US2161618A - Washing machine - Google Patents

Description

.lune 6, 1939.

G. W. DUNHAM WASHING MACHINE original F115@ April 2, 193s 4 sheets-sheet 1 oobooo ooQoppn fwd' Inyeht OTS mi w. aA e H mw June 6, 1939. G, w DUHAM 2,161,618

WASHING MACHINE Original Filed April 2, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 nga.

ITA'LVGOP Geogew DLmhcLrn,V

His Attobneg.

Jun.6,1939.- G.w.DUNHAM l2,161,618

'WASHING MACHINE Original Filed April 2, 19354 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 GeovgeWDunhum 71 i Attorney.

4 June 6,;1939. l G. w. DUNHAIM 2,161,618

' WASHING. MACH-fm:

original Filed April 2, 1955 -4 she's-sheef`r 4 His Attowneg.

Patented June 6, 1939 OFFICE WASHING MACHINE V George W. Dunham, Westport, Conn., assignor to General Electric Com New York pany, a corporation of Application April 2, 1935,'ser1a1'No. 14,255 Renewed January 10, 1939 32 Claims. (Cl. 68-23) My invention relates to washing machines of the type in ,which washing is eifected by the oscillation of an agitating element in a tub, and

in which the tub is subsequently rotated to centrifugally extract the liquid from the material washed, thereby washing tub.

The vobject of my invention is to provide an improved construction and arrangement in a l Washing machine of this type. For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto.

'In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a washing machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the control for the washing machine with the outer casing and base broken away;

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the driving mechanism for the washingmachine; Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is'a sectional elevation taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 4; Fig. 'I is a sectional elevation taken on line 1 1 of Fig. 4 Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 4; Fig. 9 is a sectional plan view taken on line 9 9 of Fig. '1;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the'brake for retarding Y control cams in the pumping position; Fig. 16

is a diagrammatic view showing the control cams in the off position; and Fig. 1'1 is a diagrammatic view showing the control cams in the drying or extracting position.

Referring to the drawings, the washing machine embodying my invention comprises a base I having a depending flange 2 to which are secured the upper ends of supporting legs 3. The lower ends of the supporting legs are secured to a ring 4 on which are carried casters 5. A cylindrical skirt 6 having its upper end extend'- ing above the base is secured to the 'outside of thering 4. Supported on the upper side of the base is a stationary tub 1 which provides the outer casing for the machine. The lower end of the tub extends within the skirt 6. The tub and the base are provided with a central openand drying in`a single ing through which extends a, vertical sleeve- 8 having a flange 9 on the under side of the base. On the inside of the sleeve 8 is a resilient mounting for thellower end of a vertical sleeve III. This mounting comprises a rubber ring II, which lies between an inwardly extending flange I2 on the sleeve 8 and the lower side of a flange I3 on a sleeve I'3a secured to the-sleeve I0; and a lrubber ring I4 which surrounds a sleeve Ila secured to sleeve I0 and rests on the upper side of the flange I3. The rubber rings are held in place by'a nut I5 which is threaded'into the inside of the sleeve 8 and which bears against the upper edge of the ring Il. The rubber rings provide a resilient Y support for the lower end of the sleeve II) which permits tilting movement of the sleeve. 'I'he stiffness of the mounting may be adjusted by threading the nut I5 into or out of the sleeve 8. Leakage of liquid around the sleeve III is prevented by a rubber sleeve I5 having its upper end securedto the sleeve I0 by a clamp I1 and having its lower end extending under a clamping ring I8. 'Screws I9.extendingfrom the clamping ringA I8 through the adjacent walls of the tub and the base and threaded into the flange 9 clamp the lower end of the sleeve I6 to the upper side of the tub and alsoclamp the tub to the base. Suitable gaskets are arranged between the tub and the base and between the base and the flange 9 to prevent leakage.

The sleeve Ill extends above the normal water level in the' tub 1. Extending through the sleeve I0 and spaced therefrom is a vertical shaft 20. I'he upper end of the shaft is journaled in a self-lubricating sleeve. bearing 2I which is fixed to the inside of the sleeve. There is no bearing for the lower end of the shaft.

In the upper part of stationary tub 1 is a rotatable tub or receptacle 22 for receiving liquid and material'to be washed. The space between the bottom of the receptacle 22 and the bottom of the tub 1 is sufficient to provide a storage space for 'all the liquid which can be placed in the receptacle. At the center of the receptacle 22 is-a vertical sleeve 23, the upper end of which projects above the water level in the receptacle. The lower end of the sleeve 23 fits into an opening in the bottom wall of the receptacle 22 and a stffening disk 25, both of which are held in position between a shoulder and a spun-over portion as shown at 24. The sleeve 23 is provided with a disk-shaped flange 25 which extends o ver the upper side of the bottoml wall ofthereceptacle. The sleeve 23 and the stiifening disk 25 are fixed to the bottom wall of the recepta- 55 cle by rivets 21. Drain openings 23 are provided in the bottom wall of the tub and the stiilening disk 25 to drain liquid which may seep into the space between the tub and the disk 26.

