EP0751445A1 - Electric power generator for timepiece - Google Patents

Electric power generator for timepiece Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0751445A1
EP0751445A1 EP96109810A EP96109810A EP0751445A1 EP 0751445 A1 EP0751445 A1 EP 0751445A1 EP 96109810 A EP96109810 A EP 96109810A EP 96109810 A EP96109810 A EP 96109810A EP 0751445 A1 EP0751445 A1 EP 0751445A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coils
magnets
generator
pairs
generator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96109810A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Born
Rudolf Dinger
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Asulab AG
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Asulab AG
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Publication of EP0751445A1 publication Critical patent/EP0751445A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/16—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating an electro-dynamic continuously rotating motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to timepieces, of electronic type in which the energy source is formed by an electric generator with continuous rotation driven by a barrel spring mechanism with manual or automatic winding.
  • the barrel mechanically drives both the time indication hands and the electric generator which, in turn, has two functions.
  • the second function of the generator consists in serving as a regulator of the timepiece in order to maintain the speed of rotation of the hands at the set value.
  • This timepiece 1 comprises a barrel 2 in which is disposed a spring 3. This can be wound by a winding mechanism, well known to watchmakers, which can be either manual or automatic and is commonly used in watches say mechanical.
  • Barrel 2 is coupled to needles 4 and to an electric generator 5 according to the invention by means of suitable gear trains 6 shown diagrammatically by dashed lines in the drawings.
  • the generator 5 is designed to supply an alternating voltage on terminals G1 and G2, which voltage is rectified by a rectifier 7 at the output of which is connected a buffer capacitor 8 and the actual electronic circuit 9 of the watch.
  • the generator 5 is made to rotate continuously at a constant speed which is for example 4 t / s.
  • a regulation circuit 10 is provided to which a frequency standard 11 such as a quartz is connected.
  • the regulation circuit 10 is capable of comparing the frequency of the alternating voltage supplied by the generator 5 with the frequency supplied by the frequency standard 11. If the comparison indicates that the generator is running too fast (the frequency of its output voltage is too high), the control circuit supplies a control signal on a line 12.
  • a short-circuit resistor 13 can be connected to the terminals of the generator 5 by means of a switch 14 which is controlled by the control signal.
  • the switch is controlled to close by the control signal (the generator rotates too fast)
  • the resistor 13 almost short-circuits the coils of the generator. The latter is therefore braked until it returns to the set speed.
  • the coils of the generator are sensitive not only to the variations of the fields which cross them and which are due to the magnets of the generator, but also to those of the external fields like the terrestrial magnetic field.
  • the voltage at the terminals of the generator may include a comparatively significant component which persists at the terminals of the generator, even though its output voltage should be substantially zero due to the position of the magnets of the generator relative to its coils.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an electric generator for a timepiece making it possible to remedy the difficulties which one experiences in the prior art in correctly regulating the operation of the generator and, consequently, that of the timepiece.
  • the invention therefore relates to an electric generator in particular for a timepiece comprising a stator provided with coils angularly spaced around the axis of rotation of the generator and a rotor rotatably mounted around this axis and comprising at least one coaxial rotor disk.
  • said axis and carrying inductor magnets characterized in that said coils are identical and arranged in at least one pair connected in series between the output terminals of the generator, in that said magnets are arranged in at least one pair of angularly spaced magnets from each other with respect to said axis and in that said coils are connected together in such a manner and said magnets have inducing fields such that, when these magnets travel in front of the coils, they induce fem that get stronger.
  • the output voltage of the generator according to the invention will at all times be the result of the only voltages induced in the coils by the magnets, resulting in which are canceled the components of tension due to external fields.
  • FIG. 2 shows an axial sectional view of an embodiment of a generator according to the invention.
  • the generator comprises a stator 21 symbolized by the dotted lines 22.
  • This stator 21 is mounted fixed in the plate (not shown) of the timepiece equipped with the generator according to the invention.
  • the mechanical construction of this stator is known per se and need not be described here.
  • the stator 21 has two identical coils 23 and 24. It is crossed by a shaft 25 which can rotate in bearings (not shown) around the axis XX of the generator.
  • Two rotor discs 26 and 27 made of a magnetic material are wedged on the shaft 25 while being coaxial with the axis XX and arranged on either side of the stator 21.
  • each rotor disc 26 and 27 carries two permanent magnets 28 and 29 oriented respectively upside down on the corresponding disc. In other words, on each disc, their N and S polarities are reversed.
  • magnets located angularly in the same location on the two discs 26 and 27 are oriented in opposite directions, opposite polarities therefore being respectively contiguous to these discs.
  • stator 21 the presence of magnets on either side of the stator 21 is optional, the generator being able to also operate if magnets are only provided for only one side of the stator, ie on a disc only.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown schematically a plan view of a first example of the generator according to the invention, assuming that it comprises only a single rotor disk, for example the lower disk 27 of FIG. 2.
  • the stator (not shown here) has two coils B11 and B12 also arranged in diametrically opposite positions relative to the axis X-X.
  • the magnets have just entered the respective spaces defined between the coils B11 and B12 and the disc 27, their polarities creating in these reverse flow coils. Given the direction of winding of the coils and their connection mode (which will be commented on later in the description, these flows induce in the coils of f.e.m. which reinforce each other between the terminals of the generator.
  • Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the generator, different from that of Figure 3 in that it comprises four magnets A21, A22, A23 and A24 arranged on the disc 27 with an angular offset of 90 °, these magnets cooperating with two coils B21 and B22.
  • two coils B31 and B32 cooperate with six magnets A31 to A36 offset angularly by 60 ° relative to the axis X-X of the generator.
  • the polarities of the diametrically opposite magnets of a pair of magnets have opposite polarities.
  • Figures 6A to 6F show several series connection diagrams for the generator coils shown in Figures 3 to 5, taking into account their winding direction, the coils being assumed to be placed so that their winding axis is perpendicular in terms of drawing. Furthermore, the arrows in solid lines have symbolized the polarity of the voltage generated in each coil by the passage in front of it of a generator magnet, and by arrows in dotted lines the direction of the voltage due to a variable flux which can be created there by an external magnetic field, without however taking into account either the value or the amplitude of these voltages, nor the moment at which one examines the situation in the generator.
  • the terminals thereof are designated by G1 and G2, while the ends of the winding of the coils are designated respectively by EE for the outer end and by EI for the inner end.
  • FIG. 6A it can be seen that the coils b1 and b2 are wound in the same direction, in this case clockwise. Furthermore, the internal ends EI are connected respectively to the terminals G1 and G2, while the external ends EE are connected to each other by forming the junction point PJ of the coils b1 and b2. It can be seen that under these conditions, the voltages due to the external field vanish, while the voltages due to the magnets are added since, as indicated above, the magnets which by their positions are diametrically opposed one by compared to each other, have reverse polarities.
  • the external ends EE of the coils b1 and b2 are connected respectively to the terminals G1 and G2 of the generator, while the internal ends EI of these coils are connected together to form the junction point PJ.
  • the coils b1 and b2 have coils wound in a clockwise direction, as seen in the figure and starting from the center of the coils.
  • Figures 6C and 6D show the connection diagrams respectively of two generators whose coils b1 and b2 are wound in opposite directions. Under these conditions, to obtain a cancellation of the voltages due to the external magnetic field and the reinforcement of the voltages due to the magnets of the generator, the coils are connected each time with their connections reversed with respect to those of FIGS. 6A and 6B. However, the orientation of the polarities of the magnets remains identical in the four cases considered.
  • FIG. 7 represents another embodiment of the invention in which the generator comprises two pairs of coils, respectively B41, B42 and B43, B44, the coils of each pair being here diametrically opposite.
  • This generator comprises two diametrically opposite magnets A41 and A42 and also of opposite polarities.
  • the number of pairs of magnets on the same rotor disc can here also be chosen to 2 or 3, or even more.
  • FIG. 8 represents another embodiment of the generator according to the invention which also comprises two pairs of coils, the coils of each pair being, not diametrically opposite, but contiguous to each other.
  • This generator comprises four magnets A51 to A54, the polarities of which are alternated from one magnet to the neighboring magnet.
  • Figures 9A and 9B show, among others, two possible connection diagrams of the generator coils according to Figures 7 and 8.
  • the four coils b1, b2, b1 'and b2' are mounted in series and form in fact, with regard to FIG. 9A, the placing in series of two assemblies according to FIG. 6A, and with regard to FIG. 9B, the placing in series of the assembly of FIG. 6E.
  • each pair of coils placed in series is associated with two magnets which, when they enter the respective spaces delimited between the coils and the rotor disk carrying these magnets create magnetic fluxes in opposite directions.

