US20060125308A1 - Wear ring and extraction device for a rotatable tool - Google Patents
Wear ring and extraction device for a rotatable tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060125308A1 US20060125308A1 US11/011,536 US1153604A US2006125308A1 US 20060125308 A1 US20060125308 A1 US 20060125308A1 US 1153604 A US1153604 A US 1153604A US 2006125308 A1 US2006125308 A1 US 2006125308A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wear ring
- tool
- sleeve
- shank
- outer end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
- E21C35/197—Means for fixing picks or holders using sleeves, rings or the like, as main fixing elements
Definitions
- the present application relates to rotatable tools used in machines to cut hard surfaces, the tools having a non-rotatable retaining sleeve to retain the tool in a tool holder, and in particular to an improved wear ring positioned between the tool and the tool holder that is engaged to the stationary retaining sleeve so as not to rotate with the tool.
- Machines for cutting hard surfaces such as used in the trenching and mining industries and for highway cold planning to remove the upper surface of concrete and asphalt pavement, employ tools fitted into tool holders on a rotating wheel or drum.
- the tools have a tapered forward cutting end and axially located behind the cutting end is a cylindrical shank that rotatably fits within a complementarily shaped bore in the tool holder.
- Such rotatable tools have an annular rearwardly directed flange between the forward cutting end and the shank that contacts the forward surface of the tool holder. Force is applied by the tool holder against the radial flange to force the tool into the hard surface to be cut.
- the shank is retained in the bore of the tool holder by a sleeve made of spring steel so as to be compressible and has an unstressed diameter greater than that of the bore such that the compression of the sleeve retains the sleeve within the bore of the tool holder.
- a sleeve made of spring steel so as to be compressible and has an unstressed diameter greater than that of the bore such that the compression of the sleeve retains the sleeve within the bore of the tool holder.
- the tools are adapted to rotate around the axis of the shank thereby causing the tool to wear evenly around its circumference.
- a tool in a machine may go through 50,000 rotations or more during a single workday.
- the annular rearwardly directed flange of the tool rotates against the forward surface of the tool holder, the rotation of the tool will, over a period of time, cause the forward surface of the tool holder to become worn away.
- the present invention is an improved retainer sleeve and an associated wear ring.
- the device is useable with a tool having a tool body with a tapered forward cutting end with a hardened insert fitted at the forward end of the cutting end of the tool.
- a rearwardly directed annular flange At the rearward end of the forward cutting end is a rearwardly directed annular flange, and axially behind the annular flange is a axially extending cylindrical shank adapted to rotatably fit within a tubular bore of a tool holder.
- the tool holder has a generally planar forward surface and between the forward surface of the tool holder and the annular flange of the tool is an annular wear ring.
- a compressible sleeve is adapted to fit around the circumference of the shank of the tool and within the cylindrical bore of the tool holder to retain the shank of the tool in the tool holder.
- means is provided at the forward end of the compressible sleeve and on the wear ring to prevent the rotation of the wear ring with respect to the sleeve.
- the engagement between the wear ring and the sleeve prevents rotation of the wear ring with the tool.
- the wear ring therefore remains stationary with respect to the forward surface of the tool holder and therefore only the forward surface of the wear ring, which is in contact with the rearwardly directed annular flange of the tool, becomes worn during the operation of the machine.
- the wear ring has a non-circular inner opening that receives a portion of the forward end of the sleeve that is non-circular.
- the forward end of the sleeve may have a crimping therein so as to have an outer shape complementary to the shape of the inner opening of the wear ring.
- the forward end of the sleeve has at least one indentation therein and the inner opening of the wear ring is adapted to fit around the sleeve.
- the wear ring has at least one inwardly directed projection adapted to engage the indentation of the sleeve to prevent rotation of the wear ring with respect to the sleeve.
- the sleeve has an elongate slit along the length thereof that is sized to allow a spacing between the ends of the elongated slit while the sleeve is fitted into the bore of the tool holder and the wear ring has an inwardly directed projection sized to fit between the ends of the sleeving that form the slit to thereby prevent rotation of the wear ring with respect to the sleeve.
- One aspect of the invention is that at least a portion of the outer periphery of the wear ring defines a diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the forward end of the tool holder.
- the outer periphery of the wear ring need not be circular.
- the outer periphery of the wear ring may have one or more protrusions that extend outward of the axis a distance that is beyond the outer surface of the tool holder.
- the outer periphery may be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
- a removal tool can therefore be used to engage the overhang portion of the wear ring to remove the tool from the tool holder when the tool is to be replaced.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a tool having a sleeve and wear ring in accordance with the present invention fitted in a tool holder with the inner portions of the sleeve and wear ring shown in broken lines and the tool holder shown in cross section, and also showing an extraction tool for removing the tool from the holder;
- FIG. 2 is a side-elevational view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 1 with the unseen portions thereof shown in broken lines;
- FIG. 3 is a front-end elevational view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the wear ring for use with the sleeve shown in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the assembled parts including the tool and, the sleeve shown in FIG. 2 and the wear ring shown in FIG. 4 with the parts shown in reduced size;
- FIG. 6 is a side-elevational view of a second embodiment of a sleeve in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 6A is an isometric view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 6 ;
- FIG. 6B is a front-elevational view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 6 ;
- FIG. 7 is a front elevational view of a wear ring in accordance with a second embodiment thereof.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the wear ring shown in FIG. 7 taken through line 8 - 8 thereof;
- FIG. 9 is a side-elevational view of a sleeve in accordance with a third embodiment of the sleeve of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a front-elevational view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 9 .