The lower end of sleeve 23 is guided on the vertical sleeve I3 by a self-lubricating bearing 23 which is fixed to the inside of the sleeve 23.- 'I'he upper end of the sleeve 23 is guided on shaft 23 by a self-lubricating sleeve bearing fixed in the hub formed by the upper end of the sleeve. The lower end of the sleeve bearing 30 bears on a hardened steel thrust collar 3l which is supported on and positioned by a shoulder on shaft 20. The thrust collar is prevented from turning on the shaft by pin 32. 'Ihe weight of the receptacle is transmitted to the thrust collar by the bearing 30 and through the shoulder to shaft 20. The lower end of the thrust collar projects within the upper end of the sleeve I0, but is spaced therefrom so`that the weight of the tub is not carried by the sleeve l0. By this arrangement, the receptacle is supported by the shaft 20 and is free to rotate relative to the shaft and relative to the vertical sleeve I3. By using the sleeve bearing 33 to support the receptacle on the shaft, the weight of the receptacle can be transmitted through the shaft to an easily lubricated thrust bearingA at the lower end of the shaft. This construction eliminates the necessity for the thrust b earing between the receptacle and the upper end of sleeve I3 which would be difdcult to lubricate and would present corrosion problems in the humid atmosphere present at this point. During washing, when the shaft 23 is oscillated, the receptacle remains substantially stationary due to inertia, and the' bearing loss in the bearing 33 is negligible. If the receptacle were supported on the sleeve l0 during washing, a complicated lifting device would be necessary to lift the receptacle from the sleeve during extracting.- By continuously supporting the receptacle on the shaft, this lifting device is eliminated. The sleeve bearing 33 is located above the normal water level in the receptacle 22 and there is accordingly no leakage of liquid around the vshaft 20./ The receptacle may be lifted from the shaft 23 and sleeve lli when the inside of the stationary tub 1 is to be cleaned.

The shaft 20 projects beyond the upper end of sleeve 23 on the receptacle, and the projecting end is provided with splines 33 into which fit complementary splines in a bushing 34 fixed in the upper end'of an agitator 35. A disk 35 is fixed in the upper end of bushing 34 and transmits the weight of the agitator to the upper end of the shaft 20. A cup 35a is snapped'in place over the upper end of the agitator. The agitator has a tubular body portion 31 which extends downwardly around the sleeve 23 and terminates in a disk-shaped portion 33 adjacent the bottom of the tub. Three vanes 39 project outwardly from the tubular portion 31 and upwardly from the disk-shaped portion 33. These vanes agitate the liquid and material contained in the receptacle 22 in order to effect the washing operation. The'agitator is guided on the sleeve 23 by a bearingl40 which is fixed to theinside of the tubular portion 31 of the agitator and which bears on the outside of the sleeve 23. The agitator is removable by lifting from the end of the shaft 20. Since the -agitator is fixed to the shaft 20. by the splines 33, the agitator follows the movement of the shaft 20.

At the outer edge of the disk-shapedvportion 33 of the agitator is a downturned flange 4| on the inside of which is secured a brake band 42v having an inturned flange 43 at the lower edge. A brake shoe 44 is supported by the flange 43 and is urged against the brake band by a compression spring 45 between the adjacent ends of this oscillation, the projection 46 may engage the rubber block 41 and move the tub. The slip clutch which is provided by the brake shoe 44 relieves the impact. During the normal oscillation of the agitator, the projection 43 does not engage the block 41, and the receptacle therefore remains substantially stationary.

'I'he receptacle is rotatedto extract liquid from the material contained therein by rotating the shaft 23. This causes the projection 46, which is carried by the agitator to 'engage the block 41 and'thereby to complete a coupling between the agitator and the receptacle which causes the receptacle to be rotated.

The receptacle is provided with outwardly flaring side walls 22a. Below the upper end of the side walls is secured an inwardly projecting annular guard ring 43 which is provided with holes 50. At the inner edge of the guard ring is a vertical flange 5I which is provided with holes l52. During the washing operation, the liquid is continuously introduced into the tub through a pipe 53, and the excess liquid ows over the upper edge of the tub. The guard ring 43 keeps the clothes within the tub during the washing 'and extracting operations. vDuring extracting, the liquid iiows up the flared side walls 22a and out over the upper edge of the receptacle. The

liquid. which overflows from the receptacle 22- during washing is returned to the tub by a pump 54, the inlet of which is connected to an opening in the bottom wall of the stationary tube 1 (not shown), and the outlet of which is connected to a vertical pipe which extends up the outside of the outer casing and is secured thereto by a bracket 55a (see Fig. 3). One end of the pipe 53 is slidable within the pipe 55. Leakage around the pipe 53 is prevented by a seal 56 arranged between the upper end of the pipe 55 and the pipe 53.

