US20050172963A1 - Inhaler - Google Patents
Inhaler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050172963A1 US20050172963A1 US11/073,739 US7373905A US2005172963A1 US 20050172963 A1 US20050172963 A1 US 20050172963A1 US 7373905 A US7373905 A US 7373905A US 2005172963 A1 US2005172963 A1 US 2005172963A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- inhaler
- compartment
- compartments
- sealing layer
- cartridge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
- A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
- A61M11/001—Particle size control
- A61M11/003—Particle size control by passing the aerosol trough sieves or filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
- A61M15/0013—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with inhalation check valves
- A61M15/0015—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with inhalation check valves located upstream of the dispenser, i.e. not traversed by the product
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
- A61M15/0021—Mouthpieces therefor
- A61M15/0025—Mouthpieces therefor with caps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
- A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
- A61M15/0031—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up by bursting or breaking the package, i.e. without cutting or piercing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
- A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
- A61M15/0043—Non-destructive separation of the package, e.g. peeling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
- A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
- A61M15/0046—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier
- A61M15/0048—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier the dosages being arranged in a plane, e.g. on diskettes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
- A61M15/0068—Indicating or counting the number of dispensed doses or of remaining doses
- A61M15/007—Mechanical counters
- A61M15/0071—Mechanical counters having a display or indicator
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/06—Solids
- A61M2202/064—Powder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
An inhaler for delivering metered doses of powdered medicament, the inhaler having a plurality of compartments spaced in an array and each arranged to contain a metered dose of the medicament, a lever to displace the compartments one by one into line with an inhalation aperture that constitutes a mouthpiece, each compartment including inner and outer edges, the plurality of compartments being closed by a sealing layer, the inhaler further having a mechanism adapted to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment to open an air passageway defined by the compartment and the sealing layer so that, in use, on inhalation through the mouthpiece, air flow in the air flow passageway picks up and entrains the powder in the compartment to be drawn with the air out of the inhaler through the mouthpiece.
Description
- This invention relates to inhalers and in particular to inhalers for use with powered medicaments.
- There are many types of inhalers that can provide delivered metered doses. The majority of inhalers of this kind are designed to provide multiple doses. It is however known that inhalers of this kind can also be used to provide a single dose.
- In situations where a metered dose is to be dispensed it is important that the inhaler always dispenses the exact dose. There is also a problem with inhalers of this kind if there is a tendency to allow unintentional additional dosing. Inhalers need to be small, compact, easy to use and yet not too expensive. The inhalers also need to satisfy safety criteria set down by appropriate standards.
- It is these issues that have brought about the present invention.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided an inhaler for delivering metered doses of powdered medicament, the inhaler having a plurality of compartments spaced in an array and each arranged to contain a metered dose of the medicament, means to displace the compartments one by one into line with an inhalation aperture that constitutes a mouthpiece, each compartment including inner and outer edges, the plurality of compartments being closed by a sealing layer, means to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment to open an air passageway defined by the compartment and the sealing layer so that, in use, on inhalation through the mouthpiece, air flow in the air flow passageway picks up and entrains the powder in the compartment to be drawn with the air out of the inhaler through the mouthpiece.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a disposable cartridge adapted to be received in a body of an inhaler, the cartridge having a plurality of compartments spaced in an array and each arranged to contain a metered dose of medicament, the compartments being displaceable one by one into line with an outlet aperture, each compartment including inner and outer edges, the plurality of compartments being closed by a sealing layer, means to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment to open an air passageway defined by the compartment and the sealing layer so that, in use, air flow in the air flow passageway picks up and entrains the powder in the compartment to be drawn with the air out of the cartridge through the outlet aperture.
- Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only in which:
-
FIG. 1 is an exploded view perspective view of an inhaler in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, -
FIGS. 2A & 2B are perspective views of the inhaler, -
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the inhaler that shows a lid of the inhaler in an open position with a cartridge outside the inhaler, -
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the cartridge, -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a lower cover of the cartridge, -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the underside of a base of the cartridge, -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the underside of a upper cover of the cartridge, -
FIGS. 8 a and 8 b are perspective views of the assembled cartridge viewed from the top, -
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the cartridge, -
FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines A-A ofFIG. 9 , -
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the cartridge with part cutaway showing an open compartment, -
FIG. 12 is a perspective view with part cut away of the assembled inhaler showing the air passageway, -
FIGS. 13 a and 13 b are perspective views of the top of the inhaler with part of a cover cut away, and -
FIG. 14 are perspective views of the underside of the lid of the inhaler, -
FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of a cartridge in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, -
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an upper cover of the cartridge ofFIG. 15 , -
FIG. 17 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 8-8 ofFIG. 16 , -
FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of a cartridge in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention, and -
FIG. 19 is an enlarged perspective view of the mouth of the cartridge shown inFIG. 18 . - As shown in the exploded view of
FIG. 1 aninhaler 10 comprises adisposable medicament cartridge 50 that is located in aninhaler body 11 that includes anupper body 12,lower body 13 that fit together to support adrive cam 18 and lever 30 and define arecess 14 into which thecartridge 50 fits. Thebody 11 is closed by alid 15 that is hinged to oneside 16 of thebody 11. The upper surface of the lid supports awindow 100,air entry inlet 19 andair entry indicator 110 and a oneway valve 112. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , theinhaler 10 is substantially circular in plan and has amouthpiece 26 having aninhalation aperture 27 positioned in the body periphery on one side with thedisplacement lever 30 located on that side to be displaceable relative to thebody 11 between the open position shown inFIG. 2 a to the closed position in which thelever 30 covers themouthpiece 26 as shown inFIG. 2 b. - The
cartridge 50 is shown in greater detail inFIG. 4 and comprises a multi-layered annular disc assembly that is located between upper andlower covers FIG. 10 . Theupper cover 52 has anair inlet aperture 45 that communicates with the disc assembly to define an air passageway that exits the cartridge viaslot 29 on the periphery of thelower cover 51. The disc assembly includes acartridge base 55 that is of disc shape with acentral aperture 56. Thecartridge base 55 supports abase foil 60 that has acentral aperture 61 and contains ten recessedcompartments 70 spaced around the periphery of thebase foil 60. The compartments are equally spaced except that there is a wider gap between the first 64 and the last 65 compartments. Thebase 55 is formed with recesses that correspond to thecompartments 70. - The
base foil 60 is covered first by aperforated layer 80 which is in turn covered by alidding foil layer 90. Both the perforated layer andlidding foil internal apertures apertures cartridge base 55,base foil 60 andperforated layer 80 include a cut-out 57, 62 and 82 that is radially aligned with a cut-out 58, 63, and 83 in the outer periphery. Thelidding foil 90 is securely bonded to theperforated layer 80 which is attached to thebase foil 60 to seal thecompartments 70 once filled with medicament powder. - The
cartridge 50 is designed to hold a plurality of metered doses of powdered medicament in separate sealedcompartments 70 and the operation of thelever 30 displaces thedrive cam 18 which rotates components of thecartridge 50 to expose individual doses to the air passageway that is in communication with themouthpiece 26. As shown inFIG. 5 , thecartridge 50 includesopeners lower cover 51 that operates to expose a single dose by unsealing eachcompartment 70 so that when the user inhales through themouthpiece 26 air is drawn through an aperture in thelid 15 of theinhaler 10 through the inlet aperture of the cartridge, across theunsealed compartment 70 to pick up the powder in thecompartment 70 for delivery to themouthpiece 26 via theoutlet slot 29. Thecartridge 50 can be disposed of and be replaced by a new cartridge when all or part of thecompartments 70 of the powered medicament have been emptied. The inhaler is in consequence reusable. The cartridge may be removed or reinserted as required. - As shown in