Abstract

A stator (21) is fixed to a plate in the clock and carries two identical coils (23,24) which are connected in series to output terminals. A shaft (25) passes through the stator and supports two rotor discs (26,27) made from a magnetic material. Each of the two rotor discs (26,27) carries two permanent magnets (28,29) which are orientated with opposite polarity with respect to each disc and induce electromotive force in the stator coils (23,24) of the same polarity as they pass them.

Description

La présente invention est relative aux pièces d'horlogerie, de type électronique dans lesquelles la source d'énergie est formée par un générateur électrique à rotation continue mû par un mécanisme à ressort de barillet à remontage manuel ou automatique.The present invention relates to timepieces, of electronic type in which the energy source is formed by an electric generator with continuous rotation driven by a barrel spring mechanism with manual or automatic winding.

Dans ce genre de pièces d'horlogerie, le barillet entraîne mécaniquement aussi bien les aiguilles d'indication de l'heure que le générateur électrique qui, quant à lui, a deux fonctions. Tout d'abord, il est chargé d'alimenter le circuit électronique fonctionnant à l'aide d'une référence temporelle formée de préférence par un quartz. La seconde fonction du générateur consiste à servir de régulateur de la pièce d'horlogerie afin de maintenir la vitesse de rotation des aiguilles à la valeur imposée.In this type of timepiece, the barrel mechanically drives both the time indication hands and the electric generator which, in turn, has two functions. First of all, it is responsible for supplying the electronic circuit operating with the aid of a time reference preferably formed by a quartz. The second function of the generator consists in serving as a regulator of the timepiece in order to maintain the speed of rotation of the hands at the set value.

