EP1184839A2 - Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung - Google Patents
Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1184839A2 EP1184839A2 EP01117869A EP01117869A EP1184839A2 EP 1184839 A2 EP1184839 A2 EP 1184839A2 EP 01117869 A EP01117869 A EP 01117869A EP 01117869 A EP01117869 A EP 01117869A EP 1184839 A2 EP1184839 A2 EP 1184839A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grapheme
- word
- interface
- partial words
- words
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L13/00—Speech synthesis; Text to speech systems
- G10L13/08—Text analysis or generation of parameters for speech synthesis out of text, e.g. grapheme to phoneme translation, prosody generation or stress or intonation determination
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method, a computer program product, a data carrier and a computer system for grapheme-phoneme conversion of a word that as a whole is not is contained in a pronunciation dictionary.
- Speech processing methods in general are, for example from US 6 029 135, US 5 732 388, DE 19636739 C1 and DE 19719381 C1 known.
- a speech synthesis system that is Font-to-speech or grapheme-phoneme conversion of the crucial words. Error with Sounds, syllable borders and the emphasis on words can be heard directly, can lead to incomprehensibility and at worst Case even distort the meaning of a statement.
- a remedy can be a morphological decomposition in this case create.
- a word that is not found in the dictionary is into its morphological components such as prefixes, stems and Suffixes are broken down and these components are searched for in the lexicon.
- a morphological decomposition is just about long words problematic because of the number of possible The word length increases. It also requires an excellent knowledge of the word formation grammar of a Language.
- words that are not in a pronunciation dictionary can be found using out-of-vocabulary methods (OOV method), e.g. with neural networks, transcribed.
- OOV method out-of-vocabulary methods
- results as the phonetic conversion of whole words with the help of a pronunciation dictionary.
- the word can also be broken down into partial words.
- the partial words can be pronounced with the help of a pronunciation dictionary or an OOV procedure.
- the found Partial transcriptions can be linked together. However, this leads to errors at the separation points between the Part transcriptions.
- the object of the invention is to join together To improve partial transcriptions. This task is accomplished by a method, a computer program product, a data carrier and a computer system according to the independent claims.
- the computer program is called a computer program product understood as a tradable product, in what form whatever, e.g. on paper, on a computer-readable data medium, distributed over a network, etc.
- the transcriptions of the partial words are lined up one after the other, with at least one interface between the transcriptions of the partial words.
- the at least an interface-bounding phoneme of the partial words be determined.
- the Grapheme-phoneme conversion of the graphemes in the context of the respective Interface using a neural network new be calculated.
- a pronunciation lexicon has the advantage of to deliver "correct" transcription. However, it fails when unknown words occur.
- Neural networks can provide a transcription for any character string, but may make significant mistakes.
- the invention combines the security of the lexicon with the flexibility of neural networks.
- the transcription of the partial words can be done in different ways take place, e.g. with an out-of-vocabulary treatment (OOV treatment).
- OOV treatment out-of-vocabulary treatment
- a fairly reliable way is for the word in a database, the phonetic transcriptions of words contains to search for partial words. As Transcription is then made for one found in the database Partial word the phonetic recorded in the database Transcription chosen. For most words or Subwords for useful results.
- the word next to the found subword is at least one has another component that is not in the database can be registered using OOV treatment be transcribed phonetically.
- OOV treatment can be done using a statistical method, e.g. by means of a neural Network, or rule-based.
- the word is advantageously divided into partial words of a certain Minimum length disassembled so that the largest possible partial words are found and there will be little reworking.
- FIG. 1 shows a grapheme-phoneme conversion of a word suitable computer system.
- This assigns a processor (processor, CPU) 20, a working memory (RAM) 21, a program memory (program memory, ROM) 22, a hard disk controller (hard disc controller, HDC) 23, which is a hard drive (hard disk) 30 controls, and an interface controller (I / O controller) 24 on.
- Processor 20, memory 21, program memory 22, hard disk controller 23 and interface controllers 24 are on a bus that CPU bus 25, for exchanging data and commands with one another coupled.
- the computer also has an input / output bus (I / O bus) 26 on the various input and output devices couples with the interface controller 24.
- To the Input and output devices count e.g. a general Input and output interface (I / O interface) 27, a display device (display) 28, a keyboard (keyboard) 29 and a mouse 31.)
- the remaining gaps in the preferred embodiment closed by a neural network.
- the task of filling in the gaps is easier, because at least the left phoneme context is assumed to be safe can be, since it comes from the pronunciation dictionary comes.
- the input of the previous phonemes stabilized thus the output of the neural network for the one to be filled Gap, because the phoneme to be generated not only from the letters, but also depends on the previous phoneme.
- the ending ⁇ -ig> at the end of the syllable is spoken like [IC] in the phonetic spelling SAMPA, so like [I] (untensioned short non-rounded front vowel) followed by the first sound [C] (voiceless palatal fricative).
- the prefix ⁇ er-> is spoken like [Er], with an [E] (untensioned short unrounded semi-open front vowel, open "e") and one [r] (central sonorant).
- Remedy can be created here by using a neural Net calculated the last according to the left transcription. there the question arises, which letters at the end of the left transcription used to determine the last sound should be.
- a special pronunciation dictionary is used for this decision used.
- the special feature of this lexicon is that it contains information about which grapheme group for which Heard out loud. How to create the lexicon is in Horst-Udo Hain: "Automation of the Training Procedures for Neural Networks Performing Multi-Lingual Grapheme to Phoneme Conversion ". Eurospeech 1999, pp. 2087-2090.
