US2669937A - Reciprocating pump - Google Patents

Reciprocating pump Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2669937A
US2669937A US194587A US19458750A US2669937A US 2669937 A US2669937 A US 2669937A US 194587 A US194587 A US 194587A US 19458750 A US19458750 A US 19458750A US 2669937 A US2669937 A US 2669937A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
wall element
coil
pump
chamber
intake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US194587A
Inventor
Presentey Shelley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2669937A publication Critical patent/US2669937A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/04Pumps having electric drive
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/18Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to reciprocating pumps of the type comprisingian enclosure .or chamber communicating through intake valves. with e source 'of iiuid under an initial pressure, 'and through :delivery valves 'with a space constituting a -rrcever for ia uidunder a fina-l pressure, the said v'chamber including va movable wall to which a reciprocating :movement is imparted, thereby inaeh successiue operating cycle, to expand said capacity and thus to .nil it vthrough said .intake valves, and then to contract said capacity and tizms to levacuate it through said delivery valves,
  • the :above-mentioned movable wall and wili inthe ensuing disclosure bedescribed as a-piston: it may indeed be formed as a pist-on lslidable in a cylindrical enclosure-or compression chamber., but fit might .ius-t :
  • One object of .my invention is to provide a pump of this kind in the form' of :a mrtalele,
  • Another object is the provision of ra means for f controlling. the reciprocating movements of the movable wall of a pump capacity adapted to improve the operating conditions of said pump and specifically to increase ⁇ the frequency of 'operation thereof greatly in excess of the range heretol.
  • necting rod systems while others employ turbines.
  • the presence of rotary parts, bearings, pivotal connections, and so forth, makes such systems comparatively expensive and requires a certain .amount of ⁇ maintenance ,and lubrication on the part of the user.
  • Another type of pump is known, the .so-called vibrator pump, wherein a movable wall of the intake and compression capacity is coupled with the movable armature Iof an electro-magnet the 4elec- .trical supply .of which is controlled in known manner by the movements of the said armature itself.
  • This type vof apparatus necessarily has a low operating frequency owing to the mechanical Aand electro-,magnetical inertia of its compoments and is hardly suitable to the construction of pumps for gaseous fluids, .even though it has been used with Esoine .measure of success in connection Awith .liquid pumps (e. g. :gasoline pumps)
  • My present invention provides, ina first aspect,
  • a drive device for pumps of the type described wherein the reciprocating movements of the movable Wall of the capacity are produced by an electro-dynamic motor of the type including ia movable winding through .the airgap .of a magnetic circuit, said movable wall being rigidly ⁇ coupled with .said movable winding.
  • an electro-dynamic motor of the type including ia movable winding through .the airgap .of a magnetic circuit, said movable wall being rigidly ⁇ coupled with .said movable winding.
  • the apparatus may be supplied either directly iroin a source of substantially sinusoidal alterhating current "of .suitable frequency, -or through the medium of a device .for ⁇ distorting the actuating current wave form in a way Vto improve the efficiency -of the pump.
  • the invention is directed to a :control or drive system characterized by the fact thatthe .force applied to .the movable wall of the. chamber will tbe a succession of pulses spaced byidle intervals.
  • a :control or drive system characterized by the fact thatthe .force applied to .the movable wall of the. chamber will tbe a succession of pulses spaced byidle intervals.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of a pump of conventional type
  • Fig. 2 is a graph of the piston motion in such a pump
  • Fig. 3 is a similar graph explanatory of the method of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a partly diagrammatic axial cross section of an air-pump according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail View of a portion of the pump shown in Fig. 4 in a different position;
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the upper part or valve-box of the pump shown in Fig. 4 showing the structure of some parts 1n detail;
  • Fig. 7 is a corresponding View in plan.
  • Figs. 8d, 9a, and 10a are respectively diagrammatic illustrations of different electrical circuits which may be used with the apparatus of the invention.
  • Figs. 8b, 9b, and 10b are respectively illustrations of the wave forms produced by the circuits of Figs. 8a, 9a, and 10a.
  • a conventional lift-and-force pump comprises a chamber or pump housing i communicating through one or more inlet or intake valves 2 with a fluidsupply space and through one or more outlet or discharge valves 3 with a receiver-space, and comprises a piston 4 driven in reciprocation to either side of a reference level A-A from a ro'- tary drive shaft 5 through a mechanical movement-converting system 6 of the connecting rod and crankshaft type.
  • the efficiency of the pump depends essentially on the fraction of the cycle which is occupied by the idle periods required to reach the positions x1 and fc3, that is, to cause the operation of the valves especially that of the intake valve.
  • the inertia of the valves being imposed by practical considerations, their open- .ing and closure will occur at a predetermined value of the internal depression, and the fraction of the cycle required to attain this depression will be substantially constant all other factors being equal, so that if the operating frequency is increased, in the sinusoidal type of operation assumed, then the remaining part of the cycles duration will, from a given instant, become insuicient to allow of the chamber being adequately filled. This will explain the fact that the efficiency of a pump operating in the sinusoidal mode of operation, rapidly drops off as the operating frequency reaches and exceeds a definite value.
  • the chart of Fig. 3 illustrates a method of control or drive according to the invention, characterized by the :fact that the displacements imposed on the piston, instead of being purely sinusoidal in character, rather assume the character of distorted sinusoids or even that of separate pulses with intervening idle periods of substantial duration occurring at the lowermost position of the piston.
  • the piston is notably accelerated.
  • the time ti required by said intake valves to open is found in such conditions to be reduced as the downward movement of the piston is effected faster.
  • the piston remains at its lowermost position until the time tz and it may be seen that the time available for the lling of the cylinder under the action of the pressure in the fluid-source space is correspondingly increased.
  • the instant at which the intake valves close and also that at which the discharge valves open, is for example t'e., and the remainder of the upward stroke of the piston is that corresponding to the compression and discharge phase.
  • This upward part of the pulses may have a slope not necessarily identical with that of the downgoing part.
  • This example relates t0 an air pump consisting of a head plate Ill forming the top or valve-box, of frustoconical sectional configuration, of the variable-volume capacity or compression cham'- ber I l, and having associated with a flexible wall element or diaphragm of rubber or equivalent exible material Ill (termed hereinafter the reciprocable iluid displacement member) ⁇ which provides lower wall.
  • This diaphragm may consist of a disc simply ⁇ cut out ci a sheet Aof rubber, or a specially formed part, e. g. a molded cap as illustrated.
  • the diaphragm is clamped aft its periphery between the vmargin or rthe head plate il and 'an-letal annulus lf3 which in turn is rigidly7 mountedin ya general cylindrical casing M.