FIG. 6 , the underside of the periphery of thecartridge base 55 is provided with a plurality of equallyspaced cutouts 53, that are adapted to be engaged by thedrive cam 18 driven by thelever 30 to cause thecartridge base 55,base foil 60, perforatedlayer 80, liddingfoil 90 andupper cover 52 to be rotated through a small angle when thelever 30 is displaced in the anti-clockwise direction. Theupper cover 52 is also rotated by thedrive cam 18 through a small angle when thelever 30 is displaced in the clockwise direction. - It is however understood that more or less than ten
compartments 70 can be positioned on thebase foil 60 and thecartridge base 55 can include as many peripheral cutouts as are necessary to ensure that each compartment is indexed to the required position by displacement of thelever 30. Thebase foil 60 is positioned axially aligned on top of thecartridge base 55. - The
lower cover 51 has anarcuate slot 9 through which thedrive cam 18 extends to engage the cartridge base. Thelower cover 51 of thecartridge 50 has a central upstandingcircular spigot 84 that includes an internalupstanding ring 85. As shown inFIGS. 4 and 5 a pair of radially alignedwedges spigot 84 and inner wall of thelower cover 51. When thebase foil compartments 70 have been filled and covered by theperforated layer 80 and sealed by thelidding foil 90, the laminated cartridge assembly is lowered into thelower cover 51 with the wedge shapedopeners outer slots lidding foil layer 90 does not have slots on the inner and outer peripheries which means that the foil rests on thewedges cartridge 50 is completed by location of theupper cover 52 into locked engagement with thelower cover 51. As shown inFIG. 7 , theupper cover 52 has a peripheral downwardly extendingskirt 49 with a rectangular cut-out 48 into which alug 108 on the end of thedrive cam 18 locates so movement of thedrive cam 18 causes a rotational movement of theupper cover 52. - As shown in
FIGS. 7 and 10 , theupper cover 52 has a central taperedboss 95 that clips into thering 85 in thelower cover 51. A downwardly extendingannular flange 96 fits against the exterior of thering 85 allowing theupper cover 52 to oscillate relative to thelower cover 51. The upper surface of theupper cover 52 includes aviewing aperture 44 and anair inlet aperture 45. Afinger tab 46 extends down from the upper surface of the cover to provide ease of removal of thecartridge 50 from the inhaler body. The underside of theupper cover 52 also has an elongate downwardly extendingbar 47 that, in use, engages the top of thelidding foil 90 to push back the lidding foil onto theperforated layer 80,base foil 60 andbase 55 after the contents of a compartment have been ejected. Thebar 47 thus partially reseals the compartment. -
FIG. 3 shows how thecartridge 50 can be lowered into theinhaler body 11. Thecartridge 50 is gripped by thefinger tab 46 and lowered into therecess 14 of theinhaler body 11 withoutlet slot 29 aligned with themouthpiece 26. The shape of thecartridge 50 is such that it can only be positioned in the inhaler in the correct position. Thelever 30, through the drive cam (not shown), engages thecutouts 53 in the underside of thecartridge base 55 so that movement of thelever 30 has the effect of causing rotational movement of thedisc base 55. The lever that drives thecartridge base 55 to rotate relative to thelower cover 51 of thecartridge 50 also has the effect of causing theupper cover 52 to oscillate on thelower cover 51 by contact between thelug 108 on thedrive cam 18 and the cut-out 48 in theupper cover 52. The connection between thelever 30 and drivecam 18 introduces a small degree of free play or neutral movement. - The role of the wedge shaped
openers FIGS. 10 and 11 . As mentioned above, when the cartridge is assembled, the disc assembly sits in thelower cover 51 with the wedge shapedopeners lidding foil layer 90. As the lever is actuated to cause the disc assembly to rotate relative to thelower cover 51, the inclined ramp on the upper surface of theopeners lidding foil 90 at the inner and outer sections from the top of theperforated layer 80 thereby exposing the powder within thecompartment 70. The openers can either be positioned in a leading, central or trailing position in relation to themedicament compartment 70 on the assembly and as the disc continues to rotate, the openers lift the inner and outer sections of the lidding foil to expose the contents for removal upon inhalation and then allow the lidding foil to fall back into position against theperforated layer 80 thereby re-closing thecompartment 70. The trailingbar 47 on the underside of theupper cover 52 then pushes the foil back against the base foil to partially reseal the compartment. - The
lid 15 of the inhaler is shown in greater detail inFIGS. 2, 12 and 13. The lid has a circular shapedclear cover 100 with aviewing tab 101 on one side and anarcuate window 102 on the opposite side. The circular shaped clear cover 20 is obscured except for anarea 103. There is a gap extending about 90° around theclear cover 100 defining theair inlet 19. The underside of the lid has acentral spigot 104 which supports aflow indicator 110 and aflap valve 112. As air is drawn into the inhaler through theair inlet 19, theflexible flap valve 112 pivots open as shown in detail B. Any attempt to blow air back through the inhaler is prevented by theflap valve 112 moving to the closed position shown in detail A. - As shown in