- the neural network can now use the existing one right context ⁇ wise> new about phoneme and syllable boundary decide at the end of the word.
- the result in this case is that Phoneme [g] in front of which a syllable limit is set.
- the syllable boundary is in the right place and the ⁇ g> is also transcribed as [g] and not as [C].
- the first according to the right transcription is redetermined using the same scheme.
- the correct transcription for ⁇ er-> from ⁇ weise> at this point is [6] and not [Er].
- Two sounds have to be revised here, which is why in the preferred embodiment two sounds are always revised.
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein zur Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung geeignetes Computersystem; und
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
ü | - | b | er | - | f | l | ü | - | ss | i | g |
y: | - | b | 6 | - | f | l | y | - | s | I | C |
Der erste Laut der rechten Transkription wird nach dem gleichen Schema neu bestimmt. Die richtige Transkription für <er-> von <erweise> ist an dieser Stelle [6] und nicht [Er]. Hier sind gleich zwei Laute zu revidieren, weshalb im bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel stets zwei Laute revidiert werden.
Claims (11)
- Verfahren zur Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung eines Wortes, das als Ganzes nicht in einem Aussprachelexikon enthalten ist, mit folgenden Schritten:a) das Wort wird in Teilwörter zerlegt,b) eine Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung der Teilwörter wird durchgeführt,c) die durch die Konvertierung erhaltenen Transkriptionen der Teilwörter werden hintereinander aufgereiht, wobei sich mindestens eine Schnittstelle zwischen den Transkriptionen der Teilwörter ergibt,d) die an die mindestens eine Schnittstelle grenzenden Phoneme der Teilwörter werden bestimmt,e) es werden diejenigen Grapheme der Teilwörter bestimmt, die die an die mindestens eine Schnittstelle grenzenden Phoneme erzeugen,f) die Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung der bestimmten Grapheme wird im Kontext der jeweiligen Schnittstelle neu berechnet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung der bestimmten Grapheme im Kontext der jeweiligen Schnittstelle mittels eines Neuronalen Netzes neu berechnet werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung der bestimmten Grapheme im Kontext der jeweiligen Schnittstelle mittels eines Lexikons neu berechnet werden. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für das Wort in einer Datenbank, die phonetische Transkriptionen von Wörtern enthält, nach Teilwörtern des Worts gesucht wird; und- dass für ein in der Datenbank gefundenes Teilwort die in der Datenbank verzeichnete phonetische Transkription gewählt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wort neben dem gefundenen Teilwort mindestens einen weiteren Bestandteil aufweist, der nicht in der Datenbank verzeichnet ist; und- dass dieser weitere Bestandteil mittels einer OOV-Behandlung phonetisch transkribiert wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wort in Teilwörter einer gewissen Mindestlänge zerlegt wird. - Computerprogrammprodukt, das durch einen Computer ausführbar ist und dabei die Schritte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 ausführt.
- Computerprogrammprodukt, das auf einem computergeeigneten Medium gespeichert ist und computerlesbare Programmmittel umfaßt, die es einem Computer ermöglichen, das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 auszuführen.
- Datenträger, auf dem ein Computerprogramm gespeichert ist, das es einem Computer ermöglicht, durch einen Ladeprozess das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 auszuführen.
- Computersystem mit Mitteln zum Ausführen des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6.
- Computersystem zur Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung eines Worts, das als Ganzes nicht in einem Aussprachelexikon enthalten ist,einer Speichereinrichtung (22, 30) zum Speichern eines Computerprogramms auf einem Speichermedium;einer Verarbeitungseinheit (20) zum Laden des Computerprogramms aus der Speichereinrichtung und zum Ausführen des Computerprogramms;mit Mitteln zum Zerlegen des Worts in Teilwörter;mit Mitteln zum hintereinander Aufreihen der Transkriptionen der Teilwörter, wobei sich mindestens eine Schnittstelle zwischen den Transkriptionen der Teilwörter ergibt;mit Mitteln zum Bestimmen der an die mindestens eine Schnittstelle grenzenden Phoneme der Teilwörter;mit Mitteln zum Bestimmen derjenigen Grapheme der Teilwörter, die die an die mindestens eine Schnittstelle grenzenden Phoneme erzeugen;mit Mitteln zum erneuten Berechnen der Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung der bestimmten Grapheme im Kontext der jeweiligen Schnittstelle; undmit Mitteln zum anschließenden Schreiben der an der Schnittstelle neu berechneten Phoneme in eine zweite Speichereinrichtung.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10042944A DE10042944C2 (de) | 2000-08-31 | 2000-08-31 | Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung |
DE10042944 | 2000-08-31 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1184839A2 true EP1184839A2 (de) | 2002-03-06 |
EP1184839A3 EP1184839A3 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
EP1184839B1 EP1184839B1 (de) | 2005-09-28 |
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EP01117869A Expired - Lifetime EP1184839B1 (de) | 2000-08-31 | 2001-07-23 | Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung |
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US (1) | US7107216B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1184839B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10042944C2 (de) |
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CN105590623A (zh) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-05-18 | 百度在线网络技术(北京)有限公司 | 基于人工智能的字母音素转换模型生成方法及装置 |
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EP1184839A3 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
US7107216B2 (en) | 2006-09-12 |
DE50107556D1 (de) | 2005-11-03 |
US20020046025A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
DE10042944C2 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
EP1184839B1 (de) | 2005-09-28 |
DE10042944A1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
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