US20150132863A1 - Plasma processing apparatus and heater temperature control method - Google Patents

Plasma processing apparatus and heater temperature control method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150132863A1
US20150132863A1 US14/368,548 US201314368548A US2015132863A1 US 20150132863 A1 US20150132863 A1 US 20150132863A1 US 201314368548 A US201314368548 A US 201314368548A US 2015132863 A1 US2015132863 A1 US 2015132863A1
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temperature
heater
zones
zone
processing apparatus
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US14/368,548
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Kaoru Oohashi
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Tokyo Electron Ltd
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Tokyo Electron Ltd
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    • H01L21/67248—Temperature monitoring
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plasma processing apparatus and a heater temperature control method.
  • Temperature control of a workpiece placed on a mounting table is indispensable for controlling an etching rate, for example. Temperature control affects the uniformity of a plasma process performed on the workpiece and is therefore an important aspect of the plasma process.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a temperature control technique implemented by a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism. According to Patent Document 1, heaters arranged in the heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism are divided into two zones including a circular center zone and an edge zone that is concentrically arranged around the outer periphery of the center zone, and temperature control is implemented with respect to each of these zones.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2008-85329
  • the heater area of one zone is still relatively large such that unevenness may be created in the temperature distribution within the same zone even when temperature control is implemented with respect to each zone.
  • uniformity in the etching rate and the etching shape may not be achieved.
  • Etching characteristics are particularly degraded at a boundary portion between the center zone and the edge zone.
  • one aspect of the present invention relates to providing a plasma processing apparatus and a heater temperature control method that are capable of dividing a heater arranged within or near an electrostatic chuck into at least four zones and implementing temperature control with respect to each of these zones.
  • a plasma processing apparatus configured to convert a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and perform a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma.
  • the plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber that can be depressurized, a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and is configured to hold the workpiece, an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and is configured to electrostatically attract the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode, a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, and a temperature control unit.
  • the heater is divided into a plurality of zones including a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery.
  • the temperature control unit is configured to adjust a control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the plurality of zones.
  • a heater temperature control method for controlling a temperature of a heater arranged in a plasma processing apparatus, which is configured to convert a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and perform a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma.
  • the plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber that can be depressurized, a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and is configured to hold the workpiece, an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and is configured to electrostatically attract the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode, a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, and a storage unit.
  • the heater is divided into a plurality of zones including a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery.
  • the storage unit stores in advance a correlation between a setting temperature of each of the zones and a current value to be applied to the heater to control the heater to a control temperature of each of the zones, the control temperature being obtained by correcting a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones and correcting a temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones.
  • the heater temperature control method includes the steps of acquiring a temperature detected by a temperature sensor arranged in at least one zone of the plurality of zones and setting up the acquired temperature as a setting temperature of the at least one zone, calculating a current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones based on the acquired setting temperature of the at least one zone and the correlation stored in the storage unit, and controlling the temperature of the heater of each of the zones by applying the calculated current value to the heater of each of the zones.
  • a heater arranged within or near an electrostatic chuck may be divided into at least four zones and temperature control may be implemented with respect to each of these zones.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an overall configuration of a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism of FIG. 1 including a heater arranged near an electrostatic chuck;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism including a heater arranged within an electrostatic chuck according to a first modified embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism including a heater arranged near an electrostatic chuck according to a second modified embodiment
  • FIG. 5 illustrates exemplary process steps that may be performed by the plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 illustrates process results of implementing temperature control when a heater is divided into two zones
  • FIG. 7 illustrates process results of implementing temperature control when the heater is divided into two zones and when the heater is divided into four zones
  • FIG. 8 illustrates process results of implementing temperature control when the heater is divided into two zones and when the heater is divided into four zones
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary arrangement of the areas of the zones and power switching at the zones of the heater according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 illustrates another exemplary arrangement of the areas of the zones and power switching at the zones of the heater according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an arrangement of the zones of the heater and a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 illustrates another arrangement of the zones of the heater and temperature sensors according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a functional configuration of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a method of calculating correction values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a method of calculating correction values ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a method of calculating correction values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 3 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a method of calculating correction values ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 4 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 18 illustrates corrections implemented with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones and corresponding input current values to be applied to the zones
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating process steps of a temperature control process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the plasma processing apparatus 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is configured as a dual frequency capacitively coupled plasma etching apparatus.
  • the plasma processing apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical vacuum chamber (processing chamber) 10 (simply referred to as “chamber” hereinafter) made of aluminum having an alumite-treated (anodized) surface, for example.
  • the chamber 10 may be grounded, for example.
  • a mounting table 12 configured to hold a semiconductor wafer W (hereinafter, simply referred to as a “wafer W”) thereon as a workpiece is arranged within the chamber 10 .
  • the mounting table 12 may be made of aluminum, for example, and is supported on a cylindrical support 16 via an insulating cylindrical holder 14 .
  • the cylindrical support 16 extends vertically upward from a bottom of the chamber 10 .
  • a focus ring 18 that may be made of silicon, for example, is arranged on a top surface of the mounting table 12 to surround the outer edge of an electrostatic chuck 40 .
  • An exhaust path 20 is formed between a sidewall of the chamber 10 and the cylindrical support 16 .
  • a ring-shaped baffle plate 22 is arranged in the exhaust path 20 .
  • An exhaust port 24 is formed at a bottom portion of the exhaust path 20 and is connected to an exhaust device 28 via an exhaust pipe 26 .
  • the exhaust device 28 includes a vacuum pump (not shown) and is configured to depressurize a processing space within the chamber 10 to a predetermined vacuum level.
  • a gate valve 30 configured to open/close an entry/exit port for the wafer W is provided at the sidewall of the chamber 10 .
  • a first high frequency power supply 31 for drawing ions and a second high frequency power supply 32 for plasma generation are electrically connected to the mounting table 12 via a matching unit 33 and a matching unit 34 , respectively.
  • the first high frequency power supply 31 may be configured to apply to the mounting table 12 a first high frequency power of a relatively low frequency (e.g. 0.8 MHz) that is suitable for drawing ions from within the plasma onto the wafer W placed on the mounting table 12 .
  • the second high frequency power supply 32 may be configured to apply to the mounting table 12 a second high frequency power of a higher frequency (e.g. 60 MHz) that is suitable for generating a plasma within the chamber 10 .
  • the mounting table 12 also acts as a lower electrode.
  • a shower head 38 which is described below, is provided at a ceiling portion of the chamber 10 .
  • the shower head 38 acts as an upper electrode at a ground potential. In this way, the second high frequency power from the second high frequency power supply 32 is capacitively applied between the mounting table 12 and the shower head 38 .
  • the electrostatic chuck 40 configured to hold the wafer W by an electrostatic attractive force is provided on the top surface of the mounting table 12 .
  • the electrostatic chuck 40 includes an electrode 40 a that is made of a conductive film and is arranged between a pair of insulating layers 40 b (see FIGS. 2-4 ) or insulating sheets.
  • a DC voltage supply 42 is electrically connected to the electrode 40 a via a switch 43 .
  • the electrostatic chuck 40 electrostatically attracts and holds the wafer W by a Coulomb force that is generated when a voltage is applied thereto from the DC voltage supply 42 .
  • a heat transfer gas supply source 52 is configured to supply a heat transfer gas such as He gas between the backside surface of the wafer W and the top surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 through a gas supply line 54 .
  • the shower head 38 disposed at the ceiling portion of the chamber 10 includes an electrode plate 56 having multiple gas holes 56 a and an electrode supporting body 58 configured to detachably hold the electrode plate 56 .
  • a gas supply source 62 supplies gas to the shower head 38 via a gas supply pipe 64 , which is connected to a gas inlet 60 a . In this way, the gas may be introduced into the chamber 10 from the multiple gas holes 56 a.
  • a magnet 66 is arranged to extend annularly or concentrically around the chamber 10 so that the plasma generated within a plasma generation space of the chamber 10 may be controlled by the magnetic force of the magnet 66 .
  • a coolant path 70 is formed within the mounting table 12 .
  • a coolant cooled to a predetermined temperature is supplied to the coolant path 70 from a chiller unit 71 via pipes 72 and 73 .
  • a heater 75 that is divided into four zones is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 . Note that the configuration of the heater 75 is described in detail below.
  • a desired AC voltage is applied to the heater 75 from an AC power supply 44 . In this way, the temperature of the wafer W may be adjusted to a desired temperature through cooling by the chiller unit 71 and heating by the heater 75 . Note that such temperature control may be performed based on a command from a control device 80 .
  • the control device 80 is configured to control the individual components of the plasma processing apparatus 1 such as the exhaust device 28 , the AC power supply 44 , the DC voltage supply 42 , the switch 43 for the electrostatic chuck, the first high frequency power supply 31 , the second high frequency power supply 32 , the matching units 33 and 34 , the heat transfer gas supply source 52 , the gas supply source 62 , and the chiller unit 71 .
  • the control device 80 also acquires a sensor temperature detected by a temperature sensor 77 attached to the backside surface of the heater 75 . Note that the control device 80 may be connected to a host computer (not shown).
  • the control device 80 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory), which are not shown.
  • the CPU executes a plasma process according to various recipes stored in a storage unit 83 illustrated in FIG. 13 , for example.
  • the storage unit 83 storing the recipes may be configured as a RAM or a ROM using a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, for example.
  • the recipes may be stored in a storage medium and loaded in the storage unit 83 via a driver, for example. Alternatively, the recipes may be downloaded from a network (not shown) and stored in the storage unit 83 , for example.
  • a DSP digital signal processor
  • the functions of the control device 80 may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof.
  • the gate valve 30 When performing an etching process using the plasma processing apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, first, the gate valve 30 is opened, and a wafer W that is held by a transfer arm is loaded into the chamber 10 . Then, the wafer W is lifted from the transfer arm by pusher pins (not shown), and the wafer W is placed on the electrostatic chuck 40 when the pusher pins are lowered. After the wafer W is loaded, the gate valve 30 is closed. Then, an etching gas is introduced into the chamber 10 from the gas supply source 62 at a predetermined flow rate and flow rate ratio, and the internal pressure of the chamber 10 is reduced to a predetermined pressure by the exhaust device 28 .
  • high frequency powers at predetermined power levels are supplied to the mounting table 12 from the first high frequency power supply 31 and the second high frequency power supply 32 .
  • a voltage from the DC voltage supply 42 is applied to the electrode 40 a of the electrostatic chuck 40 so that the wafer W may be fixed to the electrostatic chuck 40 .
  • a heat transfer gas from the heat transfer gas supply source 52 is supplied between the top surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 and the backside surface of the wafer W. Etching gas sprayed into the chamber 10 from the shower head 38 is excited into a plasma by the first high frequency power from the first high frequency power supply 32 .
  • the plasma is generated within the plasma generation space between the upper electrode (shower head 38 ) and the lower electrode (mounting table 12 ), and a main surface of the wafer W is etched by ions and radicals included in the generated plasma. Also, the ions in the plasma may be drawn toward the wafer W by the first high frequency power from the first high frequency power supply 31 .
  • the wafer W is lifted and held by the pusher pins, the gate valve 30 is opened, and the transfer arm is introduced into the chamber 10 . Then, the pusher pins are lowered so that the wafer W may be held by the transfer arm. Then, the transfer arm exits the chamber 10 , and a next wafer W is loaded into the chamber 10 by the transfer arm.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the mounting table 12 and the electrostatic chuck 40 illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the heater 75 is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 .
  • the heater 75 may be arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck 40 .
  • the heater 75 is embedded within the insulating layer 40 b of the electrostatic chuck 40 .
  • the heater 75 is divided into a circular center zone A, two middle zones (inner middle zone B and outer middle zone C) arranged concentrically around the outer periphery side of the center zone A, and an edge zone D arranged concentrically around the outermost periphery (see FIGS. 11 and 12 ).
  • the middle zones are divided into two zones in the present embodiment, the middle zones may also be divided into three or more zones, for example.
  • the middle zones of the heater 75 are preferably divided into at least three zones in order to achieve higher temperature controllability at the middle zones.
  • the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 may be attached to one another by an adhesive, for example.