FIG. 13 , theflow indicator 110 is in the form of anarcuate flag 113 that hasdownward projections 114, that reside ingrooves 116 in the underside of the lid. As air is drawn into theinhaler 10 it causes theflag 113 to move in thegrooves 116 and to rise up a ramp to assume a visible position through thearea 103 of thewindow 100. The ramp tends to hold theflag 113 in the operative position after inhalation. When thelever 30 is indexed to the closed position, the oscillating movement of the top of thecartridge 50 causes arcuate cut-outs projections 114 to return theflag 113 to the inoperative and less visible position. The incoming air current is sufficient to drive theflag 113 to the operative position. Thus, as shown inFIG. 13 the airflow is such that when the user inhales on themouthpiece 26 air is drawn into theinhaler 10 via theair inlet 19 around the underside of thewindow 100 into the inhaler to move theflag 113 to the position shown inFIG. 13 b. At this stage with theflag 113 in the operative position the air flows in to the inhaler displacing the oneway valve 112 and into thecartridge 50. The air flows through theair inlet 45 at the top of the cartridge and out under the lidding foil that has been prized upwardly by theopeners perforated layer 80 across the top of thecompartment 70 and out through the radially outer section of the compartment through theperforated layer 80 and theinhalation aperture 27 andmouth piece 26. The air current is such that it causes turbulence causing the powder to be drawn through theperforated layer 80 to be entrained in the air for expulsion. Theperforated layer 80 has the role of preventing escape of powder without the air current so thus, if for some reason, thelidding foil 90 is removed from the compartment by accident theperforated layer 80 prevents escape of the powder and only allows powder escape when it is entrained in an air current. The perforations in thelayer 80 also assist to control the particle size of the released medicament. - The lid also includes the
small viewing tab 101 that exposes through magnification an arcuate line of numbering that would be positioned on thelidding foil 90 and exposed through thehole 44 in theupper cover 52. The numbering reflects the number ofrecesses 70 with unused doses so that the user of the inhaler can know how many doses remain in the cartridge. Theinhaler 10 also includes a number of other features that reduce inadvertent additional dosage and reduce the likelihood of accidental displacement of the medicament. It is only on a full displacement of thelever 30 to the right as shown inFIG. 3 that opens the next dose and indexes the cartridge so the dose is positioned in line with the airflow passageway. The lever is connected to an arcuate band thedrive cam 18 that locates on the inner surface of thebody 11. The connection between thedrive lever 30 and drivecam 18 introduces a small degree of free play or neutral movement. The lever is coupled to the drive cam having anaperture 109 so that only full displacement of the lever to the right as shown inFIG. 4 moves theaperture 109 in thedrive cam 18 into correct alignment with theaperture 27 of themouthpiece 26 to open the air passageway. When the lever returns to the left or closed position the drive cam moves to close off themouthpiece 26. - The
lever 30 that closes off the airflow passageway and does not open this passageway until the lever has again been displaced fully to the right. As thelever 30 is displaced theopeners lidding foil 90 from theperforated layer 80 to expose the radially inner and outer sections of recessedcompartment 70. By the time thelever 30 has moved to the fully displaced position thefoil 90 has been lifted from the radially inner and outer sections of thecompartment 70 to open the air passageway. At that time the air passageway is open to themouthpiece 26 allowing inhalation. If the lever is closed i.e. returned to its original position to the left without taking the dose that dose will then be lost because it will be indexed into an inoperative position when the lever has moved again. Thus reducing the possibility of unintentional additional dosing. - The
cover 52 that is positioned over thefoils openers lidding foil 90 off theperforated layer 80 an unadministered dose becomes effectively sealed in itsrecess 70 as it is indexed past the openers which allows the lidding foil to return to its former position with thebar 47 closing off thecompartment 70. - The
flap 112 operates as a one-way valve to ensure that exhalation does not have any effect on the medicament. The valve virtually prevents or at least minimises the amount of air that can be blown into the device so that exhalation does not dislodge or disturb a readied dose or for that matter disturb a dose that has not been administered. When in its uppermost position the oneway valve 112 closes the air flow pathway exit to minimise the possibility of air flow over the unadministered dose. - The shape of the cutouts in the periphery of the ase is such that when the last dose has been dispensed the lever cannot further rotate the disc so that the user becomes aware that the cartridge is empty and can thus replace the cartridge.