- FIG. 11 is a bottom elevational view of a wear ring in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 11A is a side elevational view of the sleeve shown in FIG. 6 assembled to the wear ring shown in FIG. 11 ;
- FIG. 12 is an isometric view of a sleeve in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 13 is an isometric view of a sleeve in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 14 is a front elevational view of a wear ring for use with the sleeve shown in FIG. 13 ;
- FIG. 15 is a side-elevational view in reduced size of the sleeve of FIG. 13 and the wear ring of FIG. 14 assembled to a tool with the inner portions of the parts shown in broken lines;
- FIG. 16A is a front elevational view showing one configuration of a wear ring having an outer periphery suitable for receiving an extraction tool
- FIG. 16B is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool
- FIG. 16C is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool
- FIG. 16D is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool
- FIG. 16E is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool
- FIG. 16F is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool.
- FIG. 16G is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool.
- a rotatable tool 10 having a tapered forward cutting end 12 has a hardened insert 14 brazed into a seat at the forward end thereof.
- the tapered forward cutting end 12 reaches a maximum diameter at the rearward end 16 thereof, with the rear surface defined by an annular rearwardly directed planar surface 18 .
- Extending axially from the center of the rearward surface 18 is a cylindrical shank 20 having an enlarged hub 22 at the distal end thereof with a shoulder 19 between the central portion of the shank 20 and the hub 22 .
- the parts of the tool 10 including the forward cutting end 12 , the hardened insert 14 , the rearward surface 18 , the shank 20 and the hub 22 are symmetric about a longitudinal axis 17 .
- a compressible sleeve 24 made of a suitable spring steel.
- the sleeve 24 has an elongate slot 21 having spaced apart ends 23 , 25 such that the circumference of the sleeve 24 can be compressed.
- the rearward end of the sleeve 24 engages the annular shoulder 19 on the shank 20 of the tool 10 to retain the sleeve 24 to the shank 20 of the tool 10 .
- annular wear ring 26 At the forward end of the sleeve 24 and adjacent the rearward surface 18 is an annular wear ring 26 that encircles the forward end of the shank 20 and the sleeve 24 .
- the shank 20 of the rotatable tool 10 and the sleeve 24 are fitted into a bore 28 of a tool holder 30 for retaining the tool 10 to a rotating drum or wheel of a cutting machine, not shown.
- the shank 20 of the tool 10 is retained within the bore 28 of the tool holder 30 by radially outwardly exerted pressure caused when the compressible sleeve 24 is compressed and fitted into the bore 28 .
- the tool holder 30 is retained to the rotating drum or wheel by suitable means, not shown, and the tool holder 30 has an annular planar forward surface 32 perpendicular to the axis 34 of the bore 28 .
- the rearward surface 18 of the tool 10 abuts the forward surface of the wear ring 26
- the rearward surface of the wear ring 26 abuts the forward surface 32 of the tool holder 30 .
- force is applied through the forward surface 32 , and through the surfaces of the wear ring 26 and against the rearward surface 18 of the tool to force the hardened insert 14 into the surface to be cut by the machine.
- the tool 10 is caused to rotate around its longitudinal axis 17 at the same time that strong forces are applied through the forward surface 32 of the tool holder 30 .
- the wear ring 26 is positioned between the forward surface 32 of the tool holder and the rearward surface 18 of the tool 10 , and when the wear ring 26 operates properly, it remains stationary with the tool holder 30 while the tool 10 rotates, causing wear to occur between the rearward surface 18 of the tool 10 and the forward surface of the wear ring 26 .
- the wear ring 26 was free to rotate with the tool 10 , thereby causing wear to the forward surface 32 of the tool holder 30 .
- the tools 10 of a machine are mounted on the drum or wheel at an angle of about seven degrees from a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
- the tool 10 is therefore at an angle to the surface being cut as the drum of the wheel rotates causing force to be applied to the outer surface of the tool.
- the same forces that cause the tool to rotate are applied to the outer surface of the wear ring unless the diameter of the wear ring is significantly less than that of the flange 16 of the tool 10 .
- the forward end of the sleeve 24 is provided with a plurality of radially outwardly extending projections 38 defining a maximum outer diameter 39 .
- the forward end of the sleeve is non-circular.
- the wear ring 26 has a central opening 40 defined by a plurality of arcuate portions 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 .
- Arcuate portions 42 , 44 , 46 and 48 define a first diameter 51 that is larger than the diameter of the shank 20 such that the shank 20 can freely rotate within the first diameter 51 .
- the first diameter 51 is less than the diameter defined by the projections 38 of the sleeve 24 , while the sleeve 24 is fitted into the bore 28 .
- Portions 43 , 45 , 47 , and 49 of the central opening 40 define a second diameter 52 that is larger than the diameter 39 defined by the projections 38 of the sleeve.
- Shoulders 53 - 53 are positioned between all the adjacent arcuate portions 42 - 49 , and accordingly there are eight shoulders 53 - 53 .
