US1166040A - Apparatus for lining tubes. - Google Patents

Description

Wh EURLNGHM/l.

APPARATUS FR LSNING TUBES. APPLlcATxoN min :uw 9, 1915.4

mmm@ v 4 @mm we. 295,191@

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

narran erigirse radianti VVILLABE BURLNGHAM, F NEVJPQRT NEWS, VERS-1min,

APPARATUS ron Lmnvo runas.

riginal application led March 30, 1915,V Serial'No. 18,068. Divided and this application filed Speciication of Letters Patent.

tatented July 3.9,

. 191e. Serial No. 40,763.

`drawn or dragged through said lining, ex-

panding the same and forcing it .intocontact with the tube, Huid pressure being in some instances thereafter employed to complete the expansion of the lining member, and it being als'o sometimes necessary to employ tracks, drums and Winding and supporting apparatus for the expanding device, all of which vare dispensed with in my device. These devices of the prior art are unsatisfactory, for the reason that the contiguous surfaces of the lining member and the outer tube are not in practice intimately pressed into contact with each other, so that all the' interstices on theA inner periphery of the outer tube are completely filled and engaged by the outer surfaces of the lining member, and furthermore, the lead lining 1s at all `times drawn apart by the friction of the mandrel during its progression thereln addition, the expanding mandrel of the prior art is frequently 4,gf such dimensions vor shape that it is very diiiicult iii practice Ato employ the same to line a curved pipe. In addition, it has heretofore been generally deemed impractical to line a tube with material other than lead pipe, but

by my novel apparatus, l am enabled to line'- an outer tube with any malleable metal lining desired, my invention furthermore being applicable to linings of any desired diameter. p y

For the purpose of obvia'ting the disadvaiitages of the prior art hereinbefore enumerated` l have devised niy-novel apparatus for lining tubes, which in its broad aspects can be carried-out 1n the desired-manner by various mechanisms, the lining member after having been placed in position within the' outer tube having every portion of the outer surface thereof hammered into close and intiinate contact with the contiguous surface of the outer pipe by hammering blows im,-

pacting thereon at substantially a right angle to the axis of the tube, as contredistinguished from being merely `outvvardly pressed.- against the inner periphery of the v tube', as in the prior art, whereby all the de invention, various types of mechanism may be employed, but l. preferably employ a plu rality of expanding headsforfhammeriiig members, which are vibrated with great rapidity by a reciprocating piston, and which may be advanced .or retracted ori'eciprocattul step by stepl and step by step expanded or spread apart jwithin the entire length 'ci' the tube to be lined, so that by the successive, advancing reciprocations and successive inipacts of the hammering devicesg the latter will rapidly, progressively and siniul taneously expand and smoothly hammer out the lining within and throughout the e'ntire length ofthe tube, so that the contiguous surfaces of the latter and said lining vwill be pressed into intimate Contact with eachother and all cavities, i on the inner surface of the outer tube il completely filled by the lining member.

My" present inveiitiongisga Vdivision of a contemporaneously pending application filed by me March 30th, i915, Serial No. 18,068, wherein :l have disclosed and broadly claimed a novel method of lining tubes, my 'present invention relating to one form of apparatus whereby said method can be carried out.'

To the' above ends, my invention consists ibe of the novel apparatus hereinafter re. i

n ized and that my invention` is not limited to 4so pressions, cavities ,and interstices of said outer pipe are fully and completely filled` by the outer molecules of the inner inaileabie depressions; and interstices v the precise arrangement and organization ot these instrumentalities as herein shown and described. I Figure l' represents a side elevation of one type of a pneumatic percussive tube lining toolfembodying my invention, showing also in section a portion of a tube and the lining therefor. Fig. 3 represents a central, longitudinal, sectional elevation ot the tool represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents an end elevation ot the hammer head of the tool o'l Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. -l represents in perspective, one of the vibratory hammer heads of the tool removed:therefrom. Fig. 5 represents in a vieu' similar to that of Fig. a modilied 'form ot' my tool. Fig. 6 represents on an enlarged scale, a sectionalview of the lining member and outer tube in their initial position. Fig. l represents a longitudinal, sectional View ct a tube lined by my novel apparatus. Fig. 8 represents a section on line www, Fig. 7.

