US2376802A - Endless traction tread mechanism for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

May 22,1945.

M. W. MORSE ENDLESS TRACTION TREAD MECHANISM FOR VEHI CLES Filed April 10, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet l y 22, 1 M. w. MORSE 2,376,802

ENDLESS TRACTION TREAD MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES Filed A pr i l 1.0, 1942 s Sheets-Shet 2 Z5 \0 \B J 20 F1 8. 6

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ENDLESS TRACTION TREAD MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES FiledApril 10, 1,942 s Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig. 7

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Patented May 22 1945 UNITED. STATES ENDLESS TRACTION TREAD MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES Malcolm W. Morse, Boston, Mass. Application April 10, 1942, Serial lilo. 438,387

14 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in endless traction treads for vehicles having alined wheels or alined pairs of wheels mounted on parallel axles.

In usual types of endless traction tread mechanism for vehicles an endless tread 'member,

formed of a plurality of flexibly connected plates,

extends around the peripheries of two or more aligned wheels, andds provided with means to be effectively engaged by the driven wheel or wheels, usually in the form of a sprocket or sprockets fixedly mounted upon such wheels or the axles thereof, so that th tread is positively and continuously driven.

The object of the invention is to provide an endless tread or belt for any type of v hm ing alined wheels or pairs of alined wheels mounted on parallel axles in which the wheels are provided with pneumatic tires or other types of tires with the belt or tread extending around the alined wheels in such manner that it will be pro gressively laid down as an endless track to provide a continuous partially rigid tread having an extended area of contact with the terrain throughout the wheel base between the foremost and rearmost alinedwheels and in which the belt is provided with side members, such as flanges,

which will pass progressively alongside the tires of the wheels to minimize side slippage of the Wheels upon the tread and also restrain the wheels from overriding the edge of the tread and 'thereby becoming detached therefrom.

In other words the object of the invention is to provide an endless tread for vehicles having in eifect a groove or grooves to embrace the tires of the alined wheels and so constructed as to provide an endless, partially rigid track which will act as the vehicle-is being driven as a progressively laid temporary corduroy road which will provide. a substantially I continuous terrain-engaging area of support between the alined wheels" whichwill greatly increase the terrain surface contact over the area of contact of the pneumatic or other tires or individual wheels, thereby providing a suitable support which will enable 45 the vehicle to be driven readily over snow, icy surfaces, loose sand, soft or rough ground, or over obstructions lying in the path of th vehicle. The tread mechanism of the present invention differs from that of the prior art in that the progressively laying down of the track instead of bei produced by positively driven sprocket mechanism or the like is produced by the frictional traction and'torque accomplished through the contact and grip of the inner surfaces of the tread and to some degree by the inside of the flanges in their wrap-around said wheels in the arc of contact with the driving wheel or wheels and also by the pinching action and rotation of and where said tread contacts terrain over'whlch the vehicle is passing. where one or more of the alined wheels, are idler wheels, including intermediate idler wheels known as Lally wheels, such 10 from the driving wheel or wheels which is imparted to the idler or Lally wheel or wheels through the arc of contactof the tread engaging the periphery and to some extent the side wall portions of the flanges with the ,tires oi. the idler wheels thus causing them to impart motive force and action to the vehicle through. action upon the tread when'only .part of said tread may engage the terrain underathe vehicle and with the weight of the vehicle partly or entirely supported by the idler wheel or wheels at one or both sides of the vehicle. V

More specifically the object of the present inventlon is to provide an endless tread of the character described having a longitudinal groove or grooves to receive the pneumaticor other tires of the vehicle which is formed by flanges extending aloneside the sides of the tires, and where dual wheels are employed alonside the adjacent sides of the tires of the dual wheels in such proximity thereto as properly to guide the endless tread member around the respective wheels.

A further object of the invention is to provide flexible endless members of shorter length than that of the body of the tread forconti'nuously and positively supporting the side members or flanges in suchmanner as to hold them'in proximity to the sides of the respective tires andthereby to limit sidewise slippage of the wheels .on the body 40 of the tread member and to prevent the wheels from overriding an edge of the tread.

