US20070149132A1 - Methods and apparatus related to selecting control channel reporting formats - Google Patents
Methods and apparatus related to selecting control channel reporting formats Download PDFInfo
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- US20070149132A1 US20070149132A1 US11/581,218 US58121806A US2007149132A1 US 20070149132 A1 US20070149132 A1 US 20070149132A1 US 58121806 A US58121806 A US 58121806A US 2007149132 A1 US2007149132 A1 US 2007149132A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0028—Formatting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0028—Formatting
- H04L1/003—Adaptive formatting arrangements particular to signalling, e.g. variable amount of bits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
- H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wireless communications methods and apparatus and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for implementing and using control channels.
- multiple wireless terminals are typically in competition for limited air link resources.
- a wireless terminal operating in a state supporting uplink and downlink user data traffic signaling, typically tries to routinely communicate control information to a base station attachment point.
- control information may be communicated in the form of control information reports which allow the base station attachment point to obtain information about the wireless terminal status and effectively allocate resources.
- Different wireless terminals using the same base station attachment point often have different reporting needs and priorities.
- a first wireless terminal operating from a current stationary position, with no or minimal obstructions between itself and the base station attachment point, and needing to communicate small amounts of user data infrequently may have very different control information reporting needs than another, e.g., second, wireless terminal, e.g., a mobile node in a moving automobile, experiencing rapidly changing channel conditions and/or needing to communicate large amounts of data frequently.
- Using a universal single control information reporting format to report control information to a base station although simple to implement can result in inefficiencies due to tradeoffs made to accommodate the wide variety of different types of anticipated concurrent users with reasonable degree of effectiveness.
- Various embodiments are directed to methods and apparatus related to control information reporting over wireless communication channels including control information reporting format alternatives. Selection between various control reporting format alternatives is performed, in some embodiments, by a wireless terminal and/or a base station.
- a method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station includes: determining a set of control information reports to be transmitted, e.g., selecting between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats where said set of control information reports corresponds to a reporting format; generating the determined set of control information reports; and communicating said generated set of control information reports.
- the control information reporting format is selected as a function of an application being executed, e.g., a voice application vs a data application.
- control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel conditions, system loading, and user quality of service information. In some embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of a received command signal and a received request signal.
- An exemplary communications device e.g., wireless terminal, in accordance with some but not necessarily all embodiments, includes a report format selection module for selecting a reporting format.
- the reporting format is one of a plurality of supported reporting formats.
- the reporting format specifies a set of report definitions, e.g., one or more report definitions. In some embodiments, the report format also specifies a reporting schedule as part of the report format.
- the communications device further includes a report generation module for generating a sequence of reports in accordance with a reporting schedule which is part of a particular selected reporting format and at least one definition in the set of report definitions.
- the communications device may also include a transmitter for transmitting the generated sequence of reports.
- a method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a base station, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, in accordance with various embodiments, includes: determining a set of control information reports, e.g., one or more reports, to be transmitted.
- the set of control information reports in some embodiments corresponds to a reporting format. Determining a set of control information reports to be transmitted may include selecting between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats.
- Interacting with the second communications device may further include generating the determined set of control information reports; and communicating the generated set of control information reports, e.g., by transmitting them over a wireless communications link to the second communications device
- the transmission may, but need not be, in a control channel dedicated to use by the first communications device.
- An exemplary communications device e.g., base station, in accordance with various exemplary embodiments, includes: a report format selection module for selecting a reporting format where the selected reporting format is one of a plurality of supported reporting formats.
- the reporting format indicates a set of report definitions and, in some but not necessarily all embodiments, also indicates a reporting schedule.
- the base station may also include a report recovery module for recovering report information from a sequence of received reports in accordance with the selected reporting schedule and at least some definitions in the set of report definitions.
- the base station may include a receiver for receiving said sequence of reports.
- the control information reporting format is selected as a function of an application being executed, e.g., a voice application vs a data application.
- the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel conditions, system loading, and user quality of service information.
- the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of a received command signal and a received request signal.
- FIG. 1 is drawing of an exemplary wireless communications system implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., base station, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., wireless terminal such as a mobile node, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- wireless terminal such as a mobile node
- FIG. 4 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., base station, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal such as a mobile node, in accordance with various embodiments.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station.
- a first communications device e.g., a wireless terminal
- a second communications device e.g., a base station.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station.
- a first communications device e.g., a wireless terminal
- a second communications device e.g., a base station.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station.
- a first communications device e.g., a wireless terminal
- a second communications device e.g., a base station.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, which interacts with a second communications device, e.g., a base station.
- a first communications device e.g., a wireless terminal
- a second communications device e.g., a base station.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, which interacts with a second communications device, e.g., a base station.
- a first communications device e.g., a wireless terminal
- a second communications device e.g., a base station.
- FIG. 11 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments in which a base station selects a control information reporting format for a wireless terminal.
- FIG. 12 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments, in which a wireless terminal selects a control information reporting format.
- FIG. 13 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments, in which a base station communicates a custom control information reporting format to a wireless terminal.
- FIG. 14 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments, in which a wireless terminal communicates a custom control information reporting format to a base station.
- FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating exemplary custom dedicated control channel reporting format wireless signals.
- FIG. 16 is a drawing of a table illustrating exemplary wireless terminals, exemplary factors influencing a reporting format being used, and exemplary corresponding dedicated control channel reporting format characteristics.
- FIG. 17 is a drawing of exemplary uplink dedicated control channel (DCCH) segments in an exemplary uplink timing and frequency structure in an exemplary orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communications system.
- DCCH downlink dedicated control channel
- OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
- FIG. 18 is a table of exemplary dedicated control channel reports.
- FIG. 19 is a table describing the exemplary format of exemplary 5 bit absolute report of downlink signal to noise ratio (DLSNR5).
- FIG. 20 is a drawing illustrating exemplary control information reporting format information for an exemplary recurring time interval for a given dedicated control channel tone, e.g., corresponding to a wireless terminal allocated to use that DCCH tone.
- FIG. 21 is a drawing of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals.
- FIG. 22 is a drawing of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals.
- FIG. 1 is drawing of an exemplary wireless communications system 100 implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- Exemplary wireless communications system 100 is, e.g., an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communications system.
- Exemplary wireless communications system 100 supports a plurality of different reporting formats for communicating control information reports, e.g., a plurality of different dedicated control channel reporting formats for uplink control information signaling.
- the particular control information reporting format used by a particular wireless terminal at a particular time can be and sometimes is matched to the wireless terminal, e.g., to achieve efficient use of air resources.
- Exemplary wireless communications system 100 includes a plurality of base stations (base station 1 102 , . . . , base station M 104 ). Each base station ( 102 , 104 ) has a corresponding wireless coverage area (cell 1 106 , cell M 108 ), respectively.
- System 100 also includes network node 118 which is coupled to base stations ( 102 , 104 ) via network links ( 120 , 122 ), respectively.
- Network node 118 is also coupled to other network nodes and/or the Internet via link 124 .
- Network links ( 120 , 122 , 124 ) are, e.g., fiber optic links.
- System 100 may also include cells with multiple sectors and/or cells using multiple carriers.
- System 100 also includes a plurality of wireless terminals. At least some of the wireless terminals are mobile node which may move throughout the communication system.
- wireless terminals WT 1 110 , WT N 112
- WT 1 ′′ 114 , WT N′′ 116 are located in cell M 108 and coupled to base station M 104 via wireless links ( 130 , 132 ), respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device 200 , e.g., base station implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- Exemplary communications device 200 may be any of the base stations ( 102 , 104 ) in FIG. 1 .
- Exemplary communications device 200 includes a receiver module 204 , a transmitter module 208 , a processor 210 , an I/O interface 212 and a memory 214 coupled together via a bus 216 over which the various elements communicate data and information.
- Receiver module 204 e.g., an OFDM receiver, is coupled to receive antenna 202 via which the communications device 200 receives uplink signals from a plurality of wireless terminals.
- Received uplink signals include control channel signals, e.g., dedicated control channel signals, conveying control information reports, e.g., uplink traffic channel request reports, power reports, SNR reports, interference reports, noise reports, latency reports, etc.
- the received uplink signals include information conveying a wireless terminal's format selection for control information reports to be transmitted by the wireless terminal.
- Receiver module 204 includes a decoding and demodulation module 218 for implementing decoding and demodulation operations on received control channel signals in accordance with the reporting format being used by the wireless terminal.
- Transmitter module 208 e.g., an OFDM transmitter, is coupled to transmit antenna 206 via which the communications device transmits downlink signals to wireless terminals.
- the downlink signals include signals conveying, on a per wireless terminal basis, a selected reporting format to be used by a particular wireless terminal for uplink control information reports, e.g., uplink dedicated control channel reports.
- Memory 214 includes routines 220 and data/information 222 .
- the processor 210 e.g., a CPU, executes the routines 220 and uses the data/information 222 in memory 214 to control the operation of the communications device and implement methods.
- I/O interface 212 couples the communications device 200 to other network nodes, e.g., other base stations, routers, AAA nodes, Home Agent nodes, central control nodes, etc., and/or the Internet.
- Routines 220 include a report format selection module 224 and a report format recovery module 226 .
- the report format selection module 224 selects, on a per wireless terminal basis, a reporting format to be used for control information reports, e.g., uplink dedicated control information reports.
- the report format selection module 224 selects a reporting format from a plurality of different reporting formats (reporting format 1 info 232 , . . . reporting format N information 234 ) as a function of at least one of: received format selection control signal information 250 , application type information 240 , user quality of service information 242 , device capability information 244 , channel condition information 246 and system loading information 248 .
- Selected reporting format 252 is an output of report format selection module 224 and identifies one of (reporting format 1 information 232 , . . . , reporting format N information 234 ).
- the communication device 200 decides upon the reporting format selection as a function of at least one of application type information 240 , user QoS information 242 , device capability information 244 , channel condition information 246 , and system loading information 248 , the communications device 200 generates transmit signal information to convey the selected reporting format 254 to convey the selected format, and transmits the selection information to the wireless terminal.
- a wireless terminal evaluates and decides upon a reporting format to use and conveys that information to communications device 200 , which is received as received format selection control signal information 250 .
- communications device 200 does not include transmit selected format control signal information 254 .
- Report format selection module 224 generates receiver control signal information 256 and recovery module control signal information 258 .
- the decoding and demodulation module 218 of receiver module 204 uses the receiver control signal information 256 to identify and implement the appropriate coding and modulation scheme corresponding to the selected reporting format 252 .
- Report format recovery module 226 uses the recovery module control signal information 258 to identify and implement the appropriate reporting schedule information, e.g., info 264 , set of report definition information, e.g., info 266 , and particular reporting definitions, e.g. some of info ( 236 , . . . 238 ) being used for the sequence of uplink control information reports being communicated from the wireless terminal.
- Received control report channel signal information 260 includes information input to and output from decoding and demodulation module 218 .
- Recovered control report information 262 includes information output from report format recover module 226 .
- Data/information 222 includes a plurality of sets of wireless terminal data/information (WT 1 data/information 228 , . . . WT N data/information 230 ), a plurality of sets of reporting format information (reporting format 1 information 232 , . . . , reporting format N information 234 ), and a plurality of sets of report definition information (report definition 1 information 236 , . . . , report definition X information 238 ).
- WT 1 data/information 228 includes application type information 240 , user quality of service information 242 , device capability information 244 , channel condition information 246 , system loading information 248 , selected reporting format 252 , receiver control signal information 256 , recovery module control signal information 258 , received control report channel signal information 260 , and recovered control report information 262 .
- WT 1 data/information includes at least one of a received format selection control signal information 250 and a transmit selected format control signal information 254 .
- Reporting format 1 information 232 includes reporting schedule information 264 , set of report definition information 266 , and coding and modulation scheme information 268 .
- FIG. 3 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device 300 , e.g., wireless terminal such as a mobile node, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- Exemplary communications device 300 may be any of the exemplary wireless terminals ( 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 ) in FIG. 1 .
- Exemplary communications device 300 includes a receiver module 304 , a report format selection module 320 , a report generation module 342 , a transmitter module 358 and a memory 324 coupled together.
- the report format selection module 320 selects a reporting format, said reporting format being one of a plurality of supported reporting formats, said reporting format indicating a reporting schedule and a set of report definitions.
- the report format selection module 320 includes: an input for receiving application type information 308 , an input for receiving user quality of service information 312 , an input for receiving channel condition information 314 , an input for receiving device capability information 316 , an input for receiving system loading information 318 , and an input for receiving a report format selection control signal 306 .
- report format selection module 320 selects a reporting format as a function of an application being executed by one of said communications device and another communications device.
- said application is one of a voice and a data application.
- the reporting format stored in memory that is selected in response to a voice application includes a latency report.
- the reporting format stored in memory that is selected in response to a data application includes less frequent uplink request reports than the format selected in response to a voice application but more bits per uplink request on average than used for reports selected in response to a voice application.
- a reporting format used for a voice application may use 1 bit uplink request reports and a 1 bit uplink request report may be included in each successive dedicated control channel segment
- a reporting format used for a data application may use 4 bit uplink request reports
- a 4 bit uplink request report may be included in once for every 4 successive dedicated control channel segments.
- the report format selection module 320 selects a reporting format as a function of at least one of device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information 314 , and system loading information 318 .
- Device capability information includes, e.g., number of antennas; number of antennas per channel; device classification information, e.g., strong receiver, weak receiver, voice capable, data capable, voice and data capable, stationary device, low velocity mobile device, high velocity mobile device; rate capability information; power capability information; remaining battery power information, etc.
- Receiver module 304 is coupled to receive antenna 302 via which the communication devices receives signals.
- received signals include a report format selection control signal 306 , e.g., a command from a base station to switch to a particular reporting format.
- the received signal 306 is conveyed to the report format selection module 306 which selects the format as a function received signal 306 .
- the report format selection module 320 is coupled to memory 324 via bus 322 .
- Memory 324 includes a plurality of predetermined reporting format information sets (reporting format 1 information 326 , . . . , reporting format N information 334 ) and report definition information (report definition 1 information 336 , . . . , report definition X information 338 ).
- Report definition information e.g., report definition 1 information 336 , specifies a type of control information and control information to bit mapping information to be communicated in a report, e.g., an SNR report format, a traffic request report format, a power information report format, an interference request format.
- Report format 1 information 326 includes a reporting schedule 328 , a set of report definitions 330 , and a coding and modulation scheme 332 .
- the set of report definitions 330 identifies a subset of set of report definitions ( 336 , . . . , 338 ) used when the wireless terminal is operating in reporting format 1 .
- the reporting schedule 328 includes information identifying a sequence of reports to be communicated within a reporting structure, e.g., a predetermined recurring reporting structure, when using reporting format 1 .
- Coding and modulation scheme 332 identifies a coding and modulation scheme to be used to communicate control information reports when using reporting format 1 , e.g., BPSK or QPSK, a number of information bits per segment, a number of coded bits per segment, and a mapping between coded bits and modulation symbols.
- reporting format 1 e.g., BPSK or QPSK
- Report generation module 342 generates a sequence of reports 354 in accordance with the selected reporting schedule and at least some definitions in the set of report definitions.
- Report generation module 342 includes a plurality of different report type generation modules (report type 1 generation module 348 , . . . , report type X generation module 350 ) and a multiplexer module 352 .
- Report type 1 generation module 348 implements the report definition 1 336 mapping report control information 344 to generate a set of control information report bits 349 . For example, consider that report type 1 is a 4 bit uplink traffic channel request report which communicates backlog information about queued frames of information waiting to be communicated.
- report type X generation module 350 implements the report definition X 338 mapping report control information 346 to generate a set of control information report bits 351 .