  • the heater 75 attached to the electrostatic chuck 40 may be embedded within an adhesive layer 74 and fixed between the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 .
  • the arrangement of the heater 75 may be freely altered until right before the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 are bound together by the adhesive layer 74 .
  • the heater pattern may still be altered by detaching the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 , altering the heater pattern as desired, reapplying an adhesive on the heater 75 , and reattaching the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 together.
  • the heater 75 is embedded within the electrostatic chuck 40
  • the heater 75 is fixed within the insulating layer 40 b when the insulating layer 40 b is sintered.
  • the heater pattern may not be altered after the heater 75 is embedded within the insulating layer 40 b .
  • a heater configuration enabling easy rearrangement of the heater pattern such as that illustrated in FIG. 2 is preferably used rather than the heater configuration having the heater 75 embedded within the electrostatic chuck 40 as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the heater 75 is embedded in the adhesive layer 74 .
  • the heater 75 may not be arranged near the edge portions of the electrostatic chuck 40 because thin ceramic portions of the insulating layer 40 b may break when the insulating layer 40 b is sintered.
  • the heater 75 may be arranged to extend near the edge portions of the electrostatic chuck 40 in FIG. 2 .
  • the temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 may be uniformly controlled up to its outermost edge portions in the heater configuration of FIG. 2 where the heater 75 is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 .
  • the coolant path 70 arranged opposite the heater 75 may be arranged into a pattern corresponding to the zones of the heater 75 as illustrated in FIG. 4 , for example. In this way, temperature controllability and responsiveness may be improved by the cooling by the coolant flowing in the coolant path 70 arranged according to the zones of the heater 75 and heating by the heater 75 .
  • FIG. 5 illustrates exemplary process steps of the plasma process that may be implemented by the plasma processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment. Note that in the following description of the process steps, setting temperatures of a heater divided into two zones (center/edge) corresponding to a comparison example are indicated as exemplary heater temperature control conditions corresponding to one of the process conditions of the plasma process.
  • a silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) film 108 having a silicon nitride (SiN) film 106 , an amorphous silicon ( ⁇ -Si) film 104 , an anti-reflection (BARC: bottom anti-reflective coating) film 102 , and a photoresist film 100 stacked thereon in this order is illustrated.
  • the silicon oxide film 108 corresponds to an interlayer insulating film formed by CVD (chemical vapor deposition) using TEOS (tetraethoxysilane).
  • the BARC (anti-reflection) film 102 may be formed on the amorphous silicon ( ⁇ -Si) film 104 by a coating process, for example.
  • the BARC film 102 is made of a polymer resin containing a pigment that absorbs light having a specific wavelength such as ArF excimer laser light that is irradiated toward the photoresist film 100 , for example.
  • the BARC film 102 prevents the ArF excimer laser light that has passed through the photoresist film 100 from being reflected back to the photoresist film 100 by the amorphous silicon film 104 .
  • the photoresist film 100 may be formed on the BARC film 102 using a spin coater (not shown), for example.
  • the photoresist film 100 has a pattern (resist pattern) formed thereon including openings arranged at positions where predetermined holes are to be formed.
  • the BARC film 102 is etched using the photoresist film 100 as a mask. In this way, the openings of the resist pattern are transferred to the BARC film 102 .
  • the amorphous silicon film 104 is etched using the photoresist film 100 and the BARC film 102 as masks. In this way, the pattern of the BARC film 102 may be transferred to the amorphous silicon film 104 .
  • O 2 ashing is performed and the photoresist film 100 and the BARC film 102 are removed.
  • the silicon nitride film 106 is etched using the amorphous silicon film 104 as a mask (main etching). In this way, the pattern of the amorphous silicon film 104 may be transferred to the silicon nitride film 106 .
  • the silicon oxide film 108 is etched using the amorphous silicon film 104 and the silicon nitride film 106 as masks (over etching). Note that a portion of the silicon nitride film 106 remains on the silicon oxide film 108 when this process step is performed.
  • the silicon nitride film 106 is completely removed (breakthrough etching).
  • O 2 ashing is performed after the breakthrough etching step. In this way, deposited matter may be removed.
  • the resist pattern may be successively transferred to a lower layer film, and holes having a predetermined opening width may ultimately be formed in the silicon oxide film 108 .
  • FIG. 6 illustrates deviations in the diameters (hereinafter referred to as “CD”, which stands for critical dimension) of holes formed on the wafer W by the above process steps.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the deviations in the CD measurements of the holes in a radial direction from the wafer center side to the wafer periphery side. The CD measurements were made at four different measurement points arranged 90 degrees apart from each other along a circumferential direction, and such CD measurements were made with respect to multiple wafer positions along the radial direction from the wafer center side to the wafer periphery side.
  • FIG. 6 represents the result of superposing the above measurement points along a single axis.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents a radial position of the wafer with respect to the wafer center, and the vertical axis of FIG. 6 represents the CD of the holes formed at various positions.
  • the graph on the left side of FIG. 6 represents CD measurements of the holes formed on the amorphous silicon film 104 after the etching step for etching the amorphous silicon film 104 illustrated by S 3 of FIG. 5 has been performed.
  • the graph on the right side of FIG. 6 represents CD measurements of the holes formed on the silicon oxide film 108 after all the process steps up to S 7 of FIG. 5 have been performed.
  • the heater 75 is divided into a center zone and an edge zone at a position approximately 130 (mm) from the wafer center.
  • the deviations in the CD of the holes become even wider after all the process steps of FIG. 5 are performed.
  • the CD of the holes become larger near the wafer center (widening near wafer center) and the CD of the holes become smaller near the wafer edge (narrowing near wafer edge) owing to an inadequacy in the implementation of temperature control.
  • the anomaly (irregularity) in the CD around the wafer center may be attributed to plasma, particularly radicals, existing at a higher density above the wafer center region.
  • the anomaly (irregularity) in the CD around the wafer edge may be attributed to a tendency for heat to be trapped within the wafer edge region and prevented from escaping outside.
  • the heater 75 is divided into a plurality of zones such that temperature control may be separately implemented on a center zone A and an edge zone D.
  • the CD becomes gradually greater toward the outer periphery side even within a middle region between the center zone A and the edge zone D.
  • the middle region is divided into two middle zones (i.e., inner middle zone B and outer middle zone C).
  • the heater 75 is divided into four zones. Note, however, that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the middle region of the heater 75 may be divided into three or more zones such that the heater 75 may be divided into a total of five or more zones.
  • the top graph of FIG. 7 represents measurement results of the wafer temperature in relation to the heater setting temperature to illustrate in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature in exemplary cases where temperature control is implemented on the heater 75 that is divided into two zones. That is, the top graph of FIG. 7 represents average values of the wafer temperature in cases where the center zone of the two zones is controlled to a setting temperature of 60° C., and the edge zone of the two zones is controlled to a setting temperature of 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., and 70° C. while plasma processes are performed according to the process steps illustrated in FIG. 5 . An increase in the wafer temperature with respect to the setting temperature may be attributed to heat input from plasma.
  • in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature cannot be achieved in any of the above cases.
  • the temperature of the middle zone cannot be controlled in the above cases, substantial deviations occur at the outer periphery side of the center zone and the edge zone.
  • the wafer temperature at the wafer edge side increases as the heater setting temperature increases owing to a tendency for heat to be trapped within the wafer edge region and prevented from escaping outside.
  • the lower graph of FIG. 7 indicates a curved line S1 representing an estimated relationship between the heater setting temperature and the in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature in a case where temperature control is implemented on the heater 75 that is divided into four zones.
  • the diamond-shaped dots plotted in the lower graph of FIG. 7 represent CDs of holes formed in a case where the heater 75 is divided into two zones and the center zone and the edge zone are controlled to setting temperatures of 60° C. and 40° C., respectively.
  • the square-shaped dots plotted in the lower graph of FIG. 7 represent CDs of holes formed in a case where the heater 75 is divided into two zones and the center zone and the edge zone are controlled to setting temperatures of 60° C. and 50° C., respectively.
  • the lower graph of FIG. 7 indicates a curved line S2 representing an estimated relationship between the heater setting temperature and the in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature in a case where the center zone and the edge zone of the heater 75 that is divided into two zones are controlled to setting temperatures of 60° C. and 60° C., respectively.
  • the heater 75 is divided into four zones, and the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D are controlled to setting temperatures of 70° C., 60° C., 70° C., and 50° C., respectively, for example, improved in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be achieved as illustrated by the curved line S1. That is, in the above case, the setting temperatures for the center zone A and the outer middle zone C are set at a higher temperature of 70° C. compared to the setting temperature 60° C. for the inner middle zone B. In this way, a decrease in CD deviations and improved in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be expected.
  • the right side graph of FIG. 8 represents process results obtained from performing the process steps according to the recipe.
  • the left side graph of FIG. 8 illustrates the process results in the case where the heater 75 is divided into two zones as a comparison example. As can be appreciated by comparing the left side and right side graphs of FIG.
  • the “widening near wafer center” and the “narrowing near wafer edge” of the CD that occur when the heater 75 is divided into two zones cannot be observed thereby indicating that in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature can be achieved.
  • the setting temperatures of the center zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the BARC film 102 in the case of implementing the 2-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 60/50° C.
  • the setting temperatures of the center zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the silicon nitride film 106 in the case of implementing the 2-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 35/35° C.
  • the setting temperatures of the center zone/inner middle zone/outer middle zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the BARC film 102 in the case of implementing the 4-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 60/45/45/43° C.
  • the setting temperatures of the center zone/inner middle zone/outer middle zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the silicon nitride film 106 in the case of implementing the 4-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 40/45/50/50° C.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate exemplary embodiments of the heater 75 that is divided into four zones.
  • the center zone A has the largest area, and the four zones have areas that become gradually smaller from the center zone A toward the edge zone D. That is, the area of the heater zone at the outermost edge is the smallest.
  • temperature control may be more intricately performed as the temperature control position comes closer toward the outermost periphery, and in this way, temperature uniformity may be improved.
  • the center zone A has the largest area, and the areas of the zones become smaller from the center zone A toward the outer middle zone C.
  • the area of the outer middle zone C is smaller than the edge zone D. That is, the outer middle zone C, which is second closest to the outermost periphery, has the smallest area.
  • temperature control may be more intricately performed with respect to the outermost middle zone positioned toward the inner side with respect to the outermost edge zone, and in this way, temperature uniformity may be improved.
  • the AC power supply 44 may be switched on/off at the middle zones (inner middle zone B and/or outer middle zone C).
  • middle zones inner middle zone B and/or outer middle zone C
  • FIG. 10 by switching on/off the power of the outer middle zone C having the smallest zone area, temperature interference from the outer middle zone C to its adjacent zones D and B may be prevented.
  • temperature control may be implemented based on the correlation between the temperatures of the adjacent zones D and B, and temperature controllability of the wafer W may be improved in some cases.
  • energy consumption may be reduced.
  • the AC power supply 44 may not be switched on/off at the center zone A and the edge zone D. This is because plasma exists at a high density around the wafer center and heat tends to be trapped within the outermost region of the wafer to be prevented from escaping outside as described above. That is, the center zone A and the edge zone D have anomalies in their temperature distributions such that temperature control at these regions is believed to be indispensable.
  • the heater 75 arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck 40 is divided into at least four zones.
  • temperature control may be separately implemented with respect to the center zone A and the outermost edge zone D in which anomalies occur due to plasma conditions and/or the apparatus configuration, for example.
  • temperature control of the heater may be more intricately conducted.
  • in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be achieved. Note that in the case where the size (diameter) of the wafer is greater than or equal to 450 mm, the area of the middle region becomes relatively large and accurate temperature control of the middle region becomes difficult.
  • the middle region may be subdivided into smaller zones according to the size of the wafer upon implementing temperature control.
  • the heater 75 is divided into four zones.
  • the center zone A and the edge zone D each have one zone arranged adjacent thereto.
  • the middle zones B and C in the middle region each have two zones arranged adjacent thereto.
  • the zones receive temperature interference from their adjacent zones.
  • the middle zones B and C in the middle region receive temperature interference from both sides.
  • more accurate temperature control may be possible by correcting the temperature interference from the adjacent zones with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones.
  • the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 may not always be equal to the setting temperatures of the zones. That is, a deviation may occur between the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 and the temperature of the heater 75 . Thus, more accurate temperature control may be possible by correcting such a deviation.
  • a heater temperature control method that involves correcting the temperature interference from adjacent zones, correcting the deviation between the temperature of the heater 75 and the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 , and using a corrected temperature obtained by performing the above corrections to control the temperature of the heater 75 at each of the zones.
  • first correction values for correcting deviations of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperatures of the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D are represented as ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , respectively.
  • second correction values for correcting the temperature interferences from zones adjacent to the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D are represented as ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , respectively.
  • the temperature sensor 77 is used in setting up the above correction values. As illustrated in FIG.
  • the temperature sensor 77 is arranged on the backside surface of the heater 75 within the inner middle zone B.