-The upper end of the stationary tub is partially closed by.an annular cover 51 which extends inwardly over the upper edge of the receptacle 22. The cover is ,provided with a flange 53 which fits within the upper edge of the stationary tub. A rubber gasket 59 is arranged between the flange 53 and the tub. A pin 63 which is secured to the outer casing and projects through au opening in the flange 53 locates the cover with reference to the tub so that it always occupies the same'relatlve position. A removable cover 3I rests on the inner edge' ofthe annular cover 51 and completes the closing of the machine. Fixed to this cover and projecting beyond the edge thereof is a projection Gla carrying a pin SIb on the under side which fits in a hole' in the cover 51 and locates the cover 6| on the cover 51. This is shown in Figs. 3- and 5.

The cover 3l is provided with an opening 62` through which the'pipe 53 projects when .it is discharging liquid into the rotatable tub 22.

Power is transmitted to the lower end of vertical shaft 23 through a universal joint which combetween the pins 68. Bushings 61 are arranged around each of the pins. Plates 68 arranged'on the upper and lower sides of the bushings 61 and each having. four equally spaced depressions in which the bushings t, are clamped together to complete the assembly of the universal joint. 'I'his universal joint permits tilting of the shaft 28 when rotating in an unbalanced condition. The drum 66 is keyed to a vertical shaft 69. The shaft 69 is journaled in a sleeve bearing 18 carried inthe upper wall of a gear casing 1|. The oil which is carried. past bearing 18 is returned to the gear casing by a tube 18a. The lower end of the shaft 69 is carried in a bearing 13 mounted in a bridge 13a. The vertical load is carried by lthrust bearing 12 also supported in bridge 13a. The bridge 13a is dowelled into position on gear case 1|` and allows the entire mechanism to be assembled and operated with the gear case cover plate 1|a removed. The entire weight of the receptacle `22 and the contents thereof, which is supported on the shaft 28, is carried on the thrust bearing 12. The gear casing is supported from -the lower-end o sleeve 6 andv is also braced by a bracket 14 secured to the under side of the inverted so that it rests on` the upper rim of the outer casing, and the gear case cover 1|a is re- Y moved. In this position'all the gearing is accessible, and since the gearing is carried wholly by the gear case, it may be operated and tested with the cover removed. While in this position, none of the lubricant can leak from the gear casing since the end of the tube 18a is above the level of the lubricant. In factthe location of the tube 18a is sucn that lubricant cannot leak therefrom in any position of the gear case.

The power for driving the washing machine is obtained from an electric motor which is suitably supported on the under side of the base in a manner not shown. The motor is provided with a belt drive 16 to a pulley 11 rotatable on a horizontal drive shaft 18. A suitable centrifugal clutch vv19 completes the driving connection between the pulley 11 and the drive shaft 18 at a predetermined speed. Thedrive shaft 18 carries a helical gear 88 which Imeshes with a gear 8| rotatably carried on the vertical shaft 69. The drive shaft 18 also carries a worm 82 which meshes with a worm gear 83 rotatably carried on apin 84 supported from the vupper wall of the gear casing. Depending from the gear 83 is a crank pin 85 at the lower endof which is fixed one end of a rack 86. The crank pin 85 is rotatable in gear 83. The rack is provided with teeth 81 which are adapted to engage a pinion 88 xed to the lower end of shaft 69. The body portion of the rack is offset, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, so that the teeth of the rack are in line with the bearing of the crankl pin inthe gear 83.

The rack is carried in a guiding bracket 89 which is pivoted on a pin 98 secured to a boss 98a depending from the upper wallof the gear casing. The guiding bracket has anges 9| which extend over the upper and lowesides of the rack. A roll 92 is journaled between the flanges 9| on a sleeve 93 which is held in place by a pin 94. This roll engages the rear side of the rack and holds the teeth of the rack in engagement with the pinion 88. The upper ange of the guiding bracket is provided with a depending pm si which fits within a longitudinal slot 96 in the upper surface of therack. When the guiding bracket' is` pivotedv in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 3, this pin moves the rack out of engagement with the pinion 88.

The position of the guiding bracket is adjusted by adjusting plate 91 which is arranged above the upper ange 9| of the guiding bracket. The adjusting plate is provided .with an elongated slot 98 which fits over the pin 9 8 on which the guiding bracket is pivoted. The adjusting plate is casing and an ear |82 on the adjusting plate.l

The cam slot 99 is formed so'that when the adjusting plate 91 is moved to the right, as viewed in Fig. 3, the guiding bracket 89 is p ivoted in a counter-clockwise direction about the pin 98, and

the rack is moved out of engagement with the pinion 88.

The `arrangement illustrated for moving the adl justing plate comprises a roller |88 which is rotatably` carried on the upper surface of the ad- A justing plate and which is engaged'bya cam |84.

Cam |84 is keyed to a vertical cam shaft |85 which is rotatably carried in a boss |86 depending from the upper wall of the gear casing. 'A plate |86a (see Figs. 7 and 8) keyed to the lower end of cam shaft |85 supports the adjusting plate 91. In Fig. 3, the adjusting plate is shown in the position in which the rack engages the pinion 88. When the cam |86tis rotated in a counter-clockwise direction, the adjusting plate is moved to the right thereby causing the rack to be moved out of engagement with the pinion 88. During this movement, the spring holds the adjusting plate against the end of screw |88. The rack is reciprocated continuously during the rotation of the driving shaft 18, but the shaft 69 and the shaft 28, which is driven thereby, are oscillated only when the rackengages the pinion 88.

