EP2504826A2 - Customized system for vehicle driving assistance - Google Patents

Customized system for vehicle driving assistance

Info

Publication number
EP2504826A2
EP2504826A2 EP10801600A EP10801600A EP2504826A2 EP 2504826 A2 EP2504826 A2 EP 2504826A2 EP 10801600 A EP10801600 A EP 10801600A EP 10801600 A EP10801600 A EP 10801600A EP 2504826 A2 EP2504826 A2 EP 2504826A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
user
disturbance
remote server
vehicle
reliability index
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10801600A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2504826B8 (en
EP2504826B1 (en
Inventor
Fabien Pierlot
Jean-Marc Van Laethem
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Coyote System SAS
Original Assignee
Coyote System SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=42194670&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2504826(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Coyote System SAS filed Critical Coyote System SAS
Priority to PL10801600T priority Critical patent/PL2504826T3/en
Publication of EP2504826A2 publication Critical patent/EP2504826A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2504826B1 publication Critical patent/EP2504826B1/en
Publication of EP2504826B8 publication Critical patent/EP2504826B8/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G06Q50/40
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0108Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
    • G08G1/0112Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0125Traffic data processing
    • G08G1/0129Traffic data processing for creating historical data or processing based on historical data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0125Traffic data processing
    • G08G1/0133Traffic data processing for classifying traffic situation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0137Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
    • G08G1/0141Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for traffic information dissemination
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096716Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information does not generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • G08G1/096741Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where the source of the transmitted information selects which information to transmit to each vehicle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096775Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a central station
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096791Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is another vehicle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0968Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
    • G08G1/0969Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle having a display in the form of a map

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a personalized assistance system for driving a vehicle, and more particularly to the means making it possible to evaluate the risk of the presence of road disturbances in a given zone of presence thereof, and to communicate the content to its driver.
  • GPS satellite positioning receiver
  • Apparatuses are also known capable of detecting the proximity of speed measuring radars and of signaling their presence and proximity to the driver; devices whose the use is currently prohibited by the legislation in force.
  • these on-board navigation systems must therefore satisfy two apparently contradictory conditions, namely, on the one hand, to allow the driver to communicate in an easy and detailed manner with the system, and, on the other hand, to present an interface particularly simplified user to minimize the level of attention and manipulations required by it.
  • the present invention aims to overcome this disadvantage by providing a personalized assistance system for driving a vehicle that integrates a driver information function on the reliability of the information communicated to him.
  • the subject of the present invention is thus a system for signaling a level of risk of presence of a road disturbance in a given presence zone of a vehicle, of the type comprising:
  • an onboard device comprising:
  • signaling means adapted to allow the user of the vehicle to send to the server, via remote communication means, the location coordinates of a disturbance encountered
  • management means in particular of the processor type,
  • a remote server including °.
  • management means in particular of the processor type, the on-board device and the remote server comprising bidirectional remote communication means, characterized in that:
  • the on-board device comprises means for interrogating the user of the vehicle on the presence of a disturbance
  • the onboard device comprises means capable of allowing the user to answer this interrogation
  • the on-board device comprises means (21) suitable for communicate to the remote server the content of the response, or the non-response of the user,
  • the remote server comprises means for analyzing this response or this nonresponse capable of generating a parameter of reliability index of the user
  • the onboard device comprises means capable of communicating to the user of the vehicle, in particular in visual and / or sound form, information in relation with a reliability index parameter of the user or users who are "on" this disturbance in a given time.
  • the remote server will comprise means for storing the reliability indices of the users and the onboard device will comprise means capable of activating the interrogation on the presence of the disturbance as soon as the vehicle passes "on" the latter.
  • the interrogation means and the response means may be of any type and in particular of the vocal or visual type.
  • the remote server may comprise means capable of transmitting to the onboard device the reliability index parameter of the user having signaled or confirmed a disturbance, and / or the average reliability index parameter of several users having signaled or confirmed a same disturbance.
  • the remote server will comprise calculation means able to determine, from the reliability index of a user, or from the average reliability index of several users having signaled or confirmed the same perturbation, information as to whether the reliability of the presence information of a disturbance.
  • the remote server will comprise a database containing the location of potential disturbances, which exist statistically in the same given road zone, as well as the probability of presence in this location of these and, possibly, at a given date and / or time, as well as measuring the time of use of it by a user over a period of time, including a day.
  • the remote server will include a database able to record all the disturbances reported by its users during said period. It will also include calculation means able to modulate the probability of presence of a disturbance by the number of users or the reliability index of the latter who are "on" this disturbance in a period of time elapsed, by example half an hour.
  • the remote server will comprise means capable of generating information characteristic of the synthesis of the different parameters able to influence the probability of presence of a disturbance and optionally means adapted to transform this presence probability information in the form of at least one signal.
  • the onboard device will comprise meanwhile means for displaying said signal on a screen.
  • the signal will consist of a sign or a set of signs whose color will be a function of the level of the probability of presence of the disturbance. In order to easily attract the attention of the user of the vehicle said color may occupy more than half of the surface of the display screen.
  • the remote server will comprise means capable of determining the repetitive nature of disturbances. reported and calculate for a place and a given moment the probability of presence of these disturbances called “potential" and will eventually include means to modulate them, including taking into account the number of vehicles that have passed a potential disruption without the report and the reliability index of the users concerned.
  • the remote server will include means capable of counting the number of these vehicles.
  • the reliability index of the users may consist of an arithmetic mean of the reliability indices of the users concerned.
  • the reliability index of a user may be a function of a parameter proportional to the time of use of the system by the user and / or a parameter proportional to his participation rate and / or his confirmation, for a given period of time
  • Another subject of the present invention is a device embedded in a vehicle, intended to communicate with a remote server and comprising means for locating the vehicle, means of communication with the remote server, and means capable of transmitting to the user the conveys information from the remote server relating to the presence of road disturbances, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the on-board device will advantageously comprise means capable of activating the interrogation of the presence of a disturbance as soon as the vehicle passes "on" the latter.
  • These interrogation means and the response means may be of the voice type and / or of the visual type.
  • It may include means capable of informing the user of the vehicle visually and / or sound of the probability of presence of a disturbance.
  • the information may be delivered to the user on display means in the form of a sign or a set of signs whose color may be a function of the level of the probability of presence of the disturbance.
  • These display means may consist of a screen (and said color may occupy more than half of the surface thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the constitution of a system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic drawing showing traffic lanes comprising disturbances on which are represented vehicles managed by a system according to the invention
  • FIGS. 3 to 8 are algorithms showing the different stages of the implementation of the system according to the invention.
  • the system according to the invention which is represented by schematically in Figure 1 essentially comprises a remote server 1 and an onboard device 3 on a vehicle.
  • the server 1 comprises two sets of databases, namely a set called “statistical” and a set called “real time”.
  • the set of statistical type comprises on the one hand a database 5, called “base Disturbations” in which have been stored the coordinates of the various disturbances existing on the road network which are of permanent or quasi-permanent type, such as by eg traffic jams, fixed speed cameras or areas under construction or areas where accidents have recently occurred
  • the present invention proposes to take into account the degree of relevance of the information reported to the system by the users, and this in order to avoid that it takes into consideration whimsical information, that the latter are so voluntary or involuntary, the database 7, which is updated periodically in delayed processing and in particular once a day, and particularly at night, contains an index I_F representative of the reliability of the information returned by each user.
  • This reliability index IF is established by a processor throughout the use of the system, depending on the behavior of the user especially when the latter is in the presence of a disturbance, as described below.
  • It also includes a database 8 known as "Geographical base” which makes it possible to locate the vehicles on the road axes as well as the various disturbances, from their coordinates in latitude L and in longitude
  • the set of type in real time comprises two databases, namely a database 9 called “base locating vehicles” in which is kept updated the location of all vehicles implementing the system according to the invention , and a database 11 called “base disturbances reported” in which is stored in real time the location of the disturbances detected by users and reported by the latter to the server 1 by means of remote communication as explained below .
  • the statistical and real-time bases are managed by a processor 13 which is associated with filtering means 14 of the information received from the various onboard installations 3 on the vehicles implementing the system according to the invention.
  • the base 9 “Location of vehicles” maintains in real time the location, that is to say the latitude and longitude of each of the vehicles implementing the system and their positioning on the traffic lanes after the processor 13 consulted the database "Geography”. These data as well as the path taken by the vehicle in a given road segment S and in a last determined period of time T are periodically addressed by the on-board installation 3 to the remote server 1. This time period T may for example be the order of half an hour. '
  • This database is associated with processor calculation means 13 which determine the track A on which each vehicle moves, the segment S of this track on which the vehicle is located during said period of time. time T, the identity ⁇ _ of the on-board device of the vehicle, and the time H of passage of the vehicle V in the track segment S. It will be noted that, according to the invention, a segment 15 of track consists of a section taken on the same track for example between two different speed limits.
  • the processor 13 is thus able to determine how many vehicles n and which vehicles Vi, V 2 , ... V n have passed through a location belonging to the segment S determined during said last period of time T and in which direction D these vehicles are gone.
  • the second real-time database 11 known as the "Disturbances reported" database comprises means capable of storing the disturbances ⁇ , P 2 ,... P n which are signaled by the users and classifying them in several categories, provided that in the course of time a disturbance has the possibility of evolving from one category to another.
  • the processor 13 is thus able to manage two main categories of disturbances, namely real-type disturbances and potential-type disturbances. It thus appeals to the following categories:
  • the database "base disturbances reported" is associated with processor calculation means 13 whose function is to manage the backup of the data returned in real time by the users.
  • each of the on-board devices 3 essentially consists of a processor 15 whose role is to manage positioning means, in particular constituted by a GPS receiver 19, a RAM memory 17, and communication means.
  • remote including a GPRS modem, which allow the dialogue with the remote server 1.
  • the onboard device 3 also comprises addressing means consisting in particular of a series of buttons 24 which can be grouped together to form a keyboard 23a, by means of which the user of a vehicle sends information and instructions to the server remote 1 via a modem 21 and a GPRS network 4.
  • addressing means can also be of voice type and consist of a microphone 23b.
  • the embedded device 3 also comprises means allowing the user to receive information from the remote server 1. This information is managed by the user.
  • processor 15 can be delivered visually on a display 25a and / or audibly by means of a loudspeaker 25b.