  • the position of the temperature sensor 77 is not limited to the above, and the temperature sensor 77 may be arranged in other zones as well.
  • the number of temperature sensors 77 arranged on the heater 75 is not limited to one.
  • a plurality of temperature sensors may be arranged.
  • at least three temperature sensors are arranged on a circumference of a circle.
  • four temperature sensors 77 a , 77 b , 77 c , and 77 d are arranged on a circumference of a circle. In this way, a temperature distribution in the circumferential direction may be accurately detected.
  • the above heater temperature control method may be executed by the control device 80 .
  • a functional configuration of the control device 80 is described with reference to FIG. 13 , and operations of the control device 80 are described thereafter with reference to FIG. 19 .
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the functional configuration of the control device 80 .
  • the control device 80 includes an acquisition unit 81 , a storage unit 83 , a temperature setting unit 84 , a temperature control unit 85 , a determination unit 86 , and a plasma process execution unit 87 .
  • the acquisition unit 81 continually inputs the temperature of the backside surface of the heater 75 detected by the temperature sensor 77 .
  • the acquisition unit 81 may input the temperatures detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 77 .
  • the temperature setting unit 84 calculates the first values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 for correcting the deviations of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones, and the second values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 for correcting the temperature interferences from adjacent zones with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones, and stores the calculated correction values in the storage unit 83 . Note that methods for calculating the correction values are described in detail below.
  • the storage unit 83 stores a correlation between the setting temperatures of the zones and current values to be applied to the heater 75 such that the zones may be controlled to control temperatures that are corrected based on the first values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , and the second values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 .
  • the storage unit 83 may store process recipes prescribing the steps and conditions of a process. For example, a process recipe stored in the storage unit 83 may prescribe the steps and the process conditions for executing each step of the process illustrated in FIG. 5 .
  • the temperature control unit 85 adjusts the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones.
  • the temperature control unit 85 may correct the deviation of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones.
  • the temperature control unit 85 may correct the temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones.
  • the temperature control unit 85 may make one of the above adjustments or both of the above adjustments, for example.
  • the temperature control unit 85 may adjust the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones based on at least one of the first values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , and the second values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 stored in the storage unit 83 .
  • the temperature control unit 85 may set up the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 77 arranged in a given zone as a setting temperature of the corresponding zone, and calculate the current value to be applied to each of the zones of the heater 75 based on the correlation between the setting temperatures of the zones and the current values to be applied to the zones stored in the storage unit 83 .
  • the determination unit 86 determines that it is time to replace the electrostatic chuck 40 when at least one of the calculated current values for the heater of each of the zones is less than a threshold value. That is, as the heater 75 is repeatedly used, the heater 75 may be detached from the ceramic portion of the electrostatic chuck 40 due to thermal expansion, for example. In such case, the detached portion may be retained at a high temperature, and as a result, the current value may decrease.
  • the threshold value may be stored in the storage unit 83 , for example.
  • the plasma process execution unit 87 executes a plasma etching process according to a relevant process recipe stored in the storage unit 83 .
  • correction functions for obtaining heater setting temperatures Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 are described. Specifically, methods for calculating the first values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , and the second values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 ; and obtaining corrected heater control temperatures using the first values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , and the second values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 are described with reference to FIGS. 14-18 .
  • FIG. 14-18 FIG.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 with respect to the heater setting temperature Y 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2 with respect to the heater setting temperature Y 2 according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 3 with respect to the setting temperature Y 3 according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 4 with respect to the heater setting temperature Y 4 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates corrections implemented with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones and input current values to be applied to the zones.
  • the temperature of the heater 75 may be more accurately controlled.
  • variables X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 represent target temperatures of the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D; that is, temperatures to which the surface temperatures of the electrostatic chuck 40 at the above zones should actually be controlled.
  • Variables Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 represent setting temperatures of the heater 75 at the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D.
  • Variables Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3 represent adjacent temperatures as temperature interferences from adjacent zones. Specifically, referring to FIG. 14 , the adjacent temperature interfering with the center zone A is represented by the variable Z 1 .
  • the adjacent temperatures interfering with the inner middle zone B are represented by the variables Z 1 and Z 2 ; referring to FIG. 16 , the adjacent temperatures interfering with the outer middle zone C are represented by the variables Z 2 and Z 3 ; and referring to FIG. 17 , the adjacent temperature interfering with the edge zone D is represented by the variable Z 3 .
  • the variables X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 representing the target temperatures of the zones (surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 ) and the variables Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3 representing the adjacent temperatures are measured using infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
  • the variables Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 representing setting temperatures of the heater 75 are measured using a fluorescence thermometer.
  • the relationship between the heater setting temperature Y 1 and the target temperature X 1 taking into account the influence of the adjacent temperature Z 1 may be expressed by the following formula (1):
  • first correction values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 and the second correction values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 for controlling the temperatures at the outer middle zone C and the edge zone D may be calculated based on the following formulas (3) and (4):
  • the temperature setting unit 84 may calculate in advance all the correction values indicated in FIG. 18 for all conceivable combinations of temperature setting values of the adjacent zones.
  • the calculated first correction values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , and the second values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 are stored in the storage unit 83 .
  • the storage unit 83 stores a correlation between the setting temperatures Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 of the zones and current values I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , and I 4 to be applied to the zones of the heater 75 such that the heater temperatures at the zones may be equal to the control temperatures calculated for the zones based on the first correction values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 , and the second correction values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , and ⁇ 4 .
  • correction accuracy may be further improved by additionally taking into account influences from other zones that are not directly adjacent to the zone of interest.
  • the relationship may be approximated taking into account influences not only from the center zone A and the outer middle zone C but also the edge zone D using ⁇ 2 (Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 ) (see formula (6) indicated below). In this way, correction accuracy may be further improved.
  • correction values may be calculated in advance taking into account influences not only from adjacent zones but other remote zones using formulas (5)-(8) indicated below.
  • Z represents the adjacent temperature of an adjacent zone.
  • the first correction values ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 4 and the second correction values ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 4 for the zones are calculated in advance and stored in the storage unit 83 .
  • the correlation between the corrected heater setting temperatures Y 1 -Y 4 and the input current values I 1 -I 4 is stored in the storage unit 83 .
  • the acquisition unit 81 acquires the sensor temperature T 2 detected by the temperature sensor 77 that is arranged at the inner middle zone B (step S 100 ). Then, the temperature setting unit 84 uses the sensor temperature T 2 as a base temperature, assigns the sensor temperature T 2 to the heater setting temperature Y 2 of formula (2), assigns a target value to the target temperature X 2 of formula (2), and calculates the adjacent temperatures Z of adjacent zones (step S 102 ).
  • the temperature setting unit 84 assigns target values to the target temperatures X 1 , X 3 , and X 4 , and assigns the adjacent temperatures Z of the adjacent zones to calculate the heater setting temperatures Y 1 , Y 3 , and Y 4 (step S 104 ).
  • the temperature control unit 85 calculates the heater input current values I 1 , I 2 . I 3 , and I 4 corresponding to the heater setting temperatures Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3r and Y 4 , and applies the heater input current values I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , and I 4 to the corresponding zones of the heater 75 to thereby control the heater temperatures at the corresponding zones (step S 106 ).
  • the determination unit 86 determines whether any of the heater input current values I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , and I 4 is less than a predetermined threshold value. Upon determining that at least one of the heater input current values I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , and I 4 is less than the predetermined threshold value, the determination unit 86 determines that it is time to replace the electrostatic chuck 40 (step S 108 ) after which the present process is ended. When the determination unit 86 determines that none of the heat input current values I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , and I 4 is less than the predetermined threshold value, the present process is immediately ended.
  • the heater 75 arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck 40 is divided into at least four zones.
  • temperature control may be separately implemented with respect to the center zone A and the outermost edge zone D where anomalies are likely to occur due to plasma conditions or the apparatus configuration.
  • more intricate temperature control of the heater 75 may be enabled by dividing the middle region into at least two zones. As a result, in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be achieved.
  • the zones receive temperature interference from adjacent zones.
  • the middle zones are particularly susceptible to large temperature interferences. Accordingly, in a temperature control method that may be implemented by the plasma processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, correction may be implemented on temperature interferences from adjacent zones with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones.
  • the setting temperatures of the zones may incorporate corrections on deviations in the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 arranged above the heater 75 . In this way, highly accurate temperature control may be enabled.
  • a plasma etching process is described above as an example of a plasma process that may be executed by a plasma processing apparatus, the present invention is not limited to plasma etching, but may also be applied to plasma processing apparatuses that perform plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for forming a thin film on a wafer through CVD, plasma oxidation, plasma nitridization, sputtering, or ashing, for example.
  • CVD plasma chemical vapor deposition
  • a plasma processing apparatus is not limited to a capacitively coupled plasma processing apparatus that generates capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) by discharging a high frequency generated between parallel plate electrodes within a chamber.
  • the present invention may also be applied to an inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus that has an antenna arranged on or near a chamber and is configured to generate inductively coupled plasma (ICP) under a high frequency induction field, or a microwave plasma processing apparatus that generates a plasma wave using microwave power.
  • ICP inductively coupled plasma
  • the workpiece subject to a plasma process in the present invention is not limited to a semiconductor wafer but may be a large substrate for a flat panel display (FPD), an electroluminescence (EL) element, or a substrate for a solar battery, for example.
  • FPD flat panel display
  • EL electroluminescence
  • the heater may be arranged such that the center zone and the at least two middle zones have areas that become smaller toward the outer periphery side, and an outermost middle zone of the at least two middle zones has an area that is smaller than an area of the edge zone arranged at the outer periphery side of the outermost middle zone.
  • the heater may be arranged such that the center zone, the at least two middle zones, and the edge zone have areas that become smaller toward the outer periphery side.
  • the temperature control unit may turn off the heater of the outermost middle zone and adjust the control temperature of the heater of the zones other than the outermost middle zone.
  • the temperature control unit may correct a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to a setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.
  • the temperature control unit may correct a temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to a setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.
  • a plasma processing apparatus may further include a temperature setting unit configured to set up a first correction value for correcting a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones and a second correction value for correcting the temperature interference from the adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones.
  • the temperature control unit may adjust the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones based on the first correction value and the second correction value.
  • the temperature setting unit may store in advance in a storage unit a correlation between the setting temperature of each of the zones and a current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones to control the heater to the control temperature that is calculated with respect to each of the zones based on the first correction value and the second correction value.
  • the temperature control unit may acquire a temperature detected by a temperature sensor arranged in at least one zone of the plurality of zones, set up the acquired temperature as a setting temperature of the at least one zone, and calculate the current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones based on the setting temperature of the at least one zone and the correlation stored in the storage unit.
  • a plasma processing apparatus may further include a determination unit configured to determine that a time for replacement of the electrostatic chuck has been reached when at least one current value of the calculated current value for the heater of each of the zones is less than a predetermined threshold value.
  • At least three temperature sensors may be arranged along a circumference of a circle within the at least one zone.
  • a plasma processing apparatus may further include a coolant path arranged opposite the heater, which is arranged within or near the mounting table; and a chiller device configured to circulate a coolant within the coolant path.
  • the mounting table may hold a workpiece having a diameter greater than or equal to 450 mm, and the middle zones of the heater may be concentrically divided into at least three zones.