  • the compression chamber i yi communicates througha elmmnferential set of apertures l5 vsealed by 'an armular'f-intakc valve i 6 with'the atmosphere, and through a central passage H sealed bya discharge valve 18, with a receiver space not shown.
  • the details of this ⁇ section of the pump are Avisible in Fig.
  • the intake 'valve is preferably y-inovided with splines such as yIlia at its under face, .and 'projections such as 19a formed on :the spring 'I9 (e. g. simply punched or struck out therefrom) engaging into a groove dened by these splines.
  • the intake valverineinber As a result of this device, a kind of self-centring effect is obtained for the intake valverineinber, which averts the necessity of'having to mount "this member in a guide ⁇ conduit and thereby reducing the pressure losses at intake.
  • 'the ydischarge valve member 118 consists of a spider-shaped lia-nge applied over the discharge passage by a spring-21
  • the central part vof the movable wall element il! .(Fig. 4) is clamped between a thin rigid disc 23 and a cap 24 formed with a frustoconical flange 25, the prei-'lle of this cap member conforming substantially to that of the upper part of cham "y:
  • the cam 2'4 is secured to the top of a cylinder 26 made of plastic material or light nonmagnetic alloy, longitudinally slotted and -providing a bobbin or casing for a winding 2l arranged in the airgap of a magnetic circuit '218 including a Acore '29 and a eld plate 3D; the ⁇ magnetic field in sa-idcircuit may be permanent or it may be provided by an exciter winding such as 3
  • an electro-dynamicv motor is-'thus provided of the kind used ⁇ for instance 'in loud-speakers, and which inthe present instance will 'be adapted to impart a reciproca-tory motion to the movable wall element I2 ofthe pump upon a suitable alternating current being made to flow through the movable winding '27.
  • the movable winding is suspended from and centred by two spider members 32, 33 outwardly clamped lbetween clamping rings 34, 35 and vthe anni-1111s I3, and inwardly between circular rings 36, 31 provided for this purpose ⁇ on the free outer surface of the cylinder 26.
  • These spiders may each 'be widely recessed in the way well known in the art of lloud-speaker construction, and they may be made from plastics or resilient metal or any other suitable material. When made of resilient material, they may participate in assuring the resilient return action required inthe motion assumed by the movable coil.
  • 'Tl-ie motor as a whole is secured in the ⁇ Icasing 6 ill, for instance 'by la nut 43, while the valve-box is. secured by bol-ts 44.
  • the motor thus provided may be supplied sinusoidal alternating current, ibut preferably, -ac- -cording tothe invention andas stated previously,
  • the electrodynamic drive of the invention it becomes quite practicable and safe 'to increase the amplitude of the movements of the ⁇ movable wall 'element to a point where said Wall ⁇ element will strike the ceiling ⁇ of the .compress-ion chamber, that is, the amplitude of the drive current may ce chosen Iequal or greater than the value for which the stroke of .the movable wallfelement becomes equal to the height .dimension vof the chamber.; for the drive is so :fisicible as to preclude any possibility 4of breakage.
  • the frusto-conicalilange 25 of the cap 24 provides a :support for the free portion of .the exible wall .element i2 and Asupports the same during the period yor compression when the Wall element basa tendency to be inflated. Owing to this ar rangement, the flexible wall element iis 'practically subjected to no resilient .stress whatever, its 'operation being restricted to .a sequence vof Sto-andfro buckling movement-s to either :side of its clamped margin.
  • .A very important advantage of the device 'according to the invention lies in the possibility ci operating it at the frequency of the network, i. e. at either 50 cycles or 60 cycles per second A(3006 or 3600 per minute), as the case maybe. greatly simpliiies the problem .ci supply.
  • the-simplest wayfof providing a pulse-drive device according 'to the invention is to supply it with simply recticd A.C., as is shown diagrammaticallyin Fig. Sa., Fig. 8b showing the wave form produced by the larrangement of Fig. 8a, 0f course, any of a wide number of known means, may be used to foreshorten the duration of the pulses applied; thus, polarized rectifiers (Fig.
  • Figs. 9a .shunted rect. 9a
  • grid-control thyratrons saturated transformers and inductors, etc.
  • Figs. 9b and '10b respectively show the wave forms produced by the circuits ci Figs. 9u and 10a.
  • the 'invention is by no means restricted :to the single form of embodiment illustrated and described by way of example. Numerous and -diverse developments and/or variants may obviously be conceived.
  • the invention is applicable to a pump using a piston or a diaphragm.
  • practically noiselessoperation may becbtainedby 'lining the valve members and the upper face of the disc 23 with a thin coating of rubber or equivalent substance.
  • a fluid pump device comprising a casing, a head-plate, a recess in said plate, a flexible diaphragm, means for peripherally clamping said diaphragm around said recess, said recess and said diaphragm dening a variable volume chamber, intake and delivery valve means adapted to this chamber, a cap member of a shape conformed' to that of said recess and secured to a central portion of said diaphragm outside of said chamber, a magnet integral with said casing and providing a magnetic circuit including an airgap, a hollow nonmagnetic bobbin adapted to reciprocate through said air-gap and coupled to said cap, an electric coil wound on said bobbin to reciprocate in and through said air-gap and ⁇ means for supplying periodical electric current to said coil.
  • a fluid pump device comprising resilient spider means extending bctween said bobbin and said casing and adapted to center said coil within said air-gap.
  • a iiuid pump device comprising resilient spider means between said bobbin and said casing, adapted to center said coil within said air-gap and to exert a returning force on said diaphragm in operation.
  • a fluid pump device comprising a casing; a recessed head plate forming a frustoconical'top or valve-box for said casing tapering towards a base, a flexible diaphragm peripherally clamped to said plate, thus defining therewith a variable I volume fluid chamber, a central outlet passage and a circumferential set or" inlet passages being provided in said base, an annular intake valve member Within said chamber adapted to seal the openings of said inlet passages thereinto, a spring in the form of a spider wedged at its corners in a circular groove formed in said box around said base and thereby adapted to apply said intake valve member against said inlet passages, av discharge valve member resiliently applied over said outlet passage, driving means secured on said diaphragm over a central portion thereof opposite to said base, a magnet forming a magnetic circuit including an air-gap, a coil coupled to said driving means and adapted to reciprocate through said air-gap, and means for supplying periodical electric current to said
  • annular intake valve member is provided with circular splines defining annular grooves therebetween and projections are pro' vided on said spring to engage said grooves, whereby a self centering effect -is obtained for said intake valve member.