  • the GPS receiver 19 of each of the on-board systems determines in real time the location of the vehicle on which it is installed, ie the position, the heading and the speed thereof and regularly transmits, for example every minute, this information to the remote server 1 by the GPRS modem 21.
  • the remote server 1 On reception, as shown on the algorithm of FIG. 4, the remote server 1 identifies the road lane A on which the vehicle V is located, by comparison between the location made by the onboard system and the information contained in the database. data 8 "Geographical base" and defines the segment of track S on which the vehicle is located. The remote server 1 also determines the direction D of the path made by the vehicle V on the segment S.
  • the remote server 1 searches, on the localized road A as well as on the channels A 1 , A 2 ,... A n in relation thereto, (namely the channels A 1 and A 2 in FIG. disturbances Pi, P 2 ,... P n likely to exist in a determined monitoring radius R, for example of the order of 20 km around the position of the vehicle V (namely the disturbances Pi and P 2 on the FIG. 2, ⁇ for example being a new speed limitation and P 2 being, for example, a fog bank). It then transmits to the vehicle V, via its communication means 20 and the GPRS modem 21 of the latter, through the mobile telephone network, information and in particular:
  • the reliability index IF of the users of the system who have previously passed these disturbances within the defined time period T, in particular of the order of 30 minutes (namely in the present case the vehicles Vi, V 2 , V * 3, V 4 ) and the number of these,
  • the on-board device 3 of the vehicle V On reception, as shown in FIG. 5, the on-board device 3 of the vehicle V stores all this information in its RAM memory 17 so that it can be used later by its processor 15 when the vehicle V is at a warning distance r of a disturbance.
  • the processor makes a distinction with regard to the management of real-type disturbances and the management of potential-type disturbances as defined above.
  • the processor 15 controls its information means, such as the screen 25a. and / or the speaker 25b, to provide the following information:
  • the processor 15 Once the GPS receiver 19 of the on-board device 3 locates the position of the vehicle V on which it is installed after the position of the perturbation concerned, the processor 15 generates a message on the display screen 25b of the type "DISTURBANCE ALWAYS PRESENT ? And offers the user a choice YES / NO for a predefined period, in particular of the order of 15 seconds.
  • the processor 15 returns the response, or the no answer, to the remote server 1 where it will be used later, in delayed processing, by the processor 13 to update the reliability index which is assigned to each user of the following system. invention and which is stored in the database "user base” 7 and which evolves during the time of use and this according to the behavior of this user vis-à-vis the system.
  • the processor 13 On reception, as shown on the algorithm of FIG. 6, the processor 13 first stores in the database 11 "base disturbances signaled" the response received from the user, or the nonresponse thereof. ci, then it consults the database 7 "base Users” to extract the IF reliability index of the user associated with the vehicle If it has a reliability index IF greater than a threshold index Ig, it takes counts the information sent by the user, so that if it has reversed the presence of the disturbance, the processor disables the latter in the base 11 "base Disturbances reported" and a new vehicle on the same segment of track S will no longer be signified this disturbance. If on the other hand the user of the vehicle V confirms the disturbance it is left as active.
  • the processor puts the information on hold until a new user comes to confirm the information of the user. first. If this new user confirms the information of the first and if the sum of their respective reliability indices exceeds the reliability threshold Is, then the information is confirmed and the disturbance is declared as not active.
  • the processor 13 If the user does not answer the question, it means that he does not wish to participate fully in the system and this non-response is taken into account by the processor 13 and stored in the database 11 so that, when periodic deferred processing of the various information sent to the remote server during a period of time, for example a day, it can be taken into account by the processor to reduce the IF confidence index of the user concerned.
  • a so-called potential disturbance is a disturbance which has been found several times at a certain place on a certain date and at a certain time. There is therefore a probability P that a user who is in this place at the same time also meets her.
  • the processor of the device according to the invention has specific calculation means 14 which are intended to modulate this probability according to a share of the number of users n g who adhere to the present system and who are "on" the disturbance in the recent past, of the order for example of the last half hour, and who have not reported it, and secondly the IF reliability index of these users.
  • the calculation means 14 establish an arithmetic mean I Fm of the various reliability indices I_F of the users concerned and we have:
  • the processor considers that the real probability Pr of meeting a potential perturbation is equal to the probability of presence P of the latter divided by the number of users n p that are "on" the disturbance in the recent past without reporting it divided by the average reliability index of these users.
  • a represents an adjustment coefficient whose value will be determined by the experiment, in particular by an iterative method.
  • the processor 15 of the on-board device 3 detects by consulting its RAM memory 17 that a potential perturbation exists within the alert distance r in front of the vehicle V, it then calculates the average reliability index IF m and then calculates the real probability Pr as explained previously. Finally, the processor displays on the screen 25a and / or by means of the loudspeaker 25b the following information:
  • the real-time data come from the users who, during their journeys, signal the disturbances they are to encounter.
  • a user when a user encounters a disturbance, he then actuates a button 24 belonging to the signaling means, which has the effect of sending a signal via the GPRS modem 21 to the signaling means.
  • remote server 1 This signal comprises several components, namely a component specific to the disturbance, a component specific to its location and an identification component that allows the processor 13 to know which user the information comes from.
  • the processor 13 first stores this information in the base 11 "signaled disturbance database", then consults the database 7 "User base” in order to know the reliability index _IF associated with the user who issued the signal.
  • the processor 13 takes into account the disturbance information that has been transmitted to it and stores it in memory in the database 11 "base Perturbations reported" where it is classified in the category of "active" disturbances, so that this information will be communicated to any user of a vehicle entering the surveillance radius R of track A where it was found.
  • the processor 13 classifies the information in the database 11 "base Perturbations reported" in the category "en confirmation wait ", and waits for confirmation from another user to see if the pending reliability indices have a sufficient level to place the information in the" active "category.
  • the user has the possibility of setting the conditions according to which he wishes to be alerted of potential type disturbances.
  • the updating of the reliability indices of the users of the system will preferably be carried out periodically in deferred time, preferably once a day and especially at night.
  • the algorithm of FIG. 8 shows the various operations that are carried out in deferred time by the remote server and more specifically by its processor 13.
  • the processor extracts from the database 11 "Disturbances reported database” the data that was stored during the last period of reference time, in particular the last month, then proceeds to a sort of these by user . Then, for each of these, the processor updates the time of use of the system and stores it in the database 7 "User base”. Then, if the user has reported existing disturbances and / or has encountered disturbances, the processor updates in the database 7 "User base", the user participation rate and its confirmation rate of disturbances that he has encountered.
  • the processor thus proceeds for each of the users having used the system according to the invention in the period of time of the month.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for signaling a risk level in the presence of a road obstruction. Said method is characterized in that: the on-board device (3) comprises a means (25a, 25b) whereby the vehicle user inquires about the presence of an obstruction; the on-board device (3) comprises a means (23a, 23b) capable of enabling the user to respond to said inquiry; the on-board device (3) comprises a means capable of communicating, to the remote server (1), the content of the response or non-response of the user; the remote server (1) comprises a means (13, 14) for analyzing said response or non-response and is capable of generating a reliability index parameter (IF) for the user; and the on-board device (3) comprises a means capable of communicating to the vehicle user, in particular in visual form (25a) and/or audio form (25b), information related to a reliability index parameter (IF) for the user(s) that have passed "over" said obstruction within a given time (t).

Description

La présente invention concerne un système d'aide personnalisée à la conduite d'un véhicule, et plus particulièrement des moyens permettant d'évaluer le risque de présence de perturbations routières dans une zone de présence déterminée de celui-ci, et à en communiquer la teneur à son conducteur.  The present invention relates to a personalized assistance system for driving a vehicle, and more particularly to the means making it possible to evaluate the risk of the presence of road disturbances in a given zone of presence thereof, and to communicate the content to its driver.
On connaît de nombreux appareils dont la vocation est d'assurer le guidage en temps réel des véhicules ainsi que la communication à leur conducteur d'un certain nombre d'événements susceptibles d'avoir une influence sur les conditions de navigation, tels que la localisation de perturbations, notamment les embouteillages, les travaux, la présence de radars, le brouillard, les plaques de verglas etc  Many devices are known whose vocation is to ensure the real-time guidance of vehicles and the communication to their driver of a number of events that may have an influence on navigation conditions, such as localization. disturbances, including traffic jams, work, the presence of radars, fog, ice sheets, etc.
La plupart des véhicules sont ainsi équipés d'ordinateurs de bord à l'aide desquels l'utilisateur est en mesure de connaître les paramètres de configuration de son véhicule et d' intervenir éventuellement sur certains de ceux-ci afin de les mettre en conformité avec la navigation qu'il souhaite effectuer.  Most vehicles are thus equipped with on-board computers by which the user is able to know the configuration parameters of his vehicle and possibly intervene on some of them in order to bring them into compliance with the navigation he wants to perform.
Ces véhicules sont par ailleurs équipés d'un récepteur de localisation par satellites (GPS) qui est assorti d'un système de navigation fournissant au conducteur toutes les indications qui lui sont nécessaires pour effectuer un trajet déterminé à partir d'un point de départ vers un point de destination, certains de ces systèmes de navigation étant même équipés de moyens récepteurs annexes en mesure de recevoir les informations sur le trafic et de les retransmettre, éventuellement commentées, à l'utilisateur.  These vehicles are also equipped with a satellite positioning receiver (GPS) which is equipped with a navigation system providing the driver with all the information he needs to make a determined journey from a starting point to a destination point, some of these navigation systems being even equipped with additional receiver means able to receive the traffic information and retransmit, possibly commented, to the user.
On connaît également des appareils aptes à détecter la proximité de radars de mesure de vitesse et à en signaler la présence et la proximité au conducteur ; appareils dont l'utilisation est actuellement prohibée par la législation en vigueur. Apparatuses are also known capable of detecting the proximity of speed measuring radars and of signaling their presence and proximity to the driver; devices whose the use is currently prohibited by the legislation in force.
