US20030192914A1 - Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device - Google Patents
Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device Download PDFInfo
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- US20030192914A1 US20030192914A1 US10/420,898 US42089803A US2003192914A1 US 20030192914 A1 US20030192914 A1 US 20030192914A1 US 42089803 A US42089803 A US 42089803A US 2003192914 A1 US2003192914 A1 US 2003192914A1
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- lens
- inspection
- piston
- imaging device
- syringe
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/8483—Investigating reagent band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
- B01F33/453—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using supported or suspended stirring elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
- B01F33/453—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using supported or suspended stirring elements
- B01F33/4534—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using supported or suspended stirring elements using a rod for supporting the stirring element, e.g. stirrer sliding on a rod or mounted on a rod sliding in a tube
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/20—Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising
- B05B15/25—Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising using moving elements, e.g. rotating blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
- B05C11/1021—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target responsive to presence or shape of target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0207—Details of measuring devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0207—Details of measuring devices
- G01M11/0214—Details of devices holding the object to be tested
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0221—Testing optical properties by determining the optical axis or position of lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0242—Testing optical properties by measuring geometrical properties or aberrations
- G01M11/0257—Testing optical properties by measuring geometrical properties or aberrations by analyzing the image formed by the object to be tested
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/958—Inspecting transparent materials or objects, e.g. windscreens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
- B01F27/1125—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades with vanes or blades extending parallel or oblique to the stirrer axis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N2021/9511—Optical elements other than lenses, e.g. mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/958—Inspecting transparent materials or objects, e.g. windscreens
- G01N2021/9583—Lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/892—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles characterised by the flaw, defect or object feature examined
- G01N21/896—Optical defects in or on transparent materials, e.g. distortion, surface flaws in conveyed flat sheet or rod
Definitions
- the stirrers have the same configuration, and have a plurality of magnets embedded therein symmetrically about the rotary axis of the stirrers, whereas the stirrer driving devices generate magnetic fields that cause the stirrers to rotate. At least one of the stirrers is continuously rotated on one side of the piston, into which the liquid is being sucked.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the fluid dispenser of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a sequence of a normal mode of the lubricant coating system
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a scratch detector of the taking lens inspection system of FIG. 17;
- the second and fourth ports 29 and 31 are connected to the four-way switching valve 12 through Teflon tubes.
- To the four-way switching valve 12 are also connected the supply tank 15 and the needle valve 17 through Teflon tubes.
- the four-way switching valve 12 is switched over between a forth movement position as shown in FIG. 2, and a back movement position as shown in FIG. 3. While the piston rod 25 is being moved forward, the four-way switching valve 12 is switched to the forth movement position where the fourth port 31 is connected to the supply tank 15 , and the second port 29 is connected to the needle valve 17 .
- either of the two-way switching valves 13 and 14 is reset to the closed position, and the four-directional switching actuator 35 is driven to switch the four-way switching valve 12 to the other position than before, i.e., to the back movement position in this instance, as shown in FIG. 3.
- the second port 29 that has functioned as an ejection port in the preceding dispensing operation is changed to a sucking port.
- the imaging device 120 is constituted of a CCD image sensor 124 having photo sensor cells, called pixels, arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, a close-up ring 125 and an image forming lens 126 that are attached to the front of the CCD image sensor 124 .
- the taking lens 114 is positioned such that an optical axis C of the taking lens 114 coincides with an optical axis of the image forming lens 126 and centers of the close-up ring 125 and the CCD image sensor 124 .
- the extraneous object discriminator 140 calculates a mean value of tonal levels (an average tonal level) of those pixels which belong to the same segment 143 .
- each segment 143 severs as an unit section of the inspection range 144 . If a difference between the average tonal levels of adjacent two of the segments 143 is above “120”, the extraneous object discriminator 140 judges that some extraneous object is put on the taking lens 114 . When the difference in the average tonal level between the adjacent segments 143 is less than “120” with respect to every segment, the extraneous object discriminator 140 judges that there is no extraneous object on the taking lens 114 .
- the threshold value of the difference between the average tonal levels of the adjacent segments 143 for judgement in the extraneous object discriminator 140 is set at “120” in the present embodiment, the threshold value may be modified appropriately according to the required inspection accuracy.
- the size of the segments 143 may also be modified appropriately according to the fineness of the extraneous objects to detect.
Abstract
A fluid dispenser dispenses a fluid alternately from one of a pair of ports (29,31) that are provided on opposite ends of a syringe (26) by moving a piston (42) back and forth inside the syringe. A pair of stirrers (47,48) are provided in the syringe on opposite axial sides of the piston. The stirrers may each individually rotate on an axis that extends in parallel with the moving direction of the piston. A pair of stirrer driving rings (49,50) are mounted on an outer periphery of the syringe in correspondence with the stirrers. Magnets (55,56,59,60) are embedded in the stirrers and the stirrer driving rings such that the stirrer is rotated by magnetic fields that are generated from the stirrer driving ring, as the stirrer driving ring is rotated by a motor (51,52).
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a fluid dispenser that dispenses liquid or fluid from a container, called a syringe, by rising internal pressure of the syringe by a piston. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fluid dispenser for a lubricant containing solid materials, especially for a lubricant sprayed on a reused shutter mechanism before inspecting the shutter speed. The present invention relates also to a lens inspection system, especially for use in recycling reused lenses.
- 2. Background Arts
- An exemplar of a well-known dispenser is disclosed in Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 10-309456, that has a syringe partitioned by a piston into two chambers. By driving the piston to reciprocate inside the syringe, a liquid contained in the syringe is dispensed alternately from both chambers. While the liquid is being ejected from one of the chambers, the other chamber is being supplemented with the liquid. Thus, the dispenser of this type can dispense the liquid in continuous succession. Where the liquid to dispense is a lubricant that contains solid components, the lubricant must continually be mixed or agitated for keeping the liquid density constant, because the solid components would otherwise precipitate. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a mixing mechanism in the syringe in that case.
- Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 10-146553 discloses an adhesive coating apparatus, wherein a mixing device is provided in a syringe for keeping the viscosity of a fluid adhesive material constant. The syringe has an ejection port on the bottom side. The fluid adhesive material is pushed by compressed air toward the ejection port, to be ejected from the ejection port. The mixing device is constituted of an agitating propeller mounted on one end of a drive shaft. The other end of the drive shaft protrudes outside the syringe through a top opening thereof, and is driven to rotate the propeller by an external driving force.
- Introducing such a mixing device into the above mentioned dispenser involves a problem that the drive shaft would interfere with a piston rod. To avoid this problem, the drive shaft must be inserted into the syringe through a different position from where the piston rod is inserted. Then a complicated sealing device would be needed for closing a clearance between the drive shaft and the syringe, and thus increases the cost of the dispenser.
- In view of the foregoing, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid dispenser that can successively dispense a liquid while mixing the liquid continuously in a syringe, has a simple structure and may be manufactured at a low cost.
