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 2003-04-10 | Medrad Inc | Contrast delivery system |
US5827219A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Medrad, Inc. | Injection system and pumping system for use therein |
EP0650738B1 (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 2003-05-02 | Medrad, Inc. | Multi-patient fluid dispensing |
EP0692766B1 (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 2002-05-08 | Medrad, Inc. | Closed loop information path for medical fluid delivery systems |
US5840026A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1998-11-24 | Medrad, Inc. | Patient specific dosing contrast delivery systems and methods |
SE508374C2 (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1998-09-28 | Gambro Med Tech Ab | Method and apparatus for detecting the condition of a blood vessel access |
US5843035A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1998-12-01 | Baxter International Inc. | Air detector for intravenous infusion system |
US6142008A (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2000-11-07 | Abbott Laboratories | Air bubble sensor |
US6231320B1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 2001-05-15 | Abbott Laboratories | Drug infusion pumping cassette latching mechanism |
US6554791B1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2003-04-29 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical, Llc | Rapid infusion system |
AU2001278187A1 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-21 | Fluidsense Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining air content and pressure of a liquid in an infusion line |
US6489896B1 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2002-12-03 | Baxter International Inc. | Air in-line sensor for ambulatory drug infusion pump |
US7147615B2 (en) | 2001-06-22 | 2006-12-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Needle dislodgement detection |
US7109974B2 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2006-09-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Remote control system including an on-screen display (OSD) |
US10155082B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2018-12-18 | Baxter International Inc. | Enhanced signal detection for access disconnection systems |
US7022098B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2006-04-04 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection systems and methods |
US20040254513A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2004-12-16 | Sherwin Shang | Conductive polymer materials and applications thereof including monitoring and providing effective therapy |
US7052480B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2006-05-30 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection systems and methods |
US7138088B2 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2006-11-21 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection system and methods |
WO2004016305A1 (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2004-02-26 | Chang-Ming Yang | Drip infusion device |
US8029454B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2011-10-04 | Baxter International Inc. | High convection home hemodialysis/hemofiltration and sorbent system |
US7338470B2 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2008-03-04 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Air-bubble-monitoring medication assembly, medical system and method |
CN101084036B (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2011-10-26 | 梅德拉股份有限公司 | System and method for determining transmission function of patients and performing model to response patients of drug infusions |
HUE038724T2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2018-11-28 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Devices and systems for fluid delivery |
US7563248B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2009-07-21 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical Llc | Infusion fluid heat exchanger and cartridge |
US7975491B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2011-07-12 | Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical Llc | Heat exchange system for a pump device |
DE102005025500B3 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-10-05 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Monitoring presence of air in flowing liquid such as blood, by determining number of sequential time intervals in which amplitude of received ultrasound signal is less than reference level |
EP2462882B1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2016-12-28 | Boston Scientific Limited | Interventional catheters |
WO2008085421A2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-17 | Medrad, Inc. | Patient-based parameter generation systems for medical injection procedures |
US8631683B2 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2014-01-21 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Dialysis systems including non-invasive multi-function sensor systems |
US7661293B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2010-02-16 | Cosense, Inc. | Ultrasonic system for detecting and quantifying of air bubbles/particles in a flowing liquid |
US7661294B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2010-02-16 | Cosense, Inc. | Non-invasive multi-function sensor system |
US10463778B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2019-11-05 | Baxter International Inc. | Blood treatment machine having electrical heartbeat analysis |
US8152751B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-04-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
EP2170165B1 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2018-12-05 | Bayer Healthcare LLC | Systems for determination of parameters for a procedure, for estimation of cardiopulmonary function and for fluid delivery |
US7981082B2 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2011-07-19 | Hospira, Inc. | System and method for reducing air bubbles in a fluid delivery line |
US8197431B2 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2012-06-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnect detection system |
US8062008B2 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2011-11-22 | Curlin Medical Inc. | Peristaltic pump and removable cassette therefor |
US7934912B2 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2011-05-03 | Curlin Medical Inc | Peristaltic pump assembly with cassette and mounting pin arrangement |
US8083503B2 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2011-12-27 | Curlin Medical Inc. | Peristaltic pump assembly and regulator therefor |
