US3307481A

US3307481A - Apparatus for generating oil spray for working on metals with cutting tools

Info

Publication number: US3307481A
Application number: US444701A
Authority: US
Inventors: Castelet Gaetan De Coye De
Original assignee: Renault SAS
Current assignee: Renault SAS; Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Priority date: 1964-04-03
Filing date: 1965-04-01
Publication date: 1967-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 1984-03-07
Also published as: FR1398933A; GB1087115A

Description

Mar h 7, 9 G.'DE COYE DE CASTELET 3,307,481

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OIL SPRAY FOR WORKING ON METALS WITH CUTTING TOOLS Filed April 1, 1965 IMAM Gdian De Coye De casele' United States Patent 3,307,481 APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OIL SPRAY FOR WORKING ON METALS WITH CUTTING TOOLS Gaetan de Coye de Castelet, Billancourt, France, assignor to Regie Nationale des Usines Renault, Billancourt,

France, a French works Filed Apr. 1, 1965, Ser. No. 444,701 Claims priority, application France, Apr. 3, 1964, 969,676, Patent 1,398,933 Claims. (Cl. 103-6) This invention relates to apparatus for generating atomized cutting-oil for working on metals.

The oil atomizing apparatus according to the present invention permits blowing intermittently and alternately, onto the places where the cutting tools attack the metal, first a mixture of air and oil and then air alone. It comprises a compressed-air supply conduit adapted to be connected to an intermittent compressed-air source and communicating with a conduit for discharging oil and air through a passageway of reduced section. A pneumatically-controlled valve is provided with a pneumatic control chamber which communicates with said supply conduit and which is obturated by a fluidtight partition integral with an obturator and adapted to move within the pneumatic control chamber. Said obturator is permanently biased into the open position by elastic means and cooperates with a seat situated within an oil-passing chamber. An oil inlet conduit has a port t-hereinto and is adapted to be connected to an oil tank. The passageway through said seat communicates with the 'working chamber of a pneumatically-controlled reciprocating pump inside which a movable fiuidtight partition separates said working chamber from a pneumatical control chamber communicating with the compressed-air supply conduit. A spring continuously urges said movable partition towards the control chamber. Through the medium of a delivery valve, the working chamber communicates with a jet having a port in the air and oil discharge conduit and whose outlet is positioned in the path of the air stream issuing from the passageway of reduced'section.

Other features of the invention will become clearly apparent from the description which follows of one possible form of embodiment of the apparatus, given with reference to the accompanying non-limitative exemplary drawing, in which:

. FIGURE 1 is a schematic sectional view of an apparatus according to the invention;

FIGURES 2 and 3 illustrate the two units which comprise the body of an apparatus according to the invention;

FIGURE 4 shows an apparatus according to the invention, the constituent units of which are shown in section through the lines IVIV of FIGURES 2 and 3, and

FIGURE 5 shows the apparatus of FIGURE 4, but with its constituent units seen in section through the lines VV of FIGURES 2 and 3.

As the schematic sectional view of FIGURE 1 clearly shows, the body of an apparatus according to the invention, one possible embodiment of which is shown by way of example in the figure, consists of a first unit 1 and a second unit 2. The various conduits, cavities and chambers are machined out of or cast into these two solid plastic or metal units.

The apparatus includes a compressed-air supply conduit 3 connected through a calibrated constriction or passageway of reduced section 4 to an oil and air discharge conduit 5. It further includes a pneumaticallycontrolled valve 6 adapted to be connected through an oil inlet conduit 7 to an oil tank (not shown), which valve is positioned upflow of a reciprocating pump 8 and communicates therewith through a conduit 9. Positioned downilow of said pump is a delivery valve 10 connected 3,307,481 Patented Mar. 7, 1967 thereto through a conduit 11 and communicating with a jet 12 having a port in the discharge conduit 5 through a conduit 13. The outlet of the jet 12 is so positioned in the extension of the passageway of reduced section 4 that said jet acts as a spray nozzle.

The pneumatically controlled valve 6 is a diaphragmtype valve comprising a pneumatic-control chamber 14 separated from an oil-passing chamber 15 by said diaphragm. The control chamber 14 communicates with the supply conduit 3 through a conduit 16. The oil inlet conduit 7 communicates with the oil-passing chamber 15. The conduit 9 has a port in the latter via a seat 17 which is freed by the diaphragm when the latter is in the inoperative position but which can be obturated by the same when the compressed air entering the control chamber 14 exerts pressure on the diaphragm.

The reciprocating pump 8 is a diaphragm-type pump comprising a pneumatic-control chamber 18 and a working chamber separated therefrom by the diaphragm. The control chamber 18 communicates with the supply conduit 3 through a conduit 20. The working chamber 19 communicates, on the one hand, with the passage through the seat 17 of valve 6 via the conduit 9 and, on the other hand, with the delivery valve 10 via the conduit 11. A compression spring 21 is mounted under compression in the working chamber 19 and exerts pressure against the diaphragm through the medium of a pusher 22 to continuously urge the diaphragm towards the control chamber 18.