- According to an aspect of the present invention, in a fluid dispenser having a syringe with ports on opposite ends thereof, a piston movable inside said syringe back and forth, and a supply tank being connectable alternately to one of said ports depending upon moving direction of said piston, said fluid dispenser dispensing a fluid from one of said ports that is located on the end of said syringe toward which said piston is moving, while sucking the fluid from said supply tank into said syringe through the other of said ports, the fluid dispenser is characterized by comprising: a pair of stirrers provided respectively in the chambers, the stirrers being rotatable on a rotary axis that extends parallel to the moving direction of the piston; and a pair of stirrer driving devices disposed on an outer periphery of the syringe in correspondence with the stirrers, for driving the stirrers to rotate each individually by a magnetic force.
- Since the stirrers are rotated by the magnetic force, there is no problem about the interference of a drive shaft for the stirrer with a piston rod.
- The stirrers have the same configuration, and have a plurality of magnets embedded therein symmetrically about the rotary axis of the stirrers, whereas the stirrer driving devices generate magnetic fields that cause the stirrers to rotate. At least one of the stirrers is continuously rotated on one side of the piston, into which the liquid is being sucked.
- A piston rod that moves together with the piston extends from opposite end faces of the piston concentrically with the piston and the syringe, and the piston is moved by a piston driving device that is coupled to an end of the piston rod. According to a preferred embodiment, the stirrers are mounted on the piston rod so as to be able to rotate around and slide along the piston rod. In this embodiment, the stirrers are kept in the same axial positions in the syringe by the magnetic forces of the stirrer driving device, even while the piston rod is being moved back and forth together with the piston.
- The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when read in association with the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and thus are not limiting the present invention. In the drawings, like reference numerals designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and wherein:
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating essential parts of a lubricant coating system provided with a fluid dispenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the lubricant coating system of FIG. 1 in a position at the end of a forward movement of a piston;
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the lubricant coating system of FIG. 1 in a position at the start of dispensing operation by a backward movement of the piston;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional perspective view of the fluid dispenser of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the fluid dispenser of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a stirrer provided in a syringe of the fluid dispenser;
- FIG. 7 is a sectional perspective view of the stirrer;
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the dispenser taken along a line VIII-VIII of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating an automatic operation sequence of the lubricant coating system;
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a sequence of a normal mode of the lubricant coating system;
- FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating a piston turning operation of the lubricant coating system;
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the lubricant coating system of FIG. 1 in a drip prevention step of the piston turning operation;
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the lubricant coating system of FIG. 1 in a venting step of the piston turning operation;
- FIG. 14 is a flow chart illustrating a sequence of a standby mode of the lubricant coating system;
- FIG. 15 is a flow chart illustrating a sequence of a recovery operation from the standby mode to the normal mode;
- FIG. 16 is a fragmentary sectional view of a stirrer and a stirrer driving device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a taking lens inspection system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a scratch detector of the taking lens inspection system of FIG. 17;
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of an extraneous object detector of the taking lens inspection system of FIG. 18;
- FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating the scratch detector of FIG. 18;
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram illustrating optical paths of inspection light projected onto a lens having no scratch in the scratch detector of FIG. 18;
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram illustrating optical paths of inspection light projected onto a lens having a scratch in the scratch detector of FIG. 18;
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a light area in a dark field image of the lens;
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory sectional diagram illustrating the extraneous object detector of FIG. 19;
- FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram illustrating optical paths of inspection light projected onto a lens having no scratch in the extraneous object detector of FIG. 19;
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram illustrating optical paths of inspection light projected onto a lens having a scratch in the extraneous object detector of FIG. 19;
- FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram illustrating unit sections of an inspection range of an imaging device of the extraneous object detector of FIG. 19;
- FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating an overall sequence of a taking lens inspection process included in a process of recycling taking lenses of lens-fitted photo film unit; and
- FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram illustrating another pattern of unit sections of the inspection range of the imaging device of the extraneous object detector.
- In FIG. 1, a
lubricant coating system 10 is constituted of acollection tank 11, a four-way switching valve 12, two-way switching valves supply tank 15, adispenser 16, aneedle valve 17 and other minor elements. Thedispenser 16 makes a dispensing operation to put a constant amount of lubricant on an object tocoat 18 through theneedle valve 17. In this instance, the lubricant is highly volatile and contains solid components. - The object to
coat 18 is placed in a predetermined posture on apallet 19 and conveyed along aconveyer line 20. In a coating station, thepallet 19 is positioned by a positioning device, and thedispenser 16 is activated upon receipt of an end-of-positioning signal from the positioning device, to make the dispensing operation. Theneedle valve 17 is disposed with itsnozzle 17 a directed to a coating portion of theobject 18. After the coating of theobject 18 is finished, the positioning device releases the object upon receipt of an end-of-coating signal, so thecoated object 18 is conveyed to the next process, and the object tocoat 18 is moved in the coating process. - As shown in FIG. 2, the
needle valve 17 is provided with a on-offvalve 17 b for opening and closing thenozzle 17 a. The on-offvalve 17 b is actuated by compressed air that is supplied from acompressor 21. The on-offvalve 17 b is usually set open. Acleaning mechanism 22 is disposed in the vicinity of thenozzle 17 a. Thecleaning mechanism 22 uses the compressed air from thecompressor 21, for blowing off the lubricant that is stuck to thenozzle 17 a. - Referring back to FIG. 1, the
dispenser 16 is provided with arod driving actuator 24, apiston rod 25 and asyringe 26, and controls the amount of movement of thepiston rod 25 in one or another direction, to decide the amount of lubricant to be ejected through theneedle valve 17. Therod driving actuator 24 consists of a driving device, such as a pulse motor, and a converter that converts a rotary force of the driving device into reciprocation. - As shown in FIG. 2, a