Un exemple d'une telle pièce d'horlogerie est décrit dans le brevet européen EP 0 239 820. On en rappelle ici brièvement le fonctionnement en se référant à la figure 1 des dessins annexés.An example of such a timepiece is described in European patent EP 0 239 820. Here the operation is briefly recalled with reference to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings.

Cette pièce d'horlogerie 1 comprend un barillet 2 dans lequel est disposé un ressort 3. Celui-ci peut être remonté par un mécanisme de remontage, bien connu des horlogers, qui peut être soit manuel, soit automatique et est utilisé couramment dans les montres dites mécaniques.This timepiece 1 comprises a barrel 2 in which is disposed a spring 3. This can be wound by a winding mechanism, well known to watchmakers, which can be either manual or automatic and is commonly used in watches say mechanical.

Le barillet 2 est couplé à des aiguilles 4 et à un générateur électrique 5 selon l'invention par l'intermédiaire de trains d'engrenages 6 appropriés schématisés par des traits mixtes sur le dessins.Barrel 2 is coupled to needles 4 and to an electric generator 5 according to the invention by means of suitable gear trains 6 shown diagrammatically by dashed lines in the drawings.

Le générateur 5 est conçu pour fournir une tension alternative sur des bornes G1 et G2 , tension qui est redressée par un redresseur 7 à la sortie de laquelle est branché un condensateur tampon 8 et le circuit électronique proprement dit 9 de la montre.The generator 5 is designed to supply an alternating voltage on terminals G1 and G2, which voltage is rectified by a rectifier 7 at the output of which is connected a buffer capacitor 8 and the actual electronic circuit 9 of the watch.

Pour réguler la marche des aiguilles 4, le générateur 5 est amené à tourner en permanence à une vitesse constante qui est par exemple de 4 t/s. A cet effet, il est prévu un circuit de régulation 10 auquel est raccordé un standard de fréquence 11 tel qu'un quartz. Le circuit de régulation 10 est capable de comparer la fréquence de la tension alternative fournie par le générateur 5 à la fréquence fournie par le standard de fréquence 11. Si la comparaison indique que le générateur tourne trop vite (la fréquence de sa tension de sortie est trop élevée), le circuit de régulation fournit un signal de commande sur une ligne 12.To regulate the running of the hands 4, the generator 5 is made to rotate continuously at a constant speed which is for example 4 t / s. To this end, a regulation circuit 10 is provided to which a frequency standard 11 such as a quartz is connected. The regulation circuit 10 is capable of comparing the frequency of the alternating voltage supplied by the generator 5 with the frequency supplied by the frequency standard 11. If the comparison indicates that the generator is running too fast (the frequency of its output voltage is too high), the control circuit supplies a control signal on a line 12.

Une résistance de court-circuit 13 peut être raccordée sur les bornes du générateur 5 par l'intermédiaire d'un interrupteur 14 qui est commandé par le signal de commande. Lorsque l'interrupteur est commandé à la fermeture par le signal de commande (le générateur tourne trop vite), la résistance 13 court-circuite quasiment les bobines du générateur. Ce dernier est donc freiné jusqu'à ce qu'il retrouve la vitesse de consigne.A short-circuit resistor 13 can be connected to the terminals of the generator 5 by means of a switch 14 which is controlled by the control signal. When the switch is controlled to close by the control signal (the generator rotates too fast), the resistor 13 almost short-circuits the coils of the generator. The latter is therefore braked until it returns to the set speed.

Ce processus de régulation est décrit in extenso dans le brevet européen précité. On remarquera cependant que la précision de la marche de la montre dépend en grande partie de la précision avec laquelle on mesure la fréquence de la tension aux bornes du générateur 5. Cette mesure est effectuée en détectant les passages par zéro de cette tension.This regulatory process is described in full in the aforementioned European patent. It will however be noted that the precision of the running of the watch depends largely on the precision with which the frequency of the voltage across the terminals of the generator 5 is measured. This measurement is carried out by detecting the zero crossings of this voltage.

Or, on-a constaté que la précision de telles pièces d'horlogerie laisse à désirer. En effet, les instants de passage par zéro de la tension fournie par le générateur ne peuvent être déterminés avec l'exactitude voulue et, de fait on constate une variation non négligeable des intervalles de temps séparant ces instants.However, it has been found that the precision of such timepieces leaves something to be desired. In fact, the instants of zero crossing of the voltage supplied by the generator cannot be determined with the desired accuracy and, in fact, there is a non-negligible variation in the time intervals separating these instants.

On s'est donc efforcé de déceler la cause de cette imprécision et il s'est avéré que, de façon irrégulière, la tension de sortie du générateur comporte une composante résiduelle, certes faible, mais significative qui rend irréguliers les instants de passage par zéro de la tension de sortie. Ainsi, dans la suite des alternances de cette tension de sortie, les instants de passage par zéro peuvent aléatoirement avancer ou retarder.We therefore tried to detect the cause of this inaccuracy and it turned out that, irregularly, the generator output voltage has a residual component, admittedly small, but significant which makes the instants of zero crossing irregular. tension Release. Thus, in the series of alternations of this output voltage, the instants of passage through zero can randomly advance or delay.

