US2654971A - Luminous sign - Google Patents
Luminous sign Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2654971A US2654971A US108911A US10891149A US2654971A US 2654971 A US2654971 A US 2654971A US 108911 A US108911 A US 108911A US 10891149 A US10891149 A US 10891149A US 2654971 A US2654971 A US 2654971A
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- violet
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indigo Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015655 Crocus sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000124209 Crocus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007829 Haematoxylum campechianum Species 0.000 description 1
- BKQMNPVDJIHLPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(=O)(=O)[Se]S(O)(=O)=O Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)[Se]S(O)(=O)=O BKQMNPVDJIHLPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000123069 Ocyurus chrysurus Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000004 White lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium chromate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083898 barium chromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium sulfide Chemical compound [Cd]=S CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012730 carminic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004106 carminic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cr+3] VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080423 cochineal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical compound [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M crystal violet Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- KQSBZNJFKWOQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hystazarin Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(O)=C2 KQSBZNJFKWOQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGIDSJGZGFYYNX-YUAHOQAQSA-N indian yellow Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1OC1=CC=C(OC=2C(=C(O)C=CC=2)C2=O)C2=C1 JGIDSJGZGFYYNX-YUAHOQAQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013974 saffron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004248 saffron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemercury Chemical compound [Hg]=S QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydroxy-oxido-oxosilane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O[Si]([O-])=O.O[Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
Definitions
- This invention relates to a luminousv sign and particularly to a sign having different appearances under ultra-violet, visible light and a combination of the two.
- the invention in general, provides for a picture or display of luminous paint material over which may be superimposed a more r less conventional picture.
- a display embodying the present invention is characterized by remarkable depth as Well as substantial brightness under ultra-violet light simultaneously with the showing of a conventional picture under visible light.
- a display It is essential that a display have substantial visibility as regards the luminous portion under moderate intensity of ultra-violet light and that such luminous picture compare favorably in intensity with visible light reected from more or less conventional paint surfaces.
- the invention in general, contemplates the use of phosphorescent or luminescent material in relatively coarse granular form as the base for a picture or display to be visible under ultraviolet light.
- the thickness of the phosphorescent material should be great enough so that'there is sulicient material to provide substantial visible effects under moderate intensities of ultra-violet light.
- superimposed over part or all of the phosphorescent layer is a conventional display of pigment which must be substantially transparent to ultra-violet light and must also transmit to a substantial degree the phosphorescent light emitted by the luminous layer. While all pigments are not suitable for this purpose, a large number of pigments may be used, the desirable pigments being determinable easily by simple test.
- the pigment forming the visible picture as the cuter layer must be in granular form substantially ner than the phosphorescent material.
- the relative granular size oi the .pigment and phosphorescent material be observed in order to obtain the results possible by the use of this invention. While the reason for this is not fully understood, it is believed that dispersion eiiects may be a substantial factor. 'Thus the luminous material may be in granular .form ofthe order of about to 325 mesh. Within this range of grain size best results are ob- .tained with grains just large enough to pass ythrough a 200 mesh screen, though the other mesh sizes are satisfactory.- For the non-luminous or outer pigment material, the grain size must be quite line at least of the order ci about 325 mesh and preferably nner.
- the pigment forming the outer or visible light picture may also have any desired vehicle such as oil, water or a binder and it is essential that the vehicle used for the pigment resembles the pigment itself in regard to transmitting ultra-violet light "and transmitting the phosphorescent or luminous glow from the base material,
- the entire picttu'e or display may be .covered with a transparent -layer of varnish or shellac or lacquer transparent to both ultra-violet light and visible light and also transparent to the fluorescent or luminescent glow.
- the degrees ⁇ of transparency are governed by the relative colors emitted by the luminous layer and absorbed by the outer
- the luminous Il the then a higher degree of transparency in general will be required.
- the nished picture will show an .outer layer visible under ordinary light, such outer layer depicting any desired object in the usual fashion. Shining through this outer layer under the influence of ultra-violet light is a second picture.
- This second picture may be obtained in any desired manner.