The pump delivery valve 10 is a diaphragm-type valve comprising an oil-passing chamber 23 and a cavity 24 separated therefrom by the diaphragm. The conduit 11 communicates with the oil-passing chamber 23. The conduit 13 has a port into the latter through a seat 25 against which the diaphragm is applied when in its inoperative position.

Lastly, the diaphragms of the valve 6, the pump 8 and the valve 10 are constituted by a single common diaphragm 26 made of an elastomer such as natural or synthetic rubber, gripped between the two

units

1 and 2, the latter being secured together by means of screws.

The apparatus according to the invention hereinbefore described may be connected via its discharge conduit 5 either to a pipe (not shown) for directing the stream of oil and air onto the contact point between a tool and the material being cut thereby, or to a distributor for supplying a plurality of tubes in cases where a cutting spray must be supplied to a multiplicity of machining stations at the same time. The supply conduit 3 must be connected to means for supplying compressed air in successive pulses, each of a certain duration. This can be accomplished, for instance, by connecting the supply conduit 3 to a'compressed-air source through the medium of a valve 27 or a pneumatically 0r electromagnetically-op erated valve whose opening is controlled by a cam 28 the movement of which is referenced to the rate of advance of the tool or tools.

The apparatus described hereinabove functions in the following manner:

With the apparatus mounted as disclosed precedingly and its diaphragm 26 in the position shown in FIGURE 1, opening of the valve 27 will cause a considerable pressure to prevail in the supply conduit 3 due to the constriction formed by the passageway of reduced section 4. As the compressed air thus exerts its pressure in the pneumatic control chambers'14 and 18 on the diaphragm 26, the latter is applied against the seat 17 of valve 6 and moves downwardly in the pump 8, thereby driving the air contained in the working chamber 19 into the conduit 11 and into the oil-passing chamber 23 of the delivery valve 10. The air then escapes through the con- 3

duits

13 and 5 by lifting the diaphragm from the seat 25 in the chamber 23.

As soon as the valve 27 has been closed, either manually or by the cam 28, the air under pressure contained in the supply conduit 3 escapes through the passageway 4 and the conduit 5. Since the pressure then drops in the control chambers 14 of

valve

6 and 18 of pump 8, respectively, the result is, on the one hand, that the diaphragm uncovers the opening through the seat 17 and thereby frees the passage from conduit 7 to conduit 9 and, on the other hand, that the diaphragm is raised inside the pump by the spring 21 and creates a reduced pressure in the working chamber 19, in the conduit 11 and in the oil-passing chamber 23 of valve 10. Since this reduced pressure and the elasticity of the diaphragm in the valve cause the latter to close, oil in the tank (not shown) is sucked through the

conduits

7 and 9 into the pump working-chamber 19.

On the subsequent opening of valve 27, the pneumatically-controlled valve 6 is closed and the pump diaphragm, respectively to the air pressure prevailing in control chamber 18, drives the oil contained in working chamber 19- into the conduit 13 via the valve 10, the diaphragm of which is lifted from the seat 25 responsively to the oil pressure. The oil escaping from the jet 12 is immediately atomized by the air stream issuing from the passage 4, and the mixture of air and oil is blown onto the tool or tools. When all the oil contained in the working chamber 19 has been atomized, compressed air continues to be blown out for a time dependent upon the length and displacement imparted to the cam 28 to permit discharging the swarf produced by the machining.

As soon as the intake of compressed air ceases, the diaphragm 26 is moved in the opposite direction by the spring 21 in pump 8.

This results in simultaneous closure of delivery valve 10 and opening of valve 6. The reduced pressure thus produced in the working chamber 19 of pump 8 again causes a determinate quantity of oil to be sucked in through the

conduit

7 and 9 and to be expelled at the subsequent cycle.

The apparatus according to the invention affords numerous advantages in comparison with the prior art devices:

Firstly, operation is effected in two stages, including the blowing of a mixture of air and finely atomized oil. The absolute quantity of oil as Well as the quantity of oil relative to the quantity of carrier air can be rigorously proportioned by suitably choosing the volume of the pump working chamber 19 and the cross-section of the passageway 4.

Secondly, the valve 6, the pump 8 and the delivery valve 10 are pneumatically or hydraulically controlled, as a result of which no mechanisms are involved, thus eliminating wear and ensuring great reliability.

Lastly, the apparatus is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

The latter-mentioned advantage is most clearly apparent in FIGURES 2 through 5.

The body of the apparatus consists of two solid rectangular plastic or metal mouldings, each of which has a fiat surface. The first unit (see FIGURE 2) has moulded into its fiat face the

pneumatic control chambers

14 and 18 of the valve 6 and the pump 8, the cavity 24 of the delivery valve 10, the conduit 20 through which the chamber 18 of pump 8 communicates with the supply conduit 3, the conduit 16 through which the control chamber 14 of valve 6 communicates with conduit 3, and the

conduits

30, 31 and 32 and the manifold cavity 33 of a distributor or slide-valve incorporated in the unit and providing the possibility of connecting the apparatus to a plurality of blowing stations.