La raison en est que les bobines du générateur sont sensibles non seulement aux variations des champs qui les traversent et qui sont dus aux aimants du générateur, mais également à celles des champs externes comme le champ magnétique terrestre. Ainsi, la tension aux bornes du générateur peut comporter une composante comparativement non négligeable qui persiste aux bornes du générateur, alors même que sa tension de sortie devrait être sensiblement nulle en raison de la position des aimants du générateur par rapport à ses bobines.The reason is that the coils of the generator are sensitive not only to the variations of the fields which cross them and which are due to the magnets of the generator, but also to those of the external fields like the terrestrial magnetic field. Thus, the voltage at the terminals of the generator may include a comparatively significant component which persists at the terminals of the generator, even though its output voltage should be substantially zero due to the position of the magnets of the generator relative to its coils.

L'invention a pour but de proposer un générateur électrique pour une pièce d'horlogerie permettant de remédier aux difficultés que l'on éprouve dans la technique antérieure à réguler correctement la marche du générateur et, partant, celle de la pièce d'horlogerie.The object of the invention is to propose an electric generator for a timepiece making it possible to remedy the difficulties which one experiences in the prior art in correctly regulating the operation of the generator and, consequently, that of the timepiece.

L'invention a donc pour objet un générateur électrique notamment pour pièce d'horlogerie comportant un stator muni de bobines angulairement espacés autour de l'axe de rotation du générateur et un rotor monté rotatif autour de cet axe et comportant au moins un disque rotorique coaxial audit axe et portant des aimants inducteurs caractérisé en ce que lesdites bobines sont identiques et agencées en au moins une paire connectées en série entre les bornes de sortie du générateur, en ce que lesdits aimants sont agencés en au moins une paire d'aimants angulairement espacés l'un de l'autre par rapport audit axe et en ce que lesdites bobines sont connectées entre elles de telle manière et lesdits aimants ont des champs inducteurs tels que, lors du défilement de ces aimants devant les bobines, ils y induisent des f.e.m. qui se renforcent.The invention therefore relates to an electric generator in particular for a timepiece comprising a stator provided with coils angularly spaced around the axis of rotation of the generator and a rotor rotatably mounted around this axis and comprising at least one coaxial rotor disk. to said axis and carrying inductor magnets characterized in that said coils are identical and arranged in at least one pair connected in series between the output terminals of the generator, in that said magnets are arranged in at least one pair of angularly spaced magnets from each other with respect to said axis and in that said coils are connected together in such a manner and said magnets have inducing fields such that, when these magnets travel in front of the coils, they induce fem that get stronger.

Grâce à ces caractéristiques, la tension de sortie du générateur selon l'invention sera à tout moment la résultante des seules tensions induites dans les bobines par les aimants, résultante dans laquelle sont annulées les composantes de tension dues à des champs extérieurs.Thanks to these characteristics, the output voltage of the generator according to the invention will at all times be the result of the only voltages induced in the coils by the magnets, resulting in which are canceled the components of tension due to external fields.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1, déjà décrite, est un schéma du circuit électrique d'une pièce d'horlogerie du type pouvant être alimenté par un générateur selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 montre une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un générateur selon l'invention;
  • les figures 3 à 5 montrent par des vues schématiques en plan, trois modes de réalisation du générateur selon l'invention;
  • les figures 6A à 6F montrent plusieurs schémas de connexion possibles pour les bobines des générateurs des figures 3, 4 et 5;
  • les figures 7 et 8 montrent deux autres modes de réalisation du générateur selon l'invention comportant deux paires de bobines, et
  • les figures 9A et 9B montrent des schémas de connexion possibles pour les générateurs représentés sur les figures 7 et 8.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1, already described, is a diagram of the electrical circuit of a timepiece of the type that can be powered by a generator according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view in axial section of a generator according to the invention;
  • Figures 3 to 5 show in schematic plan views, three embodiments of the generator according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 6A to 6F show several possible connection diagrams for the coils of the generators in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5;
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show two other embodiments of the generator according to the invention comprising two pairs of coils, and
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show possible connection diagrams for the generators shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

On va se référer maintenant à la représentation schématique de la figure 2 qui montre une vue en coupe axiale d'un exemple de réalisation d'un générateur selon l'invention. Le générateur comporte un stator 21 symbolisé par les traits pointillés 22. Ce stator 21 est monté fixe dans la platine (non représentée) de la pièce d'horlogerie équipée du générateur selon l'invention. La construction mécanique de ce stator est connue en soi et n'a pas à être décrite ici.We will now refer to the schematic representation of Figure 2 which shows an axial sectional view of an embodiment of a generator according to the invention. The generator comprises a stator 21 symbolized by the dotted lines 22. This stator 21 is mounted fixed in the plate (not shown) of the timepiece equipped with the generator according to the invention. The mechanical construction of this stator is known per se and need not be described here.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le stator 21 comporte deux bobines identiques 23 et 24. Il est traversé par un arbre 25 qui peut tourillonner dans des paliers (non représentés) autour de l'axe X-X du générateur. Deux disques rotoriques 26 et 27 en un matériau magnétique sont calés sur l'arbre 25 en étant coaxiaux à l'axe X-X et disposés de part et d'autre du stator 21. Dans le présent exemple, chaque disque rotorique 26 et 27 porte deux aimants permanents 28 et 29 orientés respectivement en tête-bêche sur le disque correspondant. Autrement dit, sur chaque disque, leurs polarités N et S sont inversées. En outre, des aimants se trouvant angulairement au même emplacement sur les deux disques 26 et 27 sont orientés en sens inverse, des polarités opposées étant donc respectivement contiguës à ces disques.In the example shown, the stator 21 has two identical coils 23 and 24. It is crossed by a shaft 25 which can rotate in bearings (not shown) around the axis XX of the generator. Two rotor discs 26 and 27 made of a magnetic material are wedged on the shaft 25 while being coaxial with the axis XX and arranged on either side of the stator 21. In the present example, each rotor disc 26 and 27 carries two permanent magnets 28 and 29 oriented respectively upside down on the corresponding disc. In other words, on each disc, their N and S polarities are reversed. In addition, magnets located angularly in the same location on the two discs 26 and 27 are oriented in opposite directions, opposite polarities therefore being respectively contiguous to these discs.