- the projections 38 of the sleeve 24 will fit within the large diameter portions 43 , 45 , 47 , 49 of the opening 40 of the wear ring 26 . Accordingly, the projections 38 will engage the various shoulders 53 - 53 within the central opening 40 of the wear ring 26 , thereby retaining the wear ring 26 from rotating with respect to the sleeve 24 . As a result, the forward surface 32 of the tool holder 30 will not become worn as the tool 10 rotates.
- another aspect of the present invention is that the outer diameter 55 of the wear ring 26 is sufficiently larger than the width 56 of the forward end of the tool holder 30 that a portion of the outer end of the wear ring extends beyond the side of the tool holder.
- a removal tool 57 can be fit behind the overhang where the outer end of the wear ring extends beyond the side of the tool holder and used to force the tool 10 from the tool holder 30 when the tool 10 is to be replaced.
- the outer end of a wear ring be circular to provide an overhang sufficient to receive the end of a removal tool 57 , it is only necessary that a portion of the outer end of the wear ring extend radially outward a distance that is greater than the radial distance to one side wall 59 of the tool holder 30 .
- the outer periphery of a wear ring 26 A- 26 G may have any of the shapes depicted in these figures as long as the outer ends 55 A- 55 G extend beyond the side wall 59 of the tool holder 30 when fitted around the shank of a tool. In FIGS.
- wear rings 26 A and 26 B each have two radially opposing projections that extend beyond the intersection of the forward surface 32 and the side wall 59 .
- wear rings 26 C and 26 D each have four generally equally spaced radial projections.
- wear ring 26 E has six radial projections.
- wear rings 26 F and 26 G have three and five radial projections respectively.
- the central openings 40 A- 40 G of the various wear rings are depicted as being circular, the central opening 40 A- 40 G may have any shape and fall within this aspect of the invention. Where the wear ring 26 A- 26 G is to interact with a sleeve to prevent the rotation of the wear ring, the central opening will bear one of the shapes described elsewhere herein.
- a sleeve 60 is made of a spring steel and has an elongate slot 61 therein so as to be compressible and fitted within the bore 28 of a tool holder 30 .
- At the forward end of the sleeve 60 are notches 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , each of which has a width 66 .
- a wear ring 67 for use with the sleeve 60 has an outer diameter that is a little larger than the outer diameter of the rearward end 16 of the cutting end 12 of the tool 10 so as to form an overhang that can be engaged by a removal tool as has been described above.
- the wear ring 67 also has a central opening 68 with a diameter larger than the diameter of the bore 28 of the tool holder 30 . Accordingly, when the sleeve 60 is compressed and fitted into the bore 28 at the forward end of the tool holder, the compressed sleeve 60 will fit freely within the central opening 68 of the wear ring 67 .
- the projection 69 Extending radially inwardly from the wall of the central opening 68 of the wear ring 67 is a projection 69 .
- the projection 69 has a width 70 , defined by the tangent of the arc occupied by the projection 69 , that is less than the width 66 of the notches 62 - 65 in the forward end of the sleeve 60 . Accordingly, when the wear ring 67 is fitted on the forward end of a shank 20 and around the forward end of the sleeve 60 , the projection 69 fits into one of the notches 62 - 65 thereby preventing the wear ring 67 from rotating with respect to the sleeve 60 .
- the sleeve 60 is depicted as having four notches 62 - 65 , the sleeve 60 can be formed with any number of notches as long as at least one notch has a width 66 suitable to accept the projection 69 .
- a third embodiment of a sleeve 72 has an elongate slot 73 therein having spaced edges 74 , 75 .
- the corners 78 , 80 formed by the intersection of the edges 74 , 75 and the forward end 76 of the sleeve are folded so as to extend radially outward as depicted.
- the corners 78 , 80 define a diameter that is greater than that of the bore 28 .
- the sleeve 72 is usable with the wear ring 26 depicted in FIG. 4 .
- the corners 78 , 80 of the sleeve will enter into the large second diameter 52 formed by portions 43 , 45 , 57 , 49 of the wear ring 26 and engage the shoulders 53 - 53 to thereby prevent rotation of the wear ring 26 with respect to the sleeve 72 .
- a wear ring 84 has a central opening 81 , and a projection 88 positioned adjacent the central opening that extends axially rearwardly of the rearward surface 89 thereof.
- the wear ring 84 does not fit around the forward end of the sleeve 60 , as was the case with the previously discussed wear rings 26 and 67 .
- the wear ring 84 is useable in conjunction with the sleeve 60 . When used with sleeve 60 , the axial extension 88 of the wear ring 84 extends into one of the notches 62 - 65 of the sleeve 60 .
- sleeve 85 has an elongate slot 87 through the length thereof and at the intersection of the sides 83 , 89 of the slot 87 and at the forward end 90 of the sleeve 85 are cut outs 91 , 92 .
- the sleeve 85 , a tool 10 , and a wear ring, such as wear ring 67 or wear ring 84 , can be fitted around the shank 20 of the tool 10 .
- the projection 69 , 88 of the wear ring 67 , 84 will extend between the cut out portions 91 , 92 at the forward end of the sleeve 85 .
- the sleeve 85 could be manufactured with the sides 83 , 89 of the slot 87 spaced sufficiently far apart to permit the projections 69 , 88 from one of the wear rings 67 , 84 to extend between the sides 83 , 89 without requiring cut outs such as cut outs 91 , 92 shown with respect to the sleeve 85 .