US8517990B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2013-08-27 | Hospira, Inc. | User interface improvements for medical devices |
AU2009262505B2 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2014-08-07 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Method and device for processing a time-dependent measurement signal |
US8192388B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2012-06-05 | Baxter International Inc. | System and method for detecting access disconnection |
US8114043B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2012-02-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Electromagnetic induction access disconnect sensor |
US9421330B2 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2016-08-23 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Mitigation of contrast-induced nephropathy |
CA2766262C (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2018-11-20 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Devices, a computer program product and a method for data extraction |
CA2767007C (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2017-11-21 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Drug delivery devices and related systems and methods |
CN102686252B (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2017-01-11 | 甘布罗伦迪亚股份公司 | Apparatus and method for prediction of rapid symptomatic blood pressure decrease |
US9151646B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2015-10-06 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | System, method, and apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
CA2803169C (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2020-09-22 | Medrad, Inc. | Modeling of pharmaceutical propagation and parameter generation for injection protocols |
WO2012106174A1 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-09 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Preventing over-delivery of drug |
US9987406B2 (en) | 2011-02-08 | 2018-06-05 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Magnetic sensors and related systems and methods |
US8353870B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2013-01-15 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Medical temperature sensors and related systems and methods |
US8836519B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2014-09-16 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Determining the absence or presence of fluid in a dialysis system |
US9333286B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2016-05-10 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Medical tubing installation detection |
CA2844807C (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2022-07-26 | Hospira, Inc. | Systems and methods for a graphical interface including a graphical representation of medical data |
ES2770578T3 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2020-07-02 | Icu Medical Inc | Pattern Recognition System and Method for Detecting Clogged Fluid Droplets in a Fluid Delivery Path of an Infusion System |
US9700672B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2017-07-11 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Continuous multi-fluid pump device, drive and actuating system and method |
AU2012315820B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2016-09-29 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Froth detection system and method |
US10022498B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2018-07-17 | Icu Medical, Inc. | System for monitoring and delivering medication to a patient and method of using the same to minimize the risks associated with automated therapy |
US10488848B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2019-11-26 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | System, method, and apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
US10228683B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | System, method, and apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
US9372486B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-06-21 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | System, method, and apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
US9746094B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2017-08-29 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Flow meter having a background pattern with first and second portions |
US9435455B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-09-06 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | System, method, and apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
US9746093B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2017-08-29 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Flow meter and related system and apparatus |
US9724467B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2017-08-08 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Flow meter |
JP6306566B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2018-04-04 | アイシーユー・メディカル・インコーポレーテッド | Air detection system and method for detecting air in an infusion system pump |
US9144646B2 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2015-09-29 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Vial spiking devices and related assemblies and methods |
HUE056182T2 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2022-01-28 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Systems and methods for determination of pharmaceutical fluid injection protocols based on x-ray tube voltage |
US9408968B2 (en) * | 2012-06-24 | 2016-08-09 | Zevex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detection and management of air-in-line |
ES2743160T3 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2020-02-18 | Icu Medical Inc | Patient care system for critical medications |
US9327072B2 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2016-05-03 | Zyno Medical, Llc | Multifunction capacitive sensor for medical pump |
US9759343B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-09-12 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Flow meter using a dynamic background image |
US9555379B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2017-01-31 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Fluid path set with turbulent mixing chamber, backflow compensator |
US9895109B2 (en) | 2013-03-20 | 2018-02-20 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Monitoring of cardiac arrest in a patient connected to an extracorporeal blood processing apparatus |
WO2014190264A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-11-27 | Hospira, Inc. | Multi-sensor infusion system for detecting air or an occlusion in the infusion system |