  • a reciprocable fluid pump arrangement comprising, in combination, a pump housing; inlet valve means and outlet valve means communicating with the interior of said pump housing; a reciprocable fluid displacing member operatively connected to said pump housing and being adapted to carry out intermittent suction and compression strokes sucking into said pump housing during said suction strokes fluid through said inlet valve means and delivering from said pump housing during said compression strokes iiuid through said outletI valve means; a magnetic structure including a stationary' part and a movable part, said movable part being connected to said reciprocable fluid displacing member and being arranged at a slight distance apart from said stationary part, one of said parts including an electric coil and the other of said parts including a magnetic body so that supply of an alternating current to said coil will result in a reciprocating suction and compression movement of said movable part relative to said stationary part of said magnetic structure and in corresponding suction and compression strokes, re-
  • said reciprocable fluid displacing member means for producing an alternating current having cycles being each composed of a short and along cycle portion, the current continuously changing during said short cycle portion from one peak value to the opposite peak value, said short cycle portion being substantially shorter than said long cycle portion; and means connecting said alternating current producing means to said coil so as to energize said coil for said suction movement of said movable part during each long cycle portion of said alternating current and-for said compression movement of said movable part during each short cycle portion of said'alternating current, thereby opening said inlet valve means during each of said long cycle portions and opening said outlet valve means during each of said short cycle portions.
  • a reciprocable fluid pump arrangement comprising, in combination, a pump housing; inlet valve means and outlet valve means communieating with the interior of said pump housing; a reciprocable fluid displacing member operatively connected to said pump housing and being adapted to carry out intermittent suction and compression strokes sucking into said pump housduring said suction strokes fluid through said inlet valve means and delivering from said pump housing during said compression strokes fluid through said outlet valve means; a magnetic structure including a stationary part consisting of a magnetic body, and a movable part connected to said reciprocable fluid displacing member and beingarranged at a slight distance apart from said stationary part, an electric coil arranged on said movable part so that supply of an alternating current to said coil Will result ina reciprocating suction and compression movement of said movable part relative to said stationary part of said magnetic structure and in corresponding suction and compression strokes, respectively, of said reciprocable fluid displacing member; means for producing an alternating cur-L rent having cycles being each composed of a short and a
  • a reciprocable fluid pump in combination, Walls forming a fluid chamber; a flexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocablc from a first position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second posi-4 tions of said flexible wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said. fluid chamber; intake and dis-- charge. valves arranged in saidv Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said ilexible wall element; driving means rigidly connected withY charge valves to closeandopen in a cycle depend-- ing on the Wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil.
  • a reciprocable fluid pump in combination, Walls forming a iiuid chamber; a ilexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible wall element being reciprocable from a rst position into a second position and vice versa, said rst and second. positions-of said flexible Wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positivepressure are set up in said uid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly connected with saidflexible wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable.
  • a reciprocable iluid pump in combination, walls forming a fluid chamber; a ilexible wall element forming part of said Wall-s ci said chamber, said iiex-ible wall element being reciprocable from a iirst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said flexible Wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and ⁇ maximum volumes oi4 ⁇ said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged insaid:v Walls; and: opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by'areciprocating movement oi' said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly connected with said flexible wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a Wave form distorting device, whereby said flexible wall element
  • a reciprocable iiuid pump in combination, walls forming a fluid chamber; a iiexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocable from a first position into a second position and vice versa, said rst and second positions of said ilexible wall element corresponding,
  • said coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as' to reciprocate the' same in said air gap, saidl supplying' means including a rectifying device distorting the Wave form of the low frequencyv current, whereby said 'flexible wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing; said intake and discharge valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the wave form of the low frequency current pplied to said coil.
  • a reciprocable iiuid pump in combina.- ticn walls forming a fluid chamber; a flexible. Wall element formingr part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocable from a nrst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said exible wall element corresponding, re.- spectively, to the minimum and maximum volurnes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said walls and opening, ⁇ respectively, when a partial vacuum and apositive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement oi said flexible wall element; driving means rigidly connected with saidv ilexifble wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air ci magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for. supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as.
  • said supplying means including a wave form distorting device, whereby said ilexible Wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake andv discharge; valves toclo-se and open in a cycle depending ony the wave form of the low frequency current supplied to said coil, the distorted wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil consisting of ashort cycle por;- tion and a long cycle portion being substantially longer thanv said short cycle portion, saidA coil being, arranged so as to cause saidA flexible Wall element to set up a positive pressure during said short cycle portionv and a partial vacuum during said long cycle portion.
  • a reciprocablev fluid pump in combination, walls forming a uid chamber; a flexible Wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said ilexible wall element being reciprocable from a iirst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said exible wall.
  • said flexible wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake and discharge valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the wave form of the low frequency current supplied to said coil, the distorted wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil consisting of a short cycle portion and a long cycle portion being substantially longer than said short cycle portion, said coil being arranged so as to cause said flexible wall element to set up a positive pressure during said short cycle portion and a partial vacuum during said long cycle portion, said long cycle portion consisting of a iirst part having a duration approximately equal t that of said short cycle portion and a second part during which the distorted wave form remains substantially constant.
  • a reciprocable fluid pump in combina tion, walls forming a uid'chamber; a flexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocable from a first position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said flexible wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly ⁇ connected with said flexible Wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a lovv frequency current to said coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a rectifying device distorting the Wave form of the low frequency current, whereby said exible Wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake and discharge valve
  • a reciprocable fluid pump in combination, Walls forming a iluid chamber; a flexible Wall element forming part of said Walls of said l2 chamber, said flexible wall element being reciprocable from a rst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said flexible Wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible wall element; driving means rigidly connected with said flexible wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic -circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said -coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a rectifying device distorting the Wave form of the low frequency current, whereby said flexible Wall element'is imparted a reciprocating

Description

Feb. 23, 1954 s, PRESENTEY 2,669,937
RECIPROCATING PUMP Filed NOV. 8, 1950 FIGS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG? 44 Patented Feb. 23, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT? 15 Claims. .1
This invention relates to reciprocating pumps of the type comprisingian enclosure .or chamber communicating through intake valves. with e source 'of iiuid under an initial pressure, 'and through :delivery valves 'with a space constituting a -rrcever for ia uidunder a fina-l pressure, the said v'chamber including va movable wall to which a reciprocating :movement is imparted, thereby inaeh successiue operating cycle, to expand said capacity and thus to .nil it vthrough said .intake valves, and then to contract said capacity and tizms to levacuate it through said delivery valves, The :above-mentioned movable wall and wili inthe ensuing disclosure, bedescribed as a-piston: it may indeed be formed as a pist-on lslidable in a cylindrical enclosure-or compression chamber., but fit might .ius-t :aswell consist of .a :deformable wall element., such asa bellows, etc.