' endless tread of the character'described with longitudinally extending flexible endless inextenslble reenforcing members certain oi which are adiacent to bases of the side flanges of the belt, and thereby reenforce'the edge portions orthe belt and the flanges extending upwardly therefrom.

A further object of the invention is to provide a traction tread of the character described which is constructed of a series of independent sections arranged end to end and provided with inwardly extending flanges having suitably tapered edge portions to permit the sections properly to 66 pass around the alined wheels, the bodies of the the driving wheel or wheels upon the tread when I wheels are caused to rotate by the driving force sections being releasably connected together to permit replacement worn-sections and to provide easy adaptability of the belt to vehicles having "varying distances'between the axle centers and varying sizes of tires which would require special length of belt, the flanges being connected to an adjustable endless flexible member of such shorter length than that of the endless tread as to maintain the flanges in proximity to the 4 sides of the tires of therespective wheels, the

' aavaeoa f 1 tires.

mg a body 0? around and substantially fitting the tread of the tires of the alined wheels and provided with side members such as flanges extending inwardly from the body alongside opposite sides or each of said The invention broadly comprises a novel endless tread of 'the character abovedescribed adapted to provide an extended tread surface for alined wheels, whether the alined wheels are single, dual or multiple, or whether the tread extends also around intermediate wheels and whether the tread is of endless integral construc-- tion or formed or abutting sections.

While the endless tread forming the subject matter of the invention in its broad scope is applicable to many known types of vehicles,machines, movable apparatus, equipment, and the like,"having alined wheels, either single, dual or multiple, having .single, dual or multiple tires, it is suggested that among others it is applicable to rear wheels alined in tandem for motorcycles,

I for mobile gun carriages, carriages of anti-airfor the respective alined wheels so joined to-' gether as to provide anendless unitary construction, I

These and other objects-and features of the invention will more fully appear from the followa ing description and the accompanying drawings and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in

Y which,

Fig. 1 is a-side elevation of an endless traction tread for vehicles formed ofconnected abutting sections and-embracing the tires of alined wheels;

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of a modified form of the invention in which the endless traction belt is of flexible material andof integral construction;

Fig. 3, is a. vertical sectional view of one of the pairs of dual wheels with an endless tread embodyin the invention and embracing the tread and side walls of thetires of the wheels;

. Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinal sectional view of a plurality of sections of an endless tread for alined wheels of vehicles showing the manner in which the sections are connected, by flexible reenforcing members and the m as for guiding the.

upper portions of the flanges d for maintaining pairs of wheels, and some times one or more pairs of idler or Lally wheels to provide additional the flanges in engagement with the sides of .the

tires of the alined wheels:

Fig. 5 is a detail illustration of two of the sections of the endless tread having different means for guiding the flanges and maintaining them in contact with the sides of the tires of the alined wheels;

Fig. 6 is a detail cross sectional view of less tread for single alined wheels: m Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modified form of endless tread applied to alined vehicle wheels Fig. 8 is an enlarged transverse sectional view an endcraft guns, under carriages of heavy airplanes or amphibian planes and various trucks and vehicles. Installation of grooved or multi-grooved tread assemblies are also applicable to many of these same types of vehicles having dual or multiwheels alined in tandem'with dual or multi-tired installations on each wheel. The invention is particularly adaptable to heavy vehicles, machines and the like,-whether one or more wheels or pairs'of alined wheels are positively driven or motivated by other propelling power such as that propelling an airplane 'or by being towed or otherwise propelled.

In constructions of vehicles for carrying heavy loads it is increasingly usual to have two pairs of rear wheels, either of single or dual wheel construction, with means for driving one or both support for the load are installed on axles in parallelism to the axles of the driving wheels with the idler or Lally wheels in alinement with the driving wheels; Where constructions of this character are provided it frequently occurs that the driving wheels may slip on snow, ice, muddy o'rsandy terrain, etc., in such manner as to lose driving traction, or the driving wheels may dig into the surface ,of the terrain to such a degree that they cease to bear much or any of the weight of the load which has become shifted to'the idler or Lally 'wheels which of themselves have no means of rotation. The endless tread of the of one of the sections of the endless treadon line 8-8 Fig. '7, illustrating portions of the vehicle wheels in dotted lines;

h Fig. 9 is a similar view of another modified of the invention: and,

Fig. 10 is a transverse view of another modifled embodiment of the invention in which the endless tread and side members are in the form of form . chains.