The gear 8|, which is continuously driven by the drive shaft 18 is coupled to the shaft 69 'by a clutch which comprises a flanged collar |81 which is splined to the shaft 69. On the lower surface of the collar |81 are teeth |88 which are adapted to iit between teeth |89 on the upper surface of gear 8| and thereby couple the gear 8| to the shaft 69. The movement of clutch collar |81 is controlled by a bellcranklever |8 which is pivotallycarried on a pin I|| .supported by a bracket ||2 (see Fig. '1) from the upper wall of the gear casing. The upper arm of the bell crankis prvided with pins H3 which t' crank carries a stud. Illa which is held against a clutch-operating cam ||5 by a lspring ||6. 'I'he spring H6 biases the bell crank in the direction to move the clutchy collar into engagement with the teeth on the upper surface of gear 8|. In Fig. 3, they clutch-operating cam ||5 is shown in the position in which the clutch eollar |81 is held out of engagement with the teeth on the'gear 8|. `When the cluthfoperating cam is moved to the positionV shown in Fig. 17, the spring ||6 moves 'the' clutch collar into engagerment with the teeth on gear 8l and thereby couples the gear 8| to the shaft 69, This completes a driving connection from the drivefshafV-t-through the shaft 69 to the shaft 20 so that the shaft 20 can be rotated.

At the conclusion of the extracting operation, the receptacle and the shaft 20 are being rotated at high speed. In Figs.` to 13, inclusive, I have showny a braking arrangement for quickly bringing the receptacle to a stop at the conclusion of theextracting operation. This arrangement comprises a. brake shoe ||1 which is carried on a brake arm ||8 pivoted on pin ||9 on the lower end of sleeve 8. Thebrake shoe is provided with flanges which extend on either side of the brake arm H8. A pin |2| is fastened-between the flanges |20 and fits in an open ended slot |22 in the brake arm. The pin |`2| is held against the bottom of the slot by a prestressed spring |23 arranged between a cup |24 -and a cup |25. (see Fig. 1) which extend on either side of the brake arm I8 and between the flanges |20 on the brake shoe and are pivoted on the pin |2|. The

' brake shoe is maintained centered with 'respect to the slot |22 by a spring |21 arranged between a bracket |28 on the sleeve 8 and a pin |29 on the brake shoe. This spring maintains the outer surface of the brake shoe against the brake arm when the brake is in the position shown in Fig.'

10. The spring |21 also biases the brake arm ||8 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 10. 'I'he position of the brake arm ||8 is controlled by a lever |30 which is pivoted on pin |3| on the sleeve 8 and which carries a pin |32 at the other end which bears on a brake control cam" |33. A spring |34 arranged between a pin |35 on lever |30 and a boss |36 on brakearm ||8 normally holds the lever |30 againstboss |36.

When the parts are in the posi-tion shown 'in Fig. 1 0, the brake control cam |33 maintains the .brake arm in the position shown in Fig. 10 in which the brake does not touch the brake drinn 66. To apply the brake, the cam shaft |05 is moved to the position shown in Figs. 11 and 16 in which the pin |32 is opposite a slot |31 in the brake control cam. When the parts are in this position, the 4spring |21 moves the brake arm ||8 in a clockwise direction so that the surface of the brake shoe. is brought into contact with the surface of the brake drum. The frictional torque exerted by the brake drum on the brake shoe acts through the brake shoe to the brake arm and moves thebrake arm to the posiy tion shown in Fig. 12. In this position the brake shoe is wedged against the surface of the brake drum and is moved to the right in. slot |22 against the force of prestressed spring |23. The spring |23 therefore controls the braking'pressure which is exerted between the brake shoe and the brake drum. A stop |38 on the sleeve 8 limits the ro- 69 as the pin |9 on which the brake arm is piv- -`oted. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 12, the pin |32 is held within the slot |31 in the brake control camr and prevents further rotation of the cam shaftI |05 While the parts are in this position. In other words, the entire control mechanism is locked in position until the brake drum comes to rest.