- FIGS. 15 to 17 illustrate a second embodiment that utilises a different cartridge which is shown in
FIG. 15 . Thecartridge 150 has a slittop foil layer 190 provided withradial slits 192 that define segments that correspond to the position of each compartment. Thetop foil layer 190 has a central aperture 191 and is bonded to thelower foil 160 to seal off thecompartments 170. Acircular assembly 180 of fliptop members 181 is bonded to thetop foil 190. Theassembly 180 comprises a plastics moulding in the form of a plurality of radially extending fliptop members 181 that are interconnected by circumferentially extendingwebs 182. Each fliptop member 181 comprises a radiallyouter arm 184 that is joined to a V-shapedinner arm 185 by thewebs 182 that interconnect that fliptop member 181 to the adjacent flip top members. The underside of both the radially outer and inner arms include downwardly projecting triangular shapedlugs assembly 180 to thetop foil 190 means that each segment includes a segmentally shaped piece of foil with the skeletal framework of the fliptop members 181 transcribing the inner and outercircumferential edges assembly 180 is bonded to thetop foil 190, rotation of thedisc base 151 causes rotation of theassembly 180,top foil 190 andlower foil 160 in unison relative to thecover 195. - The assembly of the
disc base 151, twofoil layers top assembly 180 is then covered by aplastics cover 195 that has acentral aperture 196 and a downwardly extendingannular skirt 197 that covers the components. Anarcuate cutout 198 is provided in the periphery of theskirt 197 of thecover 195 through which a lever (not shown), similar to the first embodiment, can extend to engage thedisc base 151. The rotation of thedisc base 151 and foillayers top assembly 180 relative to thecover 195 is illustrated inFIG. 16 . Anarcuate cutout 199 is provided in the periphery of theskirt 197 of thecover 195 which, prevents the base rotating in the wrong direction by engaging thedisc base 151. - Displacement of the lever rotates the
disc base 151 causing the inner andouter lugs top member 181 to ride up on radial projections on the base of the inhaler (not shown) to cause thearms top members 181 to flex upwardly as shown inFIG. 17 about the central line orwebs 182. Upward flexing of the fliptop members 181 lifts thetop foil 190 from the radially inner and outer edges of thecompartments 170 causing an air passageway to form between the centre of thecartridge 150, the lifted inner fliptop arm 184 thecompartment 170 and the lifted outer fliptop arm 185. In this way the airflow passageway is defined by thetop foil 190, the fliptop member 181 and thecompartment 170. Thecover 195 of the cartridge has inclined up standingportions top member 181 in the elevated position as shown inFIG. 17 . As thedisc base 151 is further rotated the undersurface of thecover 195 forces the previously opened fliptop members 181 down to the horizontal position, shown around the remainder of the periphery of the fliptop assembly 180 inFIG. 15 . The radial slits 192 in thetop foil 190 facilitate the upward movement of the fliptop members 181 relative to the remainder of thefoil 190. - The flip
top assembly 180 has a dual role of displacing thetop foil 190 layer from thelower foil 160 and thus exposing eachcompartment 170 whilst at the same time forming a framework for an air passageway that flows from the aperture in the top of the lid of the inhaler down through the centre of the inhaler and along theradial arms outer arm 185 and through the mouthpiece in the periphery of the body. The fliptop members 181 lift thetop foil 190 off thelower foil 160 and the radial edges of the compartment and the skeletal structure of themembers 181 coupled with the foil surfaces provides the air passageway so that the user inhales through the mouthpiece drawing air down and into the inhaler and through the passageway. The air current picks up the powder in the exposedrecess 170. The powder is then entrained in the air to leave the inhaler via the mouthpiece. - In the third embodiment shown in