- the essential elements of all the forgoing embodiment are an indentation or projection on a wear ring 26 , 67 , 84 that engages a complementary-shaped projection or indentation on a sleeve 24 , 60 , 72 , 85 to thereby prevent rotation of the wear ring 26 , 67 , 84 with respect to the sleeve when the parts are assembled together.
- FIGS. 13 through 15 disclose a somewhat different embodiment of the invention in which a sleeve 93 has a generally cylindrical body with an elongate slot 94 and a radially outwardly directed flare 95 at the forward end thereof.
- the wear ring 96 for use with the sleeve 93 has an annular body with planar, forward and rearward surfaces, and a cylindrical central opening 98 .
- the sleeve 93 is compressed within the bore of the tool holder, not shown, and the radially outwardly directed forces of the sleeve 93 against the inner wall of the tool holder prevents the sleeve 93 from rotating with the tool.
- the flare 95 of the sleeve 93 contacts the central opening 98 of the wear ring 96 , and the resistance caused by the contact of the flared surface 95 against the inner opening 98 of the wear ring 96 is sufficient to prevent the wear ring 96 from rotating.
Abstract
A rotatable tool has a cylindrical shank and a compressible sleeve fitted thereon to retain the shank in the bore of a tool holder. A wear ring is positioned behind the forward cutting end of the tool and against the forward surface of the tool holder. The compressible sleeve is locked to the wear ring to prevent rotation of the wear ring with the tool. Also, the outer diameter of the wear ring is greater than the width of the forward surface of the tool holder forming an overhang, and a second tool can then be used to engage the overhang to remove the tool from the tool holder.
Description
- The present application relates to rotatable tools used in machines to cut hard surfaces, the tools having a non-rotatable retaining sleeve to retain the tool in a tool holder, and in particular to an improved wear ring positioned between the tool and the tool holder that is engaged to the stationary retaining sleeve so as not to rotate with the tool.
- Machines for cutting hard surfaces, such as used in the trenching and mining industries and for highway cold planning to remove the upper surface of concrete and asphalt pavement, employ tools fitted into tool holders on a rotating wheel or drum. The tools have a tapered forward cutting end and axially located behind the cutting end is a cylindrical shank that rotatably fits within a complementarily shaped bore in the tool holder. Such rotatable tools have an annular rearwardly directed flange between the forward cutting end and the shank that contacts the forward surface of the tool holder. Force is applied by the tool holder against the radial flange to force the tool into the hard surface to be cut. The shank is retained in the bore of the tool holder by a sleeve made of spring steel so as to be compressible and has an unstressed diameter greater than that of the bore such that the compression of the sleeve retains the sleeve within the bore of the tool holder. To prevent the withdrawal of the tool from the sleeve inwardly directed projections on the inner surface of the sleeve engage one or more annular rings around the circumference of the shank of the tool.
- To maximize the useful life of such tools, the tools are adapted to rotate around the axis of the shank thereby causing the tool to wear evenly around its circumference. A tool in a machine may go through 50,000 rotations or more during a single workday. Where the annular rearwardly directed flange of the tool rotates against the forward surface of the tool holder, the rotation of the tool will, over a period of time, cause the forward surface of the tool holder to become worn away. To prevent such wear, it is common to provide an annular wear ring around the shank of the tool between the forward surface of the tool holder and the rearwardly directed flange of the tool.
- When the wear ring operates properly, the wear ring remains stationary against the forward surface of the tool holder while the tool rotates against the surface of the wear ring such that only the forward surface of the wear ring becomes worn. Tool rotation occurs because the tool is mounted at an angle of about seven degrees from a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drum or wheel. As a result of the angle, when the tool impacts against a surface to be cut, there is a component of force applied to the outer surface of the tool that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Some of this force is applied to the outer circumference of the wear ring and, as a result, to some degree the wear ring rotates with the tool rather than remaining stationary with the tool holder. When this occurs the wear ring, which is intended to protect the forward end of the tool holder, causes wear to the surface it was intended to protect. It would be desirable, therefore, to provide an improved wear ring that would be locked against rotation with the tool during the operation of the machine.
- Briefly, the present invention is an improved retainer sleeve and an associated wear ring. The device is useable with a tool having a tool body with a tapered forward cutting end with a hardened insert fitted at the forward end of the cutting end of the tool. At the rearward end of the forward cutting end is a rearwardly directed annular flange, and axially behind the annular flange is a axially extending cylindrical shank adapted to rotatably fit within a tubular bore of a tool holder. The tool holder has a generally planar forward surface and between the forward surface of the tool holder and the annular flange of the tool is an annular wear ring. A compressible sleeve is adapted to fit around the circumference of the shank of the tool and within the cylindrical bore of the tool holder to retain the shank of the tool in the tool holder.
- In accordance with the present invention, means is provided at the forward end of the compressible sleeve and on the wear ring to prevent the rotation of the wear ring with respect to the sleeve. The engagement between the wear ring and the sleeve prevents rotation of the wear ring with the tool. The wear ring therefore remains stationary with respect to the forward surface of the tool holder and therefore only the forward surface of the wear ring, which is in contact with the rearwardly directed annular flange of the tool, becomes worn during the operation of the machine.