One object of .my invention is to provide a pump of this kind in the form' of :a mrtalele,
inexpensive and mechanically simple adapted to serve., e. g. as an air compressor for medical uses, spray, aerosol treatments, tirexinfla-ting, refrigerators andthe like.
Another object is the provision of ra means for f controlling. the reciprocating movements of the movable wall of a pump capacity adapted to improve the operating conditions of said pump and specifically to increase `the frequency of 'operation thereof greatly in excess of the range heretol.
fore attainable in apparatus'of the type specitied.
.Various 'devices'.have ybeen suggested in this held, :some of them using Iconventional mechanical drive transmissions such as crank-and-con- A.
necting rod systems, while others employ turbines. However, the presence of rotary parts, bearings, pivotal connections, and so forth, makes such systems comparatively expensive and requires a certain .amount of `maintenance ,and lubrication on the part of the user. Another type of pump is known, the .so-called vibrator pump, wherein a movable wall of the intake and compression capacity is coupled with the movable armature Iof an electro-magnet the 4elec- .trical supply .of which is controlled in known manner by the movements of the said armature itself. This type vof apparatus necessarily has a low operating frequency owing to the mechanical Aand electro-,magnetical inertia of its compoments and is hardly suitable to the construction of pumps for gaseous fluids, .even though it has been used with Esoine .measure of success in connection Awith .liquid pumps (e. g. :gasoline pumps) My present invention provides, ina first aspect,
a drive device for pumps of the type described, wherein the reciprocating movements of the movable Wall of the capacity are produced by an electro-dynamic motor of the type including ia movable winding through .the airgap .of a magnetic circuit, said movable wall being rigidly `coupled with .said movable winding. Owing to this arrangement, it ybecomes possible to eliminate idelicate mechanical members such as shafts, journals, bea-rings, and the like, as well :as lubrication. The resulting unit is exceedingly rugged, v ery .simple to use., requiring no maintenance 4by tue user and, addition, opens up a whole range of possibilitiesof fundamental importance in the field under consideration.
a The apparatus .may be supplied either directly iroin a source of substantially sinusoidal alterhating current "of .suitable frequency, -or through the medium of a device .for `distorting the actuating current wave form in a way Vto improve the efficiency -of the pump.
More specifically, the invention is directed to a :control or drive system characterized by the fact thatthe .force applied to .the movable wall of the. chamber will tbe a succession of pulses spaced byidle intervals. y An analytical investigation into the Aoperation of pumps provided with automatic intake and discharge valves, that is valves 'adapted to open and close under the 'sole action of the 'pressure differentials established between the operating capacity on the one hand and the sourceand receiver-spaces on the other., and with due allowance for the inertia and spring-return characteristics of said valves, shows that, as a result of my method, it .becomes ,possible to increase to a marked extent the operating frequency (i. e. the number of :operating cycles per unit time) of a pump without impairing its efficiency: now a high operating frequency means a smaller chamber for a given discharge capacity and hence a smaller, lighter and cheaper pump unit.
'In particular, it becomes possible to select an operat'ing'frequency equivalent -lto the normal ireuuency of the power-supply or line network, i. e. 50 cycles per second in most cases in Europe, and 60 cycles per second in the United StatesJ and this considerably simplies the problem of energy .supply to the apparatus of the invention.
The characteristic features and advantages of the invention., as well as .further objects thereof, will appear from the ensuing description, which relates to one exemplary embodiment selected by way of illustration with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a pump of conventional type;
Fig. 2 is a graph of the piston motion in such a pump;
Fig. 3 is a similar graph explanatory of the method of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a partly diagrammatic axial cross section of an air-pump according to the invention;
Fig. 5 is a detail View of a portion of the pump shown in Fig. 4 in a different position;
Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the upper part or valve-box of the pump shown in Fig. 4 showing the structure of some parts 1n detail;
Fig. 7 is a corresponding View in plan.
Figs. 8d, 9a, and 10a are respectively diagrammatic illustrations of different electrical circuits which may be used with the apparatus of the invention.
Figs. 8b, 9b, and 10b are respectively illustrations of the wave forms produced by the circuits of Figs. 8a, 9a, and 10a.
As shown diagrammatically in Fig. l, a conventional lift-and-force pump comprises a chamber or pump housing i communicating through one or more inlet or intake valves 2 with a fluidsupply space and through one or more outlet or discharge valves 3 with a receiver-space, and comprises a piston 4 driven in reciprocation to either side of a reference level A-A from a ro'- tary drive shaft 5 through a mechanical movement-converting system 6 of the connecting rod and crankshaft type.
In all usual cases, the Variations of the distance :c of the piston from its reference level as a function of time are substantially sinusoidal in character as illustrated in Fig. 2. In this graph it is assumed that at an initial instant, the piston stood at its uppermost position at the start of its downward or suction stroke, the discharge valve being open or closed, and that the intake valve or valves were closed. After the piston has started on its downward or suction stroke, the discharge valve closes under the action of the pressure prevailing in the receiver space, and possibly under the additional action of a return spring. A depression is thus generated in the chamber as the piston during its suction stroke moves away from said uppermost position. As the piston reaches a certain level :r1 at the time t1, this suction becomes high enough to cause the intake valve to open. At this point the useful part of the intake stroke sets in, and this useful part will terminate as the piston reaches its lower dead centre position, i. e. the level x2, at the'time t2. The piston then starts on its compression stroke.. The intake valve is closed under the action of the internal pressure which builds up, and possibly under the additional action of a return spring, while the discharge valve opens as soon as the piston reaches Aa certain level ma at the time t3. At this point the useful part of the compression and delivery stroke commences.
It is clear that the efficiency of the pump depends essentially on the fraction of the cycle which is occupied by the idle periods required to reach the positions x1 and fc3, that is, to cause the operation of the valves especially that of the intake valve. The inertia of the valves being imposed by practical considerations, their open- .ing and closure will occur at a predetermined value of the internal depression, and the fraction of the cycle required to attain this depression will be substantially constant all other factors being equal, so that if the operating frequency is increased, in the sinusoidal type of operation assumed, then the remaining part of the cycles duration will, from a given instant, become insuicient to allow of the chamber being adequately filled. This will explain the fact that the efficiency of a pump operating in the sinusoidal mode of operation, rapidly drops off as the operating frequency reaches and exceeds a definite value.
In practice, a rate of 900 to 1000 cycles per second is an upper limit which is not easily surpassed with the currently known systems.