- the second picture .may result from outlining the object with iiuorescent material againsta blank background or having a background of fluorescent material with .undesiredareas blocked off with opaque material such as white paint.
- a combination of the two may be used most advantageously.
- shading of the fluorescent portion of the picture may be obtained by applying varying thicknesses of white paint over all or part of the fluorescent picture.
- White paint is desirable since it does notl affect the coloring of the outer picture layer.
- Figure 1 shows a sign illustrating the invention.
- Figure 2 is a sectional detail of a modified sign.
- the sign may comprise backing I of wood, canvas, metal or any other material to which paints or pigments will adhere.
- Backing I0 may have any suitable ⁇ coating as a preparation or base.
- layer II of phosphorescent material Disposed over backing I IJ directly over the prepared surface thereof, is layer II of phosphorescent material in a suitable carrier. rThis material may be applied in any number of ways, such as for example, with a brush or by spraying.
- the phosphorescent material may depict the engine of an automobile and the springs, for example.
- the actual outlining of the engine and springs may be obtained either by limiting the phosphorescent material to thekareas required to outline the engine and springs as in Figure 1 or by applying the phosphorescent material over the entire base and blocking out undesired portions of the phosphorescent material which are not to be visible. Diierent areas may have different phosphorescent material for various colors.
- phosphorescent material may be applied initially to outline an engine or springs, such application being either by Way of a brush or by spraying or other means. Thereafter, white paint I2, particularly paint containing White lead, or zinc vWhite may be sprayed or applied with a brush to outline sharply the limits of the phosphorescent material and may also be used to shade the phosphorescent material. This is shown in Figure 2.
- the phosphorescent material will be completely blocked off and be invisible under ultra-Violet light.
- the phosphorescent material will glow under ultra-violet light but not as brightly as the same phosphorescent material without any paint at all.
- white paint or other opaque material it is possible to obtain substantial shading eiects of the phosphorescent material.
- the phosphorescent material or luminescent material is preferably in coarse granular form having the neness previously indicated.
- a clear layer of shellac or varnish may be applied, if desired, prior to the application of the outer layer of pigment.
- Such layer of shellac or varnish may be used merely for the purpose of separating the phosphorescent material from the pigment material so that chemical interaction does not occur. It is understood that the shellac or varnish is transparent to ultra-violet light.
- layer I5 of pigment is applied with or without a suitable carrier and in the granular form previously indicated.
- the phosphorescent portion of the picture may show the engine and springs and possibly the interior of the car in one or more colors.
- the engine and springs may be shown in one color and the car interior may be shown in a diiferent color.
- a background for the entire car may be provided.
- Layer I 5 of pigment may be applied either by brush or by spraying and may be used to indicate the body of the automobile as shown in the ligure.
- the pigment may be applied over all or portions of the phosphorescent material,
- the phosphorescent material is not Visible and the picture shown in Figure 1 for example, depicts a conventional automobile with a body.
- the glow from the phosphorescent material passing through the pigment shows the engine and springs and car interior or any other desired portions of the automobile, this portion of the picture appearing in rather warm tones.
- rI'he entire picture may have a protective layer of varnish or the like for waterproong and weatherproofing.
- This layer generally indicated by I5 may be applied either by brush or by spraying and will naturally be transparent to both visible and ultra-violet light.
- luminescent or phosphorescent materials are well known. no examples of such materials need be given. It is understood. however, that any or all of such materials may be used.
- pigment materials the general c-onsiderations determining the choice of such materials and the binder or carrier have been previously set forth. However, examples of materials which may be used are herewith given: Indigo blue, logwood purple, cochineal, scarletcrimson-orange, saffron, aniline Violet, raw umber, burnt umber, raw Sienna, yellow ochre, iiesh ochre, green earch, Indian yellow, Naples yellow, gold ochre, soft limestone-white, grey, buff, red, yellow, clay, China clay, clear crystal.
- the onli.1 chemicals to be avoided in pigments are those containing lead or copper. .As a rule, pigments containing these two metals make it possible for an undesirable chemical reaction to occur with the fluorescing materials which generally contain sulphides.