ES2838450T3 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2021-07-02 | Icu Medical Inc | Infusion set that uses one or more sensors and additional information to make an air determination relative to the infusion set |
AU2014274122A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2016-01-21 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system and method of use which prevents over-saturation of an analog-to-digital converter |
USD749206S1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2016-02-09 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
USD745661S1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2015-12-15 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
USD751690S1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2016-03-15 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
USD751689S1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2016-03-15 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
USD752209S1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2016-03-22 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
JP6636442B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2020-01-29 | アイシーユー・メディカル・インコーポレーテッド | Infusion systems and methods utilizing dual wavelength optical in-pipe air detection |
AU2015266706B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2020-01-30 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system and pump with configurable closed loop delivery rate catch-up |
JP6336361B2 (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2018-06-06 | テルモ株式会社 | Extracorporeal circulation device |
US11344668B2 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2022-05-31 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system with concurrent TPN/insulin infusion |
AU2016205275B2 (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2020-11-12 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Multiple fluid delivery system with multi-use disposable set and features thereof |
US10850024B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2020-12-01 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system, device, and method having advanced infusion features |
CN113598720A (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2021-11-05 | C·R·巴德股份有限公司 | Catheter assembly with monitoring function |
US10413654B2 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2019-09-17 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection system and method using signal metrics |
USD905848S1 (en) | 2016-01-28 | 2020-12-22 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
CA3013046A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 | 2017-08-03 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
WO2017152036A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-08 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | System and method for improved fluid delivery in multi-fluid injector systems |
EP3454922B1 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2022-04-06 | ICU Medical, Inc. | Infusion pump system with common line auto flush |
USD854145S1 (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2019-07-16 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus to control fluid flow through a tube |
CA3027176A1 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Acoustic flow sensor for continuous medication flow measurements and feedback control of infusion |
US11598664B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2023-03-07 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Injector pressure calibration system and method |
US11786652B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2023-10-17 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | System and method for drive member position and fluid injector system mechanical calibration |
EP3676854A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2020-07-08 | Bayer Healthcare LLC | Fluid path impedance assessment for improving fluid delivery performance |
US11478581B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2022-10-25 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Fluid injector system volume compensation system and method |
AU2018326379B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2024-03-21 | Bayer Healthcare Llc | Method for dynamic pressure control in a fluid injector system |
JP2018038891A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-03-15 | 株式会社根本杏林堂 | Portable injection device and control method for portable injection device |
US10089055B1 (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2018-10-02 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Synchronized display of screen content on networked devices |
CN108362830A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-08-03 | 湖北民族学院 | The SCM Based infusion atmospheric monitoring system of one kind and method |
USD964563S1 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2022-09-20 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Medical flow clamp |
WO2021021596A1 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2021-02-04 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Apparatus for monitoring, regulating, or controlling fluid flow |
ES2933693T3 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2023-02-13 | Eitan Medical Ltd | Rapid test for medical pump |
US11278671B2 (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2022-03-22 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion pump with safety sequence keypad |
WO2022020184A1 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-27 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Fluid transfer devices and methods of use |
US11135360B1 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2021-10-05 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Concurrent infusion with common line auto flush |
US11920581B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | Masterflex Llc | Flow rate control for pump with flow sensor |
US11846279B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2023-12-19 | Masterflex, Llc | Accurate volume dispensing using pump and flow sensor |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4565500A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1986-01-21 | Stewart-Riess Laboratories, Inc. | Air bubble detecting and discriminating circuit arrangement and method |
WO1989001796A1 (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-03-09 | Bellhouse Technology Limited | Bubble detector |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4496346A (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1985-01-29 | Air-Shields, Inc. | Infusion monitoring apparatus |