- In one embodiment of the invention, the wear ring has a non-circular inner opening that receives a portion of the forward end of the sleeve that is non-circular. The forward end of the sleeve may have a crimping therein so as to have an outer shape complementary to the shape of the inner opening of the wear ring.
- In another embodiment of the invention, the forward end of the sleeve has at least one indentation therein and the inner opening of the wear ring is adapted to fit around the sleeve. The wear ring has at least one inwardly directed projection adapted to engage the indentation of the sleeve to prevent rotation of the wear ring with respect to the sleeve.
- In another embodiment, the sleeve has an elongate slit along the length thereof that is sized to allow a spacing between the ends of the elongated slit while the sleeve is fitted into the bore of the tool holder and the wear ring has an inwardly directed projection sized to fit between the ends of the sleeving that form the slit to thereby prevent rotation of the wear ring with respect to the sleeve.
- One aspect of the invention is that at least a portion of the outer periphery of the wear ring defines a diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the forward end of the tool holder. To this end, the outer periphery of the wear ring need not be circular. The outer periphery of the wear ring may have one or more protrusions that extend outward of the axis a distance that is beyond the outer surface of the tool holder. The outer periphery may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. A removal tool can therefore be used to engage the overhang portion of the wear ring to remove the tool from the tool holder when the tool is to be replaced.
- A better understanding of the invention will be had after a reading of the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a tool having a sleeve and wear ring in accordance with the present invention fitted in a tool holder with the inner portions of the sleeve and wear ring shown in broken lines and the tool holder shown in cross section, and also showing an extraction tool for removing the tool from the holder; -
FIG. 2 is a side-elevational view of the sleeve shown inFIG. 1 with the unseen portions thereof shown in broken lines; -
FIG. 3 is a front-end elevational view of the sleeve shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the wear ring for use with the sleeve shown inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the assembled parts including the tool and, the sleeve shown inFIG. 2 and the wear ring shown inFIG. 4 with the parts shown in reduced size; -
FIG. 6 is a side-elevational view of a second embodiment of a sleeve in accordance with the invention; -
FIG. 6A is an isometric view of the sleeve shown inFIG. 6 ; -
FIG. 6B is a front-elevational view of the sleeve shown inFIG. 6 ; -
FIG. 7 is a front elevational view of a wear ring in accordance with a second embodiment thereof; -
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the wear ring shown inFIG. 7 taken through line 8-8 thereof; -
FIG. 9 is a side-elevational view of a sleeve in accordance with a third embodiment of the sleeve of the invention; -
FIG. 10 is a front-elevational view of the sleeve shown inFIG. 9 . -
FIG. 11 is a bottom elevational view of a wear ring in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 11A is a side elevational view of the sleeve shown inFIG. 6 assembled to the wear ring shown inFIG. 11 ; -
FIG. 12 is an isometric view of a sleeve in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 13 is an isometric view of a sleeve in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 14 is a front elevational view of a wear ring for use with the sleeve shown inFIG. 13 ; -
FIG. 15 is a side-elevational view in reduced size of the sleeve ofFIG. 13 and the wear ring ofFIG. 14 assembled to a tool with the inner portions of the parts shown in broken lines; -
FIG. 16A is a front elevational view showing one configuration of a wear ring having an outer periphery suitable for receiving an extraction tool; -
FIG. 16B is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool; -
FIG. 16C is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool; -
FIG. 16D is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool; -
FIG. 16E is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool; -
FIG. 16F is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool; and -
FIG. 16G is a front elevational view of another configuration of a wear ring suitable for receiving an extraction tool. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 through 5 , arotatable tool 10 having a tapered forward cuttingend 12 has a hardenedinsert 14 brazed into a seat at the forward end thereof. The tapered forward cuttingend 12 reaches a maximum diameter at therearward end 16 thereof, with the rear surface defined by an annular rearwardly directedplanar surface 18. Extending axially from the center of therearward surface 18 is acylindrical shank 20 having anenlarged hub 22 at the distal end thereof with ashoulder 19 between the central portion of theshank 20 and thehub 22. The parts of thetool 10, including the forward cuttingend 12, thehardened insert 14, therearward surface 18, theshank 20 and thehub 22 are symmetric about alongitudinal axis 17. - Fitted around the circumference of the
shank 20 is acompressible sleeve 24 made of a suitable spring steel. Thesleeve 24 has anelongate slot 21 having spaced apart ends 23, 25 such that the circumference of thesleeve 24 can be compressed. The rearward end of thesleeve 24 engages theannular shoulder 19 on theshank 20 of thetool 10 to retain thesleeve 24 to theshank 20 of thetool 10. At the forward end of thesleeve 24 and adjacent therearward surface 18 is anannular wear ring 26 that encircles the forward end of theshank 20 and thesleeve 24. - The
