US32252A - Improvement in annealing car-wheels - Google Patents

Description

A. L. MowRY.

Annealling` .Car Wheels. No.V 32,252. Patented May 7, 1861.

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A. L. MOWRY, OF OINOINN ATI, OI-IIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN ANNEALING CAR-WHEELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 32,252, dated May 7, 1861.

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, A. L. MOWRY, of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Annealing Car Wheels; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

Myinvention consists in the use of charcoal or other equivalent substance interlaid with the wheels in the annealing-pits, in connection with the regulated admission of air, for the purpose of heating the wheels up to a proper temperature, prolonging the heat, and permitting them to cool in the course of a given time gradually, as will be more particularly explained below.

In order that others duly skilled may be enabled to understand and construct and use my invention, I shall proceed to describe it in detail.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of two annealing-pits and the necessary fines. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the same.

Like letters of :reference designate like parts in all the drawings.

A A are two annealingpits, which may be constructed of double metal shells a a, with concrete or other refractory material, b, between, or they may be merely built of brick.

B is the horizontal flue, communicating with inside of pits by the perforated plates (in bottom of pit) c c..

C is the vertical iiue or chimney-shaft, which communicates with horizontal flue B, and may be of any convenient height.

D is a cover provided to each pit. In the center of cover is an opening, d, which is closed by a damper, c.

lw w are car-wheels built up in the pits,with charcoal between, and f a perforated cast-iron plate laid on top of the topmost layer of char coal, so as to distribute the air admitted equably through the fuel in the pit.

The operation of my invention is as follows: A layer of charcoal having been laid 'on the perforated bottom c of the annealing-pit, the wheels as they are turned out of the molds red-hot are placed in the pit with a layer of charcoal between each wheel, a layer of charcoal being laid on the uppermost wheel, and on this a perforated metal plate is laid. The charcoal becoming now ignited by the4 hot wheels, the cover of pit is then laid on and the damper opened so as to admit just sufficient air to effect the combustion of the contained charcoal in the space of seventy-two hours, less or more, as may be found necessary for the annealing operation. The draft of air in the apparatus shown on drawings is from above downward; but it may, without affecting my invention, be from below upward by conveying the air from the horizontal line up through the pits and through the aperture in cover, and from thence through dues into the main shaft or chimney C. The result will be the same in both cases, and the adoption of one or the other plan will be dictated by convenience.

It is well understood that chilled carwheels require to be cooled by a process which will permit the different parts to adjust themselves to each other and accommodate the unequal contraction which results from themprocess of chilling. For this purpose the wheels while still hot are sometimes placed in pits and covered with dry sand, which causes them to retain their heat for a considerable time, and in slowly cooling the adjustment above referred to takes place. In other cases the wheels are placed in pits, where they are heated by a furnace and maintained at a high heat for several days. In other cases they are placed in pits and a current of air is caused to pass through the center eye of the wheel,which cools the hub more rapidly than the rim is cooled, thus reversing the process which takes place when the wheel is rst cast in a mold with a chill surrounding the rim.

All of these devices and others which it is not necessary to specify are attended with difficulties and with imperfections which it is the design of my invention to obviate. In the operation of my invention it is found that the wheels when removed from the annealing-pit are devoid of any strain from unequal contraction, and that they afford as much apparent resistance to fracture as if they had been cast in an ordinary sand mold without the use of a chill.

I do not claim as my invention, or any part thereof, the pits, ilues, or currents of air for same, so as to prolong the combustion 0f the thepurpose herein described; but fuel and retain the heat, for the purpose herein What I claim as new7 and desire to vsecure described. by Letters Patent, is

The employment of charcoal or other equiva v A' L MOWRY' lent combustible substance interlaid between Witnesses: the wheels in apit,in combination with an aper- THos. M. WITHENBIER,

ture, d, for regulating the supply of air to the WM. GLOUG H.

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