Abstract

A plasma processing apparatus is provided that converts a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and performs a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma. The plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber that can be depressurized, a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and holds the workpiece, an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and electrostatically attracts the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode, a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, and a temperature control unit. The heater is divided into a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery. The temperature control unit adjusts a control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a plasma processing apparatus and a heater temperature control method.
    • BACKGROUND ART
  • Temperature control of a workpiece placed on a mounting table is indispensable for controlling an etching rate, for example. Temperature control affects the uniformity of a plasma process performed on the workpiece and is therefore an important aspect of the plasma process.
  • An electrostatic chuck (ESC) that electrostatically attracts the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode is arranged on the mounting table. In recent years, heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanisms have been proposed that have heaters embedded within the electrostatic chuck such that the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck may be rapidly changed through heat generation by the heaters. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a temperature control technique implemented by a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism. According to Patent Document 1, heaters arranged in the heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism are divided into two zones including a circular center zone and an edge zone that is concentrically arranged around the outer periphery of the center zone, and temperature control is implemented with respect to each of these zones.
    • PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS Patent Documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2008-85329 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problem to be Solved by the Invention
  • However, in the above temperature control method that divides heaters into two zones, the heater area of one zone is still relatively large such that unevenness may be created in the temperature distribution within the same zone even when temperature control is implemented with respect to each zone. As a result, uniformity in the etching rate and the etching shape may not be achieved. Etching characteristics are particularly degraded at a boundary portion between the center zone and the edge zone.
  • In light of the above, one aspect of the present invention relates to providing a plasma processing apparatus and a heater temperature control method that are capable of dividing a heater arranged within or near an electrostatic chuck into at least four zones and implementing temperature control with respect to each of these zones.
    • Means for Solving the Problem
  • According to one embodiment of the present invention, a plasma processing apparatus is provided that is configured to convert a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and perform a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma. The plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber that can be depressurized, a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and is configured to hold the workpiece, an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and is configured to electrostatically attract the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode, a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, and a temperature control unit. The heater is divided into a plurality of zones including a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery. The temperature control unit is configured to adjust a control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the plurality of zones.
  • According to another embodiment of the present invention, a heater temperature control method is provided for controlling a temperature of a heater arranged in a plasma processing apparatus, which is configured to convert a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and perform a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma. The plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber that can be depressurized, a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and is configured to hold the workpiece, an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and is configured to electrostatically attract the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode, a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, and a storage unit. The heater is divided into a plurality of zones including a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery. The storage unit stores in advance a correlation between a setting temperature of each of the zones and a current value to be applied to the heater to control the heater to a control temperature of each of the zones, the control temperature being obtained by correcting a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones and correcting a temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones. The heater temperature control method includes the steps of acquiring a temperature detected by a temperature sensor arranged in at least one zone of the plurality of zones and setting up the acquired temperature as a setting temperature of the at least one zone, calculating a current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones based on the acquired setting temperature of the at least one zone and the correlation stored in the storage unit, and controlling the temperature of the heater of each of the zones by applying the calculated current value to the heater of each of the zones.
    • Advantageous Effect of the Invention
  • According to an aspect of the present invention, a heater arranged within or near an electrostatic chuck may be divided into at least four zones and temperature control may be implemented with respect to each of these zones.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an overall configuration of a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism of FIG. 1 including a heater arranged near an electrostatic chuck;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism including a heater arranged within an electrostatic chuck according to a first modified embodiment;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a heater embedded electrostatic chuck mechanism including a heater arranged near an electrostatic chuck according to a second modified embodiment;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates exemplary process steps that may be performed by the plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 6 illustrates process results of implementing temperature control when a heater is divided into two zones;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates process results of implementing temperature control when the heater is divided into two zones and when the heater is divided into four zones;
  • FIG. 8 illustrates process results of implementing temperature control when the heater is divided into two zones and when the heater is divided into four zones;
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary arrangement of the areas of the zones and power switching at the zones of the heater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates another exemplary arrangement of the areas of the zones and power switching at the zones of the heater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an arrangement of the zones of the heater and a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 12 illustrates another arrangement of the zones of the heater and temperature sensors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a functional configuration of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a method of calculating correction values α1 and β1 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a method of calculating correction values α2 and β2 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a method of calculating correction values α3 and β3 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y3 according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 17 illustrates a method of calculating correction values α4 and β4 with respect to a heater setting temperature Y4 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 18 illustrates corrections implemented with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones and corresponding input current values to be applied to the zones; and
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating process steps of a temperature control process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    •  EMBODIMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION
  • In the following, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that elements having substantially the same functions or features may be given the same reference numerals and overlapping descriptions thereof may be omitted.
  • [Overall Configuration of Plasma Processing Apparatus]
  • First, an overall configuration of a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIG. 1. The plasma processing apparatus 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is configured as a dual frequency capacitively coupled plasma etching apparatus. The plasma processing apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical vacuum chamber (processing chamber) 10 (simply referred to as “chamber” hereinafter) made of aluminum having an alumite-treated (anodized) surface, for example. The chamber 10 may be grounded, for example.
  • A mounting table 12 configured to hold a semiconductor wafer W (hereinafter, simply referred to as a “wafer W”) thereon as a workpiece is arranged within the chamber 10. The mounting table 12 may be made of aluminum, for example, and is supported on a cylindrical support 16 via an insulating cylindrical holder 14. The cylindrical support 16 extends vertically upward from a bottom of the chamber 10. To improve in-plane etching uniformity, a focus ring 18 that may be made of silicon, for example, is arranged on a top surface of the mounting table 12 to surround the outer edge of an electrostatic chuck 40.
  • An exhaust path 20 is formed between a sidewall of the chamber 10 and the cylindrical support 16. A ring-shaped baffle plate 22 is arranged in the exhaust path 20. An exhaust port 24 is formed at a bottom portion of the exhaust path 20 and is connected to an exhaust device 28 via an exhaust pipe 26. The exhaust device 28 includes a vacuum pump (not shown) and is configured to depressurize a processing space within the chamber 10 to a predetermined vacuum level. A gate valve 30 configured to open/close an entry/exit port for the wafer W is provided at the sidewall of the chamber 10.
  • A first high frequency power supply 31 for drawing ions and a second high frequency power supply 32 for plasma generation are electrically connected to the mounting table 12 via a matching unit 33 and a matching unit 34, respectively. The first high frequency power supply 31 may be configured to apply to the mounting table 12 a first high frequency power of a relatively low frequency (e.g. 0.8 MHz) that is suitable for drawing ions from within the plasma onto the wafer W placed on the mounting table 12. The second high frequency power supply 32 may be configured to apply to the mounting table 12 a second high frequency power of a higher frequency (e.g. 60 MHz) that is suitable for generating a plasma within the chamber 10. In this way, the mounting table 12 also acts as a lower electrode. Further, a shower head 38, which is described below, is provided at a ceiling portion of the chamber 10. The shower head 38 acts as an upper electrode at a ground potential. In this way, the second high frequency power from the second high frequency power supply 32 is capacitively applied between the mounting table 12 and the shower head 38.
  • The electrostatic chuck 40 configured to hold the wafer W by an electrostatic attractive force is provided on the top surface of the mounting table 12. The electrostatic chuck 40 includes an electrode 40 a that is made of a conductive film and is arranged between a pair of insulating layers 40 b (see FIGS. 2-4) or insulating sheets. A DC voltage supply 42 is electrically connected to the electrode 40 a via a switch 43. The electrostatic chuck 40 electrostatically attracts and holds the wafer W by a Coulomb force that is generated when a voltage is applied thereto from the DC voltage supply 42.
  • A heat transfer gas supply source 52 is configured to supply a heat transfer gas such as He gas between the backside surface of the wafer W and the top surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 through a gas supply line 54.
  • The shower head 38 disposed at the ceiling portion of the chamber 10 includes an electrode plate 56 having multiple gas holes 56 a and an electrode supporting body 58 configured to detachably hold the electrode plate 56. A gas supply source 62 supplies gas to the shower head 38 via a gas supply pipe 64, which is connected to a gas inlet 60 a. In this way, the gas may be introduced into the chamber 10 from the multiple gas holes 56 a.
  • A magnet 66 is arranged to extend annularly or concentrically around the chamber 10 so that the plasma generated within a plasma generation space of the chamber 10 may be controlled by the magnetic force of the magnet 66.
  • A coolant path 70 is formed within the mounting table 12. A coolant cooled to a predetermined temperature is supplied to the coolant path 70 from a chiller unit 71 via pipes 72 and 73. Also, a heater 75 that is divided into four zones is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40. Note that the configuration of the heater 75 is described in detail below. A desired AC voltage is applied to the heater 75 from an AC power supply 44. In this way, the temperature of the wafer W may be adjusted to a desired temperature through cooling by the chiller unit 71 and heating by the heater 75. Note that such temperature control may be performed based on a command from a control device 80.
  • The control device 80 is configured to control the individual components of the plasma processing apparatus 1 such as the exhaust device 28, the AC power supply 44, the DC voltage supply 42, the switch 43 for the electrostatic chuck, the first high frequency power supply 31, the second high frequency power supply 32, the matching units 33 and 34, the heat transfer gas supply source 52, the gas supply source 62, and the chiller unit 71. The control device 80 also acquires a sensor temperature detected by a temperature sensor 77 attached to the backside surface of the heater 75. Note that the control device 80 may be connected to a host computer (not shown).
  • The control device 80 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory), which are not shown. The CPU executes a plasma process according to various recipes stored in a storage unit 83 illustrated in FIG. 13, for example. The storage unit 83 storing the recipes may be configured as a RAM or a ROM using a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, for example. The recipes may be stored in a storage medium and loaded in the storage unit 83 via a driver, for example. Alternatively, the recipes may be downloaded from a network (not shown) and stored in the storage unit 83, for example. Also, note that a DSP (digital signal processor) may be used instead of the CPU to perform the above functions. The functions of the control device 80 may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof.
  • When performing an etching process using the plasma processing apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, first, the gate valve 30 is opened, and a wafer W that is held by a transfer arm is loaded into the chamber 10. Then, the wafer W is lifted from the transfer arm by pusher pins (not shown), and the wafer W is placed on the electrostatic chuck 40 when the pusher pins are lowered. After the wafer W is loaded, the gate valve 30 is closed. Then, an etching gas is introduced into the chamber 10 from the gas supply source 62 at a predetermined flow rate and flow rate ratio, and the internal pressure of the chamber 10 is reduced to a predetermined pressure by the exhaust device 28. Further, high frequency powers at predetermined power levels are supplied to the mounting table 12 from the first high frequency power supply 31 and the second high frequency power supply 32. Also, a voltage from the DC voltage supply 42 is applied to the electrode 40 a of the electrostatic chuck 40 so that the wafer W may be fixed to the electrostatic chuck 40. A heat transfer gas from the heat transfer gas supply source 52 is supplied between the top surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 and the backside surface of the wafer W. Etching gas sprayed into the chamber 10 from the shower head 38 is excited into a plasma by the first high frequency power from the first high frequency power supply 32. In this way, the plasma is generated within the plasma generation space between the upper electrode (shower head 38) and the lower electrode (mounting table 12), and a main surface of the wafer W is etched by ions and radicals included in the generated plasma. Also, the ions in the plasma may be drawn toward the wafer W by the first high frequency power from the first high frequency power supply 31.