FIGS. 18 and 19 , thedisc base 251 andlower foil 260 are provided with radially inner andouter cutouts last compartment outs disc opener 220 in the form of a bracket having aflat base 221 terminating anupstanding posts flanges 226. The posts andflanges 226 are positioned on the radially outer and radially inner end of theopener 220 and allow the opener to clip against the underside of thedisc base 251 with theflat base 221 in parallel sliding contact with the underside ofdisc base 251 and theflanges 226 extending across thelower foil 260 surface but beneath theupper foil 290. Thedisc opener 220 is located in thecover 250 of the cartridge in a manner that it cannot rotate with thedisc base 251 so that as the disc base is rotated the leading edges of theflanges 226 have the effect of lifting up the radially inner and radial edge of thetop foil 290 on theadjacent compartment 270. As the disc base is indexed to the operative position as shown inFIG. 19 the radially inner and radially outer edges of thetop foil 290 are lifted clear of thecompartment 270 and the air passageway is defined by the compartment base and thetop foil 290 that has been raised at least adjacent the radially outer and radially inner edges of the compartment by thedisc opening flanges 226. - To ensure that the
top foil 290 lifts off asingle compartment 270 the radially outer 271 and radiallyinner edges 272 of eachcompartment 270 are at a position lower than the centre of the compartment 273 so that thedisc opener flanges 226 only have to lift the radially inner 291 and radial outer 292 edges of the top foil level with thecentre 293. It is for this reason that thetop foil 290 is illustrated with what appear to be concentric rings. Thecentral ring 293 allows the radially inner and radially outer sections of thetop foil 290 to lift into the open position. This arrangement provides a narrow passageway whereby the central portion of thetop foil 290 remains above the recessedcompartment 270 and the air current to ensure that the air current is in close proximity to the powdered medicament. - When the
top foil 290 is bonded to thelower foil 260 there is no bond in the gap 268 between the first 264 and last 265 compartments (except for the compartment periphery—a sealing band surrounding the compartment) which means that it becomes a simple exercise to insert thedisc opening flanges 226 between the foil surfaces in that gap 268 to complete assembly. - The
cover 295 of thedisc 250 is provided with a raisedinclined section 296 over the position of thedisc opener 220 to accommodate the upstanding posts andflanges 226. - Features of the Preferred Embodiments
- The inhaler is reusable, whilst the empty cartridges are discarded.
- Cartridges can be supplied with a range of dose number, medicament type and volume.
- Full and partially full cartridges can be loaded into and removed from the inhaler as required—either well before a dose is required or just prior to use.
- Loading of the cartridge does not open a dose for inhalation.
- The dose is opened and prepared for inhalation by simply sliding the indexing lever.
- The access to the mouthpiece is opened or closed by simply sliding the indexing lever.
- The possibility of unintentional additional dosing is minimised.
- Exhalation into the inhaler does not affect the effectiveness of the next dose from the cartridge.
- The inhaler via the cartridge has a “doses remaining” indicator.
- The inhaler has an indicator to indicate correct dosage received.
- The cartridge covers and foils protect the user from residues in opened compartments of the cartridge.
- Although in the preferred embodiments the inhaler comprises an inhaler body and disposable cartridge it is understood that in a simple form the inhaler may simply be like the cartridge that is without the external body. The cartridge would include a mechanism to displace the compartments and cause opening of each compartment when it is aligned with an outlet aperture that would serve as the mouthpiece.
- Medications Used with the Inhaler
- The inhaler may be used to provide medications selected from the following therapy areas: anti-influenza, analgesic, anti-anginal preparation, antiallergic, anti-infective, anticancer, antihistamine, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, bronchodilator, cortiscosteroid, diuretic, anticholinergic, hormone, xanthine, osteoporosis, hypertension, therapeutic protein or peptide, vaccine, diagnostic agent or gene therapy agent.