Into the flat surface of the second unit (FIGURE 3) are moulded the oil-passing chambers and 23 of valve 4 6 and delivery valve 10, and the working chamber 19 of pump 8.

The

conduits

3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 34 and 35 are likewise moulded into the units.

. The units are assembled together by means of screws (not shown) which pass through holes 36 drilled in the second unit and which screw into corresponding threaded holes 37 formed in the first unit.

The diaphragm 26 has formed therein holes for passage of said screws as Well as a hole for providing comrnunication between the conduit 13 formed in the second unit (FIGURE 3) and the jet 12 inserted into the first unit (FIGURES 2 and 5).

Finally, the manner of assembling an apparatus executed with the use of the units shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 is clearly illustrated in the sectional views of FIGURES 4 and 5.

What is claimed is:

1. An oil atomizing apparatus for spraying atomized oil and blowing compressed air onto cutting tools, comprising,

on the one hand, a compressed air supply conduit, which is adapted to be connected to an intermittent compressed air source and which communicates with an oil and air discharge conduit through a passageway of reduced section, and, on the other hand, a pneumatically-controlled valve with a pneumatic control chamber communicating with said supply conduit and obturated by a fluidtight partition which is adapted to be movable within said pneumatic ccn= trol chamber and which is integral with an obturator permanently biased into the open position by elastic means and cooperating with a seat located in an oil-passing chamber which has a port, an oil inlet conduit adapted to be connected to an oil tank, the passage through said seat communicating with the working chamber of a pneumatically-controlled reciprocating pump within which a fluidtight mov able partition separates said working chamber from a pneumatic control chamber communicating with said supply conduit, spring means continuously urging said movable partition towards said control chamber, and said working chamber communicating through delivery valve with a jet which has a port in said air and oil discharge conduit and the outlet of which is positioned in the path of the air stream issuing from said passageway of reduced section.

2. turating fluidtight partition and said elastic means coacting with said pneumatically-controlled valve consist of a single elastic diaphragm made of an elastomer.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said reciprocating pump isa diaphragm-type pump, in which said movable fluidtight partition forms the elastic diaphragm of the pump.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said delivery valve comprises an oil-passing chamber which communicates with said pump working chamber and which is obturated by an elastic diaphragm which, in its inoperative position, is applied against a seat positioned in said oil-passing chamber, the passage through said seat communicating with said jet.

5. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluidtight obturator partition and the elastic means of the pneumatically-controlled valve are constituted by a single elastic diaphragm made of an elastomer, said reciprocating pump is a diaphragm pump, said fluidtight movable partion is the elastic pump diaphragm, and wherein said delivery valve comprises an oil-passing chamber which communicates with the pump working-chamber and which is obturated by an elastic diaphragm which, in its inoperative position, is applied against a seat located in said oil-passing chamber, the passage through said seat communicating with said jet, the body of the apparatus being constituted, on the one hand, of a first unit in Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said ob- 5 which are formed said compressed-air supply and oil and air discharge conduits and which embodies a flat surface in which are formed the pneumatic control chambers of said pneumatically-controlled valve and of said diaphragm pump in addition to a further cavity and, on the other hand, of a second unit embodying a flat surface in which are formed the oil-passing chambers of said pneumatically-controlled valve and said delivery valve as well as the working chamber of said diaphragm pump, the diaphragms of said pneumatically-controlled valve, said diaphragm pump of said delivery valve being constituted by a single common diaphragm made of an elastomer and gripped between the fiat surfaces of said two units, and said cavity extending the oil-passing chamber of said delivery valve on the opposite side of said diaphragm.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,542,941 3/1951 Sargent 1036 2,843,040 7/1958 Harper 103 227 2,954,737 10/1960 Hoover 103 138 3,007,416 11/1962 Childs 103-44 DONLEY I. STOCKING, Primary Examiner.

W. L. FREEH, Assistant Examiner.

Claims

1. AN OIL ATOMIZING APPARATUS FOR SPRAYING ATOMIZED OIL AND BLOWING COMPRESSED AIR ONTO CUTTING TOOLS, COMPRISING, ON THE ONE HAND, A COMPRESSED AIR SUPPLY CONDUIT, WHICH IS ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO AN INTERMITTENT COMPRESSED AIR SOURCE AND WHICH COMMUNICATES WITH AN OIL AND AIR DISCHARGE CONDUIT THROUGH A PASSAGEWAY OF REDUCED SECTION, AND, ON THE OTHER HAND, A PNEUMATICALLY-CONTROLLED VALVE WITH A PNEUMATIC CONTROL CHAMBER COMMUNICATING WITH SAID SUPPLY CONDUIT AND OBTURATED BY A FLUIDTIGHT PARTITION WHICH IS ADAPTED TO BE MOVABLE WITHIN SAID PNEUMATIC CONTROL CHAMBER AND WHICH IS INTEGRAL WITH AN OBTURATOR PERMANENTLY BIASED INTO THE OPEN POSITION BY ELASTIC MEANS AND COOPERATING WITH A SEAT LOCATED IN AN OIL-PASSING CHAMBER WHICH HAS A PORT, AN OIL INLET