- lead sulphide or copper sulphide are both undesirable since they are not transparent to ultra-violet and hence would make it impossible for the fluorescing layer to operate in those portions of the picture where such chemicals occur.
- steps are taken to isolate migration of the pigment material into the fluorescing material such as by the use of varnish or the ⁇ like or where the sign is not to have a very long life and chemical interaction is not objectionable.
- pigment materials itemized above it is also possible to use such materials as barium either in a metallic form or as a sulphate, asbestine, silica, ultramarine blue, violet, green, colloidal sulfur in fused silicate base, terre verte, iron silicate earch, chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, barium yellow, barium chromate, cadmium yellow, cadmium sulfide or sulfoselenides, cadmium red, cadmium selenide, alizarine crimson, high strength madder lake, mercury Vermillion, mercury sulfide, graphite.
- barium either in a metallic form or as a sulphate, asbestine, silica, ultramarine blue, violet, green, colloidal sulfur in fused silicate base, terre verte, iron silicate earch, chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, barium yellow, barium chromate, cadmium yellow, cadmium sul
- the sign may be disposed in a suitable .frame or other support and is preferably located so as to be under the inuence of light 2@ generating ultra-Violet and light 2
- Lamp 20 may .be of any suitable type and preferably is of the type available on the market consisting of a mercury arc lamp coated with black light absorbing material but emitting substantial ultra-violet radiation. Such so-called black light generators are well known and are used for illuminating airplane instruments and the like.
- Lamp 2l may be a conventional lamp or may be daylight. lt is understood that the relative intensities of the two sources of light at the surface of the picture are so adjusted that the fluorescent material will have substantial visibility to an onlooker.
- a sign measuring about one or two square feet in area may have a watt fluorescent light blacked out for ultra-violet operation disposed about a foot or so away while lamp 2l may be a conventional 40 or 00 watt lamp or may be daylight without direct sunlight upon the picture.
- lamp 2l may be a conventional 40 or 00 watt lamp or may be daylight without direct sunlight upon the picture.
- direct sunlight is not desirable upon the picture since the light intensity is so great as to render it diicult for an observer to see the iiuorescent layer.
- a sign comprising a backing, a first layer of ultra-violet responsive luminescent material on said backing delineating a design, a second layer of material transparent to ultra-violet and to the light emitted from the luminescent material, said second layer overlaying at least part of said rst layer and delineating a design, said second layer material being visible under ordinary light, said rst layer material being granular of between about and about 325 mesh, said second material also being granular and of a liner mesh than said rst layer material, said first layer design being visible under ultra-violet light and said second layer design being visible under visible light.
- first and second layer materials are of about 200 and about 325 mesh respectively.
Description
G. R. HARRISON LUMINOUS SIGN Filed Aug. 6, 1949 5 PHQRE sc ENT, 4o-325 MESH O T T N E R A O. 5 N M T T N E M m D.
ULTRAVmLz-:T ANDPHOSPHORESQENT LIGH-r,325 MESH on FINER 72\ O PAQUE I7@ vez@ 07 @fea/ye j?. ./Yafiesaf? y @QM a mm ffarieey.
oct. 13, 1953A Patented Oct. 13, 1953 LUMINOUS SIGN George R. Harrison, Chicago, 111.,..assgnor to Adglo, Inc., Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application August 6, 1949., :Serial No. r108,911
(Cl. L1lb-134) 4 Claims.
This invention relates to a luminousv sign and particularly to a sign having different appearances under ultra-violet, visible light and a combination of the two.
In many displays i-t is desirable to depict the exterior of an object under one kind of 'light and to depict certain hidden portions of the object under a different kind of light and to depict both the exterior and hidden portions simultaneously under mixed lights. Thus as a simple example, in displaying an automobile, it is desirable to show the body of the car and then be able to show at the same time certain mechanical parts of the car, such as the frame, engine and the like against the body. Other displays where similar objectives may be desired, are also possible.
The invention, in general, provides for a picture or display of luminous paint material over which may be superimposed a more r less conventional picture. A display embodying the present invention is characterized by remarkable depth as Well as substantial brightness under ultra-violet light simultaneously with the showing of a conventional picture under visible light.