Il est à noter que dans tous les modes de réalisation qui vont être décrits ci-après, la présence d'aimants de part et d'autre du stator 21 est optionnelle, le générateur pouvant fonctionner également si des aimants ne sont prévus que d'un seul côté du stator, c'est à dire sur un disque seulement.It should be noted that in all the embodiments which will be described below, the presence of magnets on either side of the stator 21 is optional, the generator being able to also operate if magnets are only provided for only one side of the stator, ie on a disc only.

Sur la figure 3, on a représenté schématiquement une vue en plan d'un premier exemple du générateur selon l'invention en supposant qu'il ne comporte qu'un seul disque rotorique, par exemple le disque inférieur 27 de la figure 2. Sur ce disque 27 sont fixés deux aimants A11 et A12 dans des positions diamétralement opposées par rapport à l'axe X-X du générateur. Le stator (ici non représenté) comporte deux bobines B11 et B12 également disposés dans des positions diamétralement opposées par rapport à l'axe X-X. On notera que sur la figure 3, compte tenu du sens de rotation supposé du générateur (flèche F), les aimants viennent juste d'entrer dans les espaces respectifs délimités entre les bobines B11 et B12 et le disque 27, leurs polarités créant dans ces bobines des flux inverses. Compte tenu du sens d'enroulement des bobines et leur mode de connexion (qui seront commentés plus loin dans la description, ces flux induisent dans les bobines des f.e.m. qui se renforcent l'un l'autre entre les bornes du générateur.In FIG. 3, there is shown schematically a plan view of a first example of the generator according to the invention, assuming that it comprises only a single rotor disk, for example the lower disk 27 of FIG. 2. On this disc 27 are fixed two magnets A11 and A12 in diametrically opposite positions relative to the axis XX of the generator. The stator (not shown here) has two coils B11 and B12 also arranged in diametrically opposite positions relative to the axis X-X. Note that in Figure 3, given the supposed direction of rotation of the generator (arrow F), the magnets have just entered the respective spaces defined between the coils B11 and B12 and the disc 27, their polarities creating in these reverse flow coils. Given the direction of winding of the coils and their connection mode (which will be commented on later in the description, these flows induce in the coils of f.e.m. which reinforce each other between the terminals of the generator.

Il est à noter que les polarités des aimants sont indiquées sur cette figure et sur toutes les autres figures qui seront décrites ci-après, pour ce qui est un pôle nord par un point, le flux magnétique étant alors supposé "sortir" du le plan du dessin, et pour ce qui est un pâle sud par une croix, le flux étant alors supposé "rentrer" dans le plan du dessin.It should be noted that the polarities of the magnets are indicated in this figure and in all the other figures which will be described below, for what is a north pole by a point, the magnetic flux then being supposed "to leave" of the plan of the drawing, and for what is a pale south by a cross, the flow being then supposed to "return" in the plan of the drawing.

La figure 4 représente un autre mode de réalisation du générateur, différant de celui de la figure 3 en ce qu'il comporte quatre aimants A21, A22, A23 et A24 disposés sur le disque 27 avec un décalage angulaire de 90°, ces aimants coopérant avec deux bobines B21 et B22.Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the generator, different from that of Figure 3 in that it comprises four magnets A21, A22, A23 and A24 arranged on the disc 27 with an angular offset of 90 °, these magnets cooperating with two coils B21 and B22.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 5, deux bobines B31 et B32 coopèrent avec six aimants A31 à A36 décalés angulairement de 60° par rapport à l'axe X-X du générateur.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, two coils B31 and B32 cooperate with six magnets A31 to A36 offset angularly by 60 ° relative to the axis X-X of the generator.

On notera que selon l'invention, les polarités des aimants diamétralement opposés d'une paire d'aimants ont des polarités inverses.It will be noted that according to the invention, the polarities of the diametrically opposite magnets of a pair of magnets have opposite polarities.

On conçoit facilement que les bobines peuvent être enroulées dans le sens horaire ou dans le sens antihoraire, en partant du centre de la bobine, ce qui par convention est le cas dans toutes les figures des dessins annexes.It is easily understood that the coils can be wound clockwise or counterclockwise, starting from the center of the coil, which by convention is the case in all the figures of the accompanying drawings.