On comprend que pour assurer de telles fonctions ces divers appareils doivent être pourvus d'une interface interactive permettant au conducteur de dialoguer et d'échanger des informations avec son appareil. Or ce type d'interaction nécessite l'attention du conducteur, ce qui présente un risque au niveau de la sécurité lorsque ces interventions sont faites au cours du déplacement du véhicule, dans la mesure où elles amènent celui-ci à détourner son attention de la conduite. C'est pourquoi les réglementations européennes en matière de conception de systèmes embarqués sur des véhicules, imposent aux concepteurs de tels systèmes que ces derniers ne requièrent pas d' interactions longues qui ne soient susceptibles d'être interrompues, et que certaines fonctions d'acquisition de données soient désactivées lorsque le véhicule est en cours de déplacement.  It is understood that to provide such functions these various devices must be provided with an interactive interface allowing the driver to dialogue and exchange information with his device. However, this type of interaction requires the attention of the driver, which presents a risk to safety when these interventions are made during the movement of the vehicle, to the extent that it causes it to divert his attention from the conduct. This is why European regulations on the design of embedded systems on vehicles, require designers of such systems that they do not require long interactions that are likely to be interrupted, and that certain acquisition functions data are disabled when the vehicle is traveling.
De façon synthétique, ces systèmes de navigation embarqués doivent donc satisfaire à deux conditions apparemment contradictoires, à savoir, d'une part, permettre au conducteur de dialoguer de façon aisée et détaillée avec le système, et, d'autre part, présenter une interface utilisateur particulièrement simplifiée afin de réduire au maximum le niveau d'attention et les manipulations requises par celui-ci.  In a synthetic way, these on-board navigation systems must therefore satisfy two apparently contradictory conditions, namely, on the one hand, to allow the driver to communicate in an easy and detailed manner with the system, and, on the other hand, to present an interface particularly simplified user to minimize the level of attention and manipulations required by it.
Dans le brevet FR 2 896 462, la demanderesse a proposé un système d'aide à la conduite qui est en mesure de concilier ces deux exigences.  In patent FR 2 896 462, the applicant has proposed a driver assistance system that is able to reconcile these two requirements.
Cependant, dans aucun des différents systèmes d'aide à la conduite existant, il n'est fourni à l'utilisateur une indication lui permettant de prendre en compte la pertinence des informations qui lui sont communiquées ainsi que la probabilité de rencontrer une perturbation déterminée. Or il s'agit là pour lui d'une information essentielle pour la sécurité de sa conduite. However, in any of the various existing driver assistance systems, the user is not given an indication to take into account the relevance of the information communicated to him and the probability of encountering a disturbance. determined. But this is for him essential information for the safety of his conduct.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient en proposant un système d'aide personnalisé à la conduite d'un véhicule qui intègre une fonction d'information du conducteur sur la fiabilité des informations qui lui sont communiquées.  The present invention aims to overcome this disadvantage by providing a personalized assistance system for driving a vehicle that integrates a driver information function on the reliability of the information communicated to him.
La présente invention a ainsi pour objet un système de signalisation d'un niveau de risque de présence d'une perturbation routière dans une zone de présence déterminée d'un véhicule, du type comportant:  The subject of the present invention is thus a system for signaling a level of risk of presence of a road disturbance in a given presence zone of a vehicle, of the type comprising:
- un dispositif embarqué comprenant :  an onboard device comprising:
. des moyens de localisation du véhicule, notamment de type GPS,  . means for locating the vehicle, in particular of the GPS type,
des moyens de signalisation aptes à permettre à l'utilisateur du véhicule d'envoyer au serveur, via des moyens de communication à distance, les coordonnées de localisation d'une perturbation rencontrée,  signaling means adapted to allow the user of the vehicle to send to the server, via remote communication means, the location coordinates of a disturbance encountered,
. des moyens de gestion, notamment de type processeur, . management means, in particular of the processor type,
- un serveur distant comprenant °. a remote server including °.
des moyens aptes à assurer la localisation d'une perturbation signalée par le dispositif embarqué à partir des informations communiquées par celui-ci,  means capable of ensuring the location of a disturbance signaled by the onboard device from the information communicated by the latter,
. des moyens de gestion, notamment de type processeur, le dispositif embarqué et le serveur distant comportant des moyens de communication à distance bidirectionnels, caractérisé en ce que :  . management means, in particular of the processor type, the on-board device and the remote server comprising bidirectional remote communication means, characterized in that:
le dispositif embarqué comporte des moyens d'interrogation de l'utilisateur du véhicule sur la présence d'une perturbation,  the on-board device comprises means for interrogating the user of the vehicle on the presence of a disturbance,
le dispositif embarqué comporte des moyens aptes à permettre à l'utilisateur de répondre à cette interrogation,  the onboard device comprises means capable of allowing the user to answer this interrogation,
- le dispositif embarqué comporte des moyens (21) aptes à communiquer au serveur distant le contenu de la réponse, ou la non réponse de l'utilisateur, the on-board device comprises means (21) suitable for communicate to the remote server the content of the response, or the non-response of the user,
- le serveur distant comporte des moyens d' analyse de cette réponse ou de cette non réponse aptes à générer un paramètre d'indice de fiabilité de l'utilisateur,  the remote server comprises means for analyzing this response or this nonresponse capable of generating a parameter of reliability index of the user,
le dispositif embarqué comporte des moyens aptes à communiquer à l'utilisateur du véhicule, notamment sous forme visuelle et/ou sonore, une information en relation avec un paramètre d'indice de fiabilité du ou des utilisateurs qui sont passés « sur » cette perturbation dans un délai donné .  the onboard device comprises means capable of communicating to the user of the vehicle, in particular in visual and / or sound form, information in relation with a reliability index parameter of the user or users who are "on" this disturbance in a given time.
Préférentiellement le serveur distant comportera des moyens de stockage des indices de fiabilité des utilisateurs et le dispositif embarqué comportera des moyens aptes à activer l'interrogation sur la présence de la perturbation sitôt après le passage du véhicule « sur » cette dernière„  Preferably, the remote server will comprise means for storing the reliability indices of the users and the onboard device will comprise means capable of activating the interrogation on the presence of the disturbance as soon as the vehicle passes "on" the latter.
Par ailleurs les moyens d' interrogation et les moyens de réponse pourront être de tout type et notamment de type vocal ou visuel »  Moreover, the interrogation means and the response means may be of any type and in particular of the vocal or visual type.
Le serveur distant pourra comporter des moyens aptes à transmettre au dispositif embarqué le paramètre d' indice de fiabilité de l'utilisateur ayant signalé ou confirmé une perturbation, et/ou le paramètre d' indice de fiabilité moyen de plusieurs utilisateurs ayant signalé ou confirmé une même perturbation.  The remote server may comprise means capable of transmitting to the onboard device the reliability index parameter of the user having signaled or confirmed a disturbance, and / or the average reliability index parameter of several users having signaled or confirmed a same disturbance.
Avantageusement le serveur distant comportera des moyens de calcul aptes à déterminer, à partir de l'indice de fiabilité d'un utilisateur, ou à partir de l'indice de fiabilité moyen de plusieurs utilisateurs ayant signalé ou confirmé une même perturbation, une information quant à la fiabilité de l'information de présence d'une perturbation.  Advantageously, the remote server will comprise calculation means able to determine, from the reliability index of a user, or from the average reliability index of several users having signaled or confirmed the same perturbation, information as to whether the reliability of the presence information of a disturbance.
Suivant l'invention le serveur distant comportera une base de données renfermant la localisation de perturbations, dites potentielles, qui existent de façon statistique en une même zone routière déterminée, ainsi que la probabilité de présence en cette localisation de celles- ci ainsi que, éventuellement, à une date et/ou à un instant déterminé ainsi que des moyens de mesure du temps d'utilisation de celui-ci par un utilisateur sur une période de temps déterminée, et notamment une journée. According to the invention, the remote server will comprise a database containing the location of potential disturbances, which exist statistically in the same given road zone, as well as the probability of presence in this location of these and, possibly, at a given date and / or time, as well as measuring the time of use of it by a user over a period of time, including a day.
Afin de permettre un traitement différé des perturbations signalées le serveur distant comportera une base de données apte à enregistrer toutes les perturbations signalées par ses utilisateurs pendant ladite période. Il comportera par ailleurs des moyens de calcul aptes à moduler la probabilité de présence d'une perturbation par le nombre des utilisateurs ou par l'indice de fiabilité de ces derniers qui sont passés « sur » cette perturbation dans une période de temps écoulé, par exemple une demi- heure .  In order to allow a deferred processing of the disturbances reported the remote server will include a database able to record all the disturbances reported by its users during said period. It will also include calculation means able to modulate the probability of presence of a disturbance by the number of users or the reliability index of the latter who are "on" this disturbance in a period of time elapsed, by example half an hour.
Afin d'améliorer la lisibilité de l'information communiquée à l'utilisateur du véhicule le serveur distant comportera des moyens aptes à générer une information caractéristique de la synthèse des différents paramètres en mesure d'influer sur la probabilité de présence d'une perturbation et éventuellement des moyens aptes à transformer cette information de probabilité de présence sous forme d'au moins un signal. Le dispositif embarqué comportera quant à lui des moyens d'affichage dudit signal sur un écran. Avantageusement le signal sera constitué d'un signe ou d'un ensemble de signes dont la couleur sera fonction du niveau de la probabilité de présence de la perturbation. Afin d'attirer facilement l'attention de l'utilisateur du véhicule ladite couleur pourra occuper plus de la moitié de la surface de l'écran d'affichage.  In order to improve the legibility of the information communicated to the user of the vehicle, the remote server will comprise means capable of generating information characteristic of the synthesis of the different parameters able to influence the probability of presence of a disturbance and optionally means adapted to transform this presence probability information in the form of at least one signal. The onboard device will comprise meanwhile means for displaying said signal on a screen. Advantageously, the signal will consist of a sign or a set of signs whose color will be a function of the level of the probability of presence of the disturbance. In order to easily attract the attention of the user of the vehicle said color may occupy more than half of the surface of the display screen.
Par ailleurs le serveur distant comprendra des moyens aptes à déterminer le caractère répétitif de perturbations signalées et à calculer pour un lieu et un instant donné la probabilité de présence de ces perturbations dites « potentielles » et comprendra éventuellement des moyens permettant de les moduler, notamment en prenant en compte le nombre de véhicules qui sont passés sur une perturbation potentielle sans la signaler et l'indice de fiabilité des utilisateurs concernés. A cet effet le serveur distant comportera des moyens aptes à compter le nombre de ces véhicules . In addition, the remote server will comprise means capable of determining the repetitive nature of disturbances. reported and calculate for a place and a given moment the probability of presence of these disturbances called "potential" and will eventually include means to modulate them, including taking into account the number of vehicles that have passed a potential disruption without the report and the reliability index of the users concerned. For this purpose the remote server will include means capable of counting the number of these vehicles.