While luminous paints have been used for making pictures and may have been used in combination with conventional paints, I have found, that unless certain precautions are observed, the resulting display will be poor in quality and relatively ineffective.
It is essential that a display have substantial visibility as regards the luminous portion under moderate intensity of ultra-violet light and that such luminous picture compare favorably in intensity with visible light reected from more or less conventional paint surfaces.
The invention, in general, contemplates the use of phosphorescent or luminescent material in relatively coarse granular form as the base for a picture or display to be visible under ultraviolet light. The thickness of the phosphorescent material should be great enough so that'there is sulicient material to provide substantial visible effects under moderate intensities of ultra-violet light. superimposed over part or all of the phosphorescent layer is a conventional display of pigment which must be substantially transparent to ultra-violet light and must also transmit to a substantial degree the phosphorescent light emitted by the luminous layer. While all pigments are not suitable for this purpose, a large number of pigments may be used, the desirable pigments being determinable easily by simple test. The pigment forming the visible picture as the cuter layer must be in granular form substantially ner than the phosphorescent material.
It is important that .the relative granular size oi the .pigment and phosphorescent material be observed in order to obtain the results possible by the use of this invention. While the reason for this is not fully understood, it is believed that dispersion eiiects may be a substantial factor. 'Thus the luminous material may be in granular .form ofthe order of about to 325 mesh. Within this range of grain size best results are ob- .tained with grains just large enough to pass ythrough a 200 mesh screen, though the other mesh sizes are satisfactory.- For the non-luminous or outer pigment material, the grain size must be quite line at least of the order ci about 325 mesh and preferably nner.
'preferably having little or no color. The pigment forming the outer or visible light picture may also have any desired vehicle such as oil, water or a binder and it is essential that the vehicle used for the pigment resembles the pigment itself in regard to transmitting ultra-violet light "and transmitting the phosphorescent or luminous glow from the base material, The entire picttu'e or display may be .covered with a transparent -layer of varnish or shellac or lacquer transparent to both ultra-violet light and visible light and also transparent to the fluorescent or luminescent glow.
The degrees `of transparency, in some measure, are governed by the relative colors emitted by the luminous layer and absorbed by the outer Thus in general, the luminous Il the then a higher degree of transparency in general will be required.
Generally, the nished picture will show an .outer layer visible under ordinary light, such outer layer depicting any desired object in the usual fashion. Shining through this outer layer under the influence of ultra-violet light is a second picture. This second picture may be obtained in any desired manner. Thus the second picture .may result from outlining the object with iiuorescent material againsta blank background or having a background of fluorescent material with .undesiredareas blocked off with opaque material such as white paint. In practice, a combination of the two may be used most advantageously. Thus shading of the fluorescent portion of the picture may be obtained by applying varying thicknesses of white paint over all or part of the fluorescent picture. White paint is desirable since it does notl affect the coloring of the outer picture layer.
In order that the invention may be understood it will now be explained with reference to the drawing wherein Figure 1 shows a sign illustrating the invention. Figure 2 is a sectional detail of a modified sign.
The sign, as a whole, may comprise backing I of wood, canvas, metal or any other material to which paints or pigments will adhere. Backing I0 may have any suitable `coating as a preparation or base. Disposed over backing I IJ directly over the prepared surface thereof, is layer II of phosphorescent material in a suitable carrier. rThis material may be applied in any number of ways, such as for example, with a brush or by spraying.
The phosphorescent material may depict the engine of an automobile and the springs, for example. The actual outlining of the engine and springs may be obtained either by limiting the phosphorescent material to thekareas required to outline the engine and springs as in Figure 1 or by applying the phosphorescent material over the entire base and blocking out undesired portions of the phosphorescent material which are not to be visible. Diierent areas may have different phosphorescent material for various colors.