shank 20 of therotatable tool 10 and thesleeve 24 are fitted into abore 28 of atool holder 30 for retaining thetool 10 to a rotating drum or wheel of a cutting machine, not shown. Theshank 20 of thetool 10 is retained within thebore 28 of thetool holder 30 by radially outwardly exerted pressure caused when thecompressible sleeve 24 is compressed and fitted into thebore 28. Thetool holder 30 is retained to the rotating drum or wheel by suitable means, not shown, and thetool holder 30 has an annular planarforward surface 32 perpendicular to theaxis 34 of thebore 28. When thetool 10, thesleeve 24, and thewear ring 26 are assembled to thetool holder 30, therearward surface 18 of thetool 10 abuts the forward surface of thewear ring 26, and the rearward surface of thewear ring 26 abuts theforward surface 32 of thetool holder 30. When the machine, not shown, is used to cut a hard surface, force is applied through theforward surface 32, and through the surfaces of thewear ring 26 and against therearward surface 18 of the tool to force thehardened insert 14 into the surface to be cut by the machine. - As the machine cuts a hard surface, the
tool 10 is caused to rotate around itslongitudinal axis 17 at the same time that strong forces are applied through theforward surface 32 of thetool holder 30. Thewear ring 26 is positioned between theforward surface 32 of the tool holder and therearward surface 18 of thetool 10, and when thewear ring 26 operates properly, it remains stationary with thetool holder 30 while thetool 10 rotates, causing wear to occur between therearward surface 18 of thetool 10 and the forward surface of thewear ring 26. - Prior to the present invention, the
wear ring 26 was free to rotate with thetool 10, thereby causing wear to theforward surface 32 of thetool holder 30. Thetools 10 of a machine are mounted on the drum or wheel at an angle of about seven degrees from a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Thetool 10 is therefore at an angle to the surface being cut as the drum of the wheel rotates causing force to be applied to the outer surface of the tool. Where the tool has a wear ring, the same forces that cause the tool to rotate are applied to the outer surface of the wear ring unless the diameter of the wear ring is significantly less than that of theflange 16 of thetool 10. - Referring to
FIGS. 2 and 3 , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, to prevent the rotation of thewear ring 26 with thetool 10, the forward end of thesleeve 24 is provided with a plurality of radially outwardly extendingprojections 38 defining a maximumouter diameter 39. As a result of theprojections 38, the forward end of the sleeve is non-circular. - Referring to
FIGS. 1, 3 , 4, and 5, thewear ring 26 has acentral opening 40 defined by a plurality ofarcuate portions Arcuate portions first diameter 51 that is larger than the diameter of theshank 20 such that theshank 20 can freely rotate within thefirst diameter 51. On the other hand, thefirst diameter 51 is less than the diameter defined by theprojections 38 of thesleeve 24, while thesleeve 24 is fitted into thebore 28.Portions central opening 40 define asecond diameter 52 that is larger than thediameter 39 defined by theprojections 38 of the sleeve. Shoulders 53-53 are positioned between all the adjacent arcuate portions 42-49, and accordingly there are eight shoulders 53-53. - When the parts, including the
tool 10, thesleeve 24, and wearring 26 are assembled together into thetool holder 30, as shown inFIG. 1 , theprojections 38 of thesleeve 24 will fit within thelarge diameter portions opening 40 of thewear ring 26. Accordingly, theprojections 38 will engage the various shoulders 53-53 within thecentral opening 40 of thewear ring 26, thereby retaining thewear ring 26 from rotating with respect to thesleeve 24. As a result, theforward surface 32 of thetool holder 30 will not become worn as thetool 10 rotates. - Referring further to
FIGS. 1 and 4 , another aspect of the present invention is that theouter diameter 55 of thewear ring 26 is sufficiently larger than thewidth 56 of the forward end of thetool holder 30 that a portion of the outer end of the wear ring extends beyond the side of the tool holder. Aremoval tool 57 can be fit behind the overhang where the outer end of the wear ring extends beyond the side of the tool holder and used to force thetool 10 from thetool holder 30 when thetool 10 is to be replaced. - It is not necessary that the outer end of a wear ring be circular to provide an overhang sufficient to receive the end of a
removal tool 57, it is only necessary that a portion of the outer end of the wear ring extend radially outward a distance that is greater than the radial distance to oneside wall 59 of thetool holder 30. Referring toFIGS. 16A-16G , the outer periphery of awear ring 26A-26G may have any of the shapes depicted in these figures as long as the outer ends 55A-55G extend beyond theside wall 59 of thetool holder 30 when fitted around the shank of a tool. InFIGS. 16A and 16B , wear rings 26A and 26B each have two radially opposing projections that extend beyond the intersection of theforward surface 32 and theside wall 59. InFIGS. 16C and 16D , wearrings FIG. 16E , wearring 26E has six radial projections. InFIGS. 16F and 16G , wear rings 26F and 26G have three and five radial projections respectively. Although thecentral openings 40A-40G of the various wear rings are depicted as being circular, thecentral opening 40A-40G may have any shape and fall within this aspect of the invention. Where thewear ring 26A-26G is to interact with a sleeve to prevent the rotation of the wear ring, the central opening will bear one of the shapes described elsewhere herein. - Referring to
FIGS. 1, 6 , 6A, 6B, 7, and 8 in another embodiment of the invention, asleeve 60 is made of a spring steel and has anelongate slot 61 therein so as to be compressible and fitted within thebore 28 of atool holder 30. At the forward end of thesleeve 60 arenotches - A