piston 42 is securely mounted on thepiston rod 25, and is moved back and forth inside thesyringe 26, when thepiston rod 25 is driven by therod driving actuator 24. Thus, therod driving actuator 24 may be called a piston driving device. Thesyringe 26 is provided with first tofourth ports syringe 26 to the outside. The first andsecond ports piston 42, whereas the third andfourth ports piston 42. The first andthird ports syringe 26, whereas the second andfourth ports syringe 26 in opposition to the first andthird ports - The first and
third ports way switching valves way switching valves collection tank 11 through Teflon tubes, and are switched over between an open position and a closed position by means of switchingactuators way switching valves third ports collection tank 11. Thecollection tank 11 is a hermetic tank with a pressure regulation valve, and accepts air bubbles together with the lubricant when they are ejected from thesyringe 26 for venting the air out of thesyringe 26. Thus, the first andthird ports - The second and
fourth ports way switching valve 12 through Teflon tubes. To the four-way switching valve 12 are also connected thesupply tank 15 and theneedle valve 17 through Teflon tubes. The four-way switching valve 12 is switched over between a forth movement position as shown in FIG. 2, and a back movement position as shown in FIG. 3. While thepiston rod 25 is being moved forward, the four-way switching valve 12 is switched to the forth movement position where thefourth port 31 is connected to thesupply tank 15, and thesecond port 29 is connected to theneedle valve 17. While thepiston rod 25 is being moved backward, the four-way switching valve 12 is switched to the back movement position, and connects thesecond port 29 to thesupply tank 15 and connects thefourth port 31 to theneedle valve 17. The four-way switching valve 12 is switched by driving a four-directional switching actuator 35. - The
supply tank 15 is a hermetic tank with a pressure regulation valve, and contains the lubricant. Amixing mechanism 38 is provided inside thesupply tank 15, for mixing the lubricant to keep the density of the lubricant constant. Themixing mechanism 38 for thesupply tank 15 has a magnet stirrer structure. The above described mechanisms, actuators and other elements are controlled totally by acontrol section 40. It is to be noted that the Teflon tubes may be replaced by another type of tubes, such as plastic tubes or metal tubes, insofar as the tube material is suitable for the properties of the lubricant. Thesupply tank 15 is disposed in a higher position than thecollection tank 11. - As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the
syringe 26 is of a cylindrical shape, and is held horizontal. Thesyringe 26 has a symmetric internal structure about a center plane including center axes of thecylindrical ports 28 to 31. Thesyringe 26 has an internal diameter that is approximately equal to an external diameter of thepiston 42 at least in a range L in which thepiston 42 is moved back and forth. An O-ring 43 is put around thepiston 42 at a center position in the axial direction, so as to close the clearance between the outer periphery of thepiston 42 and the inner periphery of thesyringe 26.Large diameter sections piston 42 are formed on opposite sides of thepiston 42. Thelarge diameter sections piston 42. The first andsecond ports large diameter section 44 respectively. The third andfourth ports large diameter sections 45 respectively. - The
dispenser 16 is also provided with a mixing mechanism for mixing or stirring the lubricant in thesyringe 26, to keep ratio of components constant. The mixing mechanism is constituted of a pair ofstirrers actuators stirrers blades internal magnets stirrers piston rod 25 between thepiston 42 and thelarge diameter sections stirrers piston rod 25 as well. Thus, thepiston rod 25 is driven to move thepiston 42 back and forth between thestirrers syringe 26 by friction between thestirrer syringe 26, thestirrers syringe 26. - The stirrer drive rings49 and 50 are disposed on the
syringe 26 in those positions around thestirrers syringe holder 58, such that the stirrer drive rings 49 and 50 may rotate around thesyringe 26. The stirrer drive rings 49 and 50 are driven to rotate when driving forces are transmitted from the stirringactuators gears internal magnets stirrers magnets stirrers magnets stirrers - Referring to FIG. 6, each of the
stirrers hole 62 formed through along the axial direction thereof, for putting thepiston rod 25 through thehole 62. The stirringblades stirrers stirrers piston rod 25. The threestirring blades hole 62 at intervals of 120°. Thestirrers piston rod 25 in the opposite directions from each other, with theirstirring blades large diameter sections - As shown in FIG. 7, the
magnets cavities 63 which are formed inside thestirrer stirrer stirrer cavities 63, three of which are arranged radially around the center axis at intervals of 120°, and other threes are located on one side of these three cavities in the axial direction of thepiston rod 25 in one-to-one alignment with the former three cavities. Themagnets cavities 63 throughholes 64 which are formed through the outer peripheries of thestirrers cavities 64. Themagnets stirrer - The stirrer drive rings49 and 50 have the same structure. As shown in FIG. 8, the
magnets magnets magnets stirrer drive ring piston rod 25 in one-to-one alignment with the former three magnets. Polarities of themagnets magnets 59 attract themagnets 55, whereas themagnets 60 attract themagnets 56. According to this configuration, thestirrer stirrer drive ring stirrer drive ring stirrer drive ring stirrer drive ring magnets magnets magnets - Now the operation of the above described
lubricant coating system 10 will be briefly described. - The
lubricant coating system 10 automatically operates according to a sequence stored in a memory 70 (see FIG. 1) of thecontrol section 40. There are a normal mode and a standby mode in the sequence, as shown in FIG. 9, and these modes are automatically switched over appropriately depending upon traffic of thepallets 19 on theconveyer line 20. Specifically, the normal mode is executed when thepallets 19 are successively smoothly conveyed, whereas the standby mode is executed when thepallets 19 on theconveyer line 20 get jammed upstream or downstream of the coating station, or when there are not anypallets 19 upstream theconveyer line 20.Sensors pallets 19 on theconveyer line 20. - In the normal mode, the dispensing operation is performed while setting the on-off
valve 17 b of theneedle valve 17 open. As shown in FIG. 10, at the start of the normal mode, it is checked whether the two-way switching valves valves way switching valve 12 is also checked to confirm that the switchingvalve 12 is set in either the forth movement position or the back movement position. - Thereafter, upon receipt of the end-of-positioning signal, the
rod driving actuator 24 is driven to move thepiston rod 25 in one direction by a constant stroke. Then, a corresponding amount of lubricant is ejected through theneedle valve 17, and is put on the object tocoat 18. One of thestirrers syringe 26, e.g. thestirrer 48 in the forth movement of thepiston rod 25, is always rotated, whereas the other stirrer in the ejection side of thesyringe 26 is not rotated. Because thestirrers piston rod 25, thestirrers magnets piston rod 25 is moved in the axial direction. - The