In practice, phosphorescent material may be applied initially to outline an engine or springs, such application being either by Way of a brush or by spraying or other means. Thereafter, white paint I2, particularly paint containing White lead, or zinc vWhite may be sprayed or applied with a brush to outline sharply the limits of the phosphorescent material and may also be used to shade the phosphorescent material. This is shown in Figure 2. Thus, by applying a thick layer of paint, the phosphorescent material will be completely blocked off and be invisible under ultra-Violet light. On the other hand, by applying a rather thin layer of paint, the phosphorescent material will glow under ultra-violet light but not as brightly as the same phosphorescent material without any paint at all. By judicious application of white paint or other opaque material, it is possible to obtain substantial shading eiects of the phosphorescent material.
As previously pointed out, the phosphorescent material or luminescent material is preferably in coarse granular form having the neness previously indicated. After the phosphorescent or luminescent layer I I has been applied and shading obtained or after white paint I2 has been applied, if any is to be applied, a clear layer of shellac or varnish may be applied, if desired, prior to the application of the outer layer of pigment. Such layer of shellac or varnish may be used merely for the purpose of separating the phosphorescent material from the pigment material so that chemical interaction does not occur. It is understood that the shellac or varnish is transparent to ultra-violet light.
Thereafter, layer I5 of pigment is applied with or without a suitable carrier and in the granular form previously indicated. Thus in the picture as illustrated, the phosphorescent portion of the picture may show the engine and springs and possibly the interior of the car in one or more colors. Thus the engine and springs may be shown in one color and the car interior may be shown in a diiferent color. Or a background for the entire car may be provided. Layer I 5 of pigment may be applied either by brush or by spraying and may be used to indicate the body of the automobile as shown in the ligure.
It is understood that the pigment may be applied over all or portions of the phosphorescent material, Thus under ordinary light, the phosphorescent material is not Visible and the picture shown in Figure 1 for example, depicts a conventional automobile with a body. When ultraviolet light ls provided, the glow from the phosphorescent material passing through the pigment shows the engine and springs and car interior or any other desired portions of the automobile, this portion of the picture appearing in rather warm tones.
rI'he entire picture may have a protective layer of varnish or the like for waterproong and weatherproofing. This layer generally indicated by I5 may be applied either by brush or by spraying and will naturally be transparent to both visible and ultra-violet light.
Inasmuch as luminescent or phosphorescent materials are well known. no examples of such materials need be given. It is understood. however, that any or all of such materials may be used. With regard to the pigment materials. the general c-onsiderations determining the choice of such materials and the binder or carrier have been previously set forth. However, examples of materials which may be used are herewith given: Indigo blue, logwood purple, cochineal, scarletcrimson-orange, saffron, aniline Violet, raw umber, burnt umber, raw Sienna, yellow ochre, iiesh ochre, green earch, Indian yellow, Naples yellow, gold ochre, soft limestone-white, grey, buff, red, yellow, clay, China clay, clear crystal.
In general, the onli.1 chemicals to be avoided in pigments are those containing lead or copper. .As a rule, pigments containing these two metals make it possible for an undesirable chemical reaction to occur with the fluorescing materials which generally contain sulphides. Thus as an example, lead sulphide or copper sulphide are both undesirable since they are not transparent to ultra-violet and hence would make it impossible for the fluorescing layer to operate in those portions of the picture where such chemicals occur. However, even such metals may be used in pigments if steps are taken to isolate migration of the pigment material into the fluorescing material such as by the use of varnish or the` like or where the sign is not to have a very long life and chemical interaction is not objectionable.
In addition to the pigment materials itemized above, it is also possible to use such materials as barium either in a metallic form or as a sulphate, asbestine, silica, ultramarine blue, violet, green, colloidal sulfur in fused silicate base, terre verte, iron silicate earch, chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, barium yellow, barium chromate, cadmium yellow, cadmium sulfide or sulfoselenides, cadmium red, cadmium selenide, alizarine crimson, high strength madder lake, mercury Vermillion, mercury sulfide, graphite.