The chart of Fig. 3 illustrates a method of control or drive according to the invention, characterized by the :fact that the displacements imposed on the piston, instead of being purely sinusoidal in character, rather assume the character of distorted sinusoids or even that of separate pulses with intervening idle periods of substantial duration occurring at the lowermost position of the piston. In particular, during the pistons travel from its upper to its lower position, i. e. during the suction stroke, the piston is notably accelerated. For a given value of the inertia of the intake valve or valves, and in order to reach a similar rate of internal depression as in the corresponding sinusoidal mode of operation, the time ti required by said intake valves to open, is found in such conditions to be reduced as the downward movement of the piston is effected faster. The piston remains at its lowermost position until the time tz and it may be seen that the time available for the lling of the cylinder under the action of the pressure in the fluid-source space is correspondingly increased. The instant at which the intake valves close and also that at which the discharge valves open, is for example t'e., and the remainder of the upward stroke of the piston is that corresponding to the compression and discharge phase. This upward part of the pulses may have a slope not necessarily identical with that of the downgoing part.
It is interesting to consider in reference to Figures 2 and 3 a wave shape factor s, which will be defined as follows:
for sinusoidal operation (Fig. l):
s=(zli) /fi for pulse operation (Fig. 2):
s'=(l'2t'1)/t'i Obviously s' s. Due to the pulse type of opera.- tion, the filling period of the chamber is increased over that obtained in the sinusoidal mode of operation, for an equal frequency: in other words', it is possible to obtain a filling period of such a long duration as may only be realized at a substantially lower frequency in sinusoidal operation; or again, for a given efficiency, it becomes possible to increase theI operating frequency and hence reduce the volume of the pump. The provision of such a drive using mechanical means becomes impracticable for comparatively high frequencies. On the other hand, it is exceedingly simple to provide a drive device according to the invention, which will now be described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiment of Figs. 4 to 7.
This example relates t0 an air pump consisting of a head plate Ill forming the top or valve-box, of frustoconical sectional configuration, of the variable-volume capacity or compression cham'- ber I l, and having associated with a flexible wall element or diaphragm of rubber or equivalent exible material Ill (termed hereinafter the reciprocable iluid displacement member) `which provides lower wall. This diaphragm may consist of a disc simply `cut out ci a sheet Aof rubber, or a specially formed part, e. g. a molded cap as illustrated. The diaphragm is clamped aft its periphery between the vmargin or rthe head plate il and 'an-letal annulus lf3 which in turn is rigidly7 mountedin ya general cylindrical casing M. The compression chamber i yi communicates througha elmmnferential set of apertures l5 vsealed by 'an armular'f-intakc valve i 6 with'the atmosphere, and through a central passage H sealed bya discharge valve 18, with a receiver space not shown. The details of this` section of the pump are Avisible in Fig. '7, where it `is seen that the intake valve i6 isapp'lled against the orifices It by a spring i3 in the form -of va spider wedged at its corners in-a circular groove 2l) formed. for this pur-pose in the upper part of chamber il. The intake 'valve is preferably y-inovided with splines such as yIlia at its under face, .and 'projections such as 19a formed on :the spring 'I9 (e. g. simply punched or struck out therefrom) engaging into a groove dened by these splines. As a result of this device, a kind of self-centring effect is obtained for the intake valverineinber, which averts the necessity of'having to mount "this member in a guide `conduit and thereby reducing the pressure losses at intake. Itis further lsee-n that 'the ydischarge valve member 118 consists of a spider-shaped lia-nge applied over the discharge passage by a spring-21| abutted against a nut 22 lscrewed in a cylindrical boss or socket 23 lserving `as a union for connecting the pump `with any load apparatus.
The central part vof the movable wall element il! .(Fig. 4) is clamped between a thin rigid disc 23 and a cap 24 formed with a frustoconical flange 25, the prei-'lle of this cap member conforming substantially to that of the upper part of cham "y:
ber Il. The cam 2'4 is secured to the top of a cylinder 26 made of plastic material or light nonmagnetic alloy, longitudinally slotted and -providing a bobbin or casing for a winding 2l arranged in the airgap of a magnetic circuit '218 including a Acore '29 and a eld plate 3D; the `magnetic field in sa-idcircuit may be permanent or it may be provided by an exciter winding such as 3|. It will be recognized that an electro-dynamicv motor is-'thus provided of the kind used `for instance 'in loud-speakers, and which inthe present instance will 'be adapted to impart a reciproca-tory motion to the movable wall element I2 ofthe pump upon a suitable alternating current being made to flow through the movable winding '27.
. The movable winding is suspended from and centred by two spider members 32, 33 outwardly clamped lbetween clamping rings 34, 35 and vthe anni-1111s I3, and inwardly between circular rings 36, 31 provided for this purpose `on the free outer surface of the cylinder 26. These spiders may each 'be widely recessed in the way well known in the art of lloud-speaker construction, and they may be made from plastics or resilient metal or any other suitable material. When made of resilient material, they may participate in assuring the resilient return action required inthe motion assumed by the movable coil.
Several sets of holes 38, 39, 4b, 4l place the casing in communication with the atmosphere and prevent the occur-rence of any excess pressure outside the compression chamber of the pump itself. Similar apertures v42 may :be formed in the movable cylinder 2i as well.
'Tl-ie motor as a whole is secured in the `Icasing 6 ill, for instance 'by la nut 43, while the valve-box is. secured by bol-ts 44. The motor thus provided may be supplied sinusoidal alternating current, ibut preferably, -ac- -cording tothe invention andas stated previously,
a supply of the pulse type is used, whereby all of the -diilculties encountered in apparatus `of conventional and purely mechanical design, Aare averted. vIn either case, the movable Winding v.in the movable wall l2 of 'the compression chamber `Ill v1will move between a lowerm'ost position, shown in Fig. '4, and an uppermost position, which may be that illustrated in Fig, i5. It is interesting .to note that, owing to the electrodynamic drive of the invention, it becomes quite practicable and safe 'to increase the amplitude of the movements of the `movable wall 'element to a point where said Wall `element will strike the ceiling `of the .compress-ion chamber, that is, the amplitude of the drive current may ce chosen Iequal or greater than the value for which the stroke of .the movable wallfelement becomes equal to the height .dimension vof the chamber.; for the drive is so :fisicible as to preclude any possibility 4of breakage.
The frusto-conicalilange 25 of the cap 24 provides a :support for the free portion of .the exible wall .element i2 and Asupports the same during the period yor compression when the Wall element basa tendency to be inflated. Owing to this ar rangement, the flexible wall element iis 'practically subjected to no resilient .stress whatever, its 'operation being restricted to .a sequence vof Sto-andfro buckling movement-s to either :side of its clamped margin.