Suivant l'invention l'indice de fiabilité des utilisateurs pourra être constitué d'une moyenne arithmétique des indices de fiabilité des utilisateurs concernés.  According to the invention, the reliability index of the users may consist of an arithmetic mean of the reliability indices of the users concerned.
Par ailleurs l'indice de fiabilité d'un utilisateur pourra être fonction d'un paramètre proportionnel au temps d'utilisation du système par celui-ci et/ou d'un paramètre proportionnel à son taux de participation et/ou à son taux de confirmation, pendant une période de temps donné»  Moreover, the reliability index of a user may be a function of a parameter proportional to the time of use of the system by the user and / or a parameter proportional to his participation rate and / or his confirmation, for a given period of time
La présente invention a également pour objet un dispositif embarqué dans un véhicule, destiné à communiquer avec un serveur distant et comportant des moyens de localisation du véhicule, des moyens de communication avec le serveur distant, et des moyens aptes à transmettre à l'utilisateur du véhicule des informations en provenance du serveur distant relatives à la présence de perturbations routières, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :  Another subject of the present invention is a device embedded in a vehicle, intended to communicate with a remote server and comprising means for locating the vehicle, means of communication with the remote server, and means capable of transmitting to the user the conveys information from the remote server relating to the presence of road disturbances, characterized in that it comprises:
- des moyens d'interrogation de l'utilisateur du véhicule sur la présence d'une perturbation,  means for interrogating the user of the vehicle on the presence of a disturbance,
- des moyens de réponse à cette interrogation,  means for responding to this interrogation,
- des moyens aptes à communiquer au serveur distant des signaux représentatifs du contenu de la réponse ou de la non réponse de l'utilisateur,  means capable of communicating to the remote server signals representative of the content of the response or the non-response of the user,
des moyens aptes à fournir à l'utilisateur du véhicule des informations en provenance du serveur distant en relation avec un indice de fiabilité d'un utilisateur ayant signalé ou confirmé la présence d'une perturbation et/ou un indice de fiabilité moyen de plusieurs utilisateurs ayant signalé ou confirmé la présence d'une même perturbation. means capable of providing the user of the vehicle with information from the remote server in Relation to a reliability index of a user who reported or confirmed the presence of a disturbance and / or an average reliability index of several users who reported or confirmed the presence of the same disturbance.
Le dispositif embarqué comportera avantageusement des moyens aptes à activer l'interrogation de la présence d'une perturbation sitôt après le passage du véhicule « sur » cette dernière. Ces moyens d'interrogation ainsi que les moyens de réponse pourront être de type vocal et/ou de type visuel .  The on-board device will advantageously comprise means capable of activating the interrogation of the presence of a disturbance as soon as the vehicle passes "on" the latter. These interrogation means and the response means may be of the voice type and / or of the visual type.
Par ailleurs il pourra comporter des moyens aptes à informer l'utilisateur du véhicule de façon visuelle et/ou sonore de la probabilité de présence d'une perturbation.  Furthermore it may include means capable of informing the user of the vehicle visually and / or sound of the probability of presence of a disturbance.
Préférentiellement l'information pourra être délivrée à l'utilisateur sur des moyens d'affichage sous la forme d'un signe ou d'un ensemble de signes dont la couleur pourra être fonction du niveau de la probabilité de présence de la perturbation. Ces moyens d'affichage pourront être constitués d'un écran (et ladite couleur pourra occuper plus de la moitié de la surface de celui-ci.  Preferably the information may be delivered to the user on display means in the form of a sign or a set of signs whose color may be a function of the level of the probability of presence of the disturbance. These display means may consist of a screen (and said color may occupy more than half of the surface thereof.
On décrira ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de la présente invention, en référence au dessin annexé sur lequel :  An embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
la figure 1 est une vue schématique montrant la constitution d'un système suivant l'invention,  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the constitution of a system according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est un dessin schématique montrant des voies de circulation comportant des perturbations sur lesquelles sont représentés des véhicules gérés par un système suivant l'invention,  FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic drawing showing traffic lanes comprising disturbances on which are represented vehicles managed by a system according to the invention,
- les figures 3 à 8 sont des algorithmes figurant les différentes étapes de la mise en oeuvre du système suivant 1 ' invention .  FIGS. 3 to 8 are algorithms showing the different stages of the implementation of the system according to the invention.
Le système suivant l'invention qui est représenté de façon schématique sur la figure 1 comprend essentiellement un serveur distant 1 et un dispositif embarqué 3 sur un véhicule. The system according to the invention which is represented by schematically in Figure 1 essentially comprises a remote server 1 and an onboard device 3 on a vehicle.
Le serveur 1 comporte deux ensembles de bases de données, à savoir un ensemble dit « statistique » et un ensemble dit « en temps réel ».  The server 1 comprises two sets of databases, namely a set called "statistical" and a set called "real time".
L'ensemble de type statistique comprend d'une part une base de données 5, dite « base Perturbations » dans laquelle ont été stockées les coordonnées des diverses perturbations existant sur le réseau routier qui sont de type permanent ou quasi-permanent, telles que par exemple les bouchons, les radars fixes ou les zones en travaux ou les zones dans lesquelles des accidents se sont produits récemment  The set of statistical type comprises on the one hand a database 5, called "base Disturbations" in which have been stored the coordinates of the various disturbances existing on the road network which are of permanent or quasi-permanent type, such as by eg traffic jams, fixed speed cameras or areas under construction or areas where accidents have recently occurred
Elle comprend d'autre part une base de données 7, dite « base Utilisateurs » qui renferme des données de type statistique sur les utilisateurs de véhicules équipés d'un système suivant l'invention. Par ailleurs, la présente invention se proposant de prendre en compte le degré de pertinence des informations signalées au système par les utilisateurs, et ceci afin d'éviter que celui-ci ne prenne en considération des informations fantaisistes, que ces dernières le soient de façon volontaire ou involontaire, la base de données 7, qui est mise à jour périodiquement en traitement différé et notamment une fois par jour, et particulièrement la nuit, renferme un indice I_F représentatif de la fiabilité des informations renvoyées par chacun des utilisateurs. Cet indice de fiabilité IF est établi par un processeur tout au long de l'utilisation du système, en fonction du comportement de l'utilisateur notamment lorsque ce dernier se trouve en présence d'une perturbation, ainsi que décrit ci-après.  It further comprises a database 7, called "User base" which contains statistical type data on users of vehicles equipped with a system according to the invention. Furthermore, the present invention proposes to take into account the degree of relevance of the information reported to the system by the users, and this in order to avoid that it takes into consideration whimsical information, that the latter are so voluntary or involuntary, the database 7, which is updated periodically in delayed processing and in particular once a day, and particularly at night, contains an index I_F representative of the reliability of the information returned by each user. This reliability index IF is established by a processor throughout the use of the system, depending on the behavior of the user especially when the latter is in the presence of a disturbance, as described below.
Elle comprend également une base de données 8 dite « base Géographique » qui permet de localiser les véhicules sur les axes routiers ainsi que les diverses perturbations, à partir de leurs coordonnées en latitude L et en longitude It also includes a database 8 known as "Geographical base" which makes it possible to locate the vehicles on the road axes as well as the various disturbances, from their coordinates in latitude L and in longitude
L'ensemble de type en temps réel comprend deux bases de données, à savoir une base de données 9 dite « base Localisation véhicules » dans laquelle est maintenue à jour la localisation de l'ensemble des véhicules mettant en oeuvre le système suivant l' invention, et une base de données 11 dite « base Perturbations signalées » dans laquelle est stockée en temps réel la localisation des perturbations détectées par les utilisateurs et signalées par ces derniers au serveur 1 par des moyens de communication à distance ainsi qu'expliqué ci-après. The set of type in real time comprises two databases, namely a database 9 called "base locating vehicles" in which is kept updated the location of all vehicles implementing the system according to the invention , and a database 11 called "base disturbances reported" in which is stored in real time the location of the disturbances detected by users and reported by the latter to the server 1 by means of remote communication as explained below .
Les bases statistique et en temps réel sont gérées par un processeur 13 auquel sont associés des moyens de filtrage 14 des informations qui sont reçues des diverses installations embarquées 3 sur les véhicules mettant en oeuvre le système suivant l'invention.  The statistical and real-time bases are managed by a processor 13 which is associated with filtering means 14 of the information received from the various onboard installations 3 on the vehicles implementing the system according to the invention.
La base 9 « Localisation véhicules » maintient à jour en temps réel la localisation, c'est-à-dire la latitude et la longitude de chacun des véhicules mettant en oeuvre le système ainsi que leur positionnement sur les voies de circulation après que le processeur 13 ait consulté la base de données 8 « Géographie ». Ces données ainsi que le trajet effectué par le véhicule dans un segment routier S donné et dans une dernière période de temps écoulé déterminée T sont périodiquement adressées par l'installation embarquée 3 au serveur distant 1. Cette période de temps T peut par exemple être de l'ordre d'une demi-heure.'  The base 9 "Location of vehicles" maintains in real time the location, that is to say the latitude and longitude of each of the vehicles implementing the system and their positioning on the traffic lanes after the processor 13 consulted the database "Geography". These data as well as the path taken by the vehicle in a given road segment S and in a last determined period of time T are periodically addressed by the on-board installation 3 to the remote server 1. This time period T may for example be the order of half an hour. '
Cette base de donnée est associée à des moyens de calcul du processeur 13 qui déterminent la voie A sur laquelle se déplace chacun .des véhicules, le segment S de cette voie sur - lequel se trouve le véhicule pendant ladite période de temps T, l'identité Ι_ du dispositif embarqué du véhicule, et l'heure H de passage du véhicule V dans le segment de voie S. On notera que, suivant l'invention, un segment Î5 de voie est constitué d'un tronçon pris sur la même voie par exemple entre deux limitations de vitesse différentes. This database is associated with processor calculation means 13 which determine the track A on which each vehicle moves, the segment S of this track on which the vehicle is located during said period of time. time T, the identity Ι_ of the on-board device of the vehicle, and the time H of passage of the vehicle V in the track segment S. It will be noted that, according to the invention, a segment 15 of track consists of a section taken on the same track for example between two different speed limits.