The invention as illustrated comprises an endless traction tread for vehicles having alined wheels provided with tires having a tractional periphery which comprises an endless belt havpresent invention provides a substantially continuous terrain-engagin area of support between the alined wheels, including the Lally wheels, andthe terrain which will greatly increase the terrain surface contact over. and above the area of con-v tact of the individual wheels, and will provide Sun flclent tractional grip between the idler wheels or Lally wheels and the terrain which together with the tractional grip between the tires of the driving wheels in their area of contact with the insides of the treads oi the belt and the flanges of the'sectional units or the tread and flanges of the integral belt construction as will develop sufficient tractional grip and torque as to cause the idler or Lally wheels to propel thevehicle irrespective of the character of the terrain being traversed.

The construction shown in the drawings illusv trat-es various adaptations of the invention.

As illustrated in Fig. 1 the endless tread, which thick flexible material extending matic or other tires of the alined wheels.

' like.

Each ofthe sections is provided at its edges with upwardly extending flanges forming a groove or grooves to receive the peripheries of the pneu- The cave'steel we sections which are suitably bolted to the hub of a shaft 13 and are provided with cylindrical peripheries l4 which are welded to channel steel rims I5. Pneumatic tire casings I! are secured to the rims in the well known manner and are maintained in expanded position by usual pneumatic tubes ll. The tires may be of flanges extend alongside the sides of the respective tires but are not intended to have such frictional engagement therewith as to produce substantial wear of the tires or flanges during normal operation of the tread. The flanges of the respective sections are provided with upwardly converging edge portions so constructed as to permit the body of the endless tread to bend snugly around the outermost of the alined wheels. Endless members of shorter length than the body or tread portion of the endless belt extend through or are connected to the upper portions of \the flanges and serve to hold the flanges in upright position thereby to minimize the tendency of side slippage of the vehicle wheels on the belt and to preventthe wheels from overriding the flanges and thereby becoming detached from the belt.

Fig. 2 illustrates a similar embodiment of the invention in which the endless belt is of continuoueintegral construction, such as reenforced rubber composition with flanges integral therewith having upwardly converging edges, and it will be understood that this construction is applicable to a plurality ofsingle alined wheels or to dual alined wheels, as shown in Fig. 3, or alinement. r

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 the rear frame of the vehicle '(not shown) is provided with a-plurality of pairs of dual rear wheels I and 2 each having similar tires 3 and 4 preferably of the pneumatic type. The traction tread comprises a series of sections abutting at their ends to provide a substantially continuous terrain-engaging area between the alinedwheels, each section having a-thick body portion 5 of rubber or rubber composition reenforced by heavy fabric 0 strong cords as in some known types of heavy du y industrial belting or which may be composed of other flexible, partly flexible material, or rigid material. The body desirably is provided with a roughened tread surface 6 of any suitable design, such as is employed in casings of'automobile tires, and preferably also with a roughened surface I for engagement with the tires of the vehicle. The body of each section is provided with integral flanges 8 and 9 adapted respectively to lie alongside the outerjsurfaces of to multiple wheels in any usual character and desirably are provided with ribbed traction surfaces of any suitable design adapted to cooperate with. the roughened surfaces 1 of the tread.

Desirably the endless tread is reenforced by preferably inextensible flexible members I 9, 20 and 25, which are embedded -in or extend through alined tubular apertures with or without short bushings, or other means to prevent wear on either or both the walls of the apertures and of the inextensible members, in the body of the tread adjacent to the bases of the flanges 8 and Qwhich desirably conform generally to the surfaces of the sides of the respective tire casings.

