US2153938A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

April 11, 1939. P. N. REED 2,153,938

GAS BURNER Filed April 1, 1936 -2 Sheets-Sheet l Fau/ /V. faeea. BY

ATTORNEY April 11, 1939. P. N. REED 2,153,933

GAS BURNER Filed April 1, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 5 Pal/ii Reed ATTORN EY Patented Apr. 11, 1939 I t 2,1

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFHCE GAS BURNER Paul N. Reed, Kansas City, Mo, assignor, by mesne assignments, of one-half to said Paul N. Reed and one-half to Phil B. Pursell, both of Kansas City, Mo.

Application April 1, 1936, Serial No. 72,087

3 Claims. 158104) This invention relates to gas burners, particu- While my invention is adaptable to various larly to those of the jet type, and has for its types of heating equipment, I have particularly principal object to adapt this type of burner to illustrated it in association with a bakers oven I,

heating ovens and other apparatus wherein an which is of reel type, including front and rear a extremely high combustion efficiency is required. Walls 23 and end walls l5 connected by a top Burners of this character, and particularly Wall 6 and a bottom wall 1 to form an enclosed those employing impinging jets, are efficient for Oven chamber 8. the reason that the secondary combustion sup- One of the walls, for example, the rear wall porting air is introduced above the gas orifices 3., is p v d d a o i s lower edge With a p in the jet tubes by the vacuum created incidental g coextensive With e length hereo or ad- 10 to the velocity and impingement of the fuel jets. mitting combu tion supporting air to a plenum However, I find that by increasing the volume of chamber iii. The plenum chamber is formed by air supplied to the jets, the efiiciency of this a partition H supported above the bottom l on r type burner is much greater, and I, there-fore, a suitable framework including horizontal chanprovide a burner of this character with means for nels I2 and angles I3 fixed to the inner walls of creating a Venturi action about the jets so as the oven, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The to increase the volume of both the secondary and partition H is formed by a plurality of plates Hi primary air supply. Also by such arrangement Spaced apart to provide openings l5 and H5 in the air is more uniformly distributed to all of which are mounted the burner units ii and i8 the jets throughout the length of the burner and embodying the features of the present invention. 20 I am enabled to maintain a more uniform heat. The plates l4 along the side edges of the burner It is also an important object of the invention opening are flanged upwardly, as at i9 and 2%, to provide a burner of the jet type with air and connected thereto are angles 2! having their directing means which serves to protect the V ical fla s 22 fixed 0 the a ge 0f the jets 2.5 burner jets from clogging caused by drippings by fastening devices 23, and their horizontal 25 from articles being heated in the oven, flanges 2d turned inwardly to mount the burner In accomplishing these and other objects of the ts. as now to be described. invention, as hereinafter pointed out, I have pro- The burner units are compos d Of a plurality vided improved details of structure, the preof tandem arranged sections 25 including subferred forms of which are illustrated in the ac- .stantially U-shaped conduits having spaced, par- 30 companying drawings, wherein: allel leg portions 26 and 21 connected at one of Fig, 1 is perspective View of an Oven equipped their ends by a conduit portion 28 and at their with burner units embodying the features of the pp s t ds by a t 9. The ds of the legs present invention, a portion of the oven wall pp the Connecting portion 23 e C sed to being broken away to better illustrate installaprovide a substantially U-shaped chamber for 35 tion of the burners. A part of one of the burner s i t g gas 130 a plurality of nozzle tips 33 units is also removed to better illustrate the conand 3| that are carried by t respective legs of struction thereof. the burner sections.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the oven e p r i ns 2 f he burn s c i n r pr 40 showing the burner units in plan. vided with pipe connections 32 whereby the indi- 40 Fig. 3 is a vertic l section through the lower vidual sections are connected to a manifold pipe portion of the oven on the line 33 of Fig. 2. 33 extending lon t y of the respective Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-section through one openin !5 and and Which ave the r uter of the burner units, ends extending through the front wall of the 4s Fig. 5 is a large, perspective View of one of the Oven and p d w h V v 3% a 5 for tOD- burner units showing the parts thereof in disas p fi W 0f gas thereto from a pp P p 33 sembled, spaced relation. which extends across an end of the oven and ter- Fig. 6 is a cross-section through a. modified minates in an upwardly extending riser 3'! which form of burner unit. is provided at its upper end with a valve 38 actu- Fig. 7 is a perspective View, partly in section, ated by a thermostat mounted in the oven cham- 50 of a further modified form of burner unit. her. h valv 8 is connected by a p p 39 that Fig. 8 is a section through a modified form of extends downwardly in parallel relation with the the invention showing a double jet burner arriser 31 and terminates in a T 45 that is adapted rangement. to be connected to a suitable source of gas supply,

Referring more in detail to the drawings: as in conventional practice. The pipe 39 may also be provided with a shut-off valve 4I whereby flow of gas can be shut off independently of the thermostatic valve 38 or the valves 34 and 35.