Le processeur 13 est ainsi en mesure de déterminer- combien de véhicules n et quels véhicules Vi, V2, ... Vn sont passés par un lieu appartenant au segment S déterminé au cours de ladite dernière période de temps T et dans quelle direction D ces véhicules sont passés. The processor 13 is thus able to determine how many vehicles n and which vehicles Vi, V 2 , ... V n have passed through a location belonging to the segment S determined during said last period of time T and in which direction D these vehicles are gone.
La seconde base de données en temps réel 11 dite «base Perturbations signalées » comporte des moyens aptes à stocker les perturbations Ρχ, P2, ... Pn qui sont signalées par les utilisateurs et à les classer en plusieurs catégories étant entendu qu'au cours du temps une perturbation a la possibilité d'évoluer d'une catégorie à une autre. Le processeur 13 est ainsi en mesure de gérer deux catégories principales de perturbations, à savoir des perturbations de type réel et des perturbations de type potentiel. Il fait ainsi appel aux catégories suivantes : The second real-time database 11 known as the "Disturbances reported" database comprises means capable of storing the disturbances Ρχ, P 2 ,... P n which are signaled by the users and classifying them in several categories, provided that in the course of time a disturbance has the possibility of evolving from one category to another. The processor 13 is thus able to manage two main categories of disturbances, namely real-type disturbances and potential-type disturbances. It thus appeals to the following categories:
a) Perturbations de type réel :  a) Real type disturbances:
- perturbations en attente de confirmation: il s'agit de perturbations qui ont été signalées par un ou plusieurs utilisateurs dont l'indice de fiabilité I_F n'est pas suffisant et qui sont conservées dans l'attente d'une confirmation. Ces perturbations ne sont pas prises en compte par le processeur,  - disturbances awaiting confirmation: these are disturbances which have been reported by one or more users whose reliability index I_F is not sufficient and which are kept pending confirmation. These disturbances are not taken into account by the processor,
- perturbations actives: il s'agit de perturbations signalées par un ou plusieurs utilisateurs et dont la présence a été confirmée. Ces perturbations sont destinées à être communiquées aux utilisateurs des véhicules et sont en conséquences prises en charge par le processeur ainsi qu'expliqué ci-après,  - active disturbances: these are disturbances reported by one or more users and whose presence has been confirmed. These disturbances are intended to be communicated to the users of the vehicles and are consequently supported by the processor as explained below,
- perturbations désactivées : il s'agit de perturbations qui ont été actives et qui, suite à une intervention d'utilisateurs sont devenues inactives, - deactivated disturbances: this is disturbances which have been active and which, following user intervention, have become inactive,
b) Perturbations de type potentiel :  b) Potential disturbances:
Ce sont des perturbations qui, à priori, ne sont pas certaines, mais qui dépendent d'éléments extérieurs plus ou moins fortuits. Par exemple, dans une zone déterminée on sait que les conditions climatiques font que l'on trouve souvent du brouillard, ou du verglas, par exemple en une période donnée de l'année on sait que celui-ci se produit 3 jours sur 10. On aura ainsi pour cette période de l'année 30% de chances d'avoir cette perturbation dans cette zone. Sa probabilité de présence P sera ainsi de 30%.  These are disturbances which, a priori, are not certain, but which depend on external elements more or less fortuitous. For example, in a given area it is known that weather conditions often cause fog, or ice, for example, at a given time of the year it is known that this occurs 3 days out of 10. This period of the year will have a 30% chance of having this disturbance in this zone. Its probability of presence P will thus be 30%.
La base de données 11 « base Perturbations signalées » est associée à des moyens de calcul du processeur 13 qui ont pour fonction de gérer la sauvegarde des données renvoyées en temps réel par les utilisateurs.  The database "base disturbances reported" is associated with processor calculation means 13 whose function is to manage the backup of the data returned in real time by the users.
Ainsi que représenté sur la figure 1 chacun des dispositifs embarqués 3 est essentiellement constitué d'un processeur 15 dont le rôle est de gérer des moyens de positionnement, notamment constitués d'un récepteur GPS 19, une mémoire RAM 17, et des moyens de communication à distance, notamment constitués d'un modem GPRS, qui permettent le dialogue avec le serveur distant 1.  As shown in FIG. 1, each of the on-board devices 3 essentially consists of a processor 15 whose role is to manage positioning means, in particular constituted by a GPS receiver 19, a RAM memory 17, and communication means. remote, including a GPRS modem, which allow the dialogue with the remote server 1.
Le dispositif embarqué 3 comporte également des moyens d'adressage constitués notamment d'une série de boutons 24 qui peuvent être regroupés de façon à former un clavier 23a, au moyen desquels l'utilisateur d'un véhicule envoie des informations et des instructions au serveur distant 1 via un modem 21 et un réseau GPRS 4. Ces moyens d'adressage peuvent également être de type vocal et être constitués d'un micro 23b.  The onboard device 3 also comprises addressing means consisting in particular of a series of buttons 24 which can be grouped together to form a keyboard 23a, by means of which the user of a vehicle sends information and instructions to the server remote 1 via a modem 21 and a GPRS network 4. These addressing means can also be of voice type and consist of a microphone 23b.
Le dispositif embarqué 3 comporte également des moyens permettant à l'utilisateur de recevoir des informations du serveur distant 1. Ces informations qui sont gérés par le processeur 15 peuvent être délivrées de façon visuelle sur un afficheur 25a et/ou de façon sonore au moyen d'un haut- parleur 25b. The embedded device 3 also comprises means allowing the user to receive information from the remote server 1. This information is managed by the user. processor 15 can be delivered visually on a display 25a and / or audibly by means of a loudspeaker 25b.
Plus précisément, ainsi que représenté sur l'algorithme de la figure 3, le récepteur GPS 19 de chacun des systèmes embarqués déterminé en temps réel la localisation du véhicule sur lequel il est installé, c'est-à-dire la position, le cap et la vitesse de celui-ci et transmet régulièrement, par exemple toutes les minutes, ces informations au serveur distant 1 par le modem GPRS 21.  More precisely, as represented on the algorithm of FIG. 3, the GPS receiver 19 of each of the on-board systems determines in real time the location of the vehicle on which it is installed, ie the position, the heading and the speed thereof and regularly transmits, for example every minute, this information to the remote server 1 by the GPRS modem 21.
A réception, ainsi que représenté sur l'algorithme de la figure 4 , le serveur distant 1 identifie la voie routière A sur laquelle se trouve le véhicule V, par comparaison entre la localisation faite par le système embarqué et les informations contenues dans la base de données 8 « base Géographique » et définit le segment de voie S sur lequel se trouve le véhicule. Le serveur distant 1 détermine également la direction D du trajet effectué par le véhicule V sur le segment S.  On reception, as shown on the algorithm of FIG. 4, the remote server 1 identifies the road lane A on which the vehicle V is located, by comparison between the location made by the onboard system and the information contained in the database. data 8 "Geographical base" and defines the segment of track S on which the vehicle is located. The remote server 1 also determines the direction D of the path made by the vehicle V on the segment S.
Le serveur distant 1 recherche ensuite, sur la voie routière localisée A ainsi que sur les voies Ai, A2, ...An en relation avec celle-ci, (à savoir les voies Ai et A2 sur la figure 2) les perturbations Pi, P2, ... Pn susceptibles d'exister dans un rayon de surveillance R déterminé, par exemple de l'ordre de 20 km autour de la position du véhicule V (à savoir les perturbations Pi et P2 sur la figure 2, Ρχ étant par exemple une nouvelle limitation de vitesse et P2 étant par exemple un banc de brouillard) . Il transmet alors au véhicule V, via ses moyens de communication 20 et le modem GPRS 21 de ce dernier, au travers du réseau de téléphonie mobile, des informations et notamment : The remote server 1 then searches, on the localized road A as well as on the channels A 1 , A 2 ,... A n in relation thereto, (namely the channels A 1 and A 2 in FIG. disturbances Pi, P 2 ,... P n likely to exist in a determined monitoring radius R, for example of the order of 20 km around the position of the vehicle V (namely the disturbances Pi and P 2 on the FIG. 2, Ρχ for example being a new speed limitation and P 2 being, for example, a fog bank). It then transmits to the vehicle V, via its communication means 20 and the GPRS modem 21 of the latter, through the mobile telephone network, information and in particular:
- la localisation des perturbations détectées Pl et P2 qui se trouvent dans le rayon de surveillance R et la nature de celles-ci qui sont contenues dans les bases de données 5 « base Perturbations » et 11 « Perturbations signalées » , the location of the detected disturbances P1 and P2 which are in the monitoring radius R and the the nature of these contained in databases 5 "Basic Disturbances" and 11 "Disturbances reported",
les consignes éventuellement associées à ces perturbations ,  the instructions possibly associated with these disturbances,
- l'indice de fiabilité IF des utilisateurs du système qui sont précédemment passés « sur » ces perturbations, dans le délai de temps défini T, notamment de l'ordre de 30 minutes (à savoir dans le cas présent les véhicules Vi, V2, V*3 , V4) et le nombre de ces derniers, the reliability index IF of the users of the system who have previously passed these disturbances, within the defined time period T, in particular of the order of 30 minutes (namely in the present case the vehicles Vi, V 2 , V * 3, V 4 ) and the number of these,
- la probabilité statistique contenue dans la base de données 5 « base Perturbations » concernant les perturbations potentielles. Il signalera notamment la perturbation P2 en supposant que celle-ci est constituée par du brouillard qui se manifeste à cette heure-ci en cette saison un jour sur trois soit une probabilité de 30%, - the statistical probability contained in the Database 5 "Disturbance database" concerning the potential disturbances. In particular, it will signal the P2 disturbance, assuming that the disturbance is constituted by fog, which occurs at this time in this season every third day, ie a probability of 30%.
A réception, ainsi que représenté sur la figure 5, le dispositif embarqué 3 du véhicule V stocke toutes ces informations dans sa mémoire RAM 17 afin quelles puissent être exploitées plus tard par son processeur 15 lorsque le véhicule V sera à une distance d'alerte r d'une perturbation . On reception, as shown in FIG. 5, the on-board device 3 of the vehicle V stores all this information in its RAM memory 17 so that it can be used later by its processor 15 when the vehicle V is at a warning distance r of a disturbance.