Similar nume,l ls of reference indicate corresponding pdifts in the figures.

ln carrying out the broad principles of my invention, it will be apparent that various forms of' mechanism may be employed,

l as stated, and l do not desire to be limited drawings 1-1 to any particular type ol" apparatus or pneu matic percussive tool 4tor this purpose. have, however, devised a pneumatic percussive implement having hammering members and their adjuncts ot a novel construction, wherein my invention can be satisfactorily and efliciently carried out, the detailed description and manner of operation of `ajhich is as tolloWs:- Referring to the first designates the casing, cylinbarrel of a pneumatic percus with a series of outer longitudinal grooves 2, which extend radially inward in its preferably' cylindrical wall. 3 is an enlarged threaded bore, which forms the inner chamber of the casing. mut a portion and preferably about ot its length,l the casing is enlarged a circun'iferential internal chamber l minates forwardly at a shoulder il, ocyond Awhich and at about its outer end, the here ol the cylinder is contracted to 'form the outer chamber 6, which conforms the external diameter of the piston'or I; the internal end ol which pltmger is formed with a circumferential outwardly extending piston 5 adapted in the outward recinocation not' the plunger to encounter t! shoulder e" ot the easing chamber il and limit the forward stroke of the plunger.

'It will non' be understood that the casing contains three chambers oli dil'erent diameters, the inner chamber 3, which is merely a convenient enlargement of the bore, the middle Chanda-.r l and the outer chamber 6, Within the two l. .'.er of which the plunger der, body or sion tool, ret'erably formed three figures of thel is contained and reciprocates, and, subect' to the limit imposed by the shoulder or piston and stop 8, has its outward move` ment.

Within the inner chamber 3 ot tl .sing is a threaded head 9, the front face ol ulrich is preferably formed with a cup or recess l0 facing toward the hollow interior l1 of the plunger, and which forms a stop to limit the inward movement of the said plunger. The. 7o threaded head 9 is formed or provided with a rearwardly extending externally threaded inlet pipe l2, through which is supplied the actuating fluid, preferably compressed air "erfstealn, under suitable control. .it dishV 8u or Washer i3 fits upon the inlet pipe and is clamped against the inner end of the casing by a nut 14 upon the threaded inlet pipe. The head 6 is formed with an external peripheral groove or channel 15, which by means of radial channels 17, communicates -with the hollow bore 16 of the inlet pipe 12.

18 designates a longitudinally extending port formed in the casing, leading from the circumferential channel 15 of the head 9 fiorwardly to the circumferential inlet 19 of the casing, and opening into .the middle charn-- ber Il Within the casing and between it and the plunger, into' the hollow interior 1l of which it communicates by ports 20, so that compressed Huid entering the Ainlet pipe will Apass into the hollow interior of the plunger toy cause its propulsion `forward from the head 9 to the limit of movement which the shoulder 5 and stop 8 permit.

Within the Walls of the longitudinal grooves 2 in the outer periphery of the casing in the `construetion represented in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, are located and supported the resilient Shanks 2l ofthe independent detachable or removable hammer heads 22, the segmentallycurved, outer,

conical surfaces Z3 of which in the assemblage of all of the heads, constitute al compact circumferential, spheroidal, acorn-shaped or conical surface susceptible, by reason ost the resiliency of the shanlrs, o limited enpansion and contraction. v

The general contour oli the outer periphery of these heads to l form a compact spheroidal external surface will be readily understood from Figs. 1 and 3, and their dimensions and general contour may be varied or modified so longl as their asserm blage ,retains a substantially conical form which facilitates the introduction and passage of the implement into and through the tube lining. f

The hammer yheads 22 are formed with converging inner walls Q4, which coact with the outer or forward tapered end 25 of the plunger, the impact et the latter on said Walls imparting a rapid vibratory move.- ment to said hammering heads.