rod driving actuator 24 drives thepiston rod 25 to move in one direction by one stroke each time it receives the end-of-positioning signal, to coat theobject 18 with the constant amount of lubricant. When thepiston rod 25 reaches a terminal of one moving direction, thecontrol section 40 controls therod driving actuator 24 to change the moving direction of thepiston rod 25. Correspondingly, the sucking side and the ejecting side of thesyringe 26 are exchanged, and thestirrer other stirrer - Before starting the dispensing operation in the opposite direction, a piston turning operation is executed. As shown in FIG. 11, the piston turning operation consists of a drip prevention step, a venting step, a valve switching step for the four-
way valve 12, a pre-stroking step, and a nozzle cleaning step. - In the drip preventing step, the switching values12 to 14 stay in the same positions as in the preceding dispensing operation, but the
piston rod 25 and thus thepiston 42 are moved slightly in the opposite direction to the preceding moving direction. Since thepiston rod 25 is first moved forward in the dispensing operation in this instance, the switchingvalve 12 is set in the forth movement position, and the switchingvalves piston rod 25 is moved slightly backward. Thereby, the lubricant is sucked through thesecond port 29 back to thesyringe 26, so the lubricant remaining in thenozzle 17 a is prevented from driping. - The venting step follows the drip prevention step. In the venting step, the
actuator way switching valves valve 14 in this instance, to the open position for a limited time, as shown in FIG. 13. While thevalve 14 is turned open, thepiston rod 25 is moved by a predetermined stroke in the opposite direction to the preceding movement, i.e. in the backward direction in this instance. Since thesupply tank 15 is disposed above thecollection tank 11, the lubricant flows from thesupply tank 15 into thesyringe 26 by itself, as the lubricant flows through theopen valve 14 out of thesyringe 26 into thecollection tank 11, because of the difference in height between thesupply tank 15 and thecollection tank 11. Thereby, bubbles that have been produced in the lubricant because of negative pressure inside thesyringe 26 flow with the lubricant into thecollection tank 11, so the bubbles are eliminated from inside thesyringe 26. The stroke of thepiston rod 25 propels venting the bubbles contained in the lubricant out to thecollection tank 11. The stroke of thepiston rod 25 for the venting step is determined smaller than that for the dispensing operation, but may be equal to or larger than the stroke for the dispensing operation. - Since the first and
third ports large diameter sections syringe 26 or the bubbles generated in thesyringe 26 tend to come together in the top sides of thelarge diameter sections valves piston rod 25. - After the venting step, either of the two-
way switching valves directional switching actuator 35 is driven to switch the four-way switching valve 12 to the other position than before, i.e., to the back movement position in this instance, as shown in FIG. 3. Thereby, thesecond port 29 that has functioned as an ejection port in the preceding dispensing operation is changed to a sucking port. - Thereafter, the pre-stroking step is executed by driving the
rod driving actuator 24 to move thepiston rod 25 and thus thepiston 42 in the backward direction by a small amount. Thereby, bubbles generated by the switching of the four-way switching valve 12 are let out of thesyringe 26, and the lubricant is fed to theneedle valve 17, driving out the air that has been sucked into the needle valve during the drip prevention step. Simultaneously, thecontrol section 40 drives ashift mechanism 70 to insert ananti-sprinkle plate 71 into front of thenozzle 17 a, so that the lubricant from thenozzle 17 a may not be sprinkled. After theshift mechanism 70 retracts theanti-sprinkle plate 71 from the front of thenozzle 17 a, thecleaning mechanism 22 is activated to clear the lubricant off thenozzle 17 a. Thereafter, thepiston rod 25 is moved by the constant stroke in the backward direction to dispense the lubricant. As described so far, since thepiston rod 25 is moved in the same direction in the piston turning operation as in the following dispensing operation, thelubricant coating system 10 can start the dispensing operation immediately. When thepiston rod 25 and thus thepiston 42 reach a terminal in the backward direction, the piston turning operation is executed in the same way as set forth above, while moving thepiston rod 25 in the same direction as in the following dispensing operation. - As long as the normal mode is continued, the above described operations are repeated to put the lubricant on the objects to
coat 18 successively. - Although the
stirring blades piston rod 25 in the present embodiment, it is possible to incline thestirring blades piston rod 25, so as to cause the lubricant to whirl in the axial direction. The stirring blades may be oriented in a perpendicular direction to the axis of thepiston rod 25. The number ofstirring blades magnets - Now the operations in the standby mode will be described. In the standby mode, the
control section 40 keeps on monitoring thesensors lubricant coating system 10 may return to the normal mode as soon as it is allowed. - In the standby mode, as shown in FIG. 14, the stirring
actuators stirrers stirrers syringe 26 at the start of the standby mode continues rotating during the standby mode as in the normal mode. Therefore, strictly speaking, theother stirrer syringe 26. - When a predetermined long time has elapsed from the start of the standby mode, the
piston rod 25 is moved in the opposite direction to the preceding moving direction for the sake of making the same drip preventing operation as described before with respect to the piston turning operation. Thereafter, thevalve member 17 a of theneedle valve 17 is closed, for preventing the lubricant from evaporating. - When the
lubricant coating system 10 returns to the normal mode from the standby mode after thevalve member 17 a is closed, a recovery operation is executed. In the recovery operation, as shown in FIG. 15, the on-offvalve 17 b is opened, and thepiston rod 25 is moved by several strokes, to supply the lubricant to theneedle valve 17, thereby to drive the air out of theneedle valve 17. The number of strokes for this operation is determined such that the lubricant is ejected from thenozzle 17 a without fail. Theshift mechanism 70 is activated during the recovery operation, to insert theanti-sprinkle plate 71 in front of thenozzle 17 a. After theshift mechanism 70 retracts theanti-sprinkle plate 71 from the front of thenozzle 17 a, thecleaning mechanism 22 is activated to clear the lubricant off thenozzle 17 a. Thereafter, thepiston rod 25 is moved by the constant stroke in the backward direction to dispense the lubricant. - In the above embodiment, the
stirrers piston rod 25. According to another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, a ring-like stirrer 83 is fitted in agroove 84 that is provided around an inner periphery of asyringe 82, such that thestirrer 83 may turn around apiston rod 87 while being guided along thegroove 84. Thegroove 84 is formed by a recessed inner peripheral portion of thesyringe 82 and asleeve 88 that is fit in thesyringe 82 from its one end. In this embodiment, a number ofstirring blades 86 are provided at regular intervals on an inner periphery of thestirrer 83 and are protruded radially inward to an extent that the stirringblades 86 will not interfere with thepiston rod 87. As shown in FIG. 16, it is preferable to incline thestirring blades 86 to the axial direction of thepiston rod 87, so as to cause the fluid to whirl in the axial direction in thesyringe 82. - Although the stirrer drive rings49 and 50 that are rotated around the
syringe 26 by the stirringactuators stirrers magnetic coil 80 and acontrol circuit 81 constitute the stirrer driving device. Themagnetic coil 80 is constituted of a plurality of coils that generate rotary magnetic fields at three or four regularly spaced positions around thesyringe 82. Thestirrer 83 has at least twomagnets 85 in diametrically opposite circumferential positions thereof, themagnets 85 generating magnetic fields in the radial directions of thestirrer 83. Thecontrol circuit 81 generates electric current for exciting themagnetic coils 80 in those phases necessary for rotating thestirrer 83. - The