Le processeur fait une distinction en ce qui concerne la gestion des perturbations de type réel et la gestion des perturbations de type potentiel telles que définies précédemment .  The processor makes a distinction with regard to the management of real-type disturbances and the management of potential-type disturbances as defined above.
a) Gestion des perturbations de type réel :  a) Management of real-type disturbances:
Si le véhicule V se rapproche à une distance d'alerte r d'une perturbation stockée dans sa mémoire RAM 17, notamment de l'ordre de 500 m, le processeur 15 commande à ses moyens d'information, tels que l'écran 25a et/ou le haut-parleur 25b, de fournir les informations suivantes :  If the vehicle V approaches a warning distance r of a perturbation stored in its RAM memory 17, in particular of the order of 500 m, the processor 15 controls its information means, such as the screen 25a. and / or the speaker 25b, to provide the following information:
la nature de la perturbation : accident, embouteillage, radar fixe ou mobile, verglas, brouillard, etc- „„ . , the nature of the disturbance: accident, congestion, fixed or mobile radar, ice, fog, etc- "". ,
- une consigne en rapport avec cette perturbation,  an instruction in relation to this disturbance,
- l'heure de la dernière observation,  - the time of the last observation,
- le nombre n des utilisateurs Vi, V2, ... Vn qui sont passés « sur » ladite perturbation (à savoir quatre véhicules dans l'exemple de la figure 2 soit les véhicules Vi, V2, V3, V,) , the number n of the users Vi, V 2 ,..., V n that have passed "on" said disturbance (ie four vehicles in the example of FIG. 2, namely the vehicles Vi, V 2 , V 3 , V, ),
- l'indice de fiabilité moyen Im des utilisateurs qui sont passés « sur » cette perturbation.  - The average reliability index Im users who have gone "on" this disturbance.
Une fois que le récepteur GPS 19 du dispositif embarqué 3 localise la position du véhicule V sur lequel il est installé après la position de la perturbation concernée, le processeur 15 génère un message sur l'écran d'affichage 25b du type « PERTURBATION TOUJOURS PRESENTE ? » et propose à l'utilisateur un choix en OUI/NON pendant une durée prédéfinie, notamment de l'ordre de 15 secondes. Le processeur 15 remonte la réponse, ou la non réponse, vers le serveur distant 1 où elle sera utilisée ultérieurement, en traitement différé, par le processeur 13 pour mettre à jour l'indice de fiabilité qui est attribué à chaque utilisateur du système suivant l'invention et qui est stocké dans la base de données 7 « base Utilisateur » et qui évolue au cours du temps d'utilisation et ceci en fonction du comportement de cet utilisateur vis-à-vis du système .  Once the GPS receiver 19 of the on-board device 3 locates the position of the vehicle V on which it is installed after the position of the perturbation concerned, the processor 15 generates a message on the display screen 25b of the type "DISTURBANCE ALWAYS PRESENT ? And offers the user a choice YES / NO for a predefined period, in particular of the order of 15 seconds. The processor 15 returns the response, or the no answer, to the remote server 1 where it will be used later, in delayed processing, by the processor 13 to update the reliability index which is assigned to each user of the following system. invention and which is stored in the database "user base" 7 and which evolves during the time of use and this according to the behavior of this user vis-à-vis the system.
A réception, ainsi que représenté sur l'algorithme de la figure 6, le processeur 13 met d'abord en mémoire dans la base de données 11 « base Perturbations signalées » la réponse reçue de l'utilisateur, ou la non réponse de celui- ci, puis il consulte la base de données 7 « base Utilisateurs » pour en extraire l'indice de fiabilité IF de l'utilisateur associé au véhicule Si celui-ci a un indice de fiabilité IF supérieur à un indice de seuil Ig , il prend en compte l'information envoyée par l'utilisateur, si bien que si ce dernier a infirmé la présence de la perturbation, le processeur désactive cette dernière dans la base 11 « base Perturbations signalées» et un nouveau véhicule se présentant sur le même segment de voie S ne se verra plus signifier cette perturbation. Si au contraire l'utilisateur du véhicule V confirme la perturbation celle- ci est laissée comme active. On reception, as shown on the algorithm of FIG. 6, the processor 13 first stores in the database 11 "base disturbances signaled" the response received from the user, or the nonresponse thereof. ci, then it consults the database 7 "base Users" to extract the IF reliability index of the user associated with the vehicle If it has a reliability index IF greater than a threshold index Ig, it takes counts the information sent by the user, so that if it has reversed the presence of the disturbance, the processor disables the latter in the base 11 "base Disturbances reported" and a new vehicle on the same segment of track S will no longer be signified this disturbance. If on the other hand the user of the vehicle V confirms the disturbance it is left as active.
Si par contre l'indice de fiabilité I F de l'utilisateur se situe au-dessous de l'indice de seuil Is , le processeur met l'information en attente jusqu'à ce qu'un nouvel utilisateur vienne confirmer l'information du premier. Si ce nouvel utilisateur confirme l'information du premier et si la somme de leurs indices de fiabilité respectifs dépasse le seuil de fiabilité Is, alors l'information est confirmée et la perturbation est déclarée comme non active. If, on the other hand, the reliability index IF of the user is below the threshold index I s , the processor puts the information on hold until a new user comes to confirm the information of the user. first. If this new user confirms the information of the first and if the sum of their respective reliability indices exceeds the reliability threshold Is, then the information is confirmed and the disturbance is declared as not active.
Si l'utilisateur ne répond pas à la question cela signifie qu'il ne souhaite pas participer pleinement au système et cette non réponse est prise en compte par le processeur 13 et mise en mémoire dans la base de données 11 de façon que, lors du traitement différé périodique des différentes informations remontées vers le serveur distant au cours d'une période de temps, par exemple une journée, elle puisse être prise en compte par le processeur pour diminuer l'indice de confiance IF de l'utilisateur concerné.  If the user does not answer the question, it means that he does not wish to participate fully in the system and this non-response is taken into account by the processor 13 and stored in the database 11 so that, when periodic deferred processing of the various information sent to the remote server during a period of time, for example a day, it can be taken into account by the processor to reduce the IF confidence index of the user concerned.
b) Gestion des perturbations de type potentiel :  b) Management of potential disturbances:
On rappellera qu'une perturbation dite potentielle est une perturbation dont on a constaté la présence à plusieurs reprises à un certain endroit à une certaine date et à une certaine heure. Il y a donc une probabilité P qu'un utilisateur qui se trouve en cet endroit au même instant la rencontre également.  It will be recalled that a so-called potential disturbance is a disturbance which has been found several times at a certain place on a certain date and at a certain time. There is therefore a probability P that a user who is in this place at the same time also meets her.
Le processeur du dispositif suivant l'invention dispose de moyens de calcul spécifiques 14 qui sont destinés à moduler cette probabilité en fonction d'une part du nombre d'utilisateurs ng qui adhèrent au présent système et qui sont passés « sur » la perturbation dans un passé récent, de l'ordre par exemple de la dernière demi-heure, et qui ne l'ont pas signalée, et d'autre part de l'indice dé fiabilité IF de ces utilisateurs. Préférentiellement les moyens de calcul 14 établissent une moyenne arithmétique I Fm des différents indices de fiabilité I_F des utilisateurs concernés et l'on a : The processor of the device according to the invention has specific calculation means 14 which are intended to modulate this probability according to a share of the number of users n g who adhere to the present system and who are "on" the disturbance in the recent past, of the order for example of the last half hour, and who have not reported it, and secondly the IF reliability index of these users. Preferably the calculation means 14 establish an arithmetic mean I Fm of the various reliability indices I_F of the users concerned and we have:
Indice de fiabilité moyen : IFm= ∑ ( I Fi+IF2+... IFn) /np Suivant l'invention, le processeur considère que la probabilité réelle Pr de rencontrer une perturbation potentielle est égale à la probabilité de présence P de celle-ci divisée par le nombre d'utilisateurs np qui sont passés « sur » la perturbation dans un passé récent sans la signaler divisée par l'indice de fiabilité moyen de ces utilisateurs. On a ainsi : Average reliability index: IF m = Σ (I Fi + IF 2 + ... IF n ) / n p According to the invention, the processor considers that the real probability Pr of meeting a potential perturbation is equal to the probability of presence P of the latter divided by the number of users n p that are "on" the disturbance in the recent past without reporting it divided by the average reliability index of these users. We thus have:
Pr = P / (1+ np X IFm) P r = P / (1+ n p X IF m )
Où a représente un coefficient d'ajustement dont la valeur sera déterminée par l'expérience, notamment par une méthode de type itérative.  Where a represents an adjustment coefficient whose value will be determined by the experiment, in particular by an iterative method.
Ainsi que montré sur l'algorithme de la figure 5, si le processeur 15 du dispositif embarqué 3 détecte en consultant sa mémoire RAM 17 qu' une perturbation potentielle existe à l'intérieur de la distance d'alerte r devant le véhicule V, il procède alors au calcul de l'indice de fiabilité moyen IFm puis au calcul de la probabilité réelle Pr ainsi qu'expliqué précédemment. Enfin le processeur procède à l'affichage sur l'écran 25a et/ou au moyen du haut-parleur 25b des informations suivantes : As shown on the algorithm of FIG. 5, if the processor 15 of the on-board device 3 detects by consulting its RAM memory 17 that a potential perturbation exists within the alert distance r in front of the vehicle V, it then calculates the average reliability index IF m and then calculates the real probability Pr as explained previously. Finally, the processor displays on the screen 25a and / or by means of the loudspeaker 25b the following information:
- nature de la perturbation : accident, embouteillage, radar fixe ou mobile,  - nature of the disturbance: accident, congestion, fixed or mobile radar,
- localisation de la perturbation  - location of the disturbance
- consigne en rapport avec cette perturbation, - probabilité Pr de rencontrer la perturbation lorsqu' il s'agit d'une perturbation potentielle, - instructions in relation to this disturbance, - probability Pr to encounter the disturbance when it is a potential disturbance,
indice de fiabilité moyen IFm, des utilisateurs concernés . average reliability index IF m , of the users concerned.