As illustrated in Fig. 3 the central flange I0 is of general V-shape to conformto the adjacent surfaces of the tire casing. Preferably the grooves formed by the flanges 8, 9 and I0 aresuch as to avoid undue friction and. wear between the adjacent surfaces of the flanges and the tire casings.

Inasmuch as the flanges of the endless traction tread are required to pass concentrically around the respective alined wheels the ends of the respective flanges are provided with inclined surfaces 2| and 22 (Figs. 1, 2 and 7), which will enable the body and flanges to conform to the circular contour of the tires of the wheels but which will spread apart as successive sections of the tread leave one wheel and pass horizontally to the other. Where the endless tread is formed of a series of abutting sections the lower edge portions of each section may be provided with more steeply inclined walls 23 and 24, whereas if the endless tread is of flexible material, and of continuous integral construction, the inclined edges 2| and 22 may extend only to the body of the tread member, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

As illustrated in Fig. 3, in which the endless tread is provided with a central flange 10, an

' additional endless flexible reenforcing member 25,

similar 'to the endless members (9 and 20, ex-

tends longitudinally of the central base portion longitudinally extending integral flange l0 pre'ferably of equal height and conformng to and lying alongside the adjacent inner sides of the tires of the respective wheels.

Where two or more single alined wheels are employedthe endless tread may be of U-shaped cross section as illustrated in Fig. 6.

and if desired the body of the endless tread may be provided with other similar intermediate reenforcing members. Where the endless tread is -made .of a series of sections the several sections are assembled upon inextensible flexible members such as the cables or chains I9, 20 and 25 which are preferably located in the body at or below the I bases of the flanges 8, 9 and I0 and suitable couplings of anywell known type may be provided for connecting the ends. of the cables or chains at the junction of one or more pairs of adjacent sections.

Suitable flexible inextensible members, such as cables or chains, pass. through the alined upper end portions of the flanges. They also may be embedded, in the material but desirably are provided with suitable wear-preventing means, such as flexible bushings similar to the well-known BX cable, or short bushings, or embedded sheaves, or other means, which are sufficiently movable longitudinally of the shorter inextensible member as not to interfere with the flexibility of the flanges as they pass around the respective wheels.

4 As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, each 'of the flanges 8, 9 and I of the respective sections is provided near its upper end with an aperture containing a short bushing 28 through which a cable or chain 21 extends, the cables 'or chains being of such shorter length than the cables or chains [9, and 25 as to maintain the flanges in upright position relatively. to the base of the tread and thereby to restrain lateral slippage of the wheels upon the endless tread and also to prevent the wheels from overriding the edges becoming detached therefrom. I

Suitable detachable coupling means, such as iusual detachable links, may be provided for connecting the ends of the chains at the junctions 10f one or'more adjacent sections in, order to per- ;mit assemblage of the endless tread upon the lalinedwheels and to permit detachment and replacement of an injured section.

3 Various other forms of construction may be provided for connecting the upper end portion of the flanges to a suitable cable or chain, "one of which is illustrated in Fig. 5 in which rings 28 desirably of triangular or circular form is partially embedded in the upper end portion of the irespectiv'e flanges. The chains 29, which are connected thereto, are slidably suspended upon a suitable chain .or cable of such shorter length than that of the body of the tread member so as to maintain the fla ges in upright position with relation thereto an to permit relative movement lot the chains 29 longitudinally of the cable 30 when passing around the wheels. j Another embodiment of the invention. which is illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8, comprises an endless tread formed of assembled sections of suitable material each of which is provided with a body 3| of suitable thickness desirably having a central flange 32 extending longitudinally thereor adapted to extend between the adjacent sides of the tires of dual wheels in .a manner similar to the central flange l0 heretofore described with respect to Figs. 1 and 3.

of the respective sections and links 34, whichare partially embedded in the respective sectionsin proximity to the ends thereof embrace the cables 33 and extend beyond the edges of the respective sections. The links 34 of adjacent sections are connected by a link '35 which in turn is connected to a chain 36 the uppermost link of which is slidably mountedupon an endless cable or chain 31 of such shorter length than that of the body portion of the traction tread as will hold the chains 38 vertically. The endless cables or chains 31 guide the side chains 36 alongside the outer surfaces of the'tires and minimize sidewise slipping of the wheels upon the tread section and prevent the wheels from edges of the b y of the tread.

