US1658669A - Thermal responsive device - Google Patents

Thermal responsive device Download PDF

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Publication number
US1658669A
US1658669A US172537A US17253727A US1658669A US 1658669 A US1658669 A US 1658669A US 172537 A US172537 A US 172537A US 17253727 A US17253727 A US 17253727A US 1658669 A US1658669 A US 1658669A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strips
bimetallic
responsive device
thermal responsive
current
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Expired - Lifetime
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US172537A
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Cohn Alfred
Muller Kurt
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication of US1658669A publication Critical patent/US1658669A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element

Definitions

  • This invention relates to thermal responsive devices, particularly current conducting bimetallic actuating mechanisms for overload relays, circuit interrupter trips, mlgasuring or indicating instruments or the li e. 6
  • the principal object of the invention is to provide an actuating mechanism of the above character having an improved construction of the bimetallic strips that permits a more secure mounting thereof as well as facilitates the connection thereof in an electric circuit and in addition enablgs a powerful rotary movement to be obtained directly from the bimetallic strips.
  • Bimetallic strips of the ordinary construction which are traversed by current and which serve for producing movements for thermal overload current relays, releases, measuring or indicator instruments, have the. disadvantage that the strips can only be firmly secured at one end'while the other end which bends out under the influence of the heating must be provided with a flexible thereof.
  • the arrangement of the present invention has the further advantage that it also supplies rotary movements without any auxiliary means. Moreover the power of the movement produced with the same overall length of construction under conditions which are otherwise equal, is con siderably greater with the improved construction of-the present invention than in the case of a single or U-shaped slit strip.
  • Fig. l is a plan view of a thermal responsive actuating mechanism showing schematically the arrangement of the current conducting bimetallic strips in accordance with a preferred form of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating more in detail the construction of the thermal responsive actuating mechanism of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically a modified form of actuating mechanism which is illustrated more in detail n Fig. 4
  • Fig. 5 shows a further modification involving a plurality of bime talhc strips in cooperating relation.
  • the preferred arrangement in accordance w th the invention consists, as indicated in Fig. l, of two bimetallic strips Z or 1" which are disposed in overlapping spaced relation and connected in series circuit relation by the connecting piece a which is of c0nducting material and hence traversed. by current.
  • the strip Z to the lower end of which is fastened'the' current connecting terminal a may, for example, bend to the left, that is tosay, on becoming heated its upper end f flexes to the left; on the other hand the strip 7' which carries its connecting terminal I; at the upper end may bend to the right. that is, itslower end you becoming heated flexes to the right.
  • the whole bimetallic formation may be traversed by current, for example, in the direction of the arrow.
  • the conditions as regards length and position of the bimetallic strips Z and r and of the connecting piece a are so chosen that on the bending of the ends ⁇ 1 and f whichat least in the range of temperatures coming into practical considerationdescribe approximately an arc, the distance apart of f, g is practically always the same so that no tensile or compressive stresses worth mentioning occur in the parts l, 1 or 'c.
  • Fig. 1 shows the strips in the bent position whilst in the case of normal temperature they lie approximately in the direction of the main axis shown in dotted lines.
  • the bisecting axis h of the connecting piece 0 is then the centre of a circular movement and can transmit the latter without any further auxiliary means on to a pointer, contact arm, or releasing lever.
  • Fig. 2 shows more in detail the practical form of construction of this combination, the letters having the same signification as inFig. 1.
  • the connection between the strips land 1' on the one hand and the connecting piece a on the other can be effected by the rivet connections and k as indicated in the drawing; I
  • bimetallic strips Z' and 1 are butt connected with their connecting pieces m and n.
  • thermo responsive device comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bimetallic strips, each having one end fixed, and a member rotatably supported by the other ends of said strips.
  • combination comprising a pair of opposite-' ly flexing bimetallic strips disposed in overlapping spaced relation and a member extending between the overlapping ends of said strips and secured thereto to be rotated about an axis intermediate its ends upon simultaneous flexure of the strips.
  • a thermal current responsive device comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bimetallic strips, each having a circuit connecting terminal at one end thereof, and
  • a rotatable current conducting member elec' trically and mechanically interconnecting the other ends of said strips.
  • a thermal current responsive device V comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bi- KURT MULLER.

Description

Feb. 7, 1928.
A. COHN ET AL THERMAL RESPONSIVE .DEV'ICE Filed March 5, 1927 Inventors AlFPed Cohn,
Kurt Muller,
www-
Thei r Attorney.
Patented Feb. 7, 19 28. I
UNITED STATES v v V 1,666,669 PATENT OFFICE.
ALFRED COHN, or CHARLOTTENBURG, AND KURT MULLER, or FRIEDENAU, GER- MANY, ASSIGNORS T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION on NEW YORK.
THERMAL REsroNswE DEVICE.
Application filed March 3, 1927, Serial No. 172,537, and in Germany June 2, 1926.
This invention relates to thermal responsive devices, particularly current conducting bimetallic actuating mechanisms for overload relays, circuit interrupter trips, mlgasuring or indicating instruments or the li e. 6
The principal object of the invention is to provide an actuating mechanism of the above character having an improved construction of the bimetallic strips that permits a more secure mounting thereof as well as facilitates the connection thereof in an electric circuit and in addition enablgs a powerful rotary movement to be obtained directly from the bimetallic strips.
Bimetallic strips of the ordinary construction which are traversed by current and which serve for producing movements for thermal overload current relays, releases, measuring or indicator instruments, have the. disadvantage that the strips can only be firmly secured at one end'while the other end which bends out under the influence of the heating must be provided with a flexible thereof.
currentconnection. Such flexible connections, particularly for high current strengths form an element of construction both inconvenient and unreliable. Now, it is known that this flexible connection can be avoided by slitting a bimetallic strip U-shaped and by conducting the current through the U arms connected in series and provided with fixed connecting pieces. This entails, however, on theonehand, waste of material because the sawed out piece of the expensive bimetallic material cannot .be further utilized, and on the other hand, it is not applicable where the construction requires that the longitudinal axis of, the bimetallic formation bein alignment with the conductor with the connecting terminals at the opposite ends The present invention provides a'practical arrangement for overcoming the difficulties noted above. The arrangement of the present invention has the further advantage that it also supplies rotary movements without any auxiliary means. Moreover the power of the movement produced with the same overall length of construction under conditions which are otherwise equal, is con siderably greater with the improved construction of-the present invention than in the case of a single or U-shaped slit strip.
Inthe accompanying drawing, Fig. l is a plan view of a thermal responsive actuating mechanism showing schematically the arrangement of the current conducting bimetallic strips in accordance with a preferred form of the invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating more in detail the construction of the thermal responsive actuating mechanism of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows schematically a modified form of actuating mechanism which is illustrated more in detail n Fig. 4; and Fig. 5 shows a further modification involving a plurality of bime talhc strips in cooperating relation.
The preferred arrangement in accordance w th the invention consists, as indicated in Fig. l, of two bimetallic strips Z or 1" which are disposed in overlapping spaced relation and connected in series circuit relation by the connecting piece a which is of c0nducting material and hence traversed. by current. The strip Z to the lower end of which is fastened'the' current connecting terminal a may, for example, bend to the left, that is tosay, on becoming heated its upper end f flexes to the left; on the other hand the strip 7' which carries its connecting terminal I; at the upper end may bend to the right. that is, itslower end you becoming heated flexes to the right. With the two ends 7 and g electrically connected with one another by the strip 0, the whole bimetallic formation may be traversed by current, for example, in the direction of the arrow. The conditions as regards length and position of the bimetallic strips Z and r and of the connecting piece a are so chosen that on the bending of the ends {1 and f whichat least in the range of temperatures coming into practical considerationdescribe approximately an arc, the distance apart of f, g is practically always the same so that no tensile or compressive stresses worth mentioning occur in the parts l, 1 or 'c. Fig. 1 shows the strips in the bent position whilst in the case of normal temperature they lie approximately in the direction of the main axis shown in dotted lines. The bisecting axis h of the connecting piece 0 is then the centre of a circular movement and can transmit the latter without any further auxiliary means on to a pointer, contact arm, or releasing lever. v
Fig. 2 shows more in detail the practical form of construction of this combination, the letters having the same signification as inFig. 1. The connection between the strips land 1' on the one hand and the connecting piece a on the other can be effected by the rivet connections and k as indicated in the drawing; I
Another advantageous effect is obtained if, corresponding to Figs. 3 and 4, in place of the plain conducting connecting piece a a bimetallic strip 0 is inserted. In the figures there is represented a bimetallic strip 0 bending to the left and serving as a connect- I ing piece between the strips Z1 and 1". With this arrangement the bending of the bimetallic end f is considerably greater than in the arrangement previously described because the end f is also pressed towards the left by the connectingjstrip 0.
In place of individual bimetallic strips several placed beside each other can be used so that a bundle formation is obtained as shown in Fig. 5. Preferably the corresponding bimetallic strips Z' and 1", in this case are butt connected with their connecting pieces m and n.
'W hat we claim s new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:-
1. In a thermal responsive device, the combination comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bimetallic strips, each having one end fixed, and a member rotatably supported by the other ends of said strips.
2. In a thermal responsive device, the
combination comprising a pair of opposite-' ly flexing bimetallic strips disposed in overlapping spaced relation and a member extending between the overlapping ends of said strips and secured thereto to be rotated about an axis intermediate its ends upon simultaneous flexure of the strips.
3. In a thermal responsive device, the
combination comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bimetallic strips disposed in overlapping spaced relation, and a bimetallic member mechanically interconnecting the overlapping ends of said strips 4. A thermal current responsive device comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bimetallic strips, each having a circuit connecting terminal at one end thereof, and
a rotatable current conducting member elec' trically and mechanically interconnecting the other ends of said strips.
5. A thermal current responsive device V comprising a pair of oppositely flexing bi- KURT MULLER.
US172537A 1926-06-02 1927-03-03 Thermal responsive device Expired - Lifetime US1658669A (en)