The form or' the resilient shanlrs of a 15C meente A given hammer head is not essential, although l prefer to make thexnor' suiiicient proportions to lit within the longitudinal external groove 2 of the casing. These grooves, howerer, may be dispensed with and in Eig. 5,

.l have shown another construction in which `a flanged cap 2S threaded upon the inlet pipe and secured by an outer nut 29, 'which clainps the offset portions ot said Shanks against an inner' nut 30 on the inlet pipe. 3l designates the tube to be lined, and 32 the lining thereiin The pneumatic percussion tool illustrated and described is oi' .the Welbhnown Choteau valveless type, but may be of any other convenient construction in which the hamlinerinlsg piston or plunger is not only, in the manipulationv or movement of the tool itself, rapidly step by step advanced, but also rapidly reciproeated. in its operation the Ino tive liuid flows through the inlet pipe and the ports or channels in the threaded head to the ports or channels which ultimately open into the plunger, so as to cause the latter to reciprocate with great rapidity, and cause its conical outer end to strike the inner conrerg'ig surfaces et the hammer heads to expand the latter With great rapidity and almost instantaneous suceessiveness against the lining 32 Within the tube 31, to beat or hannner it outwardly radially or at substantially right angle to the axis oil tube and thereby herinner every portion of the outer periphery oit' the lining into all the cavities, depressions and interstices oi the -contiguous inner Wall ofthe tube to be lined.

When the ports in the plunger are uncovered at the extremity oit its outward stroke,

47hthe fluid behind and within the plunger will exhaust between the haxniner heads and es cape through the tube, and the pressure or" the metre liuid against the shoulder of the piston 1Till cause the return lstroke of the plunger, as will be apparent to those skilled in. the art. i y

The spring Shanks 2l of the vibrating hariniers being et suilicient resiliency, will cause the herinner 'heads to spring` invf'ardly toward the rXis of the tool, when the -tapering,` outwardrnd of thL rapidly recil s locating plunger i'. :elles from between their converging inner surfaces, and, as explained, the rapidly repeated impacts of the tapering end of the plunger will cause-the hanuner heads to vibrate with great rapidity, their external conical surfaces striking hard hainmering blows against the lining. A

Should the hammer heads,v their Shanks or their oll'set tongues, break or the Shanks lose their elasticity, the rear nut 29 can be unscrewed and the cap 28 be removed from the tongues or" the Shanks, with the result thatany or all of the resilient hammer heads can be readily removed and replaced without dismantling or disturbing any other element ot the tool. 1

lt will be apparent trein the sectional View in ligs. 7 and 8, that the result of the ini-v pacts of the hammering blows which are' ererted upon the lining member 32 radially or at substantially a right :ingle to the axis thereof, will be to force every portion of the molecules of the outer periphery of the lining member 32 into close and intimate contact with the inner wall of the outer tube 3i, as' indicated at 33, so that a tube lined by my apparatus will possess far greater advantages than-can be attained by any of the apparatus of the prior art, wherein the liningl member is simply pressed outwardly against the contiguous surface of the tool.