The upper portion of the central flange desirably is also provided with an endless flexible cable or chain 38 which will reenforce the flange 32 and maintain it in vertical position. The central "flange 32 thus aids in preventing side sfipoverriding the page of the wheels upon the body'of the tread. 1 A modification or the construction shown in Figs. '7 and 8 is illustrated in Fig. 9 in which transverse chains 38 are preferably embedded in each of'the sections adjacent the ends thereof and extend through the edges ofthe. respective sections. The adjacent sections may be connected together by suitable links 40 similar to the. links "(on the construction illustrated in .76

the links 40 to an inextensible cable or chain 42 of such shorter .length than that of the assembled .body sections of the tread as will main- 5 tain the links 4| in vertical position alongside the of the tread and outer sides of the wheels, as described in respect to Figs. 7 and 8. In this construction a central vertical chain 43, a portion of which isembedded in the central flange 44 of each or the sections,

tion of the transverse chain 38 and at its upper chains or cables 42. I

. Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 10 which differs from the construction shown in Fig.9 mainly by theomission of the terrain-engaging material of the several sections in which the cross chains 39 are embedded... The tread construction is shown in Figalo as applied to dual wheels of the character illustrated l in Figs. 1 and 3 and comprises a series of loops 4 of cross chains supported in suitably spaced re-- lation by inextensibl flexible members so that.

the cross chains are adapted successively to pass which are driven.

side section 46, a tread section 41, and aninner side section 48. side sections 46 of the loops are fixedly secured in suitably uniformly spaced relation, as illustrated in Fig. 7, to inextensible endless cables or chains 49 and the upper ends ofthe inner'looped section 48 are likewise fixedly connected n cor,- respondlngly spaced relation to'a comm n endless cable or chain 50. The cross chains are of such length as to cause the loops substantially to fltthe tread surfaces and portions of the sides of "mity to the side edges and adjacent the ends the tires ofthe wheels as they successively pass around the wheels as the vehicle is being driven. Desirably the links at the junction of the outer side sections 48 with the respective tread sections 41. of the chain loops are-fixedly connected to endless inextensible flexible members 5!. Desirably, but not necessarily, the links at the junction of the inner side members 48 with the tread members 41 are connected by chains 52 to an endless inextensible cable or chain 53 of the same length as the endless cables or chains 5|.

By reason of this construction an endless tread is provided in which the inextensible members 5| and 52, together with the tread sections 41 of the chain loops, provideefiective areas of contact throughout the length of the wheel base which will produce sufilcient tractive engagement with the terrain to insureproper propulsion of the vehicle irrespective of the character of the-terrain over which the vehicle is driven. The side sections 46 and 48 of the chain loops, which are suspended respectively from the endless inexten- 'ible members 48 and 58 also serve. to restrain s dewise slippage of the 'wheels on the terraingaging sections 41 of the loops. Thus the embodiment ofthe invention illustrated in Fig. 10 contains. the essential features of the invention heretofore described with respectto the other embodiments of the invention. 1

It will be understood that the particular embodiments of the invention shown and described herein are of an illustrative character and that various modifications in construction may be made within the spirit and scope of the-following claims.

is connected at its lower end to the central poraround'the foremost and rearmost tires of the alined wheels of the vehicle, one or more pairs of I I,

'The upper ends of the outer.

tending inwardly from the respective ends of said sections adapted to pass alongside the sides of the wheels and continuous inextensible flexible members of relatively shorter length than that of said tread slidably connected -to the upper portions of said side members acting to hold the side members in such proximity to the wheels a to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels on the tread members or disengagementtherefrom.

2. A traction tread for vehicleshaving a pair of dual wheels alined in tandem provided with vtires having a tractional periphery which comprises flexible endless terrain-engaging tread body mounted in said bushings acting to hold the flanges in proximity to the sides of the respective tires, thereby to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels on said bcdyor detachment therefrom.