wear ring 67 for use with thesleeve 60 has an outer diameter that is a little larger than the outer diameter of therearward end 16 of the cuttingend 12 of thetool 10 so as to form an overhang that can be engaged by a removal tool as has been described above. Thewear ring 67 also has acentral opening 68 with a diameter larger than the diameter of thebore 28 of thetool holder 30. Accordingly, when thesleeve 60 is compressed and fitted into thebore 28 at the forward end of the tool holder, thecompressed sleeve 60 will fit freely within thecentral opening 68 of thewear ring 67. - Extending radially inwardly from the wall of the
central opening 68 of thewear ring 67 is aprojection 69. Theprojection 69 has a width 70, defined by the tangent of the arc occupied by theprojection 69, that is less than the width 66 of the notches 62-65 in the forward end of thesleeve 60. Accordingly, when thewear ring 67 is fitted on the forward end of ashank 20 and around the forward end of thesleeve 60, theprojection 69 fits into one of the notches 62-65 thereby preventing thewear ring 67 from rotating with respect to thesleeve 60. - It should be appreciated that while the
sleeve 60 is depicted as having four notches 62-65, thesleeve 60 can be formed with any number of notches as long as at least one notch has a width 66 suitable to accept theprojection 69. - Referring to
FIGS. 9 and 10 , a third embodiment of asleeve 72 has an elongate slot 73 therein having spacededges corners edges forward end 76 of the sleeve are folded so as to extend radially outward as depicted. When thesleeve 72 is thereafter compressed and fitted into thebore 28 of thetool holder 30, thecorners bore 28. - The
sleeve 72 is usable with thewear ring 26 depicted inFIG. 4 . When theforward end 76 of thesleeve 72 is fitted into thecentral opening 40 of thewear ring 26, thecorners second diameter 52 formed byportions wear ring 26 and engage the shoulders 53-53 to thereby prevent rotation of thewear ring 26 with respect to thesleeve 72. - It should be appreciated that the wear ring may have any of a number of configurations and fall within the scope of the present invention. Referring to
FIGS. 6, 6A , 6B, 11, and 11A, awear ring 84 has a central opening 81, and aprojection 88 positioned adjacent the central opening that extends axially rearwardly of therearward surface 89 thereof. In this embodiment, thewear ring 84 does not fit around the forward end of thesleeve 60, as was the case with the previously discussed wear rings 26 and 67. Thewear ring 84 is useable in conjunction with thesleeve 60. When used withsleeve 60, theaxial extension 88 of thewear ring 84 extends into one of the notches 62-65 of thesleeve 60. - It should also be appreciated that the sleeve may also have any of a number of configurations and fall within the spirit of the invention. Referring to
FIGS. 7, 8 , 11, 1 1A, and 12, sleeve 85 has anelongate slot 87 through the length thereof and at the intersection of thesides slot 87 and at theforward end 90 of the sleeve 85 are cutouts tool 10, and a wear ring, such aswear ring 67 or wearring 84, can be fitted around theshank 20 of thetool 10. Theprojection wear ring portions - It should be appreciated that the sleeve 85 could be manufactured with the
sides slot 87 spaced sufficiently far apart to permit theprojections sides cut outs - The essential elements of all the forgoing embodiment are an indentation or projection on a
wear ring sleeve wear ring -
FIGS. 13 through 15 disclose a somewhat different embodiment of the invention in which asleeve 93 has a generally cylindrical body with anelongate slot 94 and a radially outwardly directedflare 95 at the forward end thereof. Thewear ring 96 for use with thesleeve 93 has an annular body with planar, forward and rearward surfaces, and a cylindricalcentral opening 98. When thesleeve 93 is fitted around theshank 100 of atool 102 having a retaining hub 104 at the distal end thereof, ashoulder 106 at the forward end of the hub 104 retains thesleeve 93 on theshank 100. Thesleeve 93 is compressed within the bore of the tool holder, not shown, and the radially outwardly directed forces of thesleeve 93 against the inner wall of the tool holder prevents thesleeve 93 from rotating with the tool. Theflare 95 of thesleeve 93 contacts thecentral opening 98 of thewear ring 96, and the resistance caused by the contact of the flaredsurface 95 against theinner opening 98 of thewear ring 96 is sufficient to prevent thewear ring 96 from rotating. - While the invention has been described with respect to several embodiments, it will be appreciated that there are many other configurations and embodiments which would fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore the intent of the appended claims to cover all such modifications and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. The combination comprising:
a tool body having a tapered forward cutting end, an axial shank extending rearwardly of said forward cutting end, and a rearwardly facing annular surface joining a rearward end of said forward cutting end to a forward end of said shank,
a compressible sleeve around said shank,
an annular wear ring around said compressible sleeve,
a tool holder having an axial bore and a forward surface and a side surface intersecting said forward surface, said shank of said tool within said compressible sleeve and said wear ring thereon inserted into said bore of said tool holder, and
said wear ring having an outer end extending radially beyond said intersection of said side surface and said forward surface and forms an overhang wherein a second tool can engage said overhang to remove said tool from said tool holder.
2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said wear ring includes means for locking said wear ring against rotation with respect to said sleeve.
3. The combination of claim 1 wherein said outer end includes two diametrically opposing radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
4. The combination of claim 1 wherein said outer end includes four equally spaced radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
5. The combination of claim 1 wherein said outer end includes at least one radial protrusion wherein an outermost end of said at least one protrusion extends radially beyond said intersection.