It will further be apparent that by my invention, any malleable lining can he hainmered in position in a quick and efectivo manner, and that straight or curved tubes of any diameter can be readily andnquicldy lined by the. application thereto ol my apparatus, my invention being equally capable of adaptation to curved tubes, which have heretofore been lined with great ditliculty. By the employment of my novel implement herein described, and by manually or otherf Wise advancing and retracting the implement during the hammering operation incident to-lining a tube, every portion ot the outer periphery ol the lining nieinber will be hammered into close and intimate contact with the contiguous inner Wall of the tube, as is evident.'4 l

it will be apparentthat the exact contour of the hammering heads may be slightly changed without departing'froni the spirit of my invention, and the precise manner ot securing the inner ends of the resilient `Shanks in position may be varied, accordingr to requirements, and that other types ot pneumatic tools and other means of actuating the hammering )iston 'may be employed,

and while l have siown my present inven- .tion as adapted to a valveless pneunatic the resilient Shanksllt? liti

2l to be located Within longitudinal grooves' in the body ot the implement, 'the .walls can obviously be slightly departed r, u trom, if desired.

My invention is differentiated from devices which have been employed to expand the ends of tubes or tlues into a tube sheet, since such devices are applicable only to the end of the tube, whereas one salient feature of my device is the capability of the implement to he manually or otherwise moved bodily to and fro within the tube to be lined, throughout the entire length thereof, simultaneously with the vibration of the hammering heads against the lining member, whereby the intimate Contact of the lining with the outer tube is effected.

Se far as l am aware, l 'am the rst in the art to .devise a pneumatic percussive tool lining implement having,` the cha acteristics aforesaid, which is capable of being advanced and retracted within the lining member so as to hammer every portion of the-latter throughout its length into close and intimate contact with thc inner` contiguous surface of the outer tube, and my claims to the ,novel features of my'invention are to be ii'iterpreted with the .corresponding scope accorded to a pioneer invention.

lt will now be apparent that l have devised a, novel and useful construction of an apparatnsfor lining' tubes which embodies the. features of advantage enun'ierated as desirable 'in the statement of the invention and the above description, and while l have, in the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodiment thereof which will be found in practice to give satisfactor' and reliable results, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible of modification in various particulars such as will fall within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention er sacrificing any of its ad Yantages. f

llaving thus described my invention` what l c alim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :e

l. in a percnssive tube-lining tool. a pneumatic tool cylinder, a hai'nmerinp; piston within the cylinder, and a plurality pf reappear substantially as seen' ties of said arms being externally formed silient arms supported on said cylinder, `the outer extremities of which are externally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces,

whereby a compact, spheroidal hammer surface is formed, the inner walls of said arms being shaped so as to coact with the forward end of said piston and be rapidly vibrated thereby.

ln a percussive tube-liningr tool` armenM matic tool cylinder, a hammering piston having a conical forward end 'within the cylinder, and a plurality of resilient arms supported on said cylinder, the outer extremities of whicl are externally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces, whereby a compact spheroidal hammer surface is formed, said outer extremities beiner provided with internal converging walls adapted to receive blows from said piston.

3. ln a percussive tube-lining tool, a pneumatic tool cylinder, a hammeringr piston having a conical forward end 'within the cylinder, a plurality of resilient arms, the outer extremities of which are externally formed into conoidal rsegmental surfaces, whereby a compact, spheroidal, external hammer surface is formed, said extremities having internal converging walls adapted to coact with the forward end of said piston, and means fordetachably connectini,a the inner extremities of the arms to the tool.

4l. In a percussivetube-lining tool,a pneumatic tool cylinder, a hammeringr piston witJhin the cylinder formed with a conical striking surface, and a plurality of resilient arms, the outer extremities of which are exexternally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces and internally into converging surfaces adapted to be struck by said conical striking surface of said piston, whereby a con'ipact, spheroidal, external hammer surface and converging internal surfaces are formed.