5. A traction tread for vehicles having alined wheels provided with tires having a tractional periphery which comprises a flexible terrain-engaging tread formed of a series of sections of suitable material connected together by parallel flexible inextensible members imbedded therein adjacent to the tread surfaces. thereof and extendin around and approximately fitting the aligned wheels to provide a progressively laid substantially continuous terrain-engaging area between said, aligned wheels, each of said sections having side members extending inwardly from the terrain-engaging sections adapted to pass alongside the sides of the wheels and inextensible flexible members of relativelyshorter length than the terrain-engaging tread slidably connected to the respective 'side members to permit relative extending around and approximately fitting the' tires of the alined dual wheels and formed of transverse substantially parallel flexible terrainengaging sections, inextensible means fixedly connecting respectively the end portions and the central portions of said sections to form an. endless tread, each of said terrain-engaging sections having members adapted to pass alongside the respective sides of the wheels and continuous inextensible flexible members of relatively shorter length than that of said tread slidably connected to the upper portions of said inwardly extending members acting'to hold s id inwardly extending members in such proxi ity to the outer'and inner sides of the wheels as to prevent slippage of the wheels on the tread members or ,disengagement therefrom. '3. A traction tread for vehicles having aline 'wheels provided with tires having a tractional. periphery which comprises a flexible endless terrain-engaging tread having a body formed of a series of adjacent sections of thick flexible ma-' terial and extending around and approximately fitting the tread of the tires of said alined.

wheels and provided with flanges extending inwardly from said sections alongside opposite sides of each of said tires endless inextensible reenforcing means within said body between the bases of said flanges and the tread surface of said body, and endless inextensible flexible means of shorter length than that of said body slidably connected to upper portions of the respective flanges acting to hold the flanges in proximity to the sides of th respective tires thereby to prevent sidewlse slippage of the wheels on said body or detachment therefrom. v

4. A traction tread for vehicles having alined wheels provided with tires having atractional periphery which comprises a, flexible endless termovement therebetween longitudinally of the shorter inextensible members when said tread sections pass around the wheels and acting to hold the side members in proximity .to the sides of the wheels thereby to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels on the tread or disengagement therefrom. i

6. A traction tread for vehicles having pairs of dual wheels alined in tandem provided with tires having a, tractional periphery and of which at least one of said pairs of dual wheels is driven 'which comprises a flexible endless terrain-engagof said flange sections acting to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels on said tread sections and detachment therefrom.

'7. A traction tread for vehicles having pairs of dual wheels alined in tandem provided with tires having a tractional periphery and of which at least one of said pairs of dual wheels is driven which comprises a flexible endless terrain-engag-' ing tread extending around and approximately fitting the tires of the alined dual wheels and formed in' sections each having a central longitudinally extending tapering flange and inwardly extending tapering flanges adjacent the edges thereof forming grooves substantially conforming to the tires of the respective alined wheels and endless members of relatively shorter length than that of said,tread slidably connected to the upper portions of the respective flanges acting to-pretires of the alined dual wheelsand formed in sectionshaving a-central longitudinally extending taperingfflange substantially conforming to the adJacent inner surfaces of the. respective alined wheels and connected together by'endlels" formed in sections having a central longitudinally inextensible flexible members certain of which are adjacent the edges of said sections, inwardly extending side chains having links' embedded in the respective sections adjacent the edges thereof and endless inextensible members connected at their lower ends to said chains and at their upper ends to inextensible members of such shorter length than said tread as to maintain said side alined wheels thereby to prevent side slippage of. the wheels upon the treadsections and detach-. ment therefrom.