Les figures 6A à 6F montrent plusieurs schémas de connexion série pour les bobines des générateurs représentés sur les figures 3 à 5, en tenant compte de leur sens d'enroulement, les bobines étant supposées être placées de manière que leur axe d'enroulement soit perpendiculaire au plan du dessin. Par ailleurs, on a symbolisé par des flèches en traits pleins, la polarité de la tension -engendrée dans chaque bobine par le passage devant elle d'un aimant du générateur, et par des flèches en traits pointillés le sens de la tension due à un flux variable qui peut y être crée par un champ magnétique extérieur, sans toutefois tenir compte ni de la valeur ou de l'amplitude de ces tensions, ni du moment auquel on examine la situation dans le générateur. Les bornes de celui-ci sont désignées par G1 et G2, tandis que les extrémités de l'enroulement des bobines sont désignées respectivement par EE pour l'extrémité externe et par EI pour l'extrémité interne.Figures 6A to 6F show several series connection diagrams for the generator coils shown in Figures 3 to 5, taking into account their winding direction, the coils being assumed to be placed so that their winding axis is perpendicular in terms of drawing. Furthermore, the arrows in solid lines have symbolized the polarity of the voltage generated in each coil by the passage in front of it of a generator magnet, and by arrows in dotted lines the direction of the voltage due to a variable flux which can be created there by an external magnetic field, without however taking into account either the value or the amplitude of these voltages, nor the moment at which one examines the situation in the generator. The terminals thereof are designated by G1 and G2, while the ends of the winding of the coils are designated respectively by EE for the outer end and by EI for the inner end.

Sur la figure 6A, on voit que les bobines b1 et b2 sont enroulées dans le même sens, en l'occurrence dans le sens horaire. Par ailleurs, les extrémités internes EI sont connectées respectivement aux bornes G1 et G2, tandis que les extrémités externes EE sont raccordées l'une à l'autre en formant le point de jonction PJ des bobines b1 et b2. On voit que dans ces conditions, les tensions dues au champ externe s'annulent, tandis que les tensions dues aux aimants s'ajoutent étant donné que, comme indiqué ci-dessus, les aimants qui par leurs positions sont diamétralement opposés l'un par rapport à l'autre, ont des polarités inverses.In FIG. 6A, it can be seen that the coils b1 and b2 are wound in the same direction, in this case clockwise. Furthermore, the internal ends EI are connected respectively to the terminals G1 and G2, while the external ends EE are connected to each other by forming the junction point PJ of the coils b1 and b2. It can be seen that under these conditions, the voltages due to the external field vanish, while the voltages due to the magnets are added since, as indicated above, the magnets which by their positions are diametrically opposed one by compared to each other, have reverse polarities.

Selon le mode de connexion de la figure 6B, les extrémités externes EE des bobines b1 et b2 sont connectées respectivement aux bornes G1 et G2 du générateur, tandis que les extrémités internes EI de ces bobines sont connectées ensemble pour former le point de jonction PJ. Les bobines b1 et b2 ont des enroulements enroulés dans le sens horaire, comme vu sur la figure et en partant du centre des bobines.According to the connection mode of FIG. 6B, the external ends EE of the coils b1 and b2 are connected respectively to the terminals G1 and G2 of the generator, while the internal ends EI of these coils are connected together to form the junction point PJ. The coils b1 and b2 have coils wound in a clockwise direction, as seen in the figure and starting from the center of the coils.

Les figures 6C et 6D montrent les schémas de connexion respectivement de deux générateurs dont les bobines b1 et b2 sont enroulées en sens inverse. Dans ces conditions, pour obtenir une annulation des tensions dues au champ magnétique extérieur et le renforcement des tensions dues aux aimants du générateur, les bobines sont raccordées chaque fois avec leurs connexions inversées par rapport à celles des figures 6A et 6B. Toutefois, l'orientation des polarités des aimants reste identique dans les quatre cas considérés.Figures 6C and 6D show the connection diagrams respectively of two generators whose coils b1 and b2 are wound in opposite directions. Under these conditions, to obtain a cancellation of the voltages due to the external magnetic field and the reinforcement of the voltages due to the magnets of the generator, the coils are connected each time with their connections reversed with respect to those of FIGS. 6A and 6B. However, the orientation of the polarities of the magnets remains identical in the four cases considered.

Alors que sur les figures 6A à 6D, les deux bobines b1 et b2 de générateur sont, dans chaque schéma de connexion, enroulés dans le même sens, ce sens d'enroulement est inverse pour les deux bobines du générateur dans les cas des figures 6E et 6F. L'orientation des aimants doit être la même que celle décrite ci-dessus.While in FIGS. 6A to 6D, the two generator coils b1 and b2 are, in each connection diagram, wound in the same direction, this winding direction is opposite for the two generator coils in the cases of FIGS. 6E and 6F. The orientation of the magnets must be the same as that described above.