.A very important advantage of the device 'according to the invention lies in the possibility ci operating it at the frequency of the network, i. e. at either 50 cycles or 60 cycles per second A(3006 or 3600 per minute), as the case maybe. greatly simpliiies the problem .ci supply. the-simplest wayfof providing a pulse-drive device according 'to the invention, is to supply it with simply recticd A.C., as is shown diagrammaticallyin Fig. Sa., Fig. 8b showing the wave form produced by the larrangement of Fig. 8a, 0f course, any of a wide number of known means, may be used to foreshorten the duration of the pulses applied; thus, polarized rectifiers (Fig. 10c), .shunted rectiilers (Fig. 9a), grid-control thyratrons, saturated transformers and inductors, etc., `may be used. Figs. 9b and '10b respectively show the wave forms produced by the circuits ci Figs. 9u and 10a.
Experience shows that with the use of simply rectied A.C., hence with a iilling period, i. e. an idle .inter-pulse period, hardly if at all longer vin duration than one half-cycle, very satisfactory efficiency factors are already obtained at a rate of 3000 or 3600 cycles per minute, as supplied 'by the usual networks.
.It appears hardly necessary to lay stress on the advantages provided by the invention; still, vI may again emphasize the ease with which pulses of 'known and predetermined wave form maybe provided, the elimina-tion of all delicate mechanical organs (shafts, bearings, reciprocating rods, and the like? and of lubrication, etc.
The 'invention is by no means restricted :to the single form of embodiment illustrated and described by way of example. Numerous and -diverse developments and/or variants may obviously be conceived. Thus, the invention is applicable to a pump using a piston or a diaphragm. In the case of an apparatus of the type described, practically noiselessoperation may becbtainedby 'lining the valve members and the upper face of the disc 23 with a thin coating of rubber or equivalent substance.
What I claim is:
1. A fluid pump device comprising a casing, a head-plate, a recess in said plate, a flexible diaphragm, means for peripherally clamping said diaphragm around said recess, said recess and said diaphragm dening a variable volume chamber, intake and delivery valve means adapted to this chamber, a cap member of a shape conformed' to that of said recess and secured to a central portion of said diaphragm outside of said chamber, a magnet integral with said casing and providing a magnetic circuit including an airgap, a hollow nonmagnetic bobbin adapted to reciprocate through said air-gap and coupled to said cap, an electric coil wound on said bobbin to reciprocate in and through said air-gap and `means for supplying periodical electric current to said coil.
2. A fluid pump device according to claim l, comprising resilient spider means extending bctween said bobbin and said casing and adapted to center said coil within said air-gap.
3. A iiuid pump device according to claim 1 comprising resilient spider means between said bobbin and said casing, adapted to center said coil within said air-gap and to exert a returning force on said diaphragm in operation.
4. A fluid pump device comprising a casing; a recessed head plate forming a frustoconical'top or valve-box for said casing tapering towards a base, a flexible diaphragm peripherally clamped to said plate, thus defining therewith a variable I volume fluid chamber, a central outlet passage and a circumferential set or" inlet passages being provided in said base, an annular intake valve member Within said chamber adapted to seal the openings of said inlet passages thereinto, a spring in the form of a spider wedged at its corners in a circular groove formed in said box around said base and thereby adapted to apply said intake valve member against said inlet passages, av discharge valve member resiliently applied over said outlet passage, driving means secured on said diaphragm over a central portion thereof opposite to said base, a magnet forming a magnetic circuit including an air-gap, a coil coupled to said driving means and adapted to reciprocate through said air-gap, and means for supplying periodical electric current to said coil.
5. A fluid pump device according to claim 4 wherein said annular intake valve member is provided with circular splines defining annular grooves therebetween and projections are pro' vided on said spring to engage said grooves, whereby a self centering effect -is obtained for said intake valve member.
6. A reciprocable fluid pump arrangement, comprising, in combination, a pump housing; inlet valve means and outlet valve means communicating with the interior of said pump housing; a reciprocable fluid displacing member operatively connected to said pump housing and being adapted to carry out intermittent suction and compression strokes sucking into said pump housing during said suction strokes fluid through said inlet valve means and delivering from said pump housing during said compression strokes iiuid through said outletI valve means; a magnetic structure including a stationary' part and a movable part, said movable part being connected to said reciprocable fluid displacing member and being arranged at a slight distance apart from said stationary part, one of said parts including an electric coil and the other of said parts including a magnetic body so that supply of an alternating current to said coil will result in a reciprocating suction and compression movement of said movable part relative to said stationary part of said magnetic structure and in corresponding suction and compression strokes, re-
spectively, of said reciprocable fluid displacing member; means for producing an alternating current having cycles being each composed of a short and along cycle portion, the current continuously changing during said short cycle portion from one peak value to the opposite peak value, said short cycle portion being substantially shorter than said long cycle portion; and means connecting said alternating current producing means to said coil so as to energize said coil for said suction movement of said movable part during each long cycle portion of said alternating current and-for said compression movement of said movable part during each short cycle portion of said'alternating current, thereby opening said inlet valve means during each of said long cycle portions and opening said outlet valve means during each of said short cycle portions.
7. A reciprocable fluid pump arrangement, comprising, in combination, a pump housing; inlet valve means and outlet valve means communieating with the interior of said pump housing; a reciprocable fluid displacing member operatively connected to said pump housing and being adapted to carry out intermittent suction and compression strokes sucking into said pump housduring said suction strokes fluid through said inlet valve means and delivering from said pump housing during said compression strokes fluid through said outlet valve means; a magnetic structure including a stationary part consisting of a magnetic body, and a movable part connected to said reciprocable fluid displacing member and beingarranged at a slight distance apart from said stationary part, an electric coil arranged on said movable part so that supply of an alternating current to said coil Will result ina reciprocating suction and compression movement of said movable part relative to said stationary part of said magnetic structure and in corresponding suction and compression strokes, respectively, of said reciprocable fluid displacing member; means for producing an alternating cur-L rent having cycles being each composed of a short and a long cycle portion, the current continuously changing during said short cycle portion from one peak value to the opposite peak value, said short cycle portion being substantially shorter than said long cycle portion; and means connecting said alternating current producing means to said coil so as to energize saidcoil for said suction movement of said movable part during each long cycle portion of said alternating current and for said compression movement of said movable part during each short cycle portion of said alternating current, thereby opening said inlet valve means during each of said long cycle portions and opening said outlet valve means during each of said short cycle portions.
8. In a reciprocable fluid pump, in combination, Walls forming a fluid chamber; a flexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocablc from a first position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second posi-4 tions of said flexible wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said. fluid chamber; intake and dis-- charge. valves arranged in saidv Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said ilexible wall element; driving means rigidly connected withY charge valves to closeandopen in a cycle depend-- ing on the Wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil.