I 9. Atraction tread for vehicles having pairs of, dual wheels alined. in tandem provided with tires having a tractional periphery and of which at least one of said pairs of dual wheels is driven whichcomprises a flexible endless terrain-en gaging tread extending around and approximately fitting the tires of the alined dual wheels and extending tapering flange substantially conforming to the adjacent inner surfaces of the respective alined wheels and' connected together by endless inextensible flexible members, transverse; chains embedded in, said tread sections, side tires having a tractional periphery and of which at least one of said pairs of dual wheels isdriven I which comprises tread sections formed of equally Y spaced chain loops conforming approximately to 3 chains in proximity to the outer sides of thechains having links connected to the end links of the cross chains of adjacent members and connected at their upper ends to inextensible members of such shorter-length than said tread there'- by to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels on said tread sections and detachment therefrom.

10. A traction tread for vehicles having pairs of dual wheels 'alined in tandem provided with tires having a tractional periphery and of which a at least one of said pairs of dual wheels is driven which comprises a flexible endless terrain-engaging tread extending aroundand approximately fitting the tires of the alined dual wheels and formed in sections having a central longitudinally extending tapering flange substantially conforming to the adjacent inner surfaces of the respec tive alined wheels and connected together by endless inextensible flexible members, transverse chains embedded insaid tread v sections, side chains havinglinks connected to the end links of the cross chains of adjacent members, and a central inwardly extending chain embedded in said central flange and endless members -connected to the upper ends of said side chains and a said central chain of such shorter length than saidtread thereby to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels on said tread sections and detachment therefrom.

11.A traction tread for vehicles having pairs 01$ dual wheels alined in tandem provided with t res having a tractional periphery which compris'es tread sections formed of equally spaced i chain loops conforming approximately to the I contours of the tires of the dual wheels, endless inextensible members connecting the respective chain loops together adjacent the junction of the terrain-engaging portions of the respective loops and the outer sides thereof andinextensible mem bers connecting the upper ends of the inner andouter-side members of the respective loops of such shorter length as to cause said side members to conform approximately to the inner and outer 3 side surfaces of the tires thereby to prevent sidewise slippage of the wheels upon the terrain-enging portions of the loops and to prevent de-v tachment of the wheels therefrom.

the contours of the tires of the dual wheels," endless inextensible members connecting the respective chain loops together adjacent the junction of the terrain-engaging portions of'the respective loops and the outer sides thereof andinextn- Y sible members connecting the upper ends of the inner and-outer side members of the respective loops of such shorter length as to cause said side members to conform approximately to the inner and outer side surfaces of the tires thereby to preventsidewise slippage of the wheels upon the terrain-engaging portions of the loops and to prevent detachment ot the wheels therefrom, and supplementary chains connecting the junctions of the inner sections of the side chains with the tread-engaging sections thereof, and endless inextensible members connecting the central portions of the supplementary chains thereby to cause said cross chains to provide in efiect 'grooves' wheels and flexible side members extending vertically inwardly from the terrain-engaging means frictionally engaging the respective sides of the tires at such spaced intervals as to extend substantially radially of the wheels dun'ng their passage around the respective tiresand continuous inextensible members of relatively shorter length than that of the tread slidably connected to the inner ends of said side members acting to hold said side members in such proximity to the inner and outer sides of the respective tires as to prevent sidewiseslippage of the wheels on the tread or disengagement therefrom.

14. A traction tread for vehicles having pairs of dual wheels alined in tandem provided with tires having'a tractional periphery and of which at least one of said pairs, of dual wheels is driven,

' which comprises a; flexible endless tread extending around the tiresof the respective alined pairs of dual wheels having-transversely flexible terrain-engaging means with spaced inextensible flexible endless members located in proximity to the terrain-engaging means and in proximity to the respective sides of each of the tires of the alined wheelsand flexible side members extending vertically inwardly from the terrain-engaging means frictionally engaging respectively the outer i and inner sides of the tires of the dual wheels. 7 at such spaced intervals as to extendsubstantially 12; A'traction tread for vehicles having pairs of dual wheelsalined in tandem provided with radially from the ,wheels during their passage around the respectvie tires and continuous inextensiblemembers of relatively shorter length than that of the tread respectively slidably connected 1 er ends of each of the outerfside members and othe side members extending inwardly alongside the adjacent sides of the dual wheels.

to the MALCOLM W. MORSE.

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