The T 40 also connects a branch line 43 that extends in parallel relation to the gas line 36 and leads to pilot lines 44 and 45 extending into the oven and provided with pilots 46, the pilots being carried by the burner sections nearest the end wall 4 of the oven in a web 4'! connecting the portion 28 of that burner with the adjacent leg 21 thereof, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 5. The pilots may be of any approved construction and specifically form no part of the present invention.

The jet tubes on the respective legs of the burner sections are arranged in staggered relation and in pairs so directed that the first jet tube on one leg and the corresponding tube on the other leg converge toward each other in such a manner that the gas issuing therethrough impinges above the orifices 48 and 49 thereof to create a vacuum between the flames of the impinging jets for drawing air from the plenum chamber through the openings I5 and I6. The jet tubes are shown as including nipples 50 having hexagonal base portions 5I terminating in threaded shanks 52 that are threadedly mounted in internally threaded openings 53 formed in the legs of the burner sections. The heads are provided with laterally opening ports 54 and 55 communicating with the flow channels 56 in the nozzles to supply the primary combustion supporting air to the gas, the air being drawn through the openings by action of the gas moving through the channels to the outlet orifices 48 and 49.

In order to increase the air supply to the jets, I provide means for controlling flow of air over the outer sides of the respective jet tips and for producing a Venturi action of the air drawn about the jet tubes, as now to be described.

The openings I5 and I6 are wider than the spacing of the legs 26 and 21 of the burner sections to provide passageways 5'! and 58 between the legs of the burner sections and the flanges 24 of the respective angles 2| and 22, and the air admitted through the passageways is guided by means of air directing members 59 and 60. The members 59 and 60 preferably conform to the length of the burner sections and comprise substantially arcuate plates BI and 62 having base' flanges 63 and 64 extending along the lower edges to seat upon the horizontal flanges 24.

The opposite edges of the arcuate plates terminate substantially over the orifices of the respective burner tips and have lip flanges 65 and 66 spaced apart to provide a constricted passageway for the flames and auxiliary air drawn through the openings from the plenum chamber. The arcuate shaped portions of the plate thus direct the air from the passageways through the constricted spacing of the lip flanges and in close relation to the outer surfaces of the impinging flames, in the manner of a Venturi which effects movement of larger quantites of air at a higher pressure adjacent the primary ports than at the nozzle tips, thereby affording more perfect combustion by assuring an adequate supply of primary air to the inlet ports of the gas jets.

In order to retain the air directing members in operative relation with the burner sections, and at the same time support the burner sections in proper position over the openings I5 and I6, the inner faces of the arcuate plates are provided with lugs 69 and III, as best shown in Fig. 5, which terminate in substantially the axis of the burner legs and are provided with notches II and 12 to accommodate the leg portions of the burner, as best shown in Fig. 4. The lugs are clamped in engagement with the burner sections by tie bolts I3 and 14 projected through aligning openings I5 and I 6 extending through the respective plates, through the lugs, and through bosses I1 and 18 that are formed on the outer sides of the plate to be engaged by the heads 19 and nuts of the tie bolts, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The air directing members are thus clamped to and form a rigid part of the respective burner sections, and since they are of approximately the same length as the burner sections they provide substantially continuous deflectors extending along the length of the openings I5 and I6.

In order that all of the burner sections in the respective units may be lighted from thepilotlight, the connecting portions 28 thereof are provided with flame spreaders SI, as in conventional jet burner construction.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 6, supplementary air is supplied to the respective burner sections through individual ducts 82 that are formed by channels 83 laid along the floor of the oven, and which have laterally directed flanges 84 and 85 forming seats for the base flanges of the respective air directing chambers as shown. In this instance, the partition floor is formed of thicker material and has the side edges thereof adjacent the openings provided with rabbeted grooves to seat the lateral flanges of the channel members. Otherwise the construction is substantially the same as that illustrated in the previously described forms of the invention.