9. In a reciprocable fluid pump, in combination, Walls forming a iiuid chamber; a ilexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible wall element being reciprocable from a rst position into a second position and vice versa, said rst and second. positions-of said flexible Wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positivepressure are set up in said uid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly connected with saidflexible wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable. coil arranged in said air gap of said mag-neticcircuit and rigidly connected to said. driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current tov said coil so as to reciprocatel thesamein said air gap, Whereby said flexible Wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement` causingv saidintake and discharge valves. to` close and open in a cycle depending on the Wave form of the low frequency current'supplied to said coil.
l0. In a reciprocable iluid pump, in combination, walls forming a fluid chamber; a ilexible wall element forming part of said Wall-s ci said chamber, said iiex-ible wall element being reciprocable from a iirst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said flexible Wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and` maximum volumes oi4` said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged insaid:v Walls; and: opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by'areciprocating movement oi' said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly connected with said flexible wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a Wave form distorting device, whereby said flexible wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake and discharge Valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the wave form ci the low frequency current supplied to said coil.
l1. In a reciprocable iiuid pump, in combination, walls forming a fluid chamber; a iiexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocable from a first position into a second position and vice versa, said rst and second positions of said ilexible wall element corresponding,
respectively, to the-minimum and maximum vol-- umes of said fluid chamber; intake anddischarge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible wall element; driving mea-ns rigidly connected with said.v flexible Wall element; a magnetic circuit havingv an air gap; a movable. coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as' to reciprocate the' same in said air gap, saidl supplying' means including a rectifying device distorting the Wave form of the low frequencyv current, whereby said 'flexible wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing; said intake and discharge valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the wave form of the low frequency current pplied to said coil.
12. In a reciprocable iiuid pump, in combina.- ticn walls forming a fluid chamber; a flexible. Wall element formingr part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocable from a nrst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said exible wall element corresponding, re.- spectively, to the minimum and maximum volurnes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said walls and opening,` respectively, when a partial vacuum and apositive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement oi said flexible wall element; driving means rigidly connected with saidv ilexifble wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air ci magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for. supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as.
to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a wave form distorting device, whereby said ilexible Wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake andv discharge; valves toclo-se and open in a cycle depending ony the wave form of the low frequency current supplied to said coil, the distorted wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil consisting of ashort cycle por;- tion and a long cycle portion being substantially longer thanv said short cycle portion, saidA coil being, arranged so as to cause saidA flexible Wall element to set up a positive pressure during said short cycle portionv and a partial vacuum during said long cycle portion.
13. In a reciprocablev fluid pump, in combination, walls forming a uid chamber; a flexible Wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said ilexible wall element being reciprocable from a iirst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said exible wall. element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said uid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly connected with said flexible Wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movab e coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a wave form distorting device,
whereby said flexible wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake and discharge valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the wave form of the low frequency current supplied to said coil, the distorted wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil consisting of a short cycle portion and a long cycle portion being substantially longer than said short cycle portion, said coil being arranged so as to cause said flexible wall element to set up a positive pressure during said short cycle portion and a partial vacuum during said long cycle portion, said long cycle portion consisting of a iirst part having a duration approximately equal t that of said short cycle portion and a second part during which the distorted wave form remains substantially constant.
14. In a reciprocable fluid pump, in combina tion, walls forming a uid'chamber; a flexible wall element forming part of said walls of said chamber, said flexible Wall element being reciprocable from a first position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said flexible wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible Wall element; driving means rigidly `connected with said flexible Wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a lovv frequency current to said coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a rectifying device distorting the Wave form of the low frequency current, whereby said exible Wall element is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake and discharge valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the Wave form of the low frequency current supplied to said coil, the distorted Wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil consisting of a short cycle portion and a long cycle portion being substantially longer than said short cycle portion, said coil being arranged so as to cause said ilexible wall element to set up a positive pressure during said short cycle portion and a partial vacuum during said long cycle portion.
.15. In a reciprocable fluid pump, in combination, Walls forming a iluid chamber; a flexible Wall element forming part of said Walls of said l2 chamber, said flexible wall element being reciprocable from a rst position into a second position and vice versa, said first and second positions of said flexible Wall element corresponding, respectively, to the minimum and maximum volumes of said fluid chamber; intake and discharge valves arranged in said Walls and opening, respectively, when a partial vacuum and a positive pressure are set up in said fluid chamber by a reciprocating movement of said flexible wall element; driving means rigidly connected with said flexible wall element; a magnetic circuit having an air gap; a movable coil arranged in said air gap of said magnetic -circuit and rigidly connected to said driving means; and means for supplying a low frequency current to said -coil so as to reciprocate the same in said air gap, said supplying means including a rectifying device distorting the Wave form of the low frequency current, whereby said flexible Wall element'is imparted a reciprocating movement causing said intake and discharge valves to close and open in a cycle depending on the Wave form of the low frequency current supplied to said coil, the distorted Wave form of the alternating current supplied to said coil consisting of a short cycle portion and a long cycle portion being substantially longer than said short cycle portion, said coil being arranged so as to cause said ilexible wall element to set up a positive pressure during said short cycle portion and a partial vacuum during said long cycle portion, said long cycle portion consisting of a rst part having a duration approximately equal to that of said short cycle portion and a second part during which the distorted Wave form remains substantially constant.
SHELLEY PRESENTEY.