Suivant l'invention les données en temps réel proviennent des utilisateurs qui, au cours de leur trajets, signalent les perturbations qu'ils sont amenés à rencontrer. Ainsi, comme représenté sur l'algorithme de la figure 7, lorsqu'un utilisateur rencontre une perturbation, il actionne alors' un bouton 24 appartenant aux moyens de signalisation, ce qui a pour effet d'envoyer un signal via le modem GPRS 21 au serveur distant 1. Ce signal comporte plusieurs composantes, à savoir une composante propre à la perturbation, une composante propre à sa localisation et une composante d'identification qui permet au processeur 13 de savoir de quel utilisateur l'information provient.  According to the invention, the real-time data come from the users who, during their journeys, signal the disturbances they are to encounter. Thus, as shown in the algorithm of FIG. 7, when a user encounters a disturbance, he then actuates a button 24 belonging to the signaling means, which has the effect of sending a signal via the GPRS modem 21 to the signaling means. remote server 1. This signal comprises several components, namely a component specific to the disturbance, a component specific to its location and an identification component that allows the processor 13 to know which user the information comes from.
Le processeur 13 sauvegarde d'abord ces informations dans la base 11 « base Perturbations Signalées », puis consulte la base de données 7 « base Utilisateurs » afin de connaître l'indice de fiabilité _IF associé à l'utilisateur ayant émis le signal.  The processor 13 first stores this information in the base 11 "signaled disturbance database", then consults the database 7 "User base" in order to know the reliability index _IF associated with the user who issued the signal.
Si cet indice de fiabilité est supérieur à la valeur plancher 1^, alors le processeur 13 prend en compte l'information de perturbation qui lui a été transmise et la stocke en mémoire dans la base de données 11 « base Perturbations signalées » où elle est classée dans la catégorie des perturbations « actives », si bien que cette information sera communiquée à tout utilisateur d'un véhicule entrant dans le rayon de surveillance R de la voie A où elle a été constatée.  If this reliability index is greater than the floor value 1 ^, then the processor 13 takes into account the disturbance information that has been transmitted to it and stores it in memory in the database 11 "base Perturbations reported" where it is classified in the category of "active" disturbances, so that this information will be communicated to any user of a vehicle entering the surveillance radius R of track A where it was found.
Si l'indice de fiabilité de l'utilisateur ayant signalé la perturbation est inférieur au seuil Ig, alors le processeur 13 classe l'information dans la base de données 11 « base Perturbations signalées » dans la catégorie « en attente de confirmation », et attend une confirmation d'un autre utilisateur afin de voir si les indices de fiabilité en attente ont un niveau suffisant pour faire passer l'information dans la catégorie « active ». If the reliability index of the user having signaled the disturbance is lower than the threshold Ig, then the processor 13 classifies the information in the database 11 "base Perturbations reported" in the category "en confirmation wait ", and waits for confirmation from another user to see if the pending reliability indices have a sufficient level to place the information in the" active "category.
Dans une variante de mise en oeuvre de la présente invention l'utilisateur dispose de la possibilité de paramétrer les conditions suivant lesquelles il souhaite être alerté des perturbations de type potentiel.  In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the user has the possibility of setting the conditions according to which he wishes to be alerted of potential type disturbances.
Dans un mode de mise en oeuvre de la présente invention la mise à jour des indices de fiabilité des utilisateurs du système se fera préférentiellement de façon périodique en temps différé préférentiellement une fois par jour et notamment la nuit.  In one embodiment of the present invention, the updating of the reliability indices of the users of the system will preferably be carried out periodically in deferred time, preferably once a day and especially at night.
On a représenté sur l'algorithme de la figure 8 les diverses opérations qui sont menées en temps différé par le serveur à distance et plus spécifiquement par son processeur 13.  The algorithm of FIG. 8 shows the various operations that are carried out in deferred time by the remote server and more specifically by its processor 13.
Tout d'abord celui-ci extrait de la base de données 11 « base Perturbations signalées » les données qui ont été stockées pendant la dernière période de temps de référence, notamment le dernier mois, puis procède à un tri de celles- ci par utilisateur. Ensuite, pour chacun de ceux-ci, le processeur met à jour le temps d'utilisation du système et le stocke dans la base de données 7 « base Utilisateurs ». Ensuite, si l'utilisateur à signalé des perturbations existantes et/ou a rencontré des perturbations, le processeur met à jour dans la base de données 7 « base Utilisateurs », le taux de participation de l'utilisateur ainsi que son taux de confirmations de perturbations qu' il a rencontrées.  First of all it extracts from the database 11 "Disturbances reported database" the data that was stored during the last period of reference time, in particular the last month, then proceeds to a sort of these by user . Then, for each of these, the processor updates the time of use of the system and stores it in the database 7 "User base". Then, if the user has reported existing disturbances and / or has encountered disturbances, the processor updates in the database 7 "User base", the user participation rate and its confirmation rate of disturbances that he has encountered.
Une fois la mise à jour de ces trois paramètres réalisée, l'indice de fiabilité I_F de cet utilisateur est calculé et mis à jour au moyen de la formule : IF = (α χ temps utilisation) + (β x taux de participation) + (γ x taux de confirmation) où α, β, et Y sont des paramètres d'ajustement basés sur l'expérience et qui viennent pondérer les paramètres entre eux„ Once these three parameters have been updated, the reliability index I_F of this user is calculated and updated using the formula: IF = (α χ time use) + (β x participation rate) + (γ x confirmation rate) where α, β, and Y are adjustment parameters based on experience and which weight the parameters between them "
Le processeur procède ainsi pour chacun des utilisateurs ayant utilisé le système suivant l'invention dans la période de temps du mois.  The processor thus proceeds for each of the users having used the system according to the invention in the period of time of the month.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1.- Système de signalisation d'un niveau de risque de présence d'une perturbation routière dans une zone de présence déterminée (Z) d'un véhicule, du type comportant:1.- Signaling system for a level of risk of presence of a road disturbance in a determined presence area (Z) of a vehicle, of the type comprising:
- un dispositif embarqué (3) comprenant : an onboard device (3) comprising:
. des moyens (19) de localisation du véhicule, notamment de type GPS,  . means (19) for locating the vehicle, in particular of the GPS type,
des moyens (23a, 23b) de signalisation aptes à permettre à l'utilisateur du véhicule d'envoyer au serveur (1) , via des moyens de communication à distance (21), les coordonnées (L,l) de localisation d'une perturbation rencontrée,  signaling means (23a, 23b) capable of enabling the user of the vehicle to send to the server (1), via remote communication means (21), the coordinates (L, l) of location of a disturbance encountered,
des moyens de gestion (13), notamment de type processeur,  management means (13), in particular of the processor type,
- un serveur distant (1) comprenant :  a remote server (1) comprising:
des moyens aptes à assurer la localisation d'une perturbation signalée par le dispositif embarqué (3) à partir des informations communiquées par celui-ci,  means capable of ensuring the location of a disturbance signaled by the onboard device (3) on the basis of the information communicated by the latter,
des moyens de gestion (15), notamment de type processeur,  management means (15), in particular of the processor type,
le dispositif embarqué (3) et le serveur distant (1) comportant des moyens de communication à distance bidirectionnels (21, 20) , caractérisé en ce que.: the on-board device (3) and the remote server (1) comprising bidirectional remote communication means (21, 20), characterized in that:
le dispositif embarqué (3) comporte des moyens d'interrogation (25a, 25b) de l'utilisateur du véhicule sur la présence d'une perturbation,  the on-board device (3) comprises interrogation means (25a, 25b) of the user of the vehicle on the presence of a disturbance,
- le dispositif embarqué (3) comporte des moyens aptes à permettre à l'utilisateur de répondre (23a, 23b) à cette interrogation,  the onboard device (3) comprises means capable of enabling the user to answer (23a, 23b) this interrogation,
- le dispositif embarqué (3) comporte des moyens aptes à communiquer au serveur distant (1) le contenu de la réponse, ou la non réponse de l'utilisateur, - le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens d'analyse (13,14) de cette réponse ou de cette non réponse aptes à générer un paramètre d'indice de fiabilité ( I F ) de 1' utilisateur, the on-board device (3) comprises means capable of communicating to the remote server (1) the content of the response, or the non-response of the user, the remote server (1) comprises means for analyzing (13, 14) this response or this nonresponse capable of generating a parameter of the reliability index (IF) of the user,
- le dispositif embarqué (3) comporte des moyens aptes à communiquer à l'utilisateur du véhicule, notamment sous forme visuelle (25a) et/ou sonore (25b) , une information en relation avec un paramètre d'indice de fiabilité ( I F ) du ou des utilisateurs qui sont passés « sur » cette perturbation dans un délai donné (t) .  the on-board device (3) comprises means capable of communicating to the user of the vehicle, in particular in visual (25a) and / or sound (25b) form, information in relation with a parameter of reliability index (FI) of the user or users who have gone "on" this disturbance within a given time (t).
2. - Système suivant la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens de stockage ( 7 ) des indices de fiabilité ( I F ) des utilisateurs.  2. - System according to claim 1 characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises storage means (7) reliability indices (I F) users.
3. - Système suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif embarqué (3) comporte des moyens aptes à activer l'interrogation sur la présence de la perturbation sitôt après le passage du véhicule « sur » cette dernière.  3. - System according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the onboard device (3) comprises means capable of activating the interrogation on the presence of the disturbance as soon after the passage of the vehicle "on" the latter.
4. - Système suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'interrogation (25b) sont de type vocal.  4. - System according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the interrogation means (25b) are of the vocal type.
5. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'interrogation (25a) sont de type visuel.  5. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the interrogation means (25a) are of the visual type.
6. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les moyens de réponse (23b) sont de type vocal.  6. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the response means (23b) are of the vocal type.
7 . - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les moyens de réponse (23a) comprennent au moins un bouton de commande (24).  7. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the response means (23a) comprise at least one control button (24).
8. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens (20) aptes à transmettre au dispositif embarqué (3) le paramètre d'indice de fiabilité ( I F ) de l'utilisateur ayant signalé ou confirmé une perturbation, et/ou le paramètre d'indice de fiabilité moyen (IFm) de plusieurs utilisateurs ayant signalé ou confirmé une même perturbation . 8. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means (20) adapted to transmit to the onboard device (3) the reliability index parameter (IF) of the user reporting or confirming a disturbance, and / or the average reliability index parameter (IF m ) of several users who reported or confirmed the same disturbance.
9. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens de calcul (13) aptes à déterminer, à partir de l'indice de fiabilité (IF) d'un utilisateur, ou à partir de l'indice de fiabilité moyen (IFm) de plusieurs utilisateurs, ayant signalé ou confirmé une même perturbation, une information quant à la fiabilité de l'information de présence d'une perturbation. 9. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises calculation means (13) adapted to determine, from the reliability index (IF) of a user, or from the average reliability index (IF m ) of several users, having signaled or confirmed the same disturbance, information as to the reliability of the presence information of a disturbance.
10. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte une base de données (5) renfermant la localisation de perturbations, dites potentielles, qui existent de façon statistique en une même zone routière déterminée, ainsi que la probabilité de présence en cette localisation de celles- ci ainsi que, éventuellement, à une date et/ou à un instant déterminé.  10. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises a database (5) containing the location of disturbances, said potential, which exist statistically in the same determined road zone, as well as the probability of presence in this location of these and possibly, at a date and / or at a given moment.
11. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens de mesure du temps d'utilisation de celui-ci par un utilisateur.  11. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means for measuring the time of use thereof by a user.
12. - Système suivant la revendication 11 caractérisé en ce que la mesure du temps d'utilisation s'effectue sur une période de temps (T) déterminée, notamment une journée ou un mois.  12. - System according to claim 11 characterized in that the measurement of the time of use is performed over a period of time (T) determined, including a day or a month.
13. - Système suivant la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une base de données (11) apte à enregistrer toutes les perturbations signalées par ses utilisateurs pendant ladite période de temps (T) .  13. - System according to claim 12 characterized in that it comprises a database (11) capable of recording all the disturbances reported by its users during said period of time (T).
14. - Système suivant la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens de calcul (14) aptes à moduler la probabilité de présence (P) d'une perturbation par le nombre (n) des utilisateurs et/ou par l'indice de fiabilité de ces derniers qui sont passés « sur » cette perturbation dans une période de temps écoulé, par exemple une demi-heure. 14. - System according to the preceding claim characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises computing means (14) capable of modulating the probability of presence (P) of a disturbance by the number (n) of the users and / or by the reliability index of the latter who are "on" this disturbance in a time period, for example half an hour.
15. - Système suivant la revendication 14 caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens aptes à générer une information caractéristique de la synthèse des différents paramètres en mesure d' influer sur la probabilité (P) de présence d'une perturbation.  15. - System according to claim 14 characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means capable of generating information characteristic of the synthesis of different parameters able to influence the probability (P) of the presence of a disturbance .
16. - Système suivant la revendication 15 caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens aptes à transformer cette information de probabilité de présence (P) sous forme d'au moins un signal.  16. - System according to claim 15 characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means adapted to transform this presence probability information (P) in the form of at least one signal.
17. - Système suivant la revendication 16 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif embarqué (3) comporte des moyens d'affichage dudit signal sur un écran (25a).  17. - System according to claim 16 characterized in that the onboard device (3) comprises means for displaying said signal on a screen (25a).
18. - Système suivant la revendication 17 caractérisé en ce que le signal est constitué d'un signe ou d'un ensemble de signes dont la couleur est fonction du niveau de la probabilité de présence de la perturbation.  18. - System according to claim 17 characterized in that the signal consists of a sign or a set of signs whose color is a function of the level of the probability of presence of the disturbance.
19. - Système suivant la revendication 18 caractérisé en ce que ladite couleur occupe plus de la moitié de la surface de l'écran d'affichage (25a).  19. - System according to claim 18 characterized in that said color occupies more than half of the surface of the display screen (25a).
20. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comprend des moyens aptes à déterminer le caractère répétitif de perturbations signalées et à calculer pour un lieu et un instant donné la probabilité de présence (P) de ces perturbations dites « potentielles ».  20. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means for determining the repetitive nature of reported disturbances and calculating for a place and a given time the probability of presence (P) of these so-called "potential" disturbances.
21. - Système suivant la revendications 20 caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comprend des moyens aptes à moduler la probabilité de présence (P) des perturbations potentielles . 21. - System according to claim 20 characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means adapted to modulate the probability of presence (P) of potential disturbances.
22. - Système suivant l'une des revendications 20 ou 21 caractérisé en ce que le serveur distant (1) comporte des moyens aptes à compter le nombre (np) de véhicules qui sont passés sur une perturbation potentielle sans la signaler. 22. - System according to one of claims 20 or 21 characterized in that the remote server (1) comprises means capable of counting the number (n p ) of vehicles that are passed on a potential disturbance without signaling it.
23. - Système suivant l'une des revendications 21 ou 22 caractérisé en ce que les moyens aptes à moduler la probabilité de présence (P) des perturbations potentielles prennent en compte ledit nombre (np) de véhicules et l'indice de fiabilité (IF) des utilisateurs. 23. - System according to one of claims 21 or 22 characterized in that the means adapted to modulate the probability of presence (P) potential disturbances take into account said number (n p ) of vehicles and the reliability index ( IF) users.
24„ - Système suivant la revendication 23 caractérisé en ce que l'indice de fiabilité des utilisateurs (IFm) est constitué d'une moyenne arithmétique des indices de fiabilité (IF) des utilisateurs. 24 "- System according to claim 23 characterized in that the reliability index of the users (IF m ) consists of an arithmetic mean of the reliability indices (IF) of the users.
25.- Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'indice de fiabilité (IF) d'un utilisateur est fonction d'un paramètre proportionnel au temps d'utilisation du système par cet utilisateur pendant une période de temps (T) donné.  25.- System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the reliability index (IF) of a user is a function of a parameter proportional to the time of use of the system by this user for a period of time ( T) given.
26.- Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'indice de fiabilité (IF) d'un utilisateur est fonction d'un paramètre proportionnel au taux de participation par cet utilisateur pendant une période de temps (T) donné.  26.- System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the reliability index (IF) of a user is a function of a parameter proportional to the participation rate by this user for a given period of time (T) .
27. - Système suivant l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'indice de fiabilité (IF) d'un utilisateur est fonction d'un paramètre proportionnel au taux de confirmation par cet utilisateur pendant une période de temps (T) donné.  27. - System according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the reliability index (IF) of a user is a function of a parameter proportional to the confirmation rate by the user for a given period of time (T). .
28. - Dispositif embarqué (3) dans un véhicule, destiné à communiquer avec un serveur distant (1) et comportant des moyens (19) de localisation du véhicule, des moyens de communication (21) avec le serveur distant (1), et des moyens aptes à transmettre à l'utilisateur du véhicule des informations en provenance du serveur distant relatives à la présence de perturbations routières, caractérisé en ce qu' il comporte : 28. - embedded device (3) in a vehicle for communicating with a remote server (1) and having means (19) for locating the vehicle, communication means (21) with the remote server (1), and means capable of transmitting to the user of the vehicle information from the remote server relating to the presence of road disturbances, characterized in that it comprises:
- des moyens d'interrogation (25a, 25b) de l'utilisateur du véhicule sur la présence d'une perturbation,  interrogation means (25a, 25b) of the user of the vehicle on the presence of a disturbance,
- des moyens de réponse (23a, 24, 23b) à cette interrogation, response means (23a, 24, 23b) to this interrogation,
- des moyens aptes à communiquer au serveur distant (1) des signaux représentatifs du contenu de la réponse ou de la non réponse de l'utilisateur, means capable of communicating to the remote server (1) signals representative of the content of the response or the non-response of the user,
- des moyens (25a, 25b) aptes à fournir à l'utilisateur du véhicule des informations en provenance du serveur distant (1) en relation avec un indice de fiabilité d'un utilisateur ayant signalé ou confirmé la présence d'une perturbation et/ou un indice de fiabilité moyen (IFm) de plusieurs utilisateurs ayant signalé ou confirmé la présence d'une même perturbation. means (25a, 25b) capable of providing the user of the vehicle with information from the remote server (1) in relation to a reliability index of a user having signaled or confirmed the presence of a disturbance and / or an average reliability index (IF m ) of several users who reported or confirmed the presence of the same disturbance.
29. - Dispositif embarqué suivant la revendication 28 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens aptes à activer l'interrogation de la présence d'une perturbation sitôt après le passage du véhicule « sur » cette dernière.  29. - Onboard device according to claim 28 characterized in that it comprises means capable of activating the interrogation of the presence of a disturbance immediately after the passage of the vehicle "on" the latter.
30. - Dispositif embarqué suivant l'une des revendications 28 ou 29 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'interrogation sont de type vocal (25b).  30. - Onboard device according to one of claims 28 or 29 characterized in that the interrogation means are of the voice type (25b).
31. - Dispositif embarqué suivant l'une des revendications 28 à 30 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'interrogation (25a) sont de type visuel.  31. - Onboard device according to one of claims 28 to 30 characterized in that the interrogation means (25a) are of the visual type.
32. - Dispositif embarqué suivant l'une des revendications 28 à 31 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de réponse (23b) sont de type vocal.  32. - Onboard device according to one of claims 28 to 31 characterized in that the response means (23b) are of the voice type.
33. - Dispositif embarqué suivant l'une des revendications 28 à 32 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de réponse (23a) comprennent au moins un bouton de commande (24) .  33. - Onboard device according to one of claims 28 to 32 characterized in that the response means (23a) comprise at least one control button (24).
34. - Dispositif embarqué suivant l'une des revendications 28 à 33 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens aptes à informer l'utilisateur du véhicule de façon visuelle et/ou sonore de la probabilité de présence d'une perturbation . 34. - embedded device according to one of claims 28 to 33 characterized in that it comprises means capable of informing the user of the vehicle in a visual and / or audible manner of the probability of presence of a disturbance.
35. - Dispositif embarqué suivant la revendication 34 caractérisé en ce que ladite information est au moins délivrée sur des moyens d'affichage (25a) sous la forme d'un signe ou d'un ensemble de signes dont la couleur est fonction du niveau de la probabilité de présence de la perturbation .  35. - embedded device according to claim 34 characterized in that said information is at least delivered on display means (25a) in the form of a sign or a set of signs whose color is a function of the level of the probability of presence of the disturbance.
36. - Dispositif embarqué suivant la revendication 35 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'affichage sont constitués d'un écran (25a) et ladite couleur occupe plus de la moitié de la surface de celui-ci.  36. - Onboard device according to claim 35 characterized in that the display means consist of a screen (25a) and said color occupies more than half of the surface thereof.
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