The cup |25 has spaced flanges |26l The rotation of the cam shaft is controlled by a rod |39 which is journaled at its upper end in a dial plate |40 fixed tothe upperend of station'ary` tub and at the lower end in a casing |4| supported by a bracket |42 from the side wall 2,01' the base. The upper end of the control rod |39 has an onset portion |43 which provides a handle for rotating the rod. Fixed to the lower end of the control rod |30 within housing |4| is "a gear |44 which drives a segmental gear through an intermediate gear |46. The segmental gear |45 is connected to one end of a lever |41 which is pivotally carried on a pin |48 in a. bracket |49 supported from the upper wall of the base, as shown in Fig. 7. 'I'he other end of lever |41 is provided with a segmental gear |50 which meshes with a pinion |5| which is keyed to the cam shaft |05 between guide plates |5|a. 'I'he lower guide plate |5|a is provided with spaced holes |5|b which are engaged by a spring pressed ball |5|a. This provides a detent for holding the cam shaft in the position to 'which it is moved. When the control rod |39 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the cam shaft |05 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction. At the lower end of the operating rod is a cam |52 which engages the operating plunger |53 of a motor control switch |54. The switch is normally biased to the closed position and is opened by pushing the rod toward the switch. The switch is placed in one of the conductors |54a which supply power to the driving motor. The cam surface on Ithe cam |52 is arranged so that the motor is energized when the rod is in the washing and pumping positions shown in Fig. 3, and is deenergized when the rod is in the off position. When the operating rod is moved to the drying position shown in Fig. 3, the rod is lifted so that the handle |43 can t in the notch 6|c'in projection 8|a. Thismovement lifts the cam |52 so that the depression |55 in the cam is opposite theplunger |53, thereby permitting the motor switch to be closed. If the operating rod is not lifted, the motor switch is held open by the cam |52. When the operating rod is moved from the drying position, it is returned lto the lowered position shown in Fig. 3 by a spring |58 arranged between the upper side of gear |44v and the upper end of casing |4|.

Down-ward movement of the operating rod |39 is limited by a. collar |51 which is pinned to the operating rod and which engages the top of the housing |4|.

The pump 54 is driven from the drive shaft 18 through a collar |58 having an ear |59 which engages one of Ithe pins |80 on the rotatable part of centrifugal clutch 19. 'Ihe collar |58 is splined on the pump shaft |6| and is spring biased toward .the connecting position. 'I'he collar |58 is moved from this position by a lever |62 having forked arms |63 which fit over the collar |58 and engage a ange |84 on the collar. The upper end of lever |82 is fixed to a rock shaft |65 which is carried on the under side of the base in a bracket |66.y A strip |81, which is fixed to the rock shaft, bears on the under side of a plate |68 carried by the base and provides a stop for lever |62, so positioning it that it is out of contact with flange |84 when the pump is running. The rear end of the rock shaft terminates in a crank arm |69, which is connected by rod |10 to one end of a. lever |1|. The lever 1| is pivoted intermediate its ends on a pin |12 carried on the under side of the base.

The front' end of lever |1I carries a pin |12a which ilts in a slot |13 in lever |41. The pin 12a is biased against the right hand edge of slot |13 by a tension spring |14- connected to the rear end of lever |1|. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the pin |12a is in the enlarged portion |15 oi slot |13 and, in this position, the pump is driven lby the drive shaft 18. When the control rod is moved to the off or to the dry" positions on dial |40, the pin |12a enters the narrow portion of slot |13 and in this position the lever |62 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction by the rod |10 and moves the collar |58 away from the connecting position. In this position, the pump remains stationary.

In the use of the washing machine, the handle |43 on the control rod |39 is moved to the position marked pump on the dial |40. In this position, the switchl |54 is closed energizing the driving motor and the pin |12a on lever |1| is in the enlarged portion |15 of slot |13, as shown in Fig. 3 so the pump is rotated by the drive shaft 18. Water is nextintroduced into the rtatable receptacle 22 until water is pumped from the lower -part of stationary tub 1 through the the rack. operating cam |04 permits the 'adjusting plate 91 to be moved to the left, as viewed in Fig. 3, by spring and the cam slot 99 inthe adjusting plate co-operates with the pin 94 on the guiding bracket 89 to move the rack into engagement with pinion 88. 'I'his causes the shaftl 20 and the agitator connected thereto to be oscillated to effect working of -the clothes.l

At the start of this oscillation, .the projection 46 on the under side of the agitator may engage the block 41 on the bottom-wall of the receptacle. Sincel the projection 46 is carried by the brake shoe 44, the impact will cause the brake shoe to slip relative to the agitator and the receptacle will not receive the full force of the impact. 'Ihis impact will cause the receptacle to move to a position in which the projection 46 no longer engages the block 41, and the receptacle will remain, in this position and substantially stationary y throughout the oscillation of the agitator. Since the pump is running continuously during the washing operation, an excess of liquid is being introduced into the receptacle from stationary tub'1.