  • After plasma etching is completed, the wafer W is lifted and held by the pusher pins, the gate valve 30 is opened, and the transfer arm is introduced into the chamber 10. Then, the pusher pins are lowered so that the wafer W may be held by the transfer arm. Then, the transfer arm exits the chamber 10, and a next wafer W is loaded into the chamber 10 by the transfer arm. By repeating the above-described procedures, wafers W may be successively processed.
  • (Heater Configuration)
  • In the following, the configuration of the heater 75 is described in detail with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the mounting table 12 and the electrostatic chuck 40 illustrated in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, the heater 75 is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40. However, in other embodiments, the heater 75 may be arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck 40. For example, in FIG. 3, the heater 75 is embedded within the insulating layer 40 b of the electrostatic chuck 40.
  • The heater 75 is divided into a circular center zone A, two middle zones (inner middle zone B and outer middle zone C) arranged concentrically around the outer periphery side of the center zone A, and an edge zone D arranged concentrically around the outermost periphery (see FIGS. 11 and 12). Note that although the middle zones are divided into two zones in the present embodiment, the middle zones may also be divided into three or more zones, for example. Particularly, in a case where the diameter of the wafer W is greater than or equal to 450 mm, the middle zones of the heater 75 are preferably divided into at least three zones in order to achieve higher temperature controllability at the middle zones.
  • The electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 may be attached to one another by an adhesive, for example. In this way, the heater 75 attached to the electrostatic chuck 40 may be embedded within an adhesive layer 74 and fixed between the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12. In the case where the heater 75 is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 as illustrated in FIG. 2, the arrangement of the heater 75 (heater pattern) may be freely altered until right before the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 are bound together by the adhesive layer 74. Also, even after the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 are bound together by the adhesive layer 74, the heater pattern may still be altered by detaching the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12, altering the heater pattern as desired, reapplying an adhesive on the heater 75, and reattaching the electrostatic chuck 40 and the mounting table 12 together.
  • On the other hand, in the case where the heater 75 is embedded within the electrostatic chuck 40, the heater 75 is fixed within the insulating layer 40 b when the insulating layer 40 b is sintered. In this case, the heater pattern may not be altered after the heater 75 is embedded within the insulating layer 40 b. Thus, in a case where the heater 75 is divided into four or more zones such that the heater pattern becomes rather complicated as in the present embodiment, a heater configuration enabling easy rearrangement of the heater pattern such as that illustrated in FIG. 2 is preferably used rather than the heater configuration having the heater 75 embedded within the electrostatic chuck 40 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • Also, in the case where the heater 75 is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 as illustrated in FIG. 2, the heater 75 is embedded in the adhesive layer 74. Note that when the heater 75 is embedded in the insulating layer 40 b as illustrated in FIG. 3, the heater 75 may not be arranged near the edge portions of the electrostatic chuck 40 because thin ceramic portions of the insulating layer 40 b may break when the insulating layer 40 b is sintered. However, such constraints are not imposed on the heater 75 that is embedded in the adhesive layer 74 as illustrated in FIG. 2. Thus, the heater 75 may be arranged to extend near the edge portions of the electrostatic chuck 40 in FIG. 2. As a result, the temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 may be uniformly controlled up to its outermost edge portions in the heater configuration of FIG. 2 where the heater 75 is attached to the backside surface of the electrostatic chuck 40.
  • Note that in some embodiments, the coolant path 70 arranged opposite the heater 75 may be arranged into a pattern corresponding to the zones of the heater 75 as illustrated in FIG. 4, for example. In this way, temperature controllability and responsiveness may be improved by the cooling by the coolant flowing in the coolant path 70 arranged according to the zones of the heater 75 and heating by the heater 75.
  • (Plasma Process)
  • The configurations of the plasma apparatus 1 and the heater 75 according to the present embodiment have been described above. In the following, an exemplary plasma process that may be implemented by the plasma processing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment are described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates exemplary process steps of the plasma process that may be implemented by the plasma processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment. Note that in the following description of the process steps, setting temperatures of a heater divided into two zones (center/edge) corresponding to a comparison example are indicated as exemplary heater temperature control conditions corresponding to one of the process conditions of the plasma process.
  • In S1 of FIG. 5, a silicon oxide (SiO2) film 108 having a silicon nitride (SiN) film 106, an amorphous silicon (α-Si) film 104, an anti-reflection (BARC: bottom anti-reflective coating) film 102, and a photoresist film 100 stacked thereon in this order is illustrated. The silicon oxide film 108 corresponds to an interlayer insulating film formed by CVD (chemical vapor deposition) using TEOS (tetraethoxysilane).
  • The BARC (anti-reflection) film 102 may be formed on the amorphous silicon (α-Si) film 104 by a coating process, for example. The BARC film 102 is made of a polymer resin containing a pigment that absorbs light having a specific wavelength such as ArF excimer laser light that is irradiated toward the photoresist film 100, for example. The BARC film 102 prevents the ArF excimer laser light that has passed through the photoresist film 100 from being reflected back to the photoresist film 100 by the amorphous silicon film 104. The photoresist film 100 may be formed on the BARC film 102 using a spin coater (not shown), for example. The photoresist film 100 has a pattern (resist pattern) formed thereon including openings arranged at positions where predetermined holes are to be formed.
  • Referring to S2 of FIG. 5, first, the BARC film 102 is etched using the photoresist film 100 as a mask. In this way, the openings of the resist pattern are transferred to the BARC film 102. As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 5 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 200/50 (W), a gas containing CF4/O2 is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=60/50° C.
  • Next, referring to S3 of FIG. 5, the amorphous silicon film 104 is etched using the photoresist film 100 and the BARC film 102 as masks. In this way, the pattern of the BARC film 102 may be transferred to the amorphous silicon film 104. As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 25 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 200/100 (W), a gas containing HBr is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=50/40° C.
  • Next, referring to S4 of FIG. 5, O2 ashing is performed and the photoresist film 100 and the BARC film 102 are removed. As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 50 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 750/0 (W), a gas containing O2 is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=50/40° C.
  • Next, referring to S5 of FIG. 5, the silicon nitride film 106 is etched using the amorphous silicon film 104 as a mask (main etching). In this way, the pattern of the amorphous silicon film 104 may be transferred to the silicon nitride film 106. As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 20 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 400/300 (W), a gas containing CH2F2/CH3F/O2 is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=35/35° C.
  • Next, referring to S6 of FIG. 5, the silicon oxide film 108 is etched using the amorphous silicon film 104 and the silicon nitride film 106 as masks (over etching). Note that a portion of the silicon nitride film 106 remains on the silicon oxide film 108 when this process step is performed. As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 20 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 400/300 (W), a gas containing CH2F2/CH3F/O2 is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=35/35° C.
  • Lastly, referring to S7 of FIG. 5, the silicon nitride film 106 is completely removed (breakthrough etching). As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 10 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 200/150 (W), a gas containing Cl2 is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=35/35° C. Also, O2 ashing is performed after the breakthrough etching step. In this way, deposited matter may be removed. As process conditions for this process step, a pressure of 50 (mTorr) is prescribed, the second high frequency power/first high frequency power are prescribed to be 750/0 (W), a gas containing O2 is prescribed, and setting temperatures of the heater are prescribed to be center/edge=35/35° C.
  • By performing the above process steps, the resist pattern may be successively transferred to a lower layer film, and holes having a predetermined opening width may ultimately be formed in the silicon oxide film 108.
  • (CD Measurement Results: Two Zones)
  • FIG. 6 illustrates deviations in the diameters (hereinafter referred to as “CD”, which stands for critical dimension) of holes formed on the wafer W by the above process steps. FIG. 6 illustrates the deviations in the CD measurements of the holes in a radial direction from the wafer center side to the wafer periphery side. The CD measurements were made at four different measurement points arranged 90 degrees apart from each other along a circumferential direction, and such CD measurements were made with respect to multiple wafer positions along the radial direction from the wafer center side to the wafer periphery side. FIG. 6 represents the result of superposing the above measurement points along a single axis.
  • The horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents a radial position of the wafer with respect to the wafer center, and the vertical axis of FIG. 6 represents the CD of the holes formed at various positions. The graph on the left side of FIG. 6 represents CD measurements of the holes formed on the amorphous silicon film 104 after the etching step for etching the amorphous silicon film 104 illustrated by S3 of FIG. 5 has been performed. The graph on the right side of FIG. 6 represents CD measurements of the holes formed on the silicon oxide film 108 after all the process steps up to S7 of FIG. 5 have been performed. Note that in FIG. 6, the heater 75 is divided into a center zone and an edge zone at a position approximately 130 (mm) from the wafer center.
  • As can be appreciated from the left side graph of FIG. 6, even at the stage of etching the amorphous silicon film 104, variations in the CD of the holes in the radial direction already occur at a maximum variation range of approximately 5 (nm). Such CD variations may be attributed to deviations in the etching rate resulting from a failure to achieve temperature control uniformity across the radial direction from the wafer center to the wafer periphery.
  • As can be appreciated from the right side graph of FIG. 6, the deviations in the CD of the holes become even wider after all the process steps of FIG. 5 are performed. Particularly, it can be appreciated that the CD of the holes become larger near the wafer center (widening near wafer center) and the CD of the holes become smaller near the wafer edge (narrowing near wafer edge) owing to an inadequacy in the implementation of temperature control. The anomaly (irregularity) in the CD around the wafer center may be attributed to plasma, particularly radicals, existing at a higher density above the wafer center region. The anomaly (irregularity) in the CD around the wafer edge may be attributed to a tendency for heat to be trapped within the wafer edge region and prevented from escaping outside.
  • Based on the above results, in the present embodiment, a region around the wafer center and a region around the wafer edge where uniform temperature control is particularly difficult are handled as anomalies, and the heater 75 is divided into a plurality of zones such that temperature control may be separately implemented on a center zone A and an edge zone D. Further, it can be appreciated from the process results illustrated in FIG. 6 that the CD becomes gradually greater toward the outer periphery side even within a middle region between the center zone A and the edge zone D. Thus, in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may not be achieved if this middle region is handled as one single zone. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the middle region is divided into two middle zones (i.e., inner middle zone B and outer middle zone C). That is, in the present embodiment, the heater 75 is divided into four zones. Note, however, that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the middle region of the heater 75 may be divided into three or more zones such that the heater 75 may be divided into a total of five or more zones.
  • (Setting Temperatures of Zones)
  • In the following, setting temperatures of the zones are described with reference to FIG. 7. The top graph of FIG. 7 represents measurement results of the wafer temperature in relation to the heater setting temperature to illustrate in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature in exemplary cases where temperature control is implemented on the heater 75 that is divided into two zones. That is, the top graph of FIG. 7 represents average values of the wafer temperature in cases where the center zone of the two zones is controlled to a setting temperature of 60° C., and the edge zone of the two zones is controlled to a setting temperature of 40° C., 50° C., 60° C., and 70° C. while plasma processes are performed according to the process steps illustrated in FIG. 5. An increase in the wafer temperature with respect to the setting temperature may be attributed to heat input from plasma. As can be appreciated, in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature cannot be achieved in any of the above cases. Notably, because the temperature of the middle zone cannot be controlled in the above cases, substantial deviations occur at the outer periphery side of the center zone and the edge zone. Also, in the above cases, the wafer temperature at the wafer edge side increases as the heater setting temperature increases owing to a tendency for heat to be trapped within the wafer edge region and prevented from escaping outside.
  • In view of the above results, the lower graph of FIG. 7 indicates a curved line S1 representing an estimated relationship between the heater setting temperature and the in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature in a case where temperature control is implemented on the heater 75 that is divided into four zones. Note that the diamond-shaped dots plotted in the lower graph of FIG. 7 represent CDs of holes formed in a case where the heater 75 is divided into two zones and the center zone and the edge zone are controlled to setting temperatures of 60° C. and 40° C., respectively. The square-shaped dots plotted in the lower graph of FIG. 7 represent CDs of holes formed in a case where the heater 75 is divided into two zones and the center zone and the edge zone are controlled to setting temperatures of 60° C. and 50° C., respectively. In these cases, the CDs at the wafer edge tend to become smaller as the heater setting temperature for the edge zone increases. Further, the CDs at the wafer center side tend to become smaller as the heater setting temperature for the center zone increases. In view of the above, the lower graph of FIG. 7 indicates a curved line S2 representing an estimated relationship between the heater setting temperature and the in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature in a case where the center zone and the edge zone of the heater 75 that is divided into two zones are controlled to setting temperatures of 60° C. and 60° C., respectively.