6. A tool for use in a tool holder having a cylindrical bore, a forward surface and a side surface, said side surface intersecting said forward surface, said tool comprising
a tool body having a tapered forward cutting end, an axial shank extending rearwardly of said forward cutting end, and a rearwardly facing annular surface joining a rearward end of said forward cutting end to a forward end of said shank,
a compressible sleeve around said shank,
an annular wear ring around said compressible sleeve,
said wear ring having an outer end defining a radius greater than the distance from a center of said cylindrical bore to said intersection wherein said outer end of said wear ring extends beyond said intersection when said shank of said tool with said sleeve and said wear ring thereon is inserted into said bore and wherein a second tool can engage an overhang of said wear ring beyond said outer surface to remove said tool from said tool holder.
7. The tool of claim 6 wherein said wear ring includes means for locking said wear ring against rotation with respect to said sleeve.
8. The tool of claim 6 wherein said outer end includes two diametrically opposing radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
9. The tool of claim 6 wherein said outer end includes four equally spaced radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
10. The tool of claim 6 wherein said outer end includes at least one radial protrusion wherein an outermost end of said at least one protrusion extends radially beyond said intersection.
11. A wear ring for use with a rotatable tool having a tapered forward cutting end and a rearwardly extending cylindrical shank, said shank being rotatably received in a bore in a forward surface of a tool holder, said tool holder having a forward surface, an outer surface, said outer surface intersecting said forward surface, said wear ring comprising
a body having a rearward surface, an inner opening and an outer end,
said inner opening for receiving said shank of said tool,
said outer end of said wear ring defining a radius larger than a distance between a center of said bore and said intersection wherein a second tool is engagable behind an overhand formed by said outer end of said wear ring for removing said tool from said tool holder.
12. The wear ring of claim 11 wherein said wear ring includes means for locking said wear ring against rotation with respect to said sleeve.
13. The wear ring of claim 11 wherein said outer end includes two diametrically opposing radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
14. The wear ring of claim 11 wherein said outer end includes four equally spaced radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
15. The wear ring of claim 11 wherein said outer end includes at least one radial protrusion wherein an outermost end of said at least one protrusion extends radially beyond said intersection.
16. A wear ring for use with a rotatable tool having a tapered forward cutting end and a rearwardly extending cylindrical shank, said shank being rotatably received in a bore in a forward surface of a tool holder, said tool holder having an outer surface intersecting said forward surface, said wear ring comprising
a body having a rearward surface, an inner opening and an outer end,
said inner opening for receiving said shank of said tool,
an axially rearwardly extending projection from said rearward surface engagable by a non-rotatable member to prevent rotation of said wear ring with said tool.
17. The wear ring of claim 16 wherein said outer end includes two diametrically opposing radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
18. The wear ring of claim 16 wherein said outer end includes four equally spaced radial protrusions with the outermost portions of said radial protrusions extending radially beyond said intersection.
19. The wear ring of claim 16 wherein said outer end includes at least one radial protrusion wherein an outermost end of said at least one protrusion extends radially beyond said intersection.
20. The wear ring of claim 16 wherein said outer end is circular.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/011,536 US20060125308A1 (en) | 2004-12-14 | 2004-12-14 | Wear ring and extraction device for a rotatable tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/011,536 US20060125308A1 (en) | 2004-12-14 | 2004-12-14 | Wear ring and extraction device for a rotatable tool |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060125308A1 true US20060125308A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
Family
ID=36582960
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/011,536 Abandoned US20060125308A1 (en) | 2004-12-14 | 2004-12-14 | Wear ring and extraction device for a rotatable tool |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20060125308A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
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US20090162159A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2009-06-25 | Karl Kammerer | Circular-Shank Tool Comprising a Tool Holder |
US20090160237A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2009-06-25 | Karl Kammerer | Circular-Shank Tool Comprising a Tool Holder |
WO2010021582A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-25 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Full sleeve retainer for step-shank of tool |
WO2011016765A1 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-10 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Non-rotating washer for tool pick, tool and block assembly, method to reduce erosive wear and material removal machine |
US20120319454A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-20 | Kennametal Inc. | Retainer Sleeve and Washer for Cutting Tool |
WO2013053813A3 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2014-04-03 | Betek Gmbh & Co. Kg | Securing element for a shank tool |
US9144922B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2015-09-29 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Shank-type pick |
US9222354B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2015-12-29 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Tool system |
US9399914B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2016-07-26 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Tool holder |
US10422324B2 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-09-24 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Wear ring for integrated drive generator |
US11898446B1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-13 | Kennametal Inc. | Tool retainer |
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US20090162159A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2009-06-25 | Karl Kammerer | Circular-Shank Tool Comprising a Tool Holder |
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US8573707B2 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-11-05 | Kennametal Inc. | Retainer sleeve and washer for cutting tool |
US20120319454A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-20 | Kennametal Inc. | Retainer Sleeve and Washer for Cutting Tool |
WO2013053813A3 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2014-04-03 | Betek Gmbh & Co. Kg | Securing element for a shank tool |
US9144922B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2015-09-29 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Shank-type pick |
US9222354B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2015-12-29 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Tool system |
US9399914B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2016-07-26 | Wirtgen Gmbh | Tool holder |
US10422324B2 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-09-24 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Wear ring for integrated drive generator |
US11898446B1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-13 | Kennametal Inc. | Tool retainer |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SOLLAMI COMPANY, THE, ILLINOIS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SOLLAMI, PHILLIP A.;REEL/FRAME:016088/0696 Effective date: 20041210 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |