US20130216889A1 - Hose made from an elastic material - Google Patents
Hose made from an elastic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130216889A1 US20130216889A1 US13/880,685 US201113880685A US2013216889A1 US 20130216889 A1 US20130216889 A1 US 20130216889A1 US 201113880685 A US201113880685 A US 201113880685A US 2013216889 A1 US2013216889 A1 US 2013216889A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hose
- end piece
- clip
- thickened portion
- coolant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
- F16L11/122—Hoses provided with integrated fixing means, e.g. hooks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
- F16L11/121—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting specially profiled cross sections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
- F16L33/02—Hose-clips
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
- F16L33/02—Hose-clips
- F16L33/025—Hose-clips tightened by deforming radially extending loops or folds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
- F16L33/28—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses for hoses with one end terminating in a radial flange or collar
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
- F16L41/03—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted comprising junction pieces for four or more pipe members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H01M10/5077—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hose made from an elastic material according to the preamble of claim 1 .
- the invention furthermore relates to a hose made from an elastic material, which comprises at least two branch-off points, according to claim 13 .
- the invention furthermore relates to a use of such a hose for transporting a coolant for cooling batteries and to a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- a hose clip When assembling a hose on a hose connector, a hose clip is frequently used in order to fix the hose on the hose connector and guarantee a secure and lasting seal.
- the work procedure usually consists in that the hose clip is firstly loosely pushed over the hose, a hose end piece then being pushed over the hose connector, then the hose clip being positioned and held in an assembly region in the region of the hose end piece and finally fastened. When fastening the hose clip, the latter is contracted so that through the hose clip the hose is pressed against the hose connector.
- Such a hose clip fastening is known for example from DE 88 08 680 U1.
- the invention is based on the object of stating a hose with which the assembly by means of a hose clip described before is simplified. Furthermore, advantageous usage possibilities for such a hose are to be stated.
- the invention facilitates the assembly of hoses with hose clips. It is advantageous that the hose end piece is molded through at least one thickened portion protruding from the outside of the hose in such a manner that the hose clip prior to the final fixing, can be captively put on. Because of this, the hose clip is held in the position that is correct for the assembly and merely has to still be finally fixed, for example by tightening a clamping screw or crimping.
- the thickened portion is formed in such a manner that a hose clip that is suitable for fastening the hose on the hose connector is held on the hose end piece by the thickened portion at least against the influence of gravity, when the latter is effective in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece.
- the thickened portion in this case allows the hose clip to be pushed over because of the elasticity of the material of the hose or of the thickened portion used. In this way, the hose clip is securely held on the hose end at least with respect to the influence of gravity and cannot fall down.
- the invention has a particularly positive effect on assembly times of hoses and the costs connected with this when a large number of hoses or hose end pieces have to be assembled on respective hose connectors, such as for example in the case of cooling liquid systems, wherein a larger quantity of cooling circuits has to be connected to the hose or a plurality of hose end pieces via separate hose connectors.
- Exemplary applications can be found in the region of fluid-cooled battery arrangements for electric or hybrid vehicles, in the field of air-conditioning technology, in cooling systems for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles or in washing machines.
- the thickened portion according to the invention can be molded highly differently in many configurations. It is significant that the thickened portion results in a shaping of the hose end piece such that the hose clip cannot by its own action easily leave a desired position.
- the thickened portion can for example be formed as one or a plurality of nubs or ring-shaped elevations with regular or irregular shaping.
- the surface of the thickened portion facing outward can be smooth or provided with a structure which can be nubbed or grained.
- One or a plurality of thickened portions can be provided.
- the thickened portion can be formed from the hose material or another suitable material.
- the thickened portion need not of necessity be produced in one piece with the hose.
- the thickened portion can also be inserted as an insert piece in a receiving location of the hose end piece.
- the thickened portion can be produced by adding additional materials to the hose end piece or by locally expanding the existing hose material. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion runs completely about the outer circumference of the hose, for example in the form of a ring.
- the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose, about the outer circumference of the hose remains the same.
- the thickened portion is arranged in the assembly region of the hose clip.
- the thickened portion is formed running completely about the outer circumference of the hose, for example in ring form. It is likewise advantageous to configure the thickened portion in ring form, but with interruptions.
- Advantageous, in particular, is the configuration of the thickened portion in the form of a plurality of individual fins arranged about the outer circumference along a ring form, which protrude from the outside of the hose.
- At least two thickened portions are provided, which each run about the outer circumference of the hose sector-by-sector and each have the same spacing from the face end of the hose end piece.
- the thickened portions are evenly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction of the hose.
- more than two thickened portions can also be provided, for example three to eight.
- the thickened portion viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged in front of the assembly region for the hose clip.
- This has the advantage that the hose clip can be initially pushed over the thickened portion and then, without there being the risk of the hose clip falling off the hose end piece, the hose end piece can be pushed over the hose connector.
- the hose clip is quasi automatically located also in the correct location of the hose end piece, namely in the assembly region. A further manual adjustment can thus be omitted. Because of this, a hose assembly with the face end of the hose end piece facing downward is particularly facilitated.
- the thickened portion viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged behind the assembly region for the hose clip.
- This has the advantage that through the thickened portion slipping away of the hose clip into a hose section located further away from the face end of the hose end piece is prevented.
- the advantage arises that the hose clip is held in its assembly position in the assembly region of the hose end piece.
- At least one first thickened portion viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged in front of the assembly region for the hose clip.
- At least one second thickened portion viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged behind the assembly region for the hose clip.
- the spacing between the first and the second thickened portion is equal in size or slightly larger than the width of the hose clip. Because of this, the hose clip is fixed in a certain position and has only little or no play in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece.
- the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose decreases in the direction of the face end of the hose end piece.
- the decrease can run for example linearly or in the shape of an arc. Because of this, a certain slope of the thickened portion in the direction of the face end is provided, which facilitates the placing and guiding of the hose clip over the thickened portion as far as into the assembly region.
- the sum of the outer diameter of the hose end piece and the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose is greater than the inner diameter of the hose clip in the loose state.
- Loose state is understood to mean the state of the hose clip as delivered. This has the advantage that a secure hold of the hose clip on the hose end piece is made possible.
- the thickened portion completely runs about the outer circumference of the hose, has a circular outer contour viewing the face end of the hose end piece from the top and has a diameter which is larger than the inner diameter of the hose clip in the loose state. This allows a simple production of the thickened portion.
- the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose is in the range from 1 to 4 mm.
- This has the advantage that the use of hose clips with standard diameters is favored. For each usual hose diameter, a suitable hose clip with a standard diameter can be selected. Said hose clip can then be pushed over the thickened portion comfortably and without damage and is additionally held by the thickened portion once pushed over.
- the hose comprises at least two branch-off points.
- a hose section having in each case a hose end piece is arranged.
- Such a hose can advantageously be used as a distribution hose (manifold), for example for passing on and distributing cooling fluid.
- the hose in particular, can be provided with a larger number of branch-off points, for example 6 or 10.
- the invention additionally relates to a hose made from an elastic material, wherein the hose comprises at least two branch-off points, on each of which a hose section having in each case a hose end piece is arranged, which is formed for assembly on a hose connector by pushing the hose end piece over the hose connector and for fastening on the hose connector by a hose clip to be arranged in the region of the hose end piece.
- a hose is advantageously suitable as a distribution hose for coolant, e.g. a cooling fluid, for example for cooling batteries for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- the invention therefore also relates to a use of a hose of the type mentioned before for transporting a coolant for cooling batteries, in particular for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- the invention furthermore relates to a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles with a plurality of individual battery elements, each of which comprises a coolant supply connection and a coolant discharge connection, wherein the coolant supply connections are interconnected and to a coolant source via a hose of the type described before and/or the coolant discharge connections are interconnected and connected to a coolant sink via a hose of the type described above.
- Each battery element can for example comprise a plurality of cylindrical round cells or prismatic cells.
- FIG. 1 shows a hose and a hose clip
- FIG. 2 shows the hose according to FIG. 1 with fitted hose clip
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a hose and a hose clip
- FIG. 4 shows the hose according to FIG. 3 with fitted hose clip
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a hose and a hose clip
- FIG. 6 shows a hose segment in cross section
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a hose
- FIG. 8 shows the hose according to FIG. 7 with fitted hose clip
- FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a hose
- FIG. 10 shows the hose according to FIG. 9 with fitted hose clip
- FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment of a hose with fitted hose clips
- FIG. 12 shows a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- FIG. 1 shows a hose 1 and a hose clip 4 .
- the hose 1 comprises a hose end piece 3 , in which the hose 1 ends on an end face 14 .
- the hose 1 In the direction facing away from the end face 14 , the hose 1 , on the other side of the hose end piece 3 , extends over a hose section 24 , which depending on the application can have a different length and in the Figures is only shown as a short hose piece for the sake of clarity.
- the hose end piece comprises an assembly region 13 for a hose clip 4 .
- the hose clip 4 is pushed over the hose end piece 3 as far as into the assembly region 13 and can then be fixed.
- the hose 1 comprises a hose section 25 protruding over the assembly region 13 toward the end face 14 , since as a rule it is desirable that the hose clip is not assembled on the outermost end of the hose end piece 3 .
- the hose 1 according to FIG. 1 comprises a thickened portion 5 formed from the hose material protruding on the outside of the hose 1 in the hose section 25 , which seen from the end face 14 is located in front of the assembly section 13 .
- the thickened portion 5 is formed radially circumferentially about the outer circumference of the hose end piece 3 .
- the thickened portion 5 is formed with a taper in the direction of the end face 14 , e.g. in the shape of a truncated cone.
- the hose clip 4 likewise shown in FIG. 1 is of the crimping type.
- the hose clip 4 comprises a crimping region 25 , which for fastening the hose clip 4 on the hose 1 is pressed together with a suitable tool. This reduces the diameter of the hose clip, which results in the hose being fixed on a hose connector.
- FIG. 2 shows the hose 1 and the hose clip 4 according to FIG. 1 with the hose clip 4 already pushed onto the hose 1 .
- a hose connector 2 is shown, onto which the hose 1 with the hose clip 4 is to be pushed.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a hose 1 , which additionally to the thickened portion 5 in the hose section 25 , a further additional thickened portion 6 is arranged in a region of the hose end piece 3 located further away from the face end 14 .
- the further thickened portion 6 in this case is arranged seen from the face end 14 behind the assembly region 13 for the hose clip 4 .
- the spacing 15 between the thickened portions 5 , 6 is selected so that it is equal in size or slightly larger than the width 16 of the hose clip 4 .
- the hose clip 4 can be easily positioned in the assembly region 13 between the two thickened portions 5 , 6 and is prevented by the two thickened portions 5 , 6 from being undesirably displaced in both directions in the longitudinal direction of the hose 1 .
- FIG. 4 shows the hose 1 and the hose clip 4 according to FIG. 3 with the hose clip 4 pushed over the hose 1 .
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a hose 1 , in which a thickened portion 7 of ring-like shape is formed on the hose end piece 3 , namely in the assembly region 13 for the hose clip 4 .
- the hose clip 4 in this case can be pushed over the thickened portion 7 with a slight exertion of force and because of the elasticity of the material of the thickened portion 7 and of the hose 1 is held in the respective position through pressure.
- the thickened portion 7 can be formed as a circumferential ring without interruptions.
- FIG. 6 shows an alternative configuration of the thickened portion 7 , in which a multiplicity of small fins 8 , which are arranged closely together, protrude from the outside of the hose 1 .
- the hose 1 is shown in a view of the end face 14 from the top, wherein FIG. 6 only shows a sector-like detail.
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a hose 1 , in which the hose end piece 3 branches off the hose 1 at an angle. Furthermore, a further embodiment of the mentioned thickened portions is shown by means of FIG. 7 , namely two thickened portions 9 , 10 radially located opposite each other, which starting out from the end face 14 are arranged in front of the assembly region 13 .
- the thickened portions 9 , 10 are formed approximately in the manner of a circular segment and have a profile extending tapered in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece 3 in such a manner that starting out from the end face 14 , an approximately ramp-like rise of the height of the thickened portions 9 , 10 is obtained.
- FIG. 8 shows the hose 1 according to FIG. 7 with the hose clip 4 pushed over the hose end piece 3 .
- FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a hose.
- further thickened portions 11 , 12 are provided apart from the thickened portions 9 , 10 in the hose section 25 of the hose end piece 3 , which, starting out from the end face 14 , are arranged behind the assembly region 13 .
- the thickened portions 11 , 12 are substantially formed with the same shaping as the thickened portions 9 , 10 , but with their sloping contour in the opposite direction to that of the thickened portions 9 , 10 .
- FIG. 10 shows the hose 1 according to FIG. 9 with the hose clip 4 pushed over the hose end piece 3 .
- FIG. 11 shows a hose 1 with a plurality of branch-off points 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , wherein in FIG. 11 , four branch-off points are shown, however more or fewer branch-off points can also be advantageously realized.
- the branch-off points 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 each have a hose end piece 3 , 21 , 22 , 23 .
- the hose end pieces 3 , 21 , 22 , 23 are formed with thickened portions of the type described before, wherein in FIG. 11 , the embodiment according to FIG. 8 is exemplarily shown. However, the other described embodiments can also be provided. Hose clips are pushed over the hose end pieces 3 , 21 , 22 , 23 in each case.
- FIG. 12 shows a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- the battery arrangement comprises a plurality of battery elements 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , wherein in FIG. 12 four battery elements are exemplarily shown, but more or fewer battery elements are also advantageously possible.
- the battery elements 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 contain a plurality of individual battery cells, which require cooling in operation. For this reason, each battery element 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 has an internal coolant distribution. For supplying the coolant, each battery element 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 has its own coolant supply connection 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 .
- each battery element For discharging the coolant which has flowed through the respective battery element 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , each battery element comprises a coolant discharge connection 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 .
- the coolant supply connections and the coolant discharge connections are each formed with a hose connector, which serves for assembling a hose for the supply and discharge of the coolant.
- the coolant supply connections 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 are connected to a coolant source 44 , 47 via a hose 42 of the type described before, in particular a hose according to FIG. 11 .
- the coolant source 44 , 47 comprises for example a cooling fluid pump 44 and cooling fluid reservoirs 47 .
- the hose 42 is connected to the cooling fluid pump 44 .
- the cooling fluid pump 44 on the inlet side is in turn connected to a cooling fluid reservoir 47 via a further hose 46 .
- the coolant discharge connections 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 are connected to a coolant sink 47 , 49 via a hose 43 of the type described before, in particular a hose according to FIG. 11 .
- the coolant sink 47 , 49 comprises for example a heat exchanger 49 and the cooling fluid reservoir 47 .
- the hose 43 in this case is connected to an inlet connection of the heat exchanger 49 .
- the heat exchanger 49 can for example be formed as a cooler.
- the heat exchanger 49 is connected to the cooling fluid reservoir 47 via a further hose 48 .
- the battery arrangement according to FIG. 12 additionally comprises an electronic control unit 51 , which monitors the temperature of the battery elements 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 and dependent on this, controls the cooling fluid pump 44 .
- each of the battery elements 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 is provided with a temperature sensor 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 .
- the temperature sensors 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 are connected to the electronic control unit 51 via respective electric lines 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 .
- the electronic control unit 51 is connected to an electric motor 45 via an electric line 50 .
- the electric motor 45 is connected to the cooling fluid pump 44 via a shaft.
- the electric motor 45 serves for driving the cooling fluid pump 44 .
- the electronic control device controls the electric motor 55 , e.g. via rotational speed control in such a manner that the battery elements 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 are adequately supplied with the cooling fluid and the developing heat is discharged so that none of the battery elements 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 is impermissibly heated up.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a hose made from an elastic material according to the preamble of
claim 1. The invention furthermore relates to a hose made from an elastic material, which comprises at least two branch-off points, according toclaim 13. The invention furthermore relates to a use of such a hose for transporting a coolant for cooling batteries and to a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles. - When assembling a hose on a hose connector, a hose clip is frequently used in order to fix the hose on the hose connector and guarantee a secure and lasting seal. The work procedure usually consists in that the hose clip is firstly loosely pushed over the hose, a hose end piece then being pushed over the hose connector, then the hose clip being positioned and held in an assembly region in the region of the hose end piece and finally fastened. When fastening the hose clip, the latter is contracted so that through the hose clip the hose is pressed against the hose connector.
- Such a hose clip fastening is known for example from DE 88 08 680 U1.
- The invention is based on the object of stating a hose with which the assembly by means of a hose clip described before is simplified. Furthermore, advantageous usage possibilities for such a hose are to be stated.
- This object is solved through the invention stated in the
claims - The invention facilitates the assembly of hoses with hose clips. It is advantageous that the hose end piece is molded through at least one thickened portion protruding from the outside of the hose in such a manner that the hose clip prior to the final fixing, can be captively put on. Because of this, the hose clip is held in the position that is correct for the assembly and merely has to still be finally fixed, for example by tightening a clamping screw or crimping. Here, the thickened portion is formed in such a manner that a hose clip that is suitable for fastening the hose on the hose connector is held on the hose end piece by the thickened portion at least against the influence of gravity, when the latter is effective in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece. The thickened portion in this case allows the hose clip to be pushed over because of the elasticity of the material of the hose or of the thickened portion used. In this way, the hose clip is securely held on the hose end at least with respect to the influence of gravity and cannot fall down.
- The invention has a particularly positive effect on assembly times of hoses and the costs connected with this when a large number of hoses or hose end pieces have to be assembled on respective hose connectors, such as for example in the case of cooling liquid systems, wherein a larger quantity of cooling circuits has to be connected to the hose or a plurality of hose end pieces via separate hose connectors.
- Exemplary applications can be found in the region of fluid-cooled battery arrangements for electric or hybrid vehicles, in the field of air-conditioning technology, in cooling systems for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles or in washing machines.
- The thickened portion according to the invention can be molded highly differently in many configurations. It is significant that the thickened portion results in a shaping of the hose end piece such that the hose clip cannot by its own action easily leave a desired position. The thickened portion can for example be formed as one or a plurality of nubs or ring-shaped elevations with regular or irregular shaping. The surface of the thickened portion facing outward can be smooth or provided with a structure which can be nubbed or grained. One or a plurality of thickened portions can be provided.
- Basically all elastic materials are possible as elastic material for the hose, in particular rubber-elastic materials and elastomers such as for example rubber or silicone. The thickened portion can be formed from the hose material or another suitable material. The thickened portion need not of necessity be produced in one piece with the hose. The thickened portion can also be inserted as an insert piece in a receiving location of the hose end piece. Advantageous, however, is a one-piece formation of the thickened portion with the hose in a uniform production process.
- The thickened portion can be produced by adding additional materials to the hose end piece or by locally expanding the existing hose material. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion runs completely about the outer circumference of the hose, for example in the form of a ring.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose, about the outer circumference of the hose, remains the same.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion is arranged in the assembly region of the hose clip. This has the advantage that even with a single thickened portion the hose clip can be held in its final assembly position. Advantageously, the thickened portion is formed running completely about the outer circumference of the hose, for example in ring form. It is likewise advantageous to configure the thickened portion in ring form, but with interruptions. Advantageous, in particular, is the configuration of the thickened portion in the form of a plurality of individual fins arranged about the outer circumference along a ring form, which protrude from the outside of the hose.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, at least two thickened portions are provided, which each run about the outer circumference of the hose sector-by-sector and each have the same spacing from the face end of the hose end piece. In a further advantageous development, the thickened portions are evenly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction of the hose. Advantageously, more than two thickened portions can also be provided, for example three to eight.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged in front of the assembly region for the hose clip. This has the advantage that the hose clip can be initially pushed over the thickened portion and then, without there being the risk of the hose clip falling off the hose end piece, the hose end piece can be pushed over the hose connector. Insofar as the hose end piece is effected with a spatial orientation in which the face end points in the direction of gravity, the hose clip is quasi automatically located also in the correct location of the hose end piece, namely in the assembly region. A further manual adjustment can thus be omitted. Because of this, a hose assembly with the face end of the hose end piece facing downward is particularly facilitated.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged behind the assembly region for the hose clip. This has the advantage that through the thickened portion slipping away of the hose clip into a hose section located further away from the face end of the hose end piece is prevented. In particular in the presence of a gravity component during the assembly of the hose clip away from the face end the advantage arises that the hose clip is held in its assembly position in the assembly region of the hose end piece.
- It is likewise advantageous to provide both a thickened portion in front of the assembly region as well as a further thickened portion behind the assembly region. Because of this, the hose clip can be fixed in both directions.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, at least one first thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged in front of the assembly region for the hose clip. At least one second thickened portion, viewed from the face end of the hose end piece, is arranged behind the assembly region for the hose clip. The spacing between the first and the second thickened portion is equal in size or slightly larger than the width of the hose clip. Because of this, the hose clip is fixed in a certain position and has only little or no play in the longitudinal direction of the hose end piece.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose decreases in the direction of the face end of the hose end piece. The decrease can run for example linearly or in the shape of an arc. Because of this, a certain slope of the thickened portion in the direction of the face end is provided, which facilitates the placing and guiding of the hose clip over the thickened portion as far as into the assembly region.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the sum of the outer diameter of the hose end piece and the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose is greater than the inner diameter of the hose clip in the loose state. Loose state is understood to mean the state of the hose clip as delivered. This has the advantage that a secure hold of the hose clip on the hose end piece is made possible.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the thickened portion completely runs about the outer circumference of the hose, has a circular outer contour viewing the face end of the hose end piece from the top and has a diameter which is larger than the inner diameter of the hose clip in the loose state. This allows a simple production of the thickened portion.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the dimension by which the thickened portion protrudes from the outside of the hose is in the range from 1 to 4 mm. This has the advantage that the use of hose clips with standard diameters is favored. For each usual hose diameter, a suitable hose clip with a standard diameter can be selected. Said hose clip can then be pushed over the thickened portion comfortably and without damage and is additionally held by the thickened portion once pushed over.
- According to an advantageous development of the invention, the hose comprises at least two branch-off points. On each of the branch-off points, a hose section having in each case a hose end piece is arranged. Such a hose can advantageously be used as a distribution hose (manifold), for example for passing on and distributing cooling fluid. The hose, in particular, can be provided with a larger number of branch-off points, for example 6 or 10. Through the respective thickened portions provided on the hose end pieces, the assembly of such a hose by means of hose clips is facilitated and accelerated.
- In addition, all previously described embodiments of the hose or of the thickened portions can be advantageously inter-combined.
- The invention additionally relates to a hose made from an elastic material, wherein the hose comprises at least two branch-off points, on each of which a hose section having in each case a hose end piece is arranged, which is formed for assembly on a hose connector by pushing the hose end piece over the hose connector and for fastening on the hose connector by a hose clip to be arranged in the region of the hose end piece. Such a hose is advantageously suitable as a distribution hose for coolant, e.g. a cooling fluid, for example for cooling batteries for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- The invention therefore also relates to a use of a hose of the type mentioned before for transporting a coolant for cooling batteries, in particular for electric or hybrid vehicles.
- The invention furthermore relates to a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles with a plurality of individual battery elements, each of which comprises a coolant supply connection and a coolant discharge connection, wherein the coolant supply connections are interconnected and to a coolant source via a hose of the type described before and/or the coolant discharge connections are interconnected and connected to a coolant sink via a hose of the type described above. Each battery element can for example comprise a plurality of cylindrical round cells or prismatic cells.
- In the following, the invention is explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments making use of drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows a hose and a hose clip and -
FIG. 2 shows the hose according toFIG. 1 with fitted hose clip and -
FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a hose and a hose clip and -
FIG. 4 shows the hose according toFIG. 3 with fitted hose clip and -
FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a hose and a hose clip and -
FIG. 6 shows a hose segment in cross section and -
FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of a hose and -
FIG. 8 shows the hose according toFIG. 7 with fitted hose clip and -
FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a hose and -
FIG. 10 shows the hose according toFIG. 9 with fitted hose clip and -
FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment of a hose with fitted hose clips and -
FIG. 12 shows a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles. - In the Figures, the same reference characters are used for corresponding elements.
-
FIG. 1 shows ahose 1 and ahose clip 4. Thehose 1 comprises ahose end piece 3, in which thehose 1 ends on anend face 14. In the direction facing away from theend face 14, thehose 1, on the other side of thehose end piece 3, extends over ahose section 24, which depending on the application can have a different length and in the Figures is only shown as a short hose piece for the sake of clarity. The hose end piece comprises anassembly region 13 for ahose clip 4. Thehose clip 4 is pushed over thehose end piece 3 as far as into theassembly region 13 and can then be fixed. In general, thehose 1 comprises ahose section 25 protruding over theassembly region 13 toward theend face 14, since as a rule it is desirable that the hose clip is not assembled on the outermost end of thehose end piece 3. - The
hose 1 according toFIG. 1 comprises a thickenedportion 5 formed from the hose material protruding on the outside of thehose 1 in thehose section 25, which seen from theend face 14 is located in front of theassembly section 13. The thickenedportion 5 is formed radially circumferentially about the outer circumference of thehose end piece 3. In the shown embodiment, the thickenedportion 5 is formed with a taper in the direction of theend face 14, e.g. in the shape of a truncated cone. - The
hose clip 4 likewise shown inFIG. 1 is of the crimping type. To this end, thehose clip 4 comprises a crimpingregion 25, which for fastening thehose clip 4 on thehose 1 is pressed together with a suitable tool. This reduces the diameter of the hose clip, which results in the hose being fixed on a hose connector. -
FIG. 2 shows thehose 1 and thehose clip 4 according toFIG. 1 with thehose clip 4 already pushed onto thehose 1. In addition, ahose connector 2 is shown, onto which thehose 1 with thehose clip 4 is to be pushed. -
FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of ahose 1, which additionally to the thickenedportion 5 in thehose section 25, a further additional thickened portion 6 is arranged in a region of thehose end piece 3 located further away from theface end 14. The further thickened portion 6 in this case is arranged seen from theface end 14 behind theassembly region 13 for thehose clip 4. Here, the spacing 15 between the thickenedportions 5, 6 is selected so that it is equal in size or slightly larger than the width 16 of thehose clip 4. Because of this, thehose clip 4 can be easily positioned in theassembly region 13 between the two thickenedportions 5,6 and is prevented by the two thickenedportions 5, 6 from being undesirably displaced in both directions in the longitudinal direction of thehose 1. -
FIG. 4 shows thehose 1 and thehose clip 4 according toFIG. 3 with thehose clip 4 pushed over thehose 1. -
FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of ahose 1, in which a thickened portion 7 of ring-like shape is formed on thehose end piece 3, namely in theassembly region 13 for thehose clip 4. - The
hose clip 4 in this case can be pushed over the thickened portion 7 with a slight exertion of force and because of the elasticity of the material of the thickened portion 7 and of thehose 1 is held in the respective position through pressure. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , the thickened portion 7 can be formed as a circumferential ring without interruptions.FIG. 6 shows an alternative configuration of the thickened portion 7, in which a multiplicity ofsmall fins 8, which are arranged closely together, protrude from the outside of thehose 1. Here, thehose 1 is shown in a view of the end face 14 from the top, whereinFIG. 6 only shows a sector-like detail. -
FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of ahose 1, in which thehose end piece 3 branches off thehose 1 at an angle. Furthermore, a further embodiment of the mentioned thickened portions is shown by means ofFIG. 7 , namely two thickenedportions 9, 10 radially located opposite each other, which starting out from theend face 14 are arranged in front of theassembly region 13. The thickenedportions 9, 10 are formed approximately in the manner of a circular segment and have a profile extending tapered in the longitudinal direction of thehose end piece 3 in such a manner that starting out from theend face 14, an approximately ramp-like rise of the height of the thickenedportions 9, 10 is obtained. -
FIG. 8 shows thehose 1 according toFIG. 7 with thehose clip 4 pushed over thehose end piece 3. -
FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a hose. In contrast withFIG. 7 , further thickenedportions portions 9, 10 in thehose section 25 of thehose end piece 3, which, starting out from theend face 14, are arranged behind theassembly region 13. The thickenedportions portions 9, 10, but with their sloping contour in the opposite direction to that of the thickenedportions 9, 10. -
FIG. 10 shows thehose 1 according toFIG. 9 with thehose clip 4 pushed over thehose end piece 3. -
FIG. 11 shows ahose 1 with a plurality of branch-offpoints FIG. 11 , four branch-off points are shown, however more or fewer branch-off points can also be advantageously realized. The branch-offpoints hose end piece hose end pieces FIG. 11 , the embodiment according toFIG. 8 is exemplarily shown. However, the other described embodiments can also be provided. Hose clips are pushed over thehose end pieces -