- report type X is a 5 bit SNR report.
- module 350 maps a determined SNR level to a quantization level represented by one of the thirty-two potential 5 bit patterns which can be communicated by the report.
- Report format selection module 320 sends report generation control signal 340 to report generation module 342 to control which reports are to be generated and the sequencing of the reporting in accordance with the selected reporting format to be implemented. For example, control signal 340 enables a sub-set of report generation modules corresponding to the set of report definition corresponding to the selected reporting format. Report format selection module 320 also sends a control signal 356 to the transmitter module 358 to control the coding and modulation scheme to be implemented by coding and modulation module 360 corresponding to the selected reporting format. Coding and modulation module 360 performs a coding and modulation operation on the generated sequence of reports using a predetermined coding and modulation scheme corresponding to selected reporting format.
- a first coding and modulation scheme is used where the sequences of reports are grouped into sets of 6 information bits and the six information bits are coded into 21 QPSK modulation symbols.
- a second coding and modulation scheme is used where the sequence of reports are grouped into sets of 8 information bits, and the eight information bits are coded into 21 QPSK modulation symbols.
- different reporting formats may correspond to different modulation constellations, e.g., a BPSK modulation constellation and a QPSK modulation constellation.
- Transmitter module 358 e.g., an OFDM transmitter, transmits OFDM signals including the sequence of generated reports via transmit antenna 362 .
- the generated sequence of reports in some embodiments, corresponds to dedicated control channel reports.
- FIG. 4 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device 400 , e.g., base station, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.
- Exemplary communications device 400 may be any of the exemplary base station ( 102 , 104 ) in FIG. 1 .
- Exemplary communications device 400 includes a receiver module 404 , a transmitter module 408 , a processor 410 , an I/O interface 412 , and a memory 414 coupled together via bus 416 over which the various elements interchange data and information.
- Memory 414 includes routines 418 and data/information 420 .
- the processor 410 e.g., a CPU, executes the routines 418 and uses the data/information 420 in memory 414 to control the operation of the communications device 400 and implement methods.
- Receiver module 404 e.g., an OFDM receiver, is coupled to receive antenna 402 via which the communications device 400 receives uplink signals from a plurality of wireless terminals.
- the received uplink signals include control channel signals, e.g., dedicated control channel signals conveying dedicated control channel reports.
- the received uplink signals also include control channel information reporting format definition information, e.g., control channel format information corresponding to a custom reporting format determined by a wireless terminal.
- Transmitter module 408 e.g., an OFDM transmitter, is coupled to transmit antenna 406 via which the communications device 400 transmits downlink signals to a plurality of wireless terminals.
- the transmitted downlink signals include control channel information reporting format definition information, e.g., control channel format information corresponding to a custom reporting format determined by communications device 400 , e.g., base station 400 .
- different wireless terminals using communications device 400 , e.g., base station 400 , as their point of network attachment can, and sometimes do, use different custom reporting formats for reporting uplink control information reports, e.g., different dedicated control channel reporting formats.
- each of the customized reporting formats may be tailored to the current attributes, needs, and/or conditions of the particular wireless terminal and/or the environment in which the wireless terminal is currently operating.
- I/O interface module 412 couples the communications device 400 to other network nodes and/or the Internet.
- I/O interface 412 couples communications device 400 to a backhaul network facilitating a WT using base station 400 as its point of network attachment to participate in a communications session with a peer node using another base station as its point of network attachment.
- Routines 418 include a control information report recovery module 422 and a reporting format control module 424 .
- routines 418 include a custom control information reporting format generation module.
- the control information report recovery module 422 is used to process received control information signals and recover control information report information.
- the control information report recovery module 422 which operates on a per wireless terminal basis, uses the selected reporting format information corresponding to the wireless terminal to identify which particular set of stored format information should be utilized to process the control information report signals from the wireless terminal.
- report recovery module 422 is processing received control information reports signals 440 from WT 1 , if selected reporting format information 438 identifies the custom reporting format, stored control information reporting format definition information 436 is utilized; however, if selected reporting format information 438 identifies the default format, then, stored default reporting format information 434 is utilized.
- Reporting format control module 424 checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information, system loading information and a command control signal; and the reporting format control module 424 controls switching between different possible formats as a function of the result of the checking.
- Reporting format control module 424 includes an evaluation sub-module 426 and a switching control sub-module 428 .
- Evaluation sub-module 426 checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information and system loading information, e.g., against predetermined criteria, and/or checks for the presence of a command control signal.
- a plurality of sets of stored control information reporting format definition information 436 have been stored, e.g., corresponding to a plurality of possible custom reporting formats and evaluation sub-module 428 is used to select between said plurality of alternative formats.
- Switching control sub-module 428 is responsive to determinations by evaluation sub-module 426 , e.g., implementing a control information reporting format switch from a default reporting format to a first custom reporting format, from a first custom reporting format to a second custom reporting format, and/or from a custom reporting format back to a default reporting format.
- Custom control information reporting format generation module 425 generates for a wireless terminal a custom control information reporting format, e.g., a control information reporting format for its dedicated control channel signaling tailored to accommodate the wireless terminal's current application(s), needs, requirements, conditions, capabilities, and/or environment.
- a custom control information reporting format e.g., a control information reporting format for its dedicated control channel signaling tailored to accommodate the wireless terminal's current application(s), needs, requirements, conditions, capabilities, and/or environment.
- Data/information 420 includes a plurality of sets of wireless terminal data/information (WT 1 data/information 430 , . . . , WT N data/information 432 ), and stored default reporting format information 434 .
- WT 1 data/information includes stored control information reporting format information 436 , selected reporting format information 438 , received control information reports information 440 and recovered control information reports information 442 .
- WT 1 data/information 430 includes at least one of received control information reporting format information 456 , e.g., e.g., a customized control information reporting format determined by WT 1 for uplink control information reports, and transmitted control information reporting format information 458 , e.g., a customized control information reporting format determined by BS 400 to be used by WT 1 for uplink control information reports.
- received control information reporting format information 456 e.g., e.g., a customized control information reporting format determined by WT 1 for uplink control information reports
- transmitted control information reporting format information 458 e.g., a customized control information reporting format determined by BS 400 to be used by WT 1 for uplink control information reports.
- At least some of the stored control information reporting format information 436 corresponds to one of information 456 and information 458 .
- Stored control information reporting format definition information 436 includes a plurality of report definition information (report 1 definition information 444 , report X definition information 446 , set of reports information 448 , reporting schedule information 450 , e.g., information indicating a sequence in which reports are to be transmitted by WT 1 , and coding and modulation scheme information 452 , e.g., information specifying a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to the set of control information reports being communicated.
- Report 1 definition information 444 includes mapping information 454 . Mapping- information 454 defines a mapping between information communicated in said report and possible report values.
- Selected reporting format 438 e.g., indicates whether WT 1 is using custom reporting format definition information 436 or stored default reporting format information 434 .
- Selected reporting format information 438 represents a control input used by control information report recovery module 422 when processing received control information reports 440 to determined recovered control information reports information 442 .
- a wireless terminal generates control information reporting format information, e.g., a custom control information reporting format, and communicates the information to a base station, which will be receiving the control information reports in accordance with the custom reporting format.
- the base generates control information reporting format information, e.g., a custom control information reporting format, and communicates the information to a wireless terminal, which will be generating control information reports in accordance with the custom reporting format.
- a base station may be, and sometimes is receiving control information reports, e.g., dedicated control channel information reports, from a plurality of different wireless terminals, with at least some of the plurality of different wireless terminals using different custom reporting formats.
- the same wireless terminal may, and sometimes does, use different custom reporting formats at different times, e.g., with the particular report being tailored to accommodate current device capability information, system loading conditions, needs, applications, quality of service information and/or channel conditions.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal such as a mobile node, in accordance with various embodiments.
- Exemplary communications device 500 may be any of the exemplary wireless terminals ( 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 ) of FIG. 1 .
- the wireless terminal supports a default control information reporting format and at times supports addition reporting format(s), e.g., one or more custom control reporting formats.
- a custom reporting format may be determined by a base station and downloaded to communications device 500 for subsequent use and/or a custom control information reporting format may be determined by communications device 500 and transmitted to a base station such that the base station can use the information for interpretation of subsequent control information reports.
- Exemplary communications device 500 includes a receiver module 504 , a transmitter module 508 , a processor 510 , and a memory 512 coupled together via a bus 514 over which the various elements interchange data and information.
- Memory 512 includes routines 516 and data/information 518 .
- the processor 510 e.g., a CPU, executes the routines 516 and uses the data/information 518 in memory 512 to control the operation of the communications device and implement methods.
- Receiver module 504 e.g., an OFDM receiver
- Receiver module 504 is coupled to receive antenna 502 , via which the communications device receives signals, e.g., downlink signals from a base station.
- the received signals include received control information reporting format definition information.
- Transmitter module 508 e.g., an OFDM transmitter
- the transmitted signals include control channel reports, e.g., dedicated control channel reports, in accordance with a stored reporting format.
- the stored reporting format is, at times, a default reporting format; while at other times the reporting format is a custom reporting format.
- another node e.g., a base station determines a custom reporting format for the communications device 500 to use and transmits control information reporting format definition information to communications device 500 which is received via receiver module 504 as received control information reporting format definition information 546 .
- communications device 500 determines a custom reporting format for the communications device 500 to use and transmits control information reporting format definition information 548 to another node, e.g., a base station. In this way the communications device 500 and the other node, e.g., base station, both can apply the same custom control information reporting format definition to control information reports being communicated, e.g., dedicated control channel reports.
- Routines 516 include a control information report generation module 524 and a reporting format control module 526 .
- routines 516 include a custom control information reporting format generation module 527 .
- the reporting format control module 526 includes an evaluation sub-module 528 and a switching control sub-module 530 .
- Control information report generation module 524 generates a control information report in accordance with at least one of i) received reporting format definition information and ii) transmitted reporting format definition information.
- Data/information 518 includes stored control information reporting format definition information 532 and stored default reporting format information 534 .
- Data/information 518 includes at least one of received control information reporting format definition information 546 and transmitted control information reporting format definition information 548 .
- Information 546 and/or information 548 corresponds to at least some of the information in stored control information reporting format definition information 532 .
- Stored control information reporting format definition information 532 e.g., a custom reporting format to be used by wireless terminal 500 , includes a plurality of report definition information (report 1 definition information 536 , . . . , report X definition information 538 ), a set of reports information 540 , reporting schedule information 542 , and coding and modulation information 544 .
- Report 1 definition information 536 includes information corresponding to a particular type of report with a particular information bit size, e.g., a 4 bit uplink request report, a 5 bit SNR report, a 5 bit delay information report, etc.
- Report 1 definition information 536 includes mapping information 546 which maps a particular type of control information to one of a plurality of information bit patterns. Thus mapping information 546 defines a mapping between information to be included in a generated report and possible report values.
- Set of reports information 540 includes information identifying the different types of reports used for the custom reporting format.
- Reporting schedule information 542 includes information indicating a sequence in which reports of different types are to be transmitted. For example, the reporting schedule information 542 may identify an ordered sequence of report types in a predetermined reporting schedule.
- the reporting schedule information may include information identifying time intervals for reports to be communicated, e.g., which OFDM symbol transmission time intervals are to be used to carry the sequence of control information reports to be transmitted.
- Coding and modulation scheme information 544 includes information identifying coding rates, modulation schemes, and/or modulation constellations used. Coding and modulation scheme information 544 includes information specifying a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to the defined set of reports to be communicated when using this reporting format.
- Stored default reporting format information 534 includes a similar set of information to information 532 .
- the default reporting formation information 534 is, in some embodiments, to be used, when communicating with another communications device, e.g., another base station, prior to receiving control information reporting format information from said another device or transmitting control information reporting format definition information to said another device.
- the stored default report format information 534 is used for an initial communication with said another communications device.
- Reporting format control module 526 is used for checking at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information, system loading information and a command control signal and for controlling switching to another format as a result of said checking, e.g., switching to a custom reporting format, defined by information 532 , which has been received or transmitted.
- Evaluation sub-module 528 checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information and system loading information, e.g., against predetermined criteria, and/or checks for the presence of a command control signal.
- a plurality of sets of stored control information reporting format definition information 532 have been stored, e.g., corresponding to a plurality of possible custom reporting formats and evaluation sub-module 528 is used to select between said plurality of alternative formats.
- Switching control sub-module 530 is response to determinations by evaluation sub-module 530 , e.g., implementing a control information reporting format switch from a default reporting format to a first custom reporting format, from a first custom reporting format to a second custom reporting format, and from a custom reporting format back to a default reporting format.
- Custom control information reporting format generation module 527 generates for wireless terminal 500 a custom control information reporting format, e.g., a control information reporting format to be used subsequently for its dedicated control channel signaling, the generated custom control information reporting format tailored to accommodate the wireless terminal's current application(s), needs, requirements, conditions, capabilities, and/or environment.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart 600 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device to interact with a second communications device.
- the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system.
- Step 604 the first communication device determines a set of control information reports to be transmitted, said set of control information reports corresponding to a first reporting format.
- Step 604 includes sub-step 606 , in which the first communications device selects between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats.
- each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports.
- the different report types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report and an interference report.
- the reporting format further specifies the control information to be communicated in said different types of reports, e.g., report parameter, report parameter units, quantization level information, and/or bit mapping information. Operation proceeds from step 604 to step 608 .
- step 608 the first communications device generates the determined set of reports, and then in step 610 , the first communications device communicates the generated set of reports.
- Step 610 includes sub-steps 612 , 614 and 616 .
- the first communications device multiplexes the generated reports of different types in accordance with the determined reporting format. Operation proceeds from sub-step 612 to sub-step 614 .
- the first communications device performs a coding and modulation operation on the multiplexed generated set of reports to generate a set of coded symbols.
- the step of coding and modulation includes using a predetermined coding and modulation scheme corresponding to the determined reporting format, with different coding and modulation schemes being used for at least some of said plurality of reporting formats.
- the first communications device maps the coded symbols to segments of a wireless communications channel. For example, a set of ordered coded modulation symbols such as BPSK or QPSK modulation symbols are mapped to an ordered sequence of dedicated control channel segments. Operation proceeds from step 610 to step 604 , where the first communications device determines another set of control information reports to be transmitted.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart 700 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device to interact with a second communications device.
- the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system.
- Step 702 Operation starts in step 702 , where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds from start step 702 to step 704 .
- the first communication device determines a set of control information reports to be transmitted, said set of control information reports corresponding to a first reporting format.
- Step 704 includes sub-step 706 , in which the first communications device selects the reporting format as a function of an application being executed by one of said first and second communications devices.
- the application is one of a voice and data application.
- a reporting format selected in response to a voice application includes a latency report and a reporting format selected in response to a data application includes less frequency uplink request reports than a format used for voice but more bits per uplink request on average than used for voice.
- each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports.
- the different report types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report, an interference report, and a delay report.
- the reporting format further specifies the control information to be communicated in said different types of reports, e.g., report parameter, report parameter units, quantization level information, and/or bit mapping information. Operation proceeds from step 704 to step 708 .
- step 708 the first communications device generates the determined set of reports, and then in step 710 , the first communications device communicates the generated set of reports. Operation proceeds from step 710 to step 704 , where the first communications device determines another set of control information reports to be transmitted.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart 800 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device to interact with a second communications device.
- the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system.
- Step 804 the first communication device determines a set of control information reports to be transmitted, said set of control information reports corresponding to a first reporting format.
- Step 804 includes sub-step 806 , in which the first communications device determines a reporting format as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel conditions, system loading, and quality of service information.
- Device capability information includes, e.g., information regarding number of antennas, information regarding number of receiver chains, power information, data rates supported, modulation schemes supported, receiver sensitivity, self noise information, and application support.
- wireless terminals may be classified in sub-groups as a function of device capability, e.g., voice capable cellphones, voice and data capable cell phones, data terminals, voice and data terminals. Another exemplary classification may be in terms of mobility capability. Some wireless terminals may be suitable for stationary operation but not intended for dynamic operations, others may be suitable for mobile operation at up to a first rate of motion, and still others may be suitable for mobile operations at upto a second rate of motion, said second rate being higher than said first rate.
- Power information is also used in some embodiments to determine a reporting format to be used. Power information may include, power source information, e.g., battery vs external source, different power modes, e.g., a normal communications mode and a power saving mode, remaining battery power information, transmission power level information, rate of usage of battery power, etc.
- each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports.
- the different report types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report format, an interference report, and a delay report.
- the reporting format further specifies the control information to be communicated in said different types of reports, e.g., report parameter, report parameter units, quantization level information, and/or bit mapping information. Operation proceeds from step 804 to step 808 .
- step 808 the first communications device generates the determined set of reports, and then in step 810 , the first communications device communicates the generated set of reports. Operation proceeds from step 810 to step 804 , where the first communications device determines another set of control information reports to be transmitted.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart 900 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device which interacts with a second communications device.
- the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system.
- step 902 Operation starts in step 902 , where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds from start step 902 to step 904 .
- step 904 the first communication device uses a default reporting format when communicating with said second communications device.
- step 906 the first communications device performs at least one of receiving and transmitting control information reporting format definition information via a wireless communications link.
- the reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless communications link in some embodiments, is sufficient to define the reporting format.
- the reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless link may include individual report format information corresponding to a plurality of different types of reports and reporting sequence information.
- the reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless communications link in some embodiments, is used in combination with pre-stored information to define the reporting format.
- the first and second communication devices may have pre-stored a plurality of individual report format definitions corresponding to a plurality of different types of reports, and the reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless link may include information identifying a subset of those different types of reports and an ordered sequence of reports corresponding to members of the identified subset Operation proceeds from step 906 to step 908 .
- the first communications device generates a control information report in accordance with one of the received and transmitted reporting format definition information.
- the reporting format provides a definition mapping information to be included in a control information report to possible report values, e.g., for a plurality of different reports.
- the reporting format may include a report definition for a 5 bit SNR report, a report definition for a 1 bit uplink traffic channel request report, a report definition for a 3 bit uplink traffic channel request report, a report definition for a 4 bit power report, etc.
- the reporting format defines a reporting schedule according to which reports are to be transmitted.
- the reporting format defines a set of reports which are to be transmitted in accordance with the defined reporting schedule.
- a reporting format may, and sometime does, specify a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to a set of reports.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart 1000 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device which interacts with a second communications device.
- the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system.
- Operation starts in step 1002 , where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds from start step 1002 to step 1004 .
- the first communication device uses a default report format as a current reporting format when communicating with said second communications device.
- the first communications device performs at least one of receiving and transmitting control information reporting format definition information from a wireless communications link.
- the reporting format definition information is received from a base station, e.g., the base station which the first communications device is using as its current attachment point.
- the reporting format definition information is received from a centralized server. Operation proceeds from step 1006 to step 1008 .
- step 1008 the first communications device checks at least one of device capability information, channel conditions, application information, quality of service information and system loading. Then, in step 1010 , the first communications device determines if the result of the check of step 1008 indicates that the reporting format should be changed. If the determination of step 1010 is that the reporting format should be changed, then operation proceeds to step 1012 ; otherwise, operation proceeds to step 1014 . In step 1012 , the first wireless terminal switches the current reporting format to a new reporting format, e.g., said new reporting format in accordance with said control information reporting format definition information from a wireless communications link. Operation proceeds from step 1012 to step 1014 .
- step 1014 the first communications device generates a control information report in accordance with the current report format definition information. Operation proceeds from step 1014 to step 1008 , where the first communication device performs another check of at least one of device capability information, channel condition, application information, quality of service information and system loading.
- the reporting format provides a definition mapping information to be included in said report to possible report values.
- the reporting format further defines a reporting schedule according to which reports are to be transmitted.
- the reporting format defines a set of reports which are to be transmitted in accordance with the defined reporting schedule.
- a reporting format may, and sometime does, specify a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to a set of reports.
- FIG. 11 is a drawing 1100 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments.
- First, second, and third rows ( 1102 , 1104 , 1106 ) illustrate exemplary base station 1108 and exemplary wireless terminal 1110 in a time sequential manner.
- Exemplary base station 1108 may be exemplary base station 200 of FIG. 2
- exemplary wireless terminal 1110 may be exemplary wireless terminal 300 of FIG. 3 .
- Row 1102 will now be described.
- Exemplary base station 1108 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1 information 1112 , DCCH reporting format 2 information 1114 , DCCH reporting format 3 information 1116 , DCCH reporting format 4 information 1118 ) and exemplary wireless terminal 1110 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1 information 1120 , DCCH reporting format 2 information 1122 , DCCH reporting format 3 information 1124 , DCCH reporting format 4 information 1126 ).
- the base station 1108 selects a reporting format from among potential reporting formats as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information.
- application information e.g., voice or data
- device capability information e.g., device capability information
- user quality of service information e.g., user quality of service information
- channel condition information e.g., channel condition information
- system loading information e.g., system loading information
- system environment information e.g., a reporting format from among potential reporting formats as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information.
- base station 1108 selects DCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by arrow 1128 .
- the base station 1108 sends a format selection control signal 1130 to wireless terminal 1110 commanding the wireless terminal to use DCCH
- Wireless terminal 1110 processes control command signal 1130 and selects to use DCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by arrow 1132 .
- Wireless terminal 1110 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance with DCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by generated information 1134 .
- Wireless terminal transmits DCCH report signals 1136 to base station 1108 .
- the base station 1108 receives and processes the DCCH report signals using DCCH reporting format 2 information 1114 obtaining recovered DCCH report information 1138 .
- FIG. 12 is a drawing 1200 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments.
- First, second, and third rows ( 1202 , 1204 , 1206 ) illustrate exemplary base station 1208 and exemplary wireless terminal 1210 in a time sequential manner.
- Exemplary base station 1208 may be exemplary base station 200 of FIG. 2
- exemplary wireless terminal 1110 may be exemplary wireless terminal 300 of FIG. 3 .
- Row 1202 will now be described.
- Exemplary base station 1208 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1 information 1212 , DCCH reporting format 2 information 1214 , DCCH reporting format 3 information 1216 , DCCH reporting format 4 information 1218 ), and exemplary wireless terminal 1210 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1 information 1220 , DCCH reporting format 2 information 1222 , DCCH reporting format 3 information 1224 , DCCH reporting format 4 information 1226 ).
- the wireless terminal 1208 selects a reporting format from among potential reporting formats as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information.
- application information e.g., voice or data
- device capability information e.g., device capability information
- user quality of service information e.g., user quality of service information
- channel condition information e.g., channel condition information
- system loading information e.g., system loading information
- system environment information e.g., a reporting format from among potential reporting formats as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information.
- wireless terminal 1208 selects DCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by arrow 1228 .
- the wireless terminal 1210 sends a format selection control signal 1230 to base station 1208 commanding the base station to use DCCH
- Base station 1208 processes control command signal 1230 and selects to use DCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by arrow 1232 .
- Wireless terminal 1210 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance with DCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by generated information 1234 .
- Wireless terminal 1210 transmits DCCH report signals 1236 to base station 1208 .
- the base station 1208 receives and processes the DCCH report signals using DCCH reporting format 2 information 1214 obtaining recovered DCCH report information 1238 .
- FIG. 13 is a drawing 1300 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments.
- First, second, and third rows ( 1302 , 1304 , 1306 ) illustrate exemplary base station 1308 and exemplary wireless terminal 1310 in a time sequential manner.
- Exemplary base station 1308 may be exemplary base station 400 of FIG. 4
- exemplary wireless terminal 1310 may be exemplary wireless terminal 500 of FIG. 5 .
- Row 1302 will now be described.
- Exemplary base station 1308 includes dedicated control channel (DCCH) default reporting format information 1312 and custom DCCH reporting format 1 information 1314
- exemplary wireless terminal 1310 includes DCCH default reporting format information 1316 .
- DCCH dedicated control channel
- Custom DCCH reporting format 1 is, e.g., a reporting format which has been tailored for wireless terminal 1310 , e.g., tailored to accommodate WT 1310 current conditions, needs, situation, etc.
- custom reporting format 1 is in some embodiments, structured as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information.
- Custom reporting format 1 is in some embodiments generated by base station 1308 .
- custom DCCH reporting format 1 is, e.g., a new release format to be conveyed to wireless terminal 1310 , e.g., as part of an upgrade.
- the base station 1308 transmits over a wireless communications channel custom DCCH reporting format 1 information signals 1318 to wireless terminal 1310 , which receives signals 1318 .
- Signals 1318 conveys, e.g., a set of information defining the custom DCCH reporting format, e.g, a plurality of individual report definition information, information identifying a sequence of the plurality of individual reports, information identifying a coding and modulation scheme, and information defining a recurring time interval.
- signals 1318 convey, e.g., some of the information defining the custom DCCH reporting format 1
- the set of custom DCCH reporting format 1 information can be constructed from signals 1318 and some pre-stored information.
- the wireless terminal 1310 may have pre-stored report definition information corresponding to a plurality of alternative reports, and signals 1318 convey a definition for an ordered sequence of reports to be communicated in a recurring structure.
- Wireless terminal 1310 processes received signals 1318 conveying custom DCCH reporting format 1 information and stores custom DCCH reporting format 1 information 1320 .
- Wireless terminal 1310 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance with custom DCCH reporting format 1 as indicated by information 1326 .
- Wireless terminal 1310 transmits DCCH report signals 1328 to base station 1308 .
- the base station 1308 receives and processes the DCCH report signals using custom DCCH reporting format 1 information 1314 obtaining recovered DCCH report information 1330 .
- FIG. 14 is a drawing 1400 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments.
- First, second, and third rows ( 1402 , 1404 , 1406 ) illustrate exemplary base station 1408 and exemplary wireless terminal 1410 in a time sequential manner.
- Exemplary base station 1408 may be exemplary base station 400 of FIG. 4
- exemplary wireless terminal 1410 may be exemplary wireless terminal 500 of FIG. 5 .
- Row 1402 will now be described.
- Exemplary base station 1408 includes dedicated control channel (DCCH) default reporting format information 1412
- exemplary wireless terminal 1410 includes DCCH default reporting format information 1414 and custom DCCH reporting format 1 information 1416 .
- DCCH dedicated control channel
- Custom DCCH reporting format 1 is, e.g., a reporting format which has been tailored by wireless terminal 1410 for wireless terminal 1410 , e.g., tailored to accommodate WT 1410 current conditions, needs, situation, etc.
- custom reporting format 1 is in some embodiments, structured as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information. Then wireless terminal 1410 transmits over a wireless communications channel custom DCCH reporting format 1 information signals 1418 to base station 1408 , which receives signals 1418 .
- Signals 1418 convey, e.g., a set of information defining the custom DCCH reporting format 1 , e.g., a plurality of individual report definition information, information identifying a sequence of the plurality of individual reports, information identifying a coding and modulation scheme, and information defining a recurring time interval.
- signals 1418 convey, e.g., some of the information defining the custom DCCH reporting format 1
- the set of custom DCCH reporting format 1 information can be constructed from signals 1418 and some pre-stored information.
- the base station 1410 may have pre-stored report definition information corresponding to a plurality of alternative reports, and signals 1418 convey a definition for an ordered sequence of reports to be communicated, e.g., in a recurring structure.
- Base station 1408 processes received signals 1418 conveying custom DCCH reporting format 1 information and stores custom DCCH reporting format 1 information 1420 .
- Wireless terminal 1410 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance with custom DCCH reporting format 1 as indicated by information 1426 .
- Wireless terminal 1410 transmits DCCH report signals 1428 to base station 1408 .
- the base station 1408 receives and processes the DCCH report signals using custom DCCH reporting format 1 information 1420 obtaining recovered DCCH report information 1430 .
- FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating exemplary custom dedicated control channel reporting format wireless signals 1502 , 1504 .
- An exemplary custom dedicated control channel reporting format wireless signals representation, e.g., 1502 or 1504 may be any of custom DCCH reporting format 1 information signals 1318 or FIG. 13 or 1418 or FIG. 14 .
- Exemplary DCCH custom reporting format wireless signals 1502 includes a plurality of report type definition information (report type 1 definition information 1504 , . . . , report type N definition information 1506 ), reporting schedule information 1508 , and coding and modulation information 1510 .
- Each report type definition information ( 1504 , 1506 ) includes mapping information ( 1512 , 1514 ), respectively, which defines mapping of control information to potential information bit patterns used by the report.
- Reporting schedule information 1508 includes report sequencing information 1516 , recurring timing structure information 1518 , and DCCH segment definition information 1520 .
- Exemplary DCCH custom reporting format wireless signals 1504 includes sequence information corresponding to known report types, e.g., a sequence indicating report C, report A, report B, report J, report D, . . . , report A, report D.
- a recurring DCCH reporting structure is known, e.g., 40 indexed DCCH segments in a beaconslot, and the reporting sequence communicated in signals 1504 is such to identify the report types used for the segments.
- the number and/or type of reports communicated in the reporting sequence in signals 1504 is used to identify the number of reports to be communicated and/or the size of a recurring reporting structure.
- FIG. 16 is a drawing of a table 1600 illustrating exemplary wireless terminal terminals, exemplary factors influencing a reporting format being used, and exemplary corresponding dedicated control channel reporting format characteristics.
- First column 1602 lists fifteen exemplary wireless terminals (WT 1 , . . . , WT 15 ).
- Second column 1604 lists a factor influencing the reporting format being used for a corresponding WT.
- Third column 1606 lists a DCCH reporting format characteristic corresponding to the WT.
- First row 1608 indicates that exemplary WT 1 is using a voice traffic application, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes a delay report and frequent small bit size traffic request reports, e.g., frequent single bit uplink traffic channel request reports.
- Second row 1610 indicates that exemplary WT 2 is using a delay insensitive data traffic application, e.g., a file transfer protocol (FTP) application, and the DCCH reporting format being used does not include delay reports, but does include infrequent large bit size traffic request reports, e.g., infrequent 4 bit uplink traffic channel request reports.
- FTP file transfer protocol
- Third row 1612 indicates that exemplary WT 3 has a need to communicate a mixture of voice and data traffic, e.g., WT 3 is running a voice application an Internet gaming application, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes a mixture of different size traffic request reports, e.g., a 1 bit uplink traffic channel request report, a 3 bit traffic channel request report, and a 4 bit traffic channel request report.
- Fourth row 1614 indicates that exemplary WT 4 is a multiple antenna device, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes additional SNR reports for reporting various alternatives.
- Fifth row 1616 indicates that exemplary WT 5 is experiencing low battery power level, and the DCCH reporting format being used has less segments per unit time to conserve energy.
- Sixth row 1618 indicates that exemplary WT 6 is a stationary device, and the DCCH reporting format being used less frequently reports SNR and transmission power information, e.g., transmission power backoff information.
- Seventh row 1620 indicates that exemplary WT 7 is a moving high velocity device, and the DCCH reporting format being used more frequently reports SNR and transmission power information, e.g., transmission power backoff information.
- Eighth row 1622 indicates that exemplary WT 8 includes an expensive high quality receiver, and the DCCH reporting format being used omits self-noise reports.
- Ninth row 1624 indicates that exemplary WT 9 is using an isolated base station, and the DCCH reporting format being used omits interference reports comparing signals from different base stations, e.g., beacon ratio reports are not included.
- Tenth row 1626 indicates that exemplary WT 10 is experiencing very good and stable channel conditions, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes an SNR report that has a narrow range around relatively high values, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes at least some differential reports, e.g., delta reports with respect to previously communicated DCCH reports.
- Eleventh row 1628 indicates that exemplary WT 11 is experiencing poor but stable channel conditions, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes an SNR report that has a narrow range around relatively low values.
- Twelfth row 1630 indicates that exemplary WT 12 is experiencing widely varying channel conditions, and the DCCH reporting format being used include an SNR report that has a wide reporting range.
- Thirteenth row 1632 indicates that exemplary WT 13 is using a base station experiencing high system loading, and the DCCH reporting format being used has less segments allocated to WT per time interval to free up resources for the other wireless terminals.
- Fourteenth row 1634 indicates that exemplary WT 14 has high QoS requirements, and the DCCH reporting format being used provides for additional opportunities for traffic requests.
- Fifteenth row 1636 indicates that exemplary WT 15 has just recently accessed the base station, and the DCCH reporting format being used is a default format.
- FIG. 17 is a drawing 1700 of exemplary uplink dedicated control channel (DCCH) segments in an exemplary uplink timing and frequency structure in an exemplary orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communications system.
- the uplink dedicated control channel is used to send Dedicated Control Reports (DCR) from wireless terminals to base stations.
- DCR Dedicated Control Reports
- Vertical axis 1702 plots logical uplink tone index while horizontal axis 1704 plots the uplink index of the halfslot within a beaconslot.
- an uplink tone block includes 113 logical uplink tones indexed ( 0 , . . .
- the first 9 OFDM symbol transmission time periods within a superslot are an access interval, and the dedicated control channel does not use the air link resources of the access interval.
- the exemplary dedicated control channel is subdivided into 31 logical tones (uplink tone index 81 1706 , uplink tone index 82 1708 , . . . , uplink tone index 111 1710 ).
- Each logical uplink tone ( 81 , . . . , 111 ) in the logical uplink frequency structure corresponds to a logical tone indexed with respect to the DCCH channel ( 0 , . . . , 30 ).
- each tone in the dedicated control channel there are 40 segments in the beaconslot corresponding to forty columns ( 1712 , 1714 , 1716 , 1718 , 1720 , 1722 , . . . , 1724 ).
- the segment structure repeats on a beaconslot basis.
- For a given tone in the dedicated control channel there are 40 segments corresponding to a beaconslot 1728 ; each of the eight superslots of the beaconslot includes 5 successive segments for the given tone.
- first superslot 1726 of beaconslot 1728 corresponding to tone 0 of the DCCH, there are five indexed segments (segment [ 0 ] [ 0 ], segment [ 0 ] [ 1 ], segment [ 0 ][ 2 ], segment [ 0 ][ 3 ], segment [ 0 ][ 4 ]).
- first superslot 1726 of beaconslot 1728 corresponding to tone 1 of the DCCH, there are five indexed segments (segment [ 1 ][ 0 ], segment [ 1 ][ 1 ], segment [ 1 ][ 2 ], segment [ 1 ][ 3 ], segment [ 1 ][ 4 ]).
- first superslot 1726 of beaconslot 1728 corresponding to tone 30 of the DCCH, there are five indexed segments (segment [ 30 ][ 0 ], segment [ 30 ][ 1 ], segment [ 30 ][ 2 ], segment [ 30 ][ 3 ], segment [ 30 ][ 4 ]).
- each segment e.g., segment [ 0 ][ 0 ]
- each segment comprises one tone for 3 successive half-slots, e.g., representing an allocated uplink air link resource of 21 OFDM tone-symbols.
- logical uplink tones are hopped to physical tones in accordance with an uplink tone hopping sequence such that the physical tone associated with a logical tone may be different for successive half-slots, but remains constant during a given half-slot.
- Each logical tone of the dedicated control channel may be assigned by the base station to a different wireless terminal using the base station as its current point of attachment.
- logical tone ( 506 , 508 , . . . , 510 ) may be currently assigned to (WT A 1730 , WT B 1732 , . . . , WT N′′ 1734 ), respectively.
- Each uplink DCCH segment is used to transmit a set of Dedicated Control Channel Reports (DCRs).
- DCRs Dedicated Control Channel Reports
- a list of exemplary DCRs is given in table 1800 of FIG. 18 .
- First column 1802 of table 1800 describes abbreviated names used for each exemplary report. The name of each report ends with a number which specifies the number of bits of the DCR.
- Second column 1804 of table 1800 briefly describes each named report.
- FIG. 19 is a table 1900 describing the exemplary format of exemplary 5 bit absolute report of downlink signal to noise ratio (DLSNR 5 ).
- Column 1902 lists the 32 possible information bit patterns for the report, and column 1904 lists a corresponding reported WT measured downlink pilot channel SNR conveyed by the report.
- a wireless terminal measures downlink pilot channel SNR, determines the SNR reported value possibility closest to the measured value, and then determines the corresponding 5 bit pattern to be reported in the report.
- Each report in table 1800 has its own corresponding mapping information.
- FIG. 20 is a drawing 2099 illustrating an exemplary reporting format information in an exemplary beaconslot for a given DCCH tone, e.g., corresponding to a wireless terminal.
- each block ( 2000 , 2001 , 2002 , 2003 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , 2015 , 2016 , 2017 , 2018 , 2019 , 2020 , 2021 , 2022 , 2023 , 2024 , 2025 , 2026 , 2027 , 2028 , 2029 , 2030 , 2031 , 2032 , 2033 , 2034 , 2035 , 2036 , 2037 , 2038 , 2039 ) represents one segment whose index s 2 ( 0 , .
- Each block e.g., block 2000 representing segment 0 , conveys 6 information bits; each block comprises 6 rows corresponding to the 6 bits in the segment, where the bits are listed from the most significant bit to the least significant bit downwards from the top row to the bottom row as shown in rectangular region 2043 .
- FIG. 20 illustrates one exemplary reporting format, e.g., a default reporting format.
- Some reporting formats may be additional pre-stored reporting formats.
- Some reporting formats may be custom reporting formats, e.g., tailored for a particular wireless terminal, set of wireless terminals, type of wireless terminal, and/or set of conditions.
- Some different reporting formats use different numbers of information bits/segment, e.g., 8 information bit/per segment instead of 6 information bits/segment.
- Some different reporting formats use different modulation schemes.
- Some different reporting formats in some embodiment, have a different set of reports used.
- Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments have different orderings and/or frequencies of reports.
- Some different reporting formats intentionally omit certain types of reports. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, have a concentration of certain types of reports. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, use different sets of segments. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, refrain from transmitting of subsets of segments. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, have different durations, e.g., different durations of a recurring pattern.
- Different wireless terminals may be using different control information reporting formats at the same time.
- the same wireless terminal may use different control information reporting formats at different times.
- FIG. 21 is a drawing of a flowchart 2100 of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals. Operation starts in step 2102 , where the base station is powered on and initialized and proceeds to step 2104 , for each wireless terminal of some wireless terminals allocated a dedicated control channel by the base station. At different times different wireless terminals are allocated dedicated control channels by the base station.
- some wireless terminal may support a plurality of control information reporting formats, while some less capable wireless terminals may support a single control information reporting format.
- step 2104 the base station determines a set of control information reports to be received, said set of control information reports corresponding to a reporting format.
- Step 2104 includes sub-step 2106 .
- the base station selects between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats.
- Sub-step 2106 includes one or more of sub-step 2108 , 2110 , and 2112 .
- the base station selects the control information reporting format as a function of an application being executed, e.g., by said base station or said wireless terminal or a peer node in a communications session with said wireless terminal.
- the application is one of a voice and a data application.
- a reporting format selected in response to a voice application includes a latency report or includes latency information embedded in a traffic channel request report
- a reporting format selected in response to a data application includes less frequent uplink request reports than a reporting format used for voice but more bits per uplink request on average than used for voice.
- frequently scheduled 1 bit uplink request reports may be used in an exemplary reporting format tailored for a voice application
- less frequently scheduled 3 and/or 4 bit uplink traffic channel request reports may be used in an exemplary reporting format tailored for a data application.
- the base station selects the control information reporting format as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel condition information, system loading information, and user quality of service (QoS) information.
- QoS quality of service
- the base station selects the control information reporting format as a function of at least one of: a command signal or a request signal received from said wireless terminal.
- each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports.
- the different reporting types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report, an interference report, and a delay report, e.g., a latency report.
- the reporting format specifies the control information to be communicated in the different types of reports, e.g., counts of frames of traffic backlog with defined quanitization, SNR level in dB with defined quantization, power gain level in dBs with defined quantization, etc.
- step 2114 the base station receives signals, e.g., dedicated control channel segment OFDM signals, conveying said determined set of reports. Then, in step 2116 , the base station performs a demodulation and decoding operation on said received signals to generate sets of ordered information bits, each set of ordered information bits corresponding to a communications segment. Step 2116 includes sub-step 2118 . In sub-step 2118 , the base station uses a predetermined decoding and demodulation scheme corresponding to said reporting format, different decoding and demodulation schemes being used for at least some of said plurality of reporting formats.
- one exemplary control information reporting format uses a demodulation and decoding scheme which obtains 6 information bits from 21 QPSK modulation symbols corresponding to a dedicated control channel communications segment; while a different exemplary control information format uses a demodulation and decoding scheme which obtains 8 information bits from 21 QPSK modulation symbols corresponding to a dedicated control channel communications segment. Operation proceeds from step 2116 to step 2120 .
- the base station maps the ordered bits of a segment to one or more control information reports in accordance with said reporting format.
- a first segment in a recurring structure may convey 6 ordered information bits, and bits 1 - 5 convey a 5 bit downlink SNR report, while bit 0 (LSb) conveys a 1 bit uplink traffic channel request report. Operation proceeds from step 2120 to step 2122 .
- the base station recovers information from said set of determined control information reports in accordance with said reporting format.
- the bit pattern, e.g., 01110 of a received SNR report may report a pilot channel SNR measurement value, e.g., 2 dB.
- step 2122 Operation proceeds from step 2122 to step 2104 , where the base station determines another set of control information reports to be received by the wireless terminal assuming the wireless terminal is still allocated a dedicated control channel by the base station.
- the received signals e.g., dedicated control channel segment signals
- the control information reporting format for at least some of the different wireless terminals, at at least some times is different.
- a first wireless terminal communicating with the base station may be using a control information reporting format tailored for a voice application
- a second wireless terminal communicating with the base station may be using a control information reporting format tailored to delay insensitive data communications, e.g., file transfers.
- FIG. 22 is a drawing of a flowchart 2200 of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals.
- the base station and wireless terminal may be part of a multiple access OFDM wireless communications system including a dedicated control channel for uplink control information reports and using dedicated control channel segments.
- Operation starts in step 2202 , where the base station is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds from start step 2202 to step 2204 , for each wireless terminal of some wireless terminals allocated a dedicated control channel by a base station.
- the base station uses a default format as a current reporting format when communicating with said wireless terminal, e.g., as part of an initial communications with the wireless terminal.
- a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information providing definition mapping information to be included in said report to possible report values.
- a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information defining a reporting schedule according to which reports are to be transmitted.
- a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information defining a set of reports which are to be transmitted, e.g., by a wireless terminal to the base station, in accordance with the defined reporting schedule.
- a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information specifying a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to the set of reports.
- the base station checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information, system loading information, and the reception of a control information format switching command or request from said wireless terminal.
- step 2210 the base station decides how to proceed based on the result of the check of step 2208 . If the result of the check indicates that the reporting format should be changed, operation proceeds to step 2212 ; otherwise operation proceeds to step 2214 .
- step 2212 the base station switches the current reporting format to a new reporting format, e.g., said new reporting format in accordance with said control information reporting format definition information received or transmitted from a wireless communication link of step 2206 . Operation proceeds from step 2212 to step 2214 .
- step 2214 the base station recovers control information corresponding to a received control information report in accordance with the current reporting format. Operation proceeds from step 2214 to step 2208 , where the base station perform another check.
- reporting format information e.g., corresponding to customized control information reports
- reporting format information corresponding to a wireless terminal is communicated to and/or stored at a centralized server and/or a home agent node.
- state information corresponding to a control information reporting format, for a wireless terminal is stored, e.g., in a centralized server, home agent node, and/or base station.
- stored information can, and sometimes is, retrieved and transferred to a new base station, e.g., as part of a handoff process and/or initialization process when attaching to a new base station.
- nodes described herein are implemented using one or more modules to perform the steps corresponding to one or more methods, for example, signal processing, beacon generation, beacon detection, beacon measuring, connection comparisons, connection implementations.
- various features are implemented using modules.
- Such modules may be implemented using software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware.
- Many of the above described methods or method steps can be implemented using machine executable instructions, such as software, included in a machine readable medium such as a memory device, e.g., RAM, floppy disk, etc. to control a machine, e.g., general purpose computer with or without additional hardware, to implement all or portions of the above described methods, e.g., in one or more nodes.
- various embodiments are directed to a machine-readable medium including machine executable instructions for causing a machine, e.g., processor and associated hardware, to perform one or more of the steps of the above-described method(s).
- the methods and apparatus of various embodiments may be, and in various embodiments are, used with CDMA, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and/or various other types of communications techniques which may be used to provide wireless communications links between access nodes and mobile nodes.
- the access nodes are implemented as base stations which establish communications links with mobile nodes using OFDM and/or CDMA.
- the mobile nodes are implemented as notebook computers, personal data assistants (PDAs), or other portable devices including receiver/transmitter circuits and logic and/or routines, for implementing the methods of various embodiments.
Abstract
Description
- The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/752,973, filed on Dec. 22, 2005, titled “COMMUNICATIONS METHODS AND APPARATUS”, and is a continuation in part of U.S. Utility Patent Application Ser. No. 11/333,792, filed on Jan. 17, 2006, titled “METHODS AND APPARATUS OF IMPLEMENTING AND/OR USING A DEDICATED CONTROL CHANNEL” each of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
- The present invention relates to wireless communications methods and apparatus and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for implementing and using control channels.
- In multiple access wireless communications systems, multiple wireless terminals are typically in competition for limited air link resources. A wireless terminal, operating in a state supporting uplink and downlink user data traffic signaling, typically tries to routinely communicate control information to a base station attachment point. In some systems control information may be communicated in the form of control information reports which allow the base station attachment point to obtain information about the wireless terminal status and effectively allocate resources. As the popularity and variety of wireless communication services has increased, the need to support ever larger numbers of concurrent users has grown. In addition, events and/or time of day can drive peak concurrent user demand.
- Changes in the number of concurrent users can affect the demand for control information communication resources. However, it should also be appreciated that different wireless terminals can have different needs at different times and that the demand for resources in many cases is not simply a matter of the total number of terminals in the system that have the ability to communicate user data to the base station.
- Different wireless terminals using the same base station attachment point often have different reporting needs and priorities. For example, a first wireless terminal operating from a current stationary position, with no or minimal obstructions between itself and the base station attachment point, and needing to communicate small amounts of user data infrequently may have very different control information reporting needs than another, e.g., second, wireless terminal, e.g., a mobile node in a moving automobile, experiencing rapidly changing channel conditions and/or needing to communicate large amounts of data frequently. Using a universal single control information reporting format to report control information to a base station although simple to implement can result in inefficiencies due to tradeoffs made to accommodate the wide variety of different types of anticipated concurrent users with reasonable degree of effectiveness.
- In view of the above, it should be appreciated that there is a need for methods and apparatus which provide flexibility with regard to control information reporting, e.g., flexibility in terms of supported report formats. Improved methods and/or apparatus which tend to match a wireless terminal's current needs and/or conditions to a well suited control information report format would tend to increase efficiency and be beneficial, e.g., in terms of increasing traffic throughput capability. The ability to change control information reporting formats, if it could be supported, could also be useful in some cases.
- Various embodiments are directed to methods and apparatus related to control information reporting over wireless communication channels including control information reporting format alternatives. Selection between various control reporting format alternatives is performed, in some embodiments, by a wireless terminal and/or a base station.
- In some exemplary embodiments, a method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station, includes: determining a set of control information reports to be transmitted, e.g., selecting between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats where said set of control information reports corresponds to a reporting format; generating the determined set of control information reports; and communicating said generated set of control information reports. In some such embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of an application being executed, e.g., a voice application vs a data application. In some embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel conditions, system loading, and user quality of service information. In some embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of a received command signal and a received request signal. An exemplary communications device, e.g., wireless terminal, in accordance with some but not necessarily all embodiments, includes a report format selection module for selecting a reporting format. The reporting format is one of a plurality of supported reporting formats. The reporting format specifies a set of report definitions, e.g., one or more report definitions. In some embodiments, the report format also specifies a reporting schedule as part of the report format. In some implementations, the communications device further includes a report generation module for generating a sequence of reports in accordance with a reporting schedule which is part of a particular selected reporting format and at least one definition in the set of report definitions. The communications device may also include a transmitter for transmitting the generated sequence of reports.
- A method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a base station, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, in accordance with various embodiments, includes: determining a set of control information reports, e.g., one or more reports, to be transmitted. The set of control information reports in some embodiments corresponds to a reporting format. Determining a set of control information reports to be transmitted may include selecting between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats. Interacting with the second communications device may further include generating the determined set of control information reports; and communicating the generated set of control information reports, e.g., by transmitting them over a wireless communications link to the second communications device The transmission may, but need not be, in a control channel dedicated to use by the first communications device. An exemplary communications device, e.g., base station, in accordance with various exemplary embodiments, includes: a report format selection module for selecting a reporting format where the selected reporting format is one of a plurality of supported reporting formats. The reporting format indicates a set of report definitions and, in some but not necessarily all embodiments, also indicates a reporting schedule. The base station may also include a report recovery module for recovering report information from a sequence of received reports in accordance with the selected reporting schedule and at least some definitions in the set of report definitions. In addition, the base station may include a receiver for receiving said sequence of reports. In some but not necessarily all embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of an application being executed, e.g., a voice application vs a data application. In some embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel conditions, system loading, and user quality of service information. In some embodiments, the control information reporting format is selected as a function of at least one of a received command signal and a received request signal.
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FIG. 1 is drawing of an exemplary wireless communications system implemented in accordance with various embodiments. -
FIG. 2 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., base station, implemented in accordance with various embodiments. -
FIG. 3 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., wireless terminal such as a mobile node, implemented in accordance with various embodiments. -
FIG. 4 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., base station, implemented in accordance with various embodiments. -
FIG. 5 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal such as a mobile node, in accordance with various embodiments. -
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station. -
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station. -
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, to interact with a second communications device, e.g., a base station. -
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, which interacts with a second communications device, e.g., a base station. -
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal, which interacts with a second communications device, e.g., a base station. -
FIG. 11 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments in which a base station selects a control information reporting format for a wireless terminal. -
FIG. 12 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments, in which a wireless terminal selects a control information reporting format. -
FIG. 13 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments, in which a base station communicates a custom control information reporting format to a wireless terminal. -
FIG. 14 is a drawing illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments, in which a wireless terminal communicates a custom control information reporting format to a base station. -
FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating exemplary custom dedicated control channel reporting format wireless signals. -
FIG. 16 is a drawing of a table illustrating exemplary wireless terminals, exemplary factors influencing a reporting format being used, and exemplary corresponding dedicated control channel reporting format characteristics. -
FIG. 17 is a drawing of exemplary uplink dedicated control channel (DCCH) segments in an exemplary uplink timing and frequency structure in an exemplary orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communications system. -
FIG. 18 is a table of exemplary dedicated control channel reports. -
FIG. 19 is a table describing the exemplary format of exemplary 5 bit absolute report of downlink signal to noise ratio (DLSNR5). -
FIG. 20 is a drawing illustrating exemplary control information reporting format information for an exemplary recurring time interval for a given dedicated control channel tone, e.g., corresponding to a wireless terminal allocated to use that DCCH tone. -
FIG. 21 is a drawing of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals. -
FIG. 22 is a drawing of a flowchart of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals. -
FIG. 1 is drawing of an exemplarywireless communications system 100 implemented in accordance with various embodiments. Exemplarywireless communications system 100 is, e.g., an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communications system. Exemplarywireless communications system 100 supports a plurality of different reporting formats for communicating control information reports, e.g., a plurality of different dedicated control channel reporting formats for uplink control information signaling. The particular control information reporting format used by a particular wireless terminal at a particular time can be and sometimes is matched to the wireless terminal, e.g., to achieve efficient use of air resources. - Exemplary
wireless communications system 100 includes a plurality of base stations (base station 1 102, . . . , base station M 104). Each base station (102, 104) has a corresponding wireless coverage area (cell 1 106, cell M 108), respectively.System 100 also includesnetwork node 118 which is coupled to base stations (102, 104) via network links (120, 122), respectively.Network node 118 is also coupled to other network nodes and/or the Internet vialink 124. Network links (120, 122, 124) are, e.g., fiber optic links.System 100 may also include cells with multiple sectors and/or cells using multiple carriers. -
System 100 also includes a plurality of wireless terminals. At least some of the wireless terminals are mobile node which may move throughout the communication system. InFIG. 1 , wireless terminals (WT 1 110, WT N 112) are located incell 1 106 and coupled tobase station 1 102 via wireless links (126, 128), respectively. InFIG. 1 , wireless terminals (WT 1″ 114, WT N″ 116) are located incell M 108 and coupled tobase station M 104 via wireless links (130, 132), respectively. -
FIG. 2 is a drawing of anexemplary communications device 200, e.g., base station implemented in accordance with various embodiments.Exemplary communications device 200 may be any of the base stations (102, 104) inFIG. 1 .Exemplary communications device 200 includes areceiver module 204, atransmitter module 208, aprocessor 210, an I/O interface 212 and amemory 214 coupled together via abus 216 over which the various elements communicate data and information. -
Receiver module 204, e.g., an OFDM receiver, is coupled to receiveantenna 202 via which thecommunications device 200 receives uplink signals from a plurality of wireless terminals. Received uplink signals include control channel signals, e.g., dedicated control channel signals, conveying control information reports, e.g., uplink traffic channel request reports, power reports, SNR reports, interference reports, noise reports, latency reports, etc. In some embodiments, the received uplink signals include information conveying a wireless terminal's format selection for control information reports to be transmitted by the wireless terminal.Receiver module 204 includes a decoding anddemodulation module 218 for implementing decoding and demodulation operations on received control channel signals in accordance with the reporting format being used by the wireless terminal. -
Transmitter module 208, e.g., an OFDM transmitter, is coupled to transmitantenna 206 via which the communications device transmits downlink signals to wireless terminals. In some embodiments, the downlink signals include signals conveying, on a per wireless terminal basis, a selected reporting format to be used by a particular wireless terminal for uplink control information reports, e.g., uplink dedicated control channel reports. -
Memory 214 includesroutines 220 and data/information 222. Theprocessor 210, e.g., a CPU, executes theroutines 220 and uses the data/information 222 inmemory 214 to control the operation of the communications device and implement methods. I/O interface 212 couples thecommunications device 200 to other network nodes, e.g., other base stations, routers, AAA nodes, Home Agent nodes, central control nodes, etc., and/or the Internet. -
Routines 220 include a reportformat selection module 224 and a reportformat recovery module 226. The reportformat selection module 224 selects, on a per wireless terminal basis, a reporting format to be used for control information reports, e.g., uplink dedicated control information reports. The reportformat selection module 224 selects a reporting format from a plurality of different reporting formats (reportingformat 1info 232, . . . reporting format N information 234) as a function of at least one of: received format selectioncontrol signal information 250,application type information 240, user quality ofservice information 242,device capability information 244,channel condition information 246 andsystem loading information 248. Selectedreporting format 252 is an output of reportformat selection module 224 and identifies one of (reportingformat 1information 232, . . . , reporting format N information 234). In some embodiments, e.g., an embodiment where thecommunication device 200 decides upon the reporting format selection as a function of at least one ofapplication type information 240,user QoS information 242,device capability information 244,channel condition information 246, andsystem loading information 248, thecommunications device 200 generates transmit signal information to convey the selectedreporting format 254 to convey the selected format, and transmits the selection information to the wireless terminal. In some embodiments, a wireless terminal evaluates and decides upon a reporting format to use and conveys that information tocommunications device 200, which is received as received format selectioncontrol signal information 250. In some such embodiments,communications device 200 does not include transmit selected formatcontrol signal information 254. - Report
format selection module 224 generates receivercontrol signal information 256 and recovery modulecontrol signal information 258. The decoding anddemodulation module 218 ofreceiver module 204 uses the receivercontrol signal information 256 to identify and implement the appropriate coding and modulation scheme corresponding to the selectedreporting format 252. Reportformat recovery module 226, operating on a per wireless terminal basis, uses the recovery modulecontrol signal information 258 to identify and implement the appropriate reporting schedule information, e.g.,info 264, set of report definition information, e.g.,info 266, and particular reporting definitions, e.g. some of info (236, . . . 238) being used for the sequence of uplink control information reports being communicated from the wireless terminal. Received control reportchannel signal information 260 includes information input to and output from decoding anddemodulation module 218. Recoveredcontrol report information 262 includes information output from report format recovermodule 226. - Data/
information 222 includes a plurality of sets of wireless terminal data/information (WT 1 data/information 228, . . . WT N data/information 230), a plurality of sets of reporting format information (reportingformat 1information 232, . . . , reporting format N information 234), and a plurality of sets of report definition information (reportdefinition 1information 236, . . . , report definition X information 238).WT 1 data/information 228 includesapplication type information 240, user quality ofservice information 242,device capability information 244,channel condition information 246,system loading information 248, selected reportingformat 252, receivercontrol signal information 256, recovery modulecontrol signal information 258, received control reportchannel signal information 260, and recoveredcontrol report information 262. In some embodiments,WT 1 data/information includes at least one of a received format selectioncontrol signal information 250 and a transmit selected formatcontrol signal information 254.Reporting format 1information 232 includes reportingschedule information 264, set ofreport definition information 266, and coding andmodulation scheme information 268. -
FIG. 3 is a drawing of anexemplary communications device 300, e.g., wireless terminal such as a mobile node, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.Exemplary communications device 300 may be any of the exemplary wireless terminals (110, 112, 114, 116) inFIG. 1 .Exemplary communications device 300 includes areceiver module 304, a reportformat selection module 320, areport generation module 342, atransmitter module 358 and amemory 324 coupled together. - The report
format selection module 320 selects a reporting format, said reporting format being one of a plurality of supported reporting formats, said reporting format indicating a reporting schedule and a set of report definitions. The reportformat selection module 320 includes: an input for receivingapplication type information 308, an input for receiving user quality ofservice information 312, an input for receivingchannel condition information 314, an input for receivingdevice capability information 316, an input for receivingsystem loading information 318, and an input for receiving a report formatselection control signal 306. - In some embodiments, report
format selection module 320 selects a reporting format as a function of an application being executed by one of said communications device and another communications device. In some such embodiments, said application is one of a voice and a data application. In some embodiments, the reporting format stored in memory that is selected in response to a voice application includes a latency report. In some embodiments, the reporting format stored in memory that is selected in response to a data application includes less frequent uplink request reports than the format selected in response to a voice application but more bits per uplink request on average than used for reports selected in response to a voice application. For example, a reporting format used for a voice application may use 1 bit uplink request reports and a 1 bit uplink request report may be included in each successive dedicated control channel segment, while a reporting format used for a data application may use 4 bit uplink request reports, and a 4 bit uplink request report may be included in once for every 4 successive dedicated control channel segments. - In various embodiments, the report
format selection module 320 selects a reporting format as a function of at least one of device capability information, user quality of service information,channel condition information 314, andsystem loading information 318. Device capability information includes, e.g., number of antennas; number of antennas per channel; device classification information, e.g., strong receiver, weak receiver, voice capable, data capable, voice and data capable, stationary device, low velocity mobile device, high velocity mobile device; rate capability information; power capability information; remaining battery power information, etc. -
Receiver module 304 is coupled to receiveantenna 302 via which the communication devices receives signals. In some embodiments, received signals include a report formatselection control signal 306, e.g., a command from a base station to switch to a particular reporting format. The receivedsignal 306 is conveyed to the reportformat selection module 306 which selects the format as a function receivedsignal 306. - The report
format selection module 320 is coupled tomemory 324 viabus 322.Memory 324 includes a plurality of predetermined reporting format information sets (reportingformat 1information 326, . . . , reporting format N information 334) and report definition information (reportdefinition 1information 336, . . . , report definition X information 338). Report definition information, e.g.,report definition 1information 336, specifies a type of control information and control information to bit mapping information to be communicated in a report, e.g., an SNR report format, a traffic request report format, a power information report format, an interference request format.Report format 1information 326 includes areporting schedule 328, a set ofreport definitions 330, and a coding andmodulation scheme 332. The set ofreport definitions 330 identifies a subset of set of report definitions (336, . . . , 338) used when the wireless terminal is operating in reportingformat 1. Thereporting schedule 328 includes information identifying a sequence of reports to be communicated within a reporting structure, e.g., a predetermined recurring reporting structure, when usingreporting format 1. Coding andmodulation scheme 332 identifies a coding and modulation scheme to be used to communicate control information reports when usingreporting format 1, e.g., BPSK or QPSK, a number of information bits per segment, a number of coded bits per segment, and a mapping between coded bits and modulation symbols. -
Report generation module 342 generates a sequence ofreports 354 in accordance with the selected reporting schedule and at least some definitions in the set of report definitions.Report generation module 342 includes a plurality of different report type generation modules (report type 1generation module 348, . . . , report type X generation module 350) and amultiplexer module 352.Report type 1generation module 348 implements thereport definition 1 336 mapping report controlinformation 344 to generate a set of control information reportbits 349. For example, consider thatreport type 1 is a 4 bit uplink traffic channel request report which communicates backlog information about queued frames of information waiting to be communicated. In one such acase module 348 maps a count of frames to a quantization level represented by one of the sixteen potential 4 bit pattern which can be communicated by the report. Similarly report typeX generation module 350 implements thereport definition X 338 mapping report controlinformation 346 to generate a set of control information reportbits 351. For example, consider that report type X is a 5 bit SNR report. In onesuch case module 350 maps a determined SNR level to a quantization level represented by one of the thirty-two potential 5 bit patterns which can be communicated by the report. - Report
format selection module 320 sends reportgeneration control signal 340 to reportgeneration module 342 to control which reports are to be generated and the sequencing of the reporting in accordance with the selected reporting format to be implemented. For example,control signal 340 enables a sub-set of report generation modules corresponding to the set of report definition corresponding to the selected reporting format. Reportformat selection module 320 also sends acontrol signal 356 to thetransmitter module 358 to control the coding and modulation scheme to be implemented by coding andmodulation module 360 corresponding to the selected reporting format. Coding andmodulation module 360 performs a coding and modulation operation on the generated sequence of reports using a predetermined coding and modulation scheme corresponding to selected reporting format. For example, in one exemplary embodiment for one particular reporting format, a first coding and modulation scheme is used where the sequences of reports are grouped into sets of 6 information bits and the six information bits are coded into 21 QPSK modulation symbols. In the same exemplary embodiment, for another particular reporting format, a second coding and modulation scheme is used where the sequence of reports are grouped into sets of 8 information bits, and the eight information bits are coded into 21 QPSK modulation symbols. In some embodiments, different reporting formats may correspond to different modulation constellations, e.g., a BPSK modulation constellation and a QPSK modulation constellation.Transmitter module 358, e.g., an OFDM transmitter, transmits OFDM signals including the sequence of generated reports via transmitantenna 362. The generated sequence of reports, in some embodiments, corresponds to dedicated control channel reports. -
FIG. 4 is a drawing of anexemplary communications device 400, e.g., base station, implemented in accordance with various embodiments.Exemplary communications device 400 may be any of the exemplary base station (102, 104) inFIG. 1 .Exemplary communications device 400 includes areceiver module 404, atransmitter module 408, aprocessor 410, an I/O interface 412, and amemory 414 coupled together viabus 416 over which the various elements interchange data and information.Memory 414 includesroutines 418 and data/information 420. Theprocessor 410, e.g., a CPU, executes theroutines 418 and uses the data/information 420 inmemory 414 to control the operation of thecommunications device 400 and implement methods. -
Receiver module 404, e.g., an OFDM receiver, is coupled to receiveantenna 402 via which thecommunications device 400 receives uplink signals from a plurality of wireless terminals. The received uplink signals include control channel signals, e.g., dedicated control channel signals conveying dedicated control channel reports. In some embodiments, the received uplink signals also include control channel information reporting format definition information, e.g., control channel format information corresponding to a custom reporting format determined by a wireless terminal. -
Transmitter module 408, e.g., an OFDM transmitter, is coupled to transmitantenna 406 via which thecommunications device 400 transmits downlink signals to a plurality of wireless terminals. In some embodiments, the transmitted downlink signals include control channel information reporting format definition information, e.g., control channel format information corresponding to a custom reporting format determined bycommunications device 400, e.g.,base station 400. - In accordance with various embodiments, different wireless terminals, using
communications device 400, e.g.,base station 400, as their point of network attachment can, and sometimes do, use different custom reporting formats for reporting uplink control information reports, e.g., different dedicated control channel reporting formats. For example, each of the customized reporting formats may be tailored to the current attributes, needs, and/or conditions of the particular wireless terminal and/or the environment in which the wireless terminal is currently operating. - I/
O interface module 412 couples thecommunications device 400 to other network nodes and/or the Internet. Thus I/O interface 412couples communications device 400 to a backhaul network facilitating a WT usingbase station 400 as its point of network attachment to participate in a communications session with a peer node using another base station as its point of network attachment. -
Routines 418 include a control informationreport recovery module 422 and a reportingformat control module 424. In some embodiments,routines 418 include a custom control information reporting format generation module. The control informationreport recovery module 422 is used to process received control information signals and recover control information report information. The control informationreport recovery module 422, which operates on a per wireless terminal basis, uses the selected reporting format information corresponding to the wireless terminal to identify which particular set of stored format information should be utilized to process the control information report signals from the wireless terminal. For example, consider thatreport recovery module 422 is processing received control information reports signals 440 fromWT 1, if selected reportingformat information 438 identifies the custom reporting format, stored control information reportingformat definition information 436 is utilized; however, if selected reportingformat information 438 identifies the default format, then, stored default reportingformat information 434 is utilized. - Reporting
format control module 424 checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information, system loading information and a command control signal; and the reportingformat control module 424 controls switching between different possible formats as a function of the result of the checking. Reportingformat control module 424 includes anevaluation sub-module 426 and aswitching control sub-module 428.Evaluation sub-module 426 checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information and system loading information, e.g., against predetermined criteria, and/or checks for the presence of a command control signal. In some embodiments, a plurality of sets of stored control information reportingformat definition information 436 have been stored, e.g., corresponding to a plurality of possible custom reporting formats andevaluation sub-module 428 is used to select between said plurality of alternative formats.Switching control sub-module 428 is responsive to determinations byevaluation sub-module 426, e.g., implementing a control information reporting format switch from a default reporting format to a first custom reporting format, from a first custom reporting format to a second custom reporting format, and/or from a custom reporting format back to a default reporting format. Custom control information reportingformat generation module 425 generates for a wireless terminal a custom control information reporting format, e.g., a control information reporting format for its dedicated control channel signaling tailored to accommodate the wireless terminal's current application(s), needs, requirements, conditions, capabilities, and/or environment. - Data/
information 420 includes a plurality of sets of wireless terminal data/information (WT 1 data/information 430, . . . , WT N data/information 432), and stored default reportingformat information 434.WT 1 data/information includes stored control information reportingformat information 436, selected reportingformat information 438, received control information reportsinformation 440 and recovered control information reportsinformation 442.WT 1 data/information 430 includes at least one of received control information reportingformat information 456, e.g., e.g., a customized control information reporting format determined byWT 1 for uplink control information reports, and transmitted control information reportingformat information 458, e.g., a customized control information reporting format determined byBS 400 to be used byWT 1 for uplink control information reports. At least some of the stored control information reportingformat information 436 corresponds to one ofinformation 456 andinformation 458. - Stored control information reporting
format definition information 436, e.g., custom reporting format definition information, includes a plurality of report definition information (report 1definition information 444, reportX definition information 446, set ofreports information 448, reportingschedule information 450, e.g., information indicating a sequence in which reports are to be transmitted byWT 1, and coding andmodulation scheme information 452, e.g., information specifying a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to the set of control information reports being communicated.Report 1definition information 444 includesmapping information 454. Mapping-information 454 defines a mapping between information communicated in said report and possible report values. Selectedreporting format 438, e.g., indicates whetherWT 1 is using custom reportingformat definition information 436 or stored default reportingformat information 434. Selected reportingformat information 438 represents a control input used by control informationreport recovery module 422 when processing received control information reports 440 to determined recovered control information reportsinformation 442. - In some embodiments, a wireless terminal generates control information reporting format information, e.g., a custom control information reporting format, and communicates the information to a base station, which will be receiving the control information reports in accordance with the custom reporting format. In some embodiments, the base generates control information reporting format information, e.g., a custom control information reporting format, and communicates the information to a wireless terminal, which will be generating control information reports in accordance with the custom reporting format. Thus, in accordance with various embodiments, a base station may be, and sometimes is receiving control information reports, e.g., dedicated control channel information reports, from a plurality of different wireless terminals, with at least some of the plurality of different wireless terminals using different custom reporting formats. In addition, the same wireless terminal may, and sometimes does, use different custom reporting formats at different times, e.g., with the particular report being tailored to accommodate current device capability information, system loading conditions, needs, applications, quality of service information and/or channel conditions.
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FIG. 5 is a drawing of an exemplary communications device, e.g., a wireless terminal such as a mobile node, in accordance with various embodiments.Exemplary communications device 500 may be any of the exemplary wireless terminals (110, 112, 114, 116) ofFIG. 1 . In this exemplary embodiment, the wireless terminal supports a default control information reporting format and at times supports addition reporting format(s), e.g., one or more custom control reporting formats. For example a custom reporting format may be determined by a base station and downloaded tocommunications device 500 for subsequent use and/or a custom control information reporting format may be determined bycommunications device 500 and transmitted to a base station such that the base station can use the information for interpretation of subsequent control information reports. In various embodiments, the control information reporting format applies to uplink dedicated control channel reports.Exemplary communications device 500 includes areceiver module 504, atransmitter module 508, aprocessor 510, and amemory 512 coupled together via abus 514 over which the various elements interchange data and information.Memory 512 includesroutines 516 and data/information 518. Theprocessor 510, e.g., a CPU, executes theroutines 516 and uses the data/information 518 inmemory 512 to control the operation of the communications device and implement methods. -
Receiver module 504, e.g., an OFDM receiver, is coupled to receiveantenna 502, via which the communications device receives signals, e.g., downlink signals from a base station. In some embodiments, the received signals include received control information reporting format definition information.Transmitter module 508, e.g., an OFDM transmitter, is coupled to transmitantenna 506 via which thecommunications device 500 transmits signals, e.g., uplink signals to a base station. In some embodiments, the transmitted signals include control channel reports, e.g., dedicated control channel reports, in accordance with a stored reporting format. For example, the stored reporting format is, at times, a default reporting format; while at other times the reporting format is a custom reporting format. In some embodiments, another node, e.g., a base station determines a custom reporting format for thecommunications device 500 to use and transmits control information reporting format definition information tocommunications device 500 which is received viareceiver module 504 as received control information reportingformat definition information 546. In some embodiments,communications device 500 determines a custom reporting format for thecommunications device 500 to use and transmits control information reportingformat definition information 548 to another node, e.g., a base station. In this way thecommunications device 500 and the other node, e.g., base station, both can apply the same custom control information reporting format definition to control information reports being communicated, e.g., dedicated control channel reports. -
Routines 516 include a control informationreport generation module 524 and a reportingformat control module 526. In some embodiments,routines 516 include a custom control information reportingformat generation module 527. The reportingformat control module 526 includes anevaluation sub-module 528 and aswitching control sub-module 530. Control informationreport generation module 524 generates a control information report in accordance with at least one of i) received reporting format definition information and ii) transmitted reporting format definition information. - Data/
information 518 includes stored control information reportingformat definition information 532 and stored default reportingformat information 534. Data/information 518 includes at least one of received control information reportingformat definition information 546 and transmitted control information reportingformat definition information 548.Information 546 and/orinformation 548 corresponds to at least some of the information in stored control information reportingformat definition information 532. Stored control information reportingformat definition information 532, e.g., a custom reporting format to be used bywireless terminal 500, includes a plurality of report definition information (report 1definition information 536, . . . , report X definition information 538), a set ofreports information 540, reportingschedule information 542, and coding andmodulation information 544. -
Report 1definition information 536 includes information corresponding to a particular type of report with a particular information bit size, e.g., a 4 bit uplink request report, a 5 bit SNR report, a 5 bit delay information report, etc.Report 1definition information 536 includesmapping information 546 which maps a particular type of control information to one of a plurality of information bit patterns. Thus mappinginformation 546 defines a mapping between information to be included in a generated report and possible report values. Set ofreports information 540 includes information identifying the different types of reports used for the custom reporting format.Reporting schedule information 542 includes information indicating a sequence in which reports of different types are to be transmitted. For example, thereporting schedule information 542 may identify an ordered sequence of report types in a predetermined reporting schedule. Alternatively, or in addition, the reporting schedule information may include information identifying time intervals for reports to be communicated, e.g., which OFDM symbol transmission time intervals are to be used to carry the sequence of control information reports to be transmitted. Coding andmodulation scheme information 544 includes information identifying coding rates, modulation schemes, and/or modulation constellations used. Coding andmodulation scheme information 544 includes information specifying a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to the defined set of reports to be communicated when using this reporting format. - Stored default
reporting format information 534 includes a similar set of information toinformation 532. The default reportingformation information 534 is, in some embodiments, to be used, when communicating with another communications device, e.g., another base station, prior to receiving control information reporting format information from said another device or transmitting control information reporting format definition information to said another device. In some such embodiments, the stored defaultreport format information 534 is used for an initial communication with said another communications device. - Reporting
format control module 526 is used for checking at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information, system loading information and a command control signal and for controlling switching to another format as a result of said checking, e.g., switching to a custom reporting format, defined byinformation 532, which has been received or transmitted.Evaluation sub-module 528 checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information and system loading information, e.g., against predetermined criteria, and/or checks for the presence of a command control signal. In some embodiments, a plurality of sets of stored control information reportingformat definition information 532 have been stored, e.g., corresponding to a plurality of possible custom reporting formats andevaluation sub-module 528 is used to select between said plurality of alternative formats.Switching control sub-module 530 is response to determinations byevaluation sub-module 530, e.g., implementing a control information reporting format switch from a default reporting format to a first custom reporting format, from a first custom reporting format to a second custom reporting format, and from a custom reporting format back to a default reporting format. - Custom control information reporting
format generation module 527 generates for wireless terminal 500 a custom control information reporting format, e.g., a control information reporting format to be used subsequently for its dedicated control channel signaling, the generated custom control information reporting format tailored to accommodate the wireless terminal's current application(s), needs, requirements, conditions, capabilities, and/or environment. -
FIG. 6 is aflowchart 600 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device to interact with a second communications device. For example, the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system. - Operation starts in
step 602, where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds fromstart step 602 to step 604. Instep 604, the first communication device determines a set of control information reports to be transmitted, said set of control information reports corresponding to a first reporting format. Step 604 includes sub-step 606, in which the first communications device selects between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats. In some embodiments, each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports. In various embodiments, the different report types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report and an interference report. In some such embodiments, the reporting format further specifies the control information to be communicated in said different types of reports, e.g., report parameter, report parameter units, quantization level information, and/or bit mapping information. Operation proceeds fromstep 604 to step 608. - In
step 608, the first communications device generates the determined set of reports, and then instep 610, the first communications device communicates the generated set of reports. Step 610 includes sub-steps 612, 614 and 616. Insub-step 612, the first communications device multiplexes the generated reports of different types in accordance with the determined reporting format. Operation proceeds from sub-step 612 tosub-step 614. Insub-step 614, the first communications device performs a coding and modulation operation on the multiplexed generated set of reports to generate a set of coded symbols. In some embodiments, the step of coding and modulation includes using a predetermined coding and modulation scheme corresponding to the determined reporting format, with different coding and modulation schemes being used for at least some of said plurality of reporting formats. Then, insub-step 616, the first communications device maps the coded symbols to segments of a wireless communications channel. For example, a set of ordered coded modulation symbols such as BPSK or QPSK modulation symbols are mapped to an ordered sequence of dedicated control channel segments. Operation proceeds fromstep 610 to step 604, where the first communications device determines another set of control information reports to be transmitted. -
FIG. 7 is aflowchart 700 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device to interact with a second communications device. For example, the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system. - Operation starts in
step 702, where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds fromstart step 702 to step 704. Instep 704, the first communication device determines a set of control information reports to be transmitted, said set of control information reports corresponding to a first reporting format. Step 704 includes sub-step 706, in which the first communications device selects the reporting format as a function of an application being executed by one of said first and second communications devices. - In some embodiments, the application is one of a voice and data application. In some such embodiments, a reporting format selected in response to a voice application includes a latency report and a reporting format selected in response to a data application includes less frequency uplink request reports than a format used for voice but more bits per uplink request on average than used for voice.
- In some embodiments, each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports. In various embodiments, the different report types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report, an interference report, and a delay report. In some such embodiments, the reporting format further specifies the control information to be communicated in said different types of reports, e.g., report parameter, report parameter units, quantization level information, and/or bit mapping information. Operation proceeds from
step 704 to step 708. - In
step 708, the first communications device generates the determined set of reports, and then instep 710, the first communications device communicates the generated set of reports. Operation proceeds fromstep 710 to step 704, where the first communications device determines another set of control information reports to be transmitted. -
FIG. 8 is aflowchart 800 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device to interact with a second communications device. For example, the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system. - Operation starts in
step 802, where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds fromstart step 802 to step 804. Instep 804, the first communication device determines a set of control information reports to be transmitted, said set of control information reports corresponding to a first reporting format. Step 804 includes sub-step 806, in which the first communications device determines a reporting format as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel conditions, system loading, and quality of service information. Device capability information includes, e.g., information regarding number of antennas, information regarding number of receiver chains, power information, data rates supported, modulation schemes supported, receiver sensitivity, self noise information, and application support. For example, wireless terminals may be classified in sub-groups as a function of device capability, e.g., voice capable cellphones, voice and data capable cell phones, data terminals, voice and data terminals. Another exemplary classification may be in terms of mobility capability. Some wireless terminals may be suitable for stationary operation but not intended for dynamic operations, others may be suitable for mobile operation at up to a first rate of motion, and still others may be suitable for mobile operations at upto a second rate of motion, said second rate being higher than said first rate. Power information is also used in some embodiments to determine a reporting format to be used. Power information may include, power source information, e.g., battery vs external source, different power modes, e.g., a normal communications mode and a power saving mode, remaining battery power information, transmission power level information, rate of usage of battery power, etc. - In some embodiments, each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports. In various embodiments, the different report types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report format, an interference report, and a delay report. In some such embodiments, the reporting format further specifies the control information to be communicated in said different types of reports, e.g., report parameter, report parameter units, quantization level information, and/or bit mapping information. Operation proceeds from
step 804 to step 808. - In
step 808, the first communications device generates the determined set of reports, and then instep 810, the first communications device communicates the generated set of reports. Operation proceeds fromstep 810 to step 804, where the first communications device determines another set of control information reports to be transmitted. -
FIG. 9 is aflowchart 900 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device which interacts with a second communications device. For example, the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system. - Operation starts in
step 902, where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds fromstart step 902 to step 904. Instep 904, the first communication device uses a default reporting format when communicating with said second communications device. Then, instep 906, the first communications device performs at least one of receiving and transmitting control information reporting format definition information via a wireless communications link. The reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless communications link, in some embodiments, is sufficient to define the reporting format. For example, the reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless link may include individual report format information corresponding to a plurality of different types of reports and reporting sequence information. The reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless communications link, in some embodiments, is used in combination with pre-stored information to define the reporting format. For example, the first and second communication devices may have pre-stored a plurality of individual report format definitions corresponding to a plurality of different types of reports, and the reporting format definition information communicated over the wireless link may include information identifying a subset of those different types of reports and an ordered sequence of reports corresponding to members of the identified subset Operation proceeds fromstep 906 to step 908. Instep 908, the first communications device generates a control information report in accordance with one of the received and transmitted reporting format definition information. - In some embodiments, the reporting format provides a definition mapping information to be included in a control information report to possible report values, e.g., for a plurality of different reports. For example, the reporting format may include a report definition for a 5 bit SNR report, a report definition for a 1 bit uplink traffic channel request report, a report definition for a 3 bit uplink traffic channel request report, a report definition for a 4 bit power report, etc. In various embodiments, the reporting format defines a reporting schedule according to which reports are to be transmitted. In some embodiments, the reporting format defines a set of reports which are to be transmitted in accordance with the defined reporting schedule. A reporting format may, and sometime does, specify a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to a set of reports.
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FIG. 10 is aflowchart 1000 of an exemplary method of operating a first communications device which interacts with a second communications device. For example, the first communications device may be a wireless terminal and the second communications device may be a base station, said first and second communication devices being included in a multiple access wireless communications system, e.g., an OFDM multiple access wireless communications system. - Operation starts in
step 1002, where the first communications device is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds fromstart step 1002 to step 1004. Instep 1004, the first communication device uses a default report format as a current reporting format when communicating with said second communications device. Then, instep 1006, the first communications device performs at least one of receiving and transmitting control information reporting format definition information from a wireless communications link. In some embodiments, the reporting format definition information is received from a base station, e.g., the base station which the first communications device is using as its current attachment point. In some embodiments, the reporting format definition information is received from a centralized server. Operation proceeds fromstep 1006 to step 1008. - In
step 1008, the first communications device checks at least one of device capability information, channel conditions, application information, quality of service information and system loading. Then, instep 1010, the first communications device determines if the result of the check ofstep 1008 indicates that the reporting format should be changed. If the determination ofstep 1010 is that the reporting format should be changed, then operation proceeds to step 1012; otherwise, operation proceeds to step 1014. Instep 1012, the first wireless terminal switches the current reporting format to a new reporting format, e.g., said new reporting format in accordance with said control information reporting format definition information from a wireless communications link. Operation proceeds fromstep 1012 to step 1014. Instep 1014, the first communications device generates a control information report in accordance with the current report format definition information. Operation proceeds fromstep 1014 to step 1008, where the first communication device performs another check of at least one of device capability information, channel condition, application information, quality of service information and system loading. - In some embodiments, the reporting format provides a definition mapping information to be included in said report to possible report values. In various embodiments, the reporting format further defines a reporting schedule according to which reports are to be transmitted. In some embodiments, the reporting format defines a set of reports which are to be transmitted in accordance with the defined reporting schedule. A reporting format may, and sometime does, specify a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to a set of reports.
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FIG. 11 is a drawing 1100 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments. First, second, and third rows (1102, 1104, 1106) illustrateexemplary base station 1108 andexemplary wireless terminal 1110 in a time sequential manner.Exemplary base station 1108 may beexemplary base station 200 ofFIG. 2 , whileexemplary wireless terminal 1110 may beexemplary wireless terminal 300 ofFIG. 3 .Row 1102 will now be described.Exemplary base station 1108 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1information 1112,DCCH reporting format 2information 1114,DCCH reporting format 3information 1116,DCCH reporting format 4 information 1118) andexemplary wireless terminal 1110 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1information 1120,DCCH reporting format 2information 1122,DCCH reporting format 3information 1124,DCCH reporting format 4 information 1126). In this exemplary embodiment, thebase station 1108 selects a reporting format from among potential reporting formats as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information. In this example,base station 1108 selectsDCCH reporting format 2 as indicated byarrow 1128. Then thebase station 1108 sends a formatselection control signal 1130 towireless terminal 1110 commanding the wireless terminal to useDCCH reporting format 2, whichwireless terminal 1110 receives. -
Second row 1104 will now be described.Wireless terminal 1110 processes controlcommand signal 1130 and selects to useDCCH reporting format 2 as indicated byarrow 1132. -
Third row 1106 will now be described.Wireless terminal 1110 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance withDCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by generatedinformation 1134. Wireless terminal transmits DCCH report signals 1136 tobase station 1108. Thebase station 1108 receives and processes the DCCH report signals usingDCCH reporting format 2information 1114 obtaining recoveredDCCH report information 1138. -
FIG. 12 is a drawing 1200 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments. First, second, and third rows (1202, 1204, 1206) illustrateexemplary base station 1208 andexemplary wireless terminal 1210 in a time sequential manner.Exemplary base station 1208 may beexemplary base station 200 ofFIG. 2 , whileexemplary wireless terminal 1110 may beexemplary wireless terminal 300 ofFIG. 3 .Row 1202 will now be described.Exemplary base station 1208 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1information 1212,DCCH reporting format 2information 1214,DCCH reporting format 3information 1216,DCCH reporting format 4 information 1218), andexemplary wireless terminal 1210 includes dedicated control channel reporting format information corresponding to a plurality of predetermined formats (DCCH reporting format 1information 1220,DCCH reporting format 2information 1222,DCCH reporting format 3information 1224,DCCH reporting format 4 information 1226). In this exemplary embodiment, thewireless terminal 1208 selects a reporting format from among potential reporting formats as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information. In this example,wireless terminal 1208 selectsDCCH reporting format 2 as indicated byarrow 1228. Then thewireless terminal 1210 sends a formatselection control signal 1230 tobase station 1208 commanding the base station to useDCCH reporting format 2, whichbase station 1208 receives. -
Second row 1204 will now be described.Base station 1208 processes controlcommand signal 1230 and selects to useDCCH reporting format 2 as indicated byarrow 1232. -
Third row 1206 will now be described.Wireless terminal 1210 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance withDCCH reporting format 2 as indicated by generatedinformation 1234.Wireless terminal 1210 transmits DCCH report signals 1236 tobase station 1208. Thebase station 1208 receives and processes the DCCH report signals usingDCCH reporting format 2information 1214 obtaining recoveredDCCH report information 1238. -
FIG. 13 is a drawing 1300 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments. First, second, and third rows (1302, 1304, 1306) illustrateexemplary base station 1308 andexemplary wireless terminal 1310 in a time sequential manner.Exemplary base station 1308 may beexemplary base station 400 ofFIG. 4 , whileexemplary wireless terminal 1310 may beexemplary wireless terminal 500 ofFIG. 5 .Row 1302 will now be described.Exemplary base station 1308 includes dedicated control channel (DCCH) defaultreporting format information 1312 and customDCCH reporting format 1information 1314, andexemplary wireless terminal 1310 includes DCCH default reportingformat information 1316. CustomDCCH reporting format 1 is, e.g., a reporting format which has been tailored forwireless terminal 1310, e.g., tailored to accommodateWT 1310 current conditions, needs, situation, etc. For example,custom reporting format 1 is in some embodiments, structured as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information.Custom reporting format 1, is in some embodiments generated bybase station 1308. Alternatively or in addition, customDCCH reporting format 1 is, e.g., a new release format to be conveyed towireless terminal 1310, e.g., as part of an upgrade. Then thebase station 1308 transmits over a wireless communications channel customDCCH reporting format 1information signals 1318 towireless terminal 1310, which receives signals 1318.Signals 1318 conveys, e.g., a set of information defining the custom DCCH reporting format, e.g, a plurality of individual report definition information, information identifying a sequence of the plurality of individual reports, information identifying a coding and modulation scheme, and information defining a recurring time interval. Alternatively, signals 1318 convey, e.g., some of the information defining the customDCCH reporting format 1, and the set of customDCCH reporting format 1 information can be constructed fromsignals 1318 and some pre-stored information. For example, thewireless terminal 1310 may have pre-stored report definition information corresponding to a plurality of alternative reports, and signals 1318 convey a definition for an ordered sequence of reports to be communicated in a recurring structure. -
Second row 1304 will now be described.Wireless terminal 1310 processes receivedsignals 1318 conveying customDCCH reporting format 1 information and stores customDCCH reporting format 1information 1320. -
Third row 1306 will now be described.Arrow 1322 pointing to customDCCH reporting format 1information 1320 inwireless terminal 1310 andarrow 1324 pointing to DCCHcustom reporting format 1information 1414 inbase station 1308 indicate that at this time bothWT 1310 andbase station 1308 are using DCCHcustom reporting format 1.Wireless terminal 1310 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance with customDCCH reporting format 1 as indicated byinformation 1326.Wireless terminal 1310 transmits DCCH report signals 1328 tobase station 1308. Thebase station 1308 receives and processes the DCCH report signals using customDCCH reporting format 1information 1314 obtaining recoveredDCCH report information 1330. -
FIG. 14 is a drawing 1400 illustrating features in accordance with some embodiments. First, second, and third rows (1402, 1404, 1406) illustrateexemplary base station 1408 andexemplary wireless terminal 1410 in a time sequential manner.Exemplary base station 1408 may beexemplary base station 400 ofFIG. 4 , whileexemplary wireless terminal 1410 may beexemplary wireless terminal 500 ofFIG. 5 .Row 1402 will now be described.Exemplary base station 1408 includes dedicated control channel (DCCH) defaultreporting format information 1412, andexemplary wireless terminal 1410 includes DCCH default reportingformat information 1414 and customDCCH reporting format 1information 1416. CustomDCCH reporting format 1 is, e.g., a reporting format which has been tailored bywireless terminal 1410 forwireless terminal 1410, e.g., tailored to accommodateWT 1410 current conditions, needs, situation, etc. For example,custom reporting format 1 is in some embodiments, structured as a function of at least one of: application information, e.g., voice or data, device capability information, user quality of service information, channel condition information, system loading information, and system environment information. Then wireless terminal 1410 transmits over a wireless communications channel customDCCH reporting format 1information signals 1418 tobase station 1408, which receives signals 1418.Signals 1418 convey, e.g., a set of information defining the customDCCH reporting format 1, e.g., a plurality of individual report definition information, information identifying a sequence of the plurality of individual reports, information identifying a coding and modulation scheme, and information defining a recurring time interval. Alternatively, signals 1418 convey, e.g., some of the information defining the customDCCH reporting format 1, and the set of customDCCH reporting format 1 information can be constructed fromsignals 1418 and some pre-stored information. For example, thebase station 1410 may have pre-stored report definition information corresponding to a plurality of alternative reports, and signals 1418 convey a definition for an ordered sequence of reports to be communicated, e.g., in a recurring structure. -
Second row 1404 will now be described.Base station 1408 processes receivedsignals 1418 conveying customDCCH reporting format 1 information and stores customDCCH reporting format 1information 1420. -
Third row 1406 will now be described.Arrow 1422 pointing to customDCCH reporting format 1information 1416 inwireless terminal 1410 and arrow 1424 pointing to DCCHcustom reporting format 1information 1420 inbase station 1408 indicate that at this time bothWT 1410 andbase station 1408 are using DCCHcustom reporting format 1.Wireless terminal 1410 generates a sequence of uplink DCCH reports in accordance with customDCCH reporting format 1 as indicated byinformation 1426.Wireless terminal 1410 transmits DCCH report signals 1428 tobase station 1408. Thebase station 1408 receives and processes the DCCH report signals using customDCCH reporting format 1information 1420 obtaining recoveredDCCH report information 1430. -
FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating exemplary custom dedicated control channel reportingformat wireless signals DCCH reporting format 1information signals 1318 orFIG. 13 or 1418 orFIG. 14 . - Exemplary DCCH custom reporting
format wireless signals 1502 includes a plurality of report type definition information (report type 1definition information 1504, . . . , report type N definition information 1506), reportingschedule information 1508, and coding andmodulation information 1510. Each report type definition information (1504, 1506) includes mapping information (1512, 1514), respectively, which defines mapping of control information to potential information bit patterns used by the report.Reporting schedule information 1508 includesreport sequencing information 1516, recurring timingstructure information 1518, and DCCHsegment definition information 1520. - Exemplary DCCH custom reporting
format wireless signals 1504 includes sequence information corresponding to known report types, e.g., a sequence indicating report C, report A, report B, report J, report D, . . . , report A, report D. In some embodiments, a recurring DCCH reporting structure is known, e.g., 40 indexed DCCH segments in a beaconslot, and the reporting sequence communicated insignals 1504 is such to identify the report types used for the segments. In some embodiments, the number and/or type of reports communicated in the reporting sequence insignals 1504 is used to identify the number of reports to be communicated and/or the size of a recurring reporting structure. -
FIG. 16 is a drawing of a table 1600 illustrating exemplary wireless terminal terminals, exemplary factors influencing a reporting format being used, and exemplary corresponding dedicated control channel reporting format characteristics.First column 1602 lists fifteen exemplary wireless terminals (WT 1, . . . , WT 15).Second column 1604 lists a factor influencing the reporting format being used for a corresponding WT.Third column 1606 lists a DCCH reporting format characteristic corresponding to the WT. -