  • In a case where the heater 75 is divided into four zones, and the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D are controlled to setting temperatures of 70° C., 60° C., 70° C., and 50° C., respectively, for example, improved in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be achieved as illustrated by the curved line S1. That is, in the above case, the setting temperatures for the center zone A and the outer middle zone C are set at a higher temperature of 70° C. compared to the setting temperature 60° C. for the inner middle zone B. In this way, a decrease in CD deviations and improved in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be expected.
  • (CD Measurement Results: 4 Zones)
  • Based on the correlation between the setting temperatures and the CDs as described above, calculations were made to obtain optimal setting temperatures for the four zones of the heater 75 upon performing the process steps illustrated in FIG. 5, the optimal setting temperatures were prescribed in a recipe, and the process steps of FIG. 5 were performed according to the recipe. The right side graph of FIG. 8 represents process results obtained from performing the process steps according to the recipe. The left side graph of FIG. 8 illustrates the process results in the case where the heater 75 is divided into two zones as a comparison example. As can be appreciated by comparing the left side and right side graphs of FIG. 8, in the case where temperature control is implemented with respect to the heater 75 that is divided into four zones, the “widening near wafer center” and the “narrowing near wafer edge” of the CD that occur when the heater 75 is divided into two zones cannot be observed thereby indicating that in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature can be achieved. Note that the setting temperatures of the center zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the BARC film 102 in the case of implementing the 2-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 60/50° C., and the setting temperatures of the center zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the silicon nitride film 106 in the case of implementing the 2-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 35/35° C. Also, the setting temperatures of the center zone/inner middle zone/outer middle zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the BARC film 102 in the case of implementing the 4-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 60/45/45/43° C., and the setting temperatures of the center zone/inner middle zone/outer middle zone/edge zone during the etching process step for etching the silicon nitride film 106 in the case of implementing the 4-zone temperature control were prescribed to be 40/45/50/50° C.
  • (Zone Area)
  • In the following, the areas of the zones are described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate exemplary embodiments of the heater 75 that is divided into four zones. In FIG. 9, the center zone A has the largest area, and the four zones have areas that become gradually smaller from the center zone A toward the edge zone D. That is, the area of the heater zone at the outermost edge is the smallest. In this embodiment, temperature control may be more intricately performed as the temperature control position comes closer toward the outermost periphery, and in this way, temperature uniformity may be improved.
  • In FIG. 10, the center zone A has the largest area, and the areas of the zones become smaller from the center zone A toward the outer middle zone C. However, the area of the outer middle zone C is smaller than the edge zone D. That is, the outer middle zone C, which is second closest to the outermost periphery, has the smallest area. In this embodiment, temperature control may be more intricately performed with respect to the outermost middle zone positioned toward the inner side with respect to the outermost edge zone, and in this way, temperature uniformity may be improved.
  • (Power Switching)
  • In the heater 75 having the configurations as illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, the AC power supply 44 may be switched on/off at the middle zones (inner middle zone B and/or outer middle zone C). For example, in FIG. 10, by switching on/off the power of the outer middle zone C having the smallest zone area, temperature interference from the outer middle zone C to its adjacent zones D and B may be prevented. In this way, temperature control may be implemented based on the correlation between the temperatures of the adjacent zones D and B, and temperature controllability of the wafer W may be improved in some cases. Also, by turning off the power of the heater of one or more zones, energy consumption may be reduced.
  • On the other hand, the AC power supply 44 may not be switched on/off at the center zone A and the edge zone D. This is because plasma exists at a high density around the wafer center and heat tends to be trapped within the outermost region of the wafer to be prevented from escaping outside as described above. That is, the center zone A and the edge zone D have anomalies in their temperature distributions such that temperature control at these regions is believed to be indispensable.
  • As described above, in the plasma processing apparatus 1 including the heater 75 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heater 75 arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck 40 is divided into at least four zones. In this way, temperature control may be separately implemented with respect to the center zone A and the outermost edge zone D in which anomalies occur due to plasma conditions and/or the apparatus configuration, for example. Also, by dividing the middle region into at least two zones, temperature control of the heater may be more intricately conducted. As a result, in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be achieved. Note that in the case where the size (diameter) of the wafer is greater than or equal to 450 mm, the area of the middle region becomes relatively large and accurate temperature control of the middle region becomes difficult. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the middle region may be subdivided into smaller zones according to the size of the wafer upon implementing temperature control.
  • [Heater Temperature Control Method]
  • In the present embodiment, the heater 75 is divided into four zones. The center zone A and the edge zone D each have one zone arranged adjacent thereto. The middle zones B and C in the middle region each have two zones arranged adjacent thereto. The zones receive temperature interference from their adjacent zones. Notably, the middle zones B and C in the middle region receive temperature interference from both sides. In view of the above, more accurate temperature control may be possible by correcting the temperature interference from the adjacent zones with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones.
  • Also, note that because the surface of the electrostatic chuck 40 is positioned above the heater 75, the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 may not always be equal to the setting temperatures of the zones. That is, a deviation may occur between the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 and the temperature of the heater 75. Thus, more accurate temperature control may be possible by correcting such a deviation.
  • In the following, a heater temperature control method is described that involves correcting the temperature interference from adjacent zones, correcting the deviation between the temperature of the heater 75 and the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40, and using a corrected temperature obtained by performing the above corrections to control the temperature of the heater 75 at each of the zones.
  • Note that in the following descriptions, as illustrated in FIG. 18, first correction values for correcting deviations of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperatures of the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D are represented as α1, α2, α3, and α4, respectively. Also, second correction values for correcting the temperature interferences from zones adjacent to the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D are represented as β1, β2, β3, and β4, respectively. Further, the temperature sensor 77 is used in setting up the above correction values. As illustrated in FIG. 11, in the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 77 is arranged on the backside surface of the heater 75 within the inner middle zone B. However, the position of the temperature sensor 77 is not limited to the above, and the temperature sensor 77 may be arranged in other zones as well. Also, the number of temperature sensors 77 arranged on the heater 75 is not limited to one. In some embodiments, a plurality of temperature sensors may be arranged. In a preferred embodiment, at least three temperature sensors are arranged on a circumference of a circle. For example, in FIG. 12, four temperature sensors 77 a, 77 b, 77 c, and 77 d are arranged on a circumference of a circle. In this way, a temperature distribution in the circumferential direction may be accurately detected.
  • [Functional Configuration of Control Device 80]
  • The above heater temperature control method may be executed by the control device 80. In the following, a functional configuration of the control device 80 is described with reference to FIG. 13, and operations of the control device 80 are described thereafter with reference to FIG. 19.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the functional configuration of the control device 80. The control device 80 includes an acquisition unit 81, a storage unit 83, a temperature setting unit 84, a temperature control unit 85, a determination unit 86, and a plasma process execution unit 87.
  • The acquisition unit 81 continually inputs the temperature of the backside surface of the heater 75 detected by the temperature sensor 77. In the case where a plurality of temperature sensors 77 are arranged, the acquisition unit 81 may input the temperatures detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 77.
  • The temperature setting unit 84 calculates the first values α1, α2, α3, and α4 for correcting the deviations of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones, and the second values β1, β2, β3, and β4 for correcting the temperature interferences from adjacent zones with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones, and stores the calculated correction values in the storage unit 83. Note that methods for calculating the correction values are described in detail below.
  • The storage unit 83 stores a correlation between the setting temperatures of the zones and current values to be applied to the heater 75 such that the zones may be controlled to control temperatures that are corrected based on the first values α1, α2, α3, and α4, and the second values β1, β2, β3, and β4. Also, the storage unit 83 may store process recipes prescribing the steps and conditions of a process. For example, a process recipe stored in the storage unit 83 may prescribe the steps and the process conditions for executing each step of the process illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • The temperature control unit 85 adjusts the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones. The temperature control unit 85 may correct the deviation of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones. Also, the temperature control unit 85 may correct the temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones. The temperature control unit 85 may make one of the above adjustments or both of the above adjustments, for example. In making the above adjustments, the temperature control unit 85 may adjust the control temperature of the heater 75 with respect to each of the zones based on at least one of the first values α1, α2, α3, and α4, and the second values β1, β2, β3, and β4 stored in the storage unit 83. In this case, the temperature control unit 85 may set up the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 77 arranged in a given zone as a setting temperature of the corresponding zone, and calculate the current value to be applied to each of the zones of the heater 75 based on the correlation between the setting temperatures of the zones and the current values to be applied to the zones stored in the storage unit 83.
  • The determination unit 86 determines that it is time to replace the electrostatic chuck 40 when at least one of the calculated current values for the heater of each of the zones is less than a threshold value. That is, as the heater 75 is repeatedly used, the heater 75 may be detached from the ceramic portion of the electrostatic chuck 40 due to thermal expansion, for example. In such case, the detached portion may be retained at a high temperature, and as a result, the current value may decrease. Note that the threshold value may be stored in the storage unit 83, for example.
  • The plasma process execution unit 87 executes a plasma etching process according to a relevant process recipe stored in the storage unit 83.
  • [Correction Value Calculation]
  • In the following, correction functions for obtaining heater setting temperatures Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are described. Specifically, methods for calculating the first values α1, α2, α3, and α4, and the second values β1, β2, β3, and β4; and obtaining corrected heater control temperatures using the first values α1, α2, α3, and α4, and the second values β1, β2, β3, and β4 are described with reference to FIGS. 14-18. FIG. 14 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values α1 and β1 with respect to the heater setting temperature Y1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 15 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values α2 and β2 with respect to the heater setting temperature Y2 according to the present embodiment, FIG. 16 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values α3 and β3 with respect to the setting temperature Y3 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 17 illustrates a method of calculating the correction values α4 and β4 with respect to the heater setting temperature Y4 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 18 illustrates corrections implemented with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones and input current values to be applied to the zones.
  • As described below, by correcting the temperature interferences from adjacent zones and correcting the deviations of the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 with respect to the setting temperatures of the heater 75 to obtain corrected heater control temperatures and applying to the heater 75 input current values corresponding to the corrected heater control temperatures of the heater 75, the temperature of the heater 75 may be more accurately controlled.
  • In the following descriptions, variables X1, X2, X3, and X4 represent target temperatures of the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D; that is, temperatures to which the surface temperatures of the electrostatic chuck 40 at the above zones should actually be controlled. Variables Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 represent setting temperatures of the heater 75 at the center zone A, the inner middle zone B, the outer middle zone C, and the edge zone D. Variables Z1, Z2, and Z3 represent adjacent temperatures as temperature interferences from adjacent zones. Specifically, referring to FIG. 14, the adjacent temperature interfering with the center zone A is represented by the variable Z1. Referring to FIG. 15, the adjacent temperatures interfering with the inner middle zone B are represented by the variables Z1 and Z2; referring to FIG. 16, the adjacent temperatures interfering with the outer middle zone C are represented by the variables Z2 and Z3; and referring to FIG. 17, the adjacent temperature interfering with the edge zone D is represented by the variable Z3. Note that the variables X1, X2, X3, and X4 representing the target temperatures of the zones (surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40) and the variables Z1, Z2, and Z3 representing the adjacent temperatures are measured using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The variables Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 representing setting temperatures of the heater 75 are measured using a fluorescence thermometer.
  • For example, with respect to the heater 75 at the center zone A, the relationship between the heater setting temperature Y1 and the target temperature X1 taking into account the influence of the adjacent temperature Z1 may be expressed by the following formula (1):