FIG. 12 shows a battery arrangement for electric or hybrid vehicles. The battery arrangement comprises a plurality ofbattery elements FIG. 12 four battery elements are exemplarily shown, but more or fewer battery elements are also advantageously possible. Thebattery elements battery element battery element coolant supply connection respective battery element coolant supply connections coolant source hose 42 of the type described before, in particular a hose according toFIG. 11 . Thecoolant source fluid pump 44 and coolingfluid reservoirs 47. Here, thehose 42 is connected to the coolingfluid pump 44. The coolingfluid pump 44 on the inlet side is in turn connected to a coolingfluid reservoir 47 via afurther hose 46. The coolant discharge connections 38, 39, 40, 41 are connected to acoolant sink hose 43 of the type described before, in particular a hose according toFIG. 11 . Thecoolant sink heat exchanger 49 and the coolingfluid reservoir 47. Thehose 43 in this case is connected to an inlet connection of theheat exchanger 49. Theheat exchanger 49 can for example be formed as a cooler. On the outlet side, theheat exchanger 49 is connected to the coolingfluid reservoir 47 via a further hose 48. - The battery arrangement according to
FIG. 12 additionally comprises an electronic control unit 51, which monitors the temperature of thebattery elements fluid pump 44. To this end, each of thebattery elements temperature sensor - The
temperature sensors electric lines electric motor 45 via anelectric line 50. Theelectric motor 45 is connected to the coolingfluid pump 44 via a shaft. Theelectric motor 45 serves for driving the coolingfluid pump 44. The electronic control device controls theelectric motor 55, e.g. via rotational speed control in such a manner that thebattery elements battery elements
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201010049015 DE102010049015B4 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2010-10-21 | Coolant manifold hose and battery assembly |
DE102010049015.6 | 2010-10-21 | ||
PCT/EP2011/005113 WO2012052129A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-12 | Hose made from an elastic material |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/005113 A-371-Of-International WO2012052129A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-12 | Hose made from an elastic material |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/474,962 Continuation US10804579B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2017-03-30 | Battery system with elastic hose |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130216889A1 true US20130216889A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
Family
ID=45531350
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/880,685 Abandoned US20130216889A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-12 | Hose made from an elastic material |
US15/474,962 Active 2033-08-14 US10804579B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2017-03-30 | Battery system with elastic hose |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/474,962 Active 2033-08-14 US10804579B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2017-03-30 | Battery system with elastic hose |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20130216889A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2630397B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103270356B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010049015B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012052129A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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USD739506S1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-09-22 | Eaton Corporation | Sensor enclosure assembly for a hose |
USD755938S1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-05-10 | Eaton Corporation | Sensor enclosure assembly for a hose |
US11721856B2 (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2023-08-08 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack for a vehicle |
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US8974934B2 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2015-03-10 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Battery module |
ES2704428T3 (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2019-03-18 | Oetiker Schweiz Ag | Ear clamp |
DE102017203206B4 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2023-02-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Battery for an automobile and automobile |
DE102017208617A1 (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-11-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Energy storage housing with a cooling connection, energy storage and motor vehicle with such |
FR3080166B1 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-01-15 | Coutier Moulage Gen Ind | FLUID DISPENSER-COLLECTOR RAMP |
DE202020100325U1 (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2020-02-04 | TI Automotive (Fuldabrück) GmbH | Heat-resistant, multi-layer fluid line |
EP4170777A1 (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-26 | Rimac Automobiles Ltd. | Flow restrictor |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170207505A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
WO2012052129A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
US10804579B2 (en) | 2020-10-13 |
EP2630397B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
CN103270356A (en) | 2013-08-28 |
DE102010049015A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
EP2630397A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
DE102010049015B4 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
CN103270356B (en) | 2018-10-02 |
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Legal Events
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: JOHNSON CONTROLS HYBRID AND RECYCLING GMBH, GERMAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JOSWIG, RALF;WIEGMANN, MARTIN;BRENNER, HELGE;REEL/FRAME:049044/0045 Effective date: 20190426 Owner name: JOHNSON CONTROLS HYBRID AND RECYCLING GMBH, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JOSWIG, RALF;WIEGMANN, MARTIN;BRENNER, HELGE;REEL/FRAME:049044/0045 Effective date: 20190426 |