syringe 26 is preferably formed from a non-magnetic material, such as resin, ceramic or glass. As the resin, transparent PFA (perfluoro-alkoxy fluoroplastics) is preferable. Thestirrers - The
lubricant coating system 10 of the above embodiment is preferably applicable to a recycling system of a lens-fitted photo film unit. In that case, a shutter mechanism of a used lens-fitted photo film unit is assumed to be the object tocoat 18. The lens-fitted photo film unit is constituted of a main body that contains a photo filmstrip therein and has exposure mechanisms mounted thereon, and front and rear covers that cover the main body portion from the front and rear sides. The exposure mechanisms include a taking lens, the shutter mechanism, and a winding lock mechanism, and are expected to be reused. As well-known in the art, the shutter mechanism consists of a shutter drive lever, a shutter blade, a shutter charging spring, and a returning spring. The shutter blade usually closes a shutter opening that is located behind the taking lens, and may swing in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the taking lens. The shutter drive lever may rotate on an axis that extends in a vertical direction of the lens-fitted photo film unit, and kicks the shutter blade as it rotates from a charged position to a released position, causing the shutter blade to swing in a direction to open the shutter opening. The shutter charging spring is hooked at one end on a spring holding portion of the shutter drive lever, and at the other end on a portion other than the shutter drive lever, such that the shutter charge spring urges the shutter drive lever to the released position. The returning spring urges the shutter blade to return to the initial position closing the shutter opening. - The used lens-fitted photo film unit is collected and disassembled in a factory for recycling. In the recycling system, some parts are sorted to be recycled as materials, and other parts are reused as it is for assembling a new product. As for the lens-fitted photo film unit, since the main body is covered with the front and rear covers, the main body is little stained or damaged in most cases, so the main body is expected to be reused. Before reusing the main body, the exposure mechanisms are inspected to check if these mechanisms operate properly. According to the inspection, the speed of movement of the shutter blade tends to be changed depending upon under what conditions the collected lens-fitted photo film unit has been used. But it has been found that the variations in the shutter speed can be reduced to a predetermined tolerable range, without exchanging the parts, if only a lubricant is put on the engagement between the one end of the charging spring and the spring holding portion of the shutter drive lever. The
lubricant coating system 10 of the present invention is effectively usable for this purpose. After being coated with the lubricant, the speed of the shutter blade is measured a number of times, to check if the speed variation is in the tolerable range. - As the lubricant, a liquid type lubricant that is composed of an oil component with a high fluidity at a low temperature, and an ultrafine fluoroplastic is suitable for the shutter mechanism. Exemplary of such liquid type lubricant is Dry Surf HF-1800 (trade name), produced by Herves Ltd. This lubricant is called a dry coating lubricant, looks opaque white, has no flash point in the open-cup flash point test, is usable in a range from −30° C. to 120° C., and has a specific gravity of 1.25 at 25° C. After the coating, the surface of this lubricant is half-wet. Also, this lubricant includes no factor of destroying the ozone, lasts for 4.1 years in the atmosphere, and the GWP is 500 (CO2=1). Accordingly, this type of lubricant is highly volatile and contains solid components, so the density will change while it is stored in a hermetic container. To keep the density constant, the above described
lubricant coating system 10 provided with the mixing devices is preferable. The amount of lubricant to put on the individual main body of the lens-fitted photo film unit is preferably 0.001 cc to 0.01 cc. - Since the
piston rod 25 is moved back and forth in thelubricant coating system 10, the lubricant may be dispensed successively. Because the lubricant contains the solid components, the lubricant is being stirred in the sucking side of thesyringe 26 even during the dispensing operation. Since the lubricant is highly volatile, the on-offvalve 17 b of theneedle valve 17 is closed when the standby mode continues for a long time. However, the present invention is applicable not only to dispensing the above described lubricant, but any kind of fluid may be dispensed by the dispenser of the present invention. - Meanwhile, it is very important to clear optical members off of dusts, sands and stains, since these extraneous objects remarkably lower the optical performances. Because optical members of the lens-fitted photo film unit, such as a taking lens and a finder lens, are more likely to get stained or scratched, it is necessary to inspect the optical members each individually before reusing them.
- For this purpose, these lenses have conventionally been inspected by naked-eyes on the basis of a limit sample, but this conventional method is inefficient and is inferior in reliability. To solve this problem, Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 8-304052 discloses a lens inspection device that scans the lens surface with a spot light beam across a constant direction, and photo-electrically detects light that is transmitted and scattered through the lens. Because the transmitted light is scattered if the lens has any defect, e.g. get scratched or stained, the lens inspection device generates a defect signal when the detected signal goes above a preset level. This inspection device makes it possible to detect strains or scratches on the lens through comparison of the signal level with the preset level, and thus accomplish efficient and quantitative evaluation.
- Since the above conventional inspection device scans a spot light beam along a line, the inspection cannot be so speedy. Besides, where the lens has a scratch or a strain in the scanning direction, the transmitted light is little scattered so it is difficult to detect them accurately.
- Moreover, because the stain on the lens surface reflects or deflects some fragment of the incident light, so the intensity of the transmitted light is decreased. Therefore, an optimum photo-sensitivity for detection of the stains is considered to be different from that for detection of the scratches. However, since the above conventional inspection device inspects any kinds of defects of the lens in the same way, the reliability is unsatisfactory.
- FIGS.17 to 29 show a lens inspection system that permits detecting scratches, extraneous objects, such as stains, and other kinds of defects of an optical member with high accuracy. That is, according to the following embodiment, a light beam is projected from one side onto a lens to inspect, and a light transmitted and scattered through the lens is photo-electrically detected as a dark field image of the lens on the other side of the lens, and when the intensity of the photoelectric signal detected from an inspection range of a photoelectric imaging device goes above a preset level, the lens is judged to be defective.
- In the present embodiment, the light is projected onto the entire surface of the lens at once and a dark field image of the lens is photographed through a photoelectric element. Therefore, the inspection becomes speedy. Since the defection sensitivity would not fluctuate depending upon the direction of existence of the defects, any kinds of defects are detected without fail.