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3670280A (en) * 1969-12-19 1972-06-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Circuit breaker
US5909078A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-06-01 Mcnc Thermal arched beam microelectromechanical actuators
US5962949A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-10-05 Mcnc Microelectromechanical positioning apparatus
US5994816A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-11-30 Mcnc Thermal arched beam microelectromechanical devices and associated fabrication methods
US6137206A (en) * 1999-03-23 2000-10-24 Cronos Integrated Microsystems, Inc. Microelectromechanical rotary structures
US6211598B1 (en) 1999-09-13 2001-04-03 Jds Uniphase Inc. In-plane MEMS thermal actuator and associated fabrication methods
US6218762B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-04-17 Mcnc Multi-dimensional scalable displacement enabled microelectromechanical actuator structures and arrays
US6236139B1 (en) 1999-02-26 2001-05-22 Jds Uniphase Inc. Temperature compensated microelectromechanical structures and related methods
US6255757B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2001-07-03 Jds Uniphase Inc. Microactuators including a metal layer on distal portions of an arched beam
US6275320B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-08-14 Jds Uniphase, Inc. MEMS variable optical attenuator
US6291922B1 (en) 1999-08-25 2001-09-18 Jds Uniphase, Inc. Microelectromechanical device having single crystalline components and metallic components
US6574958B1 (en) 1999-08-12 2003-06-10 Nanomuscle, Inc. Shape memory alloy actuators and control methods
US6590313B2 (en) 1999-02-26 2003-07-08 Memscap S.A. MEMS microactuators located in interior regions of frames having openings therein and methods of operating same
US20040028951A1 (en) * 2002-05-08 2004-02-12 Sakari Ruppi Enhanced alumina layer produced by CVD
US20040035108A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-02-26 Andrei Szilagyi Actuator for two angular degrees of freedom
US20040112049A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-06-17 Behrens Peter Emery Von High stroke, highly integrated SMA actuators
US20040256920A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-12-23 Gummin Mark A. Shape memory alloy actuators
US20040261688A1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-12-30 Macgregor Roderick Gauge pointer with integrated shape memory alloy actuator
US6972659B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2005-12-06 Alfmeier Praezision Ag Reusable shape memory alloy activated latch
US6981374B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2006-01-03 Alfmeier Prazision Ag SMA actuator with improved temperature control
US20060157659A1 (en) * 2003-04-28 2006-07-20 Macgregor Roderick Flow control assemblies having integrally formed shape memory alloy actuators
US20070277877A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2007-12-06 Ali Ghorbal System, method and apparatus for reducing frictional forces and for compensating shape memory alloy-actuated valves and valve systems at high temperatures
US20110088387A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2011-04-21 Von Behrens Peter E Methods of manufacturing highly integrated SMA actuators
US8402561B2 (en) 2009-10-15 2013-03-19 Icspi Corp. MEMS actuator device with integrated temperature sensors
US11460010B1 (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-10-04 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. SMC integrated bi-stable strips for remote actuation

Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3670280A (en) * 1969-12-19 1972-06-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Circuit breaker
US6324748B1 (en) 1996-12-16 2001-12-04 Jds Uniphase Corporation Method of fabricating a microelectro mechanical structure having an arched beam
US5909078A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-06-01 Mcnc Thermal arched beam microelectromechanical actuators
US5962949A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-10-05 Mcnc Microelectromechanical positioning apparatus
US5994816A (en) * 1996-12-16 1999-11-30 Mcnc Thermal arched beam microelectromechanical devices and associated fabrication methods
US6023121A (en) * 1996-12-16 2000-02-08 Mcnc Thermal arched beam microelectromechanical structure
US6114794A (en) * 1996-12-16 2000-09-05 Cronos Integrated Microsystems, Inc. Thermal arched beam microelectromechanical valve
US6236139B1 (en) 1999-02-26 2001-05-22 Jds Uniphase Inc. Temperature compensated microelectromechanical structures and related methods
US6596147B2 (en) 1999-02-26 2003-07-22 Memscap S.A. Methods of overplating surfaces of microelectromechanical structure
US6590313B2 (en) 1999-02-26 2003-07-08 Memscap S.A. MEMS microactuators located in interior regions of frames having openings therein and methods of operating same
US6137206A (en) * 1999-03-23 2000-10-24 Cronos Integrated Microsystems, Inc. Microelectromechanical rotary structures
US6218762B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2001-04-17 Mcnc Multi-dimensional scalable displacement enabled microelectromechanical actuator structures and arrays
US6574958B1 (en) 1999-08-12 2003-06-10 Nanomuscle, Inc. Shape memory alloy actuators and control methods
US20040261411A1 (en) * 1999-08-12 2004-12-30 Macgregor Roderick Shape-memory alloy actuators and control methods
US6291922B1 (en) 1999-08-25 2001-09-18 Jds Uniphase, Inc. Microelectromechanical device having single crystalline components and metallic components
US6628039B2 (en) 1999-08-25 2003-09-30 Memscap, S.A. Microelectromechanical device having single crystalline components and metallic components
US6386507B2 (en) 1999-09-01 2002-05-14 Jds Uniphase Corporation Microelectromechanical valves including single crystalline material components
US6255757B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2001-07-03 Jds Uniphase Inc. Microactuators including a metal layer on distal portions of an arched beam
US6211598B1 (en) 1999-09-13 2001-04-03 Jds Uniphase Inc. In-plane MEMS thermal actuator and associated fabrication methods
US6275320B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-08-14 Jds Uniphase, Inc. MEMS variable optical attenuator
US7256518B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2007-08-14 Gummin Mark A Shape memory alloy actuators
US20040256920A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-12-23 Gummin Mark A. Shape memory alloy actuators
US6981374B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2006-01-03 Alfmeier Prazision Ag SMA actuator with improved temperature control
US20040035108A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-02-26 Andrei Szilagyi Actuator for two angular degrees of freedom
US7117673B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2006-10-10 Alfmeier Prazision Ag Baugruppen Und Systemlosungen Actuator for two angular degrees of freedom
US6972659B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2005-12-06 Alfmeier Praezision Ag Reusable shape memory alloy activated latch
US20040112049A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-06-17 Behrens Peter Emery Von High stroke, highly integrated SMA actuators
US7017345B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2006-03-28 Alfmeier Prazision Ag Baugruppen And Systemlosungen High stroke, highly integrated SMA actuators
US8127543B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2012-03-06 Alfmeier Prazision Ag Baugruppen Und Systemlosungen Methods of manufacturing highly integrated SMA actuators
US20110088387A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2011-04-21 Von Behrens Peter E Methods of manufacturing highly integrated SMA actuators
US20040028951A1 (en) * 2002-05-08 2004-02-12 Sakari Ruppi Enhanced alumina layer produced by CVD
US7093817B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2006-08-22 Alfmeier Prazision Ag Baugruppen Und Systemlosungen Flow control assemblies having integrally formed shape memory alloy actuators
US7350762B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2008-04-01 Alfmeier Präzision Baugruppen und Systemlösungen Flow control assemblies having integrally formed shape memory alloy actuators
US20060157659A1 (en) * 2003-04-28 2006-07-20 Macgregor Roderick Flow control assemblies having integrally formed shape memory alloy actuators
US20040261688A1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-12-30 Macgregor Roderick Gauge pointer with integrated shape memory alloy actuator
US7082890B2 (en) 2003-05-02 2006-08-01 Alfmeier Prazision Ag Baugruppen Und Systemlosungen Gauge pointer with integrated shape memory alloy actuator
US20070277877A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2007-12-06 Ali Ghorbal System, method and apparatus for reducing frictional forces and for compensating shape memory alloy-actuated valves and valve systems at high temperatures
US7748405B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2010-07-06 Alfmeler Prazision AG Baugruppen und Systemlosungen System, method and apparatus for reducing frictional forces and for compensating shape memory alloy-actuated valves and valve systems at high temperatures
US8402561B2 (en) 2009-10-15 2013-03-19 Icspi Corp. MEMS actuator device with integrated temperature sensors
US11460010B1 (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-10-04 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. SMC integrated bi-stable strips for remote actuation

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