  • Y 1=α1 X 1+β1(Z 1)  (1)
  • The graph in FIG. 14 represents the linear function expressed by the above formula (1). If the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 were actually measured, the slope α1 will remain the same as long as there is no influence from the adjacent temperature Z1. In the present example, it is assumed that β1(Z1) is constant. In a case where the temperature sensor 77 detects a sensor temperature T1 at the backside surface of the center zone A, the heater setting temperature Y1 may be set equal to the sensor temperature T1 corresponding to an actual measurement value. Thus, the first correction value α1 and the second correction value β1 may be calculated by obtaining actual measurements of the heater setting temperature Y1 (=sensor temperature T1) and the surface temperature X1 of the electrostatic chuck 40 at two or more different points.
  • Similarly, with respect to the heater at the inner middle zone B, the relationship between the heater setting temperature Y2 and the target temperature X2 taking into account the influence of the adjacent temperatures Z1 and Z2 may be expressed by the following formula (2):

  • Y 2=α2 X 2+β2(Z 1 ,Z 2)  (2)
  • The graph in FIG. 15 represents the linear function expressed by the above formula (2). It is assumed in the present example that the adjacent temperatures Z1 and Z2 are fixed values of a certain conceivable combination for implementing temperature control and β1(Z1, Z2) is constant. In a case where the temperature sensor 77 detects a sensor temperature T2 at the backside surface of the inner middle zone B, the heater setting temperature Y2 may be set equal to the sensor temperature T2 corresponding to an actual measurement value. Thus, the first correction value α2 and the second correction value β2 may be calculated by obtaining actual measurements of the heater setting temperature Y2 (=sensor temperature T2) and the surface temperature X2 of the electrostatic chuck 40 at two or more different points.
  • Similarly, the first correction values α3 and α4, and the second correction values β3 and β4 for controlling the temperatures at the outer middle zone C and the edge zone D may be calculated based on the following formulas (3) and (4):

  • Y 3=α3 X 3+β3(Z 2 ,Z 3)  (3)

  • Y 4=α4 X 4+β4(Z 3)  (4)
  • Note that the linear function expressed by formula (3) is represented by the graph of FIG. 16, and the linear function expressed by formula (4) is represented by the graph of FIG. 17. Also, it is assumed in the above examples that the heater setting temperature Y3=sensor temperature T3, and the heater setting temperature Y4=sensor temperature T4.
  • In this way, the temperature setting unit 84 may calculate in advance all the correction values indicated in FIG. 18 for all conceivable combinations of temperature setting values of the adjacent zones. The calculated first correction values α1, α2, α3, and α4, and the second values β1, β2, β3, and β4 are stored in the storage unit 83. Also, the storage unit 83 stores a correlation between the setting temperatures Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 of the zones and current values I1, I2, I3, and I4 to be applied to the zones of the heater 75 such that the heater temperatures at the zones may be equal to the control temperatures calculated for the zones based on the first correction values α1, α2, α3, and α4, and the second correction values β1, β2, β3, and β4.
  • According to the above correction value calculation methods, relative relationships with respect to temperature variations between adjacent zones are determined beforehand, and the temperature of one zone is actually measured and the measured temperature is used as a base temperature to obtain input current values to be applied to the zones of the heater 75. In this way, correction-implemented temperature control may be performed on the zones of the heater 75.
  • Note that in the above descriptions, for example, with respect to the heater 75 at the inner middle zone B, the relationship is approximated using β2(Z1, Z2) as the influence from adjacent zones. However, correction accuracy may be further improved by additionally taking into account influences from other zones that are not directly adjacent to the zone of interest. For example, with respect to the heater 75 at the inner middle zone B, the relationship may be approximated taking into account influences not only from the center zone A and the outer middle zone C but also the edge zone D using β2(Z1, Z2, Z3) (see formula (6) indicated below). In this way, correction accuracy may be further improved. Similarly, correction values may be calculated in advance taking into account influences not only from adjacent zones but other remote zones using formulas (5)-(8) indicated below.

  • Y 1=α1 X 1+β1(Z 1 ,Z 2 ,Z 3)  (5)

  • Y 2=α2 X 2+β2(Z 1 ,Z 2 ,Z 3)  (6)

  • Y 3=α3 X 3+β3(Z 1 ,Z 2 ,Z 3)  (7)

  • Y 4=α4 X 4+β4(Z 1 ,Z 2 ,Z 3)  (8)
  • Further, in a case where the power of the outer middle zone C is turned off, temperature interference from the outer middle zone C may be disregarded. Accordingly, the relationship between the setting temperatures of the zones of the heater 75 and the target temperatures may be expressed by the following formulas (9)-(11):

  • Y 1=α1 X 1+β1(Z 1 ,Z 3)  (9)

  • Y 2=α2 X 2+β2(Z 1 ,Z 3)  (10)

  • Y 4=α4 X 4+β4(Z 1 ,Z 3)  (11)
  • [Control Device Operations]
  • Lastly, operations of the control device 80; namely, temperature control operations executed by the control device 80 are described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 19. Note that in the present example, Z represents the adjacent temperature of an adjacent zone. As described above, the first correction values α1-α4 and the second correction values β1-β4 for the zones are calculated in advance and stored in the storage unit 83. Also, the correlation between the corrected heater setting temperatures Y1-Y4 and the input current values I1-I4 is stored in the storage unit 83.
  • When the present process is started, first, the acquisition unit 81 acquires the sensor temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor 77 that is arranged at the inner middle zone B (step S100). Then, the temperature setting unit 84 uses the sensor temperature T2 as a base temperature, assigns the sensor temperature T2 to the heater setting temperature Y2 of formula (2), assigns a target value to the target temperature X2 of formula (2), and calculates the adjacent temperatures Z of adjacent zones (step S102).