La figure 7 représente un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le générateur comporte deux paires de bobines, respectivement B41, B42 et B43, B44, les bobines de chaque paire étant ici diamétralement opposées. Ce générateur comporte deux aimants A41 et A42 diamétralement opposés et de polarités opposées également. Bien entendu, le nombre de paires d'aimants sur un même disque rotorique peut ici également être choisi à 2 ou à 3, voire davantage.FIG. 7 represents another embodiment of the invention in which the generator comprises two pairs of coils, respectively B41, B42 and B43, B44, the coils of each pair being here diametrically opposite. This generator comprises two diametrically opposite magnets A41 and A42 and also of opposite polarities. Of course, the number of pairs of magnets on the same rotor disc can here also be chosen to 2 or 3, or even more.

La figure 8 représente un autre mode de réalisation du générateur selon l'invention qui comporte également deux paires de bobines, les bobines de chaque paire étant, non pas diamétralement opposées, mais contiguës l'une à l'autre. Ainsi, l'on peut former les paires de bobines, soit par les bobines B51, B52 et B53, B54, soit par les bobines B51, B54 et B52, B53, ces dispositions constituant ainsi respectivement deux variantes de ce mode de réalisation de l'invention. Ce générateur comporte quatre aimants A51 à A54 dont les polarités sont alternées d'un aimant à l'aimant voisin.FIG. 8 represents another embodiment of the generator according to the invention which also comprises two pairs of coils, the coils of each pair being, not diametrically opposite, but contiguous to each other. Thus, it is possible to form the pairs of coils, either by the coils B51, B52 and B53, B54, or by the coils B51, B54 and B52, B53, these arrangements thus constituting respectively respectively two variants of this embodiment of the 'invention. This generator comprises four magnets A51 to A54, the polarities of which are alternated from one magnet to the neighboring magnet.

Les figures 9A et 9B montrent parmi d'autres, deux schémas de connexion possibles des bobines des générateurs selon les figures 7 et 8. Dans les deux cas, les quatre bobines b1, b2, b1' et b2' sont montées en série et forment de fait, pour ce qui concerne la figure 9A, la mise en série de deux montages selon la figure 6A, et pour ce qui concerne la figure 9B, la mise en série du montage de la figure 6E. On obtient ainsi également un renforcement des quatre tensions dues aux aimants et une annulation des quatre tensions dues au champ externe.Figures 9A and 9B show, among others, two possible connection diagrams of the generator coils according to Figures 7 and 8. In both cases, the four coils b1, b2, b1 'and b2' are mounted in series and form in fact, with regard to FIG. 9A, the placing in series of two assemblies according to FIG. 6A, and with regard to FIG. 9B, the placing in series of the assembly of FIG. 6E. There is thus also a reinforcement of the four voltages due to the magnets and a cancellation of the four voltages due to the external field.

On remarquera particulièrement que dans tous les modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits ci-dessus, chaque paire de bobines mises en série est associée à deux aimants qui, lorsqu'ils entrent dans les espaces respectifs délimités entre les bobines et le disque rotorique portant ces aimants y créent des flux magnétiques de directions opposées.It will be noted in particular that in all the embodiments which have been described above, each pair of coils placed in series is associated with two magnets which, when they enter the respective spaces delimited between the coils and the rotor disk carrying these magnets create magnetic fluxes in opposite directions.

Claims (9)