5. in a percussive tube-lining tool, apneumatic tool cylinder, a hammeringv piston within the cylinder yformed with a conical striking,r surface, a plurality of resilient arms` the outer extremities of which are ternally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces and internally into converging 'sur- -faces which are impacted upon by the conical striking surface of said piston, whereby a compact, spheroidal, external'h'ammer surface and converging internal surfaces are formed, and means for dctachably. connecting the inner extremities of the armste the tool.v

(i. In a percussive tube-lining toohapneumatic tool cylinder formed with a plurality i f longitudinally extendingexternalz'radial y.' Doves," a hammering piston witlin the cylinder and a plurality of resilient arms fitte-l within 'said grooves, the outer extremiinto conoidal segmental surfaces, whereby Lieaofio ace'is formed, thel inner Walls of the outer A entremi'ies ol" said arms being outwardly converging and adapted to beimpacted upon by the forward end'ot said piston.

7. ln a permissive tube-lining tool, a pneumatic tool cylinder termed with a plurality of longitudinally extending external radial.

grooves, a hammering piston Within said cyl? inder and a pluralityfho'fresilient arms located Within said grooiles, the outer ext-remis ties of said arms being externally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces, whereby a compact, spheroidal, external surface is formed, and the inner portions olc said extremities being provided vwith outwardly converging Walls adapted tol receive blows from said piston..

8'. ln a percussire tube-lining tool, a pneumatic tool cylinder formed with a plurality ot longitudinally extendirnc,- external radial grooves, a hammering piston Within the cyl inder, a plurality/ot resilient arms fitted within the grooves in the cylimfler` the outer extremities or' which are externally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces, whereby a compact, spheroidal, external hammer sur face is formed, the inner portions oit' said extremities being formed with outwardly converging Walls adapted to receive blows from said piston, and means Afor detachably connecting the inner extremities ot' the arms to the tool. Y

9. In a percussive tube-liningf toch-a pneumatic tool cylinder formed with a plurality of longitudinally extending external radial grooves, a hammering piston Within the cylinder formed with a conical striking surface, and a plurality of resilient arms fitted Within said grooves` the outer entreiini` ties or' which are externally formed' into colloidal segmental surfaces and 'internally into outwardly converging Walls adapted to be hit by said piston, whereby a compact. spheroidal, external hammer surface and converging internal Walls are formed.

V10i. ln a pereussive tube-lining,r tool, a pneumatic tool cylinder formed With a plurality of longitudinally extending' external radial grooves, aham'merinc; 'piston Within the cylinder 'formed with a conical 'striking surface, a plurality of resilientarrns itted within said grooves, the outer extremities 'of which are externally formed into conically curved segmental surfaces and internally into coni/'erging walls adapted to be impacted upon by the conical striking sur face of said piston, whereby a compact, spheroidal external hammer surface 'and converging internal surfaces are formed, andl means Jfor detachably connectingr the inner extremities of the arms to the tool.

l1. In `a permissive tubelining tool, a de* tachable hammer comprising' a resilient shank and an outer segmental colloidal terminal hammer head.

l2. ln a percussive tube-lining tool, a detachable hammer comprising a resilient shank and an Youter segmental conically curved terminal head and an internally converging inner surface.

13. ,in apercussive tube-lining tool, a de tachable hammer 'comprising a resilient shank and an outer segmental conically curved terminal. hammer head, the latter having a coniei'ging, inner, longitudinal extending wall and inwardly converging side Walls., y

1.. ln a percussive tube-lining tool, a oletachable hammer comprising a resilient shank and an Vouter segmental conically curved terminal head, and an inner offset tongue.

l5. .ln a percussiye tube-lining tool, a detachable Vhammer comprising a resilient shank, an outer segmental conically curved terminal head, an internal converging inner surface, and an. inner offset tongue.

16. ln 'a tube lining tool of the character described, a plurality of resilient arms, the outer extremities of which are externally formed into conoidal segmental surfaces,

whereby a compact spheroidal hammer surv face is termed, meansv for supporting' said arms, and* reciprocating means impacting against the inner Walls of said outer er; tremities oi said arms whereby the latter 'are rapidly Vibra'ted against the inner surface of the liningl member.

VVLLIAM, BURLlNGHAllL Viitnesses z GEORGE A. PARKER, MCG. lauren.

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