- The lens inspection system according to the present embodiment is adapted to inspecting the taking lenses of the lens-fitted photo film units. As shown in FIG. 17, the lens inspection system for the lens-fitted photo film unit, hereinafter referred to as the
inspection device 110, is mainly constituted of alens cleaner 111, ascratch detector 112, anextraneous object detector 113 and a focus examiner 117. - As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the
scratch detector 112 and theextraneous object detector 113 are each provided with alight projector lens 114, and animaging device convex surface 114 a of the takinglens 114, respectively. The takinglens 114 to inspect is held in a recess that is formed in a top surface of aspecific pallet 122. Thepallet 122 is successively conveyed by a not-shown pallet conveyer mechanism from thescratch detector 112 to theextraneous object detector 113. - Referring to FIG. 20 showing the
scratch detector 112, thepallet 122 holding the takinglens 114 is positioned in between thelight projector 115 and theimaging device 120, with theconvex surface 114 a of the takinglens 114 oriented upward. A substantiallycylindrical aperture 123 is formed from the bottom of the recess through the bottom surface of thepallet 122, so the inspection light from thelight projector 115 is projected from the bottom side onto the takinglens 114. To prevent eclipse of the inspection light from thelight projector 115, theaperture 123 has a smaller diameter on the side of the takinglens 114. In this instance, on condition that thepallet 122 has a thickness of 8 mm, theaperture 123 has a diameter of 7.5 mm in on the side of the takinglens 114, and a diameter of 13 mm on the side of thelight projector 115. - The
imaging device 120 is constituted of aCCD image sensor 124 having photo sensor cells, called pixels, arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, a close-upring 125 and animage forming lens 126 that are attached to the front of theCCD image sensor 124. The takinglens 114 is positioned such that an optical axis C of the takinglens 114 coincides with an optical axis of theimage forming lens 126 and centers of the close-upring 125 and theCCD image sensor 124. An optical image of the takinglens 114 is formed through theimage forming lens 126 on a photoelectric conversion surface of theCCD image sensor 124, so photoelectric signals whose intensities are proportional to the intensities of the incident light on the individual pixels are sent from theimaging device 120 to ascratch discriminator 130. - It is to be noted that the focal length of the
image forming lens 126 may be set in a range from 16 mm to 50 mm, and that the close-upring 125 is adjustable in a range from 6 mm to 40 mm. Also, a spacing L1 between the top surface of thepallet 122 and theCCD image sensor 124 may be set in a range from 30 mm to 200 mm. In this instance, the focal length of theimage forming lens 126 is set at 50 mm, and the close-upring 125 is set at 30 mm, whereas the spacing L1 is set at 130 mm. - The close-up
ring 125 is fixed in a distance L2 from the bottom surface of thepallet 122. A not-shown red LEDs are built in the close-upring 125 to project the inspection light uniformly onto the takinglens 114. Ablinding mask 131 is mounted on a center of thelight projector 115 so as to prevent inclusion of thelight projector 115 in the photographic field of theimaging device 120. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, direct rays of the inspection light which are projected in the axial direction from thelight projector 115 are prevented from falling on the photoreceptive surface of theCCD image sensor 124. Only indirect rays which are scattered through the takinglens 114 may fall on the photoreceptive surface. Accordingly, a dark field image of the takinglens 114 is formed on theCCD image sensor 124. Therefore, where the takinglens 114 has no scratch, as shown in FIG. 21, the intensities of the photoelectric signals are lower than a predetermined level. - On the contrary, if there is a
scratch 132 on the takinglens 114, as shown in FIG. 22, some rays of the inspection light are scattered at thescratch 132, and is projected onto theCCD image sensor 124. In that case, the intensities of the photoelectric signals from those pixels of theCCD image sensor 124, onto which the scattered light rays fall are raised. Based on the photoelectric signals from theCCD image sensor 124, thescratch discriminator 130 determines whether the takinglens 114 gets any scratches or not. As shown for example in FIG. 23, thescratch 132 is detected by thescratch discriminator 130 as alight area 133 having a corresponding size to thescratch 132. For the sake of showing thelight area 133 conspicuously, it is drawn in black in FIG. 23, whereas otherdark area 34 is drawn in white. Theblinding mask 131 may have a diameter L3 in a range from 10 mm to 20 mm insofar as it prevent the direct projection of the inspection light onto theCCD image sensor 124. In this instance, the diameter L3 is 12 mm. - In the
scratch discriminator 130, a round range on the photoreceptive surface of theCCD image sensor 124, that is formed with a diameter of 6 mm about the optical axis C of the takinglens 114, is defined to be aninspection range 138, and the signal intensities from those pixels which are included in theinspection range 138 are represented by 8-bit tonal levels (0 to 255). Thescratch discriminator 130 defines those pixels whose signal intensities are not less than “140” in the tonal level as light pixels, and checks if there is at least a light area consisting of the light pixels of a predetermined number, e.g. 110 or more, in the inspection range. If there is, thescratch discriminator 130 judges that the takinglens 114 gets scratched. If not, thescratch discriminator 130 judges that there is no scratch on the takinglens 114. - In the present embodiment, the threshold tonal level for the light pixel is set at “140”, and the threshold pixel number for the light area is set at “110”. But these threshold values may be modified appropriately according to the required inspection accuracy. Even if an individual scratch is so fine that it cannot be detected on the basis of the threshold values of the above embodiment, if there are a number of scratches, the optical performance is lowered below a reusable level. Therefore, in order to improve the inspection accuracy, it is preferable to set up the
scratch discriminator 130 such that 130 judges the takinglens 114 to be defective when there are more than a predetermined number of fine scratches on the takinglens 114, as well as when there is a large scratch on the takinglens 114. - As shown in FIGS. 19 and 24, the
imaging device 121 of theextraneous object detector 113 is constituted of aCCD image sensor 135, a close-upring 136 and animage forming lens 137 in the same way as for theimaging device 120 of thescratch detector 112. Thelight projector 116 of theextraneous object detector 113 is substantially circular, and is disposed above the takinglens 114 with its center on the optical axis C of the takinglens 114, when thepallet 122 holding the takinglens 114 is positioned in theextraneous object detector 113. That is, thelight projector 116 is disposed between thepallet 122 and theimaging device 121. Not shown LEDs are built in thelight projector 116, and inspection light is projected from aprojection surface 116 a that is formed around an inner periphery of thelight projector 116 and is oriented toward the takinglens 114 when it is positioned in theextraneous object detector 113. Thus, the inspection light from thelight projector 116 is not directly projected onto the close-upring 125, but only indirect rays scattered at the takinglens 114 can fall on the close-upring 125. So the close-upring 125 also takes a dark field image of the takinglens 114. - If there is not an extraneous object on the taking
lens 114, the inspection light passes through the takinglens 114, as shown in FIG. 25, so the intensities of photoelectric signals from respective pixels of theCCD image sensor 135 are low. On the contrary, if anextraneous object 141 is on the takinglens 114, as shown in FIG. 26, some rays of the inspection light from thelight projector 116 are scattered at the takinglens 114 and fall on the photoreceptive surface of theCCD image sensor 135. As a result, the intensities of the photoelectric signals from those pixels corresponding to the position of theextraneous object 141 on the takinglens 114 are increased. The photoelectric signals are sent from theimaging device 121 to anextraneous object discriminator 140, so theextraneous object discriminator 140 determines based on the photoelectric signals whether there is any extraneous object on the takinglens 114 or not. - It is to be noted that the
light projector 116 must have a large enough internal diameter L4 for preventing inclusion of thelight projector 116 in a photographic field of theimaging device 121. However, too large internal diameter L4 lowers the illuminance on the takinglens 114 so much that the inspection accuracy is lowered. For this reason, the internal diameter L4 is preferably set in a range from 130 mm to 180 mm. In this instance, the value L4 is set at 130 mm. For the same reason, a spacing L5 between the top surface of thepallet 122 and thelight projector 116 is preferably set in a range from 10 mm to 30 mm. In this instance, the value L5 is set at 16 mm. - In the