Générateur électrique notamment pour pièce d'horlogerie comportant un stator (21) muni de bobines (23, 24) angulairement espacés autour de l'axe de rotation (X-X) du générateur et un rotor (25, 26, 27) monté rotatif autour de cet axe (X-X) et comportant au moins un disque rotorique (26, 27) coaxial audit axe et portant des aimants inducteurs (28, 29), caractérisé en ce que lesdites bobines (23, 24) sont identiques et agencées en au moins une paire connectées en série entre les bornes de sortie (G1, G2) du générateur, en ce que lesdits aimants sont agencés en au moins une paire d'aimants (28, 29) angulairement espacés l'un de l'autre par rapport audit axe (X-X) et en ce que lesdites bobines sont connectées entre elles de telle manière et lesdits aimants ont des champs inducteurs tels que, lors du défilement de ces aimants devant les bobines (23, 24), ils y induisent des f.e.m. qui se renforcent.Electric generator in particular for a timepiece comprising a stator (21) provided with coils (23, 24) angularly spaced around the axis of rotation (XX) of the generator and a rotor (25, 26, 27) rotatably mounted around this axis (XX) and comprising at least one rotor disk (26, 27) coaxial with said axis and carrying inductor magnets (28, 29), characterized in that said coils (23, 24) are identical and arranged in at least one pair connected in series between the output terminals (G1, G2) of the generator, in that said magnets are arranged in at least one pair of magnets (28, 29) angularly spaced from one another relative to said axis (XX) and in that said coils are connected together in such a way and said magnets have inductive fields such that, when these magnets run in front of the coils (23, 24), they induce fem that get stronger. Générateur électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bobines de chaque paire de bobines (B11, B12; B21, B22; B31, B32; B41, B42, B43, B44) et les aimants de chaque paire d'aimants (A11, A12; A21, A22; A31 à A35; A41, A42) sont agencés dans des positions diamétralement opposées par rapport audit axe (X-X).Electric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils of each pair of coils (B11, B12; B21, B22; B31, B32; B41, B42, B43, B44) and the magnets of each pair of magnets (A11 , A12; A21, A22; A31 to A35; A41, A42) are arranged in positions diametrically opposite with respect to said axis (XX). Générateur électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une seule paire de bobines (B11, B12; B21, B22; B31, B32) et un nombre de paires d'aimants (A11, A12; A21, A22; A31 à A35), choisi parmi les nombres 1, 2 et 3.Electric generator according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a single pair of coils (B11, B12; B21, B22; B31, B32) and a number of pairs of magnets (A11, A12; A21, A22; A31 to A35), chosen from the numbers 1, 2 and 3. Générateur électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux paires de bobines (B41 à B44; B51 à B54) et un nombre de paires d'aimants (A41, A42; A51 à A54), choisi parmi les nombres 1, 2 et 3.Electric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two pairs of coils (B41 to B44; B51 to B54) and a number of pairs of magnets (A41, A42; A51 to A54), chosen from the numbers 1 , 2 and 3. Générateur électrique suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les bobines de chaque paire de bobines (B51 à B54) et les aimants de chaque paire d'aimants (A51 à A54) d'un même disque rotorique sont angulairement contigus par rapport audit axe (X-X).Electric generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the coils of each pair of coils (B51 to B54) and the magnets of each pair magnets (A51 to A54) of the same rotor disc are angularly contiguous with respect to said axis (XX). Générateur électrique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les bobines de chacune desdites paires de bobines sont enroulées dans le même sens et en ce que leur connexion commune (PJ) est formée par les extrémités extérieures (EE) de leurs enroulements (figures 6A, 6B, 9A).Electric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coils of each of said pairs of coils are wound in the same direction and in that their common connection (PJ) is formed by the outer ends (EE) of their windings (Figures 6A, 6B, 9A). Générateur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les bobines de chacune desdites paires de bobines sont enroulées dans le même sens et en ce que leur connexion commune (PJ) est formée entre l'extrémité extérieure (EE) de l'un des enroulements et l'extrémité intérieure (EI) de l'autre enroulement (figures 6C, 6D).Generator according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coils of each of said pairs of coils are wound in the same direction and in that their common connection (PJ) is formed between the outer end (EE) of one of the windings and the inner end (EI) of the other winding (Figures 6C, 6D). Générateur électrique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les bobines de chacune desdites paires de bobines sont enroulées dans des sens opposés et en ce que leur connexion commune (PJ) est formée entre les extrémités extérieures (EE) de leurs enroulements (figure 6E).Electric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coils of each of said pairs of coils are wound in opposite directions and in that their common connection (PJ) is formed between the outer ends (EE) of their windings (Figure 6E). Générateur électrique suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les bobines de chacune desdites paires de bobines sont enroulées dans des sens opposés et en ce que leur connexion commune (PJ) est formée entre l'extrémité extérieure (EE) de l'un des enroulements et l'extrémité intérieure (EI) de l'autre enroulement (figures 6F; 9B).Electric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coils of each of said pairs of coils are wound in opposite directions and in that their common connection (PJ) is formed between the outer end (EE ) of one of the windings and the inner end (EI) of the other winding (Figures 6F; 9B).
EP96109810A 1995-06-27 1996-06-19 Electric power generator for timepiece Withdrawn EP0751445A1 (en)

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CH187395 1995-06-27
CH1873/95 1995-06-27

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EP0990961A1 (en) * 1998-10-01 2000-04-05 Seiko Epson Corporation Electromagnetic transducer and electronic device including the transducer
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US6124649A (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-09-26 Ronda Ag Micro-generator module and clockwork movement containing such a micro-generator
KR100547250B1 (en) * 1996-12-23 2006-03-23 리치몬트 인터내셔날 에스.에이. Micro-generator, module and clockwork movement containing such a micro-generator
US6603236B2 (en) 1998-01-22 2003-08-05 Seiko Epson Corporation Electronic timepiece
US6208055B1 (en) 1998-10-01 2001-03-27 Seiko Epson Corporation Electromagnetic transducer and electronic device including the transducer
EP0990961A1 (en) * 1998-10-01 2000-04-05 Seiko Epson Corporation Electromagnetic transducer and electronic device including the transducer
US6307274B1 (en) * 1999-10-14 2001-10-23 Leadtek Research Inc. Power generator for a digital cassette cartridge
EP1099990A1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-16 Asulab S.A. Generator for timepiece
US6570824B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2003-05-27 Asulab S.A. Generator for a timepiece
US6381198B1 (en) 1999-12-07 2002-04-30 Asulab S.A. Clockwork movement fitted with a generator
US6469959B1 (en) 1999-12-07 2002-10-22 Asulab S.A. Generator in particular for a timepiece
EP1109082A1 (en) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-20 Asulab S.A. Generator in particular for timepiece
EP1109083A1 (en) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-20 Asulab S.A. Clock works equipped with a generator
DE102005056941B3 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-08-02 Hahn-Schickard-Gesellschaft für angewandte Forschung e.V. Vibration transducer for vibration amplitudes of pendulum, has pendulum that is suspended at base, starter device that is deviate for connecting starter angular speed at pendulum that has frequency equal to expected vibration frequency

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JPH09211152A (en) 1997-08-15

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