First row 1608 indicates thatexemplary WT 1 is using a voice traffic application, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes a delay report and frequent small bit size traffic request reports, e.g., frequent single bit uplink traffic channel request reports.Second row 1610 indicates thatexemplary WT 2 is using a delay insensitive data traffic application, e.g., a file transfer protocol (FTP) application, and the DCCH reporting format being used does not include delay reports, but does include infrequent large bit size traffic request reports, e.g., infrequent 4 bit uplink traffic channel request reports.Third row 1612 indicates thatexemplary WT 3 has a need to communicate a mixture of voice and data traffic, e.g.,WT 3 is running a voice application an Internet gaming application, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes a mixture of different size traffic request reports, e.g., a 1 bit uplink traffic channel request report, a 3 bit traffic channel request report, and a 4 bit traffic channel request report.Fourth row 1614 indicates thatexemplary WT 4 is a multiple antenna device, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes additional SNR reports for reporting various alternatives.Fifth row 1616 indicates thatexemplary WT 5 is experiencing low battery power level, and the DCCH reporting format being used has less segments per unit time to conserve energy.Sixth row 1618 indicates thatexemplary WT 6 is a stationary device, and the DCCH reporting format being used less frequently reports SNR and transmission power information, e.g., transmission power backoff information.Seventh row 1620 indicates thatexemplary WT 7 is a moving high velocity device, and the DCCH reporting format being used more frequently reports SNR and transmission power information, e.g., transmission power backoff information.Eighth row 1622 indicates thatexemplary WT 8 includes an expensive high quality receiver, and the DCCH reporting format being used omits self-noise reports.Ninth row 1624 indicates thatexemplary WT 9 is using an isolated base station, and the DCCH reporting format being used omits interference reports comparing signals from different base stations, e.g., beacon ratio reports are not included.Tenth row 1626 indicates thatexemplary WT 10 is experiencing very good and stable channel conditions, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes an SNR report that has a narrow range around relatively high values, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes at least some differential reports, e.g., delta reports with respect to previously communicated DCCH reports.Eleventh row 1628 indicates thatexemplary WT 11 is experiencing poor but stable channel conditions, and the DCCH reporting format being used includes an SNR report that has a narrow range around relatively low values.Twelfth row 1630 indicates thatexemplary WT 12 is experiencing widely varying channel conditions, and the DCCH reporting format being used include an SNR report that has a wide reporting range.Thirteenth row 1632 indicates thatexemplary WT 13 is using a base station experiencing high system loading, and the DCCH reporting format being used has less segments allocated to WT per time interval to free up resources for the other wireless terminals.Fourteenth row 1634 indicates thatexemplary WT 14 has high QoS requirements, and the DCCH reporting format being used provides for additional opportunities for traffic requests.Fifteenth row 1636 indicates thatexemplary WT 15 has just recently accessed the base station, and the DCCH reporting format being used is a default format. -
FIG. 17 is a drawing 1700 of exemplary uplink dedicated control channel (DCCH) segments in an exemplary uplink timing and frequency structure in an exemplary orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple access wireless communications system. The uplink dedicated control channel is used to send Dedicated Control Reports (DCR) from wireless terminals to base stations.Vertical axis 1702 plots logical uplink tone index whilehorizontal axis 1704 plots the uplink index of the halfslot within a beaconslot. In this example, an uplink tone block includes 113 logical uplink tones indexed (0, . . . , 112); there are seven successive OFDM symbol transmission time periods within a halfslot, 2 additional OFDM symbol time periods followed by 16 successive half-slots within a superslot, and 8 successive superslots within a beacon slot. The first 9 OFDM symbol transmission time periods within a superslot are an access interval, and the dedicated control channel does not use the air link resources of the access interval. - The exemplary dedicated control channel is subdivided into 31 logical tones (
uplink tone index 81 1706,uplink tone index 82 1708, . . . ,uplink tone index 111 1710). Each logical uplink tone (81, . . . , 111) in the logical uplink frequency structure corresponds to a logical tone indexed with respect to the DCCH channel (0, . . . , 30). - For each tone in the dedicated control channel there are 40 segments in the beaconslot corresponding to forty columns (1712, 1714, 1716, 1718, 1720, 1722, . . . , 1724). The segment structure repeats on a beaconslot basis. For a given tone in the dedicated control channel there are 40 segments corresponding to a
beaconslot 1728; each of the eight superslots of the beaconslot includes 5 successive segments for the given tone. For example, forfirst superslot 1726 ofbeaconslot 1728, corresponding to tone 0 of the DCCH, there are five indexed segments (segment [0] [0], segment [0] [1], segment [0][2], segment [0][3], segment [0][4]). Similarly, forfirst superslot 1726 ofbeaconslot 1728, corresponding to tone 1 of the DCCH, there are five indexed segments (segment [1][0], segment [1][1], segment [1][2], segment [1][3], segment [1][4]). Similarly, forfirst superslot 1726 ofbeaconslot 1728, corresponding to tone 30 of the DCCH, there are five indexed segments (segment [30][0], segment [30][1], segment [30][2], segment [30][3], segment [30][4]). - In this example each segment, e.g., segment [0][0], comprises one tone for 3 successive half-slots, e.g., representing an allocated uplink air link resource of 21 OFDM tone-symbols. In some embodiments, logical uplink tones are hopped to physical tones in accordance with an uplink tone hopping sequence such that the physical tone associated with a logical tone may be different for successive half-slots, but remains constant during a given half-slot.
- Each logical tone of the dedicated control channel may be assigned by the base station to a different wireless terminal using the base station as its current point of attachment. For example, logical tone (506, 508, . . . , 510) may be currently assigned to (
WT A 1730,WT B 1732, . . . , WT N″ 1734), respectively. - Each uplink DCCH segment is used to transmit a set of Dedicated Control Channel Reports (DCRs). A list of exemplary DCRs is given in table 1800 of
FIG. 18 .First column 1802 of table 1800 describes abbreviated names used for each exemplary report. The name of each report ends with a number which specifies the number of bits of the DCR.Second column 1804 of table 1800 briefly describes each named report. -
FIG. 19 is a table 1900 describing the exemplary format of exemplary 5 bit absolute report of downlink signal to noise ratio (DLSNR5).Column 1902 lists the 32 possible information bit patterns for the report, andcolumn 1904 lists a corresponding reported WT measured downlink pilot channel SNR conveyed by the report. A wireless terminal measures downlink pilot channel SNR, determines the SNR reported value possibility closest to the measured value, and then determines the corresponding 5 bit pattern to be reported in the report. Each report in table 1800 has its own corresponding mapping information. -
FIG. 20 is a drawing 2099 illustrating an exemplary reporting format information in an exemplary beaconslot for a given DCCH tone, e.g., corresponding to a wireless terminal. InFIG. 20 , each block (2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028, 2029, 2030, 2031, 2032, 2033, 2034, 2035, 2036, 2037, 2038, 2039) represents one segment whose index s2 (0, . . . , 39) is shown above the block inrectangular region 2040. Each block, e.g., block 2000 representingsegment 0, conveys 6 information bits; each block comprises 6 rows corresponding to the 6 bits in the segment, where the bits are listed from the most significant bit to the least significant bit downwards from the top row to the bottom row as shown inrectangular region 2043. -
FIG. 20 illustrates one exemplary reporting format, e.g., a default reporting format. Numerous variations are possible. Some reporting formats may be additional pre-stored reporting formats. Some reporting formats may be custom reporting formats, e.g., tailored for a particular wireless terminal, set of wireless terminals, type of wireless terminal, and/or set of conditions. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, use different numbers of information bits/segment, e.g., 8 information bit/per segment instead of 6 information bits/segment. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, use different modulation schemes. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiment, have a different set of reports used. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, have different orderings and/or frequencies of reports. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiment, intentionally omit certain types of reports. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, have a concentration of certain types of reports. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, use different sets of segments. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, refrain from transmitting of subsets of segments. Some different reporting formats, in some embodiments, have different durations, e.g., different durations of a recurring pattern. - Different wireless terminals may be using different control information reporting formats at the same time. In addition the same wireless terminal may use different control information reporting formats at different times.
-
FIG. 21 is a drawing of aflowchart 2100 of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals. Operation starts instep 2102, where the base station is powered on and initialized and proceeds to step 2104, for each wireless terminal of some wireless terminals allocated a dedicated control channel by the base station. At different times different wireless terminals are allocated dedicated control channels by the base station. In addition, in the communications system, some wireless terminal may support a plurality of control information reporting formats, while some less capable wireless terminals may support a single control information reporting format. - In
step 2104, the base station determines a set of control information reports to be received, said set of control information reports corresponding to a reporting format.Step 2104 includes sub-step 2106. In sub-step 2106, the base station selects between a plurality of predetermined reporting formats.Sub-step 2106 includes one or more of sub-step 2108, 2110, and 2112. In sub-step 2108, the base station selects the control information reporting format as a function of an application being executed, e.g., by said base station or said wireless terminal or a peer node in a communications session with said wireless terminal. In some embodiments, the application is one of a voice and a data application. In some such embodiments, a reporting format selected in response to a voice application includes a latency report or includes latency information embedded in a traffic channel request report, and a reporting format selected in response to a data application includes less frequent uplink request reports than a reporting format used for voice but more bits per uplink request on average than used for voice. For example, frequently scheduled 1 bit uplink request reports may be used in an exemplary reporting format tailored for a voice application, while less frequently scheduled 3 and/or 4 bit uplink traffic channel request reports may be used in an exemplary reporting format tailored for a data application. In sub-step 2110, the base station selects the control information reporting format as a function of at least one of: device capability information, channel condition information, system loading information, and user quality of service (QoS) information. In sub-step 2112, the base station selects the control information reporting format as a function of at least one of: a command signal or a request signal received from said wireless terminal. - In some embodiments, each of said plurality of predetermined reporting formats specifies a plurality of different types of reports and an ordering of said different types of reports. In some embodiments, the different reporting types includes at least two of a SNR report, a traffic request report, a power information report, an interference report, and a delay report, e.g., a latency report. In some embodiments, the reporting format specifies the control information to be communicated in the different types of reports, e.g., counts of frames of traffic backlog with defined quanitization, SNR level in dB with defined quantization, power gain level in dBs with defined quantization, etc.
- Operation proceeds from
step 2104 to step 2114. Instep 2114, the base station receives signals, e.g., dedicated control channel segment OFDM signals, conveying said determined set of reports. Then, instep 2116, the base station performs a demodulation and decoding operation on said received signals to generate sets of ordered information bits, each set of ordered information bits corresponding to a communications segment.Step 2116 includes sub-step 2118. In sub-step 2118, the base station uses a predetermined decoding and demodulation scheme corresponding to said reporting format, different decoding and demodulation schemes being used for at least some of said plurality of reporting formats. For example, in one exemplary embodiment one exemplary control information reporting format uses a demodulation and decoding scheme which obtains 6 information bits from 21 QPSK modulation symbols corresponding to a dedicated control channel communications segment; while a different exemplary control information format uses a demodulation and decoding scheme which obtains 8 information bits from 21 QPSK modulation symbols corresponding to a dedicated control channel communications segment. Operation proceeds fromstep 2116 to step 2120. - In
step 2110, the base station maps the ordered bits of a segment to one or more control information reports in accordance with said reporting format. For example, corresponding to one exemplary control information reporting format, a first segment in a recurring structure may convey 6 ordered information bits, and bits 1-5 convey a 5 bit downlink SNR report, while bit 0 (LSb) conveys a 1 bit uplink traffic channel request report. Operation proceeds fromstep 2120 to step 2122. - In
step 2122, the base station recovers information from said set of determined control information reports in accordance with said reporting format. For example, the bit pattern, e.g., 01110, of a received SNR report may report a pilot channel SNR measurement value, e.g., 2 dB. - Operation proceeds from
step 2122 to step 2104, where the base station determines another set of control information reports to be received by the wireless terminal assuming the wireless terminal is still allocated a dedicated control channel by the base station. - In some embodiments, the received signals, e.g., dedicated control channel segment signals, from multiple wireless terminal using the base station are received concurrently, and the control information reporting format for at least some of the different wireless terminals, at at least some times is different. For example, a first wireless terminal communicating with the base station may be using a control information reporting format tailored for a voice application, and a second wireless terminal communicating with the base station may be using a control information reporting format tailored to delay insensitive data communications, e.g., file transfers.
-
FIG. 22 is a drawing of aflowchart 2200 of an exemplary method of operating a base station to interact with one or more wireless terminals. For example, the base station and wireless terminal may be part of a multiple access OFDM wireless communications system including a dedicated control channel for uplink control information reports and using dedicated control channel segments. Operation starts instep 2202, where the base station is powered on and initialized. Operation proceeds fromstart step 2202 to step 2204, for each wireless terminal of some wireless terminals allocated a dedicated control channel by a base station. Instep 2204, the base station uses a default format as a current reporting format when communicating with said wireless terminal, e.g., as part of an initial communications with the wireless terminal. - Operation proceeds from
step 2204 to step 2206, where the base station performs at least one of receiving and transmitting control information reporting format definition information from a wireless communications link. In some embodiments, a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information providing definition mapping information to be included in said report to possible report values. In some embodiments, a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information defining a reporting schedule according to which reports are to be transmitted. In some embodiments, a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information defining a set of reports which are to be transmitted, e.g., by a wireless terminal to the base station, in accordance with the defined reporting schedule. In some embodiments, a control information reporting format includes reporting format definition information specifying a coding and modulation scheme to be applied to the set of reports. - Then, in
step 2208, the base station checks at least one of device capability information, channel condition information, application information, quality of service information, system loading information, and the reception of a control information format switching command or request from said wireless terminal. - In
step 2210, the base station decides how to proceed based on the result of the check ofstep 2208. If the result of the check indicates that the reporting format should be changed, operation proceeds to step 2212; otherwise operation proceeds to step 2214. - In
step 2212, the base station switches the current reporting format to a new reporting format, e.g., said new reporting format in accordance with said control information reporting format definition information received or transmitted from a wireless communication link ofstep 2206. Operation proceeds fromstep 2212 to step 2214. - In
step 2214, the base station recovers control information corresponding to a received control information report in accordance with the current reporting format. Operation proceeds fromstep 2214 to step 2208, where the base station perform another check. - In some embodiments, reporting format information, e.g., corresponding to customized control information reports, is communicated between a base station and a wireless terminal using the base station as its attachment point. In some embodiments, reporting format information corresponding to a wireless terminal is communicated to and/or stored at a centralized server and/or a home agent node. In some such embodiments, state information corresponding to a control information reporting format, for a wireless terminal is stored, e.g., in a centralized server, home agent node, and/or base station. In some embodiments such stored information can, and sometimes is, retrieved and transferred to a new base station, e.g., as part of a handoff process and/or initialization process when attaching to a new base station.
- While described in the context of an OFDM system, the methods and apparatus of various embodiments, are applicable to a wide range of communications systems including many non-OFDM and/or non-cellular systems.
- In various embodiments nodes described herein are implemented using one or more modules to perform the steps corresponding to one or more methods, for example, signal processing, beacon generation, beacon detection, beacon measuring, connection comparisons, connection implementations. In some embodiments various features are implemented using modules. Such modules may be implemented using software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. Many of the above described methods or method steps can be implemented using machine executable instructions, such as software, included in a machine readable medium such as a memory device, e.g., RAM, floppy disk, etc. to control a machine, e.g., general purpose computer with or without additional hardware, to implement all or portions of the above described methods, e.g., in one or more nodes. Accordingly, among other things, various embodiments are directed to a machine-readable medium including machine executable instructions for causing a machine, e.g., processor and associated hardware, to perform one or more of the steps of the above-described method(s).
- Numerous additional variations on the methods and apparatus described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the above descriptions. Such variations are to be considered within scope. The methods and apparatus of various embodiments may be, and in various embodiments are, used with CDMA, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and/or various other types of communications techniques which may be used to provide wireless communications links between access nodes and mobile nodes. In some embodiments the access nodes are implemented as base stations which establish communications links with mobile nodes using OFDM and/or CDMA. In various embodiments the mobile nodes are implemented as notebook computers, personal data assistants (PDAs), or other portable devices including receiver/transmitter circuits and logic and/or routines, for implementing the methods of various embodiments.
Claims (84)
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