When the 'clothes vare clean, the handle |43 is movedin a clockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 3 through the pump and ofi positions to the position marked "dry" on the projection 6|a. When the handle reaches the position marked pump on the dial |40, the rack control cam |04 is moved to the position shown in Fig. 15. In this position, the cam engages the roller |03 on the Aadjusting plate 91 and moves the adjusting plate totheright, as viewed in Fig. 3. This causes the guiding bracket 69 to be pivoted in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby moving the rack out of engagement with the pinion 88. At this time, the oscillation of the agitator ceases although the rack cwrtinues its reciprocation. When the handle reaches the oil position, the cam |52 at the lower end of the operating rod opens the switch |54 and deenergizes the motor and the pump is disconnected from shaft 18. Just after the handle passes the ofi position, the lclutch control cam ||5 is moved to a position in which the bell crank ||0 moves the clutch collar |01 into engagement with the gear 8| under the action o1 spring 6. Since the motor is deenergized, the drive shaft' 18 is stationary at this time and there is Vno danger of injuring the clutchV by this operation. During the latterpart of the movement or the handle from the ofi position to the dry position, the-handle is lifted into notch 6 Ic, and when the handle reaches the dry position, the operating plunger |53 of motor switch |54 rests in depression |55 of cam |52, closing switch |54 and energizing the motor. As soon as the motor reachesla predetermined speed, the centrifugal clutch 19 completes the driving vconnection between the motor and drive shaft 16, and the vertical shaft 2'0 is rotated.v

During this movement, the projection 46 on the under sige of the agitator engages the block 41 carried by the receptacle and causes the receptacle to be rotated.- When the shaft 20 reaches a speed of about 100 R. P. M., there-is a critical i vibration of the shaft about the resilient mounting provided by rubber rings and I4. There is no other critical vibration of the shaft between this'speed and 1150 R. P. M. which is the normal running speed. During the rotation of receptacle, the liquid in the clothes is thrown by centrifugal force to the sidewalls of the receptacle and ows over the upper edge of the receptacle. The annular guard ring 49 keeps the clothes within the receptacle during .this extracting operation. The liquid which is discharged from the receptacle is collected in the bottom part of stationary tub 1 and remains there since the pump is not running.

When the clothes have been suicientlydried, thehandle |43 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction to the oil position, thereby deenergizing the motor and disconnecting the clutch collar I 01 from the gear 8|. When the handle reaches this position, the brake cam |33 is in the position shown in Figs. 1l and 16 in which pin |32 is opposite slot |31 in the cam. When the cam reaches this position, the brake shoe ||1 is moved to the position shown in Fig. 11 by the spring |21. 'Ihe brake drum 66 which is connected to the shaft 20 is now rotating at about 1150 R. P. M., in the-direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 11. The frictional torque exerted by the brake drum on the brake shoe vmoves thev brake shoe in a clockwise direction to the position shown in Fig. 12. In this position, the brake shoe is held against the surface of the brake drum by the-prestressed spring |23. This spring exerts a large force on the brake shoe so that the braking force exerted on the brake drum quickly brings the tub to rest. While the brake shoe is in the position shown in Fig. 12,`the pin |32 on lever |30 is held within the slot |31.' 'I'his holds the cam shaft in this position and prevents movement of the operating rod |39. It is, therefore,

'not possible to move the control rod to either the agitator were oscillated while'the tub was rotating. The brake remains in the position shown in Fig, 12 until the rotation of the tub stops. At this time, the frictional torque exerted on the brake shoe decreases to zero, and the spring |23 returns the brake shoe to the position shown in Fig. 11. Duringthe return movement, the spring |34 moves the arm |30 so that the pin |32 is moved clear' oi' slot |31.

The clothes are now dried and may be removed. If the washing solution in the bottom of tub 1 is to be re-used, the handle I 43 is moved to the pumping position, and the solution is pumped through pipes 55 and 53 to the tub 22. Another batch of clothing may now be put in the tub 22, and the washing and extracting operations described above may be repeated. If the washing solution in the tub is not to be used again, the pipe 53 is pivoted in the pipe 55 so that it discharges` to a drain and the solution is pumped to the drain.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: 1. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake for .retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means controlled by said brake means for preventing rotation of said receptacle by said driving means until rotation of said receptacle has substantially stopped.

2. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake for retarding the rotation ofsaid receptacle, a control lever for controlling said driving means and said brake means, and means controlled by said brake means for holding said lcontrol lever in the braking position until rotation of said receptacle has substantially stopped.

3. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, an agitator in said receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein and for oscillating said agitator in said receptacle for washing, means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means controlled by said brake means for preventing rotation .of said receptacle or oscillation of said agitator by said driving means until rotation of said receptacle has substantially stopped.

4. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including abrake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means controlled by the frictional .torque on said brake means for preventing rotation of said receptacle by said driving means until rotation of said receptacle has substantially stopped.

5. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, an agitator in said receptacle, means for oscillating said agitatqr 'in said receptacle for washing, means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means controlled by the frictional torque on said brakeY means for preventing oscillation of said agitator bysaid oscillating means until rotation of said receptacle has substantially stopped.

6. In a Washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein,

means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake arm carrying a brake shoe, means moving said brake arm for initially moving said brake shoe'into contact with the braking surface of said drum, means utilizing the torque due to the frictional force exerted on said brake shoe by said brake drum for further moving said brake shoe against said brake drum, and spring means for resisting this further movement of the brake shoe and for returning said brake shoe to the initial position when the frictional torque decreases to a predetermined value.

7. 'In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake shoe, movably mounted carrying means for said brake shoe arranged to permit movement of said brake shoe away from the braking surface of said drum, said carrying means being movable by the frictional torque exerted on said brake shoe by said drum and arranged to Wedge said brake shoe against the braking surface of said drum by this movement, means including a spring for resisting the movement of said brake shoe away from the braking surface of said drum and for limiting the pressure between said brake shoe and said brake drum, means for moving said carrying means to relieve the brakeA pressure when the friction torque decreases to a predetermined value, and means for moving said brake shoe into contact with the braking surface of said drum for initiating the braking action.

8. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake shoe, carrying means for said brake shoe movable by the frictional torque exerted on said brake shoe to wedge said brake shoe against the braking surface of said drum, means including a spring for limiting the pressure between said brake shoe and said brake drum and for moving said brake shoe to release the brake pressure when the friction torque decreases to a predetermined value, and means for moving said brake shoe into contact with said brake drum for initiating the brake action.

9. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake shoe, a pivoted brake arm for'carrying said brake shoe, said brake arm being movable by the frictional torque exerted on said brake shoe in a direction to Wedge said brake shoe against the braking surface of said brake drum, said brake shoe being 'movable relative to said brake arm away from the braking surface of said drum, a spring for limiting the pressure between said brake shoe and said drum and for moving said brake arm in the direction to relieve the braking pressure when the frictional torque decreases to a predetermined value, means including a cam for moving said brake arm to a position in which said brake shoe is in contact with the braking surface of said brake drum, and means for preventing further movement of said cam until the frictional torquel on saidbrake shoe decreases to a predetermined Value.

10. In a washing machine, a rotatable recep-4 tacle,'a Vertical shaft for rotating saidreceptacle to extract liquid from the material ycontained therein, a brake drum connected to said shaft, a sleeve surrounding said drum, a gear casing carried by said sleeve having gearing therein for rotating said shaft, a brake adapted to engage said drum and carried by said sleeve for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and a cam shaft carried by said gear casing for controlling said brake and said gearing.

11. In a washing machine, a receptacle for receiving liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in said receptacle, a gear casing having driving means therein for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein and for moving said agitator relative to said tub for washing, braking means for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means including a cam shaft carried by said casing for controlling said driving and braking means.

12. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extr-act liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake for vretarding the rotation of said receptacle, a control lever for controlling said driving means and said brake means, and means responsive to the braking force exerted by said brake means for holding said control lever in the braking position until rotation of the receptacle has substantially stopped.

13. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means lincluding a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a controll lever for controlling'said driving means and said brake means, and means responsive to the braking force exerted by'said brake means for preventing controlling of said driving means until rotation of said receptacle is substantially stopped.

14. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating the receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake arm carrying a brake shoe, means moving said brake arm for moving said brake shoe into cont-act with the brakingv surface of said drum, and means utilizing the torque due to the frictional lforce exerted on said brake shoe by said brake drum for locking said brake arm in the braking position until the frictional torque decreases to a predef rotation of said receptacle, a brake arm carrying termined value.

15. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein. means including a brake drum for retarding the a brake shoe, a cam co-operating with 'said brake arm to move the brake shoe into contact with the braking surface of said drum, said cam and said brake arm having co-operating parts for locking the brake arm in the braking position, and means for utilizing the torque'v due to the frictional force exerted on said brake shoe by said brake drum-for -eiecting engagement of said co-operating parts to lock said brake arm in the braking position.

16. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating the receptacle to extract 'liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for re-- tarding the rotation of the receptacle, a brake shoe. means for moving said brake shoe into contact with the braking surface of said drum.

cam means for controlling said braking and said driving means, and means utilizing the frictional force exerted on said brake shoe by said brake drum for opposing movement of said cam means to control said driving means until the frictional force decreases to a predetermined value.

17. In awashing machine, a rotatable' receptacle, a gear casing having a vertical shaft car- .ried therein and having gearing therein for rotating said shaft, means including said shaft for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from ing, means including said gearing for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, braking means carried by said casing for retarding the rotation of the receptacle, and means including a cam shaft carried by the gear casing for controlling said gearlng `and said braking means.

19. In a Washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein. means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means controlled by said brake means for opposing rotation of said receptacle by said driving means-during the high speed rotation of the receptacle.

20. In a washing machine, a rotatable recepi tacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a control lever for controlling said driving means, and means controlled by said brake means for holding said control lever in the braking position until rotation of said receptacle has substantially-stopped.

21. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle for receiving liquid and material to be washed, mechanism for effecting washing in Athe receptacle and for rotating the receptacle at high speed to extract liquid from the material contained therein, brake means for retarding the rotation of the receptacle, and means controlled by said brake means for opposing operation of said mechanism during the high speed rotation of the receptacle.`

22. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle for receiving liquid and material to be Washed, mechanism for effecting Washing in the receptacle and for rotating the receptacle at high speed to extract liquid from the material contained therein, brake means for retarding the rotation of the receptacle, and means controlled by the frictional torque on said brake means for opposing operation of said mechanism during the high speed rotation of the receptacle. l23. In a washing machine, a rotatable recep-v tacle, driving means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, an agitator in said receptacle, means for moving the agitator relative to the receptacle for washing, means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, and means controlled by the frictional torque on said brake means for opposing operation of the agitator during rotation of the receptacle.

24. In a Washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for lretarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake shoe, carrying means for said brake shoe movable by the frictional torquefexerted on said brake shoe to wedge said brake shoe against the braking surface of said'drum,spring means opposing the movement of brake shoe carrying means by the frictional torque, and means for moving said brake shoe into contact with said brake drum for initiating -the brake action.

25. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, means for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of said receptacle, a brake shoe, a pivoted brake arm for carrying said brake shoe, said brake arm being movable by the frictional torque exerted on said brake shoe in a direction to wedge said brake shoe against the braking surface of said brake drum, said brake shoe being movable relative to said brake arm away from the braking surface of said drum, and a spring for limiting the pressure between said brake shoe and said drum and for moving said brake arm in the direction to relieve the braking pressure when the frictional torque decreases to a predetermined value 26. In a washing machine, a rotatable receptacle, driving means for effecting washing in the receptacle and for rotating the receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means including a brake drum for retarding the rotation of the receptacle, a brake shoe, means for moving said brake shoe into contact with the braking surface of said drum, cam means for controlling said braking and said driving means, and `means utilizing the frictional force exerted on said brake shoe by said brake drum-for opposing movement of said cam means to control said driving means until the frictional force decreases to a predetermined value.

27. In a Washing machine, a receptacle for receiving liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in said receptacle, a gear casing having gearing therein, means including said gearing effecting washing in the receptacle and for rotating said receptacle to extract liquid from the material contained therein, braking means carried by said casing for-retarding the rotation of the receptacle, and means including a cam shaft carried by the gear casing for controlling said gearing and said braking means.

28. In a combined washing and drying machine, a rotatable receptacle for receiving material to be washed, a washing element therein, a shaft extending along the axis of the receptacle having driving connections to the Washing element and receptacle whereby upon rotation of the shaft at high speed the receptacle is rotated for extracting and upon rotation of the shaft at a lower speed the washing element is operated for washing, driving mechanism for operating the ,shaft at washing and extracting speeds, means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle at the conclusion of the extracting operation, and means controlled by said brake means for preventing operation of said shaft at its washing speed by said driving mechanism until said rotation of the receptacle has substantially stopped.

29. In a combined washing and drying mathe shaft at high speed the receptacle is rotated for extracting and upon rotation of the shaft.v

at a lower speed the washing element is operated for washing, driving mechanism for operating the shaft at washing and extracting speeds, means including a brake for retarding the rotation of said receptacle at'the conclusion of .the extracting operation, and means controlled by the frictional torque on said brake for preventing operation of said shaft at its washing speed bysaid driving mechanism until said rotation of the receptacle' has substantially stopped.

30. In a combined washing and drying machine, a shaft, a rotatable receptacle for receiving material to be washed surrounding the shaft, a washing element in the receptacle connected to the shaft, driving mechanism for selectively oscillating the shaft at a low speed and rotating the shaft at a high speed, a driving connection from the shaft to the receptacle effective during rotation of the shaft to rotate the recepacle for extracting, a brake acting on the shaft for retarding rotation of the receptacle at the conclusion of the extracting operation, and means controlled by said brake for preventing oscillation of the shaft by said driving mechanism until rotation of the receptacle has substantially stopped. v

31. In a washing machine, a vertical shaft, a receptacle for receiving liquid and material to be washed having a hub rotatably surrounding the upper end of the shaft, a Washing element in the receptacle movable relative thereto, a thrust bearing between the receptacle hub and the shaft for supporting the receptacle on the shaft, a guide bearing for the receptacle, said bearings journaling the receptacle in rotatable relation to the shaft and being spaced apart sufficiently to prevent tipping of the receptacle, a driving connection between the washing element and the receptacle by rotation of the shaft relative to the receptacle to agitate the liquid and material therein for washing, a driving connection between the shaft and the receptacle for rotating the receptacle for extracting, and means resiliently supporting the shaft for gyratory movement about its lower end whereby the receptacle may rotate about its center of mass during extracting.

32. In a combined washing and drying machine, a receptacle for receiving liquid and material to be washed adapted for rotation on a vertical axis'to centrifugally extract liquid from the material contained therein, a casing serving as a storage tank having suilicient space below the receptacle during extracting to store the liquid contents of the receptacle, an agitator in the receptacle, a vertical agitator shaft for operating the agitator to agitate the liquid and material for washing, a thrust bearing between the agitator shaft and the receptacle for supporting the receptacle on the shaft, a guide bearing for the receptacle, said bearings journaling the re- .ceptacle in rotatable relation to the shaft and being spaced apart sufficiently to prevent tipping o! the receptacle, a driving connection between for resiliently supporting the agitator shaft and receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the driving mechanism and to the casing whereby the receptacle mu rotate about its center oi' mass during extracting. v

GEORGE W. DUNEAM.

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