vReferences Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 458,873 Van Depoele Sept. 1, 1891 507,946 Van Depoele Oct. 31, 1893 519,652 Carpenter May 8, 1894- 520,83@ Thomson June 5, 1894 1,330,442 Trurnble June '7, 1921 1,713,073 Carter May 14, 1929 1,737,387 Redmond Nov. 26, 1929 2,435,003 Hasselhorn June 27', 1948 2,558,329 Abott June 26, 1951 FGREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 585,298 Germany 1933
US194587A 1950-06-23 1950-11-08 Reciprocating pump Expired - Lifetime US2669937A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2669937X 1950-06-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2669937A true US2669937A (en) 1954-02-23

Family

ID=9687764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US194587A Expired - Lifetime US2669937A (en) 1950-06-23 1950-11-08 Reciprocating pump

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2669937A (en)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2869474A (en) * 1954-07-24 1959-01-20 Pleuger Friedrich Wilhelm Diaphragm piston pump
US2926615A (en) * 1954-01-28 1960-03-01 Acf Ind Inc Electro-dynamic fuel pump
US2931925A (en) * 1952-07-26 1960-04-05 Sofix A G Oscillatory drives more particularly for small refrigerating machines
US3205826A (en) * 1962-05-05 1965-09-14 Stefani Roberto De Electromagnetic vibration pumps
US4188896A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-02-19 The Singer Company Diaphragm pump for needle threading
US4189936A (en) * 1978-10-13 1980-02-26 Ellis David M Pressure generator
US4421464A (en) * 1979-04-14 1983-12-20 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Liquid helium pump
US4561431A (en) * 1982-12-01 1985-12-31 Snyder Laboratories, Inc. Lavage system with linear motor
US5201643A (en) * 1990-03-31 1993-04-13 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Compression machine
US5251539A (en) * 1991-03-26 1993-10-12 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Bellows pump
US5607292A (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-03-04 Rao; Dantam K. Electromagnetic disk pump
US20100221131A1 (en) * 2005-09-27 2010-09-02 Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd Pump
US20120308412A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2012-12-06 Jean-Denis Rochat Diaphragm Metering Pump Device for Medical Use
US20120315157A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2012-12-13 Jean-Denis Rochat Reciprocating Positive-Displacement Diaphragm Pump For Medical Use
US20140134019A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Mindray Medical Sweden Ab Magnetic circuit
DE102013215033A1 (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-02-05 Kuhnke Automation Gmbh & Co. Kg Diaphragm pump with electric vibrator
US11326588B2 (en) * 2018-08-08 2022-05-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Diaphragm-type compressor, projector, cooler, and method for compressing fluid

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US458873A (en) * 1891-09-01 Poele
US507946A (en) * 1893-10-31 Portable electric pump
US519662A (en) * 1894-05-08 Electromagnetic tool
US520810A (en) * 1894-06-05 Electric reciprocating motor
US1380442A (en) * 1919-07-29 1921-06-07 Walter L Mack Fuel-supplying means for motor-vehicles
US1713073A (en) * 1925-09-28 1929-05-14 William C Carter Electrically-operated fuel pump
US1737387A (en) * 1925-05-18 1929-11-26 Marvel Carbureter Co Electric motor
DE585298C (en) * 1930-10-12 1933-09-30 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Electromagnetically driven diaphragm pump
US2435003A (en) * 1943-12-06 1948-01-27 Cook Electric Co System of deicing for aircraft, vessels, etc.
US2558329A (en) * 1946-11-13 1951-06-26 Airkem Inc Controlled power operated diffuser

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US458873A (en) * 1891-09-01 Poele
US507946A (en) * 1893-10-31 Portable electric pump
US519662A (en) * 1894-05-08 Electromagnetic tool
US520810A (en) * 1894-06-05 Electric reciprocating motor
US1380442A (en) * 1919-07-29 1921-06-07 Walter L Mack Fuel-supplying means for motor-vehicles
US1737387A (en) * 1925-05-18 1929-11-26 Marvel Carbureter Co Electric motor
US1713073A (en) * 1925-09-28 1929-05-14 William C Carter Electrically-operated fuel pump
DE585298C (en) * 1930-10-12 1933-09-30 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Electromagnetically driven diaphragm pump
US2435003A (en) * 1943-12-06 1948-01-27 Cook Electric Co System of deicing for aircraft, vessels, etc.
US2558329A (en) * 1946-11-13 1951-06-26 Airkem Inc Controlled power operated diffuser

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2931925A (en) * 1952-07-26 1960-04-05 Sofix A G Oscillatory drives more particularly for small refrigerating machines
US2926615A (en) * 1954-01-28 1960-03-01 Acf Ind Inc Electro-dynamic fuel pump
US2869474A (en) * 1954-07-24 1959-01-20 Pleuger Friedrich Wilhelm Diaphragm piston pump
US3205826A (en) * 1962-05-05 1965-09-14 Stefani Roberto De Electromagnetic vibration pumps
US4188896A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-02-19 The Singer Company Diaphragm pump for needle threading
US4189936A (en) * 1978-10-13 1980-02-26 Ellis David M Pressure generator
US4421464A (en) * 1979-04-14 1983-12-20 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Liquid helium pump
US4561431A (en) * 1982-12-01 1985-12-31 Snyder Laboratories, Inc. Lavage system with linear motor
US5201643A (en) * 1990-03-31 1993-04-13 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Compression machine
US5251539A (en) * 1991-03-26 1993-10-12 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Bellows pump
US5607292A (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-03-04 Rao; Dantam K. Electromagnetic disk pump
US20100221131A1 (en) * 2005-09-27 2010-09-02 Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd Pump
US20120308412A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2012-12-06 Jean-Denis Rochat Diaphragm Metering Pump Device for Medical Use
US20120315157A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2012-12-13 Jean-Denis Rochat Reciprocating Positive-Displacement Diaphragm Pump For Medical Use
US9050408B2 (en) * 2009-12-23 2015-06-09 Jean-Denis Rochat Reciprocating positive-displacement diaphragm pump for medical use
US20140134019A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Mindray Medical Sweden Ab Magnetic circuit
DE102013215033A1 (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-02-05 Kuhnke Automation Gmbh & Co. Kg Diaphragm pump with electric vibrator
US11326588B2 (en) * 2018-08-08 2022-05-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Diaphragm-type compressor, projector, cooler, and method for compressing fluid

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2669937A (en) Reciprocating pump
US3381623A (en) Electromagnetic reciprocating fluid pump
US3931554A (en) Reciprocating motor-compressor system
US6676388B2 (en) Gas compression apparatus for reciprocating compressor
US5772410A (en) Linear compressor with compact motor
US2631538A (en) Diaphragm pump
US3219969A (en) Electroacoustic transducer and driving circuit therefor
US1425191A (en) Pumping apparatus
US2194535A (en) Electric translating device
US2568757A (en) Vibratory electric motor
EP0305490A1 (en) Stabilizing means for free piston-type linear resonant reciprocating machines
US4395649A (en) Linear electromagnetic vibrator
KR20030088140A (en) Linear compressor
US3729691A (en) Electro-mechanical oscillator of electrodynamical and electromagnetic types
US4169696A (en) High pressure fluid pump
US3394657A (en) Electro-magnetic, reciprocating pumping mechanism
US2054097A (en) Harmonic compressor
US1493259A (en) Alternating-current oscillating motor
US3492819A (en) Magnetic fluid pressure converter
US3075471A (en) Pump and operating means
US3586456A (en) Compressors for fluids
US2228565A (en) Pumping mechanism
US3543061A (en) Reciprocable motor core laminations with involute and radial sections
CN109653987B (en) Linear compressor with oil supply device
US3573514A (en) Reciprocating motor with excursion multiplication