- The inhaler may be used to provide medications selected from the following group: zanamivir, codeine, dihydromorphine, ergotamine, fentanyl, morphine, diltiazem, cromoglycate, ketotifen, nedocromil, cephalosporins, penicillins, streptomycin, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, pentamidine, methapyrilene, beclomethasone dipropionate, fluticasone propionate, flunisolide, budesonide, rofleponide, mometsasone furoate, triamcinolone acetonide, noscapine, albuterol sulphate, salmeterol xinafoate, salmeterol, ephedrine, adrenaline, fenoterol, formoterol, isoprenaline, metaproterenol, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pirbuterol acetate, reproterol hydro chloride, rimiterol, terbutaline sulphate, isoetharine, tulobuterol, orciprenaline, adenosine 2a agonists, α4 integrin inhibitors, amiloride, ipratropium, tiotropium, atropine or oxitropium, cortisone, hydrocortisone or prednisolone, aminophylline, choline theophyllinate, lysine theophyllinate or theophylline, insulin or glucagon, or salts, esters, or solvates thereof, alone or in combination.
Claims (24)
1. An inhaler for delivering metered doses of powdered medicament, the inhaler having a plurality of compartments spaced in an array and each arranged to contain a metered dose of the medicament, a lever to displace the compartments one by one into line with an inhalation aperture that constitutes a mouthpiece, each compartment including inner and outer edges, the plurality of compartments being closed by a sealing layer, the inhaler further having a mechanism adapted to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment to open an air passageway defined by the compartment and the sealing layer so that, in use, on inhalation through the mouthpiece, air flow in the air flow passageway picks up and entrains the powder in the compartment to be drawn with the air out of the inhaler through the mouthpiece.
2. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein the compartments are spaced in an annular array and the means to lift the sealing layer lifts the inner and outer edges of the sealing layer.
3. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein each compartment is covered by a perforated layer and the sealing layer covers the perforated layer with the lifting means lifting the inner and outer edges of the sealing layer from the perforated layer.
4. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein the lever is moveable from an inoperative position to an operative position in which one compartment is indexed to align with the inhalation aperture and the inner and outer edges of the sealing layer are lifted off the compartment, the lever being returnable to the operative position.
5. The inhaler according to claim 4 wherein the inhaler has a sealing bar that pushes down the inner and outer edges of the compartment as the lever is returned to the inoperative position.
6. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein the inhaler comprises a body adapted to receive a cartridge that carries the compartments, the inhalation aperture being provided in the body in a position aligned with an outlet aperture in the cartridge, and the lever being mounted on the body to be displaceable from the inoperative position to the operative position in which a fresh compartment is displaced and opened so that the opened compartment is aligned with the inhalation aperture.
7. The inhaler according to claim 6 wherein the lever includes a component that closes the inhalation aperture in the inoperative position and opens the aperture in the operative position.
8. The inhaler according to claim 5 wherein the body defines a compartment into which the cartridge is located, a lid being pivoted to the body to close off the compartment.
9. The inhaler according to claim 8 wherein the lid includes an air entry aperture.
10. The inhaler according to claim 9 wherein the lid includes indicator means to provide a visual indication that air has been drawn through the inhaler.
11. The inhaler according to claim 10 wherein the indicator means comprises a member displaceable in response to a minimum air flow.
12. The inhaler according to claim 11 wherein the member is displaceable from a start position to a finish position, the finish position reflecting minimum air flow.
13. The inhaler according to claim 5 wherein the cartridge comprises a disc assembly mounted within upper and lower covers, the disc assembly being axially rotatable relative to the lower cover.
14. The inhaler according to claim 13 wherein the disc assembly comprises the array of spaced compartments sealed by a disc shaped sealing layer.
15. The inhaler according to claim 14 wherein the array of compartments are formed in a metal foil disc shaped sheet that is positioned on a similarly formed disc shaped base member.
16. The inhaler according to claim 13 wherein the lower cover has a pair of spaced projections that extend past slots in the disc assembly to engage the underside of the sealing layer whereby rotation of the disc assembly past the projections causes the projections to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartments one by one as the compartments move over the projections.