The sign may be disposed in a suitable .frame or other support and is preferably located so as to be under the inuence of light 2@ generating ultra-Violet and light 2| generating normal visible light. Lamp 20 may .be of any suitable type and preferably is of the type available on the market consisting of a mercury arc lamp coated with black light absorbing material but emitting substantial ultra-violet radiation. Such so-called black light generators are well known and are used for illuminating airplane instruments and the like. Lamp 2l may be a conventional lamp or may be daylight. lt is understood that the relative intensities of the two sources of light at the surface of the picture are so adjusted that the fluorescent material will have substantial visibility to an onlooker. Thus as an example, a sign measuring about one or two square feet in area may have a watt fluorescent light blacked out for ultra-violet operation disposed about a foot or so away while lamp 2l may be a conventional 40 or 00 watt lamp or may be daylight without direct sunlight upon the picture. In general, direct sunlight is not desirable upon the picture since the light intensity is so great as to render it diicult for an observer to see the iiuorescent layer.
It is understood that where transparency to ultra-violet and to light emitted by the iiuorescent material is specied, perfect or near perfect transparency is not necessarily called for. It is suflicient if enough ultra-violet and emitted light is passed to render the picture visible under operating conditions.
What is claimed is:
1. A sign comprising a backing, a first layer of ultra-violet responsive luminescent material on said backing delineating a design, a second layer of material transparent to ultra-violet and to the light emitted from the luminescent material, said second layer overlaying at least part of said rst layer and delineating a design, said second layer material being visible under ordinary light, said rst layer material being granular of between about and about 325 mesh, said second material also being granular and of a liner mesh than said rst layer material, said first layer design being visible under ultra-violet light and said second layer design being visible under visible light.
2. The sign according to claim l wherein the rst layer is covered in part by an intermediate layer of material opaque to ultra-violet, said intermediate layer exposing the first layer to delineate the design.
3. The sign according to claim 1 wherein the second layer material has a ineness of about 325 mesh.
4. The sign according to claim 1 wherein the first and second layer materials are of about 200 and about 325 mesh respectively.
GEORGE R. HARRISON.
References Cited in the iile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 267,284 Trotter Nov. '7, 1882 831,591 Aylsworth Sept. 25, 1906 1,219,731 Hall Mar. 20, 1917 1,362,284 Gay Dec. 14, 1920 1,813,491 Gillard July 7, 1931 2,213,868 Lucian Sept. 3, 1940 2,263,149 Vargas 1-- Nov. 18, 1941
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US108911A US2654971A (en) | 1949-08-06 | 1949-08-06 | Luminous sign |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US108911A US2654971A (en) | 1949-08-06 | 1949-08-06 | Luminous sign |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2654971A true US2654971A (en) | 1953-10-13 |
Family
ID=22324769
Family Applications (1)
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US108911A Expired - Lifetime US2654971A (en) | 1949-08-06 | 1949-08-06 | Luminous sign |
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US (1) | US2654971A (en) |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2854659A (en) * | 1952-12-13 | 1958-09-30 | Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc | Plotting device |
US3105954A (en) * | 1960-12-27 | 1963-10-01 | Karl W Flocks | Traffic controllers |
US3312563A (en) * | 1962-11-28 | 1967-04-04 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Decorative adhesive sheet material with a chlorinated vinyl polymerpolyester resin blend primer |
US3455577A (en) * | 1966-09-05 | 1969-07-15 | Eizo Komiyama | Banking system |
US3468046A (en) * | 1966-09-05 | 1969-09-23 | Eizo Komiyama | Card system of identification |
US3477156A (en) * | 1966-09-05 | 1969-11-11 | Eizo Komiyama | Identification system |
US3583298A (en) * | 1967-02-07 | 1971-06-08 | Earl C Van Swearingen | Color picture reproduction |
EP0029199A1 (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-05-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Coloured lights, for example for luminous advertising, outdoor and indoor lighting |
US4629583A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1986-12-16 | Jones And Vining, Incorporated | Phosphorescent polymer-containing compositions and articles made therefrom |
US4640797A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1987-02-03 | Jones And Vining, Incorporated | Phosphorescent polymer-containing compositions and articles made therefrom |
US5149568A (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-09-22 | Beck Michael P | Glow in the dark artwork |
US5780124A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-07-14 | Ripstein; Jacqueline | Ultraviolet enhanced oil painting and method therefor |
US5902670A (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1999-05-11 | Ripstein; Jacqueline | Multi-layered painting and method therefor |