In Fig. 7 the burner unit is shown as of ring shape and the air directing members 86 and 81 conform thereto, the outer member 86 being of ring shape and having a base flange corresponding to the base flange previously described, and upwardly extending lips 89 cooperating with similar lips 90 on the other directing member 81, which is in the form of a disk 9I having an arcuate shaped portion 92 cooperating with an arcuate shaped portion 93 of the other member to direct supplementary air over the outer surfaces of the impinging jets, in the same manner as described in the other form of the invention. This form of the invention is particularly adapted for furnaces and other heating devices employing a circular fire-box.

In Fig. 8 the burner is shown as having three conduits 94, 95 and 96, with the center duct 95 provided with a double row of burner tips 91 and 98 cooperating respectively with the burner tips 99 and II!!! on the outer conduits. The air directing members IUI and I02 correspond to the air directing members 59 and 69 and co-act with a central member I03 to form Venturi shaped outlets !64 and I05 over the cooperating rows of burner tips similar to the preferred form of the invention.

In operation, gas is supplied to the respective burner units upon opening the valves 34 and 35 so that jets of gas may issue through the orifices of the respective burner tips, which jets of gas are ignited from the pilot light through the respective flame spreading members. Upon lighting of the gas jets, the impinging action of the flames will cause air to be drawn from the plenum chamber upwardly between the legs of the burner sections and into the flames so as to provide substantially perfect combustion with the impinging portion of the jets. Simultaneously air is drawn through the passageways formed between the leg portions of the burner sections and the air directing or control members into close contact with the outer surfaces of the flames to provide supplementary air thereto and to hold the flames in close contact with the air that is drawn therebetween.

Because of the reduced capacity of the outlet as afiorded by the spacing of the lip flanges of the air directing members, the air is distributed substantially uniformly along the length of the burner section so that all of the flames will burn at substantially the same degree of efficiency, and, therefore, the head will be the same across the depth of the oven.

From the foregoing, it is obvious that I have provided for increased efficiency of this type of burner and a more even distribution of heat within the oven.

While I have particularly illustrated the invention as applied to a bakers oven, it is obvious that it may be associated with other heating equipment Without'departing from the spirit of the invention, and I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the specific application of the invention shown and described.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A gas burner including an air duct having an opening in the top thereof provided with seats extending along opposite side edges of the opening and having an air inlet, spaced gas conduits substantially coextensive with said seats, jet tubes carried by said conduits and having axial outlet openings and laterally opening primary air inlet ports, means supplying gas to said conduits, and air directing members having sides supported on said seats and curving upwardly and inwardly over the primary air inlet ports of the jet tubes to form a Venturi-like passageway in covering relation with said jet tubes whereby air drawn through said duct and through the passageway supplies primary air to the inlet ports and secondary air above said jet tubes incidental to the burning action of the gas emitted from said jet tubes.

2. A gas burner including an air duct having an opening in the top thereof provided with seats extending along opposite side edges of the opening and having an air inlet, spaced gas conduits substantially coextensive with said seats, jet tubes carried by said conduits having laterally opening primary air inlet ports and arranged in inclined relation to each other whereby gas jets issuing from said tubes impinge against each other to effect drawing of primary air from said duct to the primary air inlet ports and secondary air into the flames issuing from said jets when the burner is in operation, and air directing members supported on said seats and having curved portions extending in spaced relation over the jet tubes to form a Venturl-like passageway in covering relation therewith whereby air drawn through the passageway incidental to impinging action of the gas jets supplies primary air to the inlet ports at higher pressure than the secondary air supplied above said jets.

3. A gas burner including an air supply duct having an elongated opening and seats extending along the sides of said opening, gas conduits arranged in inwardly spaced parallel relation with said seats, spaced jets carried by said gas conduits and provided with laterally opening primary air inlet ports, said jets being arranged in inclined relation to each other whereby gas issuing from said jets impinge against each other to effect drawing of primary air into the inlet ports and secondary air into the flames issuing from the jets when the burner is in operation, air directing members supported on said seats and curving upwardly and inwardly of said jets for confining air issuing from said duct for positive travel in the direction of the primary air ports and secondary air into said impinging flames, lugs on the air directing members having seats for engaging said conduits, and tie members extending through the air directing members to secure said air directing members and conduits in assembly on said air duct.

PAUL N. REED.

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