  • Y 2=α2 X 2+β2(Z 1 ,Z 2)  (2)
  • Then, using formulas (1), (3), and (4), the temperature setting unit 84 assigns target values to the target temperatures X1, X3, and X4, and assigns the adjacent temperatures Z of the adjacent zones to calculate the heater setting temperatures Y1, Y3, and Y4 (step S104).

  • Y 1=α1 X 1+β1(Z 1)  (1)

  • Y 3=α3 X 3+β3(Z 2 ,Z 3)  (3)

  • Y 4=α4 X 4+β4(Z 3)  (4)
  • Then, based on the correlation between the setting temperatures of the zones and the current values I stored in the storage unit 83, the temperature control unit 85 calculates the heater input current values I1, I2. I3, and I4 corresponding to the heater setting temperatures Y1, Y2, Y3r and Y4, and applies the heater input current values I1, I2, I3, and I4 to the corresponding zones of the heater 75 to thereby control the heater temperatures at the corresponding zones (step S106).
  • Then, the determination unit 86 determines whether any of the heater input current values I1, I2, I3, and I4 is less than a predetermined threshold value. Upon determining that at least one of the heater input current values I1, I2, I3, and I4 is less than the predetermined threshold value, the determination unit 86 determines that it is time to replace the electrostatic chuck 40 (step S108) after which the present process is ended. When the determination unit 86 determines that none of the heat input current values I1, I2, I3, and I4 is less than the predetermined threshold value, the present process is immediately ended.
  • [Effects]
  • As described above, in the plasma processing apparatus 1 including the heater 75 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heater 75 arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck 40 is divided into at least four zones. In this way, temperature control may be separately implemented with respect to the center zone A and the outermost edge zone D where anomalies are likely to occur due to plasma conditions or the apparatus configuration. Also, more intricate temperature control of the heater 75 may be enabled by dividing the middle region into at least two zones. As a result, in-plane uniformity of the wafer temperature may be achieved.
  • Also, the zones receive temperature interference from adjacent zones. The middle zones are particularly susceptible to large temperature interferences. Accordingly, in a temperature control method that may be implemented by the plasma processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, correction may be implemented on temperature interferences from adjacent zones with respect to the setting temperatures of the zones. Also, the setting temperatures of the zones may incorporate corrections on deviations in the surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck 40 arranged above the heater 75. In this way, highly accurate temperature control may be enabled.
  • Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. That is, numerous variations and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art, and the present invention includes all such variations and modifications that may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • For example, although a plasma etching process is described above as an example of a plasma process that may be executed by a plasma processing apparatus, the present invention is not limited to plasma etching, but may also be applied to plasma processing apparatuses that perform plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for forming a thin film on a wafer through CVD, plasma oxidation, plasma nitridization, sputtering, or ashing, for example.
  • Also, a plasma processing apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to a capacitively coupled plasma processing apparatus that generates capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) by discharging a high frequency generated between parallel plate electrodes within a chamber. For example, the present invention may also be applied to an inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus that has an antenna arranged on or near a chamber and is configured to generate inductively coupled plasma (ICP) under a high frequency induction field, or a microwave plasma processing apparatus that generates a plasma wave using microwave power.
  • Also, the workpiece subject to a plasma process in the present invention is not limited to a semiconductor wafer but may be a large substrate for a flat panel display (FPD), an electroluminescence (EL) element, or a substrate for a solar battery, for example.
  • Also, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heater may be arranged such that the center zone and the at least two middle zones have areas that become smaller toward the outer periphery side, and an outermost middle zone of the at least two middle zones has an area that is smaller than an area of the edge zone arranged at the outer periphery side of the outermost middle zone.
  • Also, in another embodiment of the present invention, the heater may be arranged such that the center zone, the at least two middle zones, and the edge zone have areas that become smaller toward the outer periphery side.
  • Also, the temperature control unit may turn off the heater of the outermost middle zone and adjust the control temperature of the heater of the zones other than the outermost middle zone.
  • Also, the temperature control unit may correct a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to a setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.
  • Also, the temperature control unit may correct a temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to a setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.
  • Also, a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a temperature setting unit configured to set up a first correction value for correcting a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones and a second correction value for correcting the temperature interference from the adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones. The temperature control unit may adjust the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones based on the first correction value and the second correction value.
  • Also, the temperature setting unit may store in advance in a storage unit a correlation between the setting temperature of each of the zones and a current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones to control the heater to the control temperature that is calculated with respect to each of the zones based on the first correction value and the second correction value. The temperature control unit may acquire a temperature detected by a temperature sensor arranged in at least one zone of the plurality of zones, set up the acquired temperature as a setting temperature of the at least one zone, and calculate the current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones based on the setting temperature of the at least one zone and the correlation stored in the storage unit.
  • Also, a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a determination unit configured to determine that a time for replacement of the electrostatic chuck has been reached when at least one current value of the calculated current value for the heater of each of the zones is less than a predetermined threshold value.
  • Also, at least three temperature sensors may be arranged along a circumference of a circle within the at least one zone.
  • Also, a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a coolant path arranged opposite the heater, which is arranged within or near the mounting table; and a chiller device configured to circulate a coolant within the coolant path.
  • Also, the mounting table may hold a workpiece having a diameter greater than or equal to 450 mm, and the middle zones of the heater may be concentrically divided into at least three zones.
  • The present application is based on and claims the benefit of priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-005590 filed on Jan. 13, 2012, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/587,706 filed on Jan. 18, 2012, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS
    • 1 plasma processing apparatus
    • 10 chamber
    • 12 mounting table (lower electrode)
    • 31 first high frequency power supply
    • 32 second high frequency power supply
    • 38 shower head (upper electrode)
    • 40 electrostatic chuck
    • 44 AC power supply
    • 62 gas supply source
    • 70 coolant path
    • 71 chiller unit
    • 75 heater
    • 77 temperature sensor
    • 80 control device
    • 81 acquisition unit
    • 83 storage unit
    • 84 temperature setting unit
    • 85 temperature control unit
    • 86 determination unit
    • 87 plasma process execution unit
    • 100 photoresist film
    • 102 BARC film
    • 104 α-Si film
    • 106 SiN film
    • 108 SiO2 film
    • A center zone
    • B inner middle zone
    • C outer middle zone
    • D edge zone

Claims (13)

1. A plasma processing apparatus configured to convert a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and perform a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma, the plasma processing apparatus comprising:
a processing chamber that can be depressurized;
a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and is configured to hold the workpiece;
an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and is configured to electrostatically attract the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode;
a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, the heater being divided into a plurality of zones including a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery; and
a temperature control unit configured to adjust a control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the plurality of zones.
2. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heater is arranged such that the center zone and the at least two middle zones have areas that become smaller toward the outer periphery side, and an outermost middle zone of the at least two middle zones has an area that is smaller than an area of the edge zone arranged at the outer periphery side of the outermost middle zone.
3. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heater is arranged such that the center zone, the at least two middle zones, and the edge zone have areas that become smaller toward the outer periphery side.
4. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature control unit turns off the heater of the outermost middle zone and adjusts the control temperature of the heater of the zones other than the outermost middle zone.
5. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature control unit corrects a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to a setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.
6. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature control unit corrects a temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to a setting temperature of each of the zones upon adjusting the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones.
7. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
a temperature setting unit configured to set up a first correction value for correcting a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones and a second correction value for correcting the temperature interference from the adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones;
wherein the temperature control unit adjusts the control temperature of the heater with respect to each of the zones based on the first correction value and the second correction value.
8. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein
the temperature setting unit stores in advance in a storage unit a correlation between the setting temperature of each of the zones and a current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones to control the heater to the control temperature that is calculated with respect to each of the zones based on the first correction value and the second correction value; and
the temperature control unit acquires a temperature detected by a temperature sensor arranged in at least one zone of the plurality of zones, sets up the acquired temperature as a setting temperature of the at least one zone, and calculates the current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones based on the setting temperature of the at least one zone and the correlation stored in the storage unit.
9. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
a determination unit configured to determine that a time for replacement of the electrostatic chuck has been reached when at least one current value of the calculated current value for the heater of each of the zones is less than a predetermined threshold value.
10. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein at least three temperature sensors are arranged along a circumference of a circle within the at least one zone.
11. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a coolant path arranged opposite the heater, which is arranged within or near the mounting table; and
a chiller device configured to circulate a coolant within the coolant path.
12. The plasma processing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein
the mounting table holds the workpiece that has a diameter greater than or equal to 450 mm; and
the middle zones of the heater are concentrically divided into at least three zones.
13. A heater temperature control method for controlling a temperature of a heater arranged in a plasma processing apparatus, which is configured to convert a gas into plasma using a high frequency power and perform a plasma process on a workpiece using an action of the plasma, wherein
the plasma processing apparatus includes
a processing chamber that can be depressurized;
a mounting table that is arranged within the processing chamber and is configured to hold the workpiece;
an electrostatic chuck that is arranged on the mounting table and is configured to electrostatically attract the workpiece by applying a voltage to a chuck electrode;
a heater arranged within or near the electrostatic chuck, the heater being divided into a plurality of zones including a circular center zone, at least two middle zones arranged concentrically at an outer periphery side of the center zone, and an edge zone arranged concentrically at an outermost periphery; and
a storage unit that stores in advance a correlation between a setting temperature of each of the zones and a current value to be applied to the heater to control the heater to a control temperature of each of the zones, the control temperature being obtained by correcting a deviation of a surface temperature of the electrostatic chuck with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones and correcting a temperature interference from an adjacent zone with respect to the setting temperature of each of the zones;
the heater temperature control method comprising the steps of:
acquiring a temperature detected by a temperature sensor arranged in at least one zone of the plurality of zones and setting up the acquired temperature as a setting temperature of the at least one zone;
calculating a current value to be applied to the heater of each of the zones based on the acquired setting temperature of the at least one zone and the correlation stored in the storage unit; and
controlling the temperature of the heater of each of the zones by applying the calculated current value to the heater of each of the zones.
US14/368,548 2012-01-13 2013-01-09 Plasma processing apparatus and heater temperature control method Abandoned US20150132863A1 (en)

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