AU4536685A (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-02-13 | Abbott Laboratories | Optical drop detecting system |
IT1179808B (en) * | 1984-10-31 | 1987-09-16 | Hospal Dasco Spa | DETECTION AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRESENCE OF A GASEOUS FLUID IN CORRESPONDENCE WITH A PREFIXED LEVEL OF A LIQUID CONTAINER |
US4658244A (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1987-04-14 | Imed Corporation | Air-in-line detector |
SE459641B (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1989-07-24 | Gambro Ab | DETECTOR SYSTEM CONTROLS A BLOOD CIRCULATION ALTERNATIVE WITH A SIGNIFICANTLY UNLESSED |
FR2599496B1 (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1992-02-14 | Mms | BUBBLE DETECTOR IN A LIQUID CIRCUIT |
US4762518A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-08-09 | Pancretec, Inc. | Blockage hazard alarm in an intravenous system |
JPH076946B2 (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1995-01-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Air bubble detector |
US4764166A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1988-08-16 | Fisher Scientific Company | Ultrasonic air-in-line detector |
JPH01198560A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-10 | Meteku:Kk | Detector for detecting pressure of pipe transport fluid and air bubble contained therein |
JPH0255957U (en) * | 1988-10-15 | 1990-04-23 |
-
1990
- 1990-02-27 US US07/485,720 patent/US4981467A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-02-11 IL IL97206A patent/IL97206A0/en unknown
- 1991-02-18 DK DK91905285.2T patent/DK0470235T3/en active
- 1991-02-18 EP EP91905285A patent/EP0470235B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-18 CA CA002051703A patent/CA2051703C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-18 BR BR919104685A patent/BR9104685A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-18 AU AU73484/91A patent/AU632910B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-02-18 JP JP50511291A patent/JP3321620B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-02-18 DE DE69114073T patent/DE69114073T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-18 AT AT91905285T patent/ATE129415T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-18 WO PCT/US1991/001043 patent/WO1991012848A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-02-18 KR KR1019910701458A patent/KR0157986B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-19 ZA ZA911209A patent/ZA911209B/en unknown
- 1991-02-21 MX MX024630A patent/MX174109B/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4565500A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1986-01-21 | Stewart-Riess Laboratories, Inc. | Air bubble detecting and discriminating circuit arrangement and method |
WO1989001796A1 (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-03-09 | Bellhouse Technology Limited | Bubble detector |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO9112848A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69114073T2 (en) | 1996-05-30 |
EP0470235B1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
MX174109B (en) | 1994-04-21 |
US4981467A (en) | 1991-01-01 |
WO1991012848A1 (en) | 1991-09-05 |
IL97206A0 (en) | 1992-05-25 |
AU7348491A (en) | 1991-09-18 |
BR9104685A (en) | 1992-05-19 |
DK0470235T3 (en) | 1995-12-04 |
KR0157986B1 (en) | 1998-11-16 |
DE69114073D1 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
CA2051703A1 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
KR920700716A (en) | 1992-08-10 |
CA2051703C (en) | 1997-10-14 |
JPH04505412A (en) | 1992-09-24 |
ATE129415T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
ZA911209B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
AU632910B2 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
JP3321620B2 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
EP0470235A4 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0470235B1 (en) | Apparatus for the detection of air in fluid delivery systems | |
US4496346A (en) | Infusion monitoring apparatus | |
US5382232A (en) | Infusion system with air-in-line clear function | |
EP1015053B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for air-in-line detection | |
EP1699509B1 (en) | Empty container detection using container side pressure sensing | |
US4525163A (en) | Intravenous set flow control device | |
JP3262336B2 (en) | Device for monitoring blood chemistry | |
US6358225B1 (en) | Upstream occlusion detection system | |
US4114144A (en) | Automatic air-in-line fluid detector | |
EP1537886B1 (en) | Air-bubble-monitoring medication assembly | |
US5356378A (en) | Fluid line condition detection | |
EP1225936B1 (en) | Positive pressure infusion system having downstream resistance measurement capability | |
JP4818933B2 (en) | Improvement of drug administration safety for secondary injection | |
EP0266716B1 (en) | A transfusion apparatus | |
CN104363938B (en) | Occlusion detection in delivery of fluids | |
JPH04108455A (en) | Transfusion pump |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19911011 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 19921026 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A4 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19941012 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19951025 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19951025 Ref country code: ES Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19951025 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19951025 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19951025 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 129415 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19951115 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69114073 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19951130 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: KIRKER & CIE SA |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: MODIANO & ASSOCIATI S.R.L. |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19960125 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Effective date: 19960218 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19960228 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19960228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19960229 |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20020130 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20020131 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20020201 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030218 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030902 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050218 |