17. The inhaler according to claim 13 wherein the upper cover is capable of oscillating relative to the lower cover, the oscillation causing rotation of the member to the start position.
18. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein the mechanism comprises a flip top member secured to the sealing layer and having portions adapted to flex upwardly relative to the compartment to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment.
19. The inhaler according to claim 18 wherein the inhaler includes means to flex the portions upwardly as the compartment is displaced relative to the inhaler.
20. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein the mechanism comprises an opener in the form of wedge shaped members mounted spaced apart on a plate which is positioned beneath the array of compartments, the wedge shaped members engaging the underside of the sealing layer, the plate being fixed relative to the inhaler so that displacement of the array of compartments relative to the inhaler causes each compartment to move past the wedge shaped members to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment.
21. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein the inhaler has a one way valve that allows air to be drawn in through the inhaler and out of the mouthpiece but prevents flow of air in the reverse direction.
22. The inhaler according to claim 1 wherein ten compartments are spaced in an array.
23. A disposable cartridge adapted to be received in a body of an inhaler, the cartridge having a plurality of compartments spaced in an array and each arranged to contain a metered dose of medicament, the compartments being displaceable one by one into line with an outlet aperture, each compartment including inner and outer edges, the plurality of compartments being closed by a sealing layer, and a mechanism adapted to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment to open an air passageway defined by the compartment and the sealing layer so that, in use, air flow in the air flow passageway picks up and entrains the powder in the compartment to be drawn with the air out of the cartridge through the outlet aperture.
24. An inhaler for delivering metered doses of powdered medicament, the inhaler comprising a body adapted to receive a disposable disc shaped cartridge, the cartridge having a plurality of compartments spaced in an annular array and each arranged to contain a metered dose of the medicament, a lever to displace the compartments one by one into line with an inhalation aperture positioned in the body to constitute a mouthpiece, each compartment including inner and outer edges, the plurality of compartments being closed by a sealing layer, the inhaler also being provided with a mechanism adapted to lift the sealing layer off the inner and outer edges of the compartment to open an air passageway defined by the inner and outer edges, the compartment and the sealing layer so that, in use, on inhalation through the mouthpiece, air flow in the air flow passageway picks up and entrains the powder in the compartment to be drawn with the air out of the inhaler through the mouthpiece.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/073,739 US20050172963A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2005-03-08 | Inhaler |
Applications Claiming Priority (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPR7830 | 2001-09-19 | ||
AUPR7766A AUPR776601A0 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2001-09-19 | An inhaler |
AUPR7766 | 2001-09-19 | ||
AUPR7830A AUPR783001A0 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2001-09-19 | An inhaler |
AUPR7767 | 2001-09-19 | ||
AUPR7767A AUPR776701A0 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2001-09-19 | An inhaler |
AUPS2938 | 2002-06-13 | ||
AUPS2938A AUPS293802A0 (en) | 2002-06-13 | 2002-06-13 | An inhaler |
PCT/AU2002/001284 WO2003024514A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-09-18 | An inhaler |
US10/275,478 US6871647B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-09-18 | Inhaler |
US11/073,739 US20050172963A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2005-03-08 | Inhaler |
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US10/275,478 Continuation US6871647B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-09-18 | Inhaler |
PCT/AU2002/001284 Continuation WO2003024514A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-09-18 | An inhaler |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20050172963A1 true US20050172963A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
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ID=27424539
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US10/275,478 Expired - Fee Related US6871647B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-09-18 | Inhaler |
US11/073,739 Abandoned US20050172963A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2005-03-08 | Inhaler |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/275,478 Expired - Fee Related US6871647B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-09-18 | Inhaler |
Country Status (6)
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US (2) | US6871647B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4261351B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1313171C (en) |
CA (1) | CA2460904C (en) |
HK (1) | HK1068007A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003024514A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2460904A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
US6871647B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 |
JP2005502440A (en) | 2005-01-27 |
WO2003024514A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
CN1555277A (en) | 2004-12-15 |
US20030178024A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
CN1313171C (en) | 2007-05-02 |
CA2460904C (en) | 2011-03-22 |
JP4261351B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
HK1068007A1 (en) | 2005-04-22 |
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Legal Events
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