US5961072A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1999-10-05 | Saf-T-Glo Limited | Emergency lighting |
US6312782B1 (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 2001-11-06 | Rochelle L. Goldberg | Discreet shaped colored polymeric objects in a transparent or translucent matrix |
US20040160760A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-19 | Tibbenham Patricia C. | Trunk release handle for automobiles |
US7249431B1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2007-07-31 | William Rose | Light-activated illuminating device |
US20080231062A1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-09-25 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Trunk Emergency Release Handle Having a Luminous Insert |
US20100058638A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-11 | John Patrick Askin | Identity labeling system for electrical cover plates |
US20120183677A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2012-07-19 | Performance Indicator, Llc | Photoluminescent Compositions, Methods of Manufacture and Novel Uses |
US10068502B1 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2018-09-04 | Sandra Sax | Photoluminescent container |
US20200273385A1 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-08-27 | Magna Closures Inc. | Road signs and markings with light conversion |
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US2263149A (en) * | 1939-12-05 | 1941-11-18 | G Fructuoso Vargas | Process for producing luminous photographs |
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US1219731A (en) * | 1915-06-01 | 1917-03-20 | Jersey City Printing Company | Plural-image device. |
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US1813491A (en) * | 1926-09-17 | 1931-07-07 | Vividad Holdings Ltd | Luminous advertisement |
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Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2854659A (en) * | 1952-12-13 | 1958-09-30 | Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc | Plotting device |
US3105954A (en) * | 1960-12-27 | 1963-10-01 | Karl W Flocks | Traffic controllers |
US3312563A (en) * | 1962-11-28 | 1967-04-04 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Decorative adhesive sheet material with a chlorinated vinyl polymerpolyester resin blend primer |
US3455577A (en) * | 1966-09-05 | 1969-07-15 | Eizo Komiyama | Banking system |
US3468046A (en) * | 1966-09-05 | 1969-09-23 | Eizo Komiyama | Card system of identification |
US3477156A (en) * | 1966-09-05 | 1969-11-11 | Eizo Komiyama | Identification system |
US3583298A (en) * | 1967-02-07 | 1971-06-08 | Earl C Van Swearingen | Color picture reproduction |
EP0029199A1 (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-05-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Coloured lights, for example for luminous advertising, outdoor and indoor lighting |
US4629583A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1986-12-16 | Jones And Vining, Incorporated | Phosphorescent polymer-containing compositions and articles made therefrom |
US4640797A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1987-02-03 | Jones And Vining, Incorporated | Phosphorescent polymer-containing compositions and articles made therefrom |
US5149568A (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-09-22 | Beck Michael P | Glow in the dark artwork |
US6312782B1 (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 2001-11-06 | Rochelle L. Goldberg | Discreet shaped colored polymeric objects in a transparent or translucent matrix |
US5961072A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1999-10-05 | Saf-T-Glo Limited | Emergency lighting |
US6276634B1 (en) | 1995-04-20 | 2001-08-21 | Saf-T-Glo Limited | Emergency lighting |
US5780124A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-07-14 | Ripstein; Jacqueline | Ultraviolet enhanced oil painting and method therefor |
US5902670A (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1999-05-11 | Ripstein; Jacqueline | Multi-layered painting and method therefor |
US20040160760A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-19 | Tibbenham Patricia C. | Trunk release handle for automobiles |
US7029138B2 (en) | 2003-02-18 | 2006-04-18 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trunk release handle for automobiles |
US7249431B1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2007-07-31 | William Rose | Light-activated illuminating device |
US20120183677A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2012-07-19 | Performance Indicator, Llc | Photoluminescent Compositions, Methods of Manufacture and Novel Uses |
US10068502B1 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2018-09-04 | Sandra Sax | Photoluminescent container |
US20080231062A1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-09-25 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Trunk Emergency Release Handle Having a Luminous Insert |
US7523970B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2009-04-28 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Trunk emergency release handle having a luminous insert |
US20100058638A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-11 | John Patrick Askin | Identity labeling system for electrical cover plates |
US20200273385A1 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-08-27 | Magna Closures Inc. | Road signs and markings with light conversion |
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