extraneous object discriminator 140, as shown in FIG. 27, a plurality ofzones 142 having a width of 0.5 mm and extending in different diametrical directions are defined in aninspection range 144 that corresponds to the lens surface and thus the dark field image of the lens surface, and eachzone 142 are sectioned into a number ofrectangular segments 143 aligned in the diametrical direction. Eachsegment 143 has a length of 0.1 mm in the diametrical direction. The signal intensities from the pixels of theCCD image sensor 135 are also converted into 8-bit data representative of “0” to “255” tonal levels in theextraneous object discriminator 140. Theextraneous object discriminator 140 calculates a mean value of tonal levels (an average tonal level) of those pixels which belong to thesame segment 143. Thus, eachsegment 143 severs as an unit section of theinspection range 144. If a difference between the average tonal levels of adjacent two of thesegments 143 is above “120”, theextraneous object discriminator 140 judges that some extraneous object is put on the takinglens 114. When the difference in the average tonal level between theadjacent segments 143 is less than “120” with respect to every segment, theextraneous object discriminator 140 judges that there is no extraneous object on the takinglens 114. - Although the threshold value of the difference between the average tonal levels of the
adjacent segments 143 for judgement in theextraneous object discriminator 140 is set at “120” in the present embodiment, the threshold value may be modified appropriately according to the required inspection accuracy. The size of thesegments 143 may also be modified appropriately according to the fineness of the extraneous objects to detect. - Next, the operation of the
lens inspection device 110 will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 28. Unit bodies of used lens-fitted photo film units are disassembled and sorted into respective components in an inspection factory. The takinglens 114 is separated from the unit main body, and is subjected to a cleaning and blowing process, for removing dusts and fats off of the surface of the takinglens 114. - After the cleaning and blowing process, the taking
lens 114 is placed on thepallet 122, to be conveyed to thescratch detector 112. In thescratch detector 112, thelight projector 115 projects the inspection light from the bottom side of thepallet 122 onto the entire surface of the takinglens 114 but diagonally to the optical axis C of the takinglens 114, so theimaging device 120 disposed above the takinglens 114 takes a dark field image of the takinglens 114. If there is any scratch on the takinglens 114, the inspection light is scattered at the scratch, so some rays fall on theCCD image sensor 124. The photoelectric signals obtained by theCCD image sensor 124 are sent to thescratch discriminator 130. Thescratch discriminator 130 discriminates the light pixels whose tonal levels are not less than “140”, and judges that the takinglens 114 has a scratch when there is an area consisting of not less than 110 successive light pixels. The takinglens 114 having any scratch may not be reused, so it is melted and pelletized. If the takinglens 114 is judged to have no scratch, it is conveyed to theextraneous object detector 113. - In the
extraneous object detector 113, the circularlight projector 116 projects the inspection light from above and around theconvex surface 114 a of the takinglens 114, and theimaging device 121 takes a dark field image of the takinglens 114. If there is any extraneous object on the takinglens 114, the inspection light is reflected from the extraneous object and falls on theCCD image sensor 135. The photoelectric signals obtained by theCCD image sensor 135 are sent to theextraneous object discriminator 140. Theextraneous object discriminator 140 detects differences in average tonal level between every couple ofadjacent segments 143, and judges that there is an extraneous object on the takinglens 114 when any of the differences is above 120. - The taking
lens 114 that is judged to have any extraneous object is melted to be pelletized, or sent back to the cleaning and blowing process, and is inspected again. The takinglens 114 that is judged to have no extraneous object is conveyed to the focus inspector 117. After passing the inspection by the focus inspector 117, the takinglens 114 is allowed to be reused. - In the above embodiment, the
extraneous object discriminator 140 defines thesegments 143 in the diametrically extendingzones 142 of theinspection range 144, as shown in FIG. 27. It is alternatively possible to section theinspection range 144 into concentrically and radially intosectors 145, as shown in FIG. 29, and calculate average tonal levels of therespective sectors 145. That is, eachsector 145 constitutes an unit section of theinspection range 144 in this embodiment. The light source of thelight projector - Projecting the inspection light simultaneously onto the entire objective or image side surface of the lens achieves a quick inspection on the lens defects as compared to the conventional method where the inspection light is scanned linearly across the lens. Also the inspection accuracy becomes independent of the direction the defect exits.
- Doing inspection for scratches separately from inspection for extraneous objects permits setting up an optimum inspection sensitivity for each kind of inspection. Since the inspection light is projected onto the lens from either side, if a defect cannot be detected when the inspection light is projected from the bottom side, the defect may be detected when the inspection light is projected from the top side. Especially because extraneous objects or stains are more likely to put on the objective side of the lens, inspection accuracy is remarkably improved by projecting the inspection light onto the objective side to detect extraneous objects or stains based on the reflected light from the objective side.
- However, it is possible to execute either the inspection for scratches or the inspection for extraneous objects alone. Although the inspection for scratches is executed before the inspection for extraneous objects in the above embodiment, the sequence may be reversed. Covering the periphery of the
scratch detector 112 and theextraneous object detector 113 with black light-shielding curtains protects theCCD image sensors - The present invention has been described with respect to the taking lens inspection device that inspects single-element convex lenses, the present invention is applicable also for inspection on concave lenses or on lens systems composed of a plurality of lens elements, if only the optics are arranged to make it possible taking the dark field image.
- Thus, the present invention is not to be limited to the above embodiments but, on the contrary, various modifications are possible to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of claims appended hereto.
Claims (21)
1. A fluid dispenser having a syringe with ports on opposite ends thereof, a piston movable inside said syringe back and forth, and a supply tank being connectable alternately to one of said ports depending upon moving direction of said piston, said fluid dispenser dispensing a fluid from one of said ports that is located on the end of said syringe toward which said piston is moving, while sucking the fluid from said supply tank into said syringe through the other of said ports, said fluid dispenser comprising:
a pair of stirrers provided in said syringe on opposite sides of said piston, said stirrers being rotatable on a rotary axis that extends parallel to the moving direction of said piston; and
a pair of stirrer driving devices disposed on an outer periphery of said syringe in correspondence with said stirrers, for driving said stirrers to rotate each individually by a magnetic force.
2. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of said stirrers has a plurality of magnets embedded therein symmetrically about said rotary axis of said stirrers, whereas said stirrer driving devices generate magnetic fields that cause said stirrers to rotate.
3. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of said stirrers is continuously rotated in one side of said piston, into which the liquid is being sucked.
4. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
a piston rod that moves together with said piston and extends on the opposite sides of said piston concentrically with said piston and said syringe; and
a piston driving device coupled to an end of said piston rod to move said piston rod and said piston in either direction.
5. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 4 , wherein said stirrers are mounted on said piston rod so as to be able to rotate around and slide along said piston rod.
6. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 5 , wherein said stirrers are kept in the same axial positions in said syringe by the magnetic forces of said stirrer driving device, while said piston rod is being moved back and forth together with said piston.
7. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 5 , wherein each of said stirrers has a plurality of stirring blades on one end face thereof that is oriented away from said piston in said syringe.
8. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 4 , wherein said stirrers have a circular shape and are mounted in circular grooves that are provided around an inner peripheral portion of said syringe on either side of said piston, such that said stirrers are rotatable in said grooves around the piston rod.
9. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 8 , wherein each of said stirrers has a plurality of stirring blades on its inner periphery.
10. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 4 , wherein said syringe and said piston rod are oriented horizontally, and venting ports are provided through upper portions of the opposite ends of said syringe, said venting ports being able to open and close, wherein at the time of turning the moving direction of said piston, one of said venting ports that is on the side the liquid is just going to be dispensed from is turned open for a time immediately before the start of dispensing.
11. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 10 , wherein said one venting port is turned open while one of said ports that is on the same end of said syringe as said one venting port is still connected to said supply tank.
12. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 10 , wherein said piston is moved by a stroke while said one venting port is open, in a direction to dispense the liquid from said one port.
13. A fluid dispenser as recited in claim 10 , wherein said syringe has large diameter sections on the opposite ends, and said venting ports are each located at a top portion of said large diameter section.
14. A lens inspection method of inspecting a lens to determine whether said lens is defective or not, said lens inspection method comprising the steps of:
projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto an entire area of said lens from one axial side of said lens such that a dark field image of said lens is photographed by a photoelectric imaging device that is placed on the other side of said lens, to detect those rays of the inspection light that are scattered at lens surfaces; and
judging that said lens is defective when photoelectric signals obtained from said photoelectric imaging device have intensities of more than a predetermined level at least across an area of said dark field image, and said area is larger than a predetermined size.
15. A lens inspection method of inspecting a lens to determine whether said lens is defective or not, said lens inspection method comprising the steps of:
projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto an entire area of said lens from one axial side of said lens such that a dark field image of said lens is photographed by a photoelectric imaging device that is placed on said one side of said lens, to detect those rays of the inspection light that are reflected from a surface of said one side of said lens;
calculating an average intensity of photoelectric signals obtained from each of a plurality of unit sections that are defined in an inspection range of said photoelectric image device, said inspection range corresponding to said dark field image; and
judging that said lens is defective when a difference in said average intensity between adjacent two of said unit sections is above a predetermined threshold value.
16. A lens inspection method of inspecting a lens to determine whether said lens is defective or not, said lens inspection method comprising
a first inspection process comprising the steps of:
projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto an entire area of said lens from one axial side of said lens such that a dark field image of said lens is photographed by a photoelectric imaging device that is placed on the other side of said lens, to detect those rays of the inspection light that are scattered at lens surfaces; and
judging that said lens has at least a scratch thereon when photoelectric signals obtained from said photoelectric imaging device have intensities of more than a predetermined level at least across an area of said dark field image, and said area is larger than a predetermined threshold value, and
a second inspection process comprising the steps of:
projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto the entire area of said lens from said other side of said lens such that a dark field image of said lens is photographed by a second photoelectric imaging device that is placed on said other side of said lens, to detect those rays of the inspection light that are reflected from a surface of said other side of said lens;
calculating an average intensity of photoelectric signals obtained from each of a plurality of unit sections defined in an inspection range of said photoelectric imaging device, said inspection range corresponding to said dark field image; and
judging that said lens has an extraneous object thereon when a difference in said average intensity between adjacent two of said unit sections is above a predetermined threshold value.
17. A lens inspection device for inspecting a lens to determine whether said lens is defective or not, said lens inspection device comprising:
a photoelectric imaging device that is placed on one axial side of said lens and focused on said lens;
a lighting device disposed on the opposite side of said lens from said photoelectric imaging device, for projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto an entire area of said lens from outside a photographic field of said photoelectric imaging device; and
a judging device that judges said lens to be defective when photoelectric signals obtained from said photoelectric imaging device have intensities of more than a predetermined level at least across an area of said photoelectric imaging device, and said area is larger than a predetermined size.
18. A lens inspection device as recited in claim 17 , wherein said lighting device has a blinding mask mounted on a front side thereof to prevent entrance of the inspection light from said lighting device into said photographic field of said photoelectric imaging device.
19. A lens inspection device for inspecting a lens to determine whether said lens is defective or not, said lens inspection device comprising:
a photoelectric imaging device that is placed on one axial side of said lens and focused on said lens;
a lighting device disposed on the same side of said lens as said photoelectric imaging device, for projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto an entire area of said lens from outside a photographic field of said photoelectric imaging device; and
a calculating and judging device for calculating an average intensity of photoelectric signals obtained from each of a plurality of unit sections of said photoelectric imaging device, to judge said lens to be defective when a difference in said average intensity between adjacent two of said unit sections is above a predetermined threshold value.
20. A lens inspection device as recited in claim 19 , wherein said lighting device has a circular shape and projects the inspection light from a projection surface that is formed around an inner periphery of said lighting device.
21. A lens inspection system comprising:
a scratch detecting device comprising a photoelectric imaging device that is placed on one axial side of a lens to inspect and focused on said lens; a lighting device disposed on the opposite side of said lens from said photoelectric imaging device, for projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto an entire area of said lens from outside a photographic field of said photoelectric imaging device; and a judging device that judges said lens to have a scratch when photoelectric signals obtained from an area of said photoelectric imaging device have intensities of more than a predetermined level; and
an extraneous object detecting device comprising a second photoelectric imaging device that is placed on one axial side of said lens and focused on said lens; a second lighting device disposed on the same side of said lens as said photoelectric imaging device, for projecting an inspection light simultaneously onto the entire area of said lens from outside a photographic field of said second photoelectric imaging device; and a calculating and judging device that calculates an average intensity of photoelectric signals obtained from each of a plurality of unit sections of said second photoelectric imaging device, and judges said lens to have an extraneous object when a difference in said average intensity between adjacent two of said unit sections is above a predetermined threshold value.
Priority Applications (2)
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US10/420,898 US7027144B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2003-04-23 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
US11/273,089 US7221446B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2005-11-15 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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JP2000-131944 | 2000-05-01 | ||
JP2000131944A JP2001317450A (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2000-05-01 | Liquid supply device |
JP2000279874A JP2002090258A (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Method, apparatus and system for inspection of lens |
JP2000-279874 | 2000-09-14 | ||
US09/845,164 US6575338B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2001-05-01 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
US10/420,898 US7027144B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2003-04-23 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
Related Parent Applications (1)
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US09/845,164 Division US6575338B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2001-05-01 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
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US11/273,089 Division US7221446B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2005-11-15 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
Publications (2)
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US20030192914A1 true US20030192914A1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
US7027144B2 US7027144B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 |
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US10/420,898 Expired - Lifetime US7027144B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2003-04-23 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
US11/273,089 Expired - Lifetime US7221446B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2005-11-15 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
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US09/845,164 Expired - Lifetime US6575338B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2001-05-01 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
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US11/273,089 Expired - Lifetime US7221446B2 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2005-11-15 | Fluid dispenser and lens inspection device |
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US (3) | US6575338B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1816467A3 (en) |
CN (2) | CN100470225C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE370799T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60130057T2 (en) |
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WO2007025986A1 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-08 | Imstec Gmbh | Automatic inspection device for stents, and method of automatic inspection |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60130057D1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
EP1816467A2 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
EP1151806B1 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
ATE370799T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
CN1307005C (en) | 2007-03-28 |
EP1816467A3 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
US20010035953A1 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
US7221446B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
EP1151806A2 (en) | 2001-11-07 |
EP1151806A3 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
CN100470225C (en) | 2009-03-18 |
US6575338B2 (en) | 2003-06-10 |
CN1605847A (en) | 2005-04-13 |
CN1321879A (en) | 2001-11-14 |
DE60130057T2 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US7